Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






2. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






3. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






4. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






5. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






6. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






7. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






8. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






9. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






10. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






11. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






12. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






13. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy






14. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






15. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries






16. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






17. Breast cancer

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18. Different drugs to affect periods of cell cycle






19. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma






20. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






21. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






22. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






23. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






24. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






25. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery






26. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






27. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






28. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries






29. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






30. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






31. Education related to treatment & side effects -Ongoing skin assessment-Management of skin irritations -Assessment for fatigue- most common and disabling side effect -Education about fatigue management -rest periods-mild exercise -Emotional support du






32. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






33. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






34. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






35. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






36. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






37. Begin in the cells of the immune system






38. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






39. Mimic body's immune system






40. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






41. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)






42. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation






43. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






44. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






45. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






46. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other






47. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






48. Major cause is smoking






49. 66%






50. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated