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AP Physics B: Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Bernoulli's Equation [Conservation of energy]
Fny=FnCos?
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
F=Bvsin?q

2. Energy of gravitational attraction
Ug= Gm1m2/r
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
P=Patm + rho g h
T=2pvm/k

3. heat flow through a window or door
q=K?AT/L
V=vFt/(m/l)
rho=m/v
Kinetic Energy

4. Centripetal acceleration
a=v²/r
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
T=2pvl/g
Thermal Conductivity

5. W = F?rcos?
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
Q=CV
Work
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

6. Banked curve - sum of the forces in the x
Q=CV
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
Centripetal Acceleration
Ug= Gm1m2/r

7. v² = v0² + 2a(x-x0)
V=vFt/(m/l)
J=?vm=F?t
Average Speed of each Molecule
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement

8. r in torque
Spring Potential Energy
Thermal Conductivity
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
F=Gm1m2/r²

9. PE of a spring
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
SG=rho object/10³
PE=1/2kx²
?P=rho(g)?h

10. Power - simple formula (mechanics)
KE=1/2mv²
P=W/T=FD/T=FV
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout
Q=CV

11. Natural frequency open tube/not in a tub
L=n/2?
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]
V=added - I=constant - R= added

12. K = ½mv²
Kinetic Energy
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
F=Gm1m2/r²

13. Magnitude of gravitational forces between objects
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/
F=Gm1m2/r²
Ug= Gm1m2/r

14. U(gravitational) = -(Gm1m2/r)
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
273K and 1.013E5 pa
C=KepA/d

15. Ideal gas laws
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
PE=mgh
V=constant - I=added - R=1/r added
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

16. Net force/apparent weight broken done
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
Average Molecular Kinetic Energy
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
sum of voltages must be zero

17. natural frequencies in a closed tube
V=Ed
V=IR
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction

18. torque
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Period in General
Force of Spring
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?

19. Voltage (circuts)
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
Ideal Gas Law
T=2pr/v
V=IR

20. Voltage across a battery terminal
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)

21. e = abs(W/Q)
Period in General
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
Ft=0
Efficiency of a Heat Engine

22. x = x0 + v0t + ½at²
PE=mgh
A1V1=A2V2
Fgy=FgSin?
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

23. Pressure (2 formulas)
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
P=F/A=rho(g)h
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)
?P=rho(g)?h

24. F(spring) = -kx
Force of Spring
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
Average Speed of each Molecule
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?

25. Change in pressure
Force of Friction
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Ug= Gm1m2/r
?P=rho(g)?h

26. Current
P=Patm + rho g h
I=?q/?t
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS

27. Kirchhoffs loop rule [conservation of energy]
P=Patm + rho g h
sum of voltages must be zero
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion

28. Couloms law (force between two charged objects)
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
Fgy=FgSin?
V=vFt/(m/l)

29. Energy in a capacitor
1/2QV=U
a=v²/r
F=ma
F=BIL

30. Dialectrics insulating sheet between plates
V=vFt/(m/l)
C=KepA/d
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

31. Period for a pendulum in simple harmonic motion
J=?vm=F?t
SG=rho object/10³
T=2pvl/g
Ideal Gas Law

32. Vectors in momentum
q=K?AT/L
px and py are conserved
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance
SG=rho object/10³

33. On a banked curve in circular motion - Fn in the y is
Fny=FnCos?
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
F=kx
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)

34. Potential energy
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
1/2QV=U
PE=mgh
V=?f

35. W
counterclockwise
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
Period in General
Fnet=Fb-Fg

36. Power (circuts)
A1V1=A2V2
P=IV
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Kavg=(3/2)kbT

37. a(centripetal) = v²/r
Centripetal Acceleration
Force of Spring
A1V1=A2V2
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere

38. Capacitors in parallel
P=IV
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
W=KEf-KEi

39. Thermal expansion
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
V=added - I=constant - R= added
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?

40. Pascals principle
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout
q=K?AT/L
a=v²/r
Ft=0

41. Average kinetic energy
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
Ideal Gas Law
in series - measures current - low resistance
Kavg=(3/2)kbT

42. v = v0 + at
F=Bvsin?q
Ideal Gas Law
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A

43. Force on a current carrying wire in a magnetic field
Force of Gravity
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
F=BIL

44. EMF (two formulas)
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
1ev=1.6E-19J

45. P = P0 + pgh
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
V=added - Q=constant - C= 1/C
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
Pressure from Depth

46. Capacitance
1/2QV=U
Q=CV
Thermal Conductivity
V=IR

47. 2nd right hand rule
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

48. Simple harmonic motion - spring
T=2pvm/k
L=n/4? has to be odd numbers
Spring Potential Energy
W is positive when work is done on the system - compression - W is negative when work is done by the system - expansion

49. Elastic collision
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
V=added - I=constant - R= added
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved

50. Continuity equation [Conservation of mass]
Force of Friction
1/2QV=U
A1V1=A2V2
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout