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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam

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2. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






3. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






4. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi






5. A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the __________ and boiling point






6. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






7. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






8. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






9. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






10. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






11. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






12. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






13. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






14. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






15. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses






16. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






17. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






18. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






19. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






20. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






21. The top of a wave's 'hill'






22. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






23. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






24. The beginning of scientific wisdom - The physicist's first reaction to a new idea is to ask: Can it be measured? Can I describe it with numbers?






25. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






26. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






27. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






28. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






29. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






30. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






31. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






32. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






33. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






34. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






35. Major greenhouse gases






36. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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37. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






38. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






39. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






40. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






41. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






42. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






43. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






44. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






45. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






46. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






47. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






48. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






49. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






50. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge