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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course


2. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






3. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






4. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






5. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






6. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






7. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






8. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


9. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






10. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






11. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






12. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






13. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






14. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






15. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam


16. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






17. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






18. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






19. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






20. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






21. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






22. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






23. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






24. A temperature interval of one degree F is an interval of 5/9 of a degree C - The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales coincide at -40






25. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






26. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






27. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






28. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






29. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






30. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






31. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






32. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection






33. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






34. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






35. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






36. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






37. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






38. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






39. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






40. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0






41. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






42. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






43. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






44. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






45. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






46. Solids - liquids - and gases






47. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






48. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






49. Symbol: He Protons: 2 Neutrons: 2 Mass: 4






50. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus