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AP Psychology
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Subjects
:
psychology
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ancient Greek philosopher. Wrote 'Peri Psyches' ('About the Mind').
Aristotle
Placenta
top-down processing
nurture
2. An operant conditioning procedure in which a person is physically removed from sources of reinforcement to decrease the occurrence of undesired behaviors.
Shaping
hindbrain
Time-out
EEG (electroencephalogram)
3. The situation that occurs when the drug becomes part of the body's functioning and produces withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued
Humanistic theory
Dependence
nurture
forebrain
4. The study of the lifelong - often age-related - processes of change in the physical - cognitive - moral - emotional - and social domains of functioning; such changes are rooted in biological mechanisms that are genetically controlled - as well as in
Developmental Psychology
Critical Period
Reflex
observer bias
5. The first of Piaget's four stages of cognitive development (covering roughly the first 2 years of life) - during which the child develops some motoer coordination skills and a memory for past events
psychometrician
Higher-order Conditioning
decay
Sensorimotor stage
6. Any neutral stimulus that initially has no intrinsic negative value for an organism but acquires punishing qualities when linked with a primary punisher
Conditioned Stimulus
state-dependent learning
Lev Vygotsky
Secondary Punisher
7. Any behavior intended to harm another person or thing.
Aggression
motor neurons
pancreas
Double-blind techniques
8. Motivation supplied by rewards that come from the external environment
inferential statistics
axon terminal
Extrinsic motivation
Blood-Brain Barrier
9. Freud's second stage of personality development - from about age 2 to about age 3 - during which children learn to control the immediate gratification they obtain through defecation and to become responsive to the demands of society.
Robert Zajonc
bottom-up processing
Anal Stage
Ivan Pavlov
10. Theory that suggests that organisms learn new responses by observing the behavior of a model and then imitating it; aka. Social learning theory
Panic Attack
Observational Learning Theory
Health psychology
endocrine system
11. Learning that occurs in the absence of direct reinforcement and that is not necessarily demonstrated through observable behavior
Latent Learning
glial cells
Carol Gilligan
terminal buttons (axon terminals)
12. Applies psychological concepts to legal issues
Sensorimotor stage
forensic psychologist
gonads
Algorithm
13. Social psychology; bystander apathy - diffusion of responsibility
primacy effect
Darley & Latane
Harry Harlow
moral development
14. Reproductive glands-male - testes; female - ovaries
achievement test
gonads
Placebo effect
Archetypes
15. A system of learned attitudes about social practices - instituations - and individual behavior used to evaluate situations and behavior as right or wrong - good or bad
Altruism
Mary Cover-Jones
Edward Thorndike
Morality
16. After firing when a neuron will not fire again no matter how strong the incoming message may be
acetylcholine (ACh)
Formal operational stage
refractory period
Robert Yerkes
17. The process by which the probability of an organism's emitting a response is reduced when reinforcement no longer follows the response
placebo
parasympathetic nervous system
Extinction (operant conditioning)
psychiatrist
18. The scientific study of how people think about - interact with - influence - and are influenced by the thoughts - feelings - and behaviors of other people.
Preoperational stage
Social Psychology
Holmes & Rahe
human genomes
19. Decrease in likelihood that an intrinsically motivated task - after having been extrinsically rewarded - will be performed when the reward is no longer given.
neural impulse
Anorexia Nervosa
Thanatology
Overjustification effect
20. Internally generated patterns of body functions - including hormonal signals - sleep - blood pressure - and temperature regulation - which have approximately a 24-hour cycle and occur even in the absence of normal cues about whether it is day or nigh
Masters & Johnson
Zygote
Ex Post Facto Design
Circadian Rhythms
21. An excessive attachment to some person or object that was appropriate only at an earlier stage of development
Fixation
Social Loafing
Cognitive theories
Intimacy
22. Experience of the difference threshold
just noticeable difference (JND)
Elaboration Likelihood Model
Overjustification effect
Gazzaniga or Sperry
23. A social need that directs a person to strive constantly for excellence and success
REM (rapid eye movement) sleep
Need for achievement
Burnout
Wernicke's area
24. A pattern of relatively permanent traits - dispositions - or characteristics that give some consistency to people's behavior.
dopamine
Percentile score
shaping
Personality
25. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
psychology
insulin
Self-efficacy
Motivation
26. Psychological disorders characterized by a sudden but temporary alteration in consciousness - identity - sensorimotor behavior - or memory
cerebellum
clinical psychologist
Dissociative disorders
Symptom substitution
27. A reinforcement schedule in which a reinforcer (reward) is delivered after a predetermined but variable number of responses has occurred
cognitive-appraisal theory of emotion
endorphins
visual acuity
Variable-ratio Schedule
28. A highly detailed description of a single individual or a vent
Teratogen
case study
Psychotic
eclectic
29. Shows brain's electrical activity by positioning electrodes over the scalp
developmental psychologist
Hyperopic
EEG (electroencephalogram)
declarative memory
30. Studies psychological development across the lifespan
Preconscious
Motivation
parathormone
developmental psychologist
31. Dissociative disorder characterized by the sudden and extensive inability to recall important personal information - usually of a traumatic or stressful nature.
Dissociative amnesia
frequency
Social Facilitation
Robert Rosenthal
32. People who cannot perceive any color - usually because their retinas lack cones.
Monochromats
Walter B. Cannon
Nonverbal Communication
gonads
33. Stage of sleep characterized by high-frequency - low-amplitude brain-wave activity - rapid and systematic eye movements - more vivid dreams - and postural muscle paralysis
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
long-term potentiation
(cerebral) cortex
Coping
34. Level of consciousness that includes unacceptable feelings - wishes - and thoughts not directly available to conscious awareness
Karl Wernicke
Sensorimotor stage
unconscious
Disorganized type of schizophrenia
35. The behavior of giving up or not responding to punishment - exhibited by people or animals exposed to negative consequences or punishment over which they have no control
maintenance rehearsal
experiment
William James
Learned Helplessness
36. Period of development from conception until birth
prenatal development
double-blind procedure
hormone
Behavior therapy
37. In Piaget's view - a specific mental structure; an organized way of interacting with the environment and experiencing it- a generalization a child makes based on comparable occurences of various actins - usally physical - motor actions
science
Superstitious Behavior
Learned Helplessness
Schema
38. School of psychological thought that considered the structure and elements of conscious experience to be the proper subject matter of psychology
neurogenesis
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Reasoning
structuralism
39. The measurement of public opinion through the use of sampling and questioning
Orgasm phase
William Sheldon
survey research
Konrad Lorenz
40. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Reasoning
Karl Wernicke
Logic
Cross-sectional study
41. The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional causes but to attribute one's own behavior to situational causes.
polygenic inheritance
cornea
John B Watson
Actor-observer Effect
42. A person's diminished ability to deal with demanding life events.
Interpersonal Attraction
Resilience
menarche
Vulnerability
43. Ability of the visual perceptual system to recognize that an object remains constant in size regardless of its distance from the observer or the size of its image on the retina.
sympathetic nervous system
Size constancy
Transference
Little Albert
44. Freud's level of mental life that consists of those experiences that we are aware of at any given time.
Consciousness
aphasia
Genital Stage
Phineas Gage
45. A donut ring-shaped of loosely connected structures located in the forebrain between the central core and cerebral hemispheres; consists of: septum - cingulate gyrus - endowments - hypothalamus - and to campus - and amygdala; associated with emotions
developmental psychologist
ex post facto study
limbic system
case study
46. The sense of hearing
Self-efficacy
audition
theory
Emotion
47. A trait or inherited characteristic that has increased in a population because it solved a problem of survival or reproduction
unconscious
adaptation
hypnosis
Dissociative amnesia
48. According to Piaget - the process by which existing mental structures and behaviors are modified to adapt to new experiences
Need
health psychologist
Accommodation
Cognitive Dissonance
49. Efferent neurons; neurons that carry messages from spinal cord/brain to muscles and glands
Positive Reinforcement
Robert Zajonc
motor neurons
John Garcia
50. Small opeing in iris that is smaller in bright light and larger in darkness
Interpretation
Color Blindness
sample
pupil
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