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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TCP uses flow control
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

2. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Data link - physical
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

3. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
TCP
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Synchronize sequence numbers
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

4. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Connectionless
Routing table

5. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Telnet
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

6. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
FTP
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

7. What is the default DNS port number?
FIN
53
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

8. List three network applications that use UDP
Packet
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Netstat -r and route print

9. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
TCP
49152 - 65535.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

10. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

11. Port 443 is?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Connectionless
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

12. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
128
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Maximum transmission unit
Ephermeral

13. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Acknowledgment field significant
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

14. What does segmentation provide to communications?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
UDP
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

15. Port 20 is?
FTP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Unique
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

16. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

17. TCP header provides for
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
An alternate HTTP port
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
TCP

18. MTU stands for ?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Gateway
Maximum transmission unit

19. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

20. What is the protocol number for UDP?
20 and 8
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

21. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
The source and destination port number
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Packet
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

22. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
53
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Web browsing - email - file transfer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

23. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Unique
Netstat -r and route print
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

24. Why is IP 'media independent'?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
All

25. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
UDP
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

26. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Destination network - next-hop - metric
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Unique

27. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
An alternate HTTP port
TCP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

28. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Netstat -r and route print
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

29. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
1
20 and 8
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

30. Port 194 is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
IRC
Ephermeral
Maximum transmission unit

31. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Synchronize sequence numbers
Connectionless
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

32. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Synchronize sequence numbers
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

33. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Unique
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

34. List three network applications that use TCP
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
1
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

35. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Upper
Does not
Dynamic / private
128

36. Port 25 is?
SMTP
128
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

37. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Does not
UDP
Maximum transmission unit
Window size

38. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
All
Unique
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

39. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Routers (the subnetting process)
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

40. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

41. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
All
It Doesn't - TCP does
Acknowledgment field significant
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

42. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Packet
1
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

43. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
Telnet
TCP
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

44. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
TCP
FTP
1
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

45. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Maximum transmission unit
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

46. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Does not
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

47. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

48. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Does not
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

49. Port 520 is?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Data link - physical
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

50. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Transport
Upper
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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