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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
20 and 8
User Datagram Protocol

2. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
TCP
1
FTP

3. Port 8080 is?
An alternate HTTP port
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
User Datagram Protocol
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

4. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
TCP uses flow control
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

5. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Gateway
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

6. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
The source and destination port number
POP3
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
It Doesn't - TCP does

7. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Unique
Static routing
An alternate HTTP port
Destination network - next-hop - metric

8. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Decapsulation
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

9. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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10. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

11. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Data link - physical
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
53

12. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
TCP uses flow control
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

13. In networking terms - What is reliability?
49152 - 65535.
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
53

14. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Gateway
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Static routing

15. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Unique
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

16. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
FIN
49152 - 65535.
User Datagram Protocol
UDP

17. Which of the following is true about IP?

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18. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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19. SYN is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
An alternate HTTP port
Synchronize sequence numbers

20. What is the port range for Registered ports
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

21. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
The source and destination port number
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

22. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
53
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Unique

23. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
1
Does not
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Gateway

24. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
POP3
Ephermeral

25. Why is IP 'media independent'?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
128
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

26. List three network applications that use TCP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

27. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
128
Packet
Connectionless
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

28. What is the default DNS port number?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Transport
53
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

29. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Ephermeral
Maximum transmission unit
TCP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

30. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
IRC
Synchronize sequence numbers
TCP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

31. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Acknowledgment field significant
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

32. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Data link - physical
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
TCP
1

33. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Upper
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

34. Port 23 is?
1
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Telnet
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

35. Are well known ports registered
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Maximum transmission unit
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

36. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
20 and 8
TCP
TCP uses flow control
Netstat -r and route print

37. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
IRC
Gateway
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Window size

38. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
It Doesn't - TCP does
20 and 8
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Maximum transmission unit

39. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
POP3
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
FTP
Routers (the subnetting process)

40. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Decapsulation
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Synchronize sequence numbers

41. What does segmentation provide to communications?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Decapsulation
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

42. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
FIN
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

43. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
IRC
Window size
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

44. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Data link - physical
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

45. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
1
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

46. Port 194 is?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Upper
20 and 8
IRC

47. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
UDP
Destination network - next-hop - metric
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

48. Port 520 is?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Data link - physical
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

49. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
20 and 8
1

50. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Upper
Decapsulation
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time