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Test your basic knowledge |
Cancer
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exposure->mutation - Initiation - Promotion - Progression & metastasis
Neoadjuvant
Oncogenes
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Malignant
2. Brachytherapy -Sources are placed directly into tumor or in close proximity (e.g. lung - cervical - prostate)
Stage 4 Lymphoma
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Radiation Internal
Leukemia
3. The use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells -Multi-agent regimens superior to single drug administration -Can be used pre-op -Mainstay of therapy
Disease Control
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Chemotherapy
4. Tobacco -1/3 of all new cases of cancer are related to nutrition - physical inactivity and obesity -Radiation (~1 billion new cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer will be diagnosed this year)
Preventable causes of cancer
Cancer Surgery
Diagnostic Studies
Frequency of cancer
5. The cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphram
Radiation side effects
Immunogenicity
Carcinogenesis (3 stages)
Stage 2 Lymphoma
6. Extent of disease
Initiation
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Risk factors
Staging=
7. Polypeptides that influence cell growth
Stage 4 Lymphoma
Growth factors
Chemotherapy cure
Neoadjuvant
8. Cells differ slightly from normal cells
Post-op Management
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Nursing management
Grade 1
9. Distinguishing the mutant cell (appearance & differentiation) aka histology
Grading=
Chemotherapy cure
Mutation
Kidney failure
10. 66%
Promotion
Histological classification
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Direct Extension
11. Most common cancer in American women -Second leading cause of cancer deaths in America -Bracogene defect
Breast cancer
Angiogenesis
Adjuvant
Direct Extension
12. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence
Tumor Markers
Central nervous system cancers
Lydomyte
Adjuvant
13. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation
Grade 3
Grading=
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Radiation
14. The ER and PR status of the tumor -The measures of proliferative capacity of the tumor -Her2/neu gene amplification.
The histologic and nuclear grade of the primary tumor
Oncogenes
Immunogenicity
Malignant
15. Grade 1-4 - grade by cell when we can't tell where its from
Financial Implications
Chemotherapy and palliation
Histological classification
Cancer treatment goals
16. Malignant transformation causing mutation of DNA Can be caused by: -Inherited mutation during DNA replication -Exposure to chemical - radiation - or virus (Carcinogens) -Cancer related genes
Growth factors
Smoking related cancers
Post-op Management
Initiation
17. Used in Prevention - determine the diagnostic and treatment plan (clinical staging) - Cure and or control of cancer - Supportive care - Rehabilitation - Palliation of symptoms - Diagnosis (biopsy)
Cancer Surgery
Radiation
Radiation External
Stage 2 Lymphoma
18. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence
Arrest
Cancer Surgery
Disease Control
Adjuvant
19. Cells are immature and primitive - Origin of cells difficult to determine
Bladder Cancer
Histological analysis classification
Grade 4
Initiation
20. Surgery - Radiation - Chemotherapy - Biotherapy - Hormonal therapy
Grade 2
Multi-agent regimens
Cancer treatments
Carcinoma
21. Begins in bone - cartilage - fat - muscle - blood vessels - or other connective or supportive tissue
Smoking related cancers
Stage 2 Lymphoma
Tumor Markers
Sarcoma
22. Immediate post-Op assessments and cares (per hospital policy) -Pain management -Monitor for complications (e.g. infection) -Reinforce post-op self-cares (tubes - site - etc)-Assess psychosocial response -Assess for body image fears
Histological Characteristic
3 ways cancer can spread
Cancers related to infectious exposure
Post-op Management
23. Code for proteins to turn off cell growth - loss of function - Recessive
Tumor-suppressor Genes
3 ways cancer can spread
Cancer Incidence
Multi-agent regimens
24. The lymphoma has advanced beyond the lymph nodes and spleen and has spread to one or more organs such as bone - bone marrow skin or liver.
Stage 4 Lymphoma
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Radiation side effects
Stage 1 Lymphoma
25. Begin in the cells of the immune system
Progression
Normal cell growth
Lymphoma and Myeloma
Frequency of cancer
26. Depending upon site -skin: dry - itchy - red and irritated - desquamation (skin peeling) -Heart -Bowel & bladder -skin erythema -hyper pigmentation -Itching -Fatigue -Dry or moist desquamation -Edema -Loss of sensation -Pain
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Benign
Radiation side effects
Carcinoma
27. Proteins and antigens - Monitor for recurrence
Chemotherapy
Tumor Markers
Grade 1
Disease Control
28. 1.Breast 2.Prostate 3.Lung 4.Colon 5.UNK PRIM 6.Stomach 7.Rectum 8.pancreas 9.Bladder 10.Lymphoma 11.All other
Staging=
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Frequency of cancer
29. Breast cancer - non-hodgkin's lymphoma
Grade 4
Risk factors
Chemotherapy control
Disease Control
30. Primary Therapy -Neoadjuvant -Adjuvant (with something) -Prophylaxis -Disease Control -Palliation
Carcinoma
Radiation
Cancer Incidence
Central nervous system cancers
31. Intravenous -Intraarterial -Intrapeitoneal -Intrathecal:into spinal canal -Intravesical Bladder -Oral
Methods of Chemo Administration
Grade 2
Grading=
Extent of disease classification
32. Cancer stays in one place
Kidney failure
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Benign
Preventable causes of cancer
33. Interluken vaccines-> pumping body full of what you normally produce -When stopping this therapy monitor for normal body functioning and antibiotics to resume could take some time
Bio therapy
Cancer Incidence
Stage 3 Lymphoma
Bladder Cancer
34. High cost sharing -Caps on benefits -Life time maximums -High health care costs if too sick to work -Waiting periods -Strict restrictions on eligibility -Premiums too expensive to afford. Uninsured and COBRA (makes your insurance go up)
Prognostic factors
Prophylaxis
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Financial Implications
35. Routine mammography-Digital mammography -Clinical breast examination -Breast self examination
Preventable causes of cancer
Screening & early detection of Breast cancer
Stages of Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's)
Disease Control
36. The age & menopausal status of patient -The stage of the disease
Oncogenes
Prognostic factors
Chemotherapy and cell cycle
Angiogenesis
37. Cancer stays in one place
Mutation
Benign
Prophylaxis
Radiation Internal
38. Cure - Control - palliation (pain relive)
Bladder Cancer
Grade 4
Prophylaxis
Cancer treatment goals
39. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-> Cervical cancer Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-> Liver cancer HIV->Capoze's sarcomaEbstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-> Perkins (rare) lymphoma
Cancers related to infectious exposure
Disease Control
Grade 4
Stage 2 Lymphoma
40. Lung - Lyrnyx - Esophagus - pancreas - mouth - stomach - leukemia - bladder - kidney - cervix
Grade 2
Chemotherapy and palliation
Bladder Cancer
Smoking related cancers
41. 1st to occur because heart and brain are very important organs
Kidney failure
Frequency of cancer
Prophylaxis
Cancers related to infectious exposure
42. Clinical breast exam -Diagnostic mammography -Ultrasound -Biopsy -MRI -PET (look @ metastatic pattern)=
Leukemia
Metastasis
Diagnostic Studies
Women's #1 cancer
43. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens
Staging=
Oncogenes
Mutation
Bio therapy
44. Post surgery or chemotherapy - Goal to reduce risk of local recurrence
Sarcoma
Mutation
Adjuvant
Carcinoma
45. Starts in blood forming tissue such as bone marrow
Leukemia
Nursing management
Disease Control
Smoking related cancers
46. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery
Prophylaxis
Neoadjuvant
Initiation
Normal cell growth
47. A permanent change in a DNA nucleotide sequence can be spontaneously or caused by mutagens
Mutation
Cancer Incidence
Metastasis
Bio therapies
48. Mutation - Oncogenes - Tumor suppressor genes
Genetic influences associated with cancer
Metastasis
Tumor-suppressor Genes
Radiation side effects
49. Preoperative with or without chemotherapy - Goal to shrink tumor before surgery
Chemotherapy control
Leukemia
The 5 year relative survival rate fro all cancers combined is...
Neoadjuvant
50. Given at the same time b/c different mechanisms of action that lower the amount of drugs given-> decrease toxicity
Cancer Cell growth
Diagnostic Studies
Metastasis
Multi-agent regimens