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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Decapsulation
Telnet
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.

2. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Window size
Connectionless
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

3. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
Connectionless
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Ephermeral
53

4. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
1
Upper
Packet
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

5. Are well known ports registered
The source and destination port number
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
20 and 8

6. What is the port range for Registered ports
128
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
1

7. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Upper
The source and destination port number
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

8. What is the port range for well known ports
128
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Destination network - next-hop - metric

9. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Unique
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

10. Pieces of information about a route that a routing table contains
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Synchronize sequence numbers
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

11. TCP header provides for
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
Static routing

12. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Decapsulation
Upper
All
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

13. What is the port range for dynamic or private ports
Gateway
49152 - 65535.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol

14. When the client end of the session has no more data to transfer - it sets the ___________ flag in the header of the segment? (Hint: three-letter acronym)
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Ephermeral
FIN
TCP

15. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
UDP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

16. Which is a connection-oriented protocol - TCP or UDP?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
UDP
TCP
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

17. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
TCP uses flow control
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
POP3
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

18. What is the default DNS port number?
An alternate HTTP port
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
53

19. SYN is?
An alternate HTTP port
Synchronize sequence numbers
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction

20. How many bytes of overhead do TCP segments carry? How many does UDP carry?
UDP
FIN
20 and 8
Packet

21. Which protocol provides connectionless network layer services? IP - TCP - UDB or OSI?
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
53
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Acknowledgment field significant

22. Port 8080 is?
It works the same on all Layer 1 media
An alternate HTTP port
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Telnet

23. ACK is?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Acknowledgment field significant

24. Which of the following is true about IP?

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25. Ephermeral port is what type of port
Routers (the subnetting process)
Dynamic / private
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Transport

26. List three network applications that use UDP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
49152 - 65535.
IRC
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.

27. Port 443 is?
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
The source and destination port number
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

28. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Routers (the subnetting process)
TCP uses flow control
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Data link - physical

29. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
Decapsulation
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Transport
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

30. Which characteristics are part of TCP? Pick two: Reliable - connectionless - no flow control - resends anything not received?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

31. How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
It Doesn't - TCP does
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address

32. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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33. Which of the following are true about IP?
Segmentation provides the means to send and receive data when running multiple applications concurrently on a computer
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
It works the same on all Layer 1 media

34. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Static routing
TCP
Destination network - next-hop - metric
Decapsulation

35. Port 69 is?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da

36. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Ephermeral
TCP
Packet
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)

37. UDP does or does not create a session?
Synchronize sequence numbers
Acknowledgment field significant
Does not
53

38. Port 25 is?
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
SMTP
FIN

39. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
FIN
Ephermeral
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts

40. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
It means ensuring that each segment that the source sends arrives at the destination
Upper
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'

41. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
Connectionless
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Upper

42. The three-way handshake performs what three functions?
Acknowledgment field significant
128
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
Upper

43. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Connectionless
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Decapsulation

44. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Maximum transmission unit
Static routing

45. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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46. MTU stands for ?
Maximum transmission unit
Upper
Gateway
Web browsing - email - file transfer

47. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Gateway
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

48. What two commands can be used to view a host's routing table?
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Netstat -r and route print

49. Port 20 is?
128
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.
FTP
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

50. Which is a connectionless protocol - UDP or TCP?
UDP
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Routing table

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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

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