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Test your basic knowledge |
Certified Legal Research
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
certifications
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ratio decidendi- court's reasoning or basis for its holding and decision
rationale
Procedural Rules - Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
American Digest System is sometimes called...
The National Reporter System divides the country
2. A secondary authority which is not the law itself but is - rather - a persuasive presentation by legal scholars of what the law is or what it should be in a particular topic
West's Federal Practice Digest 3d
official publication of law
restatement (of law)
components of Statutes at Large citation
3. Type of law consisting of legislative enactments called statutes at federal level and ordinances at state levels.
statutory law
components of a standard case citation
Administrative Law
North Western Reporter (N.W. or N.W.2d)
4. Is used in the first 50 volumes of the United States Reports plus all unofficial reporters of Supreme Court decisions
National Reporter System and American Digest System are...
session laws
decision
star paging
5. Fed. R. App. P. 2.
components of an A.L.R. citation
Procedural Rules - Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
United States Reports is cited as...
South Western Reporter (S.W. or S.W.2d)
6. Holding of a case which guides the decisions in future cases involving similar facts and similar legal issues
precedent
common law
The record of a court case includes
Dicennial
7. (Dallas - Cranch - Wheaton - Peters - Howard - Black - and Wallace) - which were cited - for example - 1 Dall. 233.
See - e.g. -
The first ninety volumes of United States Reports originally were compiled by seven successive - private reporters
1817
precedent
8. Supplement volumes or pocket part supplements should be used
to update the status of a particular statute
United States Code is an
en banc
C.J.S. uses the
9. American Digest System
Cases decided by the U.S. Court of International Trade ( formerly the U.S. Customs Court) are...
Statutes at Large is
Decennial Digest is part of the...
stare decisis
10. 1. full name of author 2. designation of type of article (required only if written by student); 3. title of article (italicized or underscored) 4. volume number of law review 5. abbreviated name of law review 6. page number where article begins; and
Federal Rules of Evidence
components of law review citation
United States Reports
components of United States Code citation
11. Is an official publication that includes all laws enacted by Congress.
F.R.D. contains...
Statutes at Large
Shepard's Citators
court decision
12. Fed. R. Crim. P. 42
Procedural Rules - Rule 42 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
Headnotes in the American Digest System
precedent
To determine whether a particular statute has been ruled unconstitutional by a court - one may use
13. Signal used to indicate page numbers in another reporter
Until 1932 - cases from the U.S. Court of Appeals and the U.S. District Court were combined in
most correct definition of star paging
A.L.R.2d
American Digest System is sometimes called...
14. Contain a general commentary on or explanation of the subject.
key number system
Secondary authorities are those that
United States Courts of Appeals case reporters
The signal 'infra' is used in legal memoranda and briefs
15. Published by Lawyers Co-op
United States Code Service (U.S.C.S.)
United States Courts of Appeals case reporters
U.S. Supreme Court Reporting
Periodicals
16. The cited authority contradicts the proposition stated in the memorandum
Lawyers-Cooperative Publishing Co.
These represent secondary authority
National Reporter System and American Digest System are...
Contra
17. Identified as "United States" in the case name (do not abbreviate as U.S. or as U.S.A.)
statement of facts
When an appellate court reviews a case de novo on record - it
To locate Cases
Case citation - federal government
18. Supplemented by an individual - cumulative pocket part found at the back of each volume in the series.
Case citation - business names
F.R.D. contains...
A.L.R.4th
star paging
19. Caption - date of decision - parallel citations - headnote or syllabus - statement of facts - opinion - holding - rationale - dicta - decision
elements of a reported case
United States District Courts case reporters
Shepard's Citations
precedent
20. United States Reports
The official reporter of the U. S. Supreme Court is...
Case law concerning federal rules of procedure is collected in
statement of facts
if a researcher knows the date when a federal statute was adopted the
21. Statutes that are collected into a statutory code that are arranged by topic
Procedural Rules - Rule 42 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
A.L.R.2d
codified
separation of powers
22. The rules and regulations of federal administrative agencies are cited either to the Code of Federal Regulations (arranged by topic and cited as C.F.R.) or to the Federal Register (arranged chronologically and cited as Fed. Reg.).
court decision
Administrative Law
C.J.S. uses the
Procedural Rules - Rule 401 of the Federal Rules of Evidence
23. Decisions concerning federal rules of procedure
West Publishing Company (West)
United States Constitution
F.R.D. contains...
secondary authority
24. Compilations of cases and historical matter dealing with various aspects of a code of statute - which contain short summaries of other cases - both for and against
Computerized search tools
components of a standard case citation
annotations
See generally
25. Legal encyclopedia published by West
codified
Statutes are published as session laws
Corpus Juris Secundum (C.J.S.)
annotations
26. Compiled by topic
concurring opinion
United States Code is
Shepard's Citations
de novo
27. Opinion of the entire court (all judges who heard the case) - as opposed to an opinion written by a specific judge
per curiam opinion
Digests summarize judicial decisions
Citation
Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.)
28. A system where every topic and subtopic is assigned its own key number
Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.)
See - e.g. -
key number system
A.L.R. (sometimes called A.L.R. First)
29. Indicates that the full citation appears later in the memorandum - brief - or other work.
Cases decided by the U.S. Court of International Trade ( formerly the U.S. Customs Court) are...
Infra
Federal session laws may be found in
American Digest System is sometimes called...
30. When state government is a party - such as the plaintiff in a criminal case - it is identified in the case name simply as "State" (State v. Jones).
Case citation - state
Secondary authorities are those that
unofficial publication of law
United States Reports
31. Anew on the record - the appellate court must base its decision on the record (no new testimony can be received) but may reach an independent factual finding if the facts from the trial court are "clearly erroneous" based on the record as a whole
de novo on record
American Law Reports (A.L.R.)
Supreme Court Reporter is cited as...
Shepard's Citations
32. The process used to synthesize legal principles from all prior cases with similar facts and similar issues of law to arrive at a decision in a specific case
bill
precedent
reporter of Supreme Court decisions that contains summaries of the briefs of counsel
stare decisis
33. Published by West
West's Federal Practice Digest 3d
United States Code Annotated (U.S.C.A.)
Atlantic Reporter (A. or A.2d)
When an appellate court reviews a case de novo on record - it
34. Opinion issued by the majority of the judges of the appellate court; the holding of this opinion may be cited as precedent if all other criteria are met. There is only one in a case
majority opinion
Procedural Rules - Rule 401 of the Federal Rules of Evidence
See - e.g. -
to update the status of a particular statute
35. Official publication
Case citation - individuals
United States Reports is an
precedent
The National Reporter System divides the country
36. 1. number of the Code title2. abbreviation for the United States Code 3. section symbol - followed by the number of the Code section; and4. date of the Code volume in which the most recent version of the section can be found
Procedural Rules - Rule 42 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
majority opinion
legal encyclopedias
components of United States Code citation
37. Persuasive legal authority that consists of law from other jurisdictions - legal encyclopedias - American Law Reports - restatements of law - dictionaries - treatises and periodicals
A.L.R.2d
components of a legal encyclopedia citation
To locate Cases
secondary authority
38. 1. the title (chapter) number 2. abbreviation for the Code of Federal Regulation 3. section number symbol and the section number; and 4. year of publication
components of a Code of Federal Regulations citation
National Reporter System and American Digest System are...
The official reporter of the U. S. Supreme Court is...
The first ninety volumes of United States Reports originally were compiled by seven successive - private reporters
39. A syllabus of the court
U.S. Reports contains
en banc
stare decisis
Statutes at Large is
40. Black's Law and Ballentine's Law
court opinion
What legal dictionaries provide case citations upon which a definition is based?
elements of a reported case
precedent
41. Statutes at Large (Stat.)
legal encyclopedias
correct Statutes at Large citation
Case citation - state
Federal session laws are published in
42. 1. full name of author; 2. the word "Annotation"; 3. title of annotation (underscored or in italics); 4. volume number of A.L.R. series 5. abbreviation for Annotated Law Reports 6. page number where the annotation begins; 7. year of publication
components of an A.L.R. citation
A.L.R. (sometimes called A.L.R. First)
Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
Contra
43. Court's explanation; includes the holding - rationale - and dicta
opinion
U.S. Supreme Court Reporting
A.L.R. Quick Index
These represent secondary authority
44. A prior case within a particular jurisdiction that has 1. facts and legal issues substantially similar to the facts of the case before the court and 2. it was decided by a majority decision of a higher court of that jurisdiction and 3. the case was r
restatement (of law)
Index
The National Reporter System divides the country
precedent
45. Case law - or judicial opinion - that articulates common law principles
Case citation - federal government
Presidential proclamations are published in...
correct Code of Federal Regulations citation
common law
46. Legal encyclopedia published by Lawyers Co-op
American Jurisprudence - Second Series (Am. Jur. 2d)
Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
concurring opinion
bill
47. The entire court participates rather than the permissible quorum. This does not mean that the entire court agrees on the outcome - however.
en banc
key number system
correct Federal Register citation
Case citation - individuals
48. Is a finding tool ONLY - usually compiled by the publisher of the case reporter to which it relates. NEVER cite as legal authority for any purpose.
A decision of an administrative agency is classified as...
The National Reporter System divides the country
United States Reports is cited as...
digest
49. Virginia Koerselman - Comment - Worker's Compensation - 15 Creighton L. Rev. 415 (1981).
U.S. Reports contains
correct law review citation
United States Supreme Court Reports - Lawyers' Edition is cited as...
parallel citations generally are not provided for federal cases
50. 88 C.J.S. Trial
components of United States Code citation
The National Reporter System divides the country
correct legal encyclopedia citation
1817