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Test your basic knowledge |
CFA Level2 Vocab
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Subjects
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certifications
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cfa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An option strategy that involves buying a call with a lower exercise price and selling a call with a higher exercise price. It can also be exe-cuted with puts.
Heteroskedasticity
Joint probability
Overnight index swap (OIS)
Bull spread
2. The differential of infor-mation between corporate insiders and outsiders regarding the company's performance and prospects. Managers typically have more informa-tion about the company's performance and prospects than owners and creditors.
Pseudo-random numbers
synunetric information
Multi-step format
Active risk
3. An investment decision rule that states that an investment should be undertaken if its NPV is positive but not undertaken if its NPV is negative.
NPV rule
Weighted mean
Cost leadership
Investment objectives
4. An offset to accounts receivable for the amount of accounts receivable that are estimated to be uncollectible.
Asset-based approach
Build-up method
Allowance for bad debts
Long-term debt-ta-assets ratio
5. A dividend yield based on the anticipated dividend during the next 12 months.
Market value of invested capital
Clean surplus relation
Forward price or forward rate
Forward dividend yield
6. The analyst'S estimate of a stock's value at a particular point in the future .
Liruit up
Terminal value of the stock (or continuing value of the stock)
Binomial model
Off-market
7. An offset to revenue reflecting any cash refunds - credits on account - and discounts from sales prices given to cus-tomers who purchased defective or unsatisfactory items.
Out-of-the-money
Sales returns and allowances
Investment objectives
Accounts receivable turnover
8. The difference between current assets and current liabilities.
Root mean square(l er ror (RMSE)
Return on invested capital (ROIC)
Mesokurtic
Working capital
9. A merger or acquisition in which target shareholders are to receive shares of the acquirer's common stock as compensation.
Long-term debt-ta-assets ratio
Sample mean
Securities offering
Central limit theorem
10. Standard errors of the esti-mated parameters of a regression that correct for the presence of heteroskedastici ty in the regres-sion's error te
Bear hug
Robust standard errors
Out-of-sample forecast errors
Current exchange rate
11. An industry's underlying eco-nomic and technical characteristics.
Homogenization
Scalper
Industry structure
Linear interpolation
12. A time series that is not covariance station-ary is said to have a unit root.
Rent seeking
Efficient frontier
Periodic rate
Unit root
13. Theories that posit that cor-porate executives are motivated to engage in mergers to maximize the size of their company rather than shareholder value.
Creative response
Rule of 70
Trade-weighted index
Managerialism theories
14. A reserve created against deferred tax assets - based on the likelihood of realizing the deferred tax assets in future account-ing periods.
Internal rate of return (IRR)
Agency costs of equity
Pure discount instruments
Valuation allowance
15. Assets and liabilities with value equal to the amount of currency con-tracted for - a fixed amount of currency. Examples are cash - accounts receivable - mortgages receiv-able - accounts payable - bonds payable - and mort-gages payable. Inventory is
Monetary assets and liabilities
Binomial model
Sales returns and allowances
Cost averaging
16. 1) The simultaneous purchase of an undervalued asset or portfolio and sale of an over-valued but equivalent asset or portfolio - in order to obtain a riskless profit on the price differential. Taking advantage of a market inefficiency in a risk-free
Arbitrage
Current taxes payable
Excess kurtosis
Liquidation
17. The company's total cost of capital in money terms.
Coefficient of variation (CV)
Current assets - or liquid assets
Capital charge
Target payout ratio
18. A company's ability to satisfY its short-term obligations using assets that are most readily con-verted into cash; the ability to trade a futures con-tract - either selling a previously purchased contract or purchasing a previously sold contract.
Agency costs of equity
Settlement risk
Investment value
Liquidity
19. The interest earned each period on the original investment; interest calculated on the principal only.
Operating lease
Degree of financial leverage (DFL)
Simple interest
Top-down forecasting approach
20. The strongest form of short-term bank borrowing facilities; they are in effect for multiple years (e.g. - 3-5 years) and may have optional medium-term loan features.
Revolving credit agreements
Time to expiration
Sampling plan
Financial futures
21. The rate of dividend (and earnings) growth that can be sustained over time for a given level of re turn on equity - keeping the capi tal structure constant and wi thout issuing addi tional common stock.
Sustainable growth rate
Finance lease (capital lease)
Active strategy
Account format
22. A model for pncmg futurescontracts in which the futures price is determinedby adding the cost of carry to the spot price.
Credit-linked notes
Installment
Debt covenants
Cost of carry model
23. A factor related to the econ-omy - such as the inflation rate - industrial produc-tion - or economic sector membership. acroeconomic factor model A multifac tor model in which the factors are surprises in macroeco-nomic variables that significan tly
Macroeconomic factor
Free cash flow to equity
A priori probability
Single-payment loan
24. The amount at which an asset or liability is valued for tax purposes.
Spurious correlation
Perpetuity
Tax base (tax basis)
Correlation
25. The price paid to buy an asset.
Segment margin
Roy's safety first criterion
Index amortizing swap
Entry price
26. A method of revenue recognition in which - in each accounting period - the company estimates what percentage of the contract is complete and then reports that per-centage of the total contract revenue in its income statement.
Percentage-of-completion
Arbitrage opportunity
Discrete time
Independent projects
27. A procedure used in certain deriva-tive transactions that specifies that the long and short parties engage in the equivalent cash value of a delivery transaction.
Cash settlement
Price momentum
Accelerated methods of depreciation
Gross profit argin
28. Estimate of the aver-age number of days it takes to collect on credit accounts.
Dirty surplus accounting
In-sample forecast errors
Currency swap
Number of days of receivables
29. The feature of a futures contract giv-ing the short the right to make decisions about what - when - and where to deliver.
Diff swaps
Drag on li
Deliveryoption
Spreadsheet modeling
30. Amounts that a business owes to its vendors for goods and services that were pur-chased from them but which have not yet been paid.
Amortization
Real exchange rate
Accounts payable
Constant maturity swap or
31. Research and development costs relating to projects that are not yet completed - such as have been incurred by a company that is being acquired.
Conglomerate merger
Gross income multiplier (GIM)
In-process research and development
Designated fair value instruments
32. The difference between the observed value of a statistic and the quantity it is intended to estimate.
Before-tax cash flow
Sampling error
World Trade Organization
Scalper
33. Agreements made by a company in bankruptcy under which a company's capital struc-ture is altered and/ or alternative arrangements are made for debt repayment; U.S. Chapter II bankruptcy. The company emerges from bank-ruptcyas a going concern.
Reorganization
Exercise date
Out-of-the-money
Linear association
34. Income rate that reflects the relationship between equity income and equity capital.
Payment date
Standard deviation
Parameter instability
Equity dividend rate
35. A bank commitment to extend credit up to a pre-specified amount; the commitment is considered a short-term liability and is usually in effect for 364 days (one day short of a full year).
Economic growth rate
Percentiles
Real GDP per person
Committed lines of credit
36. The ratio ofthe percentage change in operating income to the percentage change in units sold; the sensitivity of operating income to changes in units sold.
Mark-ta-market
Heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors
Degree of operating leverage (DOL)
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
37. An investment decision rule that accepts projects or investments for which the IRR is greater than the opportunity cost of capital.
Tax loss carry forward
IRR rule
Vega
Continuous random variable
38. The risk that govern-mental laws and regulations directly or indirectly affecting a company's operations will change with potentially severe adverse effects on the com-pany's continued profitabiliny and even its long-term sustainability.
Equity forward
Mature growth rate
Inflation premium
Legislative and regulatory risk
39. An active investment strategy that includes intentional matching of the timing of cash outflows with investment maturities.
Financial risk
Paired observations
Minimum-variance frontier
Matching strategy
40. Public-company com-parables for the company being valued.
Growth investors
Pairs arbitrage
Tax expense
Guideline public companies
41. A type of top-down investing approach that involves emphasizing different eco-nomic sectors based on considerations such as macroeconomic forecasts.
Risk premium
Sector rotation strategy
Mean excess return
Convenience yield
42. A form of restructuring in which sharehold-ers of a parent company receive a proportional number of shares in a new - separate entity; share-holders end up owning stock in two different companies where there used to be one.
Hostile transaction
Spin-off
Time-series data
Double declining balance depreciation
43. The positive square root of the variance; a measure of dispersion in the same units as the original data.
Money market yield (or CD equivalent yield
Standard deviation
Full price
Fixed exchange rate
44. Debt or equity financial assets bought with the inten-tion to sell them in the near term - usually less than three months; securities that a company intends to trade.
Unidentifiable intangible
Parameter instability
Held-for-trading securities (trading securities)
Bond indentnre
45. A type of finance lease - from a lessor perspective - where the present value of the lease payments (lease receivable) equals the carry-ing value of the leased asset. The revenues earned by the lessor are financing in nature.
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46. Cannibalization occurs when an investment takes customers and sales away from another part of the company.
Translation exposure
Buy-side analysts
Revenue
Cannibalization
47. The U.S. interest rate minus the foreign interest rate.
Assets
Finance lease (capital lease)
U.S. interest rate differential
Commodity swap
48. A level of inventory beyond anticipated needs that provides a cushion in the event that it takes longer to replenish inventory than expected or in the case of greater than expected demand.
Deferred tax liabilities
Call
Partial regression coefficients or partial slope coeffi-cients
Precautionary stocks
49. A set of observations on a variable's out-comes in different time periods.
Time series
Cumulative distribution function
Futures contract
Strangle
50. Common sharehold-ers' equity minus intangible assets from the bal-ance sheet - divided by the number of shares outstanding.
If-converted method
Convertible debt
Realizable value (settlement value)
Tangible book value per share