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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






2. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






3. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






4. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






5. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






6. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






7. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






8. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






9. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






10. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection






11. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






12. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth






13. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






14. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






15. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






16. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






17. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum






18. Unlike incandescent lamps - fluorescent lamps always require a ______ to regulate the flow of power through the lamp






19. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






20. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






21. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






22. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






23. A hypothesis is an attempt to answer the question or predict the outcome - - A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations






24. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






25. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






26. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






27. Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0 Mass: 1






28. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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29. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel






30. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






31. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers






32. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






33. Elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns on the preriodic table to form _____ - Properties of elements change greatly across any one row (period)






34. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






35. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






36. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






37. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






38. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






39. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






40. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






41. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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42. A first - class lever - In its simplest form it consists of a rod attached to a wheel so that their movements are coupled when one of the parts is turned






43. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






44. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






45. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0






46. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






47. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






48. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood






49. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






50. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat