Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






2. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






3. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response






4. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






5. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






6. Cancer stays in one place






7. Most common cancer in American women -Second leading cause of cancer deaths in America -Bracogene defect






8. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






9. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






10. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






11. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






12. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






13. Limit Growth






14. Cancer stays in one place






15. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain






16. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






17. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension






18. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






19. Different drugs to affect periods of cell cycle






20. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






21. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






22. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






23. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






24. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






25. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






26. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






27. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation






28. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells






29. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






30. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






31. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






32. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






33. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery






34. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






35. Different drugs to affect periods of cell cycle






36. To prevent future development in high risk areas






37. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






38. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






39. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






40. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






41. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






42. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






43. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






44. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






45. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






46. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






47. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






48. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






49. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






50. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries