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Cisco Network Fundamentals - 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three basic characteristics of IPv4?
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Connectionless
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.

2. Which of the following are true about IP?
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Packet
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

3. What is the purpose of TCP/UDP port numbers?
Does not
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

4. If a router needs to send a packet but doesn't know the next hop or destination network - what can it do?
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets
An alternate HTTP port
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use

5. List three network applications that use UDP
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
TCP
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

6. An example of a communication that sends a letter to someone without notifying the recipient in advance is called?
SMTP
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network
Acknowledgment field significant
Connectionless

7. Which of the following are true about network layer encapsulation?
Routers (the subnetting process)
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Netstat -r and route print

8. Port 443 is?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
SMTP
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)

9. What is the purpose of sequence numbers?
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Transport
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

10. Determines how much data a sending host running TCP/IP can transmit before it must receive an acknowledgment
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)
The source and destination port number
Window size
TCP uses flow control

11. Routes to remote networks with the associated next-hops can be manually configured on the router. What is the same for this type of routing?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Dynamic / private
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Static routing

12. During data transfer - What is the receiving host responsible for?
Transport
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
Destination network - next-hop - metric

13. Port 23 is?
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Dynamic / private
Telnet

14. On a particular network how would you determine the default gateway address for a host?
49152 - 65535.
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
HTTPS (Secure HTTP)
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments

15. TCP is a ________________ layer protocol.
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
Transport
Routers (the subnetting process)

16. The three main features of routes in a routing table are?
Next hop - metric and destination network. Routers do not need source address - last hop - or default gateway to find a path to the network.
1
0 - 1023 (total of 1024). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses
Destination network - next-hop - metric

17. What are three key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network?
Routing table
Transport
FTP
Purpose - ownership - and geographic location are key ways to divide a network

18. What is the netstat utility used for on a host?
Connectionless
Netstat -r and route print
It is the most common - and it encapsulates transport layer segments
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th

19. Which protocol ensures more reliable delivery between applications - TCP or UDP?
Connectionless
TCP. It makes larger demands on a network
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
53

20. IP requires that each sending and receiving device have a __________ IP address.
Unique
Packet
The router matches the destination address in the packet header with the destination network of a route in the routing table and forwards the packet to the next-hop router specified by that route
Gateway

21. UDP does or does not create a session?
Connectionless - Best effort (unreliable) - media independent
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
Does not
To reassemble the segments into data - To identify the application layer protocol - To indicate the number of the next expected byte - To show the maximum number of bytes allowed during a session. Allows the receiving host to reassemble segments in p

22. ACK is?
2nd and third choices are correct--TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. IP is the one that's unreliable and connectionless. IP operates at the network layer.
Acknowledgment field significant
All
To track the different conversations crossing the network at the same time

23. What is a common device used to divide/break up a broadcast domain into smaller broadcast domains?
Acknowledgment field significant
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
Packet
Routers (the subnetting process)

24. How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
Connectionless
Routers (the subnetting process)
Synchronize sequence numbers

25. Which of the following are true about TCP and IP?

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26. Are well known ports registered
Yes - for applications and services such as http - pop - smtp. Client requests services from a specific port.
Dynamic / private
1024. The lower numbers are the well-known ports.1024 through 49151 are registered ports and used by the host for dynamic port allocation
53

27. What is the protocol number for UDP?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control
The source and destination port number
All

28. Which protocol provides just the basic functions for efficiently delivering data pieces between appropriate applications - TCP or UDP?

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29. When an IP packet is decapsulated - the information in the packet is handed to the upper or lower layers for delivery and processing?
An alternate HTTP port
All
Upper
Forward the packet to the default route interface (gateway) or just drop/discard the packets

30. IP is designed or not designed to track and manage the flow of packets?
49152 - 65535.
TCP
Upper
Not - these are done by other protocols in other layers

31. What kinds of problems are caused by excessive broadcast traffic on a network segment?
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
It Doesn't - TCP does
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Routers (the subnetting process)

32. TCP header provides for
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
An alternate HTTP port
Window size
Source and destination (ports) - Sequencing - Acknowledgement - Flow control

33. When an OSI Layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer it is called a ______________.
Packet
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol
IP. TCP is connection-oriented - and UDP is connectionless but works on the transport layer.

34. UDP stands for?
The default gateway address is the address of a router interface that is connected to the same network as the host.
User Datagram Protocol
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
FIN -> FIN.ACK (terminate client to server) - FIN->FIN.ACK->Ack recvd (terminate server to client)

35. Which of the following are true about static and dynamic routing?
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Window size
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order

36. Which of the following are not functions of the network layer?
17 (A flag is set in the segment header. If this flag actually reads 17 - it is identified as a UDP header)
SMTP
Delivery reliability and application data analysis. The first is a transport layer concern - and the second is the presentation layer. Routing - addressing packets with an IP adress - encapsulation and decapsulation are functions of the network layer
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port

37. The router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network is called a ___________ router.
Allows the transport layer function on the destination host to reassemble segments in the right order
Gateway
IRC
Static routing

38. Routers add routes for the connected networks to their ________________ .
Reduced network bandwidth - increased overhead - and reduced host functions. The other answers are part of solutions to excessive broadcasts
Routing table
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation

39. At the transport layer - which of the following controls is used to keep a transmitting host from overflowing the buffers of a receiving host? Choose one: Best effort - encryption - flow control - congestion avoidance?
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
TCP uses flow control
FTP
It adds a header - and adds both source and destination IP addresses. Network layer encapsulation happens only on the original host; other devices can read the data - but they do not remove or alter it until the destination network is reached.

40. What four tasks does the network layer perform?
Addressing packets with IP addresses - Encapsulation - Routing - Decapsulation
UDP
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Web browsing - email - file transfer

41. Encapsulation occurs at all - some or none of the layers of the OSI model?
It is used by both routers and hosts. The second one is incorrect because IP uses addressing information in the header to determine the best path for the packet. 'Reliable' is incorrect because IP is only a 'best effort' protocol
All
Dynamic routing adds packet-processing overhead - and routers can use static and dynamic routing simultaneously
Reliable - connection-oriented protocol (resends if not received)

42. Ports can be shared at the same time? (t/f)

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43. Name the private address blocks
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
32 - there are four octets of 8 bits each in an IPv4 address
Acknowledgment and reassembly (receipt of packets and putting them in right order)
1

44. How does UDP keep track of sequence numbers?

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45. What are the transport layer's responsibilities?
UDP
SYN -> SYN.ACK->SEQ - ACK = SEQ+1 - SEQ is a random #
Keeping track of the individual conversations taking place between applications on the source and destinations hosts - Segmenting data and adding a header - Using header info to reassemble the segments into application data - Passing the assembled da
False. It's like a file - only one process can read/write.

46. Port 20 is?
FTP
Netstat lists the protocols in use - the local address and port number - the foreign address and port number - and the state of the connection. Also displays active TCP connections - ports on which the computer is listening - Ethernet statistics - th
Web browsing - email - file transfer
DNS - video-streaming - VoIP

47. What is the name of the process of removing the OSI Layer 2 information from an IP packet?
Decapsulation
Destination device is there - Figures out if it has an active service running and is accepting requests on the right port - Tells the destination device that it wants to communicate on said port
TCP
IRC

48. What is the port range for Registered ports
Synchronize sequence numbers
1024 - 49151. Unlike ports with lower numbers - developers of new TCP/UDP services can select a specific number to register with IANA rather than having a number assigned to them. Using registered ports also avoids the additional security restriction
UDP - it sends datagrams as 'best effort'
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 - 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 - 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

49. What is a broadcast domain?
UDP
Acknowledgment field significant
A broadcast domain is a logical part of a network (a network segment) in which any network equipment can transmit data directly to another equipment or device without going through a routing device (assuming the devices share the same subnet and use
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.

50. Port 520 is?
The type-of-service field contains an 8-bit binary value that is used to determine the priority of each packet. This enables QoS (Quality of service) to happen.
Acknowledgment field significant
Static routing
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)