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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
internode
phloem
oxygen
penicilin

2. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
ovules
sweet potato
fruit
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x

3. Which soil horizon is the most important agriculturally?
horizon E
rhizomes
1
Irish potato

4. An example of an aggregate fruit would be the ___?
transpiration rates can decrease
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
base of grass leaves
strawberry

5. The dermal tissues of leaves have wha specialized cells to regulate gas exchange?
guard cells
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
receptacle
apical meristem

6. Which biome has the worst 'A' horizon?
vascular cambria
desert
annual ring
node

7. Name the 4 parts of aflower and briefly explain the process of double fertilization?
A - topsoil - grassland
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
red light
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

8. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
exocarp
phloem
stigma
pith

9. Why is an Irish/white potato classified as a modified stem?
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
ovule
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

10. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
upper epidermal cells
rain
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
desert

11. Fungi which associate with roots to increase water absorption and mineral uptake are called ____?
ovary
inferior
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
mycoorhizae

12. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots exits the same plant by the process of ____?
Irish (white) potato
apical meristem
sclerenchyma
transpiration

13. If the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will _____?
diffuse out
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
penicilin
inferior

14. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
1
manganese
tungor
terger

15. Cells produced by the vascular cambium include ___?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
turgor pressure
cotyledon
vessels

16. What is attached at the node?
annual ring
axillary bud and leaf
transpiration
chollenchyma

17. Cells produced by the vascular cambium do NOT include ___?
deciduous
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
phelloderm
cortex

18. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
root hairs
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
sweet potato

19. The ___ horizon - also referred to as ____ - is the most imp't agriculturally and deep layers of This is found in the ____ biome?
leave the cell
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
A - topsoil - grassland

20. Sugars produced in photosynthesis are loaded intothe ___ of the leaf?
phloem
imbition
stigma
modified stems

21. ___ roots of dicots penetrate very deeply to underground water while ____ roots of monocots remain close to the surfae and facilitate rapid absorption of surface water?
tap - fiblous
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
pericarp
vascular cambria

22. An example of a multiple fruit would be the ___?
grows back every year
enter
fig
3 carbon pathway

23. When a plant cell loses water and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall - the cell is said to be under going ____?
plasmolysis
stamen; anther
pollen:stigma
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

24. A plant with flowers containing stamens but no carpels would be a ___ plant with ____ flowers?
dioecious; staminate
water molecules
root hairs
receptacle

25. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the outside - water will _____ the cell?
enter
into the cell
pollen:stigma
1

26. Fruit forms from the ovary wall of a flower referred to a the ___?
pericarp
potassium
prickles
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy

27. This cell type is important in monocot and dicot roots by helping to regulate what gets into the ___?
chloroplasts
endodermis
axillary bud
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

28. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
vascular bundles
K
cellulose
pith

29. Which of the following drugs is NOT obtained from leaves?
transpiration
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
potassium
penicilin

30. The fleshy edible part of the strawberry is actually the ____?
transpiration
pericarp
dioecious; staminate
1

31. The spines of cacti are specially adapted to perform 2 imp't functions for the plant - transpiration and photosynthesis. True or false?
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
receptacle
false
inferior

32. Which of the following woud NOT be a part of the vasulcar stele?
penicilin
fruit
grasslands
cortex

33. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
vessels
inferior
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil

34. Which pair goes along with pollination?
potassium
pollen:stigma
grasslands
base of grass leaves

35. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
mycoorhizae
strawberry
internodes
imbibition

36. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
root hairs
ovule
axillary bud
ovary

37. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
terger
inferior
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy

38. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
ovules
radicle
bracts

39. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
transpiration rates can decrease
vessel elements
glycolysis
callyx/corolla

40. You have a crop that is not doing well and you add a lot of fertilizer to help it out but this causes the crop to do worse. ExplaIn what has happened?
phloem
mycoorhizae
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
strawberry

41. A farmer finds that his landin the wetbottoms during an exceptionally wet year produced a very poor crop as most of the plants died. What could've been the problem?

42. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
receptacle
horizon E
tap - fiblous
exocarp

43. Grasses - or monocots - are examples of plants with a ____ root system?
fibrous
stigma
mycoorhizae
ovary

44. Most of the ATP produced in respiration is a result of the movement of H ions across an ATP synthase in the inner membrane of the ____ and is referred to as ____?
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
pollen:stigma
stele
ovules

45. Wood cells are composed primarily of lignin and ____?
tap - fiblous
cellulose
ovules
root hairs

46. As best as you can - briefly describe the development of vascular tissue by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
stolon/runner
ovary
phloem
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.

47. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
vessel elements
base of grass leaves
stem

48. Pressure that develops within a living cell as the result of water entering the cell is called ___?
into the cell
superia
lignin
turgor pressure

49. Explain why a cucumber or tomato really should be referred to as a fruit?
internode
sweet potato
stamen; anther
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

50. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is grater than the concentration on the outside - water will move ___?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
cambium
dioecious; staminate
into the cell