Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






2. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






3. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






4. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






5. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






6. Breast cancer

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7. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






8. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






9. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






10. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






11. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






12. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






13. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






14. The use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells -Multi-agent regimens superior to single drug administration -Can be used pre-op -Mainstay of therapy






15. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






16. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






17. What cell is is? - How agressive?






18. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.






19. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






20. Cancer stays in one place






21. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






22. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






23. Limit Growth






24. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






25. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






26. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






27. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






28. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






29. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






30. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






31. Different drugs to affect periods of cell cycle






32. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






33. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






34. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






35. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






36. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






37. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






38. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






39. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






40. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






41. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






42. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






43. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






44. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






45. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other






46. Limit Growth






47. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






48. 1st to occur because heart and brain are very important organs






49. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma






50. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=