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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hot standy - configuration in which the backup systems only begin processing when a failure state is detected






2. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






3. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






4. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






5. Any type of software that attacks a system or application - also called malicious code






6. The medium that allows the threat agent to exploit a vulnerability






7. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






8. Administrative control - the sensitivity of the position being filled largely determines the extent to which this control is used. Try to uncover any information that may indicate a prospective employee will be unable to perform their job






9. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






10. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






11. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






12. Striped sets in a mirrored set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity. The key difference from RAID 1+0 is that RAID 0+1 creates a second striped set to mirror a primary s






13. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






14. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






15. Incident response stage in which the process of understanding the cause of the incident so that the system can be readily cleaned and ultimately restored.






16. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






17. Incident response stage in which the affected system(s) are restored to operational status. typically the business unit responsible for the system will dictate when the system will go back online. close monitoring is necessary






18. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






19. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






20. Detection - containment - eradication - recovery - reporting






21. Mirrored striped set with distributed parity (some manufacturers label this as RAID 53)






22. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






23. Malicious code that infects Microsoft Office documents by means of embedding malicious macros within them.






24. Administrative control that makes sure employees have the proper rights and privileges to perform their work. escalation of priviliges can occur as employees are promoted or change jobs - yet their access rights and priveleges to systems and informat






25. Attacks against vulnerabilities with no patch or fix






26. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






27. DOS - resource exhaustion - most basic type of resource exhaustive attacks - and involve an attacker - or attacker controlled machines - initiating many connections to the victim - but not responding to the victim's SYN/ACK packets. The victim's conn






28. Distributed denial of service - many to one availability attack






29. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






30. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






31. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






32. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






33. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






34. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






35. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system






36. Stipulate all expectations regarding the providing of a service and its quality. what is considered acceptable regarding things such as bandwidth - time to delivery - response time - etc.






37. Writing the same data on multiple hard disks






38. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






39. More effective data sanitization technique where data on a drive is overwritten






40. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






41. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






42. The actors causing the threats that might exploit a vulnerability






43. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






44. DOS - resource exhaustion - a variation of the smurf attack - the main difference being that fraggle leverages UDP for the request portion - and stimulates an ICMP port unreachable message being sent to he victim rather than an ICMP echo response






45. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






46. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






47. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






48. Incident response stage in which a final report is presented to management. the goal is to detail ways in which the identification could have occurred sooner - the response could have been quicker or more effective - and organizational shortcomings t






49. Administrative control where in order to mitigate risk and uncover potential fraud - employee's job or job functions are shifted and changed






50. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.