Test your basic knowledge |

Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by the ___ levels in the guard cells?
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
rhizomes
potassium
Irish potato

2. The leaves of cacti are actually ____?
inferior
pericarp
prickles
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

3. When a plant is fully saturated with water it is said to be high in ___ pressure wheras if it is low in water the plant is said to be flacid.
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
enter
exocarp
terger

4. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
water molecules
potassium
parenchyma
into the cell

5. Flowering plants that complete their lie cycles in a single season are called ___?
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
fibrous
transpiration
annuals

6. Which of the following woud NOT be a part of the vasulcar stele?
cortex
annual ring
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
transpiration

7. Stoma are regulated by guard cells which swell or shrink due to movement of this specific ion in the stomata?
K
auxillary
water conduction
ovule

8. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an _____?
annual ring
transpiration
false
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.

9. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
fibrous
annual ring
grows back every year
water molecules

10. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
parenchyma
modified stems
dioecious; staminate
sweet potato

11. Roots differ from stems in ___?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
all of the above are correct
imbition
fig

12. You have a crop that is not doing well and you add a lot of fertilizer to help it out but this causes the crop to do worse. ExplaIn what has happened?
sweet potato
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
stamen; anther
node

13. As best as you can - briefly describe the development of vascular tissue by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
prickles
region of maturation
superia

14. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the __?
exocarp
receptacle
aerobic
ovary

15. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
transpiration rates can decrease
guard cells
vascular cambria
ovary

16. At present the most widely accepted theory for movement of substances in the phloem is called the ____?
pressure-flow hypothesis
cotyledon
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
receptacle

17. Which of the following drugs is NOT obtained from leaves?
pith
CHOPKNSCa
root hairs
penicilin

18. Which of the following cell types hs food conduction as a primary function?
region of maturation
callyx/corolla
phloem
anther

19. Which of the following is a micronutrient in terms of a plant's mineral requirements for growth?
horizon E
manganese
eristems
sweet potato

20. The discrete paches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ____?
all of the above are correct
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
receptacle
vascular bundles

21. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
grows back every year
1
ovary

22. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
stamen; anther
imbibition
receptacle

23. ___ roots of dicots penetrate very deeply to underground water while ____ roots of monocots remain close to the surfae and facilitate rapid absorption of surface water?
tap - fiblous
axillary bud
phelloderm
tungor

24. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue/cell type between the xylem and the phloem is the _____?
cotyledon
bulb
coconut
vascular cambria

25. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
rhizomes
antenna pigments
A - topsoil - grassland
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division

26. When the calyx - Corolla - and stamens of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
fig
inferior
bulb
casperian strips

27. A structure in the axil of an attached leaf that is apable of future growth to form a branch shoot is the ____?
axillary bud
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
vessels

28. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
vascular bundles
ovary
red light

29. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
chollenchyma
casperian strips
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
guard cells

30. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
base of grass leaves
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
vascular bundles
phloem

31. In nature depletion of mineral nutrients in the soil - interference with plant growth by excluding air - and the acceleration of the breakdown of nitrates in the soil is caused by too much ____?
prickles
rain
exocarp
into the cell

32. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
pericarp
vessels
callyx/corolla
axillary buds

33. When humidity is low - ___?
base of grass leaves
callyx/corolla
transpiration rates can decrease
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

34. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
node
K
A - topsoil - grassland
bulb

35. When a plant cell loses water and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall - the cell is said to be under going ____?
auxillary
potassium
plasmolysis
3 carbon pathway

36. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
stolon/runner
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
stigma
strawberry

37. The areas between the location of leaf attachments on the stem are called ___?
water conduction
stigma
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
internodes

38. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
3 carbon pathway
inferior
water molecules

39. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
prickles
exocarp
desert
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr

40. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
turgor pressure
rhizomes
mychorizea
phelloderm

41. The fungi symbiotically associated with roots are called ___?
K
cellulose
mychorizea
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water

42. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots leaves the same plant by the process of ____?
cambium
lose
Irish potato
transpiration

43. The ground tissue of monocots is composed of ___?
parenchyma
ovule
endodermis
transpiration rates increase

44. Which of the following drugs are NOT obtained from leaves?
digitalis
transpiration rates increase
A - topsoil - grassland
inferior

45. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
grasslands
horizon E
cortex
grows back every year

46. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
absorpion of minerals in solution
water molecules
prickles

47. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in monocot stems are called ____?
turgor pressure
vascular bundles
lose
region of maturation

48. Lignin is found primarily in ___?
sclerenchyma
mychorizea
cortex
glycolysis

49. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
ovary
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
inferior
cotyledon

50. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
guard cells
radicle
cotyledon