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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. Which of the following is true about IP?

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2. Port 23 is?
TCP uses flow control
Telnet
POP3
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

3. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
TCP
Gateway
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

4. List three network applications that use UDP
Connectionless
Ephermeral
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Routers (the subnetting process)

5. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Unique

6. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
SMTP
Telnet
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

7. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment field significant
Routing table
Decapsulation

8. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TCP
1

9. TCP header provides for
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
49152 - 65535.

10. ACK is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Acknowledgment field significant
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

11. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
TCP
Upper
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

12. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Routers (the subnetting process)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

13. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Dynamic / private
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
128

14. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Telnet
Dynamic / private

15. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Dynamic / private
Acknowledgment field significant
TCP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

16. Port 194 is?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
It Doesn't - TCP does
IRC

17. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

18. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Routers (the subnetting process)
Synchronize sequence numbers

19. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Ephermeral

20. What is a broadcast domain?
SMTP
Static routing
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

21. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
SMTP
POP3

22. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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23. What is the default DNS port number?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Unique
53
SMTP

24. Name the private address blocks
128
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Acknowledgment field significant
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

25. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
An alternate HTTP port
Static routing
The source and destination port number
User Datagram Protocol

26. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
20 and 8
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Does not
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

27. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
SMTP
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

28. Port 110 is?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
POP3
Routers (the subnetting process)

29. What is the protocol number for UDP?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
1
Packet
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

30. MTU stands for ?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Telnet
Maximum transmission unit
Acknowledgment field significant

31. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
An alternate HTTP port
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

32. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Netstat -r and route print
Gateway
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

33. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
All
1
TCP
Destination network - next-hop - metric

34. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
20 and 8
Upper

35. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Dynamic / private
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Connectionless
20 and 8

36. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Telnet
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

37. Port 8080 is?
53
An alternate HTTP port
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

38. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Maximum transmission unit

39. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
It Doesn't - TCP does
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

40. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Synchronize sequence numbers
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Data link - physical

41. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

42. Port 25 is?
Window size
Connectionless
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
SMTP

43. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Transport

44. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
The source and destination port number
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

45. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
TCP uses flow control

46. Port 69 is?
Data link - physical
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Window size
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

47. Why is IP 'media independent'?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Routers (the subnetting process)
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

48. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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49. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Routing table
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Connectionless

50. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
IRC
128
Unique
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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