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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Telnet
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

2. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Upper
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

3. Ephermeral port is what type of port
The source and destination port number
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
Dynamic / private
20 and 8

4. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Does not
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Upper

5. What is a broadcast domain?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
IRC
Does not
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

6. Port 69 is?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Decapsulation
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

7. Port 520 is?
Ephermeral
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Telnet

8. Name the private address blocks
20 and 8
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Connectionless

9. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
20 and 8
Static routing
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

10. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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11. SYN is?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
IRC
FIN
Synchronize sequence numbers

12. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
Static routing
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
All

13. Port 20 is?
FTP
Dynamic / private
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
1

14. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Destination network - next-hop - metric
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer

15. Port 110 is?
POP3
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent

16. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Netstat -r and route print
49152 - 65535.
Maximum transmission unit

17. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Routers (the subnetting process)
TCP uses flow control
User Datagram Protocol
All

18. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
Netstat -r and route print
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

19. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
SMTP
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
128

20. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The source and destination port number
Dynamic / private
An alternate HTTP port

21. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
UDP
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

22. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

23. UDP stands for?
User Datagram Protocol
Does not
1
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

24. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
53
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

25. End systems use port numbers to select the proper application. What is the lowest port number that can be dynamically assigned by the host system? 1 - 128 - 256 or 1024?
Unique
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Maximum transmission unit
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation

26. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Routers (the subnetting process)
Transport
Telnet
Packet

27. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

28. What is the default DNS port number?
Static routing
53
TCP
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

29. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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30. Are well known ports registered
Upper
20 and 8
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Unique

31. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Data link - physical
Static routing
An alternate HTTP port

32. Port 25 is?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
SMTP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
49152 - 65535.

33. What is the port range for Registered ports
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
53
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

34. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
User Datagram Protocol
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Packet
Dynamic / private

35. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

36. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

37. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Window size
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
All
Transport

38. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
FIN
Gateway
Netstat -r and route print

39. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
It Doesn't - TCP does
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously

40. What is the proper order of FIN sequence?
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

41. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

42. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
POP3
FIN
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

43. MTU stands for ?
Maximum transmission unit
All
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Connectionless

44. UDP does or does not create a session?
Upper
Decapsulation
Does not
Connectionless

45. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
53
Routing table

46. Port 194 is?
Telnet
IRC
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
Routing table

47. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
1
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Routing table
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

48. ACK is?
Acknowledgment field significant
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

49. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
1
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
POP3

50. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Transport
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
49152 - 65535.
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)