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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
TCP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

2. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
All
TCP uses flow control
20 and 8
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

3. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
User Datagram Protocol
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Connectionless

4. Port 20 is?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Netstat -r and route print
FTP
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

5. TCP header provides for
Acknowledgment field significant
Maximum transmission unit
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Routing table

6. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic / private
TCP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

7. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

8. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
TCP
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

9. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
TCP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

10. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
49152 - 65535.

11. What is a broadcast domain?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Upper
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

12. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
UDP
FIN
TCP

13. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Connectionless

14. Port 23 is?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Data link - physical
Telnet

15. What is the protocol number for UDP?
49152 - 65535.
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
POP3
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

16. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
The source and destination port number
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

17. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
It Doesn't - TCP does
Connectionless
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
128

18. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
20 and 8
FIN
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

19. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Does not
Ephermeral
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

20. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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21. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
TCP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Transport

22. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Decapsulation
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

23. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
TCP uses flow control
20 and 8
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

24. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Static routing
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

25. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
TCP
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
All

26. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Acknowledgment field significant
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

27. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

28. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Unique

29. What is the port range for Registered ports
Does not
All
Dynamic / private
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

30. What is the port range for well known ports
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
SMTP
An alternate HTTP port
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

31. UDP stands for?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Netstat -r and route print
User Datagram Protocol

32. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
UDP

33. UDP does or does not create a session?
All
Gateway
Does not
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

34. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
49152 - 65535.
Unique

35. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
It Doesn't - TCP does
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

36. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
POP3
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Upper
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

37. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Window size
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Upper

38. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
UDP
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
All

39. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
All
TCP uses flow control

40. Port 520 is?
Transport
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

41. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
TCP
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Window size

42. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Maximum transmission unit
49152 - 65535.
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Packet

43. Name the private address blocks
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Acknowledgment field significant
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

44. Ephermeral port is what type of port
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Dynamic / private
Connectionless
Packet

45. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

46. ACK is?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Acknowledgment field significant
UDP

47. What does segmentation provide to communications?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

48. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
The source and destination port number
Transport

49. Port 25 is?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
SMTP
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

50. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
FIN
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Dynamic / private

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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