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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






2. The actors causing the threats that might exploit a vulnerability






3. Redundant array of inexpensive disks - goal is to mitigate the risk of failure of a hard disk






4. Administrative security control that prescribes that multiple people are required to complete critical or sensitive transactions. The goal is to ensure that in order for someone to be able to abuse their access to sensitive information or transaction






5. Detection - containment - eradication - recovery - reporting






6. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






7. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






8. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






9. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






10. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






11. Incident response stage in which a final report is presented to management. the goal is to detail ways in which the identification could have occurred sooner - the response could have been quicker or more effective - and organizational shortcomings t






12. Attacks against vulnerabilities with no patch or fix






13. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






14. Administrative control where in order to mitigate risk and uncover potential fraud - employee's job or job functions are shifted and changed






15. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






16. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






17. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






18. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






19. Incident response stage in which events are analyzed in order to determine whether these events might comprise a security incident. is the event occurring or has it occurred






20. Considered the most secure means of data sanititzation - commonly uses incineration or pulverization






21. Stipulate all expectations regarding the providing of a service and its quality. what is considered acceptable regarding things such as bandwidth - time to delivery - response time - etc.






22. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






23. Distributed denial of service - many to one availability attack






24. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






25. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system






26. The medium that allows the threat agent to exploit a vulnerability






27. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






28. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






29. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






30. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






31. Striped sets in a mirrored set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity. The key difference from RAID 1+0 is that RAID 0+1 creates a second striped set to mirror a primary s






32. Incident response stage in which the affected system(s) are restored to operational status. typically the business unit responsible for the system will dictate when the system will go back online. close monitoring is necessary






33. A hot standy - configuration in which the backup systems only begin processing when a failure state is detected






34. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






35. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






36. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






37. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






38. DOS - resource exhaustion - involves ICMP flooding. The attacker sends ICMP echo request messages with spoofed source addresses of the victim to the directed broadcast address of a network known to be smurf amplifier. As with most resource exhaustive






39. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






40. Striped set - offers no data redundancy and is a poor choice if recovery of data is the reason for leveraging RAID






41. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.






42. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






43. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






44. Malicious code that infects Microsoft Office documents by means of embedding malicious macros within them.






45. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






46. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






47. Administrative control - a work related contractual agreement that ensures that employees - prior to being given sensitive information - will maintain the confidentiality and sensitivity of this information (also considered a directive control)






48. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






49. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






50. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure