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Test your basic knowledge |
Cancer
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Begin in the cells of the immune system
Initiation
Benign
Risk factors
Lymphoma and Myeloma
2. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible
Promotion
Financial Implications
Grade 2
Preventable causes of cancer
3. Major cause is smoking
Progression
Bladder Cancer
Central nervous system cancers
Pre-op Nursing management
4. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive
Multi-agent regimens
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Arrest
Promotion
5. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells
Bladder Cancer
Growth factors
Immunogenicity
Angiogenesis
6. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs
Carcinoma
Methods of Chemo Administration
Radiation side effects
Prophylaxis
7. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram
Immunogenicity
Stage 2 Lymphoma
Staging=
Central nervous system cancers
8. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node
Stage 1 Lymphoma
Immunogenicity
Prophylaxis
Stages of Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's)
9. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible
What is Cancer?
Adjuvant
Promotion
Histological analysis classification
10. 1st to occur because heart and brain are very important organs
Methods of Chemo Administration
Kidney failure
Cancer Cell growth
Metastasis
11. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease
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12. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response
Bladder Cancer
3 ways cancer can spread
Immunogenicity
Carcinoma
13. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis
Metastasis
Stage 2 Lymphoma
Lydomyte
Initiation
14. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries
Direct Extension
Histological classification
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Prophylaxis
15. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram
Central nervous system cancers
Stage 2 Lymphoma
Cancers related to infectious exposure
Bio therapy
16. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)
Oncogenes
Pre-op Nursing management
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Extent of disease classification
17. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo
Disease Control
Grade 4
Chemotherapy Side Effects
Mutation
18. Mimic body's immune system
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Staging=
Bio therapies
Benign
19. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo
Chemotherapy Side Effects
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Financial Implications
20. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4
Bio therapy
Bio therapies
Arrest
Histological analysis classification
21. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Diagnostic Studies
Women's #1 cancer
22. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)
Preventable causes of cancer
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Frequency of cancer
Metastasis
23. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a
Stage 4 Lymphoma
Prophylaxis
Cancer treatment goals
Risk factors
24. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord
Central nervous system cancers
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Preventable causes of cancer
Cancer treatment goals
25. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=
Chemotherapy and palliation
Neoadjuvant
Bladder Cancer
Diagnostic Studies
26. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells
Central nervous system cancers
Initiation
Angiogenesis
Bio therapy
27. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today
Cancer Incidence
Cancer Surgery
Chemotherapy cure
Methods of Chemo Administration
28. Mimic body's immune system
Women's #1 cancer
Disease Control
Histological analysis classification
Bio therapies
29. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)
Risk factors
Initiation
Cancer Surgery
Carcinoma
30. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis
Stages of Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's)
Lydomyte
Cancer Surgery
Direct Extension
31. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a
Stage 1 Lymphoma
Normal cell growth
Risk factors
Tumor-suppressor Genes
32. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease
Multi-agent regimens
Direct Extension
3 ways cancer can spread
Prognostic factors
33. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens
Pre-op Nursing management
Mutation
Grade 2
Staging=
34. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.
Tumor Markers
Diagnostic Studies
Stage 4 Lymphoma
Genetic influences associated with cancer
35. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)
Initiation
Tumor Markers
Oncogenes
Pre-op Nursing management
36. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens
Mutation
Normal cell growth
Benign
What is Cancer?
37. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander
Cancers related to infectious exposure
Diagnostic Studies
Chemotherapy cure
Normal cell growth
38. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated
Financial Implications
Cancer treatment goals
Grade 3
Chemotherapy Side Effects
39. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated
Mutation
Genetic influences associated with cancer
Grade 2
Chemotherapy and palliation
40. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander
Lydomyte
Normal cell growth
What is Cancer?
Grade 4
41. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl
Cancer Cell growth
Chemotherapy control
Post-op Management
Post-op Management
42. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes
Nursing management
Promotion
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Initiation
43. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells
Chemotherapy
Arrest
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
Angiogenesis
44. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)
Neoadjuvant
Preventable causes of cancer
Chemotherapy cure
Initiation
45. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells
Carcinoma
Women's #1 cancer
Cancer treatment goals
Progression
46. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence
Tumor Markers
3 ways cancer can spread
Radiation
Genetic influences associated with cancer
47. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.
Histological Characteristic
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Post-op Management
Radiation Internal
48. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from
Histological classification
Angiogenesis
Extent of disease classification
Initiation
49. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes
Genetic influences associated with cancer
Stage 2 Lymphoma
Bio therapy
Breast cancer
50. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence
Cancer treatments
Angiogenesis
Tumor Markers
Grade 1
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