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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
An alternate HTTP port
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

2. In networking terms - What is reliability?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Synchronize sequence numbers

3. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Ephermeral
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
An alternate HTTP port

4. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Acknowledgment field significant
49152 - 65535.
The source and destination port number
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

5. What is the port range for Registered ports
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
1
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Window size

6. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
TCP uses flow control
Ephermeral
128
Routers (the subnetting process)

7. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
Window size
Static routing
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

8. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
POP3
Telnet
1
Packet

9. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

10. TCP header provides for
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Transport
1
FTP

11. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

12. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
UDP
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Upper

13. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Packet
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

14. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Netstat -r and route print
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Acknowledgment field significant

15. Port 194 is?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
UDP
IRC

16. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Unique
Packet
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

17. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Static routing
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

18. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
FIN
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

19. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
SMTP
20 and 8
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Unique

20. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
POP3
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

21. MTU stands for ?
TCP uses flow control
Maximum transmission unit
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

22. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Data link - physical
FTP
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

23. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

24. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
IRC
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Connectionless
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

25. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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26. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
FIN
All
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

27. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Synchronize sequence numbers
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

28. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Packet
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

29. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
TCP
20 and 8
FIN

30. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
POP3

31. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
1
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

32. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
POP3
20 and 8
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

33. What is the default DNS port number?
Acknowledgment field significant
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
53

34. Port 25 is?
SMTP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Connectionless

35. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
All
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

36. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
The source and destination port number
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

37. Port 23 is?
Telnet
SMTP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

38. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Transport
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Gateway
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

39. Port 443 is?
POP3
Data link - physical
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

40. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

41. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
TCP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

42. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Transport
49152 - 65535.
20 and 8
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

43. What is a broadcast domain?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination network - next-hop - metric
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

44. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
It Doesn't - TCP does
Static routing
Synchronize sequence numbers
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

45. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

46. Port 69 is?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Routers (the subnetting process)

47. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

48. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
All
Acknowledgment field significant
TCP

49. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
128
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

50. UDP does or does not create a session?
Maximum transmission unit
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Does not
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.