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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Natural Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transport of a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient
active transport
lysosomes
glycolysis
endosymbiont hypothesis
2. Modifications of pre-mRNA that make it into mature mRNA - so that it is ready for protein synthesis
transcription
post-transcriptional processing
active site
translation
3. Smallest unit of most living things
cell
nucleosome
inhibitor
chlorophyll
4. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
chromatids
ATP
active site
active transport
5. Body of a chloroplast containing grana
annuals
gymnosperms
alleles
stroma
6. The second phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
transformation
metaphase
stroma
post-transcriptional processing
7. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
glycolysis
inhibitor
filament
metabolism
8. Powerhouse of the cell - organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
prokaryotes
transcription
cytokinesis
mitochondria
9. Projections on cell membrane increase surface area
transformation
stigma
microvilli
facilitated diffusion
10. Modification of a cell by the incorporation of exogenous DNA
fermentation
transformation
endosymbiont hypothesis
microfilaments
11. A substance that must join with the enzyme to enable it to fit the substrate
annuals
cofactor
chromatids
codon
12. Double-stranded chains of proteins which give structure to the cell
nucleolus
microfilaments
prokaryotes
pistil
13. Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
metabolism
stroma
cofactor
meiosis
14. The male reproductive organ of a flower consisting of anther - filament - and pollen
pedicel
substrate
stamen
prophase
15. A cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
organelles
diploid
microvilli
cell cycle
16. Anaerobic cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into end products such as lactic acid
inhibitor
ovules
transduction
fermentation
17. Has a nucleus - has organelles or other cell parts
microfilaments
post-transcriptional processing
ovules
eukoryotic cells
18. Reproductive cells - have only half the number of chromosomes
gametes
secretory vesicles
prosthetic group
electron microscope
19. Strong layer around the cell membrane in plants - algae - and some bacteria made of cellulose and lignin
glycolysis
DNA
stroma
cell wall
20. The process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm through tRNA
ovary
prokaryotes
translation
inhibitor
21. Cell organelle filled with enyzmes need to break down certain materials in the cells
ribosomes
perennial
lysosomes
mitochondria
22. The organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
transcription
nucleolus
DNA
fermentation
23. Classification of plant which survives only a single season
prophase
metabolism
annuals
enzymes
24. Part of stem where growth occurs - contains meristem tissue that is capable of quick growth
interphase
shoot apex
mutation
pedicel
25. Cell division which produces two identical cells
microtubules
nucleolus
centrioles
mitosis
26. Proteins that act as biological catalysts
chlorophyll
exocytosis
mutation
enzymes
27. Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
centromere
shoot apex
telophase
cell
28. The substance acted upon by an enzyme
substrate
fermentation
meiosis
cytokinesis
29. Site of protein synthesis. Free ribosomes - float unattached; attached ribosomes - attached to the ER
carbon dioxide fixation
ribosomes
cytokinesis
post-transcriptional processing
30. Matching Chromosomes that are similar but not identical
metabolism
transformation
homologs
mitochondria
31. The female part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma and ovules
pistil
cytokinesis
mitochondria
secretory vesicles
32. Membrane-bound organelle that stores water and soluble substances
enzymes
lysosomes
vacuole
telophase
33. Production of a chemical compound by a living organism
biosynthesis
translation
ovary
nucleosome
34. Composed of a bilayer of lipids embedded with globular proteins
cell membrane
organelles
secretory vesicles
centromere
35. Consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
stigma
chromatin
virus
chlorophyll
36. Theory which suggests mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic organisms in a symbiotic relationship with eykorytic cells
endosymbiont hypothesis
shoot apex
biosynthesis
biennial
37. Reducing the ploidy level of nucleus from diploid to haploid in meiotic cell division
transformation
photolysis
chromatids
reduction
38. A substance that retards or stops enzymatic activity
cell cycle
microvilli
inhibitor
ovary
39. Provides structural support to a cell composed of microtubules - microfilaments - centrioles
electron transport
gymnosperms
endoplasmic reticulum
cytoskeleton
40. Passive transport of materials across a plasma membrane by transport proteins embedded in the plasma membrane
gymnosperms
ovules
facilitated diffusion
pistil
41. Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
diploid
glycolysis
codon
nucleolus
42. Particle made up of DNA - RNA - protein - and in some cases lipids that can only replicate only by infecting living cells
enzymes
tonoplast
prokaryotes
virus
43. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
fermentation
codon
crossing over
telophase
44. Breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy
catabolism
mitosis
biosynthesis
cell cycle
45. Plants that grow year after year
perennial
tonoplast
genome
ovules
46. A cell having only one complete set of chromosomes
haploid
transformation
enzymes
anaphase
47. The interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis
active transport
glycolysis
crossing over
tonoplast
48. The process of transfering genetic material from one cell to another
inhibitor
fermentation
cell wall
transduction
49. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
alleles
golgi apparatus
anaphase
cytoskeleton
50. The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo
cell cycle
cytoskeleton
pedicel
virus
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