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CRISC Information Systems Control
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certifications
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crisc
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it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Business impact analysis/assessment (BIA)
The discipline by which an enterprise in any industry assesses - controls - exploits - finances and monitors risk from all sources for the purpose of increasing the enterprise's short- and long-term value to its stakeholders
Anything (e.g. - object - substance - human) that is capable of acting against an asset in a manner that can result in harm. Scope Note: A potential cause of an unwanted incident (ISO/IEC 13335)
Evaluating the criticality and sensitivity of information assets. An exercise that determines the impact of losing the support of any resource to an enterprise - establishes the escalation of that loss over time - identifies the minimum resources nee
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
2. Recovery point objective (RPO)
enterprise risk management
Something of either tangible or intangible value that is worth protecting - including people - information - infrastructure - finances and reputation
Determined based on the acceptable data loss in case of a disruption of operations. It indicates the earliest point in time that is acceptable to recover the data. The RPO effectively quantifies the permissible amount of data loss in case of interrup
The business risk associated with the use - ownership - operation - involvement - influence and adoption of IT within an enterprise
3. Risk indicator
1. An instance of IT risk 2. A combination of control - value and threat conditions that impose a noteworthy level of IT risk
A method/process by which management and staff of all levels collectively identify and evaluate risk and controls with their business areas. This may be under the guidance of a facilitator such as an auditor or risk manager.
risk management information systems
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
4. Resilience
Documentation of the rationale for making a business investment - used both to support a business decision on whether to proceed with the investment and as an operational tool to support management of the investment through its full economic life cyc
Guarding against improper information modification or destruction - and includes ensuring information non-repudiation and authenticity
The ability of a system or network to resist failure or to recover quickly from any disruption - usually with minimal recognizable effect
The combination of strategic - managerial and operational activities involved in gathering - processing - storing - distributing and using information and its related technologies Scope Note: Information systems are distinct from information technolo
5. Business goal
A group of people integrated at the enterprise with clear lines of reporting and responsibilities for standby support in case of an information systems emergency. This group will act as an efficient corrective control - and should also act as a singl
The translation of the enterprise's mission from a statement of intention into performance targets and results
Any event during which a material increase in vulnerability results. Note that this increase in vulnerability can result from changes in control conditions or from changes in threat capability/force.
Business Process Reengineering
6. Magnitude
Exists to detect and report when errors - omissions and unauthorized uses or entries occur
commission
The phases deployed in the development or acquisition of a software system. Scope Note: SDLC is an approach used to plan - design - develop - test and implement an application system or a major modification to an application system. Typical phases of
A measure of the potential severity of loss or the potential gain from realized events/scenarios
7. RMF
The permission or privileges granted to users - programs or workstations to create - change - delete or view data and files within a system - as defined by rules established by data owners and the information security policy
Guarding against improper information modification or destruction - and includes ensuring information non-repudiation and authenticity
risk management framework
enterprise risk management
8. Risk factor
A group of people integrated at the enterprise with clear lines of reporting and responsibilities for standby support in case of an information systems emergency. This group will act as an efficient corrective control - and should also act as a singl
A condition that can influence the frequency and/or magnitude and - ultimately - the business impact of IT-related events/scenarios
A (graphic) tool for ranking and displaying risk by defined ranges for frequency and magnitude
international electrotechnical commission
9. CRISC
certified in risk and information systems control
A repository of the key attributes of potential and known IT risk issues. Attributes may include name - description - owner - expected/actual frequency - potential/actual magnitude - potential/actual business impact - disposition.
Any event during which a material increase in vulnerability results. Note that this increase in vulnerability can result from changes in control conditions or from changes in threat capability/force.
A measure that determines how well the process is performing in enabling the goal to be reached. Scope Note: A lead indicator of whether a goal will likely be reached - and a good indicator of capabilities - practices and skills. It measures an activ
10. BCP
business continuity planning
Business Process Reengineering
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
The process for systematically avoiding risk - constituting one approach to managing risk
11. CSF
Determined based on the acceptable data loss in case of a disruption of operations. It indicates the earliest point in time that is acceptable to recover the data. The RPO effectively quantifies the permissible amount of data loss in case of interrup
Business Process Reengineering
Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology
critical success factor
12. Threat event
Determined based on the acceptable data loss in case of a disruption of operations. It indicates the earliest point in time that is acceptable to recover the data. The RPO effectively quantifies the permissible amount of data loss in case of interrup
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
statistical process control
Any event during which a threat element/actor acts against an asset in a manner that has the potential to directly result in harm
13. Risk portfolio view
1. A method to identify interdependencies and interconnections among risk - as well as the effect of risk responses on multiple types of risk 2. A method to estimate the aggregate impact of multiple types of risk (e.g. - cascading and coincidental th
An evaluation of the type - scope and nature of events or actions that can result in adverse consequences; identification of the threats that exist against enterprise assets Scope Note: The threat analysis usually defines the level of threat and the
expected loss
Determined based on the acceptable data loss in case of a disruption of operations. It indicates the earliest point in time that is acceptable to recover the data. The RPO effectively quantifies the permissible amount of data loss in case of interrup
14. Risk mitigation
A group of people integrated at the enterprise with clear lines of reporting and responsibilities for standby support in case of an information systems emergency. This group will act as an efficient corrective control - and should also act as a singl
commission
1. The risk level or exposure without taking into account the actions that management has taken or might take (e.g. -implementing controls) 2. The risk that a material error could occur - assuming that there are no related internal controls to preven
The management of risk through the use of countermeasures and controls
15. RCSA
1. The act of verifying identity (i.e. - user - system) Scope Note: Risk: Can also refer to the verification of the correctness of a piece of data 2. The act of verifying the identity of a user and the user's eligibility to access computerized inform
A further development of the business goals into tactical targets and desired results and outcomes
risk control self assessment
1. A process by which frequency and magnitude of IT risk scenarios are estimated. 2. The initial steps of risk management: analyzing the value of assets to the business - identifying threats to those assets and evaluating how vulnerable each asset is
16. Loss event
Any event during which a threat event results in loss. Scope Note: From Jones - J.; 'FAIR Taxonomy -' Risk Management Insight - USA - 2008
1. Information that proves or disproves a stated issue 2. Information that an auditor gathers in the course of performing an IS audit; relevant if it pertains to the audit objectives and has a logical relationship to the findings and conclusions it i
The process for systematically avoiding risk - constituting one approach to managing risk
Guarding against improper information modification or destruction - and includes ensuring information non-repudiation and authenticity
17. Business continuity plan (BCP)
A plan used by an enterprise to respond to disruption of critical business processes. Depends on the contingency plan for restoration of critical systems
enterprise risk management
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
1. Information that proves or disproves a stated issue 2. Information that an auditor gathers in the course of performing an IS audit; relevant if it pertains to the audit objectives and has a logical relationship to the findings and conclusions it i
18. Access rights
The permission or privileges granted to users - programs or workstations to create - change - delete or view data and files within a system - as defined by rules established by data owners and the information security policy
The process of assigning risk to another enterprise - usually through the purchase of an insurance policy or by outsourcing the service
British Standards Institution
1. Information that proves or disproves a stated issue 2. Information that an auditor gathers in the course of performing an IS audit; relevant if it pertains to the audit objectives and has a logical relationship to the findings and conclusions it i
19. IT risk issue
A further development of the business goals into tactical targets and desired results and outcomes
critical success factor
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
1. An instance of IT risk 2. A combination of control - value and threat conditions that impose a noteworthy level of IT risk
20. Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
The combination of strategic - managerial and operational activities involved in gathering - processing - storing - distributing and using information and its related technologies Scope Note: Information systems are distinct from information technolo
Any event during which a threat element/actor acts against an asset in a manner that has the potential to directly result in harm
1. Contains the essential elements of effective processes for one or more disciplines. It also describes an evolutionary improvement path from ad hoc - immature processes to disciplined - mature processes with improved quality and effectiveness. 2. C
The processes - rules and deployment mechanisms that control access to information systems - resources and physical access to premises
21. Risk tolerance
1. A method to identify interdependencies and interconnections among risk - as well as the effect of risk responses on multiple types of risk 2. A method to estimate the aggregate impact of multiple types of risk (e.g. - cascading and coincidental th
The acceptable level of variation that management is willing to allow for any particular risk as the enterprise pursues its objectives
1. An instance of IT risk 2. A combination of control - value and threat conditions that impose a noteworthy level of IT risk
risk management information systems
22. Business case
Any event during which a threat event results in loss. Scope Note: From Jones - J.; 'FAIR Taxonomy -' Risk Management Insight - USA - 2008
A description of the overall (identified) IT risk to which the enterprise is exposed
The process for systematically avoiding risk - constituting one approach to managing risk
Documentation of the rationale for making a business investment - used both to support a business decision on whether to proceed with the investment and as an operational tool to support management of the investment through its full economic life cyc
23. IT risk register
committee of sponsoring organizations
commission
A repository of the key attributes of potential and known IT risk issues. Attributes may include name - description - owner - expected/actual frequency - potential/actual magnitude - potential/actual business impact - disposition.
A probable situation with uncertain frequency and magnitude of loss (or gain)
24. Internal controls
The set of hardware - software and facilities that integrates an enterprise's IT assets. Scope Note: Specifically - the equipment (including servers - routers - switches and cabling) - software - services and products used in storing - processing - t
The policies - procedures - practices and organizational structures designed to provide reasonable assurance that business
statistical process control
risk management framework
25. Inherent risk
Any event during which a material increase in vulnerability results. Note that this increase in vulnerability can result from changes in control conditions or from changes in threat capability/force.
A measure of the potential severity of loss or the potential gain from realized events/scenarios
1. The risk level or exposure without taking into account the actions that management has taken or might take (e.g. -implementing controls) 2. The risk that a material error could occur - assuming that there are no related internal controls to preven
The translation of the enterprise's mission from a statement of intention into performance targets and results
26. ERM
1. Information that proves or disproves a stated issue 2. Information that an auditor gathers in the course of performing an IS audit; relevant if it pertains to the audit objectives and has a logical relationship to the findings and conclusions it i
For the purpose of IT risk management - one of three possible sorts of events: threat event - loss event and vulnerability event. Scope Note: Being able to consistently and effectively differentiate the different types of events that contribute to ri
enterprise risk management
A method/process by which management and staff of all levels collectively identify and evaluate risk and controls with their business areas. This may be under the guidance of a facilitator such as an auditor or risk manager.
27. Preventive control
Ensures that stakeholder needs - conditions and options are evaluated to determine balanced - agreed-on enterprise objectives to be achieved; setting direction through prioritization and decision making; and monitoring performance and compliance agai
The current and prospective effect on earnings and capital arising from negative public opinion. Scope Note: Reputation risk affects a bank's ability to establish new relationships or services - or to continue servicing existing relationships. It may
An internal control that is used to avoid undesirable events - errors and other occurrences that an enterprise has determined could have a negative material effect on a process or end product
A weakness in the design - implementation - operation or internal control of a process that could expose the system to adverse threats from threat events
28. RMIS
An evaluation of the type - scope and nature of events or actions that can result in adverse consequences; identification of the threats that exist against enterprise assets Scope Note: The threat analysis usually defines the level of threat and the
statistical process control
The net effect - positive or negative - on the achievement of business objectives
risk management information systems
29. CMU
Carnegie Mellon University
The set of hardware - software and facilities that integrates an enterprise's IT assets. Scope Note: Specifically - the equipment (including servers - routers - switches and cabling) - software - services and products used in storing - processing - t
Any event during which a threat element/actor acts against an asset in a manner that has the potential to directly result in harm
1. The risk level or exposure without taking into account the actions that management has taken or might take (e.g. -implementing controls) 2. The risk that a material error could occur - assuming that there are no related internal controls to preven
30. Confidentiality
Preserving authorized restrictions on access and disclosure - including means for protecting privacy and proprietary information
The description of an IT-related event that can lead to a business impact IT-related incident An IT-related event that causes an operational - developmental and/or strategic business impact
Ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information. Balanced scorecard (BSC) Developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton as a coherent set of performance measures organized into four categories that includes traditional financial mea
The process of assigning risk to another enterprise - usually through the purchase of an insurance policy or by outsourcing the service
31. standards publisher of IT Audit and Assurance
Documentation of the rationale for making a business investment - used both to support a business decision on whether to proceed with the investment and as an operational tool to support management of the investment through its full economic life cyc
Standards standards published by: ISACA
The set of hardware - software and facilities that integrates an enterprise's IT assets. Scope Note: Specifically - the equipment (including servers - routers - switches and cabling) - software - services and products used in storing - processing - t
The set of projects owned by a company. Scope Note: It usually includes the main guidelines relative to each project - including objectives - costs - time lines and other information specific to the project.
32. MAGERIT
The amount of risk - on a broad level - that an entity is willing to accept in pursuit of its mission
The amount of time allowed for the recovery of a business function or resource after a disaster occurs
international electrotechnical commission
Methodology for Information Systems Risk Analysis and Management
33. Risk avoidance
The process for systematically avoiding risk - constituting one approach to managing risk
statistical process control
A description of the overall (identified) IT risk to which the enterprise is exposed
The amount of time allowed for the recovery of a business function or resource after a disaster occurs
34. Evidence
1. The risk level or exposure without taking into account the actions that management has taken or might take (e.g. -implementing controls) 2. The risk that a material error could occur - assuming that there are no related internal controls to preven
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
1. Information that proves or disproves a stated issue 2. Information that an auditor gathers in the course of performing an IS audit; relevant if it pertains to the audit objectives and has a logical relationship to the findings and conclusions it i
A measure of the rate by which events occur over a certain period of time
35. Application controls
A set of human - physical - technical and procedural resources to recover - within a defined time and cost - an activity interrupted by an emergency or disaster
A enterprise to automate and integrate the majority of its planning. System packaged business software system that allows an business processes - share common data and practices across the entire enterprise - and produce and access information in a r
The policies - procedures and activities designed to provide reasonable assurance that objectives relevant to a given automated solution (application) are achieved
The description of an IT-related event that can lead to a business impact IT-related incident An IT-related event that causes an operational - developmental and/or strategic business impact
36. EL
expected loss
An aptitude - competency or resource that an enterprise may possess or require at an enterprise - business function or individual level that has the potential - or is required - to contribute to a business outcome and to create value
A plan used by an enterprise to respond to disruption of critical business processes. Depends on the contingency plan for restoration of critical systems
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
37. IT infrastructure
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
1. The risk level or exposure without taking into account the actions that management has taken or might take (e.g. -implementing controls) 2. The risk that a material error could occur - assuming that there are no related internal controls to preven
The set of hardware - software and facilities that integrates an enterprise's IT assets. Scope Note: Specifically - the equipment (including servers - routers - switches and cabling) - software - services and products used in storing - processing - t
A plan of action or set of procedures to be performed if a system implementation - upgrade or modification does not work as intended Scope Note: May involve restoring the system to its state prior to the implementation or change. Fallback procedures
38. Risk culture
Ensures that stakeholder needs - conditions and options are evaluated to determine balanced - agreed-on enterprise objectives to be achieved; setting direction through prioritization and decision making; and monitoring performance and compliance agai
Preserving authorized restrictions on access and disclosure - including means for protecting privacy and proprietary information
The set of shared values and beliefs that governs attitudes toward risk-taking - care and integrity - and determines how openly risk and losses are reported and discussed
Failure modes effects analysis
39. Residual risk
The processes - rules and deployment mechanisms that control access to information systems - resources and physical access to premises
An aptitude - competency or resource that an enterprise may possess or require at an enterprise - business function or individual level that has the potential - or is required - to contribute to a business outcome and to create value
The set of hardware - software and facilities that integrates an enterprise's IT assets. Scope Note: Specifically - the equipment (including servers - routers - switches and cabling) - software - services and products used in storing - processing - t
The remaining risk after management has implemented a risk response
40. Business objective
The process of assigning risk to another enterprise - usually through the purchase of an insurance policy or by outsourcing the service
A further development of the business goals into tactical targets and desired results and outcomes
critical success factor
international organization for standards
41. Vulnerability event
The discipline by which an enterprise in any industry assesses - controls - exploits - finances and monitors risk from all sources for the purpose of increasing the enterprise's short- and long-term value to its stakeholders
Any event during which a material increase in vulnerability results. Note that this increase in vulnerability can result from changes in control conditions or from changes in threat capability/force.
critical success factor
1. An instance of IT risk 2. A combination of control - value and threat conditions that impose a noteworthy level of IT risk
42. Reputation risk
A metric capable of showing that the enterprise is subject to - or has a high probability of being subject to - a risk that exceeds the defined risk appetite Risk management 1. The coordinated activities to direct and control an enterprise with regar
1. Contains the essential elements of effective processes for one or more disciplines. It also describes an evolutionary improvement path from ad hoc - immature processes to disciplined - mature processes with improved quality and effectiveness. 2. C
Preserving authorized restrictions on access and disclosure - including means for protecting privacy and proprietary information
The current and prospective effect on earnings and capital arising from negative public opinion. Scope Note: Reputation risk affects a bank's ability to establish new relationships or services - or to continue servicing existing relationships. It may
43. ISO
international organization for standards
1. Contains the essential elements of effective processes for one or more disciplines. It also describes an evolutionary improvement path from ad hoc - immature processes to disciplined - mature processes with improved quality and effectiveness. 2. C
The set of projects owned by a company. Scope Note: It usually includes the main guidelines relative to each project - including objectives - costs - time lines and other information specific to the project.
risk control self assessment
44. Key risk indicator (KRI)
The ability of a system or network to resist failure or to recover quickly from any disruption - usually with minimal recognizable effect
A set of human - physical - technical and procedural resources to recover - within a defined time and cost - an activity interrupted by an emergency or disaster
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
The process for systematically avoiding risk - constituting one approach to managing risk
45. Vulnerability
A (graphic) tool for ranking and displaying risk by defined ranges for frequency and magnitude
A weakness in the design - implementation - operation or internal control of a process that could expose the system to adverse threats from threat events
The net effect - positive or negative - on the achievement of business objectives
A measure of the potential severity of loss or the potential gain from realized events/scenarios
46. BPR
The management of risk through the use of countermeasures and controls
operationally critical threat and vulnerability evaluation
Business Process Reengineering
The process of integrating risk assessments at a corporate level to obtain a complete view on the overall risk for the enterprise
47. Business risk
Any event during which a material increase in vulnerability results. Note that this increase in vulnerability can result from changes in control conditions or from changes in threat capability/force.
A group of people integrated at the enterprise with clear lines of reporting and responsibilities for standby support in case of an information systems emergency. This group will act as an efficient corrective control - and should also act as a singl
A probable situation with uncertain frequency and magnitude of loss (or gain)
An internal control that is used to avoid undesirable events - errors and other occurrences that an enterprise has determined could have a negative material effect on a process or end product
48. Asset
certified in risk and information systems control
Anything (e.g. - object - substance - human) that is capable of acting against an asset in a manner that can result in harm. Scope Note: A potential cause of an unwanted incident (ISO/IEC 13335)
For the purpose of IT risk management - one of three possible sorts of events: threat event - loss event and vulnerability event. Scope Note: Being able to consistently and effectively differentiate the different types of events that contribute to ri
Something of either tangible or intangible value that is worth protecting - including people - information - infrastructure - finances and reputation
49. treadway
A enterprise to automate and integrate the majority of its planning. System packaged business software system that allows an business processes - share common data and practices across the entire enterprise - and produce and access information in a r
risk control self assessment
British Standards Institution
commission
50. Risk aggregation
A subset of risk indicators that are highly relevant and possess a high probability of predicting or indicating important risk. Scope Note: See also Risk Indicator.
The process of integrating risk assessments at a corporate level to obtain a complete view on the overall risk for the enterprise
Something that happens at a specific place and/or time
A plan of action or set of procedures to be performed if a system implementation - upgrade or modification does not work as intended Scope Note: May involve restoring the system to its state prior to the implementation or change. Fallback procedures
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