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CFA Level2 Vocab
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Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Each component put option in a floor.
Liquidity premium
Minority active investments
Floorlet
Decision rule
2. A type of finance lease - from a lessor perspective - where the present value of the lease payments (lease receivable) equals the carry-ing value of the leased asset. The revenues earned by the lessor are financing in nature.
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3. Dummy variables used as dependent variables rather than as inde-pendent variables.
Vertical merger
Downstream
Qualitative dependent variables
Cnsistent
4. With respect to the format of a bal-ance sheet - a format in which assets - liabilities - and equity are listed in a single column.
Liquidity premium
Business risk
Report format
Synthetic call
5. The value of skills and knowledgepossessed by the workforce.
Hmnan capital
Sample skewness
Share repurchase
Delta-normal method
6. A hypothesis concern-ing pricing behavior that holds that even though there are only a few firms in an industry - they are forced to price their products more or less com-petitively because of the ease of entry by outsiders. The key aspect of a conte
Rule of 72
Theory of contestable markets
Independent and identically distributed (l
Bond indentnre
7. CreaLing a contrac t with standard and generally accepted terms - which makes it moreacceptable to a broader group of participants.
Sample mean
Deferred tax liabilities
Guideline transactions method
Homogenization
8. Depreciatiolil methods that allocate a relatively large proportion of the cost of an asset to the early years of the asset's useful life.
Accelerated methods of depreciation
Covered call
Money-weighted rate of return
Option price - option premium - or premium
9. A company that has similar business risk; usually in the same industry and preferably with a single line of business.
Net exports
Sector neutral
omparable company
Taxable income
10. The amount available for fixed costs and profit after paying variable costs; rev-enue minus variable costs.
Double-entry accounting
Catalyst
Debt covenants
Contribution margin
11. With respect to inventory accounting - the planned or target unit cost of inventory items or services.
Standard cost
Greenmail
Flip-in pill
Leading dividend yield
12. An investment decision rule that states that an investment should be undertaken if its NPV is positive but not undertaken if its NPV is negative.
Financial leverage
NPV rule
Required rate of return
Statutory merger
13. The prooability of an observation - given a par ticular set of conditions.
Residual claim
Likelibood
Linear association
Build-up method
14. A purchase involving a buyer that would benefit from certain synergies associ-ated with owning the target firm.
Mean-variance analysis
Strategic transaction
Historical cost
Nonconventional cash flow
15. Uncertainty with respect to the quantity of goods and services that a company is able to sell and the price it is able to achieve; the risk related to the uncertainty of revenues.
Exchange for physicals (EFP)
White-corrected standard errors
Market risk premium
Sales risk
16. The percentage of total earnings paid out in dividends in any given year (in per-share terms - DPS/ EPS).
Flotation cost
Gross income multiplier (GIM)
Put-call-forward parity
Payout ratio
17. A country that is borrowing more from the rest of the world than it is lending to it.
Credit analysis
Friendly transaction
Net borrower
Leading
18. The earnings growth rate in a company's mature phase; an earnings growth rate that can be sustained long term.
Investment constraints
Mature growth rate
Leveraged recapitalization
Conglomerate discount
19. A legal restriction that dividends cannot exceed retained earnings.
Definition of value (or standard of value)
Accrual basis
Impairment of capital rule
Cash-flow-statement-based accruals ratio
20. The sample autocorrela-tions of the residuals.
Statistically significant
Residual autocorrelations
Holding period return
Hypothesis
21. The theory that managers take into account how their actions might be inter-preted by outsiders and thus order their prefer-ences for various forms of corporate financing. Forms of financing that are least visible to out-siders (e.g. - internally gen
Pecking order theory
Bond-equivalent yield
Externality
Marketability discount
22. A type of weighted mean computed by averaging the reciprocals of the ohservations - then taking the reciprocal of that average.
Harmonic mean
Number of days of inventory
Risk premium
Historical simulation (or back simulation)
23. A multifactor model In which statistical methods are applied to a set of historical returns to determine portfolios that best explain either historical return covariances or vanances.
Debtor nation
Other comprehensive income
Amortizing and accreting swaps
Statistical factor models
24. The minimum real wage rate needed to maintain life.
Sample selection bias
Subsistence real wage rate
Fixed exchange rate
Fiduciary call
25. The absorption of one company by another; two companies become one entity and one or both of the pre-merger companies ceases to exist as a separate entity.
Deferred tax liabilities
Complement
Merger
Overall capitalization rate
26. A model for pricing options in which the underlying price can move to only one of two possible new prices.
Project sequencing
Accounting profit (income before taxes or pretax income)
Comparables (comps - guideline assets - guideline com-panies)
Binomial model
27. The proportion of a company's assets that is financed with long-term debt.
Conditional heteroskedasticity
Multiple linear regression model
Active investment managers
Long-term debt-ta-assets ratio
28. Unsecured short-term corporate debt that is characterized by a single payment at maturity.
Trade credit
Commercial paper
Population variance
Unbiasedness
29. The combination of the underlying - puts - calls - and risk-free bonds that replicates a forward contract.
Organic growth
Vested benefit obligation
Synthetic forward contract
Multiple
30. A trader who offers to buy or sell futures contracts - holding the position for only a brief period of time. Scalpers attempt to profit by buy-ing at the bid price and selling at the higher ask price.
In-process research and development
Fair market value
Scalper
Cash-flow-statement-based aggregate accruals
31. The amount at which an asset or liability is valued according to account-ing principles.
Incremental cash flow
Carrying amount (book value)
Broker
Operating leverage
32. The amount of money a buyer pays and seller receives to engage in an option transaction.
Weighted harmonic mean
Commodity swap
Lemons problem
Option price - option premium - or premium
33. The quantity of real CDP pro-duced by an hour of labor.
Illiquidity discount
P Value
Labor productivity
Vested benefits
34. A random variable hav-ing the outcomes 0 and 1.
Double taxation
Greenmail
Default risk premium
Bernoulli random variable
35. 1) The simultaneous purchase of an undervalued asset or portfolio and sale of an over-valued but equivalent asset or portfolio - in order to obtain a riskless profit on the price differential. Taking advantage of a market inefficiency in a risk-free
Voluntary export restraint
Arbitrage
Dutch Book theorem
Current assets - or liquid assets
36. Under U.S. GAAP -a special purpose entity structured to avoid consol-idation that must meet qualification criteria.
Objective probabilities
Tracking portfolio
Valuation ratios
Qualifying special purpose entities
37. The combining of the results of oper-ations of subsidiaries with the parent compaIL y to present financial statements as if they were a sin-gle economic unit. The asset - iabilities - revenues and expenses of the subsidiaries are combined with those
Units-of-production method
Consolidation
Overall capitalization rate
Debit
38. The relationship of the quantity of an asset being hedged to the quantity of the deriva-tive used for hedging.
Macroeconomic factor
Hedge ratio
Sharpe ratio
Relative dispersion
39. A forecasting approach that involves aggregating the individual company forecasts of analysts into industry fore-casts - and finally into macroeconomic forecasts.
Effective annual yield (EAY)
Bottom-up forecasting approach
Forward dividend yield
If-converted method
40. Risk for which investors demand com-pensation for bearing (e.g. - equity risk - company-specific factors - macroeconomic factors).
Priced risk
Capital allocation line (CAL)
Degrees of freedom (df)
Horizontal common-size analysis
41. Above average or abnormally high growth rate in earnings per share.
Supernormal growth
Grant date
Put-call-forward parity
Convenience yield
42. A regression estimation technique that addresses heteroskedasticity of the error term.
Enterprise value multiple
Interest rate put
Neoclassical growth theory
Generalized least squares
43. An arrangement whereby someone - an agent - acts on behalf of another per-son - the principal.
Deciles
Agency relationships
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Bernoulli random variable
44. Correlation between adj acent observations in a time ser ies.
Local currency
Ratio spread
Fair value
First-order serial correlation
45. A condition in the futures markets in which a transaction cannot take place because the price would be beyond the limits.
Protective put
Parameter
Locked limit
Transaction exposure
46. The part of the execution step of the portfolio manage-ment process in which investment strategies are integrated with expectations to select a portfolio of assets.
Portfolio selection/composition problem
Scatter plot
Value investors
Method based on forecasted fundamentals
47. All members of a specified group.
Population
Logit model
Capitalized inventory costs
Discrintinant analysis
48. A rule explaining the uncon-ditional probability of an event in terms of proba-bilities of the event conditional on mutually exclusive and exhaustive scenarios.
Debt ratings
Impairment
Total probability rule
Accrued interest
49. Internal or external limita-tions on investments.
Pretax margin
Investment constraints
Interest coverage
Sample
50. The P/E to-growth ratio - calculated as the stock's PI E divided by the expected earnings growth rate.
Solvency ratios
PEG
Stock purchase
Log-linear model
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