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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bicarbonate ions (Co2+H2O= h2Co3= H+ + HCO3-) Co2 removed by lungs - H+ removed by urine






2. Changes set point altogether (being awake - daytime activity - disease - skin temperature)






3. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






4. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments






5. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






6. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






7. Daily decline of body temp to save energy (bouts of torpor last mustiple days in hibernation)






8. Any change in the nucleotide sequences of an organism's DNA (deleterious - neutral - beneficial)






9. Favors the mean - selection against any deleterious mutations (baby size)






10. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






11. Skeletal muscle (major consumer of glucose) - cardiac muscle - smooth muscle (gut - bladder and blood vessels)






12. Proportion of allele in population






13. When an organisms phenotype influences ability to attract mates






14. One loci






15. Daily decline of body temp to save energy (bouts of torpor last mustiple days in hibernation)






16. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






17. Cluster of interconnected fenestrated capillaries - supplied by afferent arteriole - drained by efferent arteriole - podocytes form filatration slits






18. 2/3 of all useful solute reabsorbed ie Na+ - K+ - Cl- - HCO3- - organic molecule - glucose - amino acids (TRANSPORT MAXIMUM based on saturatino of membrane transport proteins)






19. The Origin of Species 1859

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20. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






21. Sum of all alleles






22. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






23. Some animals move around to increase decrease temperature (pray themselves with water/dust - find shade - put on clothing)






24. The Origin of Species 1859

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25. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






26. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






27. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on variation in their traits






28. Like in butterfly - often give organism an survival and mating advantage-- however homozygotes will always exist as children of heterozygotes






29. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






30. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






31. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






32. In annelids ie earthworms - coelomic fluid is swept through by cilia and tubule cells actively reabsorb good molecules and secret others - exits as urine






33. Main excretory organ of vertebrates: 1. specialized tubules of epithelial cell - 2. salt and water homeostasis - 3. Nitrogeneous waste elimination 4.Renal cortex= filtration - renal medulla = filtration concentrated 5. milions of nephrons






34. Ability to compete for mates






35. 2/3 of all useful solute reabsorbed ie Na+ - K+ - Cl- - HCO3- - organic molecule - glucose - amino acids (TRANSPORT MAXIMUM based on saturatino of membrane transport proteins)






36. Most of the water in an animal's body located within its cells






37. Different form of a gene






38. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






39. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






40. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






41. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






42. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






43. Occurs when ingested nutrients enter the blood stream from the GI tract






44. If directional selection occurs for generations - however can be stopped due to change in environment or when optimal phenotype reached (then stabilizing)






45. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






46. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






47. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)






48. Stable temperatures






49. Harmful mutation






50. What organisms look like and how they behave






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