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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






2. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers






3. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






4. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






5. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






6. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






7. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






8. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course


9. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






10. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






11. The portion of the light that crosses the boundary is - however - deflected in another direction - and the ______ does not equal the angle of incidence






12. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






13. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






14. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


15. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






16. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






17. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






18. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






19. Temperature scale -0






20. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






21. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






22. Solids - liquids - and gases






23. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection






24. Made up of molecules with the composition H20 - One _____ molecule is built from two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen






25. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth






26. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






27. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






28. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






29. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






30. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






31. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






32. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






33. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






34. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






35. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses






36. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






37. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






38. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction


39. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element






40. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






41. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






42. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






43. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






44. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






45. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






46. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






47. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






48. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






49. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






50. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp