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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is attached at the node?
pith
base of grass leaves
having a special covering called the root cap
axillary bud and leaf

2. When humidity is low - ____ ?
transpiration rates increase
having a special covering called the root cap
inferior
annual ring

3. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ____?
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
stigma
pericarp
base of grass leaves

4. Because of greater light intensity and heat absorption on the upper surface of the leaf - the lower surface has ____?
annual ring
compound - simple
tap - fiblous
more stomata on the upper surface

5. The ground tissue of monocots is composed of ___?
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
parenchyma
sweet potato
vascular bundles

6. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
leave the cell
diffuse out
exocarp
potassium

7. Stoma are regulated by guard cells which swell or shrink due to movement of this specific ion in the stomata?
K
chloroplasts
fig
guard cells

8. Horizontal stems that grow just below the surface of the soil are called ____?
mycoorhizae
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
rhizomes
phloem

9. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
CHOPKNSCa
inferior
oxygen

10. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
phelloderm
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
imbibition
annual ring

11. Explain why a cucumber or tomato really should be referred to as a fruit?
mycoorhizae
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
cotyledon
phelloderm

12. Not a specialized leaf?
pith
Irish (white) potato
Irish potato
vessel elements

13. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
transpiration
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
1
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

14. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
lignin
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
stele
inferior

15. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
the presence of nodes and internodes
node
horizon E
1

16. The parts of a flower that form male gametes are the ____?
stamen; anther
stele
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
vessel elements

17. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
exocarp
stele
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
ovule

18. The main 'job' of the root is ____?
axillary bud and leaf
pericarp
annuals
conduction and absorption

19. Which of the following is a specialized leaf?
coconut
transpiration
rhizomes
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

20. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and the phloem is the ___?
vascular cambium
strawberry
all of the above are correct
inferior

21. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
guard cells
phloem
false
bracts

22. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
exocarp
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
internode
imbition

23. As best as you can - briefly describe the development of vascular tissue by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
exocarp
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
3 carbon pathway
false

24. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
stigma
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
base of grass leaves
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)

25. Why is an Irish/white potato classified as a modified stem?
guard cell and root hair
antenna pigments
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.

26. In nature depletion of mineral nutrients in the soil - interference with plant growth by excluding air - and the acceleration of the breakdown of nitrates in the soil is caused by too much ____?
1
coconut
rain
stem

27. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
A - topsoil - grassland
digitalis
chollenchyma
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

28. Which of the following woud NOT be a part of the vasulcar stele?
radicle
cortex
casperian strips
rain

29. The areas between the location of leaf attachments on the stem are called ___?
pith
internode
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
internodes

30. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
false
potassium
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
transpiration

31. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
antenna pigments
oxygen
tap - fiblous
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.

32. This cell type is important in monocot and dicot roots by helping to regulate what gets into the ___?
stolon/runner
endodermis
auxillary
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20

33. Not a specialized leaf?
mychorizea
Irish potato
vascular bundles
pith

34. Pressure that develops within a living cell as a result of water entering the cell is called ____?
rain
tungor
cellulose
ovary

35. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
receptacle
imbition
pressure-flow hypothesis
parenchyma

36. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
axillary bud and leaf
water molecules
having a special covering called the root cap
eristems

37. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
vascular bundles
inferior
taproots

38. Horizontal stems that produce roots and shoots are ___?
rhizomes
apical meristem
aerobic
diffuse out

39. During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis - ____?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
casperian strips
fruit

40. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
lignin
annuals
absorpion of minerals in solution
inferior

41. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is grater than the concentration on the outside - water will move ___?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
NADPH
into the cell
auxillary

42. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower are attached below the overy - the ovary is said to be ___?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
superia
pericarp
ovules

43. Which of the following drugs is NOT obtained from leaves?
loam
parenchyma
penicilin
coconut

44. Which fruit or seed is dispersed by water?
coconut
phelloderm
axillary bud and leaf
enter

45. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
false
cotyledon
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
coconut

46. What does the term 'C'HOPK'NS CaFe Mighty good' represent?
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
having a special covering called the root cap
cotyledon
inferior

47. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
3 carbon pathway
taproots
mycoorhizae
cotyledon

48. Which of the following is a specialized root?
into the cell
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
K
sweet potato

49. A primary function of traechids is ___?
internode
water conduction
fig
taproots

50. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
grasslands
auxillary
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
having a special covering called the root cap