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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
User Datagram Protocol
It Doesn't - TCP does
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

2. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
TCP uses flow control
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

3. Port 194 is?
Routing table
Synchronize sequence numbers
Dynamic / private
IRC

4. Which of the following are true about IP?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

5. Name the private address blocks
Netstat -r and route print
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Routing table
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

6. Port 25 is?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
SMTP
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

7. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
IRC
20 and 8
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

8. List three network applications that use UDP
Does not
Ephermeral
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

9. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Connectionless
TCP
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

10. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
128
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

11. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Static routing
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

12. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

13. Port 23 is?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
FIN
Telnet

14. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Netstat -r and route print
SMTP

15. UDP stands for?
It Doesn't - TCP does
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
User Datagram Protocol
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

16. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

17. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
It Doesn't - TCP does
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
TCP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

18. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
FIN

19. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Synchronize sequence numbers
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Routers (the subnetting process)

20. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

21. SYN is?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Routers (the subnetting process)
Synchronize sequence numbers
Gateway

22. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

23. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
1
FIN
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Netstat -r and route print

24. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

25. TCP header provides for
Packet
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TCP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

26. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Window size
POP3
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

27. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
128
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

28. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
20 and 8
Connectionless
TCP
The source and destination port number

29. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Transport
Ephermeral
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

30. Which of the following is true about IP?

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31. ACK is?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
TCP uses flow control
It Doesn't - TCP does
Acknowledgment field significant

32. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Data link - physical
IRC
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

33. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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34. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
128
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Maximum transmission unit

35. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
It Doesn't - TCP does
User Datagram Protocol
Decapsulation

36. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

37. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Acknowledgment field significant
Ephermeral

38. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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39. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Routers (the subnetting process)
Maximum transmission unit
Upper

40. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Packet
Routers (the subnetting process)
Netstat -r and route print
SMTP

41. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Upper
Telnet

42. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
TCP
SMTP
49152 - 65535.
Upper

43. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
FTP
128

44. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
UDP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
1

45. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
Connectionless
It Doesn't - TCP does
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

46. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Static routing
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Data link - physical
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

47. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Destination network - next-hop - metric

48. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Maximum transmission unit
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

49. UDP does or does not create a session?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Does not
Decapsulation
An alternate HTTP port

50. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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