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Test your basic knowledge |
Bio 101: Harvard
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bicarbonate ions (Co2+H2O= h2Co3= H+ + HCO3-) Co2 removed by lungs - H+ removed by urine
MR equation
Habitat
Major blood buffer
Insulin
2. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis
Fever
Glucose Transporters
Heat budget equation
Heterotherms
3. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions
Metabolic rate
Major blood buffer
Excretory organs
Feedforward information
4. 1. If equal - then amino acid residue drifting neutrally 2. If nonsynon higher than sysnon - positive selection causing change in amino acid residue 3. If sysnon higher than nonsynon then purifying selection resisting change in amino acid residue (ly
Neutral Theory
Genotype frequency
Vestigial structures
Nonsynonymous vs synonymous
5. Cover inner and outer surface areas - secrete substances - selective barriers - transport - cilia or sensory
Vestigial structures
Genotype frequency
Epithelial tissue
Hardy Weinberg equilibrium
6. ADH- increase number of water channels - allows more water to leave duct - urine volume decreases
Other guy who came up with natural selection
Antidiuretic hormone
Loop of Henle
Nitrogenous wastes
7. Fluctuating temperatures
Exon shuffling
Bowman's capsule
Absorbed triglycerides
Heterotherms
8. Several loci
Quantitative
Homeostasis
Genetic structure
Alleles
9. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle
Glucose Transporters
Bowman's capsule
Ketones
Tubule
10. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)
Fitness
Negative feedback
Epithelial tissue
Neutral Theory
11. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)
Psuedogenes
Dobzhansky Muller Model
Lateral gene transfer
Vestigial structures
12. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect
Hemodialysis
Ectotherms
Founder effect
Vasa recta
13. Allele and genotype frequencies
Adaptation
Genetic structure
Electrolytes
Aldosterone
14. Proportion of allele in population
Allele frequency
Heterozygote populations
Loop of Henle
Exon shuffling
15. Extracellular fluid - including blood/plasma (Allow cells to take in nutrients and remove waste)
Interstitial fluid
Glycogenolysis
Non shivering thermogensis
Vestigial structures
16. Proportion of genotype in population
Genotype frequency
Nonsynonymous vs synonymous
Quantitative
Directional selection
17. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect
Founder effect
Habitat patches
Interstitial fluid
Positive feedback
18. Proportion of genotype in population
Metabolic rate
Glomerulus
Genotype frequency
Evolutionary trend
19. Change in a single nucleotide in a DnA sequence
Nucleotide Substitution
Geographic Range
Bowman's capsule
Homeostasis
20. Occurs when ingested nutrients enter the blood stream from the GI tract
Absorptive phase
Natural selection
Vestigial structures
Quantitative
21. Different form of a gene
Temperature sensitivity
Stabilizing Selection
P53
Alleles
22. Total number of individuals in a population
Gene pool
Epithelial tissue
Population size
Disruptive selection
23. Q10= Rt/Rt-10 (rate of process or reaction - and rate at 10 degreed celcius lower)-- If not sensititve - Q10 is usually 1 - generally between 2 and 3
Convection
Temperature sensitivity
Nucleotide Substitution
Qualitative
24. Excrete ammonia
Founder effect
Ammonotelic
Muscle tissue
Brown fat
25. One loci
Qualitative
Reabsorption
Non shivering thermogensis
Thermoneutral zone (TNZ)
26. Heat transfer when two objects come into direct contact (icepack on sprained ankle)
Endotherms
3 disadvantages of endotherms
Endotherms
Conduction
27. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population
Metabolic rate
Microevolution
Bowman's capsule
Glucose Transporters
28. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area
Cold fish vs hot fish
Size in BMR
Lateral gene transfer
Three theories of Darwin
29. Shifts mean towards one extreme (positive selection) ie long horned cows
Calorie
Intrasexual Selection
Directional selection
Glomerular Filtration Rate
30. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)
Excretory organs
Population density
Alleles
P53
31. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)
Molecular Evolution
Artificial directional selection
Exon shuffling
Darwin's book
32. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)
Radiation
Habitat
Tubule
Thermoneutral zone (TNZ)
33. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides
Excess Glucose
Founder effect
Interstitial fluid
Diploid
34. Individuals interacting at a given time and place
Metabolic rate
Population
Fitness
Three theories of Darwin
35. Reuglated rise in body temp caused by a rise in the hypothalamic set point for metabloic heat production (fights pathogrens - and increased production of white blood cells)
Psuedogenes
Nucleotide Substitution
Calorie
Fever
36. 1. Must consume more food - run risk of overheating (hyperthermia) - restricted to water plentiful environments
Silent substitution
Gene Flow
Quantitative
3 disadvantages of endotherms
37. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans
Aldosterone
Artificial selection
Qualitative
Brown fat
38. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required
Intrasexual Selection
Heterochrony
Ketones
Hemodialysis
39. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)
Fever
Brown fat
Nitrogenous wastes
Aldosterone
40. A sudden change to population that causes large changes in allele frequencies over time ie population bottleneck
Ketones
Gene Flow
Genetic Drift
Genetic structure
41. Stable temperatures
Homeotherms
Silent substitution
Hypothalamus
Darwin's book
42. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs
Hypothalamus
Dobzhansky Muller Model
Gluconeogenesis
Habitat patches
43. Most of the water in an animal's body located within its cells
Macroevolution
Intracellular fluid
P53
Allele frequency formula
44. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)
Bowman's capsule
Artificial directional selection
Genotype frequency
Negative feedback
45. Descending loop permeable to waterbut not solutes - ascending not permeable to water and actively transports salts out (desert animals - long Henles - freshwater fish - no Henle)
Hypoglycemia
Loop of Henle
Lateral gene transfer
Missense Substitution
46. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)
Population density
Positive feedback
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Muller's Ratchet
47. Wallace
Population
Malpighian tubules
Genotype frequency
Other guy who came up with natural selection
48. Hormone - stimulates active transport of 3 Na+ out for every 2 K+ into tubule
Metabolism
Dehydration
Nucleotide Substitution
Aldosterone
49. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions
Calorie
Ectotherms
Metabolic rate
Stabilizing Selection
50. Short term control of feeding - stretch receptors in stomach and small intestines sens signals to the brain - realease hormones to supress appetite
Meiosis
Satiation
Endotherms
Convection