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CLEP Western Civilization: WW 1 - Early 20th century

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any of several private paramilitary groups that first appeared in December 1918 in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.






2. Totalitarian movement led by Adolf Hitler as head of the Nazi Party in Germany. It shared many elements with Italian fascism - but it was far more extreme both in its ideas and in its practice.






3. German admiral - the chief builder of the German Navy in the 17 years preceding World War I and a dominant personality of the emperor William II's reign.






4. The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne; he married a commoner - which caused a great deal of controversy; assassinated in Sarajevo - Bosnia






5. The failed Allied invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula of Turkey along the Dardanelles strait that followed an unsuccessful attempt by the Royal Navy to breach Constantinople






6. Series of agreements whereby Germany - France - Belgium - Great Britain - and Italy mutually guaranteed peace in western Europe. The treaties were initialed at Locarno - Switz. - on October 16 and signed in London on December 1.






7. Itinerant monk - whose influence over Russia's royal family had a malign effect






8. Emperor of Germany; he fired Bismarck






9. An excellent American rifleman who earned the Congressional Medal of Honor for single-handedly capturing a small division of German soldiers






10. Supreme German Commander on the German Western Front






11. Weapons: flamethrower - machine gun - poison gas - Artillery vehicles: tanks - aircraft - U-boat






12. The assassin of Franz Ferdinand






13. U.S. Army officer who early advocated a separate U.S. air force and greater preparedness in military aviation. He was court-martialed for his outspoken views and did not live to see the fulfillment during World War II of many of his prophecies: strat






14. Series of relentless German assaults on a network of French forts astride the road to Paris - designed to bleed the French Army white. Although a tactical French victory - the casualties were horrendous (over 700 -000)






15. The originally-French territories that were annexed by Germans






16. The Treaty that included the terms of surrender for the Germans after WWI - which the United States Congress refused to sign






17. German commander who was victorious over the Russians at the Battle of Tannenberg






18. Leader of the Social Democratic movement in Germany and a moderate socialist - who was a leader in bringing about the constitution of the Weimar Republic -






19. A secret agreement between Germany and Russia arranged by Otto von Bismarck. The treaty provided that each party would remain neutral if the other became involved in a war with a third great power and that this would not apply if Germany attacked Fra






20. Defeat of the Spanish Pacific fleet by the U.S. Navy - resulting in the fall of the Philippines and contributing to the final U.S. victory in the Spanish-American War






21. One of the thirteen out of the Fourteen Points that was rejected: Adequate guarantees given and taken that ___________ will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.






22. Signed by the United States - Great Britain - Japan - France - and Italy - this agreement restricted the size of each country's navy






23. Leader of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party (from 1920/21) and chancellor (Kanzler) and Fuhrer of Germany (1933-45)






24. Leader of the Russian Bolsheviks






25. One of the thirteen out of the Fourteen Points that was rejected: The Turkish portions of the present ______________ should be assured a secure sovereignty - but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted






26. The first of its kind of battleship in the Royal Navy - named after this new - deadly model






27. The government of Germany from 1919 to 1933






28. Peace settlement signed at Kittery - Maine - U.S. - ending the Russo-Japanese War. According to the terms of the treaty - mediated by Theodore Roosevelt - the defeated Russians recognized Japan as the dominant power in Korea and turned over their lea






29. A series of letters exchanged during World War I - between Husayn ibn 'Ali - emir of Mecca - and Sir Henry McMahon - the British high commissioner in Egypt. In general terms - the correspondence effectively traded British support of an independent Ar






30. Commanding General of the American Expeditionary Force in Europe

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31. The economic policy of the government of the Soviet Union from 1921 to 1928 - representing a temporary retreat from its previous policy of extreme centralization and doctrinaire socialism.






32. Huge German victory over invading Russian armies inn East Prussia - inflicting 78 -000 casualties at a cost of 5 -000. Russians began retreat after this battle






33. Multilateral agreement attempting to eliminate war as an instrument of national policy. It was the most grandiose of a series of peacekeeping efforts after World War I.






34. Secret convention made during WWI between Great Britain and France - with the assent of imperial Russia - for the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire. It led to the division of Turkish-held Syria - Iraq - Lebanon - and Palestine into various French-






35. An intercepted German message that helped draw the United States into World War I (1914-1918). The message was an attempt by Germany to persuade Mexico to go to war against the United States






36. Signed by the United States - Great Britain - Japan - France - Italy - the Netherlands - Portugal - Belgium - and China - this agreement affirmed China's sovereignty - independence - and territorial integrity and gave all nations the right to do busi






37. King of the United Kingdom from 1910 to 1936 - the second son of Prince Albert Edward - later King Edward VII






38. French General and Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe (except for American forces) in WWI






39. [needs definition]






40. Signed by Benito Mussolini for the Italian government and by cardinal secretary of state Pietro Gasparri for the papacy and confirmed by the Italian constitution of 1948 - this treaty gave the papacy control of the Vatican City in exchange for recogn






41. Emperor of Austria-Hungary






42. The Prussian strategy to attack France by going through Belgium - march from the west of Paris towards the French rear - and then crushing the French forces in the 'Nutcracker'






43. One of the thirteen out of the Fourteen Points that was rejected: ______________________ - outside territorial waters - alike in peace and in war - except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of in






44. Adolf Hitler's attempt to start an insurrection in Germany against the Weimar Republic on Nov. 8-9 - 1923. Hitler and his small Nazi Party associated themselves with General Erich Ludendorff - a right-wing German military leader of World War I






45. A political and military pact that developed between France and Russia from friendly contacts in 1891 to a secret treaty in 1894; it became one of the basic European alignments of the pre-World War I era






46. Prime Minister of France during WWI






47. One of the thirteen out of the Fourteen Points that was rejected: ____________ - openly arrived at - after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.






48. Second renegotiation of Germany's World War I reparation payments. A new committee - chaired by the American Owen D. Young - met in Paris on Feb. 11 - 1929 - to revise the Dawes Plan of 1924. Its report (June 7 - 1929) - accepted with minor changes -






49. Franco-German dispute over control of the provinces of Alsace-Lorraine - Disintegration of European Turkey - Bosnian Crisis of 1908 - The fragility of European politics






50. This event marked the end of fighting in WWI