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AP Physics B: Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Centripetal acceleration
SG=rho object/10³
PE=1/2kx²
q=K?AT/L
a=v²/r

2. Capacitance
Fy=FnCos?-Fg
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero
Q=CV
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?

3. Ammeter
Sum of all currents (I) entering=sum of all currents (I) leaving
in series - measures current - low resistance
f=mv²/r
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero

4. PV = nRT = NkT
V=constant - I=added - R=1/r added
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
Archimedes Principle/Bouyancy
Ideal Gas Law

5. torque
Fgx=FgCos?
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
Vab=Rated voltage-IR (r=internal resistance)
F=Gm1m2/r²

6. Isovolumetric/isochoric
V=Ed
T=2pvl/g
V=?f
?v=0 - w=0 area under the curve is zero

7. v² = v0² + 2a(x-x0)
f=mv²/r
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement
F=BIL
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction

8. F-NF or vice versa
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?
Efficiency of an Ideal Engine
sum of voltages must be zero
px and py are conserved

9. Simple force equation
F=ma
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]
V=IR
Efficiency of a Heat Engine

10. Impulse
A1V1=A2V2
Kinetic Energy
J=?vm=F?t
P=Patm + rho g h

11. Absolute pressure
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
P=Patm + rho g h
f=mv²/r
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W

12. Elastic collision
Fgx=FgCos?
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
P1atm + 1/2rhoV1² + rhogh= P2atm + 1/2rhoV2² + rhogh
P=IV

13. Banked curve - sum of the forces in the y
Fy=FnCos?-Fg
Bernoulli Principal
rho=m/v
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]

14. Banked curve - sum of the forces in the x
PE=mgh
A1V1=A2V2
V=W/Q=KQ/r NO VECTORS
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?

15. F-F or NF-NF
Fnet=Fb-Fg
Constructive: 2t=m? - Destructive: 2t=m?+1/2?
T=2pvl/g
F=ma

16. v = v(3RT)/M = v(3KT)/µ
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
clockwise
Average Speed of each Molecule
v3kT/m [mass per molecule] - v3RT/M [molar mass]

17. Force buoyancy (2 formulas)
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
L=n/2?
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

18. P = P0 + pgh
Bernoulli Principal
Ideal Gas Law
T=2pvl/g
Pressure from Depth

19. e = abs(W/Q)
Continuity
Efficiency of a Heat Engine
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation

20. 3rd right hand rule
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Fgy=FgSin?
Kinematic with Velocity - Acceleration - and Displacement

21. Net force/apparent weight broken done
Fnet=rhofluid vfluid g -rho object vobject g where the volumes are usually equal
Average Speed of each Molecule
Fgy=FgSin?
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout

22. Ideal gas laws
Power from Force
PV=nRT - PV=N (# of molecules)kb (bozons constant)T
Gravitational Potential Energy Anywhere
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

23. snells law
F=Gm1m2/r²
Fgy=FgSin?
Thermal Conductivity
n1sin?1=n2sin?2

24. Electron volts
L=n/2?
in series - measures current - low resistance
1ev=1.6E-19J
Fnet=Fb-Fg

25. Energy of gravitational attraction
Average Speed of each Molecule
rho=m/v
Ug= Gm1m2/r
Fx=mv²/r=FnSin?

26. 2nd right hand rule
billiard balls - no sticking total energy is conserved
Kavg=(3/2)kbT
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
P=mv (Kg m/s) or (N s)

27. On an inclined plane - gravity in the y
px and py are conserved
Fgy=FgSin?
rho=m/v
273K and 1.013E5 pa

28. Current
KE=1/2mv²
V=?f
I=?q/?t
Fny=FnCos?

29. Kinetic energy
thumb in direction of proton - fingers in direction of magnetic field and palm will show you force
KE=1/2mv²
n1sin?1=n2sin?2
Kavg=(3/2)kbT

30. Magnitude of gravitational forces between objects
F=Gm1m2/r²
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
a=v²/r
E=F/q (point charge)=KQ1/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS

31. Isobaric process
General Pressure
Fy=FnCos?-Fg
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
in series - measures current - low resistance

32. Net work
Fny=FnCos?
V=vFt/(m/l)
Temperature is constant - ?U=0 - -Q=W
W=KEf-KEi

33. Velocity of sound in a strong
Adiabatic and isothermal processes ec= TH-TL/
V=vFt/(m/l)
in series - measures current - low resistance
Ideal Gas Law

34. Resistivity in a wire
P=Patm + rho g h
V=?f
R=rho L/A A=cross sectional area
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work

35. F(spring) = -kx
Force of Spring
n1sin?1=n2sin90
PE=mgh
P=IV

36. x = x0 + v0t + ½at²
J=?vm=F?t
?U=W - no heat added system (Q=0)
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time
W=Fd=mad - direction of force must be same as direction of distance

37. Hookes law
t=Fr - force must be perpendicular to the moment arm and the axis of rotation
F=Bvsin?q
Force of Gravity
F=kx

38. P(avg) = W/?t
Power from Energy
1ev=1.6E-19J
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
n1sin?1=n2sin90

39. Vectors in momentum
px and py are conserved
Fb=mf g= rhof Vf g
Fnx=FnSin?
Force of Friction

40. Series Circuits
F=Bvsin?q
Thermal Conductivity
V=added - I=constant - R= added
V=?f

41. The three kinematics equations
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A
1/2QV=U
on a solenoid wrap finger around direction of current - thumb will point in north pole direction
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit

42. Simple density formula
moment arm - perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of rotation
rho=m/v
shows magnetic field created by a current. Thumb in direction of the current - fingers show direction of field
Flux (in webers)=Bcos?A

43. Couloms law (force between two charged objects)
T=2pr/v
Pressure is constant ?P=0 w=-P?V
F=kQ1Q2/r² BREAK INTO VECTORS
P=Patm + rho g h

44. Simple harmonic motion - pendulum
T=2pvl/g
Force of Spring
Pin=Pout=Fin/Ain=Fout/Aout
Kinematic with Displacement - Velocity - Acceleration - and Time

45. Net force/apparent weight in forces
Momentum
Fnet=Fb-Fg
E=-N Change in flux/?t=Blv (v=velocity of the wire)
Constructive: 2t=m?+1/2? - Destructive: 2t=m?

46. a(centripetal) = v²/r
KE=1/2mv²
Ft=0
Centripetal Acceleration
General Pressure

47. Thermal expansion
?L=(coefficient of linear expansion)aLinitial?T
V=added - I=constant - R= added
Q=CV
General Pressure

48. Capacitors in parallel
V=constant - Q=added - C=added
Work
Vf=Vi+ at - Vf²=Vi² +2ad - d=1/2 a t² +vit
T=2pvm/k

49. Basic thermo equation
QH=QL +W and e=W/QH
Ug= Gm1m2/r
?U=Q + W - heat added= heat + work
F=Bvsin?q

50. W = F?rcos?
f=mv²/r
added in parallel - measures volts - high resistance
Work
T=2pvm/k