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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Social Sciences And History
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
,
history
Instructions:
Answer 41 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believed that society follows a natural evolutionary path toward something better.
interpretative
generalization
Herbert Spencer
conflict theory
2. Initiated from actual observation and built into a general theory.
Harriet Martineau
Talcott Parsons
control
generalization
3. Proceeds from general ideas - knowledge - or understanding of the social world from which specific hypotheses are logically deduced and tested.
qualitative methods
metaphysical stage
deductive theory
generalization
4. Observed England's social patterns during social change in Europe (1802 - 1876).
qualitative methods
Harriet Martineau
inductive theory
random sample
5. Personal observation and description of social life in order to explain behavior - this methods entails the loss of precision but achieves a deeper grasp of the texture of social life.
verstehen
quantitative methods
structural functionalism
qualitative methods
6. A relationship that exists when a change in one variable coincides with - but does not cause - a change in another variable.
systematic sampling
sociologist
correlational relationship
C. Wright Mills
7. The quality of mind that seeks to expand the role of freedom - choice - and conscious decision in history by means of knowledge. Personal troubles often reflect broader social issues and problems.
positive stage
causal relationship
interpretative
sociological imagination
8. Generated from theory and tested through actual observation.
Emile Durkheim
hypothesis
humanistic perspective
metaphysical stage
9. A group of subjects exposed to a particular condition in a study.
independent variable
experimental group
conflict theory
representative sample
10. The theoretical giant of communist thought whose prophecies are still hotly debated.
Karl Marx
social sciences
systematic sampling
stratified sampling
11. A sample where every member of the population has the same chance of being chose for a study - and selecting as many as are thought necessary to achieve representativeness.
Emile Durkheim
random sample
control group
metaphysical stage
12. A type of sampling that uses the differences that already exist in a population as the basis for selecting a sample i.e. - male/female. The researcher can then determine the percentage of each group - then randomly select a number of persons to be st
stratified sampling
conflict theory
interpretative
explanatory survey
13. A group of subjects not exposed to the same condition as an experimental group.
independent variable
Herbert Spencer
control group
experimental group
14. One who focuses on a number of different levels of analysis in understanding social life - social interaction within groups - social structure.
sociologist
Robert Merton
causal relationship
control group
15. A research method where subjects are interviewed about their opinions - beliefs - behavior - in a series of questions - to aid the researcher in collecting information about general population characteristics or collecting information about some even
control
conflict theory
sociological imagination
survey method
16. Concerned with psychology with its emphasis on behavior and mental processes - social life - economic with its emphasis on production - distribution - and consumption of goods - political science with emphasis on political philosophy and forms of gov
social sciences
deductive theory
Harriet Martineau
Talcott Parsons
17. Researcher try to understand either causal or correlational relationships between variables - either independent or dependent variables.
sociological imagination
Karl Marx
correlational relationship
explanatory survey
18. A means to advance human welfare through self-realization - full development of the cultivated personality - improvement of the human social condition.
explanatory survey
qualitative methods
humanistic perspective
scientific perspective
19. Making use of statistical and other mathematical techniques of quantification or measurement in an effort to describe and interpret observations.
control
deductive theory
quantitative methods
systematic sampling
20. A type of sampling where the nth unit in a list is selected for inclusion in the sample. For example - every 50th resident listed in a phone book of a given area.
generalization
conflict theory
control
systematic sampling
21. Auguste Comte's belief that scientists look to the real world for an explanation of what is observed.
conflict theory
explanatory survey
verstehen
metaphysical stage
22. A technique of differentiating between factors that may or may not influence the relationship between variable.
Herbert Spencer
Harriet Martineau
control
Auguste Comte
23. Perspectives of symbolic interaction - dramaturgy - and ethnomethodology.
systematic sampling
interpretative
humanistic perspective
deductive theory
24. Studied suicide.
theological stage
Emile Durkheim
sociology
qualitative methods
25. Proposed building middle range theories from a limited number of assumptions for which hypotheses are derived. Also distinguished between manifest or intended - latent unintended - consequences of existing elements of social structure that are either
conflict theory
interpretative
Robert Merton
verstehen
26. Believed that a certain quality of mind is required in order to understand ourselves in relation to society.
positive stage
Auguste Comte
survey method
C. Wright Mills
27. Advocated grand theory - involving the building of a theory of society based on aspects of the real world to form a society as a stable system of interrelated parts.
scientific perspective
Talcott Parsons
stratified sampling
interpretative
28. A sample that is relatively accurate in reflecting the population from which it is drawn.
C. Wright Mills
deductive theory
representative sample
verstehen
29. When a change in one variable causes or forces a change in another variable.
positive stage
causal relationship
C. Wright Mills
sociological imagination
30. Proceeds from the concrete observations from which general conclusions are inferred through a process of reasoning.
survey method
sociology
inductive theory
Auguste Comte
31. One of three approaches to recent sociology studies. Views society as being characterized by conflict and inequality. Questions such factors as race - gender - social class - and age and the unequal distribution of socially valued goods and rewards (
sociologist
representative sample
conflict theory
Auguste Comte
32. Auguste Comte's belief that the definitive stage of all knowledge in the search for general ideas or laws. With such knowledge of how society is held together and how society changes - predictions on how people will react can be made - therefore cont
positive stage
Emile Durkheim
metaphysical stage
sociology
33. The science or discipline that studies societies - social groups - and the relationships between people.
systematic sampling
sociology
representative sample
independent variable
34. A variable that is being influenced by another variable.
dependent variable
theological stage
verstehen
Talcott Parsons
35. One that influences another variable.
Robert Merton
explanatory survey
interpretative
independent variable
36. Developed by Max Weber as a means of characterizing and interpreting by applying reason to external and inner context of specific social situations - such as the origins of Western capitalism.
sociology
social sciences
verstehen
survey method
37. Sought to explain the origins of capitalism.
quantitative methods
Max Weber
interpretative
qualitative methods
38. Auguste Comte's belief that scientists look toward the supernatural realm of ideas for explanation of what is observed.
metaphysical stage
theological stage
structural functionalism
causal relationship
39. Inspired by writings of Emile Durkeim and Herbert Spencer which said the components of a society are interdependent - with each one serving a function necessary for the survival of the system as a whole.
positive stage
structural functionalism
Karl Marx
explanatory survey
40. Primarily concerned with acquiring objective empirical knowledge and not with the uses to which such knowledge is put. Concerned with 'what it' and not with 'what should be.'
scientific perspective
dependent variable
Auguste Comte
explanatory survey
41. Coined the term sociology in 1838 to demarcate the field - its subject matter - and methods.
causal relationship
Auguste Comte
generalization
Harriet Martineau