Test your basic knowledge |

Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Different form of a gene






2. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






3. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






4. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






5. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form






6. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






7. Secrete penicillin - toxins - K+ and H+






8. Wallace






9. Changes set point altogether (being awake - daytime activity - disease - skin temperature)






10. Thermostat of the brain (when cooled - constricts blood vessels in skin and increases metabolic heat production= body temp increases)






11. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






12. Change salt water balance: 1. respiration - 2. metabolism - 3. waste elimination - 4. food ingestion 5. body temperature regulation






13. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






14. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






15. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






16. 1. Ectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm






17. Populations do






18. Several loci






19. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect






20. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






21. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)






22. Populations do






23. Creates new genes by inserting exons and flanking introns into a different gene sequence - there by introducing a new domain in the gene product






24. Allow individual genes - organelles or fragments of genomes to move horizontally from one lineage to another (virus take genes from one host to new host or mitochondria/chloroplasts)






25. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)






26. Low glucose level in blood






27. ADH- increase number of water channels - allows more water to leave duct - urine volume decreases






28. Changes the encoded amino acid-- usually deleterious (nonsynonymous substitution)






29. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions






30. Total number of individuals in a population






31. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






32. Stable temperatures






33. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






34. Allele and genotype frequencies






35. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






36. Outcrops of species due to suitable habitats separated by areas of unsuitable habitat






37. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






38. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






39. Amount of fuel used during a given time to power all of its metabolic requirement - = MR - sometimes appears as heat






40. In ECM - protein fibers makeup cartilage and bone (mineralized) - ECM of plasma liquid - Adipose=fat cells - energy storing






41. 1. No mutation 2. No differential selection among genotypes 3. There is no gene flow 4. Population size is infinite 5. Mating is random






42. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






43. Shifts mean towards one extreme (positive selection) ie long horned cows






44. Short term control of feeding - stretch receptors in stomach and small intestines sens signals to the brain - realease hormones to supress appetite






45. Changes at the DNA - RNA and protein scale






46. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






47. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions






48. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






49. 1. Regulate volume of fluid in body 2. regulate osmolarity - 3. Maintain Ca2+ - H+ - NA+ (ionic regulation) 4. eliminate nitrogenous wastes produced by protein and nucleic acid catabolism (URINE)






50. Maintenance of stable conditions within the internal environment (temperature - PH level - ion concentrations - 02 levels - co2 levels - fuel molecules ie glucose)