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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Transport
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
All

2. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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3. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
All
Dynamic / private
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

4. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
An alternate HTTP port
Routers (the subnetting process)
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

5. Port 520 is?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

6. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

7. List three network applications that use UDP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
53
Connectionless

8. What is the port range for well known ports
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
FTP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

9. What is the port range for Registered ports
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Routing table
Dynamic / private

10. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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11. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
UDP
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

12. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Routers (the subnetting process)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

13. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
An alternate HTTP port
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Ephermeral
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

14. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Dynamic / private
TCP
Packet
Connectionless

15. Port 194 is?
53
FIN
IRC
1

16. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Telnet
POP3

17. What does segmentation provide to communications?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Routers (the subnetting process)
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
FIN

18. Port 25 is?
An alternate HTTP port
SMTP
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

19. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
128

20. Port 20 is?
FIN
FTP
Gateway
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

21. Port 8080 is?
An alternate HTTP port
Telnet
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

22. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
20 and 8
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

23. Why is IP 'media independent'?
UDP
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Does not
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

24. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Routers (the subnetting process)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

25. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Dynamic / private
Netstat -r and route print
Synchronize sequence numbers
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

26. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Netstat -r and route print
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

27. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
It Doesn't - TCP does
Maximum transmission unit

28. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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29. Port 110 is?
Acknowledgment field significant
Packet
Gateway
POP3

30. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
All
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Telnet

31. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
IRC
It Doesn't - TCP does
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

32. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Synchronize sequence numbers
Gateway
TCP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

33. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Packet
49152 - 65535.
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

34. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Decapsulation
User Datagram Protocol
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

35. UDP does or does not create a session?
Upper
Does not
It Doesn't - TCP does
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

36. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
FIN
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

37. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
FTP
53
Gateway
Data link - physical

38. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
TCP uses flow control
20 and 8
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Web browsing - email - file transfer

39. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Upper
Routers (the subnetting process)
Acknowledgment field significant

40. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
The source and destination port number
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Maximum transmission unit

41. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Packet
TCP uses flow control
Upper
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

42. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Telnet
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

43. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Acknowledgment field significant
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

44. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Netstat -r and route print
Static routing

45. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Decapsulation
User Datagram Protocol
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
20 and 8

46. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
The source and destination port number
Routers (the subnetting process)
Does not

47. What is the default DNS port number?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
128
53
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

48. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
An alternate HTTP port
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
TCP

49. Port 23 is?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Telnet
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

50. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Decapsulation

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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