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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






2. Any type of software that attacks a system or application - also called malicious code






3. Detection - containment - eradication - recovery - reporting






4. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






5. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






6. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






7. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






8. More effective data sanitization technique where data on a drive is overwritten






9. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






10. Multi-raid - means that one standard RAID level is encapsulated within another.






11. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






12. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






13. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






14. Malicious code that infects Microsoft Office documents by means of embedding malicious macros within them.






15. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






16. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






17. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






18. Incident response stage in which the process of understanding the cause of the incident so that the system can be readily cleaned and ultimately restored.






19. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






20. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






21. Administrative security control that prescribes that multiple people are required to complete critical or sensitive transactions. The goal is to ensure that in order for someone to be able to abuse their access to sensitive information or transaction






22. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






23. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






24. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






25. Striped set - offers no data redundancy and is a poor choice if recovery of data is the reason for leveraging RAID






26. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






27. Incident response stage in which events are analyzed in order to determine whether these events might comprise a security incident. is the event occurring or has it occurred






28. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






29. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






30. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






31. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system






32. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.






33. Denial of service - one to one availability attack






34. Process: identify a change - propose a change - assess the risk associated with the change - test - schedule the change - notify impacted parties - implement - report the results to management - all changes must be tracked and auditable - a detailed






35. Administrative control - the sensitivity of the position being filled largely determines the extent to which this control is used. Try to uncover any information that may indicate a prospective employee will be unable to perform their job






36. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






37. Administrative control - a work related contractual agreement that ensures that employees - prior to being given sensitive information - will maintain the confidentiality and sensitivity of this information (also considered a directive control)






38. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






39. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






40. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






41. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






42. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






43. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






44. Two parties conspire to undermine the security of the transaction






45. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






46. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






47. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






48. DOS - resource exhaustion - most basic type of resource exhaustive attacks - and involve an attacker - or attacker controlled machines - initiating many connections to the victim - but not responding to the victim's SYN/ACK packets. The victim's conn






49. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






50. DOS - resource exhaustion - a variation of the smurf attack - the main difference being that fraggle leverages UDP for the request portion - and stimulates an ICMP port unreachable message being sent to he victim rather than an ICMP echo response