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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Upper
Packet
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Routing table

2. What is the protocol number for UDP?
UDP
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

3. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Data link - physical
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

4. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
20 and 8
49152 - 65535.
Ephermeral
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

5. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
128
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Routing table
Window size

6. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Gateway
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

7. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

8. Port 20 is?
Transport
Decapsulation
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
FTP

9. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

10. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Packet
20 and 8
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Dynamic / private

11. Port 520 is?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Gateway

12. MTU stands for ?
Maximum transmission unit
Connectionless
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

13. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
User Datagram Protocol
Static routing
Destination network - next-hop - metric
SMTP

14. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
User Datagram Protocol

15. Port 110 is?
POP3
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

16. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Unique
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

17. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Packet
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

18. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Maximum transmission unit
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

19. Port 25 is?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
SMTP
Web browsing - email - file transfer

20. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
53
Synchronize sequence numbers

21. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

22. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
49152 - 65535.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

23. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Does not
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

24. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
IRC
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Packet

25. What is the default DNS port number?
Dynamic / private
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
53
Telnet

26. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Ephermeral
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

27. Port 8080 is?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
An alternate HTTP port
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

28. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Window size
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

29. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
FTP
All
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

30. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Dynamic / private
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Upper

31. What is the port range for well known ports
Dynamic / private
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

32. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

33. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
TCP
An alternate HTTP port
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
1

34. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Upper

35. Port 443 is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Gateway
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

36. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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37. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Window size
Connectionless
The source and destination port number
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

38. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
128
Packet
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

39. What is the port range for Registered ports
An alternate HTTP port
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

40. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

41. List three network applications that use TCP
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
49152 - 65535.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

42. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Gateway
The source and destination port number
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
SMTP

43. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol

44. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Does not
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

45. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
All
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Window size

46. ACK is?
Acknowledgment field significant
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
FIN

47. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Synchronize sequence numbers
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
49152 - 65535.

48. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
20 and 8
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Routers (the subnetting process)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

49. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Unique

50. Are well known ports registered
49152 - 65535.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
SMTP
TCP