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Comptia Security +: Cryptography

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Symmetric cryptography - asymmetric cryptography - and hashes provide __________






2. RSA - Diffie and Hellman - Elliptic Curve (EC) - DSS (Digital Signature Standard) - El Gamal - Merkel-Hellman






3. Altering the form of a message to disguise its meaning






4. Most widely used tunneling protocol - over port 1723 - data carried in an IP tunnel over Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)






5. Mechanism for message authentication that uses one of two algorithms (SHA-1 or MDF5) in combination with a shared secret key - also known as keyed hashing






6. Process of transforming ciphertext into plaintext (decipherment)






7. Digital signature standard that uses 2 algorithms: RSA and DSA (based on El Gamal) - both use the Secure Hash Standard (SHA-1)






8. Sender/receiver share the same key - fast - provides confidentiality - key management issue






9. An internet email standard format specifying how multimedia and attachments are handled






10. Block and stream






11. A cryptographic communications protocol at the transport layer that provides public key encryption (RSA or Diffie-Helman) - data encryption (IDEA - DES - 3DES) - server authentication - message integrity (MD5 or SHA-1) - and client authentication.






12. The cipher considered unbreakable in practice - uses XOR - also called the Vernam cipher






13. Enciphers fixed-size blocks of bits using substitution and permutation






14. AES Encryption standard used to protect sensitive but ________ - default key 128






15. Uses symmetric key for integrity and confidentiality (bulk transaction) and asymmetric key for authentication - nonrepudiation - and key exchange






16. Asymmetric cryptography - hashes - and digital signatures provide __________






17. Free email security program that uses several algorithms - symmetric (IDEA) - asymmetric (RSA) and hashes (SHA1) and the web of trust






18. Provides integrity - authentication - and non-repudiation by encrypting a message digest with a private key






19. Tunneling protocol originally used on UNIX - uses port 22 - typically used for remote administration - replaces telnet and FTP






20. Symmetric cryptography with MAC - asymmetric cryptography - and hashes provide __________






21. Two different pieces of data have the same hash value






22. Unencrypted text - also called cleartext






23. Process of transforming plaintext into unreadable format






24. HMAC stands for...






25. PPTP - L2TP - IPSec - and SSH






26. Encryption standard broken in 1998 - has a relatively short key length






27. Has a transport and tunnel mode - tunnel mode is used to create VPN connections






28. Provides digests in different lengths including 224 - 256 - 384 - and 512






29. Based on use of one private/secret key - does NOT provide authentication or nonrepudiation - uses MAC






30. For encrypting web communications - uses Cryptographic Messaging Syntax (CMS) to protect individual message and response






31. Selected by NIST for cryptographic hash functions for public use - 160 bit length






32. A secure cryptoprocessor embedded in the motherboard used to authenticate a hardware device - TPM stands for






33. Encrypted text - also called cryptogram






34. PKI standard






35. Security enhancement for MIME - provides signed (SHA-1) and encrypted (RSA and Diffe-Helman) email messasges






36. Common tunneling protocol integrated in Windows - works well with NAT - maybe blocked at firewall






37. A protocol suite for securing network connections using IKE - AH - and ESP






38. Pads messages to a length of 512 bits - then compresses to generate a 128 bit hash value






39. Technique of encapsulating one packet of data within another type to create a secure link of transportation






40. Encrypting all data on a disk using common algorithms (AES) - requires a key (passpharse - USB key) in memory to decrypt disk






41. Protects against removing or installing a bogus hard drive using sealing (measuring system variables - BIOS - boot sector - firmware)






42. Data encryption standard derived from IBM Lucifer algorithm - 56-bit key - 64-bit block - uses the Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA)






43. An algorithm developed to secure wireless - improperly implemented RC4 - only had a 40 bit key






44. Based on two keys - public and private - one-way function: a key cannot decrypt what it encrypts - provides confidentiality - authentication - integrity - and nonrepudiation - Discovered by Diffie and Hellman - also known as public key






45. Cipher block chaining (CBC) - cipher feedback (CFB) - electronic code book (ECB) and output feedback (OFB)






46. Password storage hash for Windows XP - separates password into two 7 character parts and converts to upper case






47. Cryptographic algorithm that operates on plaintext - one bit at a time - and enciphers with a random generated "key stream" using substitution






48. Developed to strengthen DES - uses 3 keys (key clustering) to encrypt 3 times






49. Art of hiding communications - i.e. hide information in graphic files - sound files - or slack space.






50. A special mathematical function that peforms one way encryption - popular algorithms are SHA and MD - used to verify message/file integrity and passwords







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