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Test your basic knowledge |
Behavioral Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Waves of sleep
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Picking neighbors for controls and such
2. Number needed to treat equation
Disease (+ or -)
Best payment method for preventative care
1/absolute risk reduction
Spouse>children>parents
3. 3 yr milestones
Stage 3
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
4. Latent period bias
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
5. Relative risk equation
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Elderly - vs Destitute
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
6. Random vs systematic error
1/attributable risk
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Reduces precision vs reduces accuracy
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
7. Case-control vs cohort study
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
8. NTs in REM sleep
ACh increases it - NE reduces REM
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
1/attributable risk
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
9. Odds ratio equation
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Ad/bc
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
10. Selection vs sampling bias
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
Picking neighbors for controls and such
11. Attributable risk equation
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
1/attributable risk
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
[a/(a+c)] - [c/(c+d)]
12. t-test vs ANOVA vs chi
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13. 1st vs 2nd tests in determining a patient having dz
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Elderly - vs Destitute
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
14. Surrogate hierarchy
Elderly - vs Destitute
Spouse>children>parents
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Ad/bc
15. P value vs power (1-beta) determine them - Power
1/absolute risk reduction
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
1-beta - Probability of finding the difference when there is one (aka not getting Type II error)
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
16. Where does most abnl actions in sleep occur?
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Stage 3
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
17. Positive vs negative skew
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
18. Null vs alternative hypothesis
H0 vs H1 - There is no association vs there is an association
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
19. Procedure bias
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20. BMI equation - levels
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
21. Grief sx - timeline
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
5 steps - hallucinations - delusions - >2 months is abnormal
22. MedicarE vs medicaid
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
Elderly - vs Destitute
23. Matching
Picking neighbors for controls and such
Best payment method for preventative care
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
Disease (+ or -)
24. 12 month milestones
Spouse>children>parents
Walking - separation anxiety - understand 25% of what he says
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
1/absolute risk reduction
25. For the 2x2 - always put ? on top
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Disease (+ or -)
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
26. Cross-sectional study
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Kg/m^2 - <18.5=underweight - 18.5-25=good - 25-30=overweight - 30-40=obese - 40+=morbidly obese
27. Phases of clinical trials
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Nonrandom assignment to study group - vs - Subjects not a good representation of the public
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
28. Late-look bias
Stage 3
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
Hump moves left vs right - Mean>median>mode vs Mean<median<mode
29. Pygmalian vs Hawthorne effect
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30. Depression sleep patterns
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
Increased REM - Faster entrance to REM - Repeated awakenings
Need a certain amount of time before the result surfaces
Researches belief in the outcome effects the outcome - vs Subjects realize they're being studied so they change their behavior
31. Absolute risk reduction equation
1/attributable risk
Risk without tx minus risk with tx
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
32. Confidence interval equation (95%)
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Mean +/- 2(SEM)
33. Number needed to harm equation
1/attributable risk
Stage 3
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
Alpha vs beta - FP vs FN - There is a difference when there really isn't vs There isn't a difference when there really is
34. Effect modification
Those in different groups aren't treated the same
Ad/bc
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
35. Reliability=
1st-Rule out. High sensitivity (SNOUT) - 2nd-Rule in. High specificity (SPIN)
1/attributable risk
Precision - Consistent and reproducible
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
36. Confidence interval confirms H0
Best payment method for preventative care
Info gathered at a bad time - Ex. Survey of fatal dz (only those alive answer)
Feeds self - tricycle - gender identity - toilet trained - sentences
If odds ratio or relative risk cross 1 - If two groups overlap
37. Capitation
Take people who have a dz - see what RFs there were vs take people with RFs - see if they develop a dz - Odds ratio vs relative risk - Retrospective vs observational
[a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)]
Best payment method for preventative care
Picking neighbors for controls and such
38. Type I vs Type II error (including how you decrease the probability of getting them)
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39. SEM=
You catch the confounding error. Not a bias
=SD/sqrt(n)
1-Assess toxicity - safety. Healthy volunteers - 2-Assess dosing - SEs - 3-Huge number of people to compare it to the current standard of care - 4-Long term SEs
Take data from everyone to get info like prevalence - risks - etc.
40. Emancipation of a minor
Difference between 2 means - vs - Difference between 3+ means - vs - Difference between things that aren't means
Stage 3
Marriage - Self-supporting - Has children - Military - Emergencies - OCPs - STDs - pregnancy - drugs
Awake=beta - Stage 1=theta - Stage 2=spindles - K complexes - Stage 3=delta (widest with tallest amplitudes) - Stage 4/REM=beta