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Test your basic knowledge |
Botany Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. At present the most widely accepted theory for movement of substances in the phloem is called the ____?
pressure-flow hypothesis
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
phloem
K
2. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
leave the cell
upper epidermal cells
prickles
3. Plants whose leaves fall off at the end of the growing season are ___?
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
deciduous
mychorizea
compound - simple
4. Which is a type of epidermal cell?
absorpion of minerals in solution
guard cell and root hair
phelloderm
leave the cell
5. If the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will _____?
penicilin
superia
diffuse out
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
6. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
axillary bud and leaf
vascular bundles
vascular cambium
cotyledon
7. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
more stomata on the upper surface
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
parenchyma
water conduction
8. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
auxillary
inferior
cortex
9. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
internode
antenna pigments
lose
10. In nature depletion of mineral nutrients in the soil - interference with plant growth by excluding air - and the acceleration of the breakdown of nitrates in the soil is caused by too much ____?
rain
pneumatophoves
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
cortex
11. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ___?
imbition
ovule
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
antenna pigments
12. Grasses - or monocots - are examples of plants with a ____ root system?
fibrous
internode
cassava
fig
13. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
chollenchyma
vessels
1
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
14. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
water molecules
receptacle
fibrous
mycoorhizae
15. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by ____ levels in the guard cells?
vascular cambria
potassium
aerobic
callyx/corolla
16. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by the ___ levels in the guard cells?
auxillary
potassium
mychorizea
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
17. The endodermis works to direct water through its cells by having the presence of a waxy layer of suberin called the ____ around its cells n only one plane?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
node
manganese
casperian strips
18. Plants maintain a constant flow of water from the roots to the leaves through a process very critical to life on land called ____?
transpiration
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
19. Why is visible light good energy to use for photsynthesis?
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20. Not a specialized stem?
lignin
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
A - topsoil - grassland
cassava
21. Why is an Irish/white potato classified as a modified stem?
radicle
Irish (white) potato
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
auxillary
22. Stoma are regulated by guard cells which swell or shrink due to movement of this specific ion in the stomata?
K
transpiration rates can decrease
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
bulb
23. In which of the following are guard cells (that form stomata) not actively involved?
conduction and absorption
imbition
3 carbon pathway
oxygen
24. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
NADPH
red light
ovary
manganese
25. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
taproots
vessel elements
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
26. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
K
ovule
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
terger
27. This structure in the ovary of a flower is responsible for producing a seed?
internodes
ovule
pith
pressure-flow hypothesis
28. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
K
grows back every year
inferior
NADPH
29. Which cell types hav the primary function of photosynthesis?
chollenchyma
rhizomes
annuals
more stomata on the upper surface
30. Horizontal stems that grow just below the surface of the soil are called ____?
penicilin
rhizomes
transpiration rates decrease
cambium
31. The leaves of cacti are actually ____?
annual ring
prickles
cellulose
region of maturation
32. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
internode
lignin
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
transpiration
33. The space between the nodes of a stem is called the _____?
internode
annual ring
stem
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
34. Stems differ from roots in ____?
annual ring
cellulose
the presence of nodes and internodes
eristems
35. Which of the following is a specialized root?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
CHOPKNSCa
ovules
sweet potato
36. An example of an aggregate fruit would be the ___?
receptacle
strawberry
dioecious; staminate
sweet potato
37. An example of a multiple fruit would be the ___?
fig
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
deciduous
grasslands
38. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
annual ring
fibrous
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
all of the above are correct
39. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
root hairs
compound - simple
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
sclerenchyma
40. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
coconut
root hairs
annual ring
K
41. Roots differ from stems in ___?
tungor
red light
ovary
all of the above are correct
42. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
annual ring
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
base of grass leaves
absorpion of minerals in solution
43. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
3 carbon pathway
region of maturation
pericarp
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
44. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
ovule
rhizomes
cotyledon
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
45. The areas between the location of leaf attachments on the stem are called ___?
internodes
prickles
dioecious; staminate
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
46. Which of the following cell types hs food conduction as a primary function?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
phloem
penicilin
CHOPKNSCa
47. Flowering plants that complete their lie cycles in a single season are called ___?
cellulose
water molecules
annuals
manganese
48. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the outside - water will _____ the cell?
enter
plasmolysis
inferior
root hairs
49. The part of the flower where seeds are produced is called the ___?
turgor pressure
ovary
loam
mychorizea
50. Which fruit or seed is dispersed by water?
node
prickles
pericarp
coconut