Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension






2. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






3. What cell is is? - How agressive?






4. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






5. Major cause is smoking






6. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






7. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






8. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






9. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






10. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






11. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






12. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease

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13. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






14. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






15. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






16. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






17. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






18. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






19. The use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells -Multi-agent regimens superior to single drug administration -Can be used pre-op -Mainstay of therapy






20. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






21. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease

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22. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






23. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






24. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






25. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






26. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






27. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension






28. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






29. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






30. Limit Growth






31. Extent of disease






32. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






33. Breast cancer

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34. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response






35. To prevent future development in high risk areas






36. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






37. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.






38. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






39. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






40. Major cause is smoking






41. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






42. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






43. 66%






44. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






45. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






46. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






47. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






48. What cell is is? - How agressive?






49. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






50. Begin in the cells of the immune system