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Test your basic knowledge |
Botany Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Why do most roots tend to die in soils that contain very high concentrations of salts (or fertilizer)?
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
glycolysis
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
vascular bundles
2. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
enter
radicle
vascular cambium
pneumatophoves
3. When the calyx - corolla and stamen of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ___?
mychorizea
guard cells
stem
inferior
4. The part of the root containing the vascular tissue?
cotyledon
stele
having a special covering called the root cap
pollen:stigma
5. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
chollenchyma
apical meristem
oxygen
axillary bud and leaf
6. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
tap - fiblous
bulb
sweet potato
potassium
7. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue/cell type between the xylem and the phloem is the _____?
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
vascular cambria
root hairs
8. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
sweet potato
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
stigma
9. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in monocot stems are called ____?
fruit
exocarp
vascular bundles
rain
10. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
transpiration
parenchyma
receptacle
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
11. Cells produced by the vascular cambium include ___?
loam
all of the above are correct
ovules
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
12. Flowering plants that complete their lie cycles in a single season are called ___?
fig
annuals
guard cell and root hair
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
13. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
aerobic
mycoorhizae
imbibition
region of maturation
14. The leaves of cacti are actually ____?
prickles
compound - simple
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
Irish (white) potato
15. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ___?
ovule
rhizomes
axillary bud and leaf
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
16. Wood cells are composed primarily of lignin and ____?
cellulose
cambium
enter
sweet potato
17. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
all of the above are correct
ovary
guard cells
taproots
18. Which molecule is synthesized during the light reactions of photosynthesis by receiving electrons - becoming an eectron carrier molecule?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
digitalis
NADPH
axillary bud
19. Pollen is produced in the ____ of a flower?
anther
axillary buds
vessel elements
rain
20. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
lignin
transpiration rates increase
inferior
chloroplasts
21. ___ roots of dicots penetrate very deeply to underground water while ____ roots of monocots remain close to the surfae and facilitate rapid absorption of surface water?
imbibition
tap - fiblous
potassium
guard cell and root hair
22. Horizontal stems that produce roots and shoots are ___?
rhizomes
potassium
transpiration rates can decrease
cortex
23. When humidity is low - ____ ?
CHOPKNSCa
stigma
guard cells
transpiration rates increase
24. A farmer finds that his landin the wetbottoms during an exceptionally wet year produced a very poor crop as most of the plants died. What could've been the problem?
25. Because of greater light intensity and heat absorption on the upper surface of the leaf - the lower surface has ____?
dioecious; staminate
node
stigma
more stomata on the upper surface
26. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
diffuse out
3 carbon pathway
stamen; anther
absorpion of minerals in solution
27. Explain why a cucumber or tomato really should be referred to as a fruit?
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
deciduous
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
28. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
diffuse out
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
ovary
29. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
all of the above are correct
phloem
Irish potato
cambium
30. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
parenchyma
CHOPKNSCa
vascular bundles
node
31. Root hairs are found in the region of the root called the ____?
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
manganese
K
region of maturation
32. You have a crop that is not doing well and you add a lot of fertilizer to help it out but this causes the crop to do worse. ExplaIn what has happened?
axillary buds
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
potassium
pollen:stigma
33. A plant placed in a beaker of salt water will ____?
lose
pneumatophoves
plasmolysis
taproots
34. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
root hairs
axillary bud
conduction and absorption
internode
35. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is grater than the concentration on the outside - water will move ___?
inferior
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
into the cell
cambium
36. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
annual ring
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
base of grass leaves
anther
37. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
water molecules
pericarp
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
tap - fiblous
38. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the __?
receptacle
tap - fiblous
node
turgor pressure
39. The spines of cacti are specially adapted to perform 2 imp't functions for the plant - transpiration and photosynthesis. True or false?
false
having a special covering called the root cap
cortex
3 carbon pathway
40. If the concentration of solutes/salts outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will ____?
prickles
leave the cell
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
ovule
41. The longest wavelength of energy reaching the earth from the sun is ___?
manganese
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
axillary bud
red light
42. An example of a multiple fruit would be the ___?
fig
water conduction
bracts
transpiration rates can decrease
43. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
K
red light
auxillary
cotyledon
44. If the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will _____?
strawberry
diffuse out
glycolysis
superia
45. Horizontal stems that grow just below the surface of the soil are called ____?
rhizomes
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
guard cells
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
46. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
base of grass leaves
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
tungor
modified stems
47. Pressure that develops within a living cell as the result of water entering the cell is called ___?
turgor pressure
ovary
rhizomes
potassium
48. The ground tissue of monocots is composed of ___?
horizon E
parenchyma
turgor pressure
ovules
49. Strawberries are an example of what kind of modified stem?
imbition
stolon/runner
plasmolysis
ovules
50. Roots differ from stems in ___?
cortex
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
all of the above are correct
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2