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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The part of the flower that eventually become seeds are the ____?
radicle
ovules
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
antenna pigments

2. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
potassium
guard cells
antenna pigments
region of maturation

3. Which of the following is a specialized leaf?
exocarp
deciduous
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
pericarp

4. Horizontal stems that grow just below the surface of the soil are called ____?
stamen; anther
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
rhizomes
tap - fiblous

5. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
axillary bud and leaf
prickles
ovary

6. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
chloroplasts
vessel elements
red light
grasslands

7. Explain the process by which plants get water from the soil into the leaves?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
oxygen
callyx/corolla
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

8. Which soil horizon is the most important agriculturally?
horizon E
upper epidermal cells
into the cell
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

9. The areas between the location of leaf attachments on the stem are called ___?
internodes
compound - simple
mycoorhizae
water conduction

10. In which of the following are guard cells (that form stomata) not actively involved?
CHOPKNSCa
imbition
transpiration rates increase
ovule

11. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
grows back every year
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
modified stems

12. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots exits the same plant by the process of ____?
transpiration
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
water molecules
water conduction

13. Most of the ATP produced in respiration is a result of the movement of H ions across an ATP synthase in the inner membrane of the ____ and is referred to as ____?
strawberry
digitalis
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
annuals

14. This tissue/region is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
cortex
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
pith
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

15. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the ___?
superia
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
3 carbon pathway
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration

16. The ___ horizon - also referred to as ____ - is the most imp't agriculturally and deep layers of This is found in the ____ biome?
A - topsoil - grassland
strawberry
transpiration rates decrease
sweet potato

17. Pressure that develops within a living cell as a result of water entering the cell is called ____?
tungor
stamen; anther
aerobic
taproots

18. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
apical meristem
node
taproots
leave the cell

19. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
glycolysis
visible light is good because it's not as intense so that it will burn the plant - but it is still intense enough to produce plenty of energy
deciduous
phloem

20. Flowers are usually attached to a special structure at the end of a stem or peduncle called a ___?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
transpiration rates decrease
tap - fiblous
receptacle

21. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
water conduction
CHOPKNSCa
modified stems
potassium

22. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
receptacle
stigma
potassium
region of maturation

23. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
ovule
inferior
taproots
base of grass leaves

24. The 'eyes' of the Irish potato are actually ____?
stamen; anther
cassava
cellulose
axillary buds

25. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
stamen; anther
phloem
parenchyma
absorpion of minerals in solution

26. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and phloem is the ____?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0
cambium
turgor pressure

27. Plants whose leaves fall off at the end of the growing season are ___?
3 carbon pathway
deciduous
pericarp
vascular bundles

28. Which of the following is a specialized root for storage?
phloem
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
rhizomes
bulb

29. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the outside - water will _____ the cell?
region of maturation
internode
node
enter

30. Specialized epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water are ____?
oxygen
receptacle
root hairs
transpiration

31. During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis - ____?
parenchyma
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
deciduous

32. Flowering plants that complete their lie cycles in a single season are called ___?
annuals
manganese
pericarp
enter

33. One year's growth of xylem in secondary wood is referred to as an ____?
receptacle
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
stele
annual ring

34. Which of the following drugs are NOT obtained from leaves?
antenna pigments
cortex
digitalis
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above

35. A farmer finds that his landin the wetbottoms during an exceptionally wet year produced a very poor crop as most of the plants died. What could've been the problem?

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36. Stems differ from roots in ____?
stolon/runner
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
the presence of nodes and internodes
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

37. You have a crop that is not doing well and you add a lot of fertilizer to help it out but this causes the crop to do worse. ExplaIn what has happened?
sweet potato
callyx/corolla
vascular bundles
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20

38. The ground tissue of monocots is composed of ___?
parenchyma
turgor pressure
modified stems
taproots

39. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in monocot stems are called ____?
sclerenchyma
vascular bundles
ovules
sweet potato

40. The fungi symbiotically associated with roots are called ___?
apical meristem
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
mychorizea
radicle

41. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
eristems
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
exocarp
rhizomes

42. Roots differ from stems in ___?
all of the above are correct
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
digitalis
callyx/corolla

43. In which region would an ntercalary meristem be found?
red light
cambium
base of grass leaves
leave the cell

44. A structure in the axil of an attached leaf that is apable of future growth to form a branch shoot is the ____?
traechids - vessel elements - companion cells - sieve-tube elements- all of the above
enter
imbibition
axillary bud

45. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
horizon E
grows back every year
ovules
modified stems

46. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
absorpion of minerals in solution
anther
transpiration
oxygen

47. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
1
A - topsoil - grassland
bulb
vessel elements

48. The best soil for plant growth is ___?
compound - simple
loam
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
cortex

49. Because of greater light intensity and heat absorption on the upper surface of the leaf - the lower surface has ____?
ovules
taproots
more stomata on the upper surface
anther

50. Root hairs are found in the region of the root called the ____?
region of maturation
pericarp
loam
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20