Test your basic knowledge |

CLEP General Mathematics: Probability And Statistics

Subjects : clep, math
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is a parameter that indexes a family of probability distributions.






2. Where the null hypothesis fails to be rejected and an actual difference between populations is missed giving a 'false negative'.






3. Performing the experiment following the experimental protocol and analyzing the data following the experimental protocol. 4. Further examining the data set in secondary analyses - to suggest new hypotheses for future study. 5. Documenting and present






4. Describes a characteristic of an individual to be measured or observed.






5. Of a group of numbers is the center point of all those number values.






6. Is a sample and the associated data points.






7. Are usually written with upper case calligraphic (e.g. F for the set of sets on which we define the probability P)






8. Any specific experimental condition applied to the subjects






9. The proportion of the explained variation by a linear regression model in the total variation.






10. Long-term upward or downward movement over time.






11. (also called statistical variability) is a measure of how diverse some data is. It can be expressed by the variance or the standard deviation.






12. Data are gathered and correlations between predictors and response are investigated.






13. Is inference about a population from a random sample drawn from it or - more generally - about a random process from its observed behavior during a finite period of time.






14. A common goal for a statistical research project is to investigate causality - and in particular to draw a conclusion on the effect of changes in the values of predictors or independent variables on dependent variables or response.






15. Many statistical methods seek to minimize the mean-squared error - and these are called






16. Some commonly used symbols for population parameters






17. The result of a Bayesian analysis that encapsulates the combination of prior beliefs or information with observed data






18. Is a function that gives the probability of all elements in a given space: see List of probability distributions






19. The probability of correctly detecting a false null hypothesis.






20. To find the median value of a set of numbers: Arrange the numbers in numerical order. Locate the two middle numbers in the list. Find the average of those two middle values.






21. In number theory - scatter plots of data generated by a distribution function may be transformed with familiar tools used in statistics to reveal underlying patterns - which may then lead to






22. Have no meaningful rank order among values.






23. When info. in a contingency table is re-organized into more or less categories - relationships seen can change or reverse.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


24. Cov[X - Y] :






25. Some commonly used symbols for sample statistics






26. A numerical facsimilie or representation of a real-world phenomenon.






27. In Bayesian inference - this represents prior beliefs or other information that is available before new data or observations are taken into account.






28. Rejecting a true null hypothesis.






29. Is one that explores the correlation between smoking and lung cancer. This type of study typically uses a survey to collect observations about the area of interest and then performs statistical analysis. In this case - the researchers would collect o






30. Is a subset of the sample space - to which a probability can be assigned. For example - on rolling a die - 'getting a five or a six' is an event (with a probability of one third if the die is fair).






31. (e.g. ? - b) are commonly used to denote unknown parameters (population parameters).






32. Summarize the population data by describing what was observed in the sample numerically or graphically. Numerical descriptors include mean and standard deviation for continuous data types (like heights or weights) - while frequency and percentage are






33. (or atomic event) is an event with only one element. For example - when pulling a card out of a deck - 'getting the jack of spades' is an elementary event - while 'getting a king or an ace' is not.






34. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (a.k.a. - predictive statistics) together comprise






35. Also called correlation coefficient - is a numeric measure of the strength of linear relationship between two random variables (one can use it to quantify - for example - how shoe size and height are correlated in the population). An example is the P






36. Involves taking measurements of the system under study - manipulating the system - and then taking additional measurements using the same procedure to determine if the manipulation has modified the values of the measurements.






37. Is used in 'mathematical statistics' (alternatively - 'statistical theory') to study the sampling distributions of sample statistics and - more generally - the properties of statistical procedures. The use of any statistical method is valid when the






38. A numerical measure that describes an aspect of a population.






39. Is the probability distribution - under repeated sampling of the population - of a given statistic.






40. A subjective estimate of probability.






41. Working from a null hypothesis two basic forms of error are recognized:






42. The standard deviation of a sampling distribution.






43. Consists of a number of independent trials repeated under identical conditions. On each trial - there are two possible outcomes.






44. Is a sample space over which a probability measure has been defined.






45. A pairwise independent collection of random variables is a set of random variables any two of which are independent.






46. Probability of accepting a false null hypothesis.






47. Is a set of entities about which statistical inferences are to be drawn - often based on random sampling. One can also talk about a population of measurements or values.






48. A data value that falls outside the overall pattern of the graph.






49. Is the probability of an event - ignoring any information about other events. The marginal probability of A is written P(A). Contrast with conditional probability.






50. Gives the probability distribution for a continuous random variable.