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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The discrete paches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ____?
vascular bundles
sweet potato
annuals
leave the cell

2. When the calyx - corolla and stamen of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ___?
inferior
penicilin
more stomata on the upper surface
imbibition

3. When humidity is low - ___?
inferior
eristems
transpiration rates can decrease
compound - simple

4. Grasses - or monocots - are examples of plants with a ____ root system?
cotyledon
cassava
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
fibrous

5. ___ roots of dicots penetrate very deeply to underground water while ____ roots of monocots remain close to the surfae and facilitate rapid absorption of surface water?
annuals
tap - fiblous
anther
transpiration rates decrease

6. ____ is the stage of cellular respiration that takes place outside of the mitochondria?
glycolysis
receptacle
water conduction
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr

7. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
internodes
water molecules
base of grass leaves
annuals

8. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the outside - water will _____ the cell?
enter
plasmolysis
parenchyma
loam

9. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
loam
mycoorhizae
grows back every year

10. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
chloroplasts
lignin
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
CHOPKNSCa

11. What does the term 'C'HOPK'NS CaFe Mighty good' represent?
vascular cambria
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
transpiration rates increase
vessel elements

12. Which pair goes along with pollination?
annual ring
stolon/runner
pollen:stigma
all of the above are correct

13. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
receptacle
node
aerobic
lignin

14. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
coconut
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
penicilin
mychorizea

15. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ___?
cotyledon
auxillary
stigma
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur

16. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
stigma
inferior
coconut
pericarp

17. The fleshy edible part of the strawberry is actually the ____?
all of the above are correct
NADPH
pericarp
vascular cambium

18. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an _____?
annual ring
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
fruit
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration

19. In nature depletion of mineral nutrients in the soil - interference with plant growth by excluding air - and the acceleration of the breakdown of nitrates in the soil is caused by too much ____?
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
aerobic
rain

20. Not a specialized leaf?
3 carbon pathway
vascular cambium
Irish (white) potato
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable

21. Which of the following is a specialized root?
sweet potato
Irish potato
region of maturation
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.

22. When humidity is high - ____?
water conduction
cortex
sweet potato
transpiration rates decrease

23. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
apical meristem
1
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above

24. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
sclerenchyma
3 carbon pathway
leave the cell
grasslands

25. Specialized cells in the vascular tssue of a root responsible for initiating lateral root growth are _____ cells?
leave the cell
guard cell and root hair
rain
apical meristem

26. Briefly describe the development of vascular tissu by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
stamen; anther
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
more stomata on the upper surface
transpiration

27. The initial step in the germination of a seed is called ____?
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
imbibition
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
the presence of nodes and internodes

28. The dermal tissues of leaves have wha specialized cells to regulate gas exchange?
guard cells
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
transpiration
mycoorhizae

29. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
red light
root hairs
pith

30. Which fruit or seed is dispersed by water?
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
coconut
Irish (white) potato
inferior

31. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue/cell type between the xylem and the phloem is the _____?
absorpion of minerals in solution
vascular cambria
rain
vessels

32. When a plant is fully saturated with water it is said to be high in ___ pressure wheras if it is low in water the plant is said to be flacid.
modified stems
rhizomes
terger
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20

33. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
axillary buds
inferior
root hairs
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)

34. Stems differ from roots in ___?
phloem
grows back every year
loam
having a special covering called the root cap

35. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
vessel elements
coconut
pith

36. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the __?
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
modified stems
receptacle
cambium

37. Sugars produced in photosynthesis are loaded intothe ___ of the leaf?
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
cortex
upper epidermal cells
phloem

38. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
receptacle
water molecules
stigma
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

39. A cactus is classified as a modified ____?
fig
inferior
stem
aerobic

40. Which of the following cell types hs food conduction as a primary function?
phloem
stolon/runner
cassava
cellulose

41. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
rhizomes
vascular bundles
cotyledon
annual ring

42. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
apical meristem
aerobic
ovary
inferior

43. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ___?
cellulose
Irish potato
ovule
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions

44. The osmotic response of guard cells is governed by the ___ levels in the guard cells?
all of the above are correct
potassium
transpiration rates increase
ovary

45. At present the most widely accepted theory for movement of substances in the phloem is called the ____?
vessels
pressure-flow hypothesis
cortex
fibrous

46. Which of the following is a specialized leaf?
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
compound - simple
enter
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

47. The parts of a flower that form male gametes are the ____?
stamen; anther
pith
strawberry
transpiration

48. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
deciduous
ovules
K
exocarp

49. Not a specialized stem?
red light
auxillary
cassava
digitalis

50. Most of the flesh of pomes comes from the ____?
Irish (white) potato
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
compound - simple
callyx/corolla