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CLEP Natural Science

Subjects : clep, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provides structural support to a cell composed of microtubules - microfilaments - centrioles






2. Disk-like plates which are the site of photosynthesis in chloroplasts






3. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work






4. The part of an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs






5. Anaerobic cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into end products such as lactic acid






6. Consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins






7. The first stage of mitosis - forming spindle fibres attached to the centromere






8. Photosynthetic reaction in which carbon dioxide is attached to an organic compound (glucose - polysaccharides)






9. Small structures in the cytoplasm of a cell that do special jobs






10. A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix






11. Double-stranded chains of proteins which give structure to the cell






12. The organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA






13. Breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy






14. Uses electrons from the Krebs cycle to change ADP to ATP (cytochromes on surface of cristae of mitochondria - contain protein and heme (iron containing) groups - electrons pass along them and ATP is produced)






15. Matching Chromosomes that are similar but not identical






16. Structure within ovary of plant that contains egg cells






17. Composed of a bilayer of lipids embedded with globular proteins






18. A period during which the cell grows - G1 - copies its DNA - S - and synthesizes proteins - G2






19. The interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis






20. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes






21. Proteins that act as biological catalysts






22. Plants that grow year after year






23. Modifications of pre-mRNA that make it into mature mRNA - so that it is ready for protein synthesis






24. Cell organelle filled with enyzmes need to break down certain materials in the cells






25. Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - new cell is formed






26. Have tissues made of cells that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant






27. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. rough - instrumental in protein synthesis; smooth - processes lipids fats and steroids






28. Site of protein synthesis. Free ribosomes - float unattached; attached ribosomes - attached to the ER






29. Stalk that supports the flower






30. Cell division which produces two identical cells






31. Production of a chemical compound by a living organism






32. Numerous folds in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion - the site of cellular respiration






33. Pores which allows materials to move in and out of the cell nucleus






34. Small - dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of RNA proteins begins






35. Classication of plant which produce seeds which are 'naked' (in cones)






36. Particle made up of DNA - RNA - protein - and in some cases lipids that can only replicate only by infecting living cells






37. Transport of a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient






38. A substance that must join with the enzyme to enable it to fit the substrate






39. The second phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell






40. Body of a chloroplast containing grana






41. Powerhouse of the cell - organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production






42. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid






43. Classification of plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary - inside a flower






44. Smallest unit of most living things






45. Passive transport of materials across a plasma membrane by transport proteins embedded in the plasma membrane






46. Projections on cell membrane increase surface area






47. Bead-like structure in chromatin - composed of a short length of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins






48. Theory which suggests mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic organisms in a symbiotic relationship with eykorytic cells






49. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






50. Stores - packages and ships proteins