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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights - resulting in a slope - By moving an object up an ___________ rather than completely vertically - the amount of force required is reduced - at the expense of increasing the distance the object






2. Temperature scale -0






3. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






4. These are the factors that are kept exactly the same in an experiment. In an experiment on plant growth - the variables could include amount of sunlight - type of soil - amount of water - and type of plant. Only one factor at a time is changed - whil






5. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light






6. Symbol: U Protons: 92 Neutrons: 146 Mass: 238






7. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






8. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






9. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






10. When foreign substances are dissolved in water it creates a solution - Solutions with a pH of less than 7.0 are said to be acidic - and solutions with a pH greater than 7.0 are said to be basic or alkaline






11. Elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns on the preriodic table to form _____ - Properties of elements change greatly across any one row (period)






12. The liquid state is __________ between the solid and gaseous states with regard to molecular motion and attractive forces between molecules Examples: water - oil - milk - honey






13. Collect Data (results) - Analyze the data to look for patterns or trends - Record measurements and observations during the experiment - Present data in a graph - table - or another form






14. Characterized by their ability to retain their shape - Relatively incompressible - Melt when heated and vaporize only slightly - All substances become solid if cooled sufficiently Examples: rocks - crystals - wood - feather - ice






15. A difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty






16. Some of the light is reflected - the angle of reflection being equal to the...






17. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






18. The law of inertia - Without outside forces (such as gravity or friction) - an object at rest will remain at rest - while an object in motion will never stop or deviate from its course

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19. Move around the nucleus in electron clouds - have a negative charge - and they are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus - This attraction keeps the electrons in orbit around the nucleus






20. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






21. Occurs when light travels only in straight lines - An object is visible because light is reflected from the object into our eyes






22. Major greenhouse gases






23. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






24. Symbol: Fe Protons: 26 Neutrons: 30 Mass 56






25. Makes it possible for some elements and compounds to transition from a solid to gas phase without becoming a liquid Example: a block of dry ice (CO2) - which will turn into a gas at room temperature






26. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






27. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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28. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






29. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






30. A compound and portable inclined plane - A triangular - shaped tool used to separate two objects or portions of an object - lift an object - or hold an object in place - It functions by converting a force applied to its blunt end into forces perpendi






31. Arranges all of the known elements from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number - and they generally coincide with their increasing atomic mass






32. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






33. Salt has a ___________ than water and therefore doesn't evaporate with the water






34. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






35. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






36. For a homogeneous object - density is determined by dividing the mass by the volume (D = M/V) The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance - The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displac






37. Heat can be converted to motion - and motion can produce heat






38. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






39. Are inclined planes - Can convert a rotational force (torque) to a linear force - and vice versa - The ratio of threading determines the mechanical advantage of the machine - More threading increases the mechanical advantage






40. A conclusion is a summary and an explanation of the results of an experiment - Does the data support the hypothesis? If not - a new hypothesis can be formed






41. Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the ______________ it spans - The inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance Example: ramp






42. Account for 17 elements in the periodic table - Lack the properties of metals but are very common - Include oxygen - nitrogen - and carbon - 7 metalloid elements - and 7 gases - Poor conductors of electricity






43. Lever - Pulley - Inclined plane - Screw - Wedge - Wheel and axle






44. Also generates a magnetic field - demonstrating an intimate connection between electricity and magnetism






45. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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46. The amount of matter in a chemical substance - In everyday usage - is commonly confused with weight






47. The terms gravitation and gravity are mostly interchangeable in everyday use - refers specifically to the gravitational force exerted by the earth on objects in its vicinity






48. Involve one substance changing states (not one substance changing into another) - Typically reversible Example: water - Can change from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid (water) to a solid (ice) - but the water molecules do not change






49. Solids - liquids - and gases






50. A rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object - Examples: wheelbarrow (the wheel works as the fulcrum) - scissors (the fulcrum is where the blades cross)