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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






2. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






3. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection






4. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






5. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






6. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






7. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers






8. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






9. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






10. Some gases can transition directly to a solid Example: the formation of frost






11. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






12. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






13. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






14. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






15. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






16. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






17. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






18. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






19. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






20. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






21. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






22. Account for 17 elements in the periodic table - Lack the properties of metals but are very common - Include oxygen - nitrogen - and carbon - 7 metalloid elements - and 7 gases - Poor conductors of electricity






23. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






24. Solids - liquids - and gases






25. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






26. Made up of molecules with the composition H20 - One _____ molecule is built from two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen






27. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






28. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






29. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






30. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






31. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)






32. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






33. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






34. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






35. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






36. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle






37. A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the __________ and boiling point






38. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam

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39. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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40. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






41. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






42. This is the variable that changes as a result of the manipulated variable. The dependent variable is observed and measured. Examples include determining how long various saltwater solutions take to freeze - and determining the number of cycles a pend






43. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






44. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






45. The characteristics that makes up the physical composition of a substance - Include color - form - electrical conductivity - and density






46. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






47. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






48. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






49. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






50. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter