SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Bio 101: Harvard
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. BMI of 30 or greater
Excess Glucose
Lateral gene transfer
Obesity
Osmoregulators
2. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population
Behavioral thermoregulatory adaptation
Insulin
Microevolution
Brown fat
3. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)
Osmolarity
Gluconeogenesis
Why Hardy Weinberg is Important
Excretory system functions
4. Glucose-used to syntheisize ATP (and triglycerides) - galactose - and fructose
Chief monomers absorbed
Microevolution
Temperature sensitivity
Individuals do not evolve
5. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)
Metanephridia
Malpighian tubules
Lower critical temperature
Endemic
6. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)
Artificial directional selection
Glucose Transporters
Secretion
Genotype frequency
7. What organisms look like and how they behave
Selfing
Phenotype
Diploid
Homeotherms
8. Amplifies deviation frokm set point
3 germ layers
Absorbed triglycerides
Honest signal
Positive feedback
9. Reuglated rise in body temp caused by a rise in the hypothalamic set point for metabloic heat production (fights pathogrens - and increased production of white blood cells)
Heterozygote populations
Obesity
Allele frequency
Fever
10. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)
Interstitial fluid
Aldosterone
Allele frequency formula
Exon shuffling
11. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area
Size in BMR
Electrolytes
Missense Substitution
Cold fish vs hot fish
12. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog
Artificial selection
Missense Substitution
Muller's Ratchet
P53
13. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides
Molecular Evolution
Absorbed amino acids
Malpighian tubules
Glomerulus
14. Individuals interacting at a given time and place
Population
Genetic Drift
Genotype frequency
Molecular Evolution
15. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population
Psuedogenes
Artificial directional selection
Microevolution
Cold fish vs hot fish
16. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form
Feedforward information
Gastrulation
Osmoregulators
Nephron
17. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco
Endemic
Chief monomers absorbed
Bowman's capsule
Gene duplication
18. Prolonged energy source for many tissues - and brain - less protein breakdown required
Lateral gene transfer
Dobzhansky Muller Model
Intrasexual Selection
Ketones
19. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on variation in their traits
MR equation
Feedforward information
Natural selection
Alleles
20. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)
Evaporation
Homeostasis
Vestigial structures
Nervous tissue
21. Bicarbonate ions (Co2+H2O= h2Co3= H+ + HCO3-) Co2 removed by lungs - H+ removed by urine
Endemic
Gluconeogenesis
Lower critical temperature
Major blood buffer
22. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)
Thermoneutral zone (TNZ)
Heterozygote populations
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Disruptive selection
23. Allow individual genes - organelles or fragments of genomes to move horizontally from one lineage to another (virus take genes from one host to new host or mitochondria/chloroplasts)
Homeotherms
Osmolarity
Insulin
Lateral gene transfer
24. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)
Size in BMR
Vestigial structures
Aldosterone
Ectotherms
25. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)
Quantitative
Population density
Dobzhansky Muller Model
Founder effect
26. Sum of all alleles
Founder effect
Gene pool
Interstitial fluid
Behavioral thermoregulatory adaptation
27. Proportion of allele in population
Thermal insulation
Allele frequency
Convection
Honest signal
28. Releases fatty acids to diffuse into cells of the body - some used during absorptive phase for energy
Conduction
Lipoprotein lipase
Metabolism
Basal Metabolic Rate
29. 1. Most variation caused by neutral changes - do not confer advantage or disadvantage. 2. Since netural mutation is constant - can be used as a molecular clock to calculate divergence btwn species. 3. Neutral mutations not dependent on population siz
Intrasexual Selection
Evaporation
Neutral Theory
Muscle tissue
30. Trait with true indicator of ability to survive in local environment ie bull frogs lifespan can be determined by its size which determines how low it's voice is
Fitness
Geographic Range
Honest signal
Tubule
31. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog
Allele frequency
Daily torpor
Excess Glucose
P53
32. Generate their own heat - maintain relatively constant body temperature - BMR measured in thermoneutral zone (birds and mammals)
Dehydration
Phenotype
Endotherms
Nervous tissue
33. Two or more homologous genes found in different species
Phenotype
Orthologs
Nonsynonymous vs synonymous
Bowman's capsule
34. Thermostat of the brain (when cooled - constricts blood vessels in skin and increases metabolic heat production= body temp increases)
Metanephridia
Hypothalamus
Directional selection
Natural selection
35. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life
Diploid
Metabolism
Stabilizing Selection
Mutation
36. Fluctuating temperatures
Hypothalamus
Heterotherms
Individuals do not evolve
3 germ layers
37. Change salt water balance: 1. respiration - 2. metabolism - 3. waste elimination - 4. food ingestion 5. body temperature regulation
Nonsynonymous vs synonymous
Phenotype
Non shivering thermogensis
Obligatory Exchanges
38. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills
Selfing
Gluconeogenesis
Leptin
Disruptive selection
39. Different form of a gene
3 germ layers
Alleles
Three theories of Darwin
Disruptive selection
40. Descending loop permeable to waterbut not solutes - ascending not permeable to water and actively transports salts out (desert animals - long Henles - freshwater fish - no Henle)
Cold fish vs hot fish
Leptin
Loop of Henle
Chief monomers absorbed
41. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)
Heterotherms
Phenotype
Allele frequency formula
Heterotopy
42. Region where species are found (densities are zero elsewhere)
Absorbed triglycerides
Connective tissue
Exon shuffling
Geographic Range
43. Daily decline of body temp to save energy (bouts of torpor last mustiple days in hibernation)
Leptin
Daily torpor
Microevolution
Nephron
44. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper
Silent substitution
Heterochrony
Alleles
Glucose Transporters
45. A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus - which results in the production of sex cells
Fever
Ketones
Meiosis
Gene Flow
46. Ability to compete for mates
Intrasexual Selection
Secretion
Habitat patches
Dehydration
47. Species change over time - divergent species share a common ancestor - change is produced by natural selection
Three theories of Darwin
Energy expenditure
Population
Sexual recombination vs asexual reproduction
48. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)
Gene Flow
3 germ layers
Obesity
Heterochrony
49. Individuals interacting at a given time and place
3 disadvantages of endotherms
Metabolic rate
Endemic
Population
50. Stable temperatures
Size in BMR
Homeotherms
Metabolism
Intrasexual Selection