Test your basic knowledge |

Botany Basics

Subject : science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An example of an aggregate fruit would be the ___?
horizon E
compound - simple
desert
strawberry

2. The ovay wall of a ferilized flower usually develops into What is referred to as ____?
manganese
vessels
fruit
having a special covering called the root cap

3. Specialized cells in the vascular tssue of a root responsible for initiating lateral root growth are _____ cells?
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
apical meristem
parenchyma
sweet potato

4. Explain how a guard cell opens and closes the stoma?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
phelloderm
parenchyma
bulb

5. Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light energy to reaction-center molecules are called ___?
casperian strips
digitalis
antenna pigments
guard cells

6. What 8 elements are classified as major/macro elements for plant development?
water molecules are split - through the energy of light - into hydrogen ions - electrons - and oxygen
false
node
CHOPKNSCa

7. The leaves of cacti are actually ____?
inferior
prickles
diffuse out
concentration outside roots causes plant to lose h20

8. Water conducting cels that are open at either end include ___?
vessel elements
taproots
modified stems
phloem

9. Which molecule is synthesized during the light reactions of photosynthesis by receiving electrons - becoming an eectron carrier molecule?
phloem
imbibition
NADPH
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans

10. When a plant is fully saturated with water it is said to be high in ___ pressure wheras if it is low in water the plant is said to be flacid.
root cap - zone of elongation - maturation - division
guard cells
the sepal - petal - stamen - pistil are the 4 main parts. in double fertilization - the pollen grain produces 2 sperm cells which travel as pollen to the stigma and down the style ofthe pistil to the ovary. One will fertilize an egg in the ovary whil
terger

11. If the concentration of solutes inside the plant cell is grater than the concentration on the outside - water will move ___?
into the cell
loam
3 carbon pathway
sweet potato

12. If the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will _____?
diffuse out
sclerenchyma
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
node

13. Briefly describe the development of vascular tissu by the lateral/vascular cambium of a stem and how that results in the production of wood?
potassium
The cambium is a ring of undifferentiated cells. Once a cell moves to the outside of the cambium it becomes phloem. When the cells move into the inside of the cambium - the cells become xylem. Xylem cells die - harden and begin expanding with fresh x
transpiration
A - topsoil - grassland

14. The fungi symbiotically associated with roots are called ___?
base of grass leaves
the root hairs on the root tips absorb water into the soil through osmosis. this water travels up the roots - up the stems - and to the leaves throughout the plant by capillary action. once absored in leaves - the water leaves the plant through trans
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
mychorizea

15. Explain why a cucumber or tomato really should be referred to as a fruit?
sweet potato
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
pressure-flow hypothesis
superia

16. Pollen adheres to a sticky portion of the flower called the ____?
ovule
stigma
oxygen
pith

17. Which of the following is a specialized root for storage?
receptacle
bulb
ovary
exocarp

18. In a mature - woody dicot stem - the tissue between the xylem and the phloem is the ___?
vascular cambium
the vascular cambium produces both secondary xylem and secondary phloem - or vascular tissue. The secondary xylem is the wood in dicot plant and lignon surrounds it for support.
receptacle
stigma

19. If the concentration of solutes/salts outside the plant cell is greater than the concentration on the inside - water will ____?
potassium
leave the cell
penicilin
guard cells

20. Most of the water that enters a plant via the roots leaves the same plant by the process of ____?
to open - potassium will enter the guard cell. then the guard cell will swell and attract water to the stomata - or area of high concentration. Once the plant has enough water - potassium will diffuse out - the guard cells will shrink - and finally c
transpiration
sweet potato
receptacle

21. A cactus is classified as a modified ____?
stem
root hairs
anther
vessels

22. Which biome has the best 'A' horizon?
parenchyma
pressure-flow hypothesis
grasslands
vascular cambium

23. Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis?
stamen; anther
diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration; osmosis is movement of water from high to low concentration
imbibition
plasmolysis

24. Mitochondria are organelles responsible for ___?
guard cell and root hair
vessel elements
aerobic
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs

25. The skin of most fruits is technically the ___?
turgor pressure
exocarp
leave the cell
high turgor pressure opens Kt-->0. low turgor pressure close 0

26. The final electron acceptor during the process of cellular respiration is ___?
cellulose
oxygen
phelloderm
aerobic

27. A uniovulate carpel would contain how many seed?
1
mychorizea
sclerenchyma
apical meristem

28. This cell type is important in monocot and dicot roots by helping to regulate what gets into the ___?
receptacle
rhizomes
vascular bundles
endodermis

29. Vessels are different from traechids because _____?
strawberry
vessels conduct sugars - traechids conduct water
fig
exocarp

30. The space between the nodes of a stem is called the _____?
axillary bud
internode
root hairs
stamen; anther

31. Not a specialized leaf?
stigma
horizon E
Irish potato
enter

32. Strawberries are an example of what kind of modified stem?
all of the above are correct
cellulose
stolon/runner
pericarp

33. Not a specialized leaf?
it has node marks all over it where branches could grow off of.
it has the seeds and all 4 parts of a flower would classify it as a fruit instead of a vegetable
photo respiration occurs usually in times of drought. limited water forces the plant to close stomata - therefore blocking co2. with lo concentrations of co2 and high concentrations of 02 - the enzyme rubisco starts to bind 02 instead of co2. this pr
Irish (white) potato

34. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
cambium
ovary
mychorizea
enter

35. When a plant cell loses water and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall - the cell is said to be under going ____?
digitalis
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
sweet potato
plasmolysis

36. The space on a stem between where buds are attache and elongates is referred to as the ____?
bulb
NADPH
internode
rhizomes

37. Actively dividing cells can be found in ___?
eristems
transpiration rates can decrease
vascular bundles
all of the above are correct

38. This tissue (region) is present in monocot roots but absent in dicot roots?
dioecious; staminate
pith
loam
rhizomes

39. Wood cells are composed primarily of lignin and ____?
root hairs
tap - fiblous
cellulose
phloem

40. The part of the flower in which seeds are produced is the ___?
transpiration
A - topsoil - grassland
auxillary
ovary

41. The layer of chlorenchyma cells oriented to capture optimum sunlight at the top of the leaf are the ____?
exocarp
upper epidermal cells
fruit
vascular cambium

42. Which cell type is responsible for transporting sugars in a plant?
ovary
desert
phloem
CHOPKNSCa

43. In addition to anchoring a plant - roots usually function directly in which of the following processes?
stamen; anther
CHOPKNSCa
axillary bud
absorpion of minerals in solution

44. Which of the following is part of the embryo of the seed?
transpiration
radicle
water conduction
potassium

45. Pollen is produced in the ____ of a flower?
anther
transpiration
tap - fiblous
sweet potato

46. The wood of cone bearing trees - softwoods - consists of primary traechids - while the wood of flowering trees - hardwoods - consists of traechids and ____?
lose
penicilin
3 carbon pathway
vessels

47. Which of the following is a specialized root?
sweet potato
into the cell
axillary buds
glycolysis

48. The type of root system found in a dicot is a ___?
penetrate very deeply to underground water reservoirs
root hairs
vessels
taproots

49. Stems differ from roots in ___?
compound - simple
pressure-flow hypothesis
having a special covering called the root cap
antenna pigments

50. The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from ___?
receptacle
dioecious; staminate
water molecules
grows back every year