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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

2. What is the port range for Registered ports
Window size
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

3. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
The source and destination port number
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Netstat -r and route print

4. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Synchronize sequence numbers
53

5. ACK is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Netstat -r and route print
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment field significant

6. Which of the following is true about IP?

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7. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Transport

8. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

9. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Unique
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

10. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Ephermeral
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Gateway

11. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
The source and destination port number
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

12. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Does not

13. In networking terms - What is reliability?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Routing table
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

14. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Ephermeral
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Gateway

15. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Connectionless
User Datagram Protocol

16. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Netstat -r and route print
Decapsulation

17. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Dynamic / private
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
128
Upper

18. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Data link - physical
49152 - 65535.
Decapsulation
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

19. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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20. UDP does or does not create a session?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Does not
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

21. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Acknowledgment field significant
All
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

22. Port 110 is?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
POP3

23. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
53
TCP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

24. What is the default DNS port number?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
53
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

25. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Packet
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

26. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
The source and destination port number
Connectionless
All

27. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

28. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
The source and destination port number
Gateway
Ephermeral
Packet

29. SYN is?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Synchronize sequence numbers
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

30. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
TCP
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

31. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Decapsulation
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

32. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
The source and destination port number
POP3
All
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

33. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
1
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Ephermeral
20 and 8

34. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
UDP
FIN
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

35. Port 25 is?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
128
SMTP
Static routing

36. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
20 and 8
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Netstat -r and route print
Static routing

37. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
UDP
Maximum transmission unit
Destination network - next-hop - metric
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

38. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
User Datagram Protocol
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

39. What is the protocol number for UDP?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
53

40. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Data link - physical
An alternate HTTP port
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

41. Name the private address blocks
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

42. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Does not
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Maximum transmission unit

43. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
SMTP
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Static routing
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

44. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Routers (the subnetting process)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Acknowledgment field significant

45. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

46. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

47. Port 69 is?
It Doesn't - TCP does
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Does not

48. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Packet
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Dynamic / private
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

49. Port 23 is?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Telnet
Data link - physical

50. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
POP3
TCP

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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