Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






2. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






3. Cancer stays in one place






4. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






5. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






6. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






7. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






8. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






9. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






10. Cancer stays in one place






11. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






12. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






13. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






14. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






15. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






16. To prevent future development in high risk areas






17. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation






18. Begin in the cells of the immune system






19. Major cause is smoking






20. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






21. 66%






22. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






23. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






24. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






25. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






26. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






27. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






28. 66%






29. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






30. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






31. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries






32. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






33. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






34. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






35. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






36. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






37. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






38. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






39. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






40. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






41. Immediate post-Op assessments and cares (per hospital policy) -Pain management -Monitor for complications (e.g. infection) -Reinforce post-op self-cares (tubes - site - etc)-Assess psychosocial response -Assess for body image fears






42. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






43. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other






44. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






45. Limit Growth






46. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






47. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






48. Breast cancer


49. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






50. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node