Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology






2. Extent of disease






3. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral






4. Begin in the cells of the immune system






5. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






6. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






7. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






8. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






9. Relieve pain - Relieve obstruction






10. Begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord






11. Based on spread of disease staging -Tumor Node Metastasis classification system -Stage 0-4






12. The cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or one organ or area outside the lymph node






13. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other






14. The disease involves lymph nodes both above & below the diaphragm.






15. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy






16. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time






17. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma






18. ~1 -368 -030 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed this year~ 563 -650 Americans are expected to die of cancer this year ~ 9.6 million Americans with a history of cancer are alive today






19. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens






20. Cells more abnormal - moderately differentiated






21. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)






22. Stage 1: Early disease - Stage 2: Locally advanced disease - Stage 3: Advanced disease - Stage 4: widespread disease

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23. Final stage -Increased growth rate of tumor -Increased invasiveness -Detectable mass= 1 cm and 1 billion cells






24. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain






25. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from






26. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.






27. Secondary effect of an agent -alone may not be able to induce malignancy -some initiators may act as own promoters (cigarette tars) -activities of promoters is reversible






28. Inappropriately active versions of proto-oncogens (normal genes before mutation) code for proteins that induce malignant growth by turning on cell division (growth factors)






29. Strictly regulated -Predetermined to differentiate into specific cell type -Controlled cell death (apoptosis) & proliferation -Contact inhibition -Cell surface adherence-Inability to wander






30. Fibrin mesh work protection from host's immune cells






31. Cells differ slightly from normal cells






32. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix






33. Breast cancer

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34. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis






35. A group of more than 200 diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells -caused by both external and internal factors -second leading cause of death in U.S.






36. Cancer cells that go to other parts of the body






37. Cancer stays in one place






38. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity






39. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence






40. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.






41. Spread of cancer from an initial site -Includes: angiogenesis - Invasion - Transport - Immunogenicity - arrest - Establishment of a secondary tumor






42. Mimic body's immune system






43. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive






44. Appearance & degree of differentiation - Grading-> GX-G4






45. What cell is is? - How agressive?






46. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl






47. Burkitt's Lymphoma -Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Testicular cancer






48. Cells are very abnormal - Moderately differentiated






49. Blood - Lymph - Direct extension






50. -Defect in differentiation-Secrete enzyme to dissolve binding protein fibronectin- no cell surface adherence -Loss of ability to stop dividing- uncontrolled proliferation-Doubling time (exponential growth)-Loss of cell borders -ability to form new bl