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Certified Legal Research

Subject : certifications
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Opinion issued by the majority of the judges of the appellate court; the holding of this opinion may be cited as precedent if all other criteria are met. There is only one in a case






2. S. Ct.






3. 1. full name of author 2. designation of type of article (required only if written by student); 3. title of article (italicized or underscored) 4. volume number of law review 5. abbreviated name of law review 6. page number where article begins; and






4. Fed. R. Civ. P. 12






5. L. Ed or L. Ed. 2d


6. U.S. Const. amend. XIV -






7. Opinion of the entire court (all judges who heard the case) - as opposed to an opinion written by a specific judge






8. To indicate the full citation for the case follows at a later point in the memorandum or brief.


9. Contains recent decisions of the United States Supreme Court






10. When Internal Revenue Service is a party - the term Commissioner is used to identify it (meaning Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service); never use the abbreviation IRS.






11. A syllabus of the court






12. 1. number of the Code title2. abbreviation for the United States Code 3. section symbol - followed by the number of the Code section; and4. date of the Code volume in which the most recent version of the section can be found






13. Is an official publication that includes all laws enacted by Congress.






14. Researcher checks red advance sheets first (most recent); yellow paperback; and finally - the bound volume(s).


15. When state government is a party - such as the plaintiff in a criminal case - it is identified in the case name simply as "State" (State v. Jones).






16. Ratio decidendi- court's reasoning or basis for its holding and decision






17. Shepard's Citations - statute edition






18. Published by Lawyers Co-op






19. Georgia - North Carolina - South Carolina - Virginia - and West Virginia






20. The abbreviation for the agency typically is used in the case name (FCC - SEC - etc.).






21. Black's Law and Ballentine's Law






22. Statutory law






23. A very brief opinion; a cursory opinion; an opinion so abbreviated that it is hardly an opinion at all






24. Statutes that are collected into a statutory code that are arranged by topic






25. Official case reporter for the U.S. Supreme Court






26. Both state and federal.






27. The rules and regulations of federal administrative agencies are cited either to the Code of Federal Regulations (arranged by topic and cited as C.F.R.) or to the Federal Register (arranged chronologically and cited as Fed. Reg.).






28. Fed. R. Evid. 401






29. Both legal and nonlegal - may proide persuasive authority in a given case and should not be overlooked as a research source.






30. The cited authority states a proposition that is different from the proposition stated by the writer - but the proposition stated in the cited authority is sufficiently similar to lend support to the writer's proposition






31. Secondary authority






32. Shepard's Citations is used






33. Case law - or judicial opinion - that articulates common law principles






34. The publication where rules and regulations of administrative agencies are codified






35. Are catalogued under topics and subtopics assigned to key numbers - using the TARP method. T - thing or subject matter involved in the case; A - Action (cause of action) or ground for defense to an action; R - Relief sought; P - parties - meaning the






36. The date upon which the decision was rendered






37. Consists of articles and various amendments






38. Digests






39. Which reports only federal cases and is supplemented by an individual - cumulative pocket found at the back of each volume.






40. Combined digest to access all federal courts.


41. Govern the way in which a defendant is charged - tried - and sentenced for a federal crime






42. Primary authority






43. 15 U.S.C.






44. Compiled by topic






45. Persuasive legal authority that consists of law from other jurisdictions - legal encyclopedias - American Law Reports - restatements of law - dictionaries - treatises and periodicals






46. The cited authority presents helpful background information about the proposition






47. Opinion issued by one or more judges of the appellate court which disagrees with both the result and the reasoning of the majority opinion. There can be more than one






48. There are 3 case reporters for the U.S. Supreme Court - United States Reports (U.S.) Official - Supreme Court Reporter (S.Ct.) Unofficial - United States Supreme Court Reports - Lawyers' Edition (L.Ed. or L.Ed.2d) Unofficial






49. Supplemented by an individual - cumulative pocket part found at the back of each volume in the series.






50. Used to indicate that the full citation appears immediately above - meaning that no other citations intervene between the full citation and the short form id.