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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unlike incandescent lamps - fluorescent lamps always require a ______ to regulate the flow of power through the lamp






2. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






3. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






4. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






5. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






6. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






7. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






8. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






9. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






10. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






11. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






12. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






13. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






14. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction


15. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






16. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






17. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






18. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






19. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






20. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






21. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection






22. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






23. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






24. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






25. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






26. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






27. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






28. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum






29. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






30. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






31. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






32. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






33. Formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio Example: water






34. The portion of the light that crosses the boundary is - however - deflected in another direction - and the ______ does not equal the angle of incidence






35. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






36. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






37. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






38. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






39. The number of waves produced in a given time






40. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






41. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






42. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






43. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






44. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






45. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


46. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






47. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






48. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






49. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






50. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute