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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Origin of Species 1859

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2. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






3. Secrete penicillin - toxins - K+ and H+






4. Excrete ammonia






5. BMI of 30 or greater






6. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






7. BMI of 30 or greater






8. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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9. Heat transfers from warmer objects to cooler ones via infrared radiation (radiation absorbed or emitted)






10. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius






11. Allow individual genes - organelles or fragments of genomes to move horizontally from one lineage to another (virus take genes from one host to new host or mitochondria/chloroplasts)






12. Wallace






13. Outcrops of species due to suitable habitats separated by areas of unsuitable habitat






14. Changes the encoded amino acid-- usually deleterious (nonsynonymous substitution)






15. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






16. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






17. The number of osmoles of solute particles per liter of solvent - must be maintained between extracellular and intracellular fluid or cells can change volume and burst/die






18. Total number of individuals in a population






19. Some animals move around to increase decrease temperature (pray themselves with water/dust - find shade - put on clothing)






20. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area






21. Cluster of interconnected fenestrated capillaries - supplied by afferent arteriole - drained by efferent arteriole - podocytes form filatration slits






22. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






23. 1. Ectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm






24. The body's resting rate of energy expenditure






25. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






26. Change salt water balance: 1. respiration - 2. metabolism - 3. waste elimination - 4. food ingestion 5. body temperature regulation






27. Generate their own heat - maintain relatively constant body temperature - BMR measured in thermoneutral zone (birds and mammals)






28. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






29. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






30. Fine tuning of adaptive mechanisms (adjusts to climate/temperature- sweating begins sooner and is greater in volume)






31. A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus - which results in the production of sex cells






32. Made by pancreas - binds to cell surface receptor and stimulates singaling pathway - faciliates glucose diffusion into cell (secretion rises when blood glucose rises - eating - or parasympathetic stimulation ie negative feedback)






33. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






34. Proportion of genotype in population






35. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






36. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






37. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






38. Excrete ammonia






39. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






40. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on variation in their traits






41. Cover inner and outer surface areas - secrete substances - selective barriers - transport - cilia or sensory






42. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






43. Trait with true indicator of ability to survive in local environment ie bull frogs lifespan can be determined by its size which determines how low it's voice is






44. Extracellular fluid - including blood/plasma (Allow cells to take in nutrients and remove waste)






45. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






46. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






47. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






48. Amount of fuel used during a given time to power all of its metabolic requirement - = MR - sometimes appears as heat






49. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






50. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)