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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The part of the root containing the vascular tissue?
1
aerobic
stele
ovary

2. Which pair goes along with pollination?
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
pollen:stigma
endodermis
pericarp

3. This structure in the ovary of a flower is responsible for producing a seed?
ovule
cellulose
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
region of maturation

4. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
modified stems
annual ring
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen

5. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
annual ring
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
imbibition

6. The main 'job' of the root is ____?
lose
conduction and absorption
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
oxygen

7. What is attached at the node?
axillary bud and leaf
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
vascular cambria
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen

8. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
annual ring
ovule
taproots
absorpion of minerals in solution

9. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
A - topsoil - grassland
pollen:stigma
ovary
apical meristem

10. A primary function of traechids is ___?
desert
parenchyma
transpiration
water conduction

11. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
parenchyma
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
bracts
ovary

12. Vessels are different from traechids because _____?
root hairs
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
potassium
prickles

13. The longest wavelength of energy reaching the earth from the sun is ___?
parenchyma
fruit
internode
red light

14. ____ is the stage of cellular respiration that takes place outside of the mitochondria?
glycolysis
annuals
fruit
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

15. An example of a multiple fruit would be the ___?
parenchyma
fig
pith
phloem

16. ___ roots of dicots penetrate very deeply to underground water while ____ roots of monocots remain close to the surfae and facilitate rapid absorption of surface water?
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
tap - fiblous
exocarp

17. During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis - ____?
having a special covering called the root cap
bulb
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
root hairs

18. Lignin is found primarily in ___?
sclerenchyma
pith
cortex
more stomata on the upper surface

19. White the basic chemical equation for photosynthesis indicating which parts are for the light dependent stage and which are part of the light independent stage?
bulb
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
mychorizea
NADPH

20. The dermal tissues of leaves have wha specialized cells to regulate gas exchange?
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
stamen; anther
guard cells
phloem

21. Pressure that develops within a living cell as the result of water entering the cell is called ___?
ovule
pith
turgor pressure
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

22. Because of greater light intensity and heat absorption on the upper surface of the leaf - the lower surface has ____?
diffuse out
more stomata on the upper surface
bulb
conduction and absorption

23. Briefly describe the development of vascular tissu by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
stamen; anther
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
leave the cell
callyx/corolla

24. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
lose
radicle
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
ovary

25. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and phloem is the ____?
exocarp
sweet potato
cambium
enter

26. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
all of the above are correct
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
potassium
horizon E

27. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
loam
potassium
vessel elements
stigma

28. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
absorpion of minerals in solution
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
rain
grasslands

29. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an _____?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
annual ring
tap - fiblous
mychorizea

30. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
terger
auxillary
internode
mychorizea

31. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
cambium
axillary bud
transpiration rates decrease
lignin

32. Which of the following is a specialized root for storage?
axillary bud and leaf
diffuse out
imbition
bulb

33. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
into the cell
3 carbon pathway
strawberry
pericarp

34. Root hairs are found in the region of the root called the ____?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
pneumatophoves
region of maturation
glycolysis

35. A conspicuous organelle at the light microscope level in cells of the palisade mesophyll would be ___?
penicilin
having a special covering called the root cap
water conduction
chloroplasts

36. Ultmately - how is energy moved around and created in living things?
K
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
imbition
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions

37. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
vascular bundles
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
NADPH
upper epidermal cells

38. Stems differ from roots in ____?
the presence of nodes and internodes
lose
cotyledon
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration

39. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
phelloderm
sclerenchyma
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

40. The space between the nodes of a stem is called the _____?
internode
cassava
all of the above are correct
guard cells

41. The endodermis works to direct water through its cells by having the presence of a waxy layer of suberin called the ____ around its cells n only one plane?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
fibrous
casperian strips
cotyledon

42. The part of the flower where seeds are produced is called the ___?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
ovary
the presence of nodes and internodes
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water

43. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
pericarp
internode
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
sweet potato

44. Not a specialized stem?
cassava
phloem
Irish potato
pollen:stigma

45. Which of the following woud NOT be a part of the vasulcar stele?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
cortex
ovary
annual ring

46. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
cotyledon
receptacle
tap - fiblous
vessel elements

47. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
grasslands
diffuse out

48. Why is an Irish/white potato classified as a modified stem?
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
vascular bundles
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr

49. Plants maintain a constant flow of water from the roots to the leaves through a process very critical to life on land called ____?
Irish (white) potato
transpiration
phloem
modified stems

50. Which of the following would NOT be part of the stele?
leave the cell
lignin
cortex
K

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Botany Basics

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