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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
Netstat -r and route print
Gateway
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

2. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Netstat -r and route print
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Decapsulation
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

3. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Ephermeral
FIN

4. TCP header provides for
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
An alternate HTTP port
Telnet

5. Port 23 is?
Telnet
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Dynamic / private
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

6. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

7. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
The source and destination port number
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

8. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
IRC
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Ephermeral
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

9. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Connectionless
Routers (the subnetting process)
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Upper

10. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
TCP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

11. Name the private address blocks
It Doesn't - TCP does
TCP uses flow control
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

12. UDP stands for?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
User Datagram Protocol

13. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Routers (the subnetting process)
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

14. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Ephermeral
Upper
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

15. In networking terms - What is reliability?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
User Datagram Protocol
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
49152 - 65535.

16. Port 8080 is?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
An alternate HTTP port
Routers (the subnetting process)

17. Port 20 is?
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
FTP
49152 - 65535.
FIN

18. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Gateway
TCP uses flow control
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

19. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

20. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
49152 - 65535.
Decapsulation
Upper
Acknowledgment field significant

21. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1
Connectionless
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Dynamic / private

22. What is the port range for Registered ports
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Connectionless

23. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
The source and destination port number
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

24. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
POP3
It Doesn't - TCP does

25. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Netstat -r and route print
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
49152 - 65535.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

26. Port 520 is?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

27. ACK is?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Acknowledgment field significant

28. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Dynamic / private
UDP
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

29. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Web browsing - email - file transfer
The source and destination port number
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Routing table

30. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
20 and 8

31. What is the port range for well known ports
Maximum transmission unit
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

32. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

33. Port 443 is?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Routers (the subnetting process)
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Netstat -r and route print

34. What is the protocol number for UDP?
An alternate HTTP port
Routers (the subnetting process)
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

35. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
POP3
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

36. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Static routing
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
The source and destination port number
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

37. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
FIN

38. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
TCP uses flow control
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
128
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

39. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

40. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
TCP
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

41. List three network applications that use TCP
Does not
Web browsing - email - file transfer
The source and destination port number
Window size

42. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Does not

43. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Gateway
Upper

44. Port 69 is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
The source and destination port number

45. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
FIN
Routers (the subnetting process)

46. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

47. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

48. Which of the following is true about IP?

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49. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

50. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Static routing
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address