Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






2. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






3. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence






4. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






5. Polypeptides that influence cell growth






6. Advanced age -Benign proliferate disease -Reproductive risk factors -Environmental (radiation & pestisides) -Hormonal factors (oral contraceptives)-Energy expenditure (weight gain - lack of physical activity)-Dietary risk factor: high fat intake & a






7. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other






8. Begin in the cells of the immune system






9. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






10. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






11. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






12. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






13. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






14. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






15. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes






16. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






17. Begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs






18. Most common form - Linear accelerator generates ionizing radiation






19. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






20. Extent of disease






21. What cell is is? - How agressive?






22. Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells






23. The use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells -Multi-agent regimens superior to single drug administration -Can be used pre-op -Mainstay of therapy






24. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






25. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






26. 1st to occur because heart and brain are very important organs






27. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






28. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes






29. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






30. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






31. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain






32. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






33. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=






34. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






35. Spread of cancer to other organs. Eg:- in colon ->muscularis-> into ovaries






36. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






37. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






38. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






39. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy






40. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






41. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






42. Education related to treatment & side effects -Ongoing skin assessment-Management of skin irritations -Assessment for fatigue- most common and disabling side effect -Education about fatigue management -rest periods-mild exercise -Emotional support du






43. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






44. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination






45. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






46. Assist with decision making (teaching) -Assess psychosocial status & needs -Assess understanding of intervention -Reinforce info. about procedure - complications. - hospital procedures - & follow-up management -Educate regarding post-op self cares






47. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






48. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)






49. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)






50. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma