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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






2. What organisms look like and how they behave






3. The body's resting rate of energy expenditure






4. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






5. Proportion of allele in population






6. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






7. Changes set point altogether (being awake - daytime activity - disease - skin temperature)






8. Native to one location and no where else






9. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






10. Cells or organisms having two sets of chromosomes






11. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






12. Generate their own heat - maintain relatively constant body temperature - BMR measured in thermoneutral zone (birds and mammals)






13. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






14. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






15. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






16. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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17. Low glucose level in blood






18. Thermostat of the brain (when cooled - constricts blood vessels in skin and increases metabolic heat production= body temp increases)






19. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






20. ADH- increase number of water channels - allows more water to leave duct - urine volume decreases






21. Most of the water in an animal's body located within its cells






22. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






23. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






24. Amplifies deviation frokm set point






25. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






26. Total number of individuals in a population






27. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






28. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






29. Tissues other than skeletal muscles produce metabolic heat by uncoulping oxidative phosphorylation (burn fuel without producing ATP)






30. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






31. Skeletal muscle (major consumer of glucose) - cardiac muscle - smooth muscle (gut - bladder and blood vessels)






32. If directional selection occurs for generations - however can be stopped due to change in environment or when optimal phenotype reached (then stabilizing)






33. A favored trait that evolves through natural selection (more organisms with that trait survive than those without)






34. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance - imbalance can alter membrane potentials/disrupt cell activities






35. 1. Regulate volume of fluid in body 2. regulate osmolarity - 3. Maintain Ca2+ - H+ - NA+ (ionic regulation) 4. eliminate nitrogenous wastes produced by protein and nucleic acid catabolism (URINE)






36. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






37. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






38. Species change over time - divergent species share a common ancestor - change is produced by natural selection






39. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






40. The number of osmoles of solute particles per liter of solvent - must be maintained between extracellular and intracellular fluid or cells can change volume and burst/die






41. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






42. Q10= Rt/Rt-10 (rate of process or reaction - and rate at 10 degreed celcius lower)-- If not sensititve - Q10 is usually 1 - generally between 2 and 3






43. Low glucose level in blood






44. 2/3 of all useful solute reabsorbed ie Na+ - K+ - Cl- - HCO3- - organic molecule - glucose - amino acids (TRANSPORT MAXIMUM based on saturatino of membrane transport proteins)






45. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






46. Heat transfers from warmer objects to cooler ones via infrared radiation (radiation absorbed or emitted)






47. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






48. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)






49. Excrete ammonia






50. Individuals interacting at a given time and place