Test your basic knowledge |

Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Creates new genes by inserting exons and flanking introns into a different gene sequence - there by introducing a new domain in the gene product






2. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






3. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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4. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






5. Proportion of allele in population






6. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)






7. Descending loop permeable to waterbut not solutes - ascending not permeable to water and actively transports salts out (desert animals - long Henles - freshwater fish - no Henle)






8. Native to one location and no where else






9. Body temp changes with enviro - BMR measured at standard temp for each species - SMR or standard metabolic rate (fish - ambhibia - reptiles)






10. Like in butterfly - often give organism an survival and mating advantage-- however homozygotes will always exist as children of heterozygotes






11. Fluctuating temperatures






12. Amount of fuel used during a given time to power all of its metabolic requirement - = MR - sometimes appears as heat






13. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






14. Cover inner and outer surface areas - secrete substances - selective barriers - transport - cilia or sensory






15. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






16. Native to one location and no where else






17. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance - imbalance can alter membrane potentials/disrupt cell activities






18. BMI of 30 or greater






19. When a few pioneers colonize a new region - they possess fewer alleles than their source population creating a bottleneck effect






20. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






21. Reuglated rise in body temp caused by a rise in the hypothalamic set point for metabloic heat production (fights pathogrens - and increased production of white blood cells)






22. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






23. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






24. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






25. If directional selection occurs for generations - however can be stopped due to change in environment or when optimal phenotype reached (then stabilizing)






26. Descending loop permeable to waterbut not solutes - ascending not permeable to water and actively transports salts out (desert animals - long Henles - freshwater fish - no Henle)






27. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions






28. Populations do






29. Number of individuals per unit of area/volume (dynamic - change over time)






30. ADH- increase number of water channels - allows more water to leave duct - urine volume decreases






31. Fine tuning of adaptive mechanisms (adjusts to climate/temperature- sweating begins sooner and is greater in volume)






32. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






33. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






34. In medulla - run parrallel to loops of Henlue and medullary collecting ducts - minimize excessive loss of solutes via diffusion






35. Ability to compete for mates






36. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






37. Secrete penicillin - toxins - K+ and H+






38. Neurons (generate and conduct electrical signals) and glial cells (release chemical signals)






39. Harmful mutation






40. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)






41. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area






42. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






43. Wallace






44. Main excretory organ of vertebrates: 1. specialized tubules of epithelial cell - 2. salt and water homeostasis - 3. Nitrogeneous waste elimination 4.Renal cortex= filtration - renal medulla = filtration concentrated 5. milions of nephrons






45. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments






46. Proportion of genotype in population






47. Trait with true indicator of ability to survive in local environment ie bull frogs lifespan can be determined by its size which determines how low it's voice is






48. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






49. A sudden change to population that causes large changes in allele frequencies over time ie population bottleneck






50. Proportion of allele in population