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Bio Engineering
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ______ Molecular weight degrades slower than lower MW
scars
Number of polymers - molecular weight of polymer
Heparin
Higher
2. Enzyme that really gets the polmerization going!
binding
Phagocytosis
Water
Thrombin
3. Collagen ____ is responsible for the gradual gain in mechanical properties of wounded tissue between roughly 4 and 52 weeks post- injury.
Free Radical
cross - linking
Number of polymers - molecular weight of polymer
phagocytosis
4. ____ is the process by which cells involved in inflammation internalize and destroy foreign material.
Amide
Phagocytosis
Mast - Collagen
Proteases
5. Are polymer additives used to lower glass transition temperature temperature.
free radical
Negative Feedback
stress
Plasticizers
6. Resulting from the build up of too much collagen at the surface of injury during the granulation tissue stage of proliferation
Metals
Polymers - cross linking of polymers
scars
autologous
7. A ____ implant is designed to elicit specific - intended to host responses.
Plasticizers
Lower
Regeneration/Repair
Bioactive
8. Where are the tissue factors found when they're inactivated
Phagocytosis
in cytoplasm
Permanent - replicate
Bioactive
9. The formation of rust due to corrosion in the body is due to the reaction between these 3 things ____ - ____ - and ____ .
Plastic
Permanent - replicate
Water - oxygen - metal
angiogenesis
10. Mast cells release this
Proteases
stress
Large
heparin
11. In order to produce a blood clot - thrombin cleaves/activates ____ and ____.
fibrinogen - factor XIII
Compression molding
Bioactive
Enzyme cascade
12. ____ is a measurement that characterizes the breadth of the distribution of a polymer's molecular weight.
Polydesperity index
Collagenase/Remodelling
binding
Negative Feedback
13. A molecular pathway in which the product of each reaction catalyzes the subsequent reaction.
Enzyme cascade
autologous
cross - linking
macrophages - proliferation
14. ____- are polymers that can be repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by cooling.
Thermoplastics
chemotaxis
Plasticizers
Proteases
15. Two things needed in the end product of the creation of a scab
Polymers - cross linking of polymers
phagocytosis
Metals
Enzyme cascade
16. High conductivity - isotropic - crystalline
Metals
Mast - Collagen
negative feedback
Phagocytosis
17. Process that makes long fibers (fiber drawing) by forcing a fluid through an oriface.
heparin
Extrusion
Intermolecular bonding - molecular weight
low
18. Higher Molecular weight degrades slower than ____ MW
Have to be in a clean room free of dust and biocontamination - expensive
Lower
cross - linking
Plasticizers
19. Type of fiber drawing that controls details of a polymer by etching on a microscopic level; thus - controlling mechanical properties as well
Plasticizers
micromachining
Proteases
Negative Feedback
20. The glass transition temperature of a poymer at which a polymer transforms from a ____ state to a ___ state.
Amide
low
glassy to rubbery
Thermoplastics
21. This type of feedback creates
negative feedback
Thrombin
Plasticizers
in cytoplasm
22. Essentially all metallic biomaterials are ____ - comprised of two or more metals. One of these metals is selected for its ability to support _____ - the formation of a stable oxide layer that resists further corrosion.
Proteases
alloys - passivation
Metals
Thrombin
23. The two types of white blood cells:
Hemophilia
binding
chemotaxis
neutrophils - macrophages
24. List two chemical characteristics of polymers:
Amide
free radical
Intermolecular bonding - molecular weight
Thermoplastics
25. The fatigue limit is the ___ below which the material can withstand an infinite number of cycles without failure
Stress
labile cells
Enzyme cascade
Lower
26. Classify the following polymers into appropriate families based on their bond structure i.e. the polymer is an example of poly ____.
Amide
mast cells
photoactive polymers
Stress
27. Keloid scars forms because disfuntion of
heparin
Collagenase
Large
scars
28. Cell found in the lining of the blood vessels that release heparin and are a part of the negative feedback system.
phagocytosis
Permanent - replicate
binding
mast cells
29. ____ binds to anti- thrombin III (thrombin inhibitor) and increases its potency 1000- fold.
low
Heparin
Have to be in a clean room free of dust and biocontamination - expensive
Macrophages
30. Cells that don't proliferate (neurons)
Permanent cells
phagocytosis
chemotaxis
heparin
31. What types of wound healing results from injury with inflammation?
Regeneration/Repair
Endothelial cells
Enzyme cascade
cycles
32. During granulation stage of proliferation - growth factors that produce this ____(answer)_____ that function in degrading fibrin and replacing it with collagen.
Proteases
Number of polymers - molecular weight of polymer
neutrophils - macrophages
cycles
33. The trigger for activation of enzymes (anything but endothelial cells!)
Proteases
Stable cells
Calibration
binding
34. Activates tissue factors aka endothelial damage
in cytoplasm
Hemophilia
Damage to cell membranes
Intermolecular bonding - molecular weight
35. Vascular endothelial growth factor is produced in response to ___ and stimulates ___.
hypoxin - angiogenesis
standards of known properties
Proteases
fibrinogen - factor XIII
36. The fatigue limit is value of applied stress below which a material will not fail no matter the number of ____ applied.
Polymers - cross linking of polymers
negative feedback
micromachining
cycles
37. _____ establishes a quantitative relationship between measured output values from an instrument and known standards of what is being measured.
Collagenase/Remodelling
Collagenase
Calibration
Number of polymers - molecular weight of polymer
38. Thrombin also activates protein C-- which deactivates earlier factors in the cascade is known as ___ ___.
Allogeneic
fibrinogen - factor XIII
Negative Feedback
Proteases
39. ____ grafts are derived from the other humans.
Compression molding
Allogeneic
Mast - Collagen
low
40. This cleaves into fibrinogen which creates fibrin (a sticky enzyme that allows blood to clot)
Phagocytosis
Calibration
Number of polymers - molecular weight of polymer
Thrombin
41. Drawback of micromaching
Proteases
Have to be in a clean room free of dust and biocontamination - expensive
cross - linking
alloys - passivation
42. Disfunction of _____ (cells) producing collagenase during the _____ phase of wound healing may form Keloid scars.
Damage to cell membranes
Proteases
alloys - passivation
macrophages - proliferation
43. Is directed cell migration in response to a concentration gradient of soluble molecules.
Damage to cell membranes
photoactive polymers
Chemotaxis
Hemophilia
44. Polyethylene oxide grafting to biomaterials was developed to prevent coagulation by interfering with/preventing ___ ___.
Protein Absorption
Calibration
Chemotaxis
heparin
45. The fibrous capsule surrounding a permanent implant is primarily composed of ___ cells and ____ (matrix).
Endothelial cells
Mast - Collagen
chemotaxis
Positive Feedback
46. What type of materials are used for photolithography? (substrate is a silicon wafer - built up material is some _____ ____ )
photoactive polymers
Negative Feedback
low
Macrophages
47. ____ are enzymes responsible for protein degradation.
Free Radical
Polydesperity index
Proteases
stress
48. Damaged cells at the site of injury (mast cells) release ___ (glycosaminoglycan).
Allogeneic
Endothelial cells
heparin
Collagenase
49. You're working on a square polymeric implant of 5cm length and 2mm thick. You've been asked to suggest a precise way to fabricate it - what would you suggest?
Extrusion
negative feedback
Stable cells
Compression molding
50. Cells that proliferate slowly over time (aka liver)
Compression molding
micromachining
Stable cells
Metals
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