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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






2. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






3. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






4. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






5. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






6. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






7. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






8. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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9. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






10. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






11. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






12. Symbol: He Protons: 2 Neutrons: 2 Mass: 4






13. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction

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14. A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the __________ and boiling point






15. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






16. Formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio Example: water






17. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






18. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






19. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






20. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






21. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






22. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






23. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






24. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






25. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






26. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






27. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






28. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






29. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






30. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)

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31. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






32. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel






33. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






34. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






35. Account for 17 elements in the periodic table - Lack the properties of metals but are very common - Include oxygen - nitrogen - and carbon - 7 metalloid elements - and 7 gases - Poor conductors of electricity






36. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






37. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






38. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






39. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






40. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






41. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






42. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






43. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






44. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






45. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






46. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






47. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






48. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






49. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






50. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper