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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the port range for Registered ports
Upper
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Data link - physical
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

2. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

3. TCP header provides for
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Maximum transmission unit
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

4. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

5. SYN is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Dynamic / private
UDP
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

6. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
1
Packet
Upper
Netstat -r and route print

7. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Gateway

8. Are well known ports registered
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
1
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

9. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Routers (the subnetting process)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

10. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Static routing
Connectionless

11. List three network applications that use UDP
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Window size
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

12. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

13. Name the private address blocks
53
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
POP3

14. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Upper
All
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

15. Port 8080 is?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
An alternate HTTP port
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

16. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
All
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

17. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Acknowledgment field significant
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

18. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
TCP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
IRC
Routing table

19. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
53
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

20. What is a broadcast domain?
Upper
Decapsulation
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Unique

21. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
TCP
User Datagram Protocol
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

22. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
The source and destination port number
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Routing table
Connectionless

23. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Decapsulation
1

24. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
An alternate HTTP port
Ephermeral
Web browsing - email - file transfer

25. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
FTP
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Acknowledgment field significant

26. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
POP3
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Maximum transmission unit
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

27. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

28. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
UDP
TCP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

29. Ephermeral port is what type of port
TCP uses flow control
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Dynamic / private

30. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Transport
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Acknowledgment field significant
Web browsing - email - file transfer

31. What does segmentation provide to communications?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
An alternate HTTP port

32. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

33. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Static routing

34. Port 520 is?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Ephermeral

35. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
Window size
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Transport

36. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Transport
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

37. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Static routing
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

38. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Netstat -r and route print
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
TCP uses flow control

39. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

40. Port 69 is?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

41. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
FIN
IRC

42. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

43. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

44. Which of the following is true about IP?

45. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
TCP
An alternate HTTP port

46. MTU stands for ?
Static routing
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
20 and 8
Maximum transmission unit

47. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Acknowledgment field significant
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

48. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
53
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Maximum transmission unit

49. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
FIN
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

50. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Upper
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use