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CFA Level2 Vocab
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certifications
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cfa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aka Liquidity discount.
Payer swaption
Illiquidity discount
Floorlet
Trading securities (held-for-trading securities)
2. An approach to investing thatfocuses on the individual characteristics of securi-ties rather than on macroeconomic or overall market forecasts.
Trailirig dividend yield
Linear trend
Bottom-up investing
Declaration date
3. The sale - liquidation - or spin-off of a d'vi-sion or subsidiary.
Forward integration
Divestiture
Electronic funds transfer
Book value equity per share
4. A valuation ratio calculated as price per share divided by sales per share.
Active factor risk
Addition rule for probabilities
Cost leadership
Price to sales
5. A reduction or discount to value that reflects the lack of depth of trading or liquid-ity in that asset's market.
Probability function
Expected value
Risk governance
Liquidity discount
6. In the context ofmerger analysis - it is an estimate of a target com-pany's value found by discounting the company's expected future free cash flows to the present.
Ordinal scale
Discounted cash flow analysis
Semideviation
Sample
7. 1) An agent who executes orders to buy orsell securities on behalf of a client in exchange for a commission. 2) See Futures commission merchants.
Broker
Managerialism theories
Quantile (or fractile)
Variation margin
8. Private equity investors in development-stage companies.
Dividend payout ratio
Pecking order theory
Venture capital investors
Consolidation
9. With reference to assets - the amount of cash or cash equivalents that could currently be obtained by sell ing the asset i an orderly disposal; with reference to lia-bilities - the undiscounted amount of cash or cash equivalents expected to be paid t
Realizable value (settlement value)
Gross domestic product
Simple random sample
Enterprise risk management
10. The sale by a foreign firm of exports at a lower price than the cost of production.
Supernormal growth
Pull on liquidity
Point estimate
Dumping
11. An agreement between two parties in which one party - the buyer - agrees to buy from the other party - the seller - an underlying asset at a later date for a price established at the start of the contract.
Percentage-of-completion
Normal distribution
Forward contract
Yield
12. Attempts by management to encourage analysts to forecast a slightly lower number for expected earnings than the analysts would otherwise forecast.
Mutually exclusive events
Official settlements account
Liquidity risk
Earnings expectation management
13. A balance sheet asset that arises when an excess amount is paid for income taxes relative to accounting profit. The taxable income is higher than accounting profit and income tax payable exceeds tax expense. The company expects to recove r the differ
Cost-of-service regulation
Deferred tax assets
Inverse floater
Segment turnover
14. Futures contracts in which the underlying is a traditional agricultural - metal - or petroleum product.
Daily settlement
Identifiable intangible
Matrix pricing
Commodity futures
15. A tax that is imposed by the importing coun-try when an imported good crosses its interna-tional boundary.
Tariff
Float factor
Vested benefits
Top-down forecasting approach
16. A variable used to explain the dependen t variable in a regression ; a right-hand-side variable in a regression equation .
Locked limit
Independent variable
Shareholders' equity
Nonlinear relation
17. Forecasted dividends per share over the next year divided by current stock price.
Random number
Leading dividend yield
Adjusted present value (APV)
Monte
18. The combining of the results of oper-ations of subsidiaries with the parent compaIL y to present financial statements as if they were a sin-gle economic unit. The asset - iabilities - revenues and expenses of the subsidiaries are combined with those
Reconciliation
Consolidation
Interquartile range
Price-setting option
19. A depreciation method that allocates evenly the cost of a long-lived asset less its estimated residual value over the estimated useful life of the asset.
Straight-line method
Asset purchase
Scenario analysis
Spurious correlation
20. A swap transaction in which at least one cash flow is tied to the return to an equity portfo-lio position - often an equity index.
Working capital management
Law of one price
Underlying earnings (or persistent earnings - continu-ing earnings - or core earnings)
Equity swap
21. An option strategy involving the purchase of two puts and one call.
Strip
Floored swap
Yield spread
Differentiation
22. The rate of return from a cash-and-carry transaction implied by the futures price relative to the spot price.
Spearman rank correlation coefficient
Implied repo rate
Test statistic
Hedging
23. An activity ratio equal to the number of days in a period divided by the inventory ratio for the period; an indication of the number of days a company ties up funds in inventory.
Number of days of inventory
Bargain purchase
Company fundamental factors
Salvage value
24. An event or piece of information that causes the marketplace to re-evaluate the prospects of a company.
Standardizing
Direct f'mancing lease
Ratio scales
Catalyst
25. A swap in which the notional principal changes according to a for-mula related to changes in the underlying.
Current rate method
Amortizing and accreting swaps
Income tax payable
Debt-to-equity ratio
26. A type of qualitative variable that takes on a value of 1 if a particular condition is true and 0 if that condition is false.
Units-of-production method
Catalyst
Dummy variable
Tree diagram
27. Selling a product in slightly altered forms to different groups of consumers.
Population standard deviation
Top-down forecasting approach
Versioning
Hypothesis
28. A trader who typically holds posi-tions open overnight.
Root mean square(l er ror (RMSE)
Monitoring costs
Position trader
Exchange for physicals (EFP)
29. The divisor in the expression for the value of a perpetuity.
Capitalization rate
Monte
Add-on interest
Trade receivables (commercial receivables or accounts receivable)
30. With reference to investment selection processes - an approach that starts with macro selection (i.e. - identifying attractive geo-graphic segments andVor industry segments) and then addresses selection 0 the most attractive investments within those
Orderly liquidation value
Synthetic index fund
Poison pill
Top-down analysis
31. A gain in value caused bychanges in price levels. Monetary liabilities expe-rience purchasing power gains during periods ofinflation.
Panel data
Permanent differences
Assignment of accounts receivable
Purchasing power gain
32. A specialized computer program or a spreadsheet that solves for the portfolio weights that will result in the lowest risk for a specified level of expected return.
Single-payment loan
Optimizer
Linear trend
Traditional efficient markets formulation
33. The smaller the stake that managers have in the company - the less is their share in bearing the cost of excessive perquisite consumption or not giving their best efforts in running the company.
Survey approach
Currency swap
Agency costs of equity
Market rate
34. In reference to short-term cash management - it is an investment strategy charac-terized by simple decision rules for making daily investments.
Dependent variable
Supernormal growth
Alpha (or abnormal return)
Passive strategy
35. A measure of goodness-of-fit of a regres-sion that is adjusted for degrees of freedom and hence does not automatically increase when another independent variable is added to a regression.
Labor productivity
Revaluation
Adjusted R2
Structured note
36. Costs associated with the conflict of interest present when a company is managed by non-owners. Agency costs result from the inher-ent conflicts of interest between managers and equity owners.
Down transition probability
Agency costs
Standardized beta
Grouping by function
37. A financial instrument that gives one party the right - but not the obligation - to buy or sell an underlying asset from or to another party at a fixed price over a specific period of time. Also referred to as contingent claims.
Long-term debt-ta-assets ratio
Treasury stock method
Option
Equity charge
38. With reference to portfolio strategies - the application of a strategy's portfolio selection rules to historical data to assess what would have been the strategy's historical performance.
Capital structure
Balance sheet (statement of fmandal position or state-ment of fmandal condition)
Held-for-trading securities (trading securities)
Backtesting
39. The competitive strategy of being the lowest cost producer while offering products comparable to those of other firms - so that prod-ucts can be priced at or near the industry average.
Top-down forecasting approach
Unearned revenue (deferred revenue)
Cost leadership
Point of sale
40. The day that the corporation issues a statement d eclaring a specific dividend.
Cash o£ fering
Estimate
Declaration date
Nonstationarity
41. A model of stock val-uation that views a stock's intrinsic value as the present value of expected future free cash flows to equity.
Cherry-picking
Out-of-sample test
Free cash flow to equity model
Long-lived assets (or long-term assets)
42. Lack of bias. A desirable property of estimators - an unbiased estimator is one whose expected value (the mean of its sampling distri-bution) equals the parameter it is intended to estimate.
Centralized risk management or companywide risk management
Simple random sample
Unbiasedness
Brokerage
43. In the context of customer receipts - the amount of money that is in transit between pay-ments made by customers and the funds that are usable by the company.
Float
Securities Act of 1933
Technical indicators
Bernoulli random variable
44. Assets that can be most readily con-verted to cash (e.g. - cash - short-term marketable investments - receivables) .
Current assets - or liquid assets
Bond-equivalent basis
Estimation
Quick assets
45. Describes two time series that have a long-term financial or economic relationship such that they do not diverge from each other without bound in the long run.
Nonstationarity
Cointegrated
Exchange rate
Compiled f'mancial statements
46. A principle stating that the pr:obability that A or B occurs (both occur) equals he probabili ty thab A occ rs - plus the probabir ty tha~ B occurs - minus the probabil-ity that both A and B occur.
Contingent consideration
Addition rule for probabilities
Terminal value of the stock (or continuing value of the stock)
Owners' equity
47. A measure of disper-sion relating to a population in the same unit of measurement as the observations - calculated as the positive square root of the population variance.
Sales risk
Lessor
Linear association
Population standard deviation
48. The goods and sernces that we buy from people in other countries.
Giro system
Linear regression
Securities Act of 1933
Imports
49. A quantitative measure that describes the location or distribution of data; includes not only measures of central tendency but also other measures such as percentiles.
Measure of location
Interval scale
Mean-variance analysis
Day trader
50. A condition in the futures markets in which a transaction cannot take place because the price would be beyond the limits.
Put-call parity
Locked limit
Exposure to foreign exchange risk
Bond yield plus risk premium approach
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