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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Physical Science 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper
pH
Helium
Materials with poor conductivity
Litmus
2. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge
Law of conservation of energy
proportional to its mass
positive
pH
3. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object
Three states of matter
Gravity
Nonrenewable energy
Scratch hardness
4. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment
pH indicator
Mixture
Gases
The six classical simple machines
5. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter
magnetic field
Weight
Renewable energy
contrasted
6. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.
Light
Optics
Solids
Ratio of the length of its slope to its width
7. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion
Higher boiling point
Nuclear fusion
Hydrogen
Uranium
8. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis
Variables that are controlled
Liquids
equally
Incandescent light bulb
9. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity
Helium
equally
ratio of the length of the sloped surface to the height
Rebound hardness
10. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square
Electromagnetic radiation
Oxygen
Ballast
chemical symbol
11. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta
freezing point
Efficiently
Electric circuit
Chemical reactions
12. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12
Frequency
Carbon
Gravity
Mohs' scale of hardness
13. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike
Litmus test
number of protons
Chemical changes
Static electricity
14. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts
Convection
Sublimination
Fluorescent lamp/fluorescent tube
proportional to its mass
15. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)
Refractive index
Renewable energy
Rebound hardness
Physical sciences
16. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well
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17. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate
Renewable energy
Pitch
Efficiently
Test experiment - Step 1 - Select the materials
18. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of
The formation of rust
Litmus
Pulley/block
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
19. After a rainstorm - the air is full of tiny drops of water - Each drop acts as a prism - splitting the light into the colors of the spectrum
Rainbow
Solids
proportional to its mass
Newton's third law of motion
20. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change
Acid rain
Optics
number of protons
Physical changes
21. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force
Oxygen
Solution
Simple machine
Wheel and axle
22. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam
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23. The number of waves produced in a given time
Frequency
Inclined plane
Helium
Pitch
24. Can multiply force or distance depending on the location of the fulcrum End: Output force Middle: Fulcrum Other end: Input force Examples: seesaws - scissors - pliers
Water
First - class lever
Distillation
Non - metals in the periodic table
25. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs
Energy
Nuclear fusion
Wedge
Nuclear fission
26. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier
Pitch
Mechanical advantage
Physical properties
Sublimination
27. Heat tends to move from a high - temperature region to a low- temperature region - This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms of conduction - radiation - and convection
Transfer of heat
pH
Compounds
Energy
28. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)
Helium
Electromagnetic radiation
Wavelength
Materials with high conductivity
29. Major greenhouse gases
Fahrenheit (
Incandescent light bulb
Carbon dioxide and methane
Refraction
30. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...
Distillation
pressure and temperature
Acid rain
Current
31. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons
Forms of energy
Chemical reactions
number of protons
Oxygen
32. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied
Hardness
pH
Newton's second law of motion
Nonrenewable energy
33. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions
Forms of energy
Litmus test
Static electricity
Thermal radiation
34. Unlike incandescent lamps - fluorescent lamps always require a ______ to regulate the flow of power through the lamp
Energy
Screw
117
Ballast
35. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions
Chemical elements
average atomic mass
Dependent variable (responding variable)
Ratio of the length of its slope to its width
36. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object
Static electricity
Indentation hardness
The formation of rust
Efficiently
37. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity
Atomic number
pH indicator
Mechanical advantage
Test experiment - Step 2 - Set up the procedure
38. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob
Test experiment - Step 1 - Select the materials
Thermal radiation
magnetic field
Test experiment - Step 3
39. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water
Measurement
Energy
Solution
Light
40. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage
Refraction
Screw
The formation of rust
Three states of matter
41. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16
Oxygen
presence
The periodic table of the elements
Forms of energy
42. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp
Test experiment - Step 1 - Select the materials
Efficiently
nucleus
Electrons
43. This is the variable that changes as a result of the manipulated variable. The dependent variable is observed and measured. Examples include determining how long various saltwater solutions take to freeze - and determining the number of cycles a pend
Dependent variable (responding variable)
Develop a hypothesis
Angle of refraction
Water
44. A hypothesis is an attempt to answer the question or predict the outcome - - A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations
pH indicator
Gases
Energy
Develop a hypothesis
45. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel
Hydrogen
Violet
Third - class lever
Gravitation
46. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light
pressure and temperature
Fluorescent lamp/fluorescent tube
Velocity
Wheel and axle
47. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke
Gravitation
Reflection
First - class lever
Pulley/block
48. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element
average atomic mass
Test experiment - Step 2 - Set up the procedure
Mixture
Newton's first law of motion
49. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction
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50. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0
south pole
Gravity
pressure and temperature
Mixture