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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
TCP
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Telnet

2. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Upper

3. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Routers (the subnetting process)
UDP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

4. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
All

5. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Decapsulation

6. Port 25 is?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
SMTP
Transport
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

7. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Data link - physical

8. What is the port range for Registered ports
Web browsing - email - file transfer
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

9. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Routing table
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

10. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
20 and 8
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Decapsulation

11. SYN is?
49152 - 65535.
128
Synchronize sequence numbers
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

12. ACK is?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
TCP uses flow control
Acknowledgment field significant
FTP

13. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
128
Routers (the subnetting process)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

14. What is a broadcast domain?
Netstat -r and route print
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Decapsulation
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

15. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
FTP
Netstat -r and route print

16. TCP header provides for
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

17. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
TCP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Ephermeral
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

18. Name the private address blocks
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Transport

19. Port 23 is?
Transport
Telnet
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Acknowledgment field significant

20. Which of the following are true about IP?
TCP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Packet
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

21. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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22. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
FTP
FIN
49152 - 65535.

23. Port 443 is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
POP3
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

24. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
Ephermeral
128
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

25. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
53
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Synchronize sequence numbers
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

26. UDP stands for?
Does not
User Datagram Protocol
Routers (the subnetting process)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

27. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
FTP
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

28. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Maximum transmission unit
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

29. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Telnet
Ephermeral
49152 - 65535.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

30. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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31. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Routing table
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

32. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Connectionless
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
1

33. Port 520 is?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
53
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

34. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
User Datagram Protocol
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

35. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
TCP
53
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Connectionless

36. Port 194 is?
IRC
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Destination network - next-hop - metric

37. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Static routing
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

38. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Gateway
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
TCP uses flow control

39. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Telnet
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

40. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
POP3
Telnet

41. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Packet
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

42. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
20 and 8
TCP uses flow control
IRC

43. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
1

44. Which of the following is true about IP?

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45. Port 110 is?
POP3
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Connectionless
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

46. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Static routing
Synchronize sequence numbers
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Does not

47. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Routing table
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
The source and destination port number

48. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
SMTP
Static routing
The source and destination port number

49. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
User Datagram Protocol
Transport
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Routers (the subnetting process)

50. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Data link - physical
Routers (the subnetting process)