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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Physical Science 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The beginning of scientific wisdom - The physicist's first reaction to a new idea is to ask: Can it be measured? Can I describe it with numbers?
Materials with high conductivity
Chemical elements
Measurement
proportional to its mass
2. Known as insulators - In materials that act as insulators - the electrons are held tightly inside their atoms and the electrons cannot move freely - Include plastic - rubber - glass - air - and wood
Thermal radiation
Materials with poor conductivity
Electrons
Simple machine
3. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force
Mohs' scale of hardness
Pulley/block
Simple machine
Table salt
4. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course
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5. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water
Refraction
Sublimination
Refractive index
Light
6. Transferring of heat by the circulating motion of particles (in liquid or gas) - Occurs when hot air is less dense than cool air and therefore rises - When the heat moves in a circular pattern - convection currents are formed - Heat can be transferre
Nuclear energy
Convection
Electric current
Measurement
7. A temperature interval of one degree F is an interval of 5/9 of a degree C - The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales coincide at -40
Temperature conversions
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
Litmus test
Reflection
8. Symbol: C Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 Mass: 12
Carbon
Physical properties
Wheel and axle
Table salt
9. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)
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10. When the electrons flow in one direction - the flowing electricity is referred to as current - An electric current is simply a flow of electrons through a wire
Current
equally
pH indicator
Efficiently
11. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...
Acid rain
Variables that are controlled
Matter
ratio of the length of the sloped surface to the height
12. As temperature increases (at a fixed pressure) - so does volume Examples: air - helium - steam
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13. Multiply force but do not change the direction of the input force End: Fulcrum Middle: Output force Other end: Input force Examples: wheelbarrows - baby strollers - bottle openers
equally
Nuclear fission
Second - class lever
Chemical reactions
14. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water
Solids
Variables that are controlled
Mohs' scale of hardness
Higher boiling point
15. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness
Gravitation
Gravity
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
Second - class lever
16. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil
Oxygen
Celsius (
Atomic number
Variables that are controlled
17. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi
positive
pressure and temperature
Static electricity
Wedge
18. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions
Chemical reactions
presence
Charles's Law
equally
19. Take on the shape of their containers - yet cannot be compressed to any significant extent - The volume is constant unless evaporation is occurring
Reflection
Metals in the periodic table
The six classical simple machines
Liquids
20. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey
intermediate
Iron
Variables that are controlled
Water
21. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs
Nuclear fission
Oxygen
Newton's first law of motion
Pulley/block
22. A wave's height - the distance between its resting position and its crest
Amplitude
Pitch
Motion
Temperature conversions
23. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob
Thermal radiation
Angle of incidence
Heat conduction/Thermal conduction
Mechanical advantage
24. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object
Electric current
Wheel and axle
Inclined plane
First - class lever
25. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration
pH
Motion
Higher boiling point
proportional to its mass
26. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier
Chemical changes
Mechanical advantage
Independent variable (manipulated variable)
Liquids
27. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction
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28. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c
Wedge
Newton's third law of motion
Refractive index
Celsius (
29. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus
Compounds
Nonrenewable energy
Hydrogen
Electrons
30. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity
contrasted
Rebound hardness
Carbon
Solution
31. The terms gravitation and gravity are mostly interchangeable in everyday use - refers specifically to the gravitational force exerted by the earth on objects in its vicinity
Gravity
Angle of incidence
Measurement
The formation of rust
32. Results when electrical charges buildup or increase on the surface of a material - here - there is no current flowing as would be found in electrical outlets - When certain materials are rubbed together - electrons can move from one object to the oth
Wheel and axle
average atomic mass
Static electricity
Newton's second law of motion
33. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected
Table salt
Crest
Law of reflection
Ratio of the length of its slope to its width
34. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)
Renewable energy
ratio of the length of the sloped surface to the height
Chemical elements
Incandescent light bulb
35. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators
Charles's Law
117
Reflection
Amplitude
36. The shortest wavelength; red is the longest
equally
intermediate
Current
Violet
37. The resulting piece of paper or solution with water becomes a ________ (one of the oldest) - used to test materials for acidity
south pole
Wavelength
Deposition
pH indicator
38. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water
Distillation
Thermal energy
Iron
south pole
39. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have
Electric current
Heat conduction/Thermal conduction
Weight
Steps in conducting a scientific investigation
40. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32
Electrons
Fahrenheit (
Forms of energy
Compounds
41. The sum of the protons and neutrons gives an ______________ for the element
Electrons
Law of conservation of energy
average atomic mass
Simple machine
42. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline
Temperature conversions
Metals in the periodic table
Solution
Pulley/block
43. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion
Law of reflection
Nuclear energy
positive
Scratch hardness
44. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)
Distillation
Three principal operational definitions of hardness
Carbon
Materials with high conductivity
45. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment
Temperature conversions
Gases
contrasted
Variables that are controlled
46. The mechanical advantage of a wedge is given by the ______________________ - Although a short wedge with a wide angle may do a job faster - it requires more force than a long wedge with a narrow angle
Ratio of the length of its slope to its width
Newton's second law of motion
Develop a hypothesis
Angle of incidence
47. Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object
Scratch hardness
Convection
Refraction
Materials with high conductivity
48. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate
Wheel and axle
Pitch
Dependent variable (responding variable)
freezing point
49. A hypothesis is an attempt to answer the question or predict the outcome - - A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations
Thermal energy
Convection
Celsius (
Develop a hypothesis
50. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty
Interval
Forms of energy
Chemical changes
Inclined plane