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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






2. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum






3. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0






4. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






5. Collect Data (results) - Analyze the data to look for patterns or trends - Record measurements and observations during the experiment - Present data in a graph - table - or another form






6. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






7. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






8. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






9. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi






10. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






11. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






12. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






13. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






14. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel






15. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






16. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






17. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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18. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






19. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






20. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






21. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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22. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






23. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






24. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






25. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






26. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






27. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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28. The terms gravitation and gravity are mostly interchangeable in everyday use - refers specifically to the gravitational force exerted by the earth on objects in its vicinity






29. The portion of the light that crosses the boundary is - however - deflected in another direction - and the ______ does not equal the angle of incidence






30. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






31. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






32. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






33. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






34. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






35. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






36. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






37. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






38. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






39. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






40. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






41. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






42. This is the variable that changes as a result of the manipulated variable. The dependent variable is observed and measured. Examples include determining how long various saltwater solutions take to freeze - and determining the number of cycles a pend






43. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






44. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






45. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






46. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






47. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






48. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






49. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






50. A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the __________ and boiling point