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CLEP Natural Science

Subjects : clep, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transport of a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient






2. Small - dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of RNA proteins begins






3. Stage of cellular respiration that finishes the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide - releasing energy






4. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle






5. Pores which allows materials to move in and out of the cell nucleus






6. The first stage of mitosis - forming spindle fibres attached to the centromere






7. Particle made up of DNA - RNA - protein - and in some cases lipids that can only replicate only by infecting living cells






8. Anaerobic cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into end products such as lactic acid






9. Composed of a bilayer of lipids embedded with globular proteins






10. Two identical chromosomes that split and contain the same genetic material






11. Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles






12. Double-stranded chains of proteins which give structure to the cell






13. Tubes - One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope; play a role in cell division.






14. The process of transfering genetic material from one cell to another






15. Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid






16. Classification of plant which survives only a single season






17. Projections on cell membrane increase surface area






18. A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix






19. The stalk of a stamen that supports the anther






20. A cell having only one complete set of chromosomes






21. Hollow tubes of protein about 25 nanometers in diameter - support the cell and moves organelles within the cell






22. The female part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma and ovules






23. Used to examine tiny cell organelles






24. Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms






25. Photosynthetic reaction in which carbon dioxide is attached to an organic compound (glucose - polysaccharides)






26. Theory which suggests mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic organisms in a symbiotic relationship with eykorytic cells






27. The interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis






28. Bead-like structure in chromatin - composed of a short length of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins






29. Strong layer around the cell membrane in plants - algae - and some bacteria made of cellulose and lignin






30. The process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm through tRNA






31. A period during which the cell grows - G1 - copies its DNA - S - and synthesizes proteins - G2






32. The part of an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs






33. A substance that must join with the enzyme to enable it to fit the substrate






34. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






35. Disk-like plates which are the site of photosynthesis in chloroplasts






36. Provides structural support to a cell composed of microtubules - microfilaments - centrioles






37. Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - new cell is formed






38. Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached






39. Has a nucleus - has organelles or other cell parts






40. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






41. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work






42. Breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy






43. Uses electrons from the Krebs cycle to change ADP to ATP (cytochromes on surface of cristae of mitochondria - contain protein and heme (iron containing) groups - electrons pass along them and ATP is produced)






44. The second phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell






45. Site of protein synthesis. Free ribosomes - float unattached; attached ribosomes - attached to the ER






46. Different forms of a gene






47. Body of a chloroplast containing grana






48. A cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number






49. Packaged protein or other substance produced by golgi apparatus/endoplasmic reticulum






50. Sticky portion at the top of the style which traps pollen