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Test your basic knowledge |
CFA Level2 Vocab
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certifications
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cfa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An intangible that cannot be acquired singly and that typically possesses an indefinite benefit period; an example is account-ing goodwill.
Unidentifiable intangible
Credit risk or default risk
Cash price or spot price
Company fundamental factors
2. Options that relate to investment deci-sions such as the option to time the start of a proj-ect - the option to adjust its scale - or the option to abandon a project that has begun.
Cash-flow-statement-based accruals ratio
Real options
Interest rate
Covariance stationary
3. The annual percentage change in real CDP.
Nonconventional cash flow
Economic growth rate
Days of inventory on hand (DOH)
Net profit margin (profit margin or return on sales)
4. Interest earned but not yet paid.
LIFO method
Price momentum
American
Accrued interest
5. A solvency ratio calculated as EBIT divided by interest payments.
Pecking order theory
Interest coverage
Bottom-up forecasting approach
Shark repellents
6. An association or relationship between variables that cannot be graphed as a straight line.
Target balance
Sample skewness
Nonlinear relation
Other comprehensive income
7. A trader holding a position open some-what longer than a scalper but closing all posi-tions at the end of the day.
Accounts receivable turnover
Sales
Receivables turnover
Day trader
8. The characteristic of minimum-variance frontiers that they are sensitive to small changes in inputs.
Stress testing
Market efficiency
Instability in the minimum-variance frontier
Common-size analysis
9. For a give period - equal to begi ning inventory minus entling inventory JDlusthe cost 0 goods auqui red or produced duringthe period.
Payables turnover
Cost of goods sold
Holding period return
Discount rate
10. A third party that is sough t out bX the tar-get c0mpany's board to Burchase a substantial minority stake in the target-enough to block a hostile takeover without selling the entire company.
Measurement scales
Commodity swap
White sqnire
Survivorship bias
11. Standard errors of the esti-mated parameters of a regression that correct for the presence of heteroskedastici ty in the regres-sion's error te
Unconditional probability (or marginal probability)
Band-of-investment method
Robust standard errors
Historical cost
12. An equation expressing the equiva-lence (parity) of a portfolio of a call and a bondwith a portfolio of a put and the underlying -which leads to the relationship between put andcall prices
Bond-equivalent basis
U.S. GAAP and uniting of interests under IFRS
asis swap
Put-call parity
13. The risk attributed to the operating cost structure - in particular the use of fixed costs in operations; the risk arising from the mix of fixed and variable costs; the risk that a company's operations may be severely affected by environ-mental - soc
Pooled estimate
Balance-sheet-based accruals ratio
Operating risk
Backtesting
14. The hypothesis accepted when the null hypothesis is rejected.
Constant maturity swap or
Defined-benefit pension plans
Alternative hypothesis
Economic exposure
15. An approach to trading that uses pairs of closely re ated stocks - buying the relatively undervalued stock and selling short the relatively overvalued stock.
Harmonic mean
Pairs trading
Histogram
Manufacturing resource planning (MRP)
16. A contract that spans a number of accounting periods.
Versioning
Exchange ratio
Long-term contract
Central limit theorem
17. The risk associated with changes in the relative attractiveness of products and services offered for sale - arising out of the competitive effects of changes in exchange rates.
Inverse price ratio
Rule of 72
Capped swap
Economic exposure
18. Amounts that a business owes to its vendors for goods and services that were pur-chased from them but which have not yet been paid.
Reorganization
Flexible exchange rate
Weighted harmonic mean
Accounts payable
19. In the fixed income markets - to price a security on the basis of valuation-relevant char-acteristics (e.g. - debt-rating approach).
Fundamentals
Versioning
Proportionate consolidation
Matrix pricing
20. The pro-portion of the ownership of a subsidiary not held by the parent (controlling) company.
Broker
Excess kurtosis
Nominal exchange rate
Minority interest (noncontrolling interest)
21. An approach to portfolio analysis using expected means - variances - and covariances of asset returns.
Mean-variance analysis
Relative strength (RSTR) indicators
NPV rule
Interquartile range
22. A range that has a given proba-bility that it will contain the population parameter it is intended to estimate.
Free cash flow to equity model
Confidence interval
Amortizing and accreting swaps
Cash-flow-statement-based accruals ratio
23. A record of the change in official reserves - which are the government's holdings offoreign currency.
Merger
Anticipation stock
Bond option
Official settlements account
24. An act passed by the U.S. Con-gress in 2002 that created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to oversee auditors.
Pyramiding
Legal risk
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Risk-neutral valuation
25. A form of active strategy which entails scheduling maturities on a systematic basis within the investment portfolio such that invest-ments are spread out equally over the term of the ladder.
Going-concern value
Free cash flow to equity model
Covered interest arbitrage
Laddering strategy
26. The extent to which a company's operations are predictable with substantial confidence.
Objective probabilities
VISibility
Cyclical businesses
Due diligence
27. The expected return on equi-ties minus the risk-free rate; the premium that investors demand for investing in equities.
Decision rule
Off-balance sheet imancing
Equity risk premium
Active risk
28. A rate of interest based on the secu-rity's face value.
Degree of operating leverage (DOL)
Nominal rate
Expected value
Off-balance sheet imancing
29. The annual return that an investor earns on a bond if the investor purchases the bond today and holds it until maturity.
Independent variable
Yield to maturity
Capitalization rate
Share repurchase
30. The average squared deviation below a target value.
Homogenization
Nonlinear relation
Rent seeking
Target semivariance
31. The risk of a change in value of a n asset or liability denomi-nated in a foreign currency due to a change in exchange rates.
Scatter plot
Exposure to foreign exchange risk
Takeover
Deductible temporary differences
32. A commercial imple-mentation of the residual income concept; the computation of EVA® is the net operating profit after taxes minus the cost of capital - where these inputs are adjusted for a number of items.
Economic value added (EVA)
Outcome
Absolute valuation model
Expected value
33. Corporate earnings are taxed twice when paid out as dividends. First - corporate earn-ings are taxed regardless of whether they will be distributed as dividends or retained at the G-13 corporate level - and second - dividends are taxed again at the i
Double taxation
Return on equity (ROE)
Cash equivalents
Unexpected earnings (also earnings surprise)
34. Estimate of the aver-age number of days it takes to collect on credit accounts.
Intrinsic value or exercise value
Greenmail
Diluted shares
Number of days of receivables
35. The rate of dividend (and earnings) growth that can be sustained over time for a given level of re turn on equity - keeping the capi tal structure constant and wi thout issuing addi tional common stock.
Residual income model (RIM) (also discounted ahnormal earnings model or Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model)
Capitalized cash flow model (method)
Sustainable growth rate
Stock options (stock option grants)
36. A form of data min-ing that applies information developed by previ-ous researchers using a dataset to guide curren t research using the same or a related dataset.
Gamma
Intergenerational data mining
Convenience yield
Asset purchase
37. Systems that capture transaction data at the physical location in which the sale is made.
Discount
Descriptive statistics
Bond equivalent yield
Point of sale
38. Observations over individual units at a point in time - as opposed to time-series data.
Financial distress
Pure discount instruments
Long-term equity anticipatory securities (LEAPS)
Cross-sectional data
39. The risk associated with the pos-sibility that a payment currently due will not be made.
Equity swap
Current credit risk
Rent seeking
Uniting of interests method
40. Generally - a synonym for revenue; 'sales' is generally understood to refer to the sale of goods - whereas 'revenue' is understood to include the sale of goods or services.
Quality of earnings analysis
Purchasing power parity
Sales
Regression coefficients
41. Activities related to obtaining or repaying capital to be used in the business (e.g. - equity and long-term debt).
Financing activities
Flip-in pill
Pure-play method
Breakup value or private market value
42. A straight-line relationship - as opposed to a relationship that cannot be graphed as a straight line.
Sample skewness
Linear association
Exercise or exercising the option
Information ratio (IR)
43. Futures contracts in which the underlying is a traditional agricultural - metal - or petroleum product.
Time value of money
Vested benefits
Control premium
Commodity futures
44. An investment decision rule that states that an investment should be undertaken if its NPV is positive but not undertaken if its NPV is negative.
NPV rule
Portfolio possibilities curve
Conglomerate discount
Money market yield (or CD equivalent yield
45. The procedure of drawing a sample to satisfy the definition of a simple ran-dom sample.
Delta hedge
Simple random sampling
Nonstationarity
Fixed asset turnover
46. The argument that it is necessary to protect a new industry to enable it to grow into a mature industry that can compete in world markets.
Downstream
Discount rate
Infant-industry argument
Amortizing and accreting swaps
47. With reference to the presen-tation of expenses in an income statement - the grouping together of expenses serving the same function - e.g. - all items that are costs of good sold.
Currency swap
Dutch Book theorem
Grouping by function
Root mean square(l er ror (RMSE)
48. A model that specifies an asset's value relative to the value of another asset.
Price limits
Active risk squared
Relative valuation models
Yield spread
49. Assets that are expected to provide economic benefits over a future period of time - typically greater than one year.
Long-lived assets (or long-term assets)
LIFO reserve
Manufacturing resource planning (MRP)
Tax risk
50. A quoted interest rate that does not account for compounding within the year.
Leading dividend yield
Per unit contribution margin
Stated annual interest rate or quoted interest rate
Free cash flow to the