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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form






2. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






3. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






4. Occurs when ingested nutrients enter the blood stream from the GI tract






5. Deleterious mutations in a non-recombining genome accumulate at each replication (asexual reproductivity)


6. What organisms look like and how they behave






7. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






8. Amplifies deviation frokm set point






9. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)






10. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect






11. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






12. Copies of genes that are no longer functional






13. Q10= Rt/Rt-10 (rate of process or reaction - and rate at 10 degreed celcius lower)-- If not sensititve - Q10 is usually 1 - generally between 2 and 3






14. Occurs when ingested nutrients enter the blood stream from the GI tract






15. Main excretory organ of vertebrates: 1. specialized tubules of epithelial cell - 2. salt and water homeostasis - 3. Nitrogeneous waste elimination 4.Renal cortex= filtration - renal medulla = filtration concentrated 5. milions of nephrons






16. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






17. Total number of individuals in a population






18. 1. Filtration 2. Reaborption 3. Secretion (Kidney can perform well with only 10% of nephrons functioning)






19. Generate their own heat - maintain relatively constant body temperature - BMR measured in thermoneutral zone (birds and mammals)






20. Change in a single nucleotide in a DnA sequence






21. Functional unit of kidney - millions per - renal corpuscle forms filtrate - tubule performs secretion and reabsorption






22. Ability to compete for mates






23. Low glucose level in blood






24. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






25. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






26. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






27. Any change in the nucleotide sequences of an organism's DNA (deleterious - neutral - beneficial)






28. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)






29. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






30. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






31. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






32. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






33. Creates new genes by inserting exons and flanking introns into a different gene sequence - there by introducing a new domain in the gene product






34. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






35. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






36. Neurons (generate and conduct electrical signals) and glial cells (release chemical signals)






37. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions






38. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






39. BMI of 30 or greater






40. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place


41. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)






42. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






43. Proportion of allele in population






44. Individuals interacting at a given time and place






45. Hot fish have arteries closer to muscle to warm blood (countercurrent heat exchanger)- allows them to swim faster - catch prey






46. Hot fish have arteries closer to muscle to warm blood (countercurrent heat exchanger)- allows them to swim faster - catch prey






47. The Origin of Species 1859


48. One loci






49. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






50. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)