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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
TCP
53
Netstat -r and route print
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

2. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Does not
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Decapsulation

3. What is the port range for well known ports
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Netstat -r and route print
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

4. Port 25 is?
The source and destination port number
FTP
SMTP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

5. What is contained in the header of each segment or datagram?
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
The source and destination port number
Packet

6. Why does TCP use a sequence number in the header?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Static routing
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Telnet

7. Port 20 is?
IRC
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
An alternate HTTP port
FTP

8. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Gateway
Ephermeral
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

9. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Decapsulation
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Maximum transmission unit
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

10. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
FTP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
TCP

11. What is the default DNS port number?
Does not
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Gateway
53

12. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
All
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Web browsing - email - file transfer

13. What is a broadcast domain?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

14. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Routers (the subnetting process)

15. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
128
TCP uses flow control

16. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Maximum transmission unit
Connectionless
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

17. What information does a router need to successfully forward packets?
Decapsulation
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route

18. List three network applications that use TCP
Web browsing - email - file transfer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Window size
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

19. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
POP3
FTP
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
FIN

20. Which of the following is true about IP?

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21. The value of the ACK number field is equal to the client ISN plus ___________ (number)?
1
TCP
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Destination network - next-hop - metric

22. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Unique
Routing table
User Datagram Protocol
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

23. In networking terms - What is reliability?
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

24. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
Telnet
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
It Doesn't - TCP does
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses

25. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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26. What is the purpose of the ToS field in the IPv4 header?
IRC
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network

27. ACK is?
An alternate HTTP port
Acknowledgment field significant
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
UDP

28. SYN is?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Decapsulation

29. List three network applications that use UDP
An alternate HTTP port
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Destination network - next-hop - metric
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

30. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Connectionless
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

31. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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32. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Unique
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Netstat -r and route print
Acknowledgment field significant

33. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Does not
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

34. Name the private address blocks
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

35. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
Upper
Routers (the subnetting process)

36. What does segmentation provide to communications?
Acknowledgment field significant
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
The source and destination port number

37. UDP does or does not create a session?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Does not

38. Port 23 is?
Telnet
Routing table
TCP uses flow control
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

39. Why is IP 'media independent'?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Static routing
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

40. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

41. Port 443 is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
IRC
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

42. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
UDP
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
FIN

43. What is the proper order of SYN sequence?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
128

44. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
Window size
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
SMTP

45. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Netstat -r and route print
IRC
49152 - 65535.

46. Port 69 is?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Static routing

47. Are well known ports registered
20 and 8
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.

48. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
49152 - 65535.
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Window size

49. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

50. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
The source and destination port number

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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