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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
FTP
Routers (the subnetting process)
TCP uses flow control
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

2. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Transport
UDP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

3. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Dynamic / private
Packet
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

4. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
It Doesn't - TCP does
Transport
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Dynamic / private

5. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Upper
Connectionless
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

6. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Window size
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Packet
Dynamic / private

7. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
UDP
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Telnet

8. What is the default DNS port number?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
53
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

9. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
49152 - 65535.
Transport

10. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
POP3
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Unique

11. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Packet
Ephermeral
Netstat -r and route print
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

12. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Routers (the subnetting process)
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Upper

13. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
FIN
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
POP3

14. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Unique
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

15. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Static routing
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
UDP
It Doesn't - TCP does

16. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
49152 - 65535.
20 and 8
Destination network - next-hop - metric

17. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Connectionless
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
FIN

18. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Does not
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Dynamic / private

19. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Ephermeral
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

20. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
IRC
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Window size

21. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
TCP
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Routers (the subnetting process)

22. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Acknowledgment field significant
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Ephermeral
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

23. Which of the following are true about IP?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
128
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

24. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
The source and destination port number
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

25. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Gateway
Synchronize sequence numbers
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

26. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Static routing
Dynamic / private
Transport
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

27. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
POP3
Unique
Upper
All

28. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Does not
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

29. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

30. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
SMTP

31. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
POP3
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP uses flow control

32. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
TCP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
User Datagram Protocol

33. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Gateway
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
49152 - 65535.

34. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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35. Port 69 is?
Does not
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Routing table
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

36. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
An alternate HTTP port
Does not
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

37. Name the private address blocks
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

38. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Packet
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
TCP

39. Port 20 is?
49152 - 65535.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
FTP

40. What is the protocol number for UDP?
An alternate HTTP port
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

41. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
128
Dynamic / private

42. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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43. In networking terms - What is reliability?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
49152 - 65535.
FIN
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

44. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Netstat -r and route print
It Doesn't - TCP does
TCP
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

45. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
128
Synchronize sequence numbers
Gateway

46. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
UDP
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Transport

47. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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48. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Synchronize sequence numbers
20 and 8
Connectionless
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

49. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
53
128
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

50. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Maximum transmission unit
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
It Doesn't - TCP does

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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