Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






2. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






3. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine






4. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






5. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






6. Mimic body's immune system






7. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






8. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






9. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






10. Tumor cell to elicit and immune response






11. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






12. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






13. Breast cancer


14. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






15. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






16. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






17. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






18. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






19. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






20. 66%






21. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






22. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram






23. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






24. 66%






25. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






26. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






27. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






28. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






29. Assist with decision making (teaching) -Assess psychosocial status & needs -Assess understanding of intervention -Reinforce info. about procedure - complications. - hospital procedures - & follow-up management -Educate regarding post-op self cares






30. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






31. Different drugs to affect periods of cell cycle






32. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






33. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow






34. 1st to occur because heart and brain are very important organs






35. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






36. Mimic body's immune system






37. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






38. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






39. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






40. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






41. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






42. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






43. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






44. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






45. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






46. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow






47. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






48. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease






49. Major cause is smoking






50. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today