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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
SMTP
Data link - physical
Maximum transmission unit

2. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
TCP uses flow control
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

3. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
20 and 8
Netstat -r and route print
UDP

4. Port 520 is?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Does not
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

5. Are well known ports registered
Packet
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

6. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Window size

7. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
TCP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

8. List three network applications that use UDP
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Upper

9. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
FIN
Unique
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

10. What is the protocol number for UDP?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Destination network - next-hop - metric
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

11. Port 69 is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
User Datagram Protocol

12. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

13. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
FTP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Telnet

14. Port 25 is?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Synchronize sequence numbers
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
SMTP

15. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Routers (the subnetting process)
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

16. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
53
The source and destination port number
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination network - next-hop - metric

17. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Window size
TCP uses flow control

18. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Transport
TCP
TCP uses flow control

19. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
All
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

20. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Maximum transmission unit
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

21. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
128
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

22. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

23. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
User Datagram Protocol
Unique
Gateway

24. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

25. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
POP3

26. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
An alternate HTTP port
1
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Transport

27. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Transport
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

28. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Unique

29. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Routing table
Transport
FIN
Netstat -r and route print

30. What does segmentation provide to communications?
20 and 8
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
53
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

31. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
TCP uses flow control
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
FTP
User Datagram Protocol

32. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

33. UDP does or does not create a session?
It Doesn't - TCP does
Does not
Unique
Data link - physical

34. SYN is?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Synchronize sequence numbers
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

35. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Unique
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

36. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Gateway
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

37. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Connectionless
FIN

38. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Synchronize sequence numbers
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP uses flow control

39. Which of the following is true about IP?

40. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Telnet
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Transport

41. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

42. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

43. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

44. Port 23 is?
Telnet
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

45. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Routers (the subnetting process)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Decapsulation
IRC

46. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Acknowledgment field significant
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

47. ACK is?
Maximum transmission unit
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment field significant
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

48. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
It Doesn't - TCP does
Does not
Ephermeral

49. UDP stands for?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Routers (the subnetting process)
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
User Datagram Protocol

50. TCP header provides for
Decapsulation
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control