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Test your basic knowledge |
CFA Level2 Vocab
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Study First
Subjects
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certifications
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cfa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The allocation of funds to rela-tively long-range projects or investments.
Value at risk (VAR)
Efficient frontier
Capital budgeting
Defined-benefit pension plans
2. For accounting purposes - the spot exchange rate on the balance sheet date.
Management buyout (MBO)
Current exchange rate
Credit
Debt rating approach
3. An index fund position cre-ated by combining risk-free bonds and futures on the desired index.
Pairs arbitrage trade
Synthetic index fund
Just-in-time method
Earnings management activity
4. The difference between the actual value per share and the no-growth value per share.
Bear spread
Debt covenants
Discount rate
Present value of growth opportunities (or value of growth)
5. A striNgent measure of liquidity th t ind'cates a company's ab'li ty to satisfY current liabilities with its most liquid assets - calcu-lated as (cash + short-tenn marketable invest-ments + receivables) divided by current liabilities.
Quick ratio - or acid test ratio
Contingent clain
Tobin's q
Ordinary shares (common stock or common shares)
6. The difference between reported net income on an accrual basis and the cash flows from operating and investing activities.
Cash-flow-statement-based aggregate accruals
Mean reversion
Capital account
U.S. interest rate differential
7. Taken as a deduction in arriving at net income.
Retail method
Asset-based approach
Net revenue
Expensed
8. The owners' remaining claim on the company's assets after the liabilities are deducted.
Long-term equity anticipatory securities (LEAPS)
In-the-money
Historical cost
Residual claim
9. The unsold units of product on hand.
Expectational arbitrage
Inventory
Payoff
Longitudinal data
10. Financial ratios involving bal-ance sheet items only.
Deep in the money
Fixed costs
Balance sheet ratios
Accounts payable
11. The risk that govern-mental laws and regulations directly or indirectly affecting a company's operations will change with potentially severe adverse effects on the com-pany's continued profitabiliny and even its long-term sustainability.
Model risk
Legislative and regulatory risk
Principal
Underlying
12. Arrangements that do not result in additional liabilities on the balance sheet but nonetheless create economic obligations.
Off-balance sheet imancing
Pretax margin
Identifiable intangible
Forward rate agreement (FRA)
13. Long-term assets with physical sub-stance that are used in company operations - such as land (property) - plant - and equipment.
Trade receivables (commercial receivables or accounts receivable)
Optimizer
Free cash flow to the
Tangible assets
14. Debt issued with warrants that give the bondholder the right to purchase equity at prespecified terms.
Float factor
Debt with warrants
Combination
Historical simulation (or back simulation)
15. An option strategy involving the purchase of one option and sale of another option that is identical to the first in all respects except either exercise price or expiration.
Venture capital investors
Down transition probability
Float factor
Spread
16. The ratio of a stock's market price to some m asure of va ue per share.
Direct f'mancing lease
Strip
Price multiple
Horizontal merger
17. A type of finance lease - from a lessor perspective - where the present value of the lease payments (lease receivable) equals the carry-ing value of the leased asset. The revenues earned by the lessor are financing in nature.
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18. A quantitative measure of skew (lack of symmetry); a synonym of skew.
Debt-to-capital ratio
Skewness
Time value of money
Standardized beta
19. The strategy of using futures contracts to enter the market without an immediate outlay of cash.
Pre-investing
Outcome
Trade credit
Acquisition method
20. When settling a contract - the risk that one party could be in the process of paying the counterparty while the counterparty is declar-ing bankruptcy.
Centralization permits economies of scale and allows a company to use some of its risks to offset other risks.
Settlement risk
Nonlinear relation
Pyramiding
21. The periodic investment of a fixed amount of money.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Debt rating approach
Cost averaging
Double taxation
22. A present value model of stock value that views the intrinsic value of a stock as present value of the stock's expected future dividends.
Book value equity per share
Chain rule of forecasting
Dividend discount model (DDM)
Sample kurtosis
23. Differences between tax and financial reporting of revenue (expenses) that will not be reversed at some future date. These result in a difference between the company's effective tax rate and statutory tax rate and do not result in a deferred tax item
Statement of changes in shareholders' equity (state-ment of owners' equity)
Cost of carry
Permanent differences
Quantile (or fractile)
24. Debt and equity secu-rities not classified as either held-to-maturity or held-for-trading securities. The investor is willing to sell but not actively planning to sell. In general - available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value on the bala
Empirical probability
Capital account
Arbitrage
Available-for-sale investments
25. With respect to double-entry accounting - a credit records increases in liability - owners' equity - and revenue accounts or decreases in asset accounts; with respect to borrowing - the willing-ness and ability of the borrower to make promised paymen
Credit
Delta-normal method
Exchange rate
Dividends per share
26. Diminishment in value as a result of car-rying (book) value exceeding fair value and/or recoverable value.
Financial futures
Sales risk
Straight-line method
Impairment
27. Offering two or more products for sale as a set.
Bundling
Basis point value (BPV)
Clean surplus relation
Continuing residual income
28. The risk associated with accounting standards that vary from country to country or with any uncertainty about how certain transac-tions should be recorded.
Ex-dividend
Accounting risk
Storage costs or carrying costs
Interest rate parity
29. A solvency ratio calculated as EBIT divided by interest payments.
Nondeliverable forwards (NDFs)
Incremental cash flow
Interest coverage
Heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors
30. A function with non-negative values such that probability can be described by areas under the curve graphing the function.
Probability density function
Accrued interest
Time-weighted rate of return
Ope ating profit margin (operating margin)
31. A stage of growth in which the com-pany reaches an equilibrium in which investment opportunities on average just earn their opportu-nity cost of capital.
Unearned revenue (deferred revenue)
Mature phase
Method based on forecasted fundamentals
Guideline public companies
32. In the fixed income markets - to price a security on the basis of valuation-relevant char-acteristics (e.g. - debt-rating approach).
Drag on li
Sampling error
Matrix pricing
Long-term contract
33. Valuation measures and other factors related to share price or the trading characteristics of the shares - such as earn-ings yield - dividend yield - and book-to-market value.
Bond yield plus risk premium approach
Company share-related factors
Credit-linked notes
Market-oriented investors
34. Agreements between the company as borrower and its creditors.
Debt covenants
Free cash flow
Single-step format
Earnings management activity
35. The probability of correctly rejecting the null-that is - rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false.
Partnership
Sales risk
Dispersion
Power of a test
36. The setting of overall policies and standards in risk management
Debt with warrants
Risk governance
White knight
Cost of carry
37. Valuation indi-cators that compare a stock's performance during a period either to its own past performance or to the performance of some group of stocks.
Benchmark
Relative strength (RSTR) indicators
Internal rate of return (IRR)
Trust receipt arrangement
38. An option that gives the holder the right to sellan underlying asset to another party at a fixedprice over a specific period of time.
Cash conversion cycle (net operating cycle)
Price discovery
Put
Annual percentage rate
39. A basis for reporting investment income in which the investing entity recognizes a share of income as earned rather than as divi-dends when received. These transactions are typi-cally reflected in Investments in Associates or Equity Method Investment
Equity method
Realizable value (settlement value)
Put
Long
40. The analysis of portfolio performance in terms of the contribu-tions from various sources of risk.
Settlement period
Holding period return
Error autocorrelation
Portfolio performance attribution
41. P/E calculated on the basis of a forecast of EPS; a stock's current price divided by next year's expected earnings.
Mature phase
Vertical analysis
Sample mean
Forward P/E (also leading P/E or prospective P/E)
42. Assets that are expected to provide economic benefits over a future period of time - typically greater than one year.
Empirical probability
Passive portfolio
Receivables turnover
Long-lived assets (or long-term assets)
43. A correlation that misleadingly points towards associations between variables.
Spurious correlation
Sample selection bias
Pull on liquidity
Momentum indicators
44. I) An interest rate swap involving two floating rates. 2) A swap in which both parties pay a floating rate.
Active risk squared
asis swap
Unexpected earnings (also earnings surprise)
Net operating profit less adjusted taxes - or NOPLAT
45. A poison pill takeover defense that dilutes an acquirer's ownership in a target by giv-ing other existing target company shareholders the right to buy additional target company shares at a discount.
Face value (also principal - par value - stated value - or maturity value)
Foreign currency transactions
Mispricing
Flip-in pill
46. Any rate used in finding the present value of a future cash flow.
Discount rate
First-differencing
Adjusted present value (APV)
Dummy variable
47. A valuation ratio calculated as price per share divided by book value per share.
Block
Price to book value
Enterprise value multiple
Common-size analysis
48. A person or country has a comparative advantage in an activi ty if that person or country can perform the activity at a lower opportunity cost than anyone else or any other country.
Estimator
Dependent
Option price - option premium - or premium
Comparative advantage
49. The unlevered beta; reflects the business risk of the assets; the asset's systematic risk.
Current account
Asset beta
Horizontal analysis
Hypothesis testing
50. Short-term obligations - such as accounts payable - wages payable - or accrued liabil-ities - that are expected to be settled in the near future - typically one year or less.
Corporate raider
Revaluation
Roy's safety first criterion
Current liabilities