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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

2. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
TCP uses flow control
TCP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

3. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Connectionless
49152 - 65535.

4. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Does not
Dynamic / private
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
1

5. Which of the following is true about IP?

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6. Port 23 is?
128
Telnet
An alternate HTTP port
Window size

7. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
1
Static routing
Routing table
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

8. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
TCP
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Ephermeral

9. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Static routing
The source and destination port number
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

10. Port 20 is?
FTP
Gateway
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

11. Port 110 is?
Dynamic / private
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
FTP
POP3

12. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
Unique
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
TCP
1

13. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
53
FIN
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

14. Port 69 is?
20 and 8
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
IRC

15. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Static routing

16. What is the protocol number for UDP?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Routing table
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

17. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Does not
128
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

18. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
IRC
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

19. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
128
Window size
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

20. What is the default DNS port number?
53
Upper
TCP uses flow control
128

21. Port 194 is?
SMTP
Connectionless
IRC
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

22. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

23. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Ephermeral
Gateway
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

24. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

25. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Transport
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
UDP

26. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
UDP
Connectionless

27. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Packet
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

28. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

29. What is the port range for Registered ports
Maximum transmission unit
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

30. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Transport
Maximum transmission unit
Web browsing - email - file transfer

31. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
53
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

32. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
POP3
Synchronize sequence numbers
Data link - physical
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

33. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Data link - physical
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
User Datagram Protocol
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

34. UDP stands for?
20 and 8
Maximum transmission unit
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
User Datagram Protocol

35. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
53
Transport
Acknowledgment field significant

36. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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37. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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38. Port 8080 is?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
20 and 8
An alternate HTTP port
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

39. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Routing table
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
POP3
The source and destination port number

40. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Unique
Synchronize sequence numbers
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

41. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Routers (the subnetting process)
Synchronize sequence numbers
POP3

42. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Gateway
User Datagram Protocol
FIN

43. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
1

44. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
TCP uses flow control
POP3

45. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
53

46. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
1
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

47. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

48. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
The source and destination port number
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

49. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Upper
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
1

50. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #