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Test your basic knowledge |
Behavioral Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Effect modification
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
Ad/bc
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
2. Pygmalian vs Hawthorne effect
3. NTs in REM sleep
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
4. Where does most abnl actions in sleep occur?
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Stage 3
5. BMI equation - levels
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
6. Number needed to harm equation
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
1/attributable risk
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
7. Odds ratio equation
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Ad/bc
8. Confidence interval confirms H0
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
9. Late-look bias
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
10. Relative risk equation
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
11. Positive vs negative skew
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
Ad/bc
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
12. Cross-sectional study
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
Best payment method for preventative care
Disease (+ or -)
13. Type I vs Type II error (including how you decrease the probability of getting them)
14. MedicarE vs medicaid
Best payment method for preventative care
Elderly - vs Destitute
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
15. Case-control vs cohort study
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
16. Reliability=
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
=SD/sqrt(n)
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
17. Capitation
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Best payment method for preventative care
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
18. Attributable risk equation
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
19. Waves of sleep
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
20. Emancipation of a minor
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
21. Matching
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Disease (+ or -)
Ad/bc
1/attributable risk
22. P value vs power (1-beta) determine them - Power
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Elderly - vs Destitute
Best payment method for preventative care
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
23. Null vs alternative hypothesis
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
24. Surrogate hierarchy
Spouse>children>parents
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
25. 1st vs 2nd tests in determining a patient having dz
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Best payment method for preventative care
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
26. Grief sx - timeline
1/absolute risk reduction
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
27. Procedure bias
28. Selection vs sampling bias
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
29. Number needed to treat equation
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
1/absolute risk reduction
30. 12 month milestones
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
1/absolute risk reduction
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
31. 3 yr milestones
1/absolute risk reduction
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
32. Random vs systematic error
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Ad/bc
33. SEM=
=SD/sqrt(n)
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
34. Absolute risk reduction equation
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
35. For the 2x2 - always put ? on top
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
Disease (+ or -)
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
36. Phases of clinical trials
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
1/absolute risk reduction
37. Depression sleep patterns
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
38. t-test vs ANOVA vs chi
39. Confidence interval equation (95%)
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
40. Latent period bias
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Picking neighbors for controls and such