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Test your basic knowledge |
CFA Level2 Vocab
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certifications
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cfa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The value of the U.S. dollar expressed in units of foreign currency per U.S. dollar.
Operating leverage
Receiver swaption
Nominal exchange rate
Binomial model
2. The estimated fair value of the price multiple - usually based on fore-casted fundamentals or comparables.
LIFO layer liquidation (LIFO liquidation)
Look-ahead bias
Net present value (NPV)
Justified price multiple (or warranted price multiple or intrinsic price multiple)
3. With respect to the format of the income statement - a format that does not subtotal for gross profit (revenue minus cost of goods sold) .
Treasury stock method
Single-step format
Bottom-up investing
Compiled f'mancial statements
4. Ratios that measure the quantity of an asset or flow (e.g. - earnings) in relation to the price associated with a specified claim (e.g. - a share or ownership of the enterprise).
Monopolization
Expenses
In-sample forecast errors
Valuation ratios
5. The statistical measure that indicates the peakedness of a distribution.
Monitoring costs
Kurtosis
Regression coefficients
New growth theory
6. An entity (partnership - corporation - or other legal form) where control is shared by two or more entities called venturers.
Commodity forward
Joint venture
Overnight index swap (OIS)
Currency swap
7. Additional margin that must be deposited in an amount sufficient to bring the balance up to the initial margin requirement.
Variation margin
Creditworthiness
Tobin's q
Option price - option premium - or premium
8. Nonconvertible - noncallable preferred stock with a specified divi-dend rate that has a claim on earnings senior to the claim of common stock - and no maturity date.
Fixed-rate perpetual preferred stock
Cost approach to value
Technical indicators
Population
9. A statistical test for differ-ences based on paired observations drawn from samples that are dependent on each other.
Free cash flow method
Percentage-of-completion
Paired comparisons test
Market rate
10. The line with an inter-cept point equal to the risk-free rate that is tangent to the efficient frontier of risky assets; represents the efficient frontier when a risk-free asset is available for investment.
Longitudinal data
Sample
Trade receivables (commercial receivables or accounts receivable)
Capital market line (CML)
11. The average squared deviation below the mean.
Friendly transaction
Semivariance
Out-of-sample forecast errors
Indexing
12. A multifactor model in which the factors are attributes of stocks or com-panies that are important in explaining cross-sectional differences in stock prices.
Grant date
Fundamental factor models
Mutually exclusive projects
Diluted earnings per share (diluted
13. Stan-dard errors of the estimated parameters of a regression that correct for the presence of het-eroskedasticity in the regression's error term.
Identifiable intangible
Yield beta
Heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors
Interest rate collar
14. A measure of goodness-of-fit of a regres-sion that is adjusted for degrees of freedom and hence does not automatically increase when another independent variable is added to a regression.
Margin
Absolute frequency
Adjusted R2
Takeover
15. The amount of funds originally invested in a project or instrument; the face value to be paid at maturity.
Principal
Effective annual rate
Logit model
Other post-employment benefits
16. The difference between reported earnings per share and expected earnings per share.
Statement of retained earnings
Settlement period
Vertical merger
Unexpected earnings (also earnings surprise)
17. The part of the execution step of the portfolio manage-ment process in which investment strategies are integrated with expectations to select a portfolio of assets.
J oint probability function
Portfolio selection/composition problem
Credit VAR - default VAR - or credit at risk
Contingent clain
18. Small numbers of observations at either extreme (small or large) ofa sample.
Spread
Outliers
Sampling
Asian call option
19. An intangible that cannot be acquired singly and that typically possesses an indefinite benefit period; an example is account-ing goodwill.
Diminishing balance method
Unidentifiable intangible
Deductible temporary differences
Permutation
20. The fixed price at which an option holder can buy or sell the underlying.
Cost of carry
IRR rule
Clientele effect
Exercise price (strike price - striking price - or strike)
21. Cash-settled for-ward contracts - used predominately with respect to foreign exchange forwards.
Bear spread
Statistical factor models
Cost of carry
Nondeliverable forwards (NDFs)
22. Investments in which the investor has no signifi-cant influence or control over the operations of the investee.
Minority passive investments (passive investments)
Relative strength (RSTR) indicators
Macroeconomic factor
Simple random sample
23. The risk associated with the pos-sibility that a payment due at a later date will not be made.
Add-on interest
Exercise price (strike price - striking price - or strike)
Potential credit risk
Exercise rate or strike rate
24. Temporary differ-ences that result in a red uction of or deduction from taxal:J e income in a future period when the balance sheet item is n~ covered or settled.
Nonmonetary assets and liabilities
Conventional cash flow
Deductible temporary differences
Electronic funds transfer
25. Cash and investments (specifi-cally cash - cash equivalents - and short-term investments) .
Du Pont analysis
Nonearning assets
Net book value
Hypothesis
26. A method of account-ing for joint ventures where the venturer's share of the assets - liabilities - income and expenses of the joint venture are combined on a line-by-line basis with similar items on the venturer's financial statements.
Proportionate consolidation
Liruit up
Break point
Credit-linked notes
27. Large industry groupings.
Earnings expectation management
Spearman rank correlation coefficient
Economic sectors
Underlying
28. A forecasting process in which the next period's value as predicted by the forecasting equation is substituted into the right-hand side of the equation to give a predicted value two periods ahead.
Chain rule of forecasting
Electronic funds transfer
Cross-sectional data
Mispricing
29. Ratios that measure how efficiently a company performs day-to-day tasks - such as the collection of receivables and management of inventory.
Futures commission merchants (FCMs)
Activity ratios (asset utilization or operating efficiency ratios)
Pairs trading
Expiration date
30. The return that aninvestor earns during a specified holding period;holding period re turn with reference to a fixed-income instuument.
Accelerated methods of depreciation
Holding period yield (HPy)
Arbitrage
Intrinsic value or exercise value
31. With reference to estimators - describes an estimator for which the probability of estimates close to the value of the population parameter increases as sample size increases.
Volatility
Cnsistent
Matching principle
Net operating cycle
32. An equation expressing the equiva-lence (parity) of a portfolio of a call and a bondwith a portfolio of a put and the underlying -which leads to the relationship between put andcall prices
Differential expectations
Monetary/nonmonetary method
Direct income capitalization approach
Put-call parity
33. Making forecasts - estimates - or judgments about a larger group from a smaller group actually observed; using a sample statistic to infer the value of an unknown population parameter.
Investment opportunity schedule
Target capital structure
Liquidity
Statistical inference
34. The relationship between the price of the underlying and an option's exercise price.
Top-down analysis
Synthetic index fund
Moneyness
Zero-cost collar
35. A quantity whose future outcomes are uncertain.
Stock purchase
Degrees of freedom (df)
Floored swap
Random variable
36. A theory of economic growth based on the view that the growth of real GDP per person is temporary and that when it rises above subsistence level - a population explo-sion eventually brings it back to subsistence level.
Hypothesis
Classical growth theory
Sample standard deviation
Financial transaction
37. Unexpected earnings divided by the standard deviation of analysts' earnings forecasts.
Financial reporting quality
Scaled earnings surprise
Futures commission merchants (FCMs)
Monetary assets and liabilities
38. A variation of a floating-rate note that has some type of unusual characteristic such as a leverage factor or in which the rate moves opposite to interest rates.
Structured note
Expenses
Backward integration
Warehouse receipt arrangement
39. The duration without dividing by 1 plus the bond's yield to maturity. The term - named for one of the economists who first derived it - is used to distinguish the calculation from mod-ified duration. See also modified duration.
White sqnire
Down transition probability
Macaulay duration
Active risk squared
40. Assets used as benchmarks when applying the method of com parables to value an asset.
Bonding costs
Cannibalization
Comparables (comps - guideline assets - guideline com-panies)
Debtor nation
41. A set of observations on a variable's out-comes in different time periods.
Time series
Homoskedasticity
Discrete time
Takeover premium
42. A time series that is not covariance station-ary is said to have a unit root.
Projected benefit obligation
Unit root
Acquiring company - or acquirer
Standardized unexpected earnings (SUE)
43. A con-flict of interest that arises when the agent in an agency relationship has goals and incentives that differ from the principal to whom the agent owes a fiduciary duty.
Target capital structure
Strategic transaction
Put-call parity
Agency problem - or principal-agent problem
44. Options that are far in-the-money.
Money-weighted rate of return
Deep in the money
Return on equity (ROE)
NPV rule
45. The share price at a particular point in the future.
Terminal share price
Financial flexibility
Neoclassical growth theory
Winsorized mean
46. A form of centralized risk management that typically encompasses the man-agement of a broad variety of risks - ind uding insuran -ce risk.
Absolute valuation model
Enterprise risk management
Contingent clain
Accumulated depreciation
47. An activity ratio calculated as purchases divided by average trade payables.
Joint probability
Payables turnover
Degree of confidence
Rate of return
48. A variation of the market approach; considers actual transactions in the stock of the subject private company.
Ex-dividend date
Net operating assets
Prior transaction method
Dummy variable
49. A decision rule for choos-ing between two investments based on their means and variances.
Venture capital investors
Markowitz decision rule
Implied volatility
Required rate of return
50. The probability of an event given (conditioned on) another event.
Conditional probability
ackwardation
Commercial paper
Liruit up