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Bio 101: Harvard

Subjects : science, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






2. Humans do this through clothing






3. Fine tuning of adaptive mechanisms (adjusts to climate/temperature- sweating begins sooner and is greater in volume)






4. Occurs when ingested nutrients enter the blood stream from the GI tract






5. Shifts mean towards one extreme (positive selection) ie long horned cows






6. Any change in the nucleotide sequences of an organism's DNA (deleterious - neutral - beneficial)






7. Inherited but no use (whale pelvis)






8. Hormone - stimulates active transport of 3 Na+ out for every 2 K+ into tubule






9. 1. Filtration 2. Reaborption 3. Secretion (Kidney can perform well with only 10% of nephrons functioning)






10. Insects have these which transport uric acid - postassium ions and sodium ions into tubules - but ercovers water (allows insects to live in dry environments






11. Refers to all the bodily activities and chemical reactions in an organism that maintain life






12. Thermostat of the brain (when cooled - constricts blood vessels in skin and increases metabolic heat production= body temp increases)






13. Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs






14. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






15. Migration of individuals and movements of gametes between populations (can add new allelles or change Allele frequency)






16. Two or more homologous genes found in different species






17. Humans do this through clothing






18. Like in butterfly - often give organism an survival and mating advantage-- however homozygotes will always exist as children of heterozygotes






19. Change in a single nucleotide in a DnA sequence






20. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






21. Native to one location and no where else






22. A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus - which results in the production of sex cells






23. Self fertilization - homozygous genotypes increase - heterozygous genotypes decrease






24. MR is at minimal level combatible with all physiological functionsfor homestastis (BMR level)






25. 2NAA + NAa/2N is p and 2aa + NAa/2N is q (however similar frequencies can have very different genotype frequencies)






26. The creation of bimodal distribution (both extremes favored) ie Bird bills






27. (GLUTS) move to surface - inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis






28. 20%of plasma leaves capillaries and filters into bowman's space. GFR= Rate of filtrate production (controlled by dilation and constriction of afferent arteriole)






29. Proportion of genotype in population






30. Feedback information used to counteract the influence that created the error signal (stabilizes back to set point)






31. 1. No mutation 2. No differential selection among genotypes 3. There is no gene flow 4. Population size is infinite 5. Mating is random






32. Heat production = volume - but heat loss= Surface Area






33. Harmful mutation






34. Favors the mean - selection against any deleterious mutations (baby size)






35. 2/3 of all useful solute reabsorbed ie Na+ - K+ - Cl- - HCO3- - organic molecule - glucose - amino acids (TRANSPORT MAXIMUM based on saturatino of membrane transport proteins)






36. Time (duration gene active) eg dolphin flipper






37. Skeletal muscle (major consumer of glucose) - cardiac muscle - smooth muscle (gut - bladder and blood vessels)






38. Sum of all alleles






39. Allow extracellular fluid to equilibrate with seawater






40. Fluctuating temperatures






41. Pxp is genotype for AA qxq is genotype for aa and pq is heterozygotes - model shows scientists what mechanisms are causing evolution (p+q=1 and p2 + 2pq+q2=1)






42. Change on scale at or above species - changes in separate gene pools






43. The number of osmoles of solute particles per liter of solvent - must be maintained between extracellular and intracellular fluid or cells can change volume and burst/die






44. Generate their own heat - maintain relatively constant body temperature - BMR measured in thermoneutral zone (birds and mammals)






45. Conversion of chemical bond energy in nutrients into the chemical bond energy in ATP - and use of ATP to do work produces heat as byproduct






46. Lack of water --> lack of body water - compromises the circulatory system and regulation of body temperature






47. Allow individual genes - organelles or fragments of genomes to move horizontally from one lineage to another (virus take genes from one host to new host or mitochondria/chloroplasts)






48. Heat transfers from warmer objects to cooler ones via infrared radiation (radiation absorbed or emitted)






49. Found in many animals and prevents cancer - an ortholog






50. Human based selection (ie cows with more milk or high fat content)







Sorry!:) No result found.

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