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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and the phloem is the ___?
vascular cambium
anther
turgor pressure
chloroplasts

2. The leaves of cacti are actually ____?
cassava
prickles
endodermis
upper epidermal cells

3. If the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will _____?
pericarp
diffuse out
base of grass leaves
mycoorhizae

4. ____ is the stage of cellular respiration that takes place outside of the mitochondria?
turgor pressure
coconut
annual ring
glycolysis

5. Most of the ATP produced in respiration is a result of the movement of H ions across an ATP synthase in the inner membrane of the ____ and is referred to as ____?
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
modified stems
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

6. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower are attached below the overy - the ovary is said to be ___?
superia
parenchyma
vascular bundles
bulb

7. Horizontal stems that produce roots and shoots are ___?
rhizomes
chollenchyma
fibrous
the presence of nodes and internodes

8. The part of the flower where seeds are produced is called the ___?
axillary bud and leaf
cambium
pressure-flow hypothesis
ovary

9. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
3 carbon pathway
cassava
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
stamen; anther

10. Grasses - or monocots - are examples of plants with a ____ root system?
A - topsoil - grassland
transpiration rates decrease
all of the above are correct
fibrous

11. Which of the following would NOT be part of the stele?
cortex
imbition
compound - simple
terger

12. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
ovules
phloem
fruit
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

13. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
node
red light
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
bulb

14. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
sweet potato
annual ring
inferior
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

15. At present the most widely accepted theory for movement of substances in the phloem is called the ____?
exocarp
pressure-flow hypothesis
transpiration
mychorizea

16. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
into the cell
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
cotyledon
absorpion of minerals in solution

17. When humidity is low - ____ ?
all of the above are correct
sweet potato
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
transpiration rates increase

18. A farmer finds that his landin the wetbottoms during an exceptionally wet year produced a very poor crop as most of the plants died. What could've been the problem?

19. Plants maintain a constant flow of water from the roots to the leaves through a process very critical to life on land called ____?
all of the above are correct
vessels
transpiration
pollen:stigma

20. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in monocot stems are called ____?
imbibition
vascular bundles
chloroplasts
glycolysis

21. Which of the following drugs is NOT obtained from leaves?
axillary buds
mychorizea
fruit
penicilin

22. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
transpiration
transpiration
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
exocarp

23. Pressure that develops within a living cell as the result of water entering the cell is called ___?
turgor pressure
strawberry
sclerenchyma
stem

24. Which of the following drugs are NOT obtained from leaves?
enter
digitalis
pressure-flow hypothesis
NADPH

25. The spines of cacti are specially adapted to perform 2 imp't functions for the plant - transpiration and photosynthesis. True or false?
rain
false
grasslands
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

26. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
grasslands
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
stigma
ovary

27. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
pith
fibrous
CHOPKNSCa
false

28. Which biome has the worst 'A' horizon?
desert
phloem
K
axillary bud and leaf

29. Strawberries are an example of what kind of modified stem?
chollenchyma
stolon/runner
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
water molecules

30. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
stele
guard cells
upper epidermal cells
inferior

31. What does the term 'C'HOPK'NS CaFe Mighty good' represent?
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
all of the above are correct
the presence of nodes and internodes
bracts

32. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
region of maturation
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
stigma

33. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
sweet potato
1
lignin
fibrous

34. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
lose
NADPH
vascular bundles

35. Which of the following is a specialized leaf?
cotyledon
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
desert
fig

36. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
transpiration
radicle
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
annuals

37. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
oxygen
receptacle
desert
water conduction

38. Plants whose leaves fall off at the end of the growing season are ___?
deciduous
pericarp
superia
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

39. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ___?
vascular bundles
diffuse out
pressure-flow hypothesis
prickles

40. Most cacti are __________ where the stem is responsible for the photosynthetic processes in the plant?
turgor pressure
modified stems
sweet potato
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c

41. The ovay wall of a ferilized flower usually develops into What is referred to as ____?
fruit
Irish potato
cassava
node

42. Cells produced by the vascular cambium include ___?
Irish (white) potato
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
penicilin
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

43. Which of the following is a root with a specialized function for food storage?
sweet potato
having a special covering called the root cap
phloem
stamen; anther

44. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
vascular bundles
stolon/runner
cotyledon

45. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
eristems
transpiration rates increase
taproots
tungor

46. Roots differ from stems in ___?
vascular cambria
red light
all of the above are correct
parenchyma

47. Which of the following is not a specialized stem?
loam
sweet potato
false
prickles

48. Stems differ from roots in ____?
annual ring
potassium
the presence of nodes and internodes
deciduous

49. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
pith
internode
transpiration
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

50. An example of an aggregate fruit would be the ___?
inferior
vascular cambium
sweet potato
strawberry