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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Routing table
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

2. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Window size
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

3. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
All
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

4. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Decapsulation
Netstat -r and route print
20 and 8
Data link - physical

5. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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6. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Synchronize sequence numbers
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Ephermeral
Does not

7. What is the port range for well known ports
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
1
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

8. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
53
Dynamic / private
UDP

9. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Ephermeral
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Upper

10. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
SMTP

11. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
Transport
TCP uses flow control
53

12. MTU stands for ?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Acknowledgment field significant
Maximum transmission unit
Routers (the subnetting process)

13. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

14. Port 194 is?
SMTP
IRC
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

15. TCP header provides for
FTP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Destination network - next-hop - metric

16. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Destination network - next-hop - metric
TCP
TCP uses flow control

17. Which of the following are true about IP?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Decapsulation
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

18. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
The source and destination port number
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
53

19. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Gateway
Packet
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

20. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Transport
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

21. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routers (the subnetting process)

22. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Packet
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

23. Port 25 is?
SMTP
Static routing
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Transport

24. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Upper
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
FTP
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

25. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
IRC
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

26. ACK is?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Acknowledgment field significant
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

27. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
128
FIN

28. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
Upper
The source and destination port number
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
All

29. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Acknowledgment field significant
SMTP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Routers (the subnetting process)

30. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Transport

31. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Ephermeral
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

32. What is the default DNS port number?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Web browsing - email - file transfer
53
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

33. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Packet

34. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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35. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Unique
It Doesn't - TCP does

36. Port 110 is?
POP3
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

37. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
It Doesn't - TCP does
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

38. Which of the following is true about IP?

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39. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
IRC
Synchronize sequence numbers
Decapsulation

40. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
All
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
FTP

41. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
TCP
FIN

42. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

43. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
FIN
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routing table
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

44. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
FTP
Decapsulation
Packet
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

45. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
FIN
Transport
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

46. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
Packet
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

47. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Does not
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

48. Port 23 is?
Telnet
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Routers (the subnetting process)
All

49. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Netstat -r and route print
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

50. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
UDP
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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