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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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2. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses






3. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






4. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






5. Collect Data (results) - Analyze the data to look for patterns or trends - Record measurements and observations during the experiment - Present data in a graph - table - or another form






6. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






7. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






8. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






9. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






10. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring






11. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






12. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






13. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






14. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






15. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






16. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






17. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






18. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






19. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam

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20. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






21. Major greenhouse gases






22. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






23. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






24. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






25. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






26. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element






27. The top of a wave's 'hill'






28. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






29. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






30. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






31. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






32. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






33. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






34. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






35. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity






36. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






37. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






38. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






39. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






40. The shortest wavelength; red is the longest






41. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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42. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






43. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






44. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






45. A natural phenomenon by which objects with mass attract one another - Compels dispersed matter to coalesce - and thus it accounts for the very existence of the earth - the sun - and most of the macroscopic objects in the universe - Responsible for ke






46. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






47. A form of energy that can be used to produce sound - light - heat - and power - it exists where the number of negative electrons does not precisely equal the number of positive protons - Electrons are held in the atom by an electrical force and have






48. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction

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49. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






50. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)