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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Physical Science 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis
Angle of refraction
Solids
Refractive index
Incandescent light bulb
2. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons
Electrons
Carbon
number of protons
Litmus test
3. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10
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4. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of
Hardness
positive
Pulley/block
presence
5. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object
Gases
Indentation hardness
Electrons
presence
6. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron
The formation of rust
Draw conclusion
Frequency
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
7. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied
Hardness
Light
First - class lever
Newton's second law of motion
8. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)
Forms of energy
Electromagnetic radiation
Test experiment - Step 2 - Set up the procedure
Kinetic and potential energy
9. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected
Simple machine
Incandescent light bulb
chemical symbol
Law of reflection
10. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses
Distillation
chemical symbol
magnetic field
Frequency
11. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge
Carbon dioxide and methane
Boyle's Law
positive
Three states of matter
12. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16
Hardness
Atomic number
Oxygen
Amplitude
13. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
Renewable energy
Boyle's Law
Optics
14. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion
Law of reflection
Nonrenewable energy
Nuclear fusion
Ballast
15. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water
Light
Law of reflection
positive
Gravity
16. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion
Nuclear energy
Renewable energy
chemical symbol
Amplitude
17. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...
Magnetism
Physical properties
Acid rain
Energy
18. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo
Electric circuit
Variables that are controlled
Lever
number of protons
19. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing
pH indicator
positive
Independent variable (manipulated variable)
Forms of energy
20. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions
Carbon dioxide and methane
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
Chemical elements
Energy
21. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration
Inclined plane
Motion
Nuclear energy
Incandescent light bulb
22. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -
pH
The formation of rust
Litmus test
Steps in conducting a scientific investigation
23. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32
Efficiently
nucleus
Fahrenheit (
Law of conservation of energy
24. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons
The formation of rust
Wedge
nucleus
Test experiment - Step 1 - Select the materials
25. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting
chemical symbol
proportional to its mass
Refraction
Pitch
26. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0
Deposition
Metals in the periodic table
pressure and temperature
Oxygen
27. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)
positive
Wavelength
Materials with high conductivity
Violet
28. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water
pH indicator
Rainbow
Thermal energy
Distillation
29. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier
proportional to its mass
Chemical reactions
Mechanical advantage
Electric current
30. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp
Nuclear energy
presence
Hardness
Efficiently
31. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity
Compounds
Wheel and axle
Mechanical advantage
Rebound hardness
32. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter
Physical sciences
Newton's second law of motion
First - class lever
Mixture
33. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c
Thermal energy
Ballast
Wavelength
Refractive index
34. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions
Three states of matter
Simple machine
Litmus test
Optics
35. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel
Renewable energy
Refraction
Third - class lever
Gravitation
36. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well
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37. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal
Renewable energy
pH
Metals in the periodic table
Acceleration
38. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter
Hydrogen
Incandescent light bulb
contrasted
Chemical changes
39. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)
Electric current
ratio of the length of the sloped surface to the height
proportional to its mass
Wavelength
40. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta
The periodic table of the elements
Chemical reactions
presence
Acid rain
41. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob
Physical properties
Heat conduction/Thermal conduction
Thermal radiation
presence
42. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms
Steps in conducting a scientific investigation
Energy
nucleus
Boyle's Law
43. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs
Energy
Screw
Nuclear fission
Amplitude
44. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
Ballast
Atomic number
Electric circuit
Solids
45. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)
Transfer of heat
Sublimination
Current
Acceleration
46. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects
south pole
Convection
Motion
intermediate
47. Energy can be neither created nor destroy
pH indicator
Pitch
Newton's second law of motion
Law of conservation of energy
48. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike
Chemical changes
Metals in the periodic table
Test experiment - Step 1 - Select the materials
south pole
49. The number of waves produced in a given time
Nuclear fission
Newton's second law of motion
Frequency
Hardness
50. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light
Newton's first law of motion
Test experiment - Step 3
Fluorescent lamp/fluorescent tube
freezing point