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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What organisms look like and how they behave






2. Fluctuating temperatures






3. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






4. Made by pancreas - binds to cell surface receptor and stimulates singaling pathway - faciliates glucose diffusion into cell (secretion rises when blood glucose rises - eating - or parasympathetic stimulation ie negative feedback)






5. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






6. Amount of fuel used during a given time to power all of its metabolic requirement - = MR - sometimes appears as heat






7. Deleterious mutations in a non-recombining genome accumulate at each replication (asexual reproductivity)

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8. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






9. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






10. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)






11. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






12. Heat transfer when two objects come into direct contact (icepack on sprained ankle)






13. Neurons (generate and conduct electrical signals) and glial cells (release chemical signals)






14. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius






15. Like in butterfly - often give organism an survival and mating advantage-- however homozygotes will always exist as children of heterozygotes






16. The Origin of Species 1859

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17. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






18. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






19. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






20. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






21. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






22. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides






23. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






24. Changes the encoded amino acid-- usually deleterious (nonsynonymous substitution)






25. What organisms look like and how they behave






26. 1. Ectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm






27. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required






28. Wallace






29. Body temp changes with enviro - BMR measured at standard temp for each species - SMR or standard metabolic rate (fish - ambhibia - reptiles)






30. Glycogen hodrolysis in liver






31. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






32. Hot fish have arteries closer to muscle to warm blood (countercurrent heat exchanger)- allows them to swim faster - catch prey






33. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






34. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments






35. Body temp changes with enviro - BMR measured at standard temp for each species - SMR or standard metabolic rate (fish - ambhibia - reptiles)






36. Amount of fuel used during a given time to power all of its metabolic requirement - = MR - sometimes appears as heat






37. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






38. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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39. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






40. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






41. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)






42. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






43. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






44. Made by pancreas - binds to cell surface receptor and stimulates singaling pathway - faciliates glucose diffusion into cell (secretion rises when blood glucose rises - eating - or parasympathetic stimulation ie negative feedback)






45. In annelids ie earthworms - coelomic fluid is swept through by cilia and tubule cells actively reabsorb good molecules and secret others - exits as urine






46. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required






47. When an organisms phenotype influences ability to attract mates






48. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on variation in their traits






49. Cells or organisms having two sets of chromosomes






50. Different form of a gene