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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






2. The terms gravitation and gravity are mostly interchangeable in everyday use - refers specifically to the gravitational force exerted by the earth on objects in its vicinity






3. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0






4. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






5. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






6. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)

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7. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






8. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






9. Temperature scale -0






10. Anything that has mass and occupies space - Everything you see and touch is composed of matter






11. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest






12. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






13. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






14. Unlike incandescent lamps - fluorescent lamps always require a ______ to regulate the flow of power through the lamp






15. Solar - Chemical - Electrical - Magnetic - Nuclear - Sound - Light - Electromagnetic - Mechanical (motion)






16. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






17. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






18. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






19. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel






20. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






21. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






22. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






23. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






24. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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25. Solids - liquids - and gases






26. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






27. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






28. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire






29. A water - soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens - It is often absorbed onto filter paper






30. In optics - refraction occurs when light waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another index Example: A ray of light will refract as it enters and leaves glass - assuming there is a change in the refractive index.






31. Displayed by permanent magnets and around electric currents






32. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






33. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






34. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






35. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi






36. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth






37. Energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle - becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve - Fossil fuels include coal - petroleum - and natural gas - Fossil fuels are limited and nonrenewable and contribute






38. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






39. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






40. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre






41. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






42. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






43. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






44. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






45. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






46. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






47. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






48. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






49. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






50. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers