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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






2. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






3. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element






4. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






5. Unlike incandescent lamps - fluorescent lamps always require a ______ to regulate the flow of power through the lamp






6. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






7. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






8. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






9. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






10. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






11. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam

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12. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






13. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






14. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






15. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






16. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






17. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






18. Formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio Example: water






19. The top of a wave's 'hill'






20. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






21. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






22. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






23. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






24. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






25. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






26. Elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns on the preriodic table to form _____ - Properties of elements change greatly across any one row (period)






27. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






28. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






29. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






30. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






31. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






32. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






33. Major greenhouse gases






34. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






35. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






36. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






37. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






38. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






39. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






40. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






41. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






42. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






43. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






44. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






45. Solids - liquids - and gases






46. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






47. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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48. A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the __________ and boiling point






49. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






50. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel