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CFA Level2 Vocab
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certifications
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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. The standard deviation of active returns.
Active risk
Cross-sectional data
Interquartile range
Net operating cycle
2. The minimum rate of return required by an investor to invest in an asset - given the asset's riskiness.
Required rate of return
Present value of growth opportunities (or value of growth)
Growth investors
Creditor nation
3. With reference to regression - the set of variables included in the regression and the regression equation's functional form.
Model specification
Time-weighted rate of return
Market-extraction method
Segment margin
4. Long-term assets with physical sub-stance that are used in company operations - such as land (property) - plant - and equipment.
Return on equity (ROE)
Tangible assets
Sample variance
Matrix pricing
5. The price received to sell an asset or trans-fer a liability.
Exit price
Credit analysis
Takeover
Dependent variable
6. With reference to cash flow statements - a format for the presenta-tion of the statement which - in the operating cash flow section - begins with net income then shows additions and subtractions to arrive at operatingcash flow.
Indirect format (indirect method)
Pure-play method
Portfolio possibilities curve
Finance lease (capital lease)
7. An estimation formula; the formula used to compute the sample mean and other sample statistics are examples of estimators.
Long-term liability
Present value of growth opportunities (or value of growth)
Estimator
Delta hedge
8. In a nonconventional cash flow pattern - the initial outflow is not fol-lowed by inflows only - but the cash flows can flip from positive (inflows) to negative (outflows) again (or even change signs several times).
Nonconventional cash flow
Alternative hypothesis
Flexible exchange rate
Working capital turnover
9. A valuation that sums the estimated values of each of a company's busi-nesses as if each business were an independent going concern.
Sum-of-the-parts valuation
Standardized unexpected earnings (SUE)
Platykurtic
Downstream
10. Activities related to obtaining or repaying capital to be used in the business (e.g. - equity and long-term debt).
Residual dividend approach
Margin
Financing activities
Present value model or discounted cash flow model
11. Behavior on the part of a firm that allows it to comply with the letter of the law but violate the spirit - significantly lessening the law's effects.
Creative response
Time-period bias
Holder-of-record date
Market value of invested capital
12. Under U.S. GAAP - a mea-sure used in estimating a defined-benefit pension plan's liabilities - defined as the 'actuarial present value of vested benefits.'
Standardizing
Total probability rule for expected value
First-order serial correlation
Vested benefit obligation
13. A random variable that can take on at most a countable number of possi-ble values.
Up transition probability
Discrete random variable
Trading securities (held-for-trading securities)
Net exports
14. Describes a scale constructed so that equal intervals on the vertical scale represent equal rates of change - and equal intervals on the horizontal scale represent equal amounts of change.
Point estimate
Investment constraints
Nonconventional cash flow
Semilogarithmic
15. A distribution that specifies the probabilities of a random variable's possible outcomes.
Variation margin
Nonearning assets
Probability distribution
Functional currency
16. Aka also enterprise risk management.
Centralization permits economies of scale and allows a company to use some of its risks to offset other risks.
Interest rate swap
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Growth accounting
17. A taxable loss in the current period that may be used to reduce future taxable income.
Minimum-variance portfolio
Method based on forecasted fundamentals
Target balance
Tax loss carry forward
18. An extra return that compensates investors for the increased sensitivity of the mar-ket value of debt to a change in market interest rates as maturity is extended.
Maturity premium
Active risk
Equity
Share repurchase
19. An opportunity to conduct an arbitrage; an opportunity to earn an expected positive net profit without risk and with no net investment of money.
Sample mean
Fair value
Arbitrage opportunity
Compiled f'mancial statements
20. Time thought of as advancing in extremely small increments.
Spreadsheet modeling
Capped swap
Continuous time
Futures commission merchants (FCMs)
21. With reference to a transaction or a security - one that would increase earnings per share (EPS) or result in EPS higher than the com-pany's basic EPS-antidilutive securities are not included in the calculation of diluted EPS.
Antidilutive
Deregulation
Risk-neutral valuation
Fair value
22. A tabular display of data summarized into a relatively small number of intervals.
Mixed factor models
Frequency distribution
Statistical factor models
Degree of confidence
23. An Activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by average net fixed assets.
Fixed asset turnover
Dividend discount model (DDM)
Survey approach
NPV rule
24. Arrangements that do not result in additional liabilities on the balance sheet but nonetheless create economic obligations.
Estimated (or fitted) parameters
Off-balance sheet imancing
Nominal risk-free interest rate
Capital allocation line (CAL)
25. A profitability ratio calculated as (net income - preferred divi-dends) divided by average common equity; equal to the return on equity ratio when no preferred equity is outstanding.
Value
Defined-contribution pension plans
Forward price or forward rate
Return on common equity (ROCE)
26. A poison pill provision that allows for the redemption or cancellation of a poi-son pill provision only by a vote of coNtinuing directors (generally directors who were on the tar-get company's board p rior to the takeover attempt) .
Weighted-average cost of capital (WACC)
Nontariff barrier
Dead-hand provision
Report format
27. The date that employees can first exer-cise stock options; vesting can be immediate or over a future period.
Systematic sampling
Weighted average cost method
Vesting date
Momentum indicators
28. The difference between current assets and current liabilities.
Working capital
Bond option
Target balance
Combination
29. The present value of an investment's cash inflows (benefits) minus the present value of its cash outflows (costs).
Net present value (NPV)
Net profit margin (profit margin or return on sales)
Hmnan capital
Settlement risk
30. With reference to estimators - describes an estimator for which the probability of estimates close to the value of the population parameter increases as sample size increases.
Noncurrent assets
Cnsistent
Installment method (installment-sales method)
Spin-off
31. The probabili ty that a confi-dence interval ind udes the unknown population parameter.
Degree of confidence
Conventional cash flow
Declaration date
Financial futures
32. The most common type of commun-size analysis - ill which the accounts in a given period are compared to a benchmark item in that same year.
Vertical common-size analysis
Relative strength (RSTR) indicators
Payoff
Deferred tax liabilities
33. Trading ex-dividend refers to shares that no longer carry the right to the next dividend payment.
Ex-dividend
Spearman rank correlation coefficient
Acquisition
Market-extraction method
34. Investing on the basis of dif-ferential expectations.
Expectational arbitrage
Sample kurtosis
Forward P/E (also leading P/E or prospective P/E)
Earnings game
35. The income tax expected to be recovered - from the taxing authority - on the basis of taxable income. It is a recovery of previ-ously remitted taxes or future taxes owed by the company.
Market-extraction method
Income tax recoverable
NTM P/E
Book value of equity (or book value)
36. Netting the market values of all contracts - not just derivatives - between parties.
Cross-product netting
Dividend rate
Sample mean
Surprise
37. The ratio of gross profi t to revenues.
Service period
Real options
Bill-and-hold basis
Gross profit argin
38. The estimated cost of equity capital in money terms.
Classified balance sheet
Cost of debt
Credit analysis
Equity charge
39. A liquidity ratio that esti-mates the number of days that an entity could meet cash needs from liquid assets; calculated as (cash + short-term marketable investments + receivables) divided by daily cash expenditures.
Net liability balance sheet exposure
Current exchange rate
Defensive interval ratio
Futures commission merchants (FCMs)
40. Interest earned but not yet paid.
Cost approach to value
Net income (loss)
U.S. official reserves
Accrued interest
41. A complete pass through the steps of a simula tion .
Permutation
Top-down investing
Simulation trial
Segment ROA
42. Cannibalization occurs when an investment takes customers and sales away from another part of the company.
Income tax recoverable
Long-term equity anticipatory securities (LEAPS)
Price discovery
Cannibalization
43. A public document that provides the material facts concerning matters on which shareholders will vote.
Proxy statement
Component cost of capital
Active portfolio
Declaration date
44. Fixed-income secuntles in which the holder of the security has the right to withhold payment of the full amount due at matu-ri ty if a credi t even t occurs.
Asset-based approach
Current cost
Credit-linked notes
Frequency polygon
45. Costs borne by owners to moni tor the management of the company (e.g. - board of director expenses).
Identifiable intangible
Monitoring costs
Operating activities
Compiled f'mancial statements
46. The company in a merger or acquisition that is being acquired.
Tax base (tax basis)
Sample excess kurtosis
Target company - or target
Seats
47. An operating segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a component) .
Matching principle
Off-market
Reporting unit
Discrete random variable
48. A conventional cash flow pattern is one with an ini tial outflow followed by a series of in ows.
Moneyness
Log-log regression model
First-differencing
Conventional cash flow
49. An agreement between two governments in which the government of the exporting country agrees to restrain the volume of its own exports.
Horizontal analysis
J oint probability function
Direct f'mancing lease
Voluntary export restraint
50. Shares that were issued and subse-quently repurchased by the company.
Probit model
Treasury shares
Statistics
Bull spread
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