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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






2. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






3. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






4. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






5. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






6. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






7. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






8. Kinetic energy: energy possessed by a moving object - An object in an unstable position has potential energy - for the position could be converted into movement Example: a baseball thrown vertically upward






9. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






10. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






11. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






12. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






13. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






14. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






15. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






16. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






17. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object






18. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






19. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






20. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






21. Some gases can transition directly to a solid Example: the formation of frost






22. The rate of change of position with time v = ?d/?t (velocity = change of distance/change of time)






23. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






24. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






25. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






26. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






27. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






28. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






29. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12






30. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






31. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






32. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






33. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi






34. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






35. Symbol: He Protons: 2 Neutrons: 2 Mass: 4






36. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






37. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






38. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






39. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






40. Elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns on the preriodic table to form _____ - Properties of elements change greatly across any one row (period)






41. The number of waves produced in a given time






42. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






43. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth






44. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






45. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






46. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






47. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






48. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






49. A form of energy that can be used to produce sound - light - heat - and power - it exists where the number of negative electrons does not precisely equal the number of positive protons - Electrons are held in the atom by an electrical force and have






50. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism