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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Administrative control that makes sure employees have the proper rights and privileges to perform their work. escalation of priviliges can occur as employees are promoted or change jobs - yet their access rights and priveleges to systems and informat






2. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






3. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






4. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






5. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






6. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






7. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






8. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






9. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






10. Incident response stage in which events are analyzed in order to determine whether these events might comprise a security incident. is the event occurring or has it occurred






11. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






12. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






13. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






14. Any type of software that attacks a system or application - also called malicious code






15. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






16. Striped set - offers no data redundancy and is a poor choice if recovery of data is the reason for leveraging RAID






17. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






18. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






19. Introducing a magnetic field to magnetic storage media. a degausser destroys the integrity of the magnetization of the storage media - making the data unrecoverable






20. Multi-raid - means that one standard RAID level is encapsulated within another.






21. Denial of service - one to one availability attack






22. Two parties conspire to undermine the security of the transaction






23. Incident response stage in which a final report is presented to management. the goal is to detail ways in which the identification could have occurred sooner - the response could have been quicker or more effective - and organizational shortcomings t






24. The medium that allows the threat agent to exploit a vulnerability






25. The actors causing the threats that might exploit a vulnerability






26. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






27. Attacks against vulnerabilities with no patch or fix






28. Distributed denial of service - many to one availability attack






29. Mirrored striped set with distributed parity (some manufacturers label this as RAID 53)






30. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system






31. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






32. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






33. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






34. DOS - resource exhaustion - involves ICMP flooding. The attacker sends ICMP echo request messages with spoofed source addresses of the victim to the directed broadcast address of a network known to be smurf amplifier. As with most resource exhaustive






35. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






36. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






37. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






38. Malicious code that infects Microsoft Office documents by means of embedding malicious macros within them.






39. Administrative control where in order to mitigate risk and uncover potential fraud - employee's job or job functions are shifted and changed






40. Stipulate all expectations regarding the providing of a service and its quality. what is considered acceptable regarding things such as bandwidth - time to delivery - response time - etc.






41. Redundant array of inexpensive disks - goal is to mitigate the risk of failure of a hard disk






42. Process: identify a change - propose a change - assess the risk associated with the change - test - schedule the change - notify impacted parties - implement - report the results to management - all changes must be tracked and auditable - a detailed






43. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






44. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






45. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






46. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






47. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






48. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






49. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






50. A hot standy - configuration in which the backup systems only begin processing when a failure state is detected






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