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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which of the following is a micronutrient in terms of a plant's mineral requirements for growth?
more stomata on the upper surface
turgor pressure
manganese
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr

2. A cactus is classified as a modified ____?
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
axillary bud
stem
deciduous

3. Fruit forms from the ovary wall of a flower referred to a the ___?
deciduous
pericarp
vascular bundles
plasmolysis

4. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
axillary bud
root hairs
inferior
leave the cell

5. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
annuals
loam
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration

6. A leaf with leaflets is classified as a ____ leaf while a leaf with a single blade is classified as a ____ leaf?
all of the above are correct
stigma
compound - simple
exocarp

7. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is grater than the concentration on the outside - water will move ___?
into the cell
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
guard cell and root hair

8. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
into the cell
auxillary
annual ring

9. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
antenna pigments
ovary
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
absorpion of minerals in solution

10. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
chollenchyma
rhizomes
exocarp
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c

11. Roots differ from stems in ___?
grows back every year
eristems
axillary bud and leaf
all of the above are correct

12. Lignin is found primarily in ___?
grows back every year
sclerenchyma
enter
cassava

13. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the __?
receptacle
3 carbon pathway
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
lignin

14. Not a specialized leaf?
vascular bundles
Irish (white) potato
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
bulb

15. The part of the flower where seeds are produced is called the ___?
ovary
chloroplasts
sweet potato
chollenchyma

16. Which molecule is synthesized during the light reactions of photosynthesis by receiving electrons - becoming an eectron carrier molecule?
pneumatophoves
region of maturation
pith
NADPH

17. Horizontal stems that grow just below the surface of the soil are called ____?
dioecious; staminate
enter
parenchyma
rhizomes

18. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
into the cell
annual ring
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)

19. When a plant is fully saturated with water it is said to be high in ___ pressure wheras if it is low in water the plant is said to be flacid.
endodermis
strawberry
parenchyma
terger

20. Fungi which associate with roots to increase water absorption and mineral uptake are called ____?
receptacle
enter
fruit
mycoorhizae

21. The parts of a flower that form male gametes are the ____?
receptacle
desert
inferior
stamen; anther

22. The endodermis works to direct water through its cells by having the presence of a waxy layer of suberin called the ____ around its cells n only one plane?
internodes
into the cell
loam
casperian strips

23. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
prickles
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
casperian strips
absorpion of minerals in solution

24. Why is visible light good energy to use for photsynthesis?

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25. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
CHOPKNSCa
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
ovary
3 carbon pathway

26. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
Irish (white) potato
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
glycolysis
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above

27. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by the ___ levels in the guard cells?
phelloderm
annual ring
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
potassium

28. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
vascular cambium
node
pericarp
phloem

29. The longest wavelength of energy reaching the earth from the sun is ___?
red light
annuals
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
K

30. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
chollenchyma
pneumatophoves
grows back every year
NADPH

31. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
sweet potato
pith
eristems

32. The fungi symbiotically associated with roots are called ___?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
turgor pressure
mychorizea
stigma

33. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
phloem
false
coconut
water conduction

34. When humidity is low - ____ ?
annual ring
transpiration rates increase
rhizomes
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x

35. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
ovules
pith
enter
dioecious; staminate

36. Specialized roots that permit plants growing in water to facilitate
pneumatophoves
ovary
vascular bundles
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

37. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ____?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
imbibition
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
axillary buds

38. Grasses - or monocots - are examples of plants with a ____ root system?
horizon E
guard cell and root hair
fibrous
rhizomes

39. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
diffuse out
vessel elements
superia
terger

40. White the basic chemical equation for photosynthesis indicating which parts are for the light dependent stage and which are part of the light independent stage?
ovule
pith
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
node

41. The fleshy edible part of the strawberry is actually the ____?
transpiration
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
pericarp
axillary bud and leaf

42. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the ____?
pollen:stigma
superia
pith
callyx/corolla

43. Pressure that develops within a living cell as the result of water entering the cell is called ___?
phelloderm
tungor
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
turgor pressure

44. An example of an aggregate fruit would be the ___?
region of maturation
Irish (white) potato
axillary bud and leaf
strawberry

45. Roots differ from stems in ___?
all of the above are correct
A - topsoil - grassland
transpiration
endodermis

46. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
stele
pneumatophoves
CHOPKNSCa
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

47. Most cacti are __________ where the stem is responsible for the photosynthetic processes in the plant?
stigma
modified stems
transpiration rates increase
all of the above are correct

48. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
stigma
axillary buds
phloem
parenchyma

49. The main 'job' of the root is ____?
phloem
3 carbon pathway
cellulose
conduction and absorption

50. Not a specialized stem?
region of maturation
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
cassava
water conduction