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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Port 25 is?
SMTP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Ephermeral
Acknowledgment field significant

2. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Dynamic / private
Connectionless

3. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Synchronize sequence numbers
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

4. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
POP3
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

5. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
All
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Does not

6. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Routing table
Window size
FTP
20 and 8

7. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Dynamic / private
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

8. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
FIN
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Telnet
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

9. Name the private address blocks
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
49152 - 65535.
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

10. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Decapsulation
Routers (the subnetting process)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

11. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
An alternate HTTP port
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

12. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Gateway
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
FTP

13. What is the port range for well known ports
Connectionless
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
TCP uses flow control
Routers (the subnetting process)

14. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
IRC
FIN
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

15. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

16. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
User Datagram Protocol
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
20 and 8
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

17. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Routing table
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
1

18. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
All
UDP
Web browsing - email - file transfer

19. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
128
TCP
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

20. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Dynamic / private
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Connectionless
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

21. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
POP3
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
IRC

22. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
TCP
POP3

23. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
TCP uses flow control
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
It Doesn't - TCP does

24. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

25. Port 20 is?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Decapsulation
POP3
FTP

26. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
128
Dynamic / private
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Ephermeral

27. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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28. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

29. ACK is?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Acknowledgment field significant
Decapsulation
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

30. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
UDP
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

31. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

32. Port 443 is?
It Doesn't - TCP does
49152 - 65535.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

33. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
53
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

34. Why is IP 'media independent'?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Routing table
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

35. List three network applications that use UDP
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

36. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
20 and 8
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

37. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Static routing
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

38. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
Netstat -r and route print
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
128
Does not

39. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Connectionless
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

40. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Data link - physical
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
20 and 8
Dynamic / private

41. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
UDP
Routing table
All
Maximum transmission unit

42. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

43. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

44. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
TCP uses flow control
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

45. SYN is?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Static routing
Synchronize sequence numbers
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

46. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Dynamic / private
Destination network - next-hop - metric
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

47. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Does not
Decapsulation
Static routing

48. List three network applications that use TCP
49152 - 65535.
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

49. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
TCP uses flow control
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
53

50. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Unique
Telnet
Data link - physical