Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma






2. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






3. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






4. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






5. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






6. The use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells -Multi-agent regimens superior to single drug administration -Can be used pre-op -Mainstay of therapy






7. Most common cancer in American women -Second leading cause of cancer deaths in America -Bracogene defect






8. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






9. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






10. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






11. 66%






12. Major cause is smoking






13. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






14. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






15. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






16. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






17. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






18. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






19. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow






20. Cancer stays in one place






21. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response






22. Major cause is smoking






23. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






24. Mimic body's immune system






25. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy






26. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






27. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






28. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






29. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






30. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






31. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






32. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






33. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






34. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






35. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain






36. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






37. Limit Growth






38. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






39. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






40. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






41. Breast cancer

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42. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






43. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






44. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






45. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.






46. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma






47. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow






48. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from






49. Begin in the cells of the immune system






50. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells