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AP Physics B: Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Bernoulli's Equation [Conservation of energy]
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
Momentum

2. Kirchhoffs Junction rule
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
A1V1=A2V2
V=?f
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

3. F(gravity) = -(Gm1m2/r²)
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Average Speed of each Molecule
A1V1=A2V2
Force of Gravity

4. Ammeter
in series - measures current - low resistance
Ft=0
Period in General
P=Patm + rho g h

5. e = abs(W/Q)
PE=1/2kx²
Thermal Conductivity
Ideal Gas Law
Efficiency of a Heat Engine

6. torque
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
T=2pvl/g
Bernoulli Principal
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

7. Impulse
SG=rho object/10³
J=?vm=F?t
KE=1/2mv²
L=n/2?

8. Change in pressure
?P=rho(g)?h
Ft=0
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T

9. Banked curve - sum of the forces in the x
f=mv²/r
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work
V=constant - Q=added - C=added

10. On an inclined plane - gravity in the x
PE=1/2kx²
Fgx=FgCos?
KE=1/2mv²
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area

11. F(buoy) = pVg
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
F=Bvsin?q
Force of Friction
P=W/T=FD/T=FV

12. PV = nRT = NkT
V=added - I=constant - R= added
Ideal Gas Law
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Force of Spring

13. Centripetal acceleration
a=v²/r
Power from Force
J=?vm=F?t
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?

14. EMF (two formulas)
P=Patm + rho g h
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Power from Energy

15. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the y is
P=IV
Bernoulli Principal
Fny=FnCos?
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

16. Force buoyancy (2 formulas)
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g

17. Hookes law
Momentum
F=kx
T=2pvm/k
Fnx=FnSin?

18. Work - simple formula
q=K?AT/L
Q=CV
Fnx=FnSin?
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance

19. Pascals principle
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero

20. Negative torque
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Ideal Gas Law
clockwise
Average Speed of each Molecule

21. Power - simple formula (mechanics)
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
Power from Energy
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh

22. Total internal reflection
n1sin?1=n2sin90
T=2pvm/k
q=K?AT/L
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance

23. Energy of gravitational attraction
Ug= Gm1m2/r
Fnx=FnSin?
Spring Potential Energy
Momentum

24. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the x is
Period in General
Efficiency of an Ideal Engine
Fnx=FnSin?
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?

25. Electric field intensity
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
Power from Force

26. a(centripetal) = v²/r
V=(331 +.6T) T=temp in Celsius
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Centripetal Acceleration
f=mv²/r

27. Flux
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
W=KEf-KEi

28. Period for a pendulum in simple harmonic motion
V=?f
1ev=1.6E-19J
C=KepA/d
T=2pvl/g

29. Standard pressure and temperature and pressure
V=added - I=constant - R= added
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
273K and 1.013E5 pa

30. W = F?rcos?
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
V=Ed
Work
T=2pvl/g

31. x = x0 + v0t + ½at²
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
T=2pvm/k
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)

32. Simple density formula
rho=m/v
PE=1/2kx²
Efficiency of an Ideal Engine
a=v²/r

33. P + pgy + ½pv² = const.
T=2pr/v
Power from Energy
Bernoulli Principal
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS

34. heat flow through a window or door
?P=rho(g)?h
q=K?AT/L
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved

35. PE of a spring
PE=1/2kx²
Fny=FnCos?
n1sin?1=n2sin90
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout

36. Simple harmonic motion - spring
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout
T=2pvm/k
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
W=KEf-KEi

37. F-NF or vice versa
L=n/2?
q=K?AT/L
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]

38. Voltage across a battery terminal
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
n1sin?1=n2sin90
KE=1/2mv²
General Pressure

39. Isothermal process
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
in series - measures current - low resistance
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

40. Velocity of sound in a strong
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
Ideal Gas Law
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A
V=vFt/(m/l)

41. Energy in a capacitor
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
L=n/2?
1/2QV=U

42. F-F or NF-NF
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
n1sin?1=n2sin?2

43. Electron volts
C=KepA/d
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
1ev=1.6E-19J

44. Force on a current carrying wire in a magnetic field
Ideal Gas Law
273K and 1.013E5 pa
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
F=BIL

45. Pressure (2 formulas)
F=kx
P=F/A=rho(g)h
n1sin?1=n2sin90
T=2pvl/g

46. K = ½mv²
1ev=1.6E-19J
W=KEf-KEi
?P=rho(g)?h
Kinetic Energy

47. natural frequencies in a closed tube
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Fnx=FnSin?

48. v = v0 + at
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
F=ma
W=KEf-KEi
T=2pr/v

49. Continuity equation [Conservation of mass]
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Ug= Gm1m2/r
A1V1=A2V2

50. Simple harmonic motion - pendulum
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
T=2pvl/g
Power from Force
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field