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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Are well known ports registered
53
FTP
Gateway
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

2. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
FTP
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

3. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Upper
Static routing
Gateway
Connectionless

4. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
128

5. Port 25 is?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
SMTP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Acknowledgment field significant

6. Port 69 is?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
It Doesn't - TCP does
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

7. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Ephermeral
20 and 8
Static routing

8. MTU stands for ?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Netstat -r and route print
IRC
Maximum transmission unit

9. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

10. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Packet
All
Routers (the subnetting process)

11. SYN is?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Synchronize sequence numbers
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The source and destination port number

12. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
49152 - 65535.
TCP

13. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
20 and 8
TCP
Ephermeral
FIN

14. UDP does or does not create a session?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Does not
Synchronize sequence numbers
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

15. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Dynamic / private
Upper
1
Decapsulation

16. List three network applications that use TCP
Ephermeral
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Transport
The source and destination port number

17. Which of the following is true about IP?

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18. What is the port range for well known ports
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

19. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Unique
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Window size

20. Port 443 is?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
128
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

21. In networking terms - What is reliability?
TCP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

22. Why is IP 'media independent'?
The source and destination port number
Maximum transmission unit
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

23. What is the port range for Registered ports
FIN
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer

24. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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25. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Transport
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
49152 - 65535.
TCP

26. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
FTP
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
49152 - 65535.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

27. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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28. Port 8080 is?
An alternate HTTP port
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
It Doesn't - TCP does

29. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
The source and destination port number
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

30. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Window size
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Destination network - next-hop - metric
It Doesn't - TCP does

31. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
All
49152 - 65535.

32. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
User Datagram Protocol
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Transport

33. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Data link - physical
IRC
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

34. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

35. List three network applications that use UDP
Telnet
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
UDP

36. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Does not
Routers (the subnetting process)

37. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Maximum transmission unit
TCP

38. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
IRC
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

39. What is the default DNS port number?
IRC
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
53

40. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
UDP
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Upper

41. What is a broadcast domain?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Upper
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

42. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
TCP uses flow control

43. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
An alternate HTTP port
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Routers (the subnetting process)

44. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
53
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Data link - physical

45. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Routing table
An alternate HTTP port
All
Gateway

46. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Decapsulation
SMTP
UDP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

47. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
IRC

48. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
TCP
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

49. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
FIN
Web browsing - email - file transfer
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

50. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
All
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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