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Test your basic knowledge |
Behavioral Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type I vs Type II error (including how you decrease the probability of getting them)
2. Pygmalian vs Hawthorne effect
3. Relative risk equation
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Picking neighbors for controls and such
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
4. Confidence interval equation (95%)
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
5. Latent period bias
Disease (+ or -)
1/attributable risk
=SD/sqrt(n)
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
6. MedicarE vs medicaid
1/attributable risk
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
Elderly - vs Destitute
7. P value vs power (1-beta) determine them - Power
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
8. Absolute risk reduction equation
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
Elderly - vs Destitute
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
9. Selection vs sampling bias
Spouse>children>parents
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
10. NTs in REM sleep
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
Elderly - vs Destitute
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
11. 3 yr milestones
Best payment method for preventative care
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
Disease (+ or -)
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
12. Capitation
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Disease (+ or -)
Best payment method for preventative care
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
13. Depression sleep patterns
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
Disease (+ or -)
1/absolute risk reduction
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
14. Attributable risk equation
Disease (+ or -)
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
1/attributable risk
15. Procedure bias
16. Number needed to harm equation
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
1/attributable risk
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
17. Positive vs negative skew
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
18. For the 2x2 - always put ? on top
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Disease (+ or -)
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
19. Phases of clinical trials
Elderly - vs Destitute
1/absolute risk reduction
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
20. 12 month milestones
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
=SD/sqrt(n)
21. Number needed to treat equation
Best payment method for preventative care
Picking neighbors for controls and such
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
1/absolute risk reduction
22. Matching
Picking neighbors for controls and such
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
23. Emancipation of a minor
Picking neighbors for controls and such
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
24. 1st vs 2nd tests in determining a patient having dz
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
1/attributable risk
25. t-test vs ANOVA vs chi
26. BMI equation - levels
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
27. Random vs systematic error
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
28. Confidence interval confirms H0
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
Spouse>children>parents
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
29. Cross-sectional study
Ad/bc
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Spouse>children>parents
1/attributable risk
30. Case-control vs cohort study
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Ad/bc
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
1/absolute risk reduction
31. Waves of sleep
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
32. Late-look bias
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
1/attributable risk
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
33. Effect modification
1/absolute risk reduction
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
34. Reliability=
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
35. Surrogate hierarchy
Spouse>children>parents
Elderly - vs Destitute
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
36. Null vs alternative hypothesis
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
37. Where does most abnl actions in sleep occur?
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Stage 3
38. Grief sx - timeline
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
39. Odds ratio equation
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
Ad/bc
Stage 3
1/absolute risk reduction
40. SEM=
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
=SD/sqrt(n)
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
Risk without tx minus risk with tx