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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






2. A hypothesis is an attempt to answer the question or predict the outcome - - A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations






3. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






4. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






5. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






6. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






7. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






8. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






9. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






10. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






11. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






12. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






13. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






14. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






15. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






16. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






17. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






18. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


19. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






20. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






21. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






22. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






23. Made up of molecules with the composition H20 - One _____ molecule is built from two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen






24. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






25. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






26. A form of energy that can be used to produce sound - light - heat - and power - it exists where the number of negative electrons does not precisely equal the number of positive protons - Electrons are held in the atom by an electrical force and have






27. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






28. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element






29. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






30. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






31. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






32. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






33. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






34. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






35. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






36. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






37. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






38. The number of waves produced in a given time






39. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






40. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






41. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






42. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






43. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






44. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






45. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction


46. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






47. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






48. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)






49. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






50. Can multiply force or distance depending on the location of the fulcrum End: Output force Middle: Fulcrum Other end: Input force Examples: seesaws - scissors - pliers