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Test your basic knowledge |
Chemical Basis For Life
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A force by which atoms are bound in a molecule: covalent bonds - ionic bonds - and hydrogen bonds.
Functional Group
Sodium
Atomic Nucleus
Chemical Bond
2. Storage form of polysaccharides in the body; can be broken down to glucose by the liver and sent to the cells to make more energy.
Atom
Glycogen
Solvent
Hydrolysis...
3. A subatomic particle with no electrical charge that joins with the protons to make up the entire mass of the nucleus.
Inorganic Compound
Neutron
Solution
Lipids
4. A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction. Arrows are used to denote in which direction the reaction is occurring. Chemical symbols are used to denote the reactants and products of the reaction.
Functional Group
Chemical Equation
Potassium
Cation
5. A chemical reaction in which chemical substances exchange molecules or elements to form different chemcial substances; a combination of decomposition and synthesis reactions.
Activation Energy
Neutron
Glycoprotein
Exchange Reaction
6. An unstable isotope of an element that decomposes spontaneously by emission of subatomic particles and radiation.
Atomic Nucleus
Anabolism
Polar Molecule
Radioactive Isotope
7. Unique specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
Polypeptide
Atomic Weight
Functional Group
Sodium
8. Fatty acids in which not all chemical binding sites of the molecules are filled with hydrogen; contain one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature. Usually plant in origin.
Atomic Nucleus
Lipids
Unsaturated
Covalent Bond
9. This minor element is the principal - positive ion within cells and is important in nerve function.
Calcium
Cation
Protein
Potassium
10. The abbreviation of the name of a chemical element. Used to identify the element in the Periodic Table of the Elements.
Lipids
Chemical Symbol
Functional Group
Neutron
11. The force between two particles of opposite electrical charge.
Adenosine Triphosphate
Electrostatic Attraction
Glycogen
Ions
12. Two or more substances mixed homogenously.
Macromolecule
Unsaturated
Prostaglandin
Solution
13. An eicosanoid formed from the activation of white blood cells; act to sustain inflammation in asthmatic and allergic reactions.
Leukotrienes
Protons
Sodium
Decomposition Reaction
14. This trace element is a key component of thyroid hormone; without this element - the thyroid gland cannot make its hormone - resulting in a swelling called goiter.
Atom
Hexose Sugar
Product
Iodine
15. A glycerol composed of three fatty acids - which are the main storage form of water- insoluble lipids; also known as neutral fat.
Monosaccarides
Triglyceride
Glycogen
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
16. A chemical reaction in which a complex reactant is divided into simpler molecules or elements; the opposite of a synthesis reaction.
Decomposition Reactions
Bases
Iron
Synthesis Reaction
17. The tendency of a tissue to absorb or be attracted to water; water- loving.
Hydrophilic
Lipids
Glycerol
Reactants
18. Chemical bonds in which electrons are shared.
Isotopes
Activation Energy
Covalent Bond
Steroids
19. This trace element is a critical component of hemoglobin; without adequate amounts of this element - animals develop anemia.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Elements
Iron
Isotopes
20. A process that results in the creation of new chemicals involving changes in the movement of electrons in forming and breaking chemical bonds.
Chemical Reaction
Protein
Lipids
Calcium
21. Subatomic particles with a positive charge that - along with neutrons - make up the entire mass of the nucleus; number of these defines the atomic number.
Hexose Sugar
Protons
Product
Inorganic Compound
22. A molecule with oppositely charged ends.
Polar Molecule
Ions
Neutron
Buffer
23. A compound containing hydrocarbon groups.
Product
Glycerol
Exchange Reaction
Organic Compounds
24. A simple sugar that has five carbon atoms per molecule; an important component of riboflavin and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Pentose Sugar
Sodium
Fatty Acid
Product
25. A compound composed of a carbohydrate - usually in the form of a sugar - and a protein.
Monosaccarides
Electron Shell
Bases
Glycoprotein
26. Substance that induces chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed; e.g. - heat - enzymes.
Catalyst
Bases
Synthesis Reaction
Solute
27. An animal's physiologic pH.
Fatty Acid
Prostaglandin
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
7.4
28. A substance that minimizes the change of the acidity of a solution when an acid or base is added to the solution.
Buffer
Monosaccarides
Prostaglandin
Bases
29. The tendency of a tissue to be repelled by water or to be insoluble; water- fearing.
ATP
Electron Shell
Atom
Hydrophobic
30. This major element is the primary component of organic molecules.
Chemical Equation
Carbon
Prostaglandin
Atomic Number
31. A peptide that consists of three amino acids.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Tripeptide
Iron
Electrostatic Attraction
32. The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
Lipids
Hydrophobic
Elements
Activation Energy
33. Proteins produced by plasma cells (B lymphocytes) in response to the presence of an antigen; type of functional protein.
Protein
Hormone
Antibodies
Iodine
34. Phosphate bonds in ADP and ATP containing large amounts of energy; when the bond is broken - the energy becomes available to do cellular work.
Catalyst
High- energy Bonds
Isotopes
Chemical Reaction
35. The smallest unit of an element having all the characteristics of that element.
Atom
Electrostatic Attraction
Synthesis Reaction
Atomic Weight
36. Substance that is dissolved in another substance; the component of a solution that is present in the lesser amount.
Catabolism
Solute
Ions
Solvent
37. The grouping of electrons around the nucleus of an atom; the electrons in the outer level are responsible for chemical reactions.
Hexose Sugar
Electron Shell
Solvent
Bases
38. X + Y >> XY
Ionic Bond
Neutral Fats
Synthesis Reaction
Activation Energy
39. The combination of two or more simple materials to form one or more complex materials by removing water; e.g. - two monosaccharides combining to form a disaccharide + water.
Dehydration Synthesis...
Antibodies
Anabolism
Product
40. The group of fatty or fatlike substances that are insoluble in water; can dissolve in alcohol - ether - chloroform - and other nonpolar substances.
Lipids
Chemical Equation
Triglyceride
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
41. The average mass of an atom of an element; equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Atomic Weight
Macromolecule
Saturated
Eicosanoid
42. Referred to as DNA; the genetic material of a living organism found in strands called chromatin in the nucleus of the cell.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Atomic Nucleus
Pentose Sugar
Dehydration Synthesis...
43. The new substance created by the interaction of two or more chemical substances.
Product
Tripeptide
Exchange Reaction
Glycogen
44. The form of metabolism in which cells build large molecules from smaller ones - using energy in the process; the opposite of catabolism.
Thromboxane
Anabolism
7.4
Polypeptide
45. Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton that contains four fused rings; cholesterol is an example.
Acids
Chromosomes
Chemical Symbol
Steroids
46. Any of 116 known substances that cannot be separated into smaller substances; the smallest unit of this is an atom.
Decomposition Reactions
Atomic Number
Elements
Iodine
47. The smallest particle of a substance composed of two or more atoms that retains the properties of the substance.
Molecule
Decomposition Reactions
Protons
Elements
48. Chains of more than 10 amino acids.
Polypeptide
Chromosomes
Calcium
Decomposition Reactions
49. This minor element is a component of bones and teeth - along with phosphorous; it forms salts that ossify the bones to make them hard and strong.
Chemical Reaction
Chemical Bond
Calcium
Catalyst
50. WX + YZ >> WY + XZ
Fatty Acid
Exchange Reaction
Lipids
Antibodies