Test your basic knowledge |

Chemical Basis For Life

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A simple sugar - such as glucose or fructose - that has six carbon atoms per molecule.






2. A process that results in the creation of new chemicals involving changes in the movement of electrons in forming and breaking chemical bonds.






3. The abbreviation of the name of a chemical element. Used to identify the element in the Periodic Table of the Elements.






4. XY >> X + Y






5. Threadlike accumulations of DNA in the nuclei of cells that are particularly visible during mitosis. The DNA contains the genetic material of the cell.






6. Chains of more than 10 amino acids.






7. Reactions that break down more complex materials into simpler ones by adding water; water molecules are consumed in the reaction.






8. Unique specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.






9. The main component of triglycerides present in all fats; triglycerides are soluble in water and alcohol.






10. The average mass of an atom of an element; equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.






11. A substance made up of two or more elements.






12. A chemical reaction in which chemical substances exchange molecules or elements to form different chemcial substances; a combination of decomposition and synthesis reactions.






13. The force between two particles of opposite electrical charge.






14. A molecule with oppositely charged ends.






15. X + Y >> XY






16. Substances that dissolve in water to yield hydroxyl ions and give the solution a pH greater than 7.






17. The breaking down of nutrients into smaller and simpler materials for use by the cell to release energy; the opposite of anabolism.






18. Substances that dissolve in water to yield hydrogen ions and produce a solution with a pH less than 7.






19. A molecule that contains both a lipid and a protein; often function as transmembrane proteins to move substances across the cell membrane or as transport proteins in the blood.






20. An eicosanoid produced by platelets that causes vasoconstriction and promotes the clumping of platelets.






21. This minor element is the principal - positive ion within cells and is important in nerve function.






22. The rate at which radioactive isotopes emit energy; used to determine the age of artifacts found on archeological digs.






23. Substance that induces chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed; e.g. - heat - enzymes.






24. This trace element is a key component of thyroid hormone; without this element - the thyroid gland cannot make its hormone - resulting in a swelling called goiter.






25. A dense region at the center of an atom consisting of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons.






26. Hormonelike substances that are produced and exert many effects locally in a variety of body tissues.






27. Chemical messenger of the body produced and excreted by specific cells for the purpose of regulating specific organs or cells.






28. The grouping of electrons around the nucleus of an atom; the electrons in the outer level are responsible for chemical reactions.






29. An eicosanoid formed from the activation of white blood cells; act to sustain inflammation in asthmatic and allergic reactions.






30. A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction. Arrows are used to denote in which direction the reaction is occurring. Chemical symbols are used to denote the reactants and products of the reaction.






31. Substance acted on by an enzyme.






32. Referred to as DNA; the genetic material of a living organism found in strands called chromatin in the nucleus of the cell.






33. The tendency of a tissue to absorb or be attracted to water; water- loving.






34. Abbreviation for adenosine triphosphate.






35. A molecule produced in the mitochondria of the cell that holds large amounts of energy in its chemical bonds - which - when released - drives chemical reactions in the cell.






36. The group of fatty or fatlike substances that are insoluble in water; can dissolve in alcohol - ether - chloroform - and other nonpolar substances.






37. The combination of two or more simple materials to form one or more complex materials by removing water; e.g. - two monosaccharides combining to form a disaccharide + water.






38. Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton that contains four fused rings; cholesterol is an example.






39. Phosphate bonds in ADP and ATP containing large amounts of energy; when the bond is broken - the energy becomes available to do cellular work.






40. Chemical bonds in which electrons are shared.






41. A chemical reaction in which elements or simple molecular reactants are combined into a more complex product; the opposite of a decomposition reaction.






42. Substances initially involved in a chemical reaction.






43. Simple sugars; single sugar molecules - including glucose - galactose - and fructose.






44. Electrically charged atoms or molecules.






45. Anything that has mass and exists as a solid - liquid or gas.






46. The organic compounds of hydrogen - oxygen - and carbon that - when mixed with glycerol - form fat; may be saturated - unsaturated - or volatile.






47. Any of a group of substances derived from 20- carbon unsaturated fatty acids - such as arachidonic acid; includes prostaglandins - leukotrienes - and thromboxanes. They are the principle mediators of inflammation.






48. Large organic compounds that are composed of amino acids held in peptide bonds to form polypeptides; the most abundant organic molecules in the body with the widest variety of functions.






49. This trace element is a critical component of hemoglobin; without adequate amounts of this element - animals develop anemia.






50. A subatomic particle with no electrical charge that joins with the protons to make up the entire mass of the nucleus.






?:?:)

Search BasicVersity Tests



OR

Browse BasicVersity