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Civil Rights And Civil Liberties Court Cases

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Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Upheld student's rights to express themselves by wearing black armbands symbolizing protest of the Vietnam War.






2. The Court ruled that an all-male jury did not violate a woman's rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.






3. Incorporated the free speech clause of the First Amendment - ruling that the states were not completely free to limit forms of political expression.






4. This decision expanded the types of beliefs that can be used to get conscientious objector status. The depth and fervency of the beliefs - rather than their status as part of an established religious system - became fundamental to determining which v






5. Granted indigents the right to counsel






6. When a government operates a 'limited public forum -' it may not discriminate against speech that takes place within that forum on the basis of the viewpoint it expresses—in this case - against religious speech engaged in by an evangelical Christian






7. The Supreme Court found that a woman's right to an abortion was protected by the right to privacy that could be implied from specific guarantees found in the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment.






8. Supreme Court case that established the Constitution's implied right to privacy. (Birth control case)






9. You can burn the flag [symbolic speech]






10. Court ruled that laws banning animal sacrifice were unconstitutional because they targeted the Santeria religion specifically.






11. Held that the Justice Department does not have the authority to block physician assisted suicides.






12. Declared school sponsored Bible reading in public schools in the United States to be unconstitutional [est. clause and schools]






13. Declared that a work is obscene and may be regulated by the gov if work taken as a whole appeals to prurient interests - work portrays sexual conduct in a patently offensive way and work taken as a whole lacks literary - artistic - political or scien






14. Ll nine Justices of the Court voted to strike down anti-indecency provisions of the Communications Decency Act (the CDA) - finding they violated the freedom of speech provisions of the First Amendment [obscenity]






15. In upholding several restrictive abortion regulations - the Court opened the door for state governments to enact new restrictions on abortion.






16. The Army accused chief counsel - Roy Cohn - of pressuring the Army to give preferential treatment to G. David Schine - Who was a former McCarthy aide and a friend of Cohn's. McCarthy counter-charged that this accusation was made in bad faith - in ret






17. Turned the tide in terms of constitutional litigation - ruling that the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited unreasonable classifications based on sex.






18. Established exclusionary rule [4th amendment]; Fremont Weeks was suspected of using the mail system to distribute chances in a lottery - which was considered gambling and was illegal in Missouri. State agents entered his home - searched his room - an






19. 'Bad Tendency Doctrine -' speech restricted if it has tendency to lead to illegal actions; selectively incorporated freedom of speech to states






20. The Court reversed its 1986 ruling in Bowers v. Hardwick by finding a Texas statute that banned sodomy to be unconstitutional.






21. Selectively incorporates freedom of the press -The Court ruled that a Minnesota law that targeted publishers of 'malicious' or 'scandalous' newspapers violated the First Amendment






22. Although the tests were searches under the Fourth Amendment - they were reasonable in light of the schools' interest in preventing teenage drug use.






23. The Court declared that a law banning peyote use was constitutional because it did not specifically target the Native American Church.






24. All defendants must be informed of legal rights before they are arrested [5th]






25. This Act prescribed fines up to $10000 and prison up to 20 yrs for a variety of loosely defined antiwar activities. [free speech]






26. A Colorado constitutional amendment precluding any legislative - executive - or judicial action at any state or local level designed to bar discrimination based on sexual preference was ruled not rational or reasonable.






27. Incorporated the First Amendment's right to freedom of assembly.






28. (no burning draft card) [symbolic speech]


29. Law must be clearly secular - not prohibiting or inhibiting religion - and there should be no excessive entanglement






30. MALDEF failed to convince the Court that educational funds should be distributed equally among school districts.






31. Evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights is sometimes inadmissible for a criminal prosecution in a court of law.






32. Nonverbal communication - such as burning a flag or wearing an armband. The Supreme Court has accorded some symbolic speech protection under the first amendment.






33. Decision that limited the application of the Bill of Rights to the actions of Congress alone.






34. Congressional measure banning saying 'unloyal -' things during wartime; violated 1st amendment rights & convicted many [free speech]






35. Religious organization can obtain federal grants to help solve societal problems [exception to lemon v. kurtzman]






36. Peyote smoking member of native american church denied unemployment compensation [Free exercise]






37. Public schools may not have clergy lead prayers at graduation ceremonies [est. clause and schools]






38. Death penalty is not 'cruel and unusual punishment' in cases of murder [8th]






39. Announced that the public and the press have a First Amendment right to attend criminal trials.






40. Law aimed at preventing laws which substantially burden a person's free exercise of their religion. Also - attempted to reign in the Courts' decisions against religious practices.






41. By ruling that a state law violated the freedom of the press - the Supreme Court incorporated the free press provision of the First Amendment.






42. Supreme court decision holding that school segregation is inherently unconstitutional because it violates the Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of equal protection; marked the end of legal segregation in the US.






43. Case wherein the Supreme Court adopted the exclusionary rule - which bars the use of illegally obtained evidence at trial.






44. Concluded that a defendant did not have a First Amendment right to free speech against the draft during World War I. Charles Schenck was the Secretary of the Socialist party and was responsible for printing - distributing - and mailing 15000 leaflets






45. A Tennessee death-row inmate who had otherwise exhausted his federal appeals was provided an exception due to the availability of DNA evidence suggesting his innocence; the case recognized the potential exculpatory power of DNA evidence.






46. Incorporated a portion of the Fourth Amendment by establishing that illegally obtained evidence cannot be sued at trial.






47. Prior restraint case; the Court ruled that a trial judge could not prohibit the publication or broadcast of information about a murder trial.






48. Identified an implied right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution using the 1st - 3rd - 4th - 5th - and 9th amendment. Hint: This case involved birth control and married couples... relate this somehow to the Griswold family vacation movies?






49. Supreme Court ruling that simply publishing a defamatory falsehood is not enough to justify a libel judgment. 'Actual malice' must be proved to support a finding of libel against a public figure.






50. Case that ruled Oregon's law barring women from working more than ten hours a day was constitutional; also an attempt to define women's unique status as mothers to justify their differential treatment.






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