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Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which soil horizon is the most important agriculturally?
inferior
horizon E
terger
ovary

2. An advantage to tap roots is that they ____?
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
cellulose
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

3. This cell type is important in monocot and dicot roots by helping to regulate what gets into the ___?
Irish (white) potato
endodermis
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
imbibition

4. You have a crop that is not doing well and you add a lot of fertilizer to help it out but this causes the crop to do worse. ExplaIn what has happened?
lose
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20
grows back every year
glycolysis

5. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ____?
fruit
enter
vascular bundles
stigma

6. The ovay wall of a ferilized flower usually develops into What is referred to as ____?
fruit
stigma
axillary bud
region of maturation

7. Wood cells are composed primarily of lignin and ____?
venus flytrap - sundew trap - pitcher of a ptcher plant - tenri of a pea plant- all of the above
cambium
eristems
cellulose

8. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
vessels
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die
internode
radicle

9. What does the term 'C'HOPK'NS CaFe Mighty good' represent?
absorpion of minerals in solution
enter
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)

10. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
lignin
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
axillary bud
node

11. When a plant cell loses water and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall - the cell is said to be under going ____?
mychorizea
cellulose
plasmolysis
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x

12. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
horizon E
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
grasslands
chollenchyma

13. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and the phloem is the ___?
cotyledon
lose
modified stems
vascular cambium

14. What obvious characteristic does a deciduous plant exhibit?
phelloderm
grows back every year
cotyledon
taproots

15. Leaves and buds are attached to the stem at the ___?
rain
guard cells
sweet potato
node

16. Most of the ATP produced in respiration is a result of the movement of H ions across an ATP synthase in the inner membrane of the ____ and is referred to as ____?
stigma
annuals
mitochondria - chemiosmosis
ovule

17. Fungi which associate with roots to increase water absorption and mineral uptake are called ____?
loam
root hairs
into the cell
mycoorhizae

18. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
annual ring
anther
upper epidermal cells
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen

19. Pollen is produced in the ____ of a flower?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
anther
inferior
grows back every year

20. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
horizon E
K
phloem
cassava

21. A primary function of traechids is ___?
root hairs
mychorizea
water conduction
mycoorhizae

22. In which of the following are guard cells (that form stomata) not actively involved?
stolon/runner
the presence of nodes and internodes
exocarp
imbition

23. Wood cells are composed primarily of cellulose and ___?
sweet potato
lose
superia
lignin

24. An example of a multiple fruit would be the ___?
stem
rhizomes
terger
fig

25. The discrete patches of xylem and phloem found in herbaceous dicot stems are called ___?
imbibition
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
vascular bundles
coconut

26. Plants whose leaves fall off at the end of the growing season are ___?
sweet potato
deciduous
terger
vascular bundles

27. Which is a type of epidermal cell?
modified stems
guard cell and root hair
exocarp
potassium

28. The major regions of a root tip are ____ - ___ - _____ and _____?
dioecious; staminate
receptacle
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
manganese

29. The endodermis works to direct water through its cells by having the presence of a waxy layer of suberin called the ____ around its cells n only one plane?
parenchyma
casperian strips
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

30. Roots differ from stems in ___?
stem
ovary
all of the above are correct
endodermis

31. Which of the following is a critical part of a seed providing nutrition for the embryo?
compound - simple
cotyledon
sweet potato
ovary

32. Specialized roots that permit plants growing in water to facilitate
pith
pneumatophoves
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil

33. Which cell types hav the primary function of photosynthesis?
guard cells
pneumatophoves
antenna pigments
chollenchyma

34. Which biome has the worst 'A' horizon?
apical meristem
tungor
horizon E
desert

35. A plant placed in a beaker of salt water will ____?
major elements vegetation requires for growth (macronutrients)
stem
lose
1

36. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots exits the same plant by the process of ____?
stamen; anther
having a special covering called the root cap
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
transpiration

37. Name the 4 parts of aflower and briefly explain the process of double fertilization?
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
transpiration
ovary
sweet potato

38. Which of the following is a specialized root for storage?
deciduous
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
horizon E
bulb

39. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ___?
rain
taproots
stigma
lignin

40. Ultmately - how is energy moved around and created in living things?
cotyledon
receptacle
antenna pigments
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions

41. When the calyx - corolla and stamen of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ___?
casperian strips
inferior
exocarp
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.

42. The skin of most fruits is technically the ____?
through a series of metabolic reactions and electrons transferring energy to different forms in redox reactions
exocarp
transpiration rates can decrease
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

43. When the calyx - corolla - and stamen of a flower appear to be attached at the top of the ovary - the ovary is said to be ____?
ovules
inferior
tungor
h20+co@-->chlorophyl/light-->glucose (sugar) + o2

44. Not a specialized stem?
cassava
diffuse out
into the cell
red light

45. Not a specialized leaf?
Irish (white) potato
transpiration rates decrease
internodes
cellulose

46. A cactus is classified as a modified ____?
bracts
stem
rain
If there is a higher concentration of salts outside of the root - then water will not move inside the roots against the concentration gradient. the roots will dehydrate and eventually die

47. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
water molecules
fig
desert
pollen:stigma

48. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
region of maturation
ovary
node

49. Which of the following would NOT be part of the stele?
there could've been a high concentration of nutrients - such as salt - surounding the roots making it impossible for osmosis to occur
cotyledon
cortex
CHOPKNSCa

50. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
vascular cambria
antenna pigments
chloroplasts
upper epidermal cells