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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






2. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






3. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






4. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






5. DOS - resource exhaustion - involves ICMP flooding. The attacker sends ICMP echo request messages with spoofed source addresses of the victim to the directed broadcast address of a network known to be smurf amplifier. As with most resource exhaustive






6. Distributed denial of service - many to one availability attack






7. Two parties conspire to undermine the security of the transaction






8. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






9. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






10. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






11. An administrative security control that dictates a person should have no more access that the access that is strictly required to perform their job






12. Redundant array of inexpensive disks - goal is to mitigate the risk of failure of a hard disk






13. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






14. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






15. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






16. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






17. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






18. Administrative security control that prescribes that multiple people are required to complete critical or sensitive transactions. The goal is to ensure that in order for someone to be able to abuse their access to sensitive information or transaction






19. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






20. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






21. Administrative control - a work related contractual agreement that ensures that employees - prior to being given sensitive information - will maintain the confidentiality and sensitivity of this information (also considered a directive control)






22. Attacks against vulnerabilities with no patch or fix






23. More effective data sanitization technique where data on a drive is overwritten






24. Stipulate all expectations regarding the providing of a service and its quality. what is considered acceptable regarding things such as bandwidth - time to delivery - response time - etc.






25. The actors causing the threats that might exploit a vulnerability






26. DOS - resource exhaustion - a variation of the smurf attack - the main difference being that fraggle leverages UDP for the request portion - and stimulates an ICMP port unreachable message being sent to he victim rather than an ICMP echo response






27. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






28. Incident response stage in which the affected system(s) are restored to operational status. typically the business unit responsible for the system will dictate when the system will go back online. close monitoring is necessary






29. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






30. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






31. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.






32. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






33. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






34. Process: identify a change - propose a change - assess the risk associated with the change - test - schedule the change - notify impacted parties - implement - report the results to management - all changes must be tracked and auditable - a detailed






35. Incident response stage in which events are analyzed in order to determine whether these events might comprise a security incident. is the event occurring or has it occurred






36. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






37. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






38. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






39. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






40. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






41. Administrative control that makes sure employees have the proper rights and privileges to perform their work. escalation of priviliges can occur as employees are promoted or change jobs - yet their access rights and priveleges to systems and informat






42. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






43. Writing the same data on multiple hard disks






44. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






45. Detection - containment - eradication - recovery - reporting






46. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






47. Considered the most secure means of data sanititzation - commonly uses incineration or pulverization






48. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






49. Introducing a magnetic field to magnetic storage media. a degausser destroys the integrity of the magnetization of the storage media - making the data unrecoverable






50. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system