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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

2. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
IRC
SMTP
Gateway
Routers (the subnetting process)

3. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
An alternate HTTP port

4. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
1
Static routing
FTP

5. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
128
Does not
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

6. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Routing table
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
FTP
Connectionless

7. What is the default DNS port number?
It Doesn't - TCP does
53
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

8. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
FTP
1
Does not

9. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Data link - physical
IRC

10. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Synchronize sequence numbers

11. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Ephermeral
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Dynamic / private
Routers (the subnetting process)

12. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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13. Port 194 is?
Transport
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
IRC
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

14. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Unique
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Static routing

15. Port 110 is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Does not
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
POP3

16. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
128
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

17. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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18. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Routing table
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
TCP uses flow control

19. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Gateway
Unique
53

20. Port 443 is?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Maximum transmission unit
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

21. What is the port range for Registered ports
FIN
IRC
TCP
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

22. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
TCP uses flow control
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The source and destination port number

23. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
User Datagram Protocol
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

24. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
POP3
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
User Datagram Protocol
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

25. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
TCP
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Does not

26. In networking terms - What is reliability?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

27. TCP header provides for
Transport
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
POP3
Decapsulation

28. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Synchronize sequence numbers
Routers (the subnetting process)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

29. Port 23 is?
Telnet
Maximum transmission unit
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Web browsing - email - file transfer

30. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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31. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Packet

32. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Dynamic / private
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

33. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Data link - physical
TCP

34. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
49152 - 65535.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
128

35. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
SMTP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

36. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Does not
Data link - physical
20 and 8
It Doesn't - TCP does

37. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
It Doesn't - TCP does
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN

38. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routers (the subnetting process)
Transport
All

39. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Transport

40. MTU stands for ?
53
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
User Datagram Protocol
Maximum transmission unit

41. ACK is?
Acknowledgment field significant
Static routing
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
128

42. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Destination network - next-hop - metric
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

43. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
20 and 8
Synchronize sequence numbers

44. SYN is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
All
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

45. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Unique
The source and destination port number
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
TCP

46. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
FTP

47. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Routing table

48. What is the port range for well known ports
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
53
Routing table

49. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
53
Decapsulation

50. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
128