Test your basic knowledge |

Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required






2. What organisms look like and how they behave






3. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






4. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






5. Bicarbonate ions (Co2+H2O= h2Co3= H+ + HCO3-) Co2 removed by lungs - H+ removed by urine






6. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






7. Creates new genes by inserting exons and flanking introns into a different gene sequence - there by introducing a new domain in the gene product






8. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on variation in their traits






9. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






10. Different form of a gene






11. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






12. Fluctuating temperatures






13. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






14. A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus - which results in the production of sex cells






15. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






16. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






17. Fine tuning of adaptive mechanisms (adjusts to climate/temperature- sweating begins sooner and is greater in volume)






18. Favors the mean - selection against any deleterious mutations (baby size)






19. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






20. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






21. The body's resting rate of energy expenditure






22. Humans do this through clothing






23. Stable temperatures






24. When an organisms phenotype influences ability to attract mates






25. Does not change the encoded amino acid. Occurs at highest rate (also synonymous substitution)






26. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






27. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






28. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






29. Most of the water in an animal's body located within its cells






30. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






31. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






32. Wallace






33. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






34. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






35. Hot fish have arteries closer to muscle to warm blood (countercurrent heat exchanger)- allows them to swim faster - catch prey






36. 1. If equal - then amino acid residue drifting neutrally 2. If nonsynon higher than sysnon - positive selection causing change in amino acid residue 3. If sysnon higher than nonsynon then purifying selection resisting change in amino acid residue (ly






37. Hormone - stimulates active transport of 3 Na+ out for every 2 K+ into tubule






38. Cells or organisms having two sets of chromosomes






39. Maintenance of stable conditions within the internal environment (temperature - PH level - ion concentrations - 02 levels - co2 levels - fuel molecules ie glucose)






40. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






41. Actively regulate osmolarity of their extracellular fluid (300 Mosm/L)






42. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






43. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






44. Species change over time - divergent species share a common ancestor - change is produced by natural selection






45. Ability to compete for mates






46. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






47. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






48. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius






49. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)






50. If directional selection occurs for generations - however can be stopped due to change in environment or when optimal phenotype reached (then stabilizing)