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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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2. Which of the following is true about IP?

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3. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
All
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

4. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
1
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Netstat -r and route print

5. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
An alternate HTTP port
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

6. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
1

7. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Unique
Destination network - next-hop - metric

8. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Static routing
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Connectionless

9. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Acknowledgment field significant
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

10. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

11. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
It Doesn't - TCP does
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

12. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
UDP
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

13. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

14. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
20 and 8
Dynamic / private

15. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
The source and destination port number
TCP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

16. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
TCP uses flow control
Routers (the subnetting process)

17. Port 8080 is?
TCP
An alternate HTTP port
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

18. What is the default DNS port number?
Data link - physical
The source and destination port number
53
SMTP

19. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Routing table
Destination network - next-hop - metric
IRC
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

20. Port 25 is?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
SMTP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Dynamic / private

21. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Static routing
1
Netstat -r and route print
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

22. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
Unique
49152 - 65535.
It Doesn't - TCP does

23. Port 110 is?
SMTP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
POP3
Routers (the subnetting process)

24. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Connectionless

25. Name the private address blocks
128
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

26. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

27. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Synchronize sequence numbers
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
20 and 8
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

28. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
49152 - 65535.

29. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Web browsing - email - file transfer
SMTP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

30. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
Telnet
1
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

31. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Connectionless
Dynamic / private
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

32. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Window size
TCP
It Doesn't - TCP does

33. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
The source and destination port number
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

34. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
TCP

35. Port 20 is?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Routers (the subnetting process)
FTP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

36. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
TCP
Packet
128
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

37. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
User Datagram Protocol
Data link - physical
53
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

38. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Connectionless
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
IRC
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

39. SYN is?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
It Doesn't - TCP does
The source and destination port number
Synchronize sequence numbers

40. Are well known ports registered
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
IRC

41. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Acknowledgment field significant

42. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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43. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

44. What does segmentation provide to communications?
POP3
128
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

45. In networking terms - What is reliability?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

46. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Web browsing - email - file transfer

47. UDP does or does not create a session?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Does not

48. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
TCP uses flow control

49. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Static routing
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
User Datagram Protocol

50. Port 443 is?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.