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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

2. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
53
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

3. Port 443 is?
TCP uses flow control
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

4. TCP header provides for
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Synchronize sequence numbers
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

5. UDP stands for?
TCP
User Datagram Protocol
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

6. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Gateway
Connectionless
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

7. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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8. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Data link - physical
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Dynamic / private
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

9. What is the default DNS port number?
Unique
53
20 and 8
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

10. What does segmentation provide to communications?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Web browsing - email - file transfer

11. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Telnet
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

12. SYN is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
FTP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

13. Port 110 is?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
POP3
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport

14. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Static routing
FIN
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

15. Which of the following is true about IP?

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16. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
All
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Static routing
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

17. Port 20 is?
Window size
FTP
Static routing
FIN

18. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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19. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
TCP uses flow control
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
TCP

20. Name the private address blocks
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Decapsulation
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
User Datagram Protocol

21. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
SMTP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Routing table
Window size

22. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
It Doesn't - TCP does
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

23. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
TCP
Ephermeral
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Acknowledgment field significant

24. UDP does or does not create a session?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Does not
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

25. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
20 and 8
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Packet

26. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
128
Gateway
The source and destination port number
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

27. Port 8080 is?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
An alternate HTTP port
Connectionless
FIN

28. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

29. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Dynamic / private
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
128

30. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
SMTP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

31. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Transport
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

32. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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33. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
FIN
1
Static routing
IRC

34. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
1

35. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Unique
UDP
It Doesn't - TCP does

36. What is the port range for well known ports
Static routing
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

37. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Routing table
49152 - 65535.
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

38. What is the protocol number for UDP?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Transport
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

39. What is the port range for Registered ports
It Doesn't - TCP does
Packet
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
FIN

40. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Does not

41. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Maximum transmission unit
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

42. Port 23 is?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Telnet
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

43. Port 194 is?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
IRC
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
53

44. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Does not
UDP
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

45. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
Acknowledgment field significant
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

46. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Decapsulation
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

47. Port 520 is?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

48. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

49. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
TCP
UDP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

50. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination network - next-hop - metric
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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