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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Port 520 is?
Packet
UDP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

2. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

3. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Transport

4. Port 8080 is?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
An alternate HTTP port
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

5. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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6. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
All
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

7. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Routing table
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
User Datagram Protocol

8. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

9. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
All
Window size
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

10. List three network applications that use UDP
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

11. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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12. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
An alternate HTTP port
49152 - 65535.
SMTP
POP3

13. What is the port range for Registered ports
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

14. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Destination network - next-hop - metric
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Does not
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

15. MSN messenger uses TCP or UDP?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
FTP
TCP

16. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
53
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Packet
128

17. Port 194 is?
IRC
Does not
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Transport

18. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Does not
The source and destination port number
Static routing
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

19. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
FIN
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
49152 - 65535.

20. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Dynamic / private
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Synchronize sequence numbers

21. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

22. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
20 and 8

23. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Telnet
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

24. Port 20 is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
1
FTP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

25. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Routers (the subnetting process)
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TCP

26. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Ephermeral
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

27. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
TCP
User Datagram Protocol

28. Port 110 is?
POP3
1
Connectionless
Netstat -r and route print

29. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
Transport
20 and 8
Destination network - next-hop - metric
TCP

30. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
Synchronize sequence numbers
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TCP

31. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
An alternate HTTP port
Window size
Gateway
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

32. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Window size
UDP
FIN

33. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Destination network - next-hop - metric
TCP uses flow control
Upper

34. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Gateway

35. In networking terms - What is reliability?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

36. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Netstat -r and route print
128
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

37. Why is IP 'media independent'?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
1
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Unique

38. For a network layer packet to travel between hosts - it must be handed down to the _________________ layer - for another layer of encapsulation called framing - and then encoded and put onto the ____________ layer to be sent to the next router.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Data link - physical
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Decapsulation

39. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
UDP
Packet
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

40. What is a broadcast domain?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
49152 - 65535.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

41. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Decapsulation
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Connectionless

42. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Dynamic / private
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Routers (the subnetting process)

43. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
49152 - 65535.
Decapsulation
Telnet
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

44. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

45. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

46. Which of the following are true about IP?
Telnet
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

47. What is the default DNS port number?
53
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

48. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Window size

49. Are well known ports registered
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

50. Port 23 is?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
49152 - 65535.
Telnet
20 and 8