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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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2. Account for 17 elements in the periodic table - Lack the properties of metals but are very common - Include oxygen - nitrogen - and carbon - 7 metalloid elements - and 7 gases - Poor conductors of electricity






3. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






4. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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5. Temperature scale -0






6. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






7. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






8. A hypothesis is an attempt to answer the question or predict the outcome - - A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations






9. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






10. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






11. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






12. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






13. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth






14. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






15. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)

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16. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






17. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






18. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






19. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






20. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum






21. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






22. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






23. A temperature interval of one degree F is an interval of 5/9 of a degree C - The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales coincide at -40






24. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






25. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






26. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






27. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






28. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






29. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






30. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






31. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






32. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






33. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






34. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






35. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






36. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






37. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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38. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






39. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






40. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






41. Major greenhouse gases






42. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






43. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






44. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






45. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






46. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






47. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






48. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






49. Some gases can transition directly to a solid Example: the formation of frost






50. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water