Test your basic knowledge |

Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)






2. A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus - which results in the production of sex cells






3. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population based on specific traits chosen by humans






4. Proportion of allele in population






5. Cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and where filtration takes place

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6. Harmful mutation






7. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius






8. Heat transfer when two objects come into direct contact (icepack on sprained ankle)






9. Skeletal muscle (major consumer of glucose) - cardiac muscle - smooth muscle (gut - bladder and blood vessels)






10. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






11. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






12. Does not change the encoded amino acid. Occurs at highest rate (also synonymous substitution)






13. Heat transfers to a surrounding medium ie air or water via surface






14. Different form of a gene






15. Heat transfers from warmer objects to cooler ones via infrared radiation (radiation absorbed or emitted)






16. Heat transfers from warmer objects to cooler ones via infrared radiation (radiation absorbed or emitted)






17. Heat transfer when two objects come into direct contact (icepack on sprained ankle)






18. When an organisms phenotype influences ability to attract mates






19. Total number of individuals in a population






20. Creates new genes by inserting exons and flanking introns into a different gene sequence - there by introducing a new domain in the gene product






21. Change in relative frequency of the genotype from one generation to the next






22. Heat in must equal heat out - or body temperature changes (metabolism + Rabs= Rout+convection - conduction and evaporation)






23. 1. Both copies retain original function 2. Both copies able to produce original gene product - but expression diverges in different tissues or at different times in development 3. One copy may become psuedogene 4. One copy maintains function and seco






24. Ability to compete for mates






25. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






26. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






27. Individuals interacting at a given time and place






28. Heat transfers away from a sruface due to evaporation (expensive to sweat and pant - burn more calories)






29. Glucose-used to syntheisize ATP (and triglycerides) - galactose - and fructose






30. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






31. Below TNZ must increase metabolic heat production (shivering increase four times above BMR)






32. Deleterious mutations in a non-recombining genome accumulate at each replication (asexual reproductivity)

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33. In annelids ie earthworms - coelomic fluid is swept through by cilia and tubule cells actively reabsorb good molecules and secret others - exits as urine






34. 1. No mutation 2. No differential selection among genotypes 3. There is no gene flow 4. Population size is infinite 5. Mating is random






35. Sum of all alleles






36. Rate at which an organism uses energy to power these reactions






37. Produced in adipose tissue in proportion to fat mass - leptin reduces appetite through hypothalamus (increases BMR). Decrease in leptin decreases BMR - increases appetite






38. Location (pelvis in fish)-- Where gene effects - BMP4 causing webs to apoptosis






39. MR= K(Tb-Ta) K is the slope of thermal conductancce - how readily the animal loses heat






40. Reuglated rise in body temp caused by a rise in the hypothalamic set point for metabloic heat production (fights pathogrens - and increased production of white blood cells)






41. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






42. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)






43. Liver converts no carbs into glucose (lipolysis-fatty acids and glycerol to glucose)






44. BMI of 30 or greater






45. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments






46. Trait with true indicator of ability to survive in local environment ie bull frogs lifespan can be determined by its size which determines how low it's voice is






47. Change salt water balance: 1. respiration - 2. metabolism - 3. waste elimination - 4. food ingestion 5. body temperature regulation






48. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






49. Environments where species can survive within their geographic range






50. Stable temperatures