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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the protocol number for UDP?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)

2. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Maximum transmission unit
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Gateway

3. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
53
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

4. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
Does not
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
IRC

5. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Synchronize sequence numbers
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

6. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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7. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Acknowledgment field significant
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

8. Name the private address blocks
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

9. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
An alternate HTTP port
20 and 8
TCP uses flow control

10. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Routers (the subnetting process)

11. Which of the following are true about IP?
20 and 8
Packet
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

12. Port 23 is?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Unique
Telnet
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

13. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Transport

14. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Upper
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Maximum transmission unit

15. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TCP uses flow control
Destination network - next-hop - metric

16. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
IRC
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

17. Dynamic ports fall into what category of port
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Ephermeral

18. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Transport
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Ephermeral

19. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Transport
POP3
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
TCP

20. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP
UDP

21. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Gateway
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

22. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Routers (the subnetting process)
128
Telnet
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

23. Port 110 is?
IRC
Packet
POP3
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

24. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Acknowledgment field significant
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

25. Port 25 is?
SMTP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
The source and destination port number
128

26. Port 69 is?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Dynamic / private
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

27. ACK is?
Acknowledgment field significant
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
TCP

28. Why is IP 'media independent'?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
20 and 8
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

29. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Netstat -r and route print
Connectionless
TCP
Decapsulation

30. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
All
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

31. List three network applications that use TCP
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Packet
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Does not

32. What is the default DNS port number?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
53
Unique

33. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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34. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Dynamic / private
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Acknowledgment field significant
Netstat -r and route print

35. List three network applications that use UDP
IRC
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

36. UDP does or does not create a session?
Netstat -r and route print
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Does not

37. In networking terms - What is reliability?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

38. MTU stands for ?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Acknowledgment field significant
Maximum transmission unit
SMTP

39. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
POP3
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

40. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Unique

41. Port 194 is?
IRC
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
The source and destination port number
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #

42. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

43. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
FIN
UDP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Destination network - next-hop - metric

44. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Maximum transmission unit
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
It Doesn't - TCP does

45. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Decapsulation
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
20 and 8
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

46. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
FIN
IRC
POP3

47. Port 443 is?
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Transport
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

48. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Synchronize sequence numbers

49. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
FIN
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination

50. What is the port range for Registered ports
Window size
Acknowledgment field significant
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction