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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which of the following are true about IP?
User Datagram Protocol
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Transport
Acknowledgment field significant

2. What does segmentation provide to communications?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It Doesn't - TCP does

3. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Ephermeral
1

4. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
49152 - 65535.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
53

5. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Netstat -r and route print
1
Does not
FIN

6. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
20 and 8
TCP
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

7. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Maximum transmission unit
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

8. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Netstat -r and route print
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Window size
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

9. Are well known ports registered
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
IRC

10. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Telnet
Connectionless
Packet
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

11. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Routing table
Upper
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

12. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
TCP
Static routing
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

13. SYN is?
Does not
Web browsing - email - file transfer
1
Synchronize sequence numbers

14. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
1
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
53
FTP

15. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
UDP
It Doesn't - TCP does

16. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Data link - physical
User Datagram Protocol

17. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Web browsing - email - file transfer

18. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Does not
TCP
20 and 8
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

19. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
53
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

20. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Data link - physical
Netstat -r and route print

21. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Gateway
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
FTP

22. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Upper
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TCP
Ephermeral

23. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Transport
53

24. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Telnet

25. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
49152 - 65535.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

26. Port 8080 is?
All
An alternate HTTP port
1
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

27. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Acknowledgment field significant
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

28. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Static routing
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

29. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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30. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Telnet
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

31. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
The source and destination port number
Telnet
All

32. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
SMTP
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Upper

33. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
20 and 8
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Does not

34. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
POP3
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Window size
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

35. Port 194 is?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routers (the subnetting process)
IRC
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

36. UDP does or does not create a session?
TCP uses flow control
Does not
Decapsulation
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

37. Port 20 is?
SMTP
FTP
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Telnet

38. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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39. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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40. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

41. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Static routing
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Routing table
1

42. Port 25 is?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
SMTP
Data link - physical

43. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Gateway
All
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

44. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
128
All
53
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

45. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
The source and destination port number
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

46. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Transport
Web browsing - email - file transfer

47. List three network applications that use TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
SMTP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Web browsing - email - file transfer

48. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Synchronize sequence numbers
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

49. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
SMTP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

50. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
128
Data link - physical
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol