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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






2. Humans do this through clothing






3. Occurs when GI tract is empty of nutrients so body's stores are used






4. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






5. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area






6. Made by pancreas - binds to cell surface receptor and stimulates singaling pathway - faciliates glucose diffusion into cell (secretion rises when blood glucose rises - eating - or parasympathetic stimulation ie negative feedback)






7. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






8. Native to one location and no where else






9. Harmful mutation






10. In medulla - run parrallel to loops of Henlue and medullary collecting ducts - minimize excessive loss of solutes via diffusion






11. Allow extracellular fluid to equilibrate with seawater






12. Sum of all alleles






13. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required






14. 1. Must consume more food - run risk of overheating (hyperthermia) - restricted to water plentiful environments






15. In ECM - protein fibers makeup cartilage and bone (mineralized) - ECM of plasma liquid - Adipose=fat cells - energy storing






16. Trait with true indicator of ability to survive in local environment ie bull frogs lifespan can be determined by its size which determines how low it's voice is






17. Change in a single nucleotide in a DnA sequence






18. Changes the encoded amino acid-- usually deleterious (nonsynonymous substitution)






19. Low glucose level in blood






20. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






21. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






22. Releases fatty acids to diffuse into cells of the body - some used during absorptive phase for energy






23. Releases fatty acids to diffuse into cells of the body - some used during absorptive phase for energy






24. One loci






25. Hormone - stimulates active transport of 3 Na+ out for every 2 K+ into tubule






26. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)






27. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






28. Species change over time - divergent species share a common ancestor - change is produced by natural selection






29. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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30. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






31. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






32. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






33. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






34. Tissues other than skeletal muscles produce metabolic heat by uncoulping oxidative phosphorylation (burn fuel without producing ATP)






35. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






36. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






37. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






38. Low glucose level in blood






39. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






40. 1. Ectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm






41. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






42. Individuals interacting at a given time and place






43. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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44. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)






45. Allow individual genes - organelles or fragments of genomes to move horizontally from one lineage to another (virus take genes from one host to new host or mitochondria/chloroplasts)






46. In medulla - run parrallel to loops of Henlue and medullary collecting ducts - minimize excessive loss of solutes via diffusion






47. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






48. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






49. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






50. Q10= Rt/Rt-10 (rate of process or reaction - and rate at 10 degreed celcius lower)-- If not sensititve - Q10 is usually 1 - generally between 2 and 3