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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






2. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






3. Other indicators of the ________ of an acid are that when acids react with metals - hydrogen gas is released causing bases to feel soapy when touched






4. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






5. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






6. Made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring (the objects do not bond together) - They are the product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances - Either homogeneous or heterogeneous






7. Solids - liquids - and gases






8. The top of a wave's 'hill'






9. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






10. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






11. For every action (applied force) - there is an equal and opposite reaction


12. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






13. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






14. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






15. In each element's square - the ________ is in the middle - the atomic weight is usually directly below the symbol - the atomic number is usually shown at the top of the square






16. The pitch of a sound depends on how fast the particles of a medium vibrate






17. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)






18. A mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force - The simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage to multiply force - Uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force






19. Relies on the the first law - The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied (the more force - the more acceleration)


20. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






21. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






22. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






23. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






24. The beginning of scientific wisdom - The physicist's first reaction to a new idea is to ask: Can it be measured? Can I describe it with numbers?






25. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






26. As of 2006 - the table contains _____ chemical elements whose discoveries have been confirmed - 94 are naturally found on the earth - and the rest are synthetic elements that have been produced artificially in particle accelerators






27. Energy generated from natural sources (such as sunlight - wind - rain - tides - and geothermal heat) which are renewable (naturally replenished)






28. In physics and engineering - it means the strength of the gravitational pull on the object (how heavy it is - measured in newtons)






29. Form a question (state the problem) - A scientific question is one that can be answered on the basis of evidence and that can be measured - The question often asks - 'What effect will something have






30. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






31. A compound composed of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine (NaCl - sodium chloride)






32. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






33. A compressed gas pushes out __________ in all directions






34. Expand to fill any available space - a compressible fluid - with its volume determined by the pressure and temperature of the environment






35. In everyday situations - the weight of an object is ____________ - which usually makes it acceptable to use the same word for both concepts






36. List the specific materials to be used in the experiment - This allows for replication of the experiment






37. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






38. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






39. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






40. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






41. An electric current also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism - Recent work has united these phenomena - as well as light - into electromagnetic radiation






42. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






43. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






44. Transition of heat through a medium - From a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature - Heat energy is transferred from one material to another by direct contact - Metals are good conductors of heat






45. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






46. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






47. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






48. Can multiply force or distance depending on the location of the fulcrum End: Output force Middle: Fulcrum Other end: Input force Examples: seesaws - scissors - pliers






49. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






50. Major greenhouse gases