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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






2. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






3. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






4. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






5. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






6. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






7. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






8. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






9. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






10. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






11. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






12. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






13. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






14. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






15. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






16. Solids - liquids - and gases






17. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






18. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






19. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






20. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






21. Made up of molecules with the composition H20 - One _____ molecule is built from two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen






22. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






23. The number of waves produced in a given time






24. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10


25. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam


26. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






27. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






28. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






29. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element






30. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






31. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


32. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






33. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






34. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






35. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






36. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






37. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






38. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






39. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






40. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






41. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well


42. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






43. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






44. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






45. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






46. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course


47. The top of a wave's 'hill'






48. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers






49. The shortest wavelength; red is the longest






50. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing