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AP Physics B: Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Impulse
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
J=?vm=F?t
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
F=Gm1m2/r²

2. P = Fvcos?
Power from Force
px and py are conserved
1ev=1.6E-19J
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work

3. Energy in a capacitor
1/2QV=U
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
273K and 1.013E5 pa
counterclockwise

4. Simple harmonic motion - spring
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
T=2pvm/k
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere

5. On an inclined plane - gravity in the y
Average Speed of each Molecule
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
Ideal Gas Law
Fgy=FgSin?

6. Capacitors in parallel
Work
n1sin?1=n2sin90
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
F=Gm1m2/r²

7. Adiabatic process
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
T=2pvl/g
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
Ug= Gm1m2/r

8. Banked curve - sum of the forces in the x
Ug= Gm1m2/r
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

9. e = abs(W/Q)
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
P=IV
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T

10. Velocity of sound in a strong
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
V=vFt/(m/l)
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
1ev=1.6E-19J

11. T = 1/f
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]
Period in General
Momentum

12. Power - simple formula (mechanics)
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
V=added - I=constant - R= added

13. Pressure (2 formulas)
P=F/A=rho(g)h
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Kinetic Energy

14. Vsound
1ev=1.6E-19J
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
T=2pvm/k
Force of Friction

15. 2nd right hand rule
Momentum
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
counterclockwise
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction

16. P + pgy + ½pv² = const.
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
Bernoulli Principal
I=?q/?t
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation

17. U(gravitational) = -(Gm1m2/r)
V=Ed
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
1/2QV=U
W=KEf-KEi

18. K = ½mv²
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
Kinetic Energy
Pressure from Depth
V=Ed

19. P(avg) = W/?t
Power from Energy
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
F=BIL

20. A1V1 = A2V2
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
V=IR
Continuity
n1sin?1=n2sin?2

21. W
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
F=ma
Force of Friction
n1sin?1=n2sin90

22. Ideal gas laws
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

23. H = (kA?T)/L
Thermal Conductivity
P=Patm + rho g h
V=vFt/(m/l)
W=KEf-KEi

24. Vectors in momentum
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
px and py are conserved
Force of Gravity

25. Kirchhoffs Junction rule
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
A1V1=A2V2
Kinetic Energy
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion

26. Voltage-parallel plates
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
T=2pvl/g
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
V=Ed

27. Voltage across a battery terminal
in series - measures current - low resistance
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Force of Gravity
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)

28. 1st right hand rule
V=?f
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
F=BIL
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)

29. Elastic collision
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
Power from Energy

30. Simple harmonic motion - pendulum
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
T=2pvl/g
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation

31. Negative torque
clockwise
Fy=FnCos?-Fg
Ft=0
Centripetal Acceleration

32. natural frequencies in a closed tube
KE=1/2mv²
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero

33. p = mv
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
Fny=FnCos?
Momentum
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy

34. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the x is
T=2pr/v
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
Fnx=FnSin?
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving

35. Continuity equation [Conservation of mass]
273K and 1.013E5 pa
Average Speed of each Molecule
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
A1V1=A2V2

36. Electron volts
273K and 1.013E5 pa
T=2pr/v
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
1ev=1.6E-19J

37. Dialectrics insulating sheet between plates
F=Bvsin?q
C=KepA/d
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
Fnx=FnSin?

38. torque
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
Force of Gravity

39. Natural frequency open tube/not in a tub
W=KEf-KEi
F=ma
Thermal Conductivity
L=n/2?

40. Force on a charged particle in a magnetic field
PE=1/2kx²
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
F=Bvsin?q
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation

41. heat flow through a window or door
q=K?AT/L
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
Pressure from Depth
Average Speed of each Molecule

42. W = F?rcos?
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
SG=rho object/10³
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
Work

43. Bernoulli's Equation [Conservation of energy]
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
Force of Spring
Power from Force
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)

44. snells law
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
a=v²/r
V=IR
n1sin?1=n2sin?2

45. Potential energy
T=2pvl/g
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
PE=mgh
Pressure from Depth

46. EMF (two formulas)
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Continuity
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)

47. Simple force equation
Ideal Gas Law
a=v²/r
F=ma
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy

48. Kirchhoffs loop rule [conservation of energy]
sum of voltages must be zero
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
P=IV
273K and 1.013E5 pa

49. F-NF or vice versa
counterclockwise
Momentum
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Fy=FnCos?-Fg

50. vrms (2 equations)
Ug= Gm1m2/r
Fgx=FgCos?
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS