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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






2. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






3. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






4. The terms gravitation and gravity are mostly interchangeable in everyday use - refers specifically to the gravitational force exerted by the earth on objects in its vicinity






5. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






6. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






7. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)






8. Some gases can transition directly to a solid Example: the formation of frost






9. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






10. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






11. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






12. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






13. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






14. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






15. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






16. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






17. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






18. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






19. Collect Data (results) - Analyze the data to look for patterns or trends - Record measurements and observations during the experiment - Present data in a graph - table - or another form






20. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






21. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






22. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






23. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






24. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






25. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






26. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






27. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses






28. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






29. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






30. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






31. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






32. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






33. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






34. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






35. The shortest wavelength; red is the longest






36. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






37. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






38. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






39. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






40. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






41. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






42. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






43. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






44. Made up of molecules with the composition H20 - One _____ molecule is built from two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen






45. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






46. The number of waves produced in a given time






47. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






48. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






49. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






50. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob







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