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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Natural Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
lysosomes
metabolism
2. Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
mitochondria
codon
prokaryotes
catabolism
3. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
ATP
exocytosis
cell
vacuole
4. Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials
lysosomes
photolysis
anabolism
shoot apex
5. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
anaphase
ovules
glycolysis
cell
6. Provides structural support to a cell composed of microtubules - microfilaments - centrioles
reduction
cytoskeleton
microvilli
inhibitor
7. A non-protein - but organic - molecule (such as vitamin) that is covalently bound to an enzyme as part of the active site
prosthetic group
nucleolus
cell
anabolism
8. The male reproductive organ of a flower consisting of anther - filament - and pollen
golgi apparatus
metabolism
stamen
cell wall
9. Classication of plant which produce seeds which are 'naked' (in cones)
mitosis
gymnosperms
tonoplast
mutation
10. A period during which the cell grows - G1 - copies its DNA - S - and synthesizes proteins - G2
interphase
translation
anther
ribosomes
11. A substance that retards or stops enzymatic activity
cofactor
angiosperms
inhibitor
endosymbiont hypothesis
12. Classification of plant which survives only a single season
endosymbiont hypothesis
annuals
filament
ovary
13. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
interphase
telophase
biennial
electron transport
14. Modification of a cell by the incorporation of exogenous DNA
prosthetic group
reduction
cell wall
transformation
15. Structure within ovary of plant that contains egg cells
anaphase
chromatids
ovules
cell
16. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. rough - instrumental in protein synthesis; smooth - processes lipids fats and steroids
endoplasmic reticulum
stigma
electron microscope
inhibitor
17. In photosynthesis - this is the splitting of water by light
photolysis
gene
biosynthesis
interphase
18. Powerhouse of the cell - organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
nucleosome
catabolism
mitochondria
cristae
19. Disk-like plates which are the site of photosynthesis in chloroplasts
codon
post-transcriptional processing
grana
diploid
20. Numerous folds in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion - the site of cellular respiration
filament
reduction
virus
cristae
21. Reducing the ploidy level of nucleus from diploid to haploid in meiotic cell division
reduction
anabolism
eukoryotic cells
haploid
22. The organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
perennial
eukoryotic cells
transcription
biennial
23. Breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy
haploid
catabolism
cofactor
electron transport
24. The stalk of a stamen that supports the anther
transcription
stroma
filament
ovules
25. Plants that grow year after year
transformation
annuals
perennial
vascular plants
26. The second phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
catabolism
metaphase
nucleolus
inhibitor
27. Particle made up of DNA - RNA - protein - and in some cases lipids that can only replicate only by infecting living cells
organism
virus
alleles
transcription
28. Production of a chemical compound by a living organism
biosynthesis
interphase
electron microscope
microvilli
29. Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
vacuole
facilitated diffusion
codon
organism
30. Transport of a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient
active transport
mutation
carbon dioxide fixation
organelles
31. Classification of plant whose life cycle survives two seasons
ovules
mitochondria
biennial
endosymbiont hypothesis
32. Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
nucleosome
grana
centromere
perennial
33. Have tissues made of cells that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant
vascular plants
prokaryotes
anaphase
grana
34. Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
gene
carbon dioxide fixation
secretory vesicles
translation
35. Uses electrons from the Krebs cycle to change ADP to ATP (cytochromes on surface of cristae of mitochondria - contain protein and heme (iron containing) groups - electrons pass along them and ATP is produced)
active transport
electron transport
ribosomes
anther
36. A substance that must join with the enzyme to enable it to fit the substrate
reduction
cofactor
microvilli
chlorophyll
37. Strong layer around the cell membrane in plants - algae - and some bacteria made of cellulose and lignin
post-transcriptional processing
tonoplast
cell wall
meiosis
38. Classification of plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary - inside a flower
gametes
angiosperms
pistil
organelles
39. A cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
active site
diploid
metabolism
electron transport
40. Smallest unit of most living things
gymnosperms
transduction
codon
cell
41. Packaged protein or other substance produced by golgi apparatus/endoplasmic reticulum
cell cycle
organism
secretory vesicles
stigma
42. Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material
homologs
exocytosis
lysosomes
virus
43. Theory which suggests mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic organisms in a symbiotic relationship with eykorytic cells
centrioles
electron transport
reduction
endosymbiont hypothesis
44. Green pigment contained in the grana
cell membrane
reduction
chlorophyll
chromatin
45. Membrane-bound organelle that stores water and soluble substances
stamen
vacuole
cell wall
enzymes
46. Formed when cell membrane surrounds a molecule outside the cell and ingests it
endocytic vesicles
mitosis
cytoskeleton
centromere
47. Body of a chloroplast containing grana
prophase
photolysis
gene
stroma
48. Projections on cell membrane increase surface area
microvilli
metaphase
cofactor
transformation
49. Reproductive cells - have only half the number of chromosomes
gametes
diploid
ribosomes
carbon dioxide fixation
50. Stalk that supports the flower
metabolism
catabolism
pedicel
active transport