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Test your basic knowledge |
Cancer
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body
Arrest
Frequency of cancer
Malignant
Prognostic factors
2. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain
Radiation side effects
Carcinoma
Grade 3
Cancer Surgery
3. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4
Direct Extension
Grade 2
Histological analysis classification
Frequency of cancer
4. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Prophylaxis
Radiation External
Chemotherapy and palliation
5. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a
Cancer treatments
Growth factors
Risk factors
Grade 2
6. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy
Malignant
Cancer treatments
Staging=
Histological classification
7. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl
Oncogenes
Cancer Cell growth
Radiation Internal
Stages of Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's)
8. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells
Cancers related to infectious exposure
Benign
Progression
Methods of Chemo Administration
9. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Neoadjuvant
Initiation
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
10. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response
Women's #1 cancer
Chemotherapy Side Effects
Bio therapies
Immunogenicity
11. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Bladder Cancer
Oncogenes
Chemotherapy
12. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)
3 ways cancer can spread
Cancer Cell growth
Stage 1 Lymphoma
Financial Implications
13. Major cause is smoking
Stages of Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's)
Chemotherapy control
Grade 1
Bladder Cancer
14. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord
Central nervous system cancers
Sarcoma
Immunogenicity
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
15. Limit Growth
Disease Control
Lydomyte
Radiation Internal
Financial Implications
16. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)
Cancer Surgery
Bio therapy
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Methods of Chemo Administration
17. 66%
Mutation
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Chemotherapy
Nursing management
18. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible
Promotion
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Risk factors
Chemotherapy and palliation
19. Cells differ slightly from normal cells
Grade 1
Promotion
Radiation
Cancer treatments
20. Begin in the cells of the immune system
Genetic influences associated with cancer
Chemotherapy Side Effects
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Lymphoma and Myeloma
21. To prevent future development in high risk areas
Prophylaxis
Cancer Incidence
Normal cell growth
Cancers related to infectious exposure
22. Extent of disease
Staging=
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
Immunogenicity
Cancer Surgery
23. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4
Radiation
Leukemia
Histological analysis classification
Mutation
24. Most common cancer in American women -Second leading cause of cancer deaths in America -Bracogene defect
Breast cancer
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
Malignant
25. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated
Financial Implications
Grade 2
Chemotherapy and palliation
Cancer Surgery
26. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow
Leukemia
Tumor Markers
Histological Characteristic
Pre-op Nursing management
27. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor
Nursing management
Metastasis
Kidney failure
Chemotherapy
28. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Grade 4
Mutation
Grading=
29. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Immunogenicity
Extent of disease classification
Promotion
30. Polypeptides that influence cell growth
Lydomyte
Immunogenicity
Prognostic factors
Growth factors
31. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
What is Cancer?
Radiation External
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
32. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix
Cancer Incidence
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Smoking related cancers
Chemotherapy
33. 66%
Mutation
Radiation External
Stage 2 Lymphoma
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
34. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells
Grading=
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Arrest
Stage 4 Lymphoma
35. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension
Stage 4 Lymphoma
Cancer treatment goals
3 ways cancer can spread
Chemotherapy control
36. Cancer stays in one place
Chemotherapy control
Benign
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Normal cell growth
37. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)
Preventable causes of cancer
Metastasis
Cancer treatment goals
Stage 4 Lymphoma
38. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery
Normal cell growth
Pre-op Nursing management
Histological Characteristic
Neoadjuvant
39. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from
Risk factors
Malignant
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Histological classification
40. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node
Stage 2 Lymphoma
3 ways cancer can spread
Stage 1 Lymphoma
Screening & early detection of Breast cancer
41. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis
Oncogenes
Lydomyte
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Central nervous system cancers
42. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)
Histological analysis classification
Prognostic factors
Preventable causes of cancer
Financial Implications
43. Extent of disease
Radiation
Staging=
Radiation side effects
Tumor Markers
44. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today
Growth factors
Cancer treatment goals
Cancer Incidence
Chemotherapy and palliation
45. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension
Cancer treatment goals
3 ways cancer can spread
Women's #1 cancer
Grade 3
46. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl
Histological classification
Progression
Bio therapy
Cancer Cell growth
47. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=
Bio therapies
Diagnostic Studies
Grade 3
Stage 2 Lymphoma
48. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral
Grade 1
Frequency of cancer
Women's #1 cancer
Methods of Chemo Administration
49. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Prognostic factors
Methods of Chemo Administration
Histological classification
50. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes
Genetic influences associated with cancer
Normal cell growth
Cancer Incidence
Histological Characteristic