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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
UDP
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

2. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
1
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

3. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

4. What is a broadcast domain?
Does not
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

5. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Web browsing - email - file transfer

6. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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7. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
User Datagram Protocol
Acknowledgment field significant

8. Port 110 is?
Maximum transmission unit
49152 - 65535.
Does not
POP3

9. Port 520 is?
Ephermeral
Connectionless
Web browsing - email - file transfer
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

10. Port 8080 is?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
An alternate HTTP port
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Synchronize sequence numbers

11. UDP does or does not create a session?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Does not
All

12. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Decapsulation
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

13. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Routers (the subnetting process)
The source and destination port number
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Routing table

14. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
SMTP

15. Which of the following are true about IP?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Synchronize sequence numbers
128
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

16. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Ephermeral
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

17. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
All
Unique
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

18. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
The source and destination port number
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

19. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Data link - physical
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
128

20. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
53
Decapsulation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

21. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Packet

22. Port 20 is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
53
FTP

23. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Decapsulation
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Gateway

24. Port 443 is?
20 and 8
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
49152 - 65535.

25. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
1
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
All

26. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
An alternate HTTP port
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
IRC

27. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Upper
Unique
Web browsing - email - file transfer

28. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
Unique
Routing table
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

29. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

30. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
All
It Doesn't - TCP does

31. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Routing table
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

32. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Decapsulation
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

33. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Dynamic / private
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

34. What is the default DNS port number?
Synchronize sequence numbers
53
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

35. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Static routing
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

36. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
All
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

37. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
TCP uses flow control
Maximum transmission unit
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

38. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Upper
Netstat -r and route print
UDP

39. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Acknowledgment field significant
TCP uses flow control
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Data link - physical

40. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
POP3
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

41. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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42. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
20 and 8
Data link - physical
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

43. Name the private address blocks
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Transport
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

44. ACK is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
All
Acknowledgment field significant

45. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TCP uses flow control
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

46. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
An alternate HTTP port
Synchronize sequence numbers
All
Packet

47. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Decapsulation
Dynamic / private
Connectionless
Window size

48. List three network applications that use UDP
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Packet

49. What does segmentation provide to communications?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
TCP
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Telnet

50. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Gateway
Packet
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Synchronize sequence numbers