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CISSP Operational Security

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Administrative security control used in MAC systems where access determination is based upon a clearance level of subjects and classification levels of objects. Compartmentalization enforces need to know which necessitates that someone requires acces






2. Masquerading as another endpoint. presenting false information - usually within packets - to trick other systems and hide the origin of the message. done to prevent an identity from becoming uncovered






3. Have the ability to self-propogate - or spread without user interaction. more well known worms: Code Red - Nimda - SQL Slammer - Blaster - MyDoom - Witty






4. Introducing a magnetic field to magnetic storage media. a degausser destroys the integrity of the magnetization of the storage media - making the data unrecoverable






5. DOS - malformed packet - the land attack uses spoofed SYN packet that includes the victim's IP address and TCP port as both source and destination. This attack targets the TCPIP stack






6. Used to prevent an attack from being able to simply guess the correct password by attempting a large number of possibilities






7. Attacks against vulnerabilities with no patch or fix






8. Failover cluster - employs multiple systems that are already installed - configured - and plugged in - such that if a failover causes one of the systems to fail - then the other can be seamlessly leveraged to maintain the availability of the service






9. Define a minimum reporting threshold level and help differentiate an attack from noise - but can also cause false negatives






10. Administrative control - a work related contractual agreement that ensures that employees - prior to being given sensitive information - will maintain the confidentiality and sensitivity of this information (also considered a directive control)






11. Uses the dictionary attack but makes alterations to the word before putting the guess through the hashing algorithm






12. Writing the same data on multiple hard disks






13. Any type of software that attacks a system or application - also called malicious code






14. Mirrored striped set with distributed parity (some manufacturers label this as RAID 53)






15. Trying all possible password combinations until a correct match between the hashes is found. may make use of rainbow tables which contain precomputed password-hash combinations






16. Administrative control where in order to mitigate risk and uncover potential fraud - employee's job or job functions are shifted and changed






17. A replica of all allocated data on a disk






18. Incident response stage in which the process of understanding the cause of the incident so that the system can be readily cleaned and ultimately restored.






19. Data that persists beyond noninvasive means to delete it. sometimes used to refer to residual data that remains after sanitization takes place






20. Striped set with dedicated parity at the byte level - data at the byte level is striped across multiple disks - but an additional disk is leveraged for storage of parity information - which is used for recovery in the event of a failure. allows for d






21. Most often associated with providing an attacker with persistent backdoor access. Trojans provide desirable functionality that the user is seeking but also come with malicious functionality that the user does not anticipate






22. Mirrored sets in a striped set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity.






23. DOS - resource exhaustion - a variation of the smurf attack - the main difference being that fraggle leverages UDP for the request portion - and stimulates an ICMP port unreachable message being sent to he victim rather than an ICMP echo response






24. Two parties conspire to undermine the security of the transaction






25. Back up any files that had changed since the last full backup






26. An online technique that involves attempting to authenticate a particular user to a system






27. An administrative security control that dictates a person should have no more access that the access that is strictly required to perform their job






28. Incident response stage in which the response team attempts to keep further damage from occurring as a result of the incident. also the phase where a binary forensic backup is made of systems involved in the incident.






29. Backup of any files that have changed since the last backup






30. Term used for malware that is focused on hiding its own existence. Typical capabilities include file - folder - process - and network connection hiding. The techniques developed with rootkits are now commonly included in other types of malware






31. Process: identify a change - propose a change - assess the risk associated with the change - test - schedule the change - notify impacted parties - implement - report the results to management - all changes must be tracked and auditable - a detailed






32. Striped sets in a mirrored set (minimum four disks; even number of disks) provides fault tolerance and improved performance but increases complexity. The key difference from RAID 1+0 is that RAID 0+1 creates a second striped set to mirror a primary s






33. DOS - malformed packet - the teardrop attack is a malformed packet attack that targets issues with systems fragmentation reassembly. The attack involves sending packets with overlapping fragment offsets - which can cause a system attempting to reasse






34. Striped set with dedicated parity at the block level - employs a dedicated parity drive rather than having parity data distributed amongst all disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






35. The actors causing the threats that might exploit a vulnerability






36. Administrative control that makes sure employees have the proper rights and privileges to perform their work. escalation of priviliges can occur as employees are promoted or change jobs - yet their access rights and priveleges to systems and informat






37. Malicious code that hooks onto executable code - and requires user interaction to spread. In addition to spreading - the actual payload of the virus - that is - what it is intended to do - could be anything






38. OS - like the smurf attack - leverages a third party - the attacker who has poorly configured third party DNS servers queries an attacker controlled DNS server and cahce the response (the maximum size DNS response). Once the large record is cached by






39. Confidentiality attack on network traffic - involves monitoring packets as they traverse a network.






40. DOS - resource exhaustion - involves ICMP flooding. The attacker sends ICMP echo request messages with spoofed source addresses of the victim to the directed broadcast address of a network known to be smurf amplifier. As with most resource exhaustive






41. Means load balancing - each node in a HA cluster is actively processing data prior to failure






42. Places the attacker between the victim and another system. the attackers goal is to be able to serve as an undiscovered proxy for either or both of two endpoints engaging in communication. Uses sniffing and spoofing. The capabilities of session hijac






43. Considered the most secure means of data sanititzation - commonly uses incineration or pulverization






44. Striped set - offers no data redundancy and is a poor choice if recovery of data is the reason for leveraging RAID






45. Mirrored set - creates an exact duplicate of all data to an additional disk. allows for data recovery in the event that n-1 disk fails






46. Redundant array of inexpensive disks - goal is to mitigate the risk of failure of a hard disk






47. Striped set with distributed parity - uses block level striping - writes parity information that is used for recovery purposes. distributes the parity information across multiple disks. allows for data recovery in the event that one disk fails






48. Deleting the file allocation on a storage device. important in security because it does not delete the data - it merely deletes the points that are used to find the data






49. Denial of service - one to one availability attack






50. DOS - Malformed packet - denial of service involved in sending a malformed ICMP echo request (ping) that was larger than the maximum size of an IP packet. Patching TCPIP stacks of systems removed the vulnerability of this DOS attack