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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






2. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






3. Administrative control that makes sure employees have the proper rights and privileges to perform their work. escalation of priviliges can occur as employees are promoted or change jobs - yet their access rights and priveleges to systems and informat






4. An offline technique in which the attacker has gained access to the password hashes or database






5. Introducing a magnetic field to magnetic storage media. a degausser destroys the integrity of the magnetization of the storage media - making the data unrecoverable






6. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






7. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack






8. Striped set with dual distributed parity - allows for recovery if two disks fail






9. Two parties conspire to undermine the security of the transaction






10. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






11. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






12. A means to achieve data redundancy without incurring the same degree of cost as that of mirroring in terms of disk usage and write performance






13. Considered the most secure means of data sanititzation - commonly uses incineration or pulverization






14. Process: identify a change - propose a change - assess the risk associated with the change - test - schedule the change - notify impacted parties - implement - report the results to management - all changes must be tracked and auditable - a detailed






15. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






16. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






17. Incident response stage in which a final report is presented to management. the goal is to detail ways in which the identification could have occurred sooner - the response could have been quicker or more effective - and organizational shortcomings t






18. Dictionary attacks - directs the password cracking tool to use a supplied list of words as potential passwords.






19. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






20. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






21. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






22. DOS - resource exhaustion - most basic type of resource exhaustive attacks - and involve an attacker - or attacker controlled machines - initiating many connections to the victim - but not responding to the victim's SYN/ACK packets. The victim's conn






23. Administrative control - a work related contractual agreement that ensures that employees - prior to being given sensitive information - will maintain the confidentiality and sensitivity of this information (also considered a directive control)






24. The medium that allows the threat agent to exploit a vulnerability






25. A hot standy - configuration in which the backup systems only begin processing when a failure state is detected






26. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






27. Administrative security control that prescribes that multiple people are required to complete critical or sensitive transactions. The goal is to ensure that in order for someone to be able to abuse their access to sensitive information or transaction






28. Administrative control - the sensitivity of the position being filled largely determines the extent to which this control is used. Try to uncover any information that may indicate a prospective employee will be unable to perform their job






29. Striped set - offers no data redundancy and is a poor choice if recovery of data is the reason for leveraging RAID






30. Incident response stage in which the affected system(s) are restored to operational status. typically the business unit responsible for the system will dictate when the system will go back online. close monitoring is necessary






31. Administrative control where employees are required to take a vacation. helps determine personnel single points of failure - detection and deterence of fraud - and the risk that comes with employees being unavailable for work. can also detect suspici






32. Denial of service - one to one availability attack






33. Writing the same data on multiple hard disks






34. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






35. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






36. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






37. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






38. Spreading data across multiple hard disks. increases performance and does create data redundancy






39. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






40. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






41. Any type of software that attacks a system or application - also called malicious code






42. Mirrored striped set with distributed parity (some manufacturers label this as RAID 53)






43. Redundant array of inexpensive disks - goal is to mitigate the risk of failure of a hard disk






44. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






45. Administrative control where in order to mitigate risk and uncover potential fraud - employee's job or job functions are shifted and changed






46. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






47. Incident response stage in which the process of understanding the cause of the incident so that the system can be readily cleaned and ultimately restored.






48. Malicious code that infects Microsoft Office documents by means of embedding malicious macros within them.






49. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






50. Multi-raid - means that one standard RAID level is encapsulated within another.