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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Different form of a gene






2. Some animals move around to increase decrease temperature (pray themselves with water/dust - find shade - put on clothing)






3. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






4. Neurons (generate and conduct electrical signals) and glial cells (release chemical signals)






5. Extracellular fluid - including blood/plasma (Allow cells to take in nutrients and remove waste)






6. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






7. 1. Regulate volume of fluid in body 2. regulate osmolarity - 3. Maintain Ca2+ - H+ - NA+ (ionic regulation) 4. eliminate nitrogenous wastes produced by protein and nucleic acid catabolism (URINE)






8. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






9. Changes the encoded amino acid-- usually deleterious (nonsynonymous substitution)






10. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






11. Allow extracellular fluid to equilibrate with seawater






12. Total number of individuals in a population






13. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form






14. Several loci






15. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






16. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






17. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






18. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






19. Stable temperatures






20. Low glucose level in blood






21. 1. Ectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm






22. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area






23. In medulla - run parrallel to loops of Henlue and medullary collecting ducts - minimize excessive loss of solutes via diffusion






24. In medulla - run parrallel to loops of Henlue and medullary collecting ducts - minimize excessive loss of solutes via diffusion






25. Favors the mean - selection against any deleterious mutations (baby size)






26. Much of variation in size lies in non coding DNA as opposed to functional genes. Also in large populations - slightly deleterious sequences more likely to be purged than in small size (thus more noncoding DNA in large population over small)






27. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






28. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






29. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






30. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






31. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






32. ADH- increase number of water channels - allows more water to leave duct - urine volume decreases






33. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






34. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides






35. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






36. The Origin of Species 1859

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37. Populations do






38. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)






39. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






40. Allele and genotype frequencies






41. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






42. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






43. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






44. Descending loop permeable to waterbut not solutes - ascending not permeable to water and actively transports salts out (desert animals - long Henles - freshwater fish - no Henle)






45. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






46. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






47. In ECM - protein fibers makeup cartilage and bone (mineralized) - ECM of plasma liquid - Adipose=fat cells - energy storing






48. Native to one location and no where else






49. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






50. The body's resting rate of energy expenditure






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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