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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the default DNS port number?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Routers (the subnetting process)
53

2. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Netstat -r and route print
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
TCP

3. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
User Datagram Protocol

4. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
POP3

5. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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6. Port 25 is?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
POP3
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
SMTP

7. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Maximum transmission unit
Static routing
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

8. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TCP uses flow control

9. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Window size

10. Port 23 is?
Maximum transmission unit
TCP
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Telnet

11. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
The source and destination port number
Connectionless

12. Port 194 is?
IRC
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
128
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

13. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
Telnet
Packet
Data link - physical
SMTP

14. What is the port range for Registered ports
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Synchronize sequence numbers
TCP uses flow control

15. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
POP3
Packet
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

16. List three network applications that use TCP
TCP uses flow control
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Web browsing - email - file transfer
An alternate HTTP port

17. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Transport
Netstat -r and route print
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

18. UDP stands for?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
User Datagram Protocol
Packet

19. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Window size
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
20 and 8
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

20. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Transport
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Synchronize sequence numbers

21. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
The source and destination port number
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

22. What does segmentation provide to communications?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Does not
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

23. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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24. Port 110 is?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
POP3

25. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Maximum transmission unit
Connectionless
Routers (the subnetting process)
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

26. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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27. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Transport
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Web browsing - email - file transfer

28. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Transport

29. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
53
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

30. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Netstat -r and route print
TCP
Packet
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

31. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
All
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

32. Port 520 is?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Routing table
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

33. Name the private address blocks
Maximum transmission unit
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Ephermeral
POP3

34. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Decapsulation
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

35. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

36. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Ephermeral
User Datagram Protocol
Static routing
TCP uses flow control

37. TCP header provides for
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Unique
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
POP3

38. ACK is?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
User Datagram Protocol
Acknowledgment field significant
49152 - 65535.

39. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
1
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

40. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
Upper
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
TCP

41. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Dynamic / private
Destination network - next-hop - metric

42. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Ephermeral
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
IRC
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

43. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Web browsing - email - file transfer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Maximum transmission unit

44. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
128
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Transport
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

45. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Decapsulation
Data link - physical
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

46. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
TCP uses flow control
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
An alternate HTTP port
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

47. UDP does or does not create a session?
Routing table
TCP uses flow control
Does not
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

48. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
TCP
Upper
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

49. List three network applications that use UDP
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

50. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Packet
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th