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Test your basic knowledge |
Botany Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A conspicuous organelle at the light microscope level in cells of the palisade mesophyll would be ___?
antenna pigments
chloroplasts
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
digitalis
2. When the calyx - Corolla - and stamens of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
imbibition
grasslands
inferior
turgor pressure
3. The areas between the location of leaf attachments on the stem are called ___?
cotyledon
parenchyma
internodes
inferior
4. The space between the nodes of a stem is called the _____?
annual ring
turgor pressure
sweet potato
internode
5. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
imbibition
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
cambium
6. Briefly describe the development of vascular tissu by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
tungor
cellulose
chollenchyma
7. Stems differ from roots in ____?
the presence of nodes and internodes
all of the above are correct
horizon E
exocarp
8. Fruit forms from the ovary wall of a flower referred to a the ___?
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
stigma
pericarp
absorpion of minerals in solution
9. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
grows back every year
tungor
bracts
10. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
rain
oxygen
exocarp
mycoorhizae
11. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
compound - simple
grasslands
endodermis
leave the cell
12. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
stamen; anther
casperian strips
cotyledon
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
13. Stoma are regulated by guard cells which swell or shrink due to movement of this specific ion in the stomata?
mycoorhizae
cellulose
fruit
K
14. Which of the following is not a specialized stem?
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
phelloderm
sweet potato
anther
15. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
absorpion of minerals in solution
inferior
more stomata on the upper surface
fruit
16. Explain photorespiration and how the enzyme rubisco plays a major role in that process during photosynthesis?
ovules
pith
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
guard cell and root hair
17. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
inferior
rhizomes
fruit
turgor pressure
18. Explain the process by which plants get water from the soil into the leaves?
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
transpiration rates decrease
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
19. The longest wavelength of energy reaching the earth from the sun is ___?
A - topsoil - grassland
red light
cotyledon
guard cell and root hair
20. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
receptacle
prickles
modified stems
pollen:stigma
21. A plant with flowers containing stamens but no carpels would be a ___ plant with ____ flowers?
receptacle
dioecious; staminate
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
CHOPKNSCa
22. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
pericarp
auxillary
more stomata on the upper surface
false
23. Name the 4 parts of aflower and briefly explain the process of double fertilization?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
water conduction
eristems
vascular bundles
24. Most cacti are __________ where the stem is responsible for the photosynthetic processes in the plant?
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
diffuse out
more stomata on the upper surface
modified stems
25. In which of the following are guard cells (that form stomata) not actively involved?
imbition
fibrous
axillary bud
parenchyma
26. Which of the following is a specialized root?
rain
digitalis
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
sweet potato
27. Fungi which associate with roots to increase water absorption and mineral uptake are called ____?
having a special covering called the root cap
transpiration rates decrease
mycoorhizae
axillary bud and leaf
28. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
pneumatophoves
annual ring
sweet potato
pericarp
29. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
pericarp
enter
loam
guard cells
30. When a plant cell loses water and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall - the cell is said to be under going ____?
callyx/corolla
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
plasmolysis
absorpion of minerals in solution
31. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
vessels
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
upper epidermal cells
base of grass leaves
32. Ultmately - how is energy moved around and created in living things?
glycolysis
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
radicle
33. Why is an Irish/white potato classified as a modified stem?
casperian strips
Irish (white) potato
conduction and absorption
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
34. These 'showy' modified leaves are found at the base of flowers and usually draw attention to the smaller real flowers?
bracts
3 carbon pathway
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
penicilin
35. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
transpiration rates can decrease
transpiration rates increase
vessel elements
root hairs
36. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
CHOPKNSCa
rhizomes
ovary
A - topsoil - grassland
37. The spines of cacti are specially adapted to perform 2 imp't functions for the plant - transpiration and photosynthesis. True or false?
false
stigma
ovule
transpiration
38. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots leaves the same plant by the process of ____?
upper epidermal cells
transpiration
antenna pigments
annuals
39. Roots differ from stems in ___?
A - topsoil - grassland
3 carbon pathway
all of the above are correct
base of grass leaves
40. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower are attached below the overy - the ovary is said to be ___?
internode
superia
Irish potato
prickles
41. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
exocarp
ovules
internode
vessels
42. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
radicle
3 carbon pathway
transpiration rates increase
glycolysis
43. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
taproots
tap - fiblous
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
cotyledon
44. As best as you can - briefly describe the development of vascular tissue by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
potassium
desert
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
45. Explain why a cucumber or tomato really should be referred to as a fruit?
stele
pressure-flow hypothesis
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
ovules
46. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the ____?
transpiration rates increase
leave the cell
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
callyx/corolla
47. This tissue/region is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
digitalis
vascular bundles
stolon/runner
pith
48. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
imbibition
root hairs
transpiration
water conduction
49. Which molecule is synthesized during the light reactions of photosynthesis by receiving electrons - becoming an eectron carrier molecule?
antenna pigments
loam
NADPH
lose
50. A leaf with leaflets is classified as a ____ leaf while a leaf with a single blade is classified as a ____ leaf?
compound - simple
pith
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
chollenchyma
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