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CISSP Attacks

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type of Remote Shellcode that downloads and executes some form of malware on the target system. This type of shellcode does not spawn a shell - but rather instructs the machine to download a certain executable file off the network - save it to disk






2. Uses DiffieH PK to determine shared Symm key






3. Type: DDoS - How: TFN uses a master program to communicate with attack agents across multiple nets. TFN can launch several types of attacks simultaneously: UDP flood - TCP SYN flood - ICPM echo request flood and ICMP directed broadcasts. - Why: TFN M






4. Attacker deletes incriminating evidence or data from audit logs. - Countermeasure: Protect log from modification via strict access control






5. Type: Man-in-Middle Attack - AKA: Phishing - URL Spoofing - How: Spoofs the public key of web site/server - Why: Get users to go to Attackers Website instead - Goal: usually to get user's data (ID - password - bank account info - etc.) However - coul






6. Installs its rootkit on the MBR - Sector 0 - Invisible to OS & security software - advanced encryption and the use of a public peer-to-peer (P2P) network for the instructions issued to the malware by (C&C) servers






7. RF interference / blocking






8. Completed by using commercially available couplers to place a microbend in the cable to allow light to radiate through the cladding and be exposed to a photodetector. photodetector is connected to an electro-optical converter that acts as an interfac






9. Type: Masquerading Attack - How: For a given IP address in ARP table - attacker enters his MAC address - Why: Attacker alters System ARP table. Goal to receive packets.






10. Sasser - Blaster - Melissa - ILOVEYOU - Conflicker






11. Intruder re-routes data traffic from a network device to Attacker's machine






12. Zeus - Mariposa - Storm






13. Change user's service provider - w/o concent






14. The botnet also uses the public Kad P2P network for one of its two channels for communicating between infected PCs and the C&C servers - said Kaspersky. Previously - botnets that communicated via P2P used a closed network they had created.






15. Type: DoS - How: Send Packet > max allowable size of 65535 bytes - Why: Causes vulnerable host to fail and/or reboot - Counter: Ingress filter - patch systems






16. Type: DDoS - How: uses a master program to communicate with attack agents across multiple nets. Attacker remotely connects to Master host - then master commands agents to perform UDP flood to a list of Target IP addresses. - Why: your IP address is i






17. Type: Fun or Snoop Info - How: Attacker sends unsolicited message to Bluetooth enabled device. e.g. insert contact into address book. Why: May Enable future attacks on the device via emails - Recipent reaction or get data w/o your knowledge while con






18. How: Attacker sends forged stream of TCP SYN packets with Source & Destination = to victim's IP address - Victim's system attempts to reply to itselft (attacks itself) - Vulnerable systems: Systems with BSD TCP/IP stack - Counter: Edge routers drop p






19. Type: DoS - How: Attacker sends your packets to a non-existent address - How: One way is special type of ARP poisioning.






20. Type: Buffer Overflow in the heap data area. - Heap overflows are exploitable in a different manner to that of stack-based overflows. Memory on the heap is dynamically allocated by the application at run-time and typically contains program data. Expl






21. In computer security - a shellcode is a small piece of code used as the payload in the exploitation of a software vulnerability. It is called 'shellcode' because it typically starts a command shell from which the attacker can control the compromised






22. AKA Session Hijacking - Enables user to gain control of session read change data and/or packets. Could potentially get passwords or Paswd file if attacks admin






23. Type: DoS (Flood or Crashing) - How: Malformed fragmented packts - Why: Causes vulnerable host to fail and/or reboot - Countermeasure: Network IDS - drop faulty or corrupted packets - ingress filters






24. Type: Buffer Overflow - How: Memory Stack is overflown to write data into another area of memory in the Identify of the System. (Priviledged System account) - Why: The most common cause of stack overflows is excessively deep or infinite recursion. T






25. Covert Channel ICMP comms - writes data after header Sniffing - Counter: Secure protocols -






26. Attacker uses program presenting Fake Logon Screen Capture Username & Pswd - Counter: Host IDS






27. Juggernaut & HUNT Project - Spy then attack






28. Add extra bogus charges






29. Social engineering technique






30. How: Attacker uses technologies (especially associated with VoIP) that allow callers to lie about their identity and present false names and numbers - Why: defraud or harass.






31. Hacker gains access to data stored on Bluetooth enabled phone. Why: hacker make phone calls - send & receive text messages - read & write phonebook contacts - eavesdrop on phone conversations - and connect to Internet. - How: requires advanced equip






32. 1) If phone is vulnerable to bluesnarfing or bluebugging-- seek patches. Manufacturer or manufacturer-authorized dealer. Software patches available for many older Bluetooth phones. 2) Turn device to non-discoverable mode when not using Bluetooth tech






33. Type: Reconn - How: Use port scanning tool to identify Listening Ports (TCP/UDP) on Servers - Tools: Nmap - Foundstone Products (Scanline - etc.) - Angry IP Scanner - etc.






34. Type: Brute force How: Attack hashing function via Brute force. Changes message until he gets one that produces the same hash value. - Why: Attacker wants to change your message without detection.






35. Mobile device attack that seeks to dupe the recipient of an SMS (short message service - text) message into downloading malware onto their handset. Once the handset is infected - it can be turned into a 'zombie -' allowing attackers to control the de






36. AKA: Asynchronous attack - How: Takes advantage of dependency of event timing in a multitasking OS - How: Attacker gets between instructions and manipulates something. Goal is Control the result.






37. Flood w/ Pairing requests. (spoofed or not) - Victim consumed with Responses






38. Counters: A firewall can be used to detect the outgoing connections made by connect-back shellcodes and the attempt to accept incoming connections made by bindshells. They can therefore offer some protection against an attacker - even if the system i






39. May result in data at a specific location being altered in an arbitrary way - or in arbitrary code being executed. - Counter: make sure your OS and application libraries are patched to detect/prevent against these types of overflows






40. Attacker must win the race of responding between 2 different processes carrying out a task/function. Counter: Do not Split up critical tasks that can have results or sequence altered. - Employ Software locks to files to prevent unauthorized access.






41. Redirect victim to fake website - How: DNS poison -






42. aka ARP Flooding - poisioning






43. Overwhelm mail server & Clients






44. Allows skilled individuals to access phone Commands using Bluetooth wireless technology without notifying or alerting the phone's user. - Why: This vulnerability allows the hacker to initiate phone calls - send and read SMS - read and write phoneboo






45. Bluebugging - Bluesnarfing






46. Counters:Best: Proper programming with Input value bounds checking. Keep systems current: Patching - hot fixes - etc.






47. How: SMTP doesn't provide any authentication.E-mail address spoofing is done in quite the same way as writing a forged return address using snail mail. As long as the letter fits the protocol - (i.e. stamp - postal code) the SMTP protocol will send t






48. TDL-4's makers created their own encryption algorithm - Kaspersky's Golovanov said in his analysis - and the botnet uses the domain names of the C&C servers as the encryption keys.






49. Counter: Non-public #s - Tight AC for modems / pools






50. Type: Worm. How: Self replicating usually Rapid over net or other means.