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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Does not
Netstat -r and route print
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

2. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
User Datagram Protocol
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
The source and destination port number

3. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Static routing
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

4. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Gateway
TCP
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

5. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

6. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Packet
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Unique

7. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Static routing

8. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Decapsulation
TCP

9. Port 443 is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
TCP
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

10. Port 69 is?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

11. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
Telnet
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

12. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Static routing

13. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
It Doesn't - TCP does
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Gateway

14. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

15. Which of the following is true about IP?

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16. Port 520 is?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Netstat -r and route print
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

17. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Acknowledgment field significant
Routers (the subnetting process)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

18. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
IRC
Netstat -r and route print
Window size
Connectionless

19. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
Static routing
Routing table
Synchronize sequence numbers

20. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Connectionless
Routers (the subnetting process)

21. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Gateway
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

22. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Maximum transmission unit
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Data link - physical
Acknowledgment field significant

23. List three network applications that use TCP
IRC
Telnet
Web browsing - email - file transfer
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

24. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Telnet
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Netstat -r and route print
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

25. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Upper
128
Synchronize sequence numbers
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

26. Port 8080 is?
Packet
128
An alternate HTTP port
The source and destination port number

27. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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28. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Netstat -r and route print
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

29. Port 110 is?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Decapsulation
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
POP3

30. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Acknowledgment field significant
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routers (the subnetting process)

31. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
128
TCP

32. UDP does or does not create a session?
Does not
TCP
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

33. Port 20 is?
Window size
53
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
FTP

34. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Routers (the subnetting process)
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

35. Port 23 is?
Upper
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
FIN
Telnet

36. Port 194 is?
TCP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
IRC

37. ACK is?
128
Decapsulation
POP3
Acknowledgment field significant

38. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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39. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Synchronize sequence numbers
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

40. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
An alternate HTTP port
Telnet
Transport
The source and destination port number

41. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

42. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Routers (the subnetting process)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

43. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Packet

44. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
The source and destination port number
Routers (the subnetting process)

45. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
POP3
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Unique

46. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Routing table
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

47. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
53
The source and destination port number
Decapsulation

48. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Decapsulation
TCP

49. Name the private address blocks
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
POP3
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

50. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Ephermeral
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
UDP