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AP Physics B: Formulas

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Potential energy
Centripetal Acceleration
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
Ideal Gas Law
PE=mgh

2. Thermal expansion
1/2QV=U
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
P=Patm + rho g h

3. Total internal reflection
n1sin?1=n2sin90
Momentum
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T

4. Voltage (circuts)
V=IR
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
1ev=1.6E-19J
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C

5. Isothermal process
Work
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS

6. Specific gravity
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
SG=rho object/10³
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
P=W/T=FD/T=FV

7. Period for a spring in simple harmonic motion
Fgx=FgCos?
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
Power from Energy
T=2pvm/k

8. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the y is
PE=mgh
Fny=FnCos?
Fnet=Fb-Fg
sum of voltages must be zero

9. Velocity of a wave
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Force of Spring
V=?f
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion

10. Kinetic energy
px and py are conserved
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
Period in General
KE=1/2mv²

11. Electric field intensity
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
P=Patm + rho g h
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
L=n/2?

12. 2nd right hand rule
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
Work
Spring Potential Energy

13. P = F/A
a=v²/r
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
General Pressure
C=KepA/d

14. P(avg) = W/?t
Power from Energy
Efficiency of an Ideal Engine
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement

15. Adiabatic process
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
Momentum
sum of voltages must be zero

16. Resistivity in a wire
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
SG=rho object/10³
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area

17. P = Fvcos?
Centripetal Acceleration
V=Ed
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
Power from Force

18. Basic thermo equation
a=v²/r
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
F=ma
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work

19. natural frequencies in a closed tube
Power from Force
P=IV
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
T=2pvm/k

20. Force buoyancy (2 formulas)
T=2pvm/k
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
J=?vm=F?t
Average Speed of each Molecule

21. Carnot engine
Q=CV
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/
F=kx
A1V1=A2V2

22. Simple density formula
Fnx=FnSin?
1/2QV=U
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work
rho=m/v

23. 1st right hand rule
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
Fnet=Fb-Fg
in series - measures current - low resistance
Period in General

24. Momentum
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
Fgy=FgSin?
V=Ed

25. Hookes law
J=?vm=F?t
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
F=kx
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C

26. Capacitors in parallel
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
PE=1/2kx²
F=Gm1m2/r²
T=2pr/v

27. F-NF or vice versa
F=Gm1m2/r²
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
PE=1/2kx²
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction

28. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the x is
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
T=2pvl/g
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Fnx=FnSin?

29. Kirchhoffs Junction rule
T=2pvm/k
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
J=?vm=F?t
F=Gm1m2/r²

30. The three kinematics equations
Fnx=FnSin?
a=v²/r
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

31. Magnitude of gravitational forces between objects
F=Gm1m2/r²
Work
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
PE=1/2kx²

32. Natural frequency open tube/not in a tub
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
L=n/2?

33. Power (circuts)
P=IV
T=2pvm/k
V=IR
F=BIL

34. 3rd right hand rule
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
F=kx
Ug= Gm1m2/r

35. EMF (two formulas)
F=kx
Momentum
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area

36. F(gravity) = -(Gm1m2/r²)
Force of Gravity
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

37. Net force/apparent weight in forces
Fnet=Fb-Fg
1/2QV=U
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance

38. Continuity equation [Conservation of mass]
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
A1V1=A2V2
?P=rho(g)?h
n1sin?1=n2sin?2

39. A1V1 = A2V2
273K and 1.013E5 pa
Power from Force
Force of Friction
Continuity

40. Couloms law (force between two charged objects)
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Thermal Conductivity
Force of Gravity

41. v = v0 + at
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
T=2pvl/g
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
P=W/T=FD/T=FV

42. r in torque
Fny=FnCos?
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
V=IR
PE=mgh

43. P + pgy + ½pv² = const.
Spring Potential Energy
General Pressure
Bernoulli Principal
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

44. K = (3/2)kT
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
1ev=1.6E-19J

45. Period for circular motion
T=2pr/v
V=vFt/(m/l)
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
V=constant - I=added - R=1/r added

46. Vsound
?P=rho(g)?h
1ev=1.6E-19J
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T

47. Ammeter
Pressure from Depth
in series - measures current - low resistance
Fnx=FnSin?
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement

48. Power - simple formula (mechanics)
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
P=IV
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A
V=constant - I=added - R=1/r added

49. Bernoulli's Equation [Conservation of energy]
PE=1/2kx²
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
P=F/A=rho(g)h
P=Patm + rho g h

50. Isobaric process
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
Fnx=FnSin?

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AP Physics B: Formulas

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