Test your basic knowledge |

Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stable temperatures






2. Occurs when GI tract is empty of nutrients so body's stores are used






3. Outcrops of species due to suitable habitats separated by areas of unsuitable habitat






4. The number of osmoles of solute particles per liter of solvent - must be maintained between extracellular and intracellular fluid or cells can change volume and burst/die






5. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






6. What organisms look like and how they behave






7. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)






8. Populations do






9. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






10. 1. If equal - then amino acid residue drifting neutrally 2. If nonsynon higher than sysnon - positive selection causing change in amino acid residue 3. If sysnon higher than nonsynon then purifying selection resisting change in amino acid residue (ly






11. Tissues other than skeletal muscles produce metabolic heat by uncoulping oxidative phosphorylation (burn fuel without producing ATP)






12. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form






13. Releases fatty acids to diffuse into cells of the body - some used during absorptive phase for energy






14. Hot fish have arteries closer to muscle to warm blood (countercurrent heat exchanger)- allows them to swim faster - catch prey






15. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






16. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides






17. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






18. Low glucose level in blood






19. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect






20. Excrete ammonia






21. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






22. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






23. Humans do this through clothing






24. Body temp changes with enviro - BMR measured at standard temp for each species - SMR or standard metabolic rate (fish - ambhibia - reptiles)






25. Much of variation in size lies in non coding DNA as opposed to functional genes. Also in large populations - slightly deleterious sequences more likely to be purged than in small size (thus more noncoding DNA in large population over small)






26. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






27. Main excretory organ of vertebrates: 1. specialized tubules of epithelial cell - 2. salt and water homeostasis - 3. Nitrogeneous waste elimination 4.Renal cortex= filtration - renal medulla = filtration concentrated 5. milions of nephrons






28. Humans do this through clothing






29. Fluctuating temperatures






30. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






31. Ability to compete for mates






32. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






33. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






34. Releases fatty acids to diffuse into cells of the body - some used during absorptive phase for energy






35. One loci






36. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






37. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






38. Fine tuning of adaptive mechanisms (adjusts to climate/temperature- sweating begins sooner and is greater in volume)






39. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






40. 1. No mutation 2. No differential selection among genotypes 3. There is no gene flow 4. Population size is infinite 5. Mating is random






41. Extracellular fluid - including blood/plasma (Allow cells to take in nutrients and remove waste)






42. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






43. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






44. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






45. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






46. Amplifies deviation frokm set point






47. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






48. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






49. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






50. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments