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Test your basic knowledge |
Chemical Basis For Life
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fatty acids in which not all chemical binding sites of the molecules are filled with hydrogen; contain one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature. Usually plant in origin.
Product
Unsaturated
Protein
Rate of Decay
2. Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton that contains four fused rings; cholesterol is an example.
Macromolecule
Calcium
Steroids
Activation Energy
3. Electrically charged atoms or molecules.
Atomic Weight
Activation Energy
Ions
Eicosanoid
4. Any ionic copmound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions so that the product is electrically neutral.
Atomic Nucleus
Chromosomes
Chemical Symbol
Salt
5. A type of chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or molecules (ions).
Protein
Tripeptide
Functional Protein
Ionic Bond
6. The group of fatty or fatlike substances that are insoluble in water; can dissolve in alcohol - ether - chloroform - and other nonpolar substances.
Solution
Glycerol
Lipids
7.4
7. Unique specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
Chemical Reaction
Functional Group
Atomic Weight
Synthesis Reaction
8. A chemical that does not contain hydrocarbon groups.
Ions
Chemical Reaction
Atomic Number
Inorganic Compound
9. This minor element is an important positive ion in extracellular fluid and is important in nerve funciton.
Activation Energy
Dehydration Synthesis...
Sodium
Catalyst
10. Chemical messenger of the body produced and excreted by specific cells for the purpose of regulating specific organs or cells.
Isotopes
Hormone
Atomic Number
Potassium
11. The main component of triglycerides present in all fats; triglycerides are soluble in water and alcohol.
Glycerol
Tripeptide
Chemical Symbol
Monosaccarides
12. A dense region at the center of an atom consisting of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons.
Functional Protein
Atomic Nucleus
Glycoprotein
7.4
13. A compound containing hydrocarbon groups.
Organic Compounds
Polar Molecule
Acids
Electron Shell
14. Abbreviation for adenosine triphosphate.
ATP
Decomposition Reactions
Chemical Equation
Protein
15. The average mass of an atom of an element; equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Decomposition Reactions
Functional Protein
7.4
Atomic Weight
16. Reactions that break down more complex materials into simpler ones by adding water; water molecules are consumed in the reaction.
Hydrolysis...
Functional Protein
Chromosomes
Adenosine Triphosphate
17. A large molecule consisting of smaller units linked together such as a polysaccharide or polypeptide.
Polar Molecule
Monosaccarides
Dehydration Synthesis...
Macromolecule
18. Simple sugars; single sugar molecules - including glucose - galactose - and fructose.
Monosaccarides
Functional Protein
Calcium
Exchange Reaction
19. A lipid composed of three fatty acids and a glycerol; also known as triglycerides.
Functional Group
Synthesis Reaction
Chromosomes
Neutral Fats
20. The class of substances that inclde RNA and DNA and are located within cells of all living things.
Nucleic Acid
Covalent Bond
Nucleotide
High- energy Bonds
21. A molecule composed of three parts: phosphorous - fatty acids and glycerol; major component of cell membranes.
Exchange Reaction
Lipids
Fatty Acid
Phospholipid
22. The form of metabolism in which cells build large molecules from smaller ones - using energy in the process; the opposite of catabolism.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Synthesis Reaction
Anabolism
Fatty Acid
23. Anything that has mass and exists as a solid - liquid or gas.
Fatty Acid
Rate of Decay
Matter
Carbon
24. A simple sugar - such as glucose or fructose - that has six carbon atoms per molecule.
7.4
Hexose Sugar
Steroids
Sodium
25. A subatomic particle with no electrical charge that joins with the protons to make up the entire mass of the nucleus.
Buffer
Adenosine Triphosphate
Neutron
Catabolism
26. WX + YZ >> WY + XZ
Chemical Symbol
Pentose Sugar
Exchange Reaction
Carbon
27. The tendency of a tissue to absorb or be attracted to water; water- loving.
Hydrophilic
Hormone
Carbon
Synthesis Reaction
28. A force by which atoms are bound in a molecule: covalent bonds - ionic bonds - and hydrogen bonds.
Chemical Bond
Water
Cation
Compound
29. A glycerol composed of three fatty acids - which are the main storage form of water- insoluble lipids; also known as neutral fat.
Synthesis Reaction
Protein
Glycoprotein
Triglyceride
30. The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
Activation Energy
ATP
Molecule
Atomic Number
31. A substance made up of two or more elements.
Reactants
Molecule
Pentose Sugar
Compound
32. The tendency of a tissue to be repelled by water or to be insoluble; water- fearing.
High- energy Bonds
Hydrophobic
Unsaturated
Dehydration Synthesis...
33. A peptide that consists of three amino acids.
Tripeptide
Matter
Catabolism
Atomic Number
34. This inorganic molecule serves as a transport substance in blood - lymph - and urine; its other properties include universal solvent - high heat of vaporization - and lubricant.
High- energy Bonds
Water
Solution
7.4
35. A substance that minimizes the change of the acidity of a solution when an acid or base is added to the solution.
Carbon
Buffer
Solute
Elements
36. The combination of two or more simple materials to form one or more complex materials by removing water; e.g. - two monosaccharides combining to form a disaccharide + water.
Protein
Chemical Bond
Antibodies
Dehydration Synthesis...
37. A molecule produced in the mitochondria of the cell that holds large amounts of energy in its chemical bonds - which - when released - drives chemical reactions in the cell.
Radioactive Isotope
Chemical Equation
Adenosine Triphosphate
Steroids
38. The grouping of electrons around the nucleus of an atom; the electrons in the outer level are responsible for chemical reactions.
Ionic Bond
Solute
Electron Shell
Atom
39. A process that results in the creation of new chemicals involving changes in the movement of electrons in forming and breaking chemical bonds.
Chemical Reaction
Tripeptide
Hydrolysis...
Hydrophobic
40. This trace element is a critical component of hemoglobin; without adequate amounts of this element - animals develop anemia.
Iron
Chemical Reaction
Triglyceride
Fatty Acid
41. The new substance created by the interaction of two or more chemical substances.
Buffer
Product
Chemical Bond
Chemical Reaction
42. Substance that induces chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed; e.g. - heat - enzymes.
Glycogen
Unsaturated
Catalyst
Steroids
43. Substances initially involved in a chemical reaction.
Reactants
Eicosanoid
Polypeptide
Chemical Bond
44. A compound composed of a carbohydrate - usually in the form of a sugar - and a protein.
Functional Group
Protons
Electron Shell
Glycoprotein
45. A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction. Arrows are used to denote in which direction the reaction is occurring. Chemical symbols are used to denote the reactants and products of the reaction.
Chemical Equation
Lipoprotein
Phospholipid
Pentose Sugar
46. Substances that dissolve in water to yield hydrogen ions and produce a solution with a pH less than 7.
Atomic Weight
Acids
Dehydration Synthesis...
Solution
47. This major element is the primary component of organic molecules.
Protein
Neutron
Solute
Carbon
48. Large organic compounds that are composed of amino acids held in peptide bonds to form polypeptides; the most abundant organic molecules in the body with the widest variety of functions.
Protein
Triglyceride
Unsaturated
Atomic Weight
49. A chemical reaction in which a complex reactant is divided into simpler molecules or elements; the opposite of a synthesis reaction.
Tripeptide
Decomposition Reactions
Exchange Reaction
Inorganic Compound
50. The organic compounds of hydrogen - oxygen - and carbon that - when mixed with glycerol - form fat; may be saturated - unsaturated - or volatile.
Fatty Acid
Solute
Salt
Chemical Bond