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AP Physics B: Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Carnot engine
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
V=constant - I=added - R=1/r added
a=v²/r

2. Current
I=?q/?t
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
q=K?AT/L
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy

3. Thermal expansion
V=?f
q=K?AT/L
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
px and py are conserved

4. Period for a pendulum in simple harmonic motion
1ev=1.6E-19J
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
A1V1=A2V2
T=2pvl/g

5. Vectors in momentum
PE=1/2kx²
Force of Spring
px and py are conserved
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS

6. Basic thermo equation
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
T=2pvm/k

7. Change in pressure
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
C=KepA/d
1/2QV=U
?P=rho(g)?h

8. Capacitors in parallel
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
Fny=FnCos?
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh

9. Potential energy
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Efficiency of an Ideal Engine
PE=mgh
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere

10. Force on a current carrying wire in a magnetic field
Fny=FnCos?
V=vFt/(m/l)
in series - measures current - low resistance
F=BIL

11. Bernoulli's Equation [Conservation of energy]
Force of Gravity
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
W=KEf-KEi

12. Force buoyancy (2 formulas)
Centripetal Acceleration
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
V=vFt/(m/l)

13. r in torque
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

14. P(avg) = W/?t
Pressure from Depth
Power from Energy
Thermal Conductivity
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance

15. Engines (2 equations)
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
Power from Energy
Fnet=Fb-Fg
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius

16. Velocity of a wave
V=?f
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
in series - measures current - low resistance
Momentum

17. Vsound
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
PE=1/2kx²
P=IV
f=mv²/r

18. Work - simple formula
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
T=2pvm/k

19. F(buoy) = pVg
Fy=FnCos?-Fg
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
rho=m/v
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy

20. Flux
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Continuity
Fnx=FnSin?
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A

21. Impulse
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
J=?vm=F?t
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
Ft=0

22. Centripetal acceleration
q=K?AT/L
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
a=v²/r

23. Momentum
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
Force of Gravity
V=constant - Q=added - C=added

24. Kirchhoffs loop rule [conservation of energy]
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
sum of voltages must be zero

25. Simple force equation
Power from Energy
F=ma
PE=1/2kx²
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

26. Series Circuits
V=added - I=constant - R= added
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
q=K?AT/L
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area

27. Critical speed is
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
Ft=0
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Power from Energy

28. Isovolumetric/isochoric
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Fnx=FnSin?
Momentum
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero

29. 3rd right hand rule
clockwise
General Pressure
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/

30. 1st right hand rule
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction

31. heat flow through a window or door
q=K?AT/L
273K and 1.013E5 pa
Fgx=FgCos?
Period in General

32. torque
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Force of Spring
Power from Force
Fnet=Fb-Fg

33. F-NF or vice versa
F=BIL
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
Spring Potential Energy

34. Ammeter
in series - measures current - low resistance
F=BIL
T=2pvl/g
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g

35. Capacitors in series
px and py are conserved
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Force of Gravity

36. A1V1 = A2V2
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
C=KepA/d
Continuity

37. Specific gravity
px and py are conserved
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
counterclockwise
SG=rho object/10³

38. x = x0 + v0t + ½at²
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

39. Elastic collision
T=2pvl/g
F=BIL
n1sin?1=n2sin90
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved

40. Voltage across a battery terminal
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
px and py are conserved

41. Electric field intensity
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Q=CV
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/

42. Net force/apparent weight in forces
P=F/A=rho(g)h
I=?q/?t
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
Fnet=Fb-Fg

43. Isobaric process
Power from Force
Fnet=Fb-Fg
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V

44. v² = v0² + 2a(x-x0)
n1sin?1=n2sin90
T=2pvm/k
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement

45. W
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
F=BIL

46. Net force/apparent weight broken done
F=ma
PE=mgh
?P=rho(g)?h
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal

47. 2nd right hand rule
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
Power from Energy
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation

48. Simple density formula
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
rho=m/v
Fny=FnCos?
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS

49. K = ½mv²
PE=1/2kx²
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
Kinetic Energy
Period in General

50. Pressure (2 formulas)
n1sin?1=n2sin90
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
Thermal Conductivity
P=F/A=rho(g)h