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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






2. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






3. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






4. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






5. DOS - resource exhaustion - most basic type of resource exhaustive attacks - and involve an attacker - or attacker controlled machines - initiating many connections to the victim - but not responding to the victim's SYN/ACK packets. The victim's conn






6. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






7. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






8. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






9. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






10. Administrative control - the sensitivity of the position being filled largely determines the extent to which this control is used. Try to uncover any information that may indicate a prospective employee will be unable to perform their job






11. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






12. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






13. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






14. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






15. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






16. Considered the most secure means of data sanititzation - commonly uses incineration or pulverization






17. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






18. Detection - containment - eradication - recovery - reporting






19. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






20. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






21. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






22. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






23. A hot standy - configuration in which the backup systems only begin processing when a failure state is detected






24. Mirrored striped set with distributed parity (some manufacturers label this as RAID 53)






25. Introducing a magnetic field to magnetic storage media. a degausser destroys the integrity of the magnetization of the storage media - making the data unrecoverable






26. Striped sets in a mirrored set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity. The key difference from RAID 1+0 is that RAID 0+1 creates a second striped set to mirror a primary s






27. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






28. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






29. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






30. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






31. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






32. Writing the same data on multiple hard disks






33. Multi-raid - means that one standard RAID level is encapsulated within another.






34. Stipulate all expectations regarding the providing of a service and its quality. what is considered acceptable regarding things such as bandwidth - time to delivery - response time - etc.






35. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






36. More effective data sanitization technique where data on a drive is overwritten






37. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






38. Incident response stage in which the process of understanding the cause of the incident so that the system can be readily cleaned and ultimately restored.






39. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






40. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






41. Denial of service - one to one availability attack






42. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.






43. DOS - resource exhaustion - involves ICMP flooding. The attacker sends ICMP echo request messages with spoofed source addresses of the victim to the directed broadcast address of a network known to be smurf amplifier. As with most resource exhaustive






44. Incident response stage in which the affected system(s) are restored to operational status. typically the business unit responsible for the system will dictate when the system will go back online. close monitoring is necessary






45. DOS - resource exhaustion - a variation of the smurf attack - the main difference being that fraggle leverages UDP for the request portion - and stimulates an ICMP port unreachable message being sent to he victim rather than an ICMP echo response






46. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






47. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






48. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






49. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






50. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system