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Test your basic knowledge |
Chemical Basis For Life
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chemical bonds in which electrons are shared.
Covalent Bond
Solvent
Matter
Monosaccarides
2. A compound containing hydrocarbon groups.
Decomposition Reactions
Lipoprotein
Atom
Organic Compounds
3. The combination of phosphoric acid - pentose sugars - and pyrimidine or purine bases that make up nucleic acids.
Atom
Nucleotide
Decomposition Reactions
Ions
4. Any of 116 known substances that cannot be separated into smaller substances; the smallest unit of this is an atom.
Triglyceride
Solute
Elements
Hydrophilic
5. The average mass of an atom of an element; equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Buffer
Activation Energy
Decomposition Reactions
Atomic Weight
6. The organic compounds of hydrogen - oxygen - and carbon that - when mixed with glycerol - form fat; may be saturated - unsaturated - or volatile.
Fatty Acid
Cation
Substrate
Prostaglandin
7. Subatomic particles with a positive charge that - along with neutrons - make up the entire mass of the nucleus; number of these defines the atomic number.
Protons
Iron
Phospholipid
Neutral Fats
8. The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Anabolism
Saturated
Activation Energy
9. Chains of more than 10 amino acids.
Inorganic Compound
Unsaturated
Tripeptide
Polypeptide
10. Phosphate bonds in ADP and ATP containing large amounts of energy; when the bond is broken - the energy becomes available to do cellular work.
Decomposition Reaction
Nucleotide
Phospholipid
High- energy Bonds
11. Complex proteins bearing a spherical shape; highly biochemically active. Also called globular proteins (e.g. - immunoglobulins or antibodies).
Neutron
Functional Protein
Atomic Number
Product
12. A large molecule consisting of smaller units linked together such as a polysaccharide or polypeptide.
Macromolecule
Decomposition Reaction
Chemical Equation
Chromosomes
13. A chemical reaction in which a complex reactant is divided into simpler molecules or elements; the opposite of a synthesis reaction.
Decomposition Reactions
High- energy Bonds
Phospholipid
Lipoprotein
14. Anything that has mass and exists as a solid - liquid or gas.
Organic Compounds
Activation Energy
Matter
Covalent Bond
15. A chemical reaction in which elements or simple molecular reactants are combined into a more complex product; the opposite of a decomposition reaction.
Protein
Synthesis Reaction
Water
Monosaccarides
16. A compound composed of a carbohydrate - usually in the form of a sugar - and a protein.
Fatty Acid
Reactants
Glycoprotein
Chemical Reaction
17. The abbreviation of the name of a chemical element. Used to identify the element in the Periodic Table of the Elements.
Steroids
Decomposition Reaction
Chemical Equation
Chemical Symbol
18. A molecule that contains both a lipid and a protein; often function as transmembrane proteins to move substances across the cell membrane or as transport proteins in the blood.
Substrate
Functional Protein
Catabolism
Lipoprotein
19. An eicosanoid formed from the activation of white blood cells; act to sustain inflammation in asthmatic and allergic reactions.
Nucleic Acid
Leukotrienes
Bases
Chemical Equation
20. Abbreviation for adenosine triphosphate.
Electron Shell
Chemical Equation
Unsaturated
ATP
21. A chemical that does not contain hydrocarbon groups.
Inorganic Compound
Buffer
Calcium
Macromolecule
22. The grouping of electrons around the nucleus of an atom; the electrons in the outer level are responsible for chemical reactions.
Antibodies
Potassium
Activation Energy
Electron Shell
23. A substance that minimizes the change of the acidity of a solution when an acid or base is added to the solution.
Nucleotide
Matter
Buffer
Rate of Decay
24. Substances that dissolve in water to yield hydroxyl ions and give the solution a pH greater than 7.
Thromboxane
Bases
ATP
Glycerol
25. A peptide that consists of three amino acids.
Tripeptide
Polysaccharides
Atom
Compound
26. The form of metabolism in which cells build large molecules from smaller ones - using energy in the process; the opposite of catabolism.
Fatty Acid
Hormone
Anabolism
Electron Shell
27. Reactions that break down more complex materials into simpler ones by adding water; water molecules are consumed in the reaction.
Compound
Bases
Decomposition Reactions
Hydrolysis...
28. The main component of triglycerides present in all fats; triglycerides are soluble in water and alcohol.
Polypeptide
Functional Protein
Glycerol
Exchange Reaction
29. The rate at which radioactive isotopes emit energy; used to determine the age of artifacts found on archeological digs.
Reactants
Rate of Decay
Antibodies
Thromboxane
30. This trace element is a key component of thyroid hormone; without this element - the thyroid gland cannot make its hormone - resulting in a swelling called goiter.
Chemical Reaction
Protein
Iodine
Covalent Bond
31. A substance in which another substance is dissolved; water is the universal solvent.
Isotopes
Ionic Bond
Solvent
Molecule
32. Substance acted on by an enzyme.
Product
Prostaglandin
Substrate
Protein
33. One of two or more atoms having the same atomic number (same number of protons) but different masses (different number of neutrons).
Activation Energy
Acids
Isotopes
Neutron
34. The smallest particle of a substance composed of two or more atoms that retains the properties of the substance.
Solute
Ions
Molecule
Lipoprotein
35. Positively charged ions.
Covalent Bond
Synthesis Reaction
7.4
Cation
36. Simple sugars; single sugar molecules - including glucose - galactose - and fructose.
Synthesis Reaction
Functional Protein
Compound
Monosaccarides
37. The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom; in a neutrally charged atom - the atomic number is also the number of electrons.
Synthesis Reaction
Chemical Symbol
Atomic Number
Activation Energy
38. This minor element is a component of bones and teeth - along with phosphorous; it forms salts that ossify the bones to make them hard and strong.
Phospholipid
Calcium
Electrostatic Attraction
Atomic Nucleus
39. This inorganic molecule serves as a transport substance in blood - lymph - and urine; its other properties include universal solvent - high heat of vaporization - and lubricant.
Glycerol
Water
Bases
Atomic Number
40. Any ionic copmound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions so that the product is electrically neutral.
Covalent Bond
Polar Molecule
Salt
Protons
41. WX + YZ >> WY + XZ
Chemical Reaction
Exchange Reaction
Electrostatic Attraction
Organic Compounds
42. A type of chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or molecules (ions).
Ionic Bond
Macromolecule
Salt
Elements
43. A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction. Arrows are used to denote in which direction the reaction is occurring. Chemical symbols are used to denote the reactants and products of the reaction.
Chemical Equation
Molecule
Radioactive Isotope
Water
44. The class of substances that inclde RNA and DNA and are located within cells of all living things.
Steroids
Nucleic Acid
Ions
Glycogen
45. Unique specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
Functional Protein
Unsaturated
Lipids
Functional Group
46. A force by which atoms are bound in a molecule: covalent bonds - ionic bonds - and hydrogen bonds.
Unsaturated
Iron
Chemical Bond
Prostaglandin
47. This minor element is an important positive ion in extracellular fluid and is important in nerve funciton.
Activation Energy
Sodium
Electron Shell
Neutral Fats
48. The breaking down of nutrients into smaller and simpler materials for use by the cell to release energy; the opposite of anabolism.
Matter
Pentose Sugar
Tripeptide
Catabolism
49. Electrically charged atoms or molecules.
Ions
Phospholipid
Compound
Lipids
50. A glycerol composed of three fatty acids - which are the main storage form of water- insoluble lipids; also known as neutral fat.
Polypeptide
Triglyceride
Molecule
Hydrolysis...