Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






2. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






3. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






4. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






5. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






6. Extent of disease






7. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






8. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






9. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






10. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






11. Limit Growth






12. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






13. Nausea & Vomiting -Bone marrow suppression -Alopecia: Hair loss -Weight gain or loss -Anorexia -Fatigue -Decline in functional status -Mucositis-'chemo' brain: foggyness that happens post chemo






14. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






15. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






16. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






17. What cell is is? - How agressive?






18. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response






19. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






20. Medication that caused birth defects by cutting off blood supply - now trying to use it to cut off angiogenesis






21. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation






22. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue






23. Mimic body's immune system






24. Cancer stays in one place






25. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






26. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






27. To prevent future development in high risk areas






28. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






29. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






30. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






31. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






32. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






33. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease

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34. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from






35. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






36. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






37. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






38. Begin in the cells of the immune system






39. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)






40. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






41. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






42. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






43. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






44. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






45. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






46. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells






47. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






48. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






49. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






50. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery