Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






2. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy






3. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






4. Major cause is smoking






5. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






6. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






7. Cancer stays in one place






8. Mimic body's immune system






9. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






10. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






11. What cell is is? - How agressive?






12. 66%






13. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






14. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






15. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






16. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery






17. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






18. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






19. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.






20. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






21. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






22. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






23. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells






24. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






25. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






26. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






27. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






28. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






29. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






30. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






31. Extent of disease






32. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






33. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






34. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






35. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






36. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease

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37. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






38. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






39. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






40. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






41. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






42. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






43. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow






44. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






45. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






46. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






47. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






48. Education related to treatment & side effects -Ongoing skin assessment-Management of skin irritations -Assessment for fatigue- most common and disabling side effect -Education about fatigue management -rest periods-mild exercise -Emotional support du






49. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






50. What cell is is? - How agressive?