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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Maximum transmission unit
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

2. MTU stands for ?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
TCP
Maximum transmission unit

3. What is a broadcast domain?
Acknowledgment field significant
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Web browsing - email - file transfer
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

4. SYN is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Netstat -r and route print

5. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Does not
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
1

6. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
49152 - 65535.
Data link - physical
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

7. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Synchronize sequence numbers
Telnet
Web browsing - email - file transfer

8. Which of the following is true about IP?

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9. What is the protocol number for UDP?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
49152 - 65535.

10. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
49152 - 65535.
Maximum transmission unit
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

11. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Routers (the subnetting process)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

12. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
UDP

13. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
TCP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Does not

14. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Gateway
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

15. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
FIN
Decapsulation
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

16. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
20 and 8
Dynamic / private
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
TCP uses flow control

17. Name the private address blocks
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
UDP
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

18. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Does not
Synchronize sequence numbers
Connectionless
TCP

19. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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20. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
All
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
TCP
Acknowledgment field significant

21. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Routers (the subnetting process)
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
The source and destination port number

22. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Unique
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

23. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Acknowledgment field significant
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
128

24. UDP stands for?
Dynamic / private
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Maximum transmission unit
User Datagram Protocol

25. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

26. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Maximum transmission unit
The source and destination port number
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

27. Port 443 is?
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
All

28. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Ephermeral
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

29. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Acknowledgment field significant
All
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

30. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Dynamic / private
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

31. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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32. ACK is?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
SMTP
Acknowledgment field significant
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

33. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Static routing
Synchronize sequence numbers
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It Doesn't - TCP does

34. List three network applications that use TCP
SMTP
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Web browsing - email - file transfer

35. Port 194 is?
IRC
53
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

36. Port 20 is?
POP3
FTP
Netstat -r and route print
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

37. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Routers (the subnetting process)

38. What is the default DNS port number?
Acknowledgment field significant
Routers (the subnetting process)
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
53

39. Port 520 is?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
An alternate HTTP port
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

40. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Transport
Unique
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

41. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
TCP
UDP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

42. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

43. Port 25 is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
SMTP
TCP

44. Are well known ports registered
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer

45. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

46. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
Ephermeral
Static routing
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

47. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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48. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
Window size
Destination network - next-hop - metric
20 and 8
Packet

49. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Gateway
Acknowledgment field significant
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

50. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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