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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deleterious mutations in a non-recombining genome accumulate at each replication (asexual reproductivity)


2. Continuous within Bowman's capsule - Loop of Henle






3. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






4. High denisty of mitochodira abnd blood vessels (good at non shivering thermogensis)






5. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






6. Ability to compete for mates






7. Major cell movement - 3 germ layers form






8. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






9. Q10= Rt/Rt-10 (rate of process or reaction - and rate at 10 degreed celcius lower)-- If not sensititve - Q10 is usually 1 - generally between 2 and 3






10. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






11. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






12. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place


13. Different form of a gene






14. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






15. 1. Must consume more food - run risk of overheating (hyperthermia) - restricted to water plentiful environments






16. Body temp changes with enviro - BMR measured at standard temp for each species - SMR or standard metabolic rate (fish - ambhibia - reptiles)






17. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






18. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






19. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






20. Product of protein and nucleic acid degradation: 1. Ammonia (NH3) - 2. Urea (lose lots of water)-humans are ureotelic - 3. Uric acid (lose little water)






21. Daily decline of body temp to save energy (bouts of torpor last mustiple days in hibernation)






22. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






23. Humans do this through clothing






24. One loci






25. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






26. Change in allele frequencies that occur over time in a population






27. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






28. Short term control of feeding - stretch receptors in stomach and small intestines sens signals to the brain - realease hormones to supress appetite






29. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






30. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place


31. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






32. Populations do






33. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






34. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






35. Some animals move around to increase decrease temperature (pray themselves with water/dust - find shade - put on clothing)






36. The Origin of Species 1859


37. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






38. Stored as either glycogen in liver or as triglycerides






39. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius






40. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






41. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






42. Maintenance of stable conditions within the internal environment (temperature - PH level - ion concentrations - 02 levels - co2 levels - fuel molecules ie glucose)






43. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides






44. Outcrops of species due to suitable habitats separated by areas of unsuitable habitat






45. Some animals move around to increase decrease temperature (pray themselves with water/dust - find shade - put on clothing)






46. Taken up by all body cells - used to synthesize proteins - excess converted into fatty acids and then triglycerides






47. Blood into dialyzer (acts as filtrater) to create artificaill countercurrent exchange system






48. Change in a single nucleotide in a DnA sequence






49. Too large to diffuse across plasma membrane so they are digested into monoglycerides and fatty acids - diffused through epithelial cells - re-synthesized into triglycerides - packaged into chylomicrons for lymph & blood transport






50. 1. Must consume more food - run risk of overheating (hyperthermia) - restricted to water plentiful environments