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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






2. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






3. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






4. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






5. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






6. Some gases can transition directly to a solid Example: the formation of frost






7. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






8. The number of waves produced in a given time






9. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






10. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






11. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






12. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers






13. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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14. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






15. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






16. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






17. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam

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18. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






19. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






20. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






21. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






22. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






23. Symbol: He Protons: 2 Neutrons: 2 Mass: 4






24. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






25. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






26. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






27. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






28. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum






29. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






30. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






31. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






32. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






33. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






34. Temperature scale -0






35. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






36. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






37. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






38. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






39. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






40. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






41. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






42. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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43. Can multiply force or distance depending on the location of the fulcrum End: Output force Middle: Fulcrum Other end: Input force Examples: seesaws - scissors - pliers






44. Account for 17 elements in the periodic table - Lack the properties of metals but are very common - Include oxygen - nitrogen - and carbon - 7 metalloid elements - and 7 gases - Poor conductors of electricity






45. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






46. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






47. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






48. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






49. The shortest wavelength; red is the longest






50. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses







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