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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
ovules
sweet potato
receptacle
loam

2. The fleshy edible part of the strawberry is actually the ____?
annuals
pericarp
tap - fiblous
glycolysis

3. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
vascular cambium
bulb
pollen:stigma
cotyledon

4. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
3 carbon pathway
K
node

5. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
plasmolysis
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
conduction and absorption
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

6. Explain the process by which plants get water from the soil into the leaves?
false
inferior
guard cells
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

7. White the basic chemical equation for photosynthesis indicating which parts are for the light dependent stage and which are part of the light independent stage?
base of grass leaves
parenchyma
parenchyma
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2

8. A structure in the axil of an attached leaf that is apable of future growth to form a branch shoot is the ____?
axillary bud
CHOPKNSCa
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
phloem

9. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the __?
receptacle
fig
ovary
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil

10. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots exits the same plant by the process of ____?
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
mychorizea
transpiration
lose

11. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an _____?
region of maturation
modified stems
annual ring
ovary

12. The ground tissue of monocots is composed of ___?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
parenchyma
superia
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil

13. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
vascular cambria
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr

14. Horizontal stems that produce roots and shoots are ___?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
rhizomes
stigma
anther

15. The longest wavelength of energy reaching the earth from the sun is ___?
red light
ovary
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
vascular cambria

16. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
cellulose
loam
ovary
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

17. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
all of the above are correct
bulb
inferior
radicle

18. The endodermis works to direct water through its cells by having the presence of a waxy layer of suberin called the ____ around its cells n only one plane?
casperian strips
fibrous
conduction and absorption
coconut

19. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
root hairs
inferior
phloem
rhizomes

20. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in monocot stems are called ____?
root hairs
vascular bundles
having a special covering called the root cap
sweet potato

21. The part of the root containing the vascular tissue?
sclerenchyma
stele
false
absorpion of minerals in solution

22. Wood cells are composed primarily of lignin and ____?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
sweet potato
cellulose
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

23. The part of the flower where seeds are produced is called the ___?
transpiration
chollenchyma
bulb
ovary

24. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
cassava
enter
vascular bundles
exocarp

25. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
exocarp
vascular bundles
NADPH
node

26. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
root hairs
cortex
1
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20

27. Cells produced by the vascular cambium include ___?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
guard cells
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
the presence of nodes and internodes

28. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
annual ring
stolon/runner
vessels
grows back every year

29. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
stamen; anther
ovule
lose
potassium

30. Which cell types hav the primary function of photosynthesis?
chollenchyma
ovary
root hairs
phloem

31. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots leaves the same plant by the process of ____?
vessels
transpiration
imbibition
guard cells

32. Why do most roots tend to die in soils that contain very high concentrations of salts (or fertilizer)?
root hairs
modified stems
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
sweet potato

33. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
more stomata on the upper surface
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
rhizomes
stigma

34. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
rhizomes
bracts
into the cell
phloem

35. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
1
rhizomes
CHOPKNSCa
axillary buds

36. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
red light
cotyledon
stele
loam

37. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
taproots
ovary
ovules
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

38. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the ____?
callyx/corolla
vascular bundles
vascular bundles
exocarp

39. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ____?
axillary buds
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
stigma
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions

40. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
node
water molecules
sweet potato
Irish (white) potato

41. A conspicuous organelle at the light microscope level in cells of the palisade mesophyll would be ___?
grasslands
chloroplasts
absorpion of minerals in solution
terger

42. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
lose
3 carbon pathway
dioecious; staminate
fig

43. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
Irish potato
receptacle
base of grass leaves
turgor pressure

44. In nature depletion of mineral nutrients in the soil - interference with plant growth by excluding air - and the acceleration of the breakdown of nitrates in the soil is caused by too much ____?
1
pollen:stigma
rain
axillary buds

45. A cactus is classified as a modified ____?
stem
transpiration
grows back every year
internode

46. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ___?
vascular bundles
transpiration rates can decrease
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
pneumatophoves

47. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower are attached below the overy - the ovary is said to be ___?
inferior
parenchyma
exocarp
superia

48. Sugars produced in photosynthesis are loaded intothe ___ of the leaf?
fibrous
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
phloem
vascular bundles

49. The discrete paches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ____?
pneumatophoves
vascular bundles
transpiration
cotyledon

50. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
antenna pigments
conduction and absorption
pith
into the cell