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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






2. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






3. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






4. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






5. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






6. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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7. Collect Data (results) - Analyze the data to look for patterns or trends - Record measurements and observations during the experiment - Present data in a graph - table - or another form






8. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






9. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






10. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






11. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






12. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






13. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






14. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






15. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






16. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






17. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






18. The beginning of scientific wisdom - The physicist's first reaction to a new idea is to ask: Can it be measured? Can I describe it with numbers?






19. Formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio Example: water






20. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






21. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






22. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






23. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






24. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






25. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






26. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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27. Elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns on the preriodic table to form _____ - Properties of elements change greatly across any one row (period)






28. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






29. Temperature scale -0






30. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






31. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






32. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






33. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






34. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






35. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






36. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






37. Major greenhouse gases






38. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






39. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






40. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






41. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






42. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






43. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






44. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)

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45. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






46. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






47. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






48. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






49. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






50. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied