Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Wireless Security

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. IAPP roaming protocol
1. In-band virtual gateway -- is at L2 and intercepts all traffic and re-tags the default/untrusted vlan to the trusted vlan - based on compliance 2. In-Band Real IP Gateway - is the gateway 3. Out-of-band virtual gateway (same is 1 - except traffic
Inter Access Point Protocol uses UDP between aps to exchange information about new aps (announce) in the area and handoffs that have occurred when client roams
Clients send info re: previously associated aps to current ap - so it can use this information to inform current clients about neighboring aps. Requires CCXv2
1. User performs .1x with RADIUS 2. WLC forwards radius accounting start to NAM (along with clients IP) 3. clients NAA detects network con. & tries to connect to NAM. 4. NAS Intercepts step 3 & contacts NAM itself to see if client is in the online li

2. What does IBN allow you to assign
WLCs create a deriviative of the PMK - called Opportunistic Key Caching (OPC) for fast-roaming among HREAPs in the same HREAP group.
ACL - or Interface-name configured in ACS -1. Interface Configuration --> RADIUS (Cisco Airspace) and check off: Air-Qos-Level - Aire-DSCP - Aire-802.1p tag - Aire-Interface-name - Air-ACL-Name
based on auth. group -1. vlan 2. qos 3. acl 4. tunnel attributes
WLC generates a Message Integrity Check Information Element (MIC IE) - which includes a sequence # - and aps add it to each mgmt frame. Clients ignore this IE - as they do not understand it.

3. What does Proactive Key Caching do
clients are load ballanced between them - this can not be configured otherwise.
EAP-FAST with anonymous pac provisioning
1. RSSI 2. Duration 3. Client Count 4. No encryption 5. Managed SSID (ie UNLV) 6. SSID
Sends the PMK to all WLCs that the client can roam to.

4. How does CCKM simplify PMK Caching
Inter Access Point Protocol uses UDP between aps to exchange information about new aps (announce) in the area and handoffs that have occurred when client roams
WLC sends a roam-request to a client when it can better serve that client on a different AP. Client can accept or ignore. CCXv4+
1. PMK is only valid for 1 hour -- CCKM creates a main key & derives secondary keys. These secondary keys are sent to all wlc/aps.
uses TLS to secure other eap methods like certs - user/pass - smart cards. Identifies itself to client with certificate. Utilizes: fast reconnect (faster roaming w/ key caching) and server authentication

5. 6 criteria types for rogue classification
1. RSSI 2. Duration 3. Client Count 4. No encryption 5. Managed SSID (ie UNLV) 6. SSID
x509 cert to establish DTLS capwap control tunnel. It can be either 1. LSC 2. MIC (Mafctr installed cert) or 3. SSC
on the WLC -1. Configure an Access vlan & check the quarentine vlan - giving it the quarentine vlan tag 2. on wired net connect the Quarenteen vlan to the untrusted NAS interface. 3. Connect the access vlan to the trusted int. on the nas 4. config sn
1. RSSI 2. SNR 3. Load-Ballancing

6. Steps to configure wlcs for guest wlan
1. config mobility list to support anchor & foreign wlcs (using different mob. groups on ea. to keep auth. seperate between anchor & foreigns) 2. Map the guest wlan on foreign wlc to either mgmt int. or fake dynamic int. (ie dynamic int tied to a vla
enables Identity Based Netowrking (IBN) where wlan settings are changed per-user (qos - vlan - acls - or timeouts)
what must you ensure -1.Exportable 2.Server Auth Cert 3.Store cert in local cert store
Security --> Advanced --> CIDS --> Sensors

7. What is NGS & whats it used for
WLC can detect 802.11 attacks - but not other attacks from valid wireless clients.
Nac Guest Server - used for provisioning guest accts - detailed usage reporting - delivery of creds via emai/sms -
checking allow aaa over-ride in the wlan-->advanced.
1. In-band virtual gateway -- is at L2 and intercepts all traffic and re-tags the default/untrusted vlan to the trusted vlan - based on compliance 2. In-Band Real IP Gateway - is the gateway 3. Out-of-band virtual gateway (same is 1 - except traffic

8. How is IBN-VLAN Selection implemted in ACS
1. Interfac Configuration --> RADIUS (IETF) --> check 64 (Tunnel Type) - 65 (Tunnel Medium Type) - 81 (Tunnel Private-group-id) 2. Navigate to Group Setup and enable the checkboxes for the previous attributes - where 64=VLAN - 65=802 - 81=<Vlan_tag>
Inter Access Point Protocol uses UDP between aps to exchange information about new aps (announce) in the area and handoffs that have occurred when client roams
1. Min. RSSI 2. Roam Hysterisis - how much higher than current RSSI compared to neighbor ap RSSI before roaming request initiates 3. Scan Threshold - How low the current RSSI must be for the client to start scanning for a better ap 4. Transition Time
1. Allow EAP-MSCHAPv2 2. Allow EAP-GTC 3. Check Posture Validation when doing NAC

9. Steps to config. .1x for AP to WLC connections
clients are load ballanced between them - this can not be configured otherwise.
1. User performs .1x with RADIUS 2. WLC forwards radius accounting start to NAM (along with clients IP) 3. clients NAA detects network con. & tries to connect to NAM. 4. NAS Intercepts step 3 & contacts NAM itself to see if client is in the online li
1. Wireless-->AP Global Config-->enable dot1x w/ user/pass 2. Config the switch port to enable auth. to ACS/RADIUS
Asymetric (public & Private key-pair)

10. What must be configured the same for an HREAP not to disconnect clients when failing over (or back) to a WLC
1. WLC must be defined as a VPN Conentrator - in the NAC config. 2. WLC must be configd to send RADIUS acct. to NAC
grouping WLCs or map areas - so Lobby ambassadors can create guest accounts only on certain wlcs
Allows intel clients to request a neighbor list at will.
1. VLAN Mapping 2. WLAN Ordering 3. WLAN Configuration

11. What must be configured for SSO authentication to work
Does not require re-authentication when a client roams - in an 802.1x/WPA2 environment
1. application type 2. security capabilities 3. QoS policy
1. WLC must be defined as a VPN Conentrator - in the NAC config. 2. WLC must be configd to send RADIUS acct. to NAC
HTTPS

12. What part of an 802.11 Beacon contains the security mechanisms in use
Sends the PMK to all WLCs that the client can roam to.
when you want some wlcs to be part of the same mobility group - but not others.
WLC sends a roam-request to a client when it can better serve that client on a different AP. Client can accept or ignore. CCXv4+
RSN Tag. Auth Key mgmt will show PSK - or WPA (for 802.1x) Stands for Robust Security Network

13. Switchport config to enable dot1x on a port
1. client begins in Quarenteen vlan & NAA sends posture assesment to NAS 2. assesment is verified against policies in NAM 3. If in compliance - client is moved to access vlan. If not - NAS sends remediation info to client 4 NAA guides user through re
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
1. Interfac Configuration --> RADIUS (IETF) --> check 64 (Tunnel Type) - 65 (Tunnel Medium Type) - 81 (Tunnel Private-group-id) 2. Navigate to Group Setup and enable the checkboxes for the previous attributes - where 64=VLAN - 65=802 - 81=<Vlan_tag>
mfp-v2

14. How does the Nac Appliance Agent (NAA) work cohesively with 802.1x
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
1812 - Authentication 1813 - Authorization
It handles .1x & NAC auth. with Single Sign on. WLC forwards RADIUS accounting messages (of EAPOL Success) to the NAC upon login - authing the client to nac - & then it goes through posturing
enables Identity Based Netowrking (IBN) where wlan settings are changed per-user (qos - vlan - acls - or timeouts)

15. What is Conditional Web Redirect
after .1x authentication user is forwarded to a splash page. This is done via RADIUS attribute
what must you ensure -1.Exportable 2.Server Auth Cert 3.Store cert in local cert store
WLCs create a deriviative of the PMK - called Opportunistic Key Caching (OPC) for fast-roaming among HREAPs in the same HREAP group.
1. Interfac Configuration --> RADIUS (IETF) --> check 64 (Tunnel Type) - 65 (Tunnel Medium Type) - 81 (Tunnel Private-group-id) 2. Navigate to Group Setup and enable the checkboxes for the previous attributes - where 64=VLAN - 65=802 - 81=<Vlan_tag>

16. What is the radius server override interface option under WLAN-->AAA?
Sends RADIUS packets from a dynamic interface instead of the WLC Mgmt interface address
x509v3 certificate
1. NAC Guest Server (NGS) - Like a RADIUS server when people can create guest accounts 2. Nac Manager (NAM) - Centrilized server for creating policies & profiles that determine network access. 3. Network Access Server (NAS) - The device which control
what must you ensure -1.Exportable 2.Server Auth Cert 3.Store cert in local cert store

17. What does Fast Secure Roaming use re: Keying
Proactive Key Caching (PKC) or CCKM
puts the ap and client through tests to isolate connection issues. This disables the wlan while doing this. Can be used to diagnose .1x auth - .11 association etc. if using ccxv5
1. RSSI 2. Duration 3. Client Count 4. No encryption 5. Managed SSID (ie UNLV) 6. SSID
x509v3 certificate

18. How does infrastructure MFP work
WLC generates a Message Integrity Check Information Element (MIC IE) - which includes a sequence # - and aps add it to each mgmt frame. Clients ignore this IE - as they do not understand it.
100 local accounts max
EAP-FAST with anonymous pac provisioning
1. application type 2. security capabilities 3. QoS policy

19. How is OEAP encrypted
Controll is (mgmnt) not data. To encrypt data: check data encryption under advanced tab of ap config
DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security)
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
WLC RADIUS server only works if passwords are sent in Clear-text from LDAP.

20. What protocol to WLCs use to communicate with IPS
1. v2 - LEAP 2. v3 - EAP-FAST 3. v4 - PEAP & EAP-TLS
HTTPS
dot1x system-auth-control - aaa new-model - aaa authentication dot1x default group radius - radius serve host 10.1.1.2 auth-port 1812 acct port 1813 key <key>
mfp-v2

21. 3 categories of segmented traffic
on the WLC -1. Configure an Access vlan & check the quarentine vlan - giving it the quarentine vlan tag 2. on wired net connect the Quarenteen vlan to the untrusted NAS interface. 3. Connect the access vlan to the trusted int. on the nas 4. config sn
mfp-v2
300ms
1. application type 2. security capabilities 3. QoS policy

22. Switch global config to enable dot1x radius server
dot1x system-auth-control - aaa new-model - aaa authentication dot1x default group radius - radius serve host 10.1.1.2 auth-port 1812 acct port 1813 key <key>
1. Captive Portal 2. NAA (agent installed on windows); auth twice (1 to radius 2 to nac) 3. NAA w/ SSO - user authss once. & wlc auths to nac on their behalf.
1. Off (default) - moves down list and uses next server indefinately. 2. Passive -- Upon failure - server is marked as inactive for (300 seconds) then is put back in list and tried again (if its highest priority). 3. Active -- Actively probes failed
1. Create user acct. in IDS for each WLC in the viewer role 2. add the WLCs IP as an allowed host 3. Obtain the IPS TLS Fingerprint & add it to WLC 4. Enable the client exclusion policy on the WLAN 5. Set msg log level to Alerts to log IPS events

23. Vlan pooling
used with PEAP for user/password authentication
1. Create user acct. in IDS for each WLC in the viewer role 2. add the WLCs IP as an allowed host 3. Obtain the IPS TLS Fingerprint & add it to WLC 4. Enable the client exclusion policy on the WLAN 5. Set msg log level to Alerts to log IPS events
assigning multiple vlans to single wlan - and users are dynamically mapped to one of the vlans in round-robin
based on auth. group -1. vlan 2. qos 3. acl 4. tunnel attributes

24. Encryption types used by SNMPv3
what occurs as a client roams to new ap -WLC forwards cached PMK to AP. Client then forms a Pairwise Transient Key (PTK) via 4-way handshake w/ ap.
Sends the PMK to all WLCs that the client can roam to.
1. CBC-DES 2. CFB-AES-128
Does not require re-authentication when a client roams - in an 802.1x/WPA2 environment

25. Ports to open on fw to allow foreign to anchor controller tunnel to be built
It handles .1x & NAC auth. with Single Sign on. WLC forwards RADIUS accounting messages (of EAPOL Success) to the NAC upon login - authing the client to nac - & then it goes through posturing
Nac Guest Server - used for provisioning guest accts - detailed usage reporting - delivery of creds via emai/sms -
Allows intel clients to request a neighbor list at will.
1. udp 16666 for control traffic 2. IP Protocol 97 (EoIP) for client data traffic

26. Steps to auth with NAA w/ SSO
1. Log into cert. server - from ACS -and click link to install it locally 2. Log into ACS and install cert into local store 3. DL cert chain from CA to ACS store 4. Tell ACS to use that cert from its store 5. restart ACS 6. log back into ACS and inst
1. User performs .1x with RADIUS 2. WLC forwards radius accounting start to NAM (along with clients IP) 3. clients NAA detects network con. & tries to connect to NAM. 4. NAS Intercepts step 3 & contacts NAM itself to see if client is in the online li
assigning multiple vlans to single wlan - and users are dynamically mapped to one of the vlans in round-robin
1. In-band virtual gateway -- is at L2 and intercepts all traffic and re-tags the default/untrusted vlan to the trusted vlan - based on compliance 2. In-Band Real IP Gateway - is the gateway 3. Out-of-band virtual gateway (same is 1 - except traffic

27. Steps to setting up out-of-band virtual gateway setup on the NAS & NAM
1. In-band virtual gateway -- is at L2 and intercepts all traffic and re-tags the default/untrusted vlan to the trusted vlan - based on compliance 2. In-Band Real IP Gateway - is the gateway 3. Out-of-band virtual gateway (same is 1 - except traffic
1. on NAS create an oob profile for the WLC 2. Create a new device in NAM - specifying the WLC mgmt ip 3. device mgmnt-->NAS & add the NAS ip as an oob virt. gateway 4. still on nams nas config page - enter the nas trusted int. ip & untrusted int vla
ACL - or Interface-name configured in ACS -1. Interface Configuration --> RADIUS (Cisco Airspace) and check off: Air-Qos-Level - Aire-DSCP - Aire-802.1p tag - Aire-Interface-name - Air-ACL-Name
mfp-v2

28. What triggers can initiate a WLC to request a client to roam
1. Interfac Configuration --> RADIUS (IETF) --> check 64 (Tunnel Type) - 65 (Tunnel Medium Type) - 81 (Tunnel Private-group-id) 2. Navigate to Group Setup and enable the checkboxes for the previous attributes - where 64=VLAN - 65=802 - 81=<Vlan_tag>
1. Min. RSSI 2. Roam Hysterisis - how much higher than current RSSI compared to neighbor ap RSSI before roaming request initiates 3. Scan Threshold - How low the current RSSI must be for the client to start scanning for a better ap 4. Transition Time
1. Allow EAP-MSCHAPv2 2. Allow EAP-GTC 3. Check Posture Validation when doing NAC
Sends RADIUS packets from a dynamic interface instead of the WLC Mgmt interface address

29. Is data encrypted over a capwap tunnel?
a mobility list can contain multiple mobility groups
1 AP per 15 -000 sq. feet.
Controll is (mgmnt) not data. To encrypt data: check data encryption under advanced tab of ap config
after .1x authentication user is forwarded to a splash page. This is done via RADIUS attribute

30. What does FIPS-2 require for WLC to RADIUS communications
AES-Key Wrap
used with PEAP for user/password authentication
a mobility list can contain multiple mobility groups
Clients send info re: previously associated aps to current ap - so it can use this information to inform current clients about neighboring aps. Requires CCXv2

31. What ports does OEAP use to connect to anchor WLC
UDP 5246 & 5247
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
Allows intel clients to request a neighbor list at will.
EAP-FAST with anonymous pac provisioning

32. What kind of local 802.1x auth. does HREAP support
Proactive Key Caching (PKC) or CCKM
802.11i - 802.11r - 802.11w & 802.11n
after authentication - the client & radius server cache session keys for a configurable amount of time
1. LEAP 2. EAP-FAST

33. Whats included in 802.11-2012
Does not require re-authentication when a client roams - in an 802.1x/WPA2 environment
mititgate non-802.11 attacks
802.11i - 802.11r - 802.11w & 802.11n
Sends the PMK to all WLCs that the client can roam to.

34. Steps to adding an IPS
1. Create user acct. in IDS for each WLC in the viewer role 2. add the WLCs IP as an allowed host 3. Obtain the IPS TLS Fingerprint & add it to WLC 4. Enable the client exclusion policy on the WLAN 5. Set msg log level to Alerts to log IPS events
WLCs create a deriviative of the PMK - called Opportunistic Key Caching (OPC) for fast-roaming among HREAPs in the same HREAP group.
based on auth. group -1. vlan 2. qos 3. acl 4. tunnel attributes
1. Min. RSSI 2. Roam Hysterisis - how much higher than current RSSI compared to neighbor ap RSSI before roaming request initiates 3. Scan Threshold - How low the current RSSI must be for the client to start scanning for a better ap 4. Transition Time

35. How to add IPS TLS info to WLC
Security --> Advanced --> CIDS --> Sensors
DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security)
MFP-1 protects infrastructure from management frame attacks (ie aps only). MFP-2 Protects both infrastructure & clients
AES-Key Wrap

36. What is Ciscos gold confidence level deployment of wIPS aps in a walled environment
1 AP per 15 -000 sq. feet.
1. Allow EAP-MSCHAPv2 2. Allow EAP-GTC 3. Check Posture Validation when doing NAC
1. LEAP 2. EAP-FAST
1. Temporal Key for Unicast 2. Key Confirmation Key (KCK) - used for group handshakes 3. Key Encryption Key (KEK) - for encrypting the group encyrption key used to derive the braodcast/multicast keys.

37. What is needed to use Locally Significat Certificates (LSC) when establishing tunnel from OEAP to WLC
1. v2 - LEAP 2. v3 - EAP-FAST 3. v4 - PEAP & EAP-TLS
Corrospond to top-menu GUI items (wireless - security - monitor etc)
1. Create user acct. in IDS for each WLC in the viewer role 2. add the WLCs IP as an allowed host 3. Obtain the IPS TLS Fingerprint & add it to WLC 4. Enable the client exclusion policy on the WLAN 5. Set msg log level to Alerts to log IPS events
PKI

38. 2 different types of wIPS deployment
1. Integrated -- wIPS monitor mode aps are part of client-serving infrastructure 2. Overlay -- wIPS aps - WCS & WLCs are totally seperate
after authentication - the client & radius server cache session keys for a configurable amount of time
what must you ensure -1.Exportable 2.Server Auth Cert 3.Store cert in local cert store
Clients send info re: previously associated aps to current ap - so it can use this information to inform current clients about neighboring aps. Requires CCXv2

39. Steps to posture assesment
EAP-FAST with anonymous pac provisioning
Sends RADIUS packets from a dynamic interface instead of the WLC Mgmt interface address
1. client begins in Quarenteen vlan & NAA sends posture assesment to NAS 2. assesment is verified against policies in NAM 3. If in compliance - client is moved to access vlan. If not - NAS sends remediation info to client 4 NAA guides user through re
specifies fast bss transitions by allowing negotiations and requests for wireless resources to occur simultaneously. Does this by allowing for part of the key to be cached (server key) among the network - so full 802.1x auth. isnt required

40. WLC Tacacs+ roles
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
Corrospond to top-menu GUI items (wireless - security - monitor etc)
Only when all the RADIUS servers defined globally are unreachable. (ie. even if not called out under WLAN-->AAA - the global RADIUS servers will be used instead of local profile)
uses certificates

41. Steps to roaming in 802.1R
same as steps to roaming in non-802.1R except: skips PMK negotiation & piggybacks PTK & QoS with the 802.11 authentication & association messages
1. CBC-DES 2. CFB-AES-128
1. application type 2. security capabilities 3. QoS policy
1. Min. RSSI 2. Roam Hysterisis - how much higher than current RSSI compared to neighbor ap RSSI before roaming request initiates 3. Scan Threshold - How low the current RSSI must be for the client to start scanning for a better ap 4. Transition Time

42. What are virtual domains used for in WCS
uses TLS to secure other eap methods like certs - user/pass - smart cards. Identifies itself to client with certificate. Utilizes: fast reconnect (faster roaming w/ key caching) and server authentication
RSN Tag. Auth Key mgmt will show PSK - or WPA (for 802.1x) Stands for Robust Security Network
grouping WLCs or map areas - so Lobby ambassadors can create guest accounts only on certain wlcs
1. RSSI 2. SNR 3. Load-Ballancing

43. What is the IEEE Standards version of MFP
Does not require re-authentication when a client roams - in an 802.1x/WPA2 environment
1. Wireless-->AP Global Config-->enable dot1x w/ user/pass 2. Config the switch port to enable auth. to ACS/RADIUS
1. VLAN Mapping 2. WLAN Ordering 3. WLAN Configuration
802.11w

44. Steps to installing Server Cert into ACS
1. Log into cert. server - from ACS -and click link to install it locally 2. Log into ACS and install cert into local store 3. DL cert chain from CA to ACS store 4. Tell ACS to use that cert from its store 5. restart ACS 6. log back into ACS and inst
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
HTTPS
1. Captive Portal 2. NAA (agent installed on windows); auth twice (1 to radius 2 to nac) 3. NAA w/ SSO - user authss once. & wlc auths to nac on their behalf.

45. Peap fast reconnect
1. CAPWAP 2. NMSP (network mobility services) 3. SNMP 4. SOAP/XML
1. config mobility list to support anchor & foreign wlcs (using different mob. groups on ea. to keep auth. seperate between anchor & foreigns) 2. Map the guest wlan on foreign wlc to either mgmt int. or fake dynamic int. (ie dynamic int tied to a vla
after authentication - the client & radius server cache session keys for a configurable amount of time
Allows intel clients to request a neighbor list at will.

46. Why add an IPS if WLCs already detect attacks.
WLC can detect 802.11 attacks - but not other attacks from valid wireless clients.
1. PMK is only valid for 1 hour -- CCKM creates a main key & derives secondary keys. These secondary keys are sent to all wlc/aps.
It handles .1x & NAC auth. with Single Sign on. WLC forwards RADIUS accounting messages (of EAPOL Success) to the NAC upon login - authing the client to nac - & then it goes through posturing
WLCs create a deriviative of the PMK - called Opportunistic Key Caching (OPC) for fast-roaming among HREAPs in the same HREAP group.

47. Methods for authenticating to NAC
1. NAC Guest Server (NGS) - Like a RADIUS server when people can create guest accounts 2. Nac Manager (NAM) - Centrilized server for creating policies & profiles that determine network access. 3. Network Access Server (NAS) - The device which control
1. Captive Portal 2. NAA (agent installed on windows); auth twice (1 to radius 2 to nac) 3. NAA w/ SSO - user authss once. & wlc auths to nac on their behalf.
1. Create user acct. in IDS for each WLC in the viewer role 2. add the WLCs IP as an allowed host 3. Obtain the IPS TLS Fingerprint & add it to WLC 4. Enable the client exclusion policy on the WLAN 5. Set msg log level to Alerts to log IPS events
a mobility list can contain multiple mobility groups

48. Briefly describe eap-mschapv2
switchport mode access - dot1x pae authenticator - dot1x port-control auto
DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security)
1. Scanning - for other aps in the area 2. exchanging 802.11 auth messages (first from client then from ap) w/ the target ap 3. exchanging re-association messages with target ap 4. dot1x master key (PMK) negotiation 5. key derivation - 4way handshake
used with PEAP for user/password authentication

49. Enhanced Neighbor list
MFP-1 protects infrastructure from management frame attacks (ie aps only). MFP-2 Protects both infrastructure & clients
is provided to clients as they associate - including neighbor ap info like channel - rssi etc.
Proactive Key Caching (PKC) or CCKM
1. Min. RSSI 2. Roam Hysterisis - how much higher than current RSSI compared to neighbor ap RSSI before roaming request initiates 3. Scan Threshold - How low the current RSSI must be for the client to start scanning for a better ap 4. Transition Time

50. Protocols used in wIPS
1. CAPWAP 2. NMSP (network mobility services) 3. SNMP 4. SOAP/XML
x509 cert to establish DTLS capwap control tunnel. It can be either 1. LSC 2. MIC (Mafctr installed cert) or 3. SSC
1. on NAS create an oob profile for the WLC 2. Create a new device in NAM - specifying the WLC mgmt ip 3. device mgmnt-->NAS & add the NAS ip as an oob virt. gateway 4. still on nams nas config page - enter the nas trusted int. ip & untrusted int vla
It handles .1x & NAC auth. with Single Sign on. WLC forwards RADIUS accounting messages (of EAPOL Success) to the NAC upon login - authing the client to nac - & then it goes through posturing