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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
49152 - 65535.
Does not

2. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Synchronize sequence numbers
49152 - 65535.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

3. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
UDP
Does not
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
49152 - 65535.

4. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Upper
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
FIN

5. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
Routing table
Data link - physical
IRC

6. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

7. What is the port range for well known ports
Maximum transmission unit
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

8. Port 8080 is?
An alternate HTTP port
Connectionless
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
All

9. What is the default DNS port number?
Maximum transmission unit
53
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

10. Port 194 is?
IRC
UDP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

11. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Connectionless
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

12. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

13. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Window size
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
49152 - 65535.

14. ACK is?
Acknowledgment field significant
It Doesn't - TCP does
FTP
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

15. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Data link - physical
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
FIN

16. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
TCP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Connectionless
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

17. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
IRC
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Gateway
All

18. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
SMTP
Routing table
53

19. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Routing table
UDP

20. What is a broadcast domain?
Acknowledgment field significant
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

21. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Routing table
Web browsing - email - file transfer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

22. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
20 and 8

23. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
TCP uses flow control
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

24. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Maximum transmission unit
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Connectionless

25. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Routing table
Unique
Static routing
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

26. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

27. Port 443 is?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

28. Port 20 is?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
FTP
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

29. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Telnet
Gateway
TCP
Routers (the subnetting process)

30. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
53
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Synchronize sequence numbers

31. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
1
Routing table
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

32. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Upper
FIN
Maximum transmission unit

33. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
POP3
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

34. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It Doesn't - TCP does
Dynamic / private

35. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
TCP
Synchronize sequence numbers
Destination network - next-hop - metric
An alternate HTTP port

36. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
SMTP

37. Port 69 is?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

38. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Routers (the subnetting process)
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

39. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
1
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

40. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Dynamic / private
128
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
FTP

41. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

42. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
POP3
20 and 8
Dynamic / private
Telnet

43. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
It Doesn't - TCP does
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

44. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Data link - physical
Unique
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

45. Port 110 is?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
TCP uses flow control
POP3
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

46. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Static routing
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Netstat -r and route print
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

47. SYN is?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Synchronize sequence numbers
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

48. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

49. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Transport
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
128

50. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Connectionless
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p