Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
It Doesn't - TCP does
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Data link - physical
53


2. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network


3. What is the port range for well known ports
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Telnet
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
SMTP


4. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
All
User Datagram Protocol
Static routing


5. Which of the following is true about IP?

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6. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Routing table
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
SMTP


7. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Window size
Unique
20 and 8


8. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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9. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Routers (the subnetting process)
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Acknowledgment field significant


10. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
1
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control


11. Which of the following are true about IP?
Gateway
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
IRC
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.


12. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
TCP
Ephermeral


13. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Unique
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da


14. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Synchronize sequence numbers
TCP
Upper
TCP


15. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
1
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses


16. Port 69 is?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
POP3
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol


17. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
20 and 8
Unique
Acknowledgment field significant
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p


18. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Data link - physical
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Transport
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #


19. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
1


20. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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21. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
128


22. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
Window size
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.


23. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
It Doesn't - TCP does
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.


24. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
All
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th


25. Port 8080 is?
1
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
An alternate HTTP port
Routers (the subnetting process)


26. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
1
Does not
Gateway
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order


27. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
The source and destination port number
Routers (the subnetting process)
Packet


28. What is the default DNS port number?
Connectionless
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
TCP uses flow control
53


29. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Upper
UDP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.


30. ACK is?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
128
Acknowledgment field significant
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets


31. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
POP3


32. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
IRC
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route


33. TCP header provides for
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Upper
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)


34. UDP stands for?
Upper
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
User Datagram Protocol
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer


35. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
TCP uses flow control
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network


36. Port 443 is?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Packet
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route


37. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Routers (the subnetting process)


38. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.


39. List three network applications that use TCP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
IRC
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Synchronize sequence numbers


40. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Packet


41. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
It Doesn't - TCP does
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
TCP uses flow control


42. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Gateway
Ephermeral
Static routing
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)


43. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
UDP
Synchronize sequence numbers
FIN


44. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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45. In networking terms - What is reliability?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
20 and 8
53
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination


46. What is the port range for Registered ports
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order


47. Port 194 is?
FTP
Window size
IRC
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address


48. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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49. Port 520 is?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Upper
Does not


50. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Netstat -r and route print
TCP
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'