Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






2. Limit Growth






3. Begin in the cells of the immune system






4. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






5. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation






6. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






7. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






8. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






9. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






10. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






11. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease


12. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






13. Extent of disease






14. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






15. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






16. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






17. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






18. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






19. To prevent future development in high risk areas






20. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






21. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery






22. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






23. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






24. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






25. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






26. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






27. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






28. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






29. Cancer stays in one place






30. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






31. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






32. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






33. Immediate post-Op assessments and cares (per hospital policy) -Pain management -Monitor for complications (e.g. infection) -Reinforce post-op self-cares (tubes - site - etc)-Assess psychosocial response -Assess for body image fears






34. 66%






35. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






36. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






37. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






38. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






39. 66%






40. Cancer stays in one place






41. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain






42. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma






43. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






44. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






45. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






46. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






47. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






48. Most common cancer in American women -Second leading cause of cancer deaths in America -Bracogene defect






49. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






50. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible