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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A primary function of traechids is ___?
water conduction
node
conduction and absorption
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

2. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
loam
internodes
root hairs
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c

3. Which of the following is a micronutrient in terms of a plant's mineral requirements for growth?
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
annual ring
callyx/corolla
manganese

4. Mitochondria are organelles responsible for ___?
aerobic
bracts
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
compound - simple

5. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
base of grass leaves
tungor
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
imbition

6. Briefly describe the development of vascular tissu by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
bracts
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
stigma
phloem

7. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
root hairs
ovules
diffuse out
exocarp

8. Root hairs are found in the region of the root called the ____?
region of maturation
sweet potato
more stomata on the upper surface
pneumatophoves

9. Which pair goes along with pollination?
Irish potato
pollen:stigma
phloem
mychorizea

10. Which is a type of epidermal cell?
receptacle
guard cell and root hair
more stomata on the upper surface
pericarp

11. When humidity is low - ____ ?
manganese
pressure-flow hypothesis
glycolysis
transpiration rates increase

12. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
modified stems
NADPH
receptacle
stamen; anther

13. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
tungor
deciduous
cambium
internode

14. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
A - topsoil - grassland
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
parenchyma
potassium

15. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
transpiration rates decrease
pith
cellulose
penicilin

16. Most of the ATP produced in respiration is a result of the movement of H ions across an ATP synthase in the inner membrane of the ____ and is referred to as ____?
stele
axillary bud and leaf
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
manganese

17. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
oxygen
tap - fiblous
superia
annual ring

18. Which of the following is a specialized root?
annual ring
annuals
cassava
sweet potato

19. Pressure that develops within a living cell as a result of water entering the cell is called ____?
tungor
cotyledon
transpiration rates increase
transpiration rates can decrease

20. Not a specialized stem?
root hairs
cassava
lignin
sweet potato

21. ____ is the stage of cellular respiration that takes place outside of the mitochondria?
glycolysis
region of maturation
eristems
lose

22. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
transpiration
manganese
stamen; anther

23. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the ____?
more stomata on the upper surface
callyx/corolla
grows back every year
ovules

24. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an _____?
annual ring
callyx/corolla
vascular bundles
auxillary

25. The space between the nodes of a stem is called the _____?
stigma
internode
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
node

26. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
leave the cell
aerobic
water molecules
sweet potato

27. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
vessels
CHOPKNSCa
Irish potato
glycolysis

28. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
stele
cellulose
sweet potato
vessels

29. Specialized cells in the vascular tssue of a root responsible for initiating lateral root growth are _____ cells?
apical meristem
mychorizea
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
vessel elements

30. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
pith
all of the above are correct
grasslands
into the cell

31. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
grows back every year
lose
vessels
sweet potato

32. If the concentration of solutes/salts outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will ____?
leave the cell
oxygen
cotyledon
eristems

33. Which cell types hav the primary function of photosynthesis?
phloem
chollenchyma
imbition
base of grass leaves

34. A leaf with leaflets is classified as a ____ leaf while a leaf with a single blade is classified as a ____ leaf?
imbibition
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
compound - simple
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c

35. A plant with flowers containing stamens but no carpels would be a ___ plant with ____ flowers?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
dioecious; staminate
parenchyma
phloem

36. Plants whose leaves fall off at the end of the growing season are ___?
deciduous
fruit
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c

37. Ultmately - how is energy moved around and created in living things?
cotyledon
A - topsoil - grassland
3 carbon pathway
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions

38. A structure in the axil of an attached leaf that is apable of future growth to form a branch shoot is the ____?
axillary bud
ovule
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
lignin

39. Which of the following woud NOT be a part of the vasulcar stele?
sweet potato
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
cortex
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

40. The spines of cacti are specially adapted to perform 2 imp't functions for the plant - transpiration and photosynthesis. True or false?
terger
sclerenchyma
ovules
false

41. In which of the following are guard cells (that form stomata) not actively involved?
more stomata on the upper surface
water molecules
imbition
transpiration

42. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
auxillary
antenna pigments
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
stamen; anther

43. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue/cell type between the xylem and the phloem is the _____?
pressure-flow hypothesis
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
vascular cambria
the presence of nodes and internodes

44. Which of the following cell types hs food conduction as a primary function?
pericarp
fibrous
phloem
sweet potato

45. A conspicuous organelle at the light microscope level in cells of the palisade mesophyll would be ___?
more stomata on the upper surface
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
chloroplasts
stigma

46. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
taproots
leave the cell
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
exocarp

47. Because of greater light intensity and heat absorption on the upper surface of the leaf - the lower surface has ____?
annual ring
leave the cell
cambium
more stomata on the upper surface

48. The part of the root containing the vascular tissue?
NADPH
rhizomes
strawberry
stele

49. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
inferior
cotyledon
stem
node

50. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by the ___ levels in the guard cells?
potassium
prickles
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
diffuse out