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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
POP3
Routers (the subnetting process)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Transport

2. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
POP3
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

3. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
49152 - 65535.
1
The source and destination port number
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

4. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
49152 - 65535.
All
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

5. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

6. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
IRC
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

7. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
TCP uses flow control
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

8. Which of the following are true about IP?
User Datagram Protocol
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Packet
Connectionless

9. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
TCP
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Window size
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

10. What is the protocol number for UDP?
TCP uses flow control
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
FIN

11. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

12. UDP does or does not create a session?
TCP uses flow control
Transport
Decapsulation
Does not

13. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
User Datagram Protocol
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

14. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
1
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
All

15. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Connectionless
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

16. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
1
Window size
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

17. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
UDP
TCP

18. ACK is?
Telnet
Acknowledgment field significant
Does not
Unique

19. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
All
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

20. Port 8080 is?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
POP3
Transport
An alternate HTTP port

21. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Window size
53
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

22. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Telnet
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Window size
An alternate HTTP port

23. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Gateway
Connectionless
49152 - 65535.

24. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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25. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
TCP uses flow control
An alternate HTTP port
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Packet

26. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
An alternate HTTP port
1

27. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
Routers (the subnetting process)
128
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

28. Port 194 is?
IRC
It Doesn't - TCP does
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

29. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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30. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
POP3
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Decapsulation
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

31. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Routing table
The source and destination port number

32. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Data link - physical
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
POP3
SMTP

33. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Connectionless
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

34. Name the private address blocks
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
UDP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

35. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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36. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
TCP
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Synchronize sequence numbers

37. Port 69 is?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Maximum transmission unit
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Data link - physical

38. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Routing table
Packet
Ephermeral
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

39. Port 20 is?
FTP
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
TCP uses flow control
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

40. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Dynamic / private
Netstat -r and route print
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

41. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Packet
It Doesn't - TCP does
20 and 8
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

42. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Packet
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Decapsulation

43. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Static routing
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

44. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
UDP
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
SMTP

45. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Ephermeral
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

46. Port 443 is?
Window size
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Maximum transmission unit
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

47. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
TCP
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
All
Dynamic / private

48. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Does not
Transport
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

49. Ephermeral port is what type of port
The source and destination port number
Dynamic / private
Does not
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

50. Port 520 is?
FTP
Dynamic / private
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)