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CSET Physical Science 3

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A source of electric light that works by incandescence - An electric current passes through a thin filament - heating it until it produces light - The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in the air from reaching the hot filament - which otherwis






2. Elements are assigned atomic numbers equal to the __________ in the nucleus of their atoms - Each element has a different number of protons






3. Rates minerals and puts them on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest) determined by the ability of a harder mineral to scratch a softer mineral - Talc is at 1 and diamond is at 10

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4. A grooved wheel with a rope or other item wrapped around it - used to change the direction of an applied force - change the amount of force - transmit rotational motion - or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or a rotational system of






5. Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object






6. Example of chemical change - Iron chemically reacts with air and water to form rust (ferrous oxide) and is unable to change back to iron






7. Refers to various properties of matter in the solid phase that give it a high resistance to its shape changing when force is applied






8. State the specific plan on how to test the hypothesis - Create a written - step - by - step procedure - Determine the variables (any factor that can change in an experiment)






9. For smooth surfaces - the angle at which light is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected






10. The earth's __________ orients the iron needles of navigational compasses






11. Protons have a __________ electrical charge - and neutrons have no charge






12. Symbol: O Protons: 8 Neutrons: 8 Mass: 16






13. Scratch hardness - indentation hardness - and rebound hardness






14. Opposite process of nuclear fission - Yields energy when very light nuclei unite to a heavier nucleus - Stars (including the sun) derive their energy from nuclear fusion






15. Seems to travel in perfectly straight lines as rays - The direction of a ray changes at the interface between two transparent materials - like air and water






16. Obtained by two different means - fission and fusion






17. The burning of coal also contributes to the formation of...






18. The path or circuit an electric current flows - Electricity requires a complete path for the electrons to flow - If the path is broken and there are not alternative paths for the electrons to follow - the electrons will not move - make it possible fo






19. This is the one factor that will be intentionally changed during the experiment. Examples include changing the amount of salt that is added to water to determine its freezing point; introducing different soil types in germinating seeds; and changing






20. Composed of only one atom and cannot be separated into different substances except in some instances by radioactive decay or by nuclear reactions






21. A constant change in the location of a body - Described by stating an object's position - velocity and acceleration






22. A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution - The ____ scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement - these measurements are important for medicine - biology -






23. Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) - who proposed it in 1724 - On this scale - the freezing point of water is 32






24. Atoms are made up of several tiny parts - At the center of an atom is a core called the __________ - which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons






25. Explains why objects appear bent as light passes from one transparent object into another - Light travels at different speeds through different objects (faster through air than through water or glass) - Responsible for rainbows and for the splitting






26. The particular state of water is determined by ___________ - the behavior of water at one atmosphere (sea level) - freezing at 0






27. Electricity flows easily through materials that conduct electricity - Include metals such as aluminum (Al) - iron (Fe) - nickel (Ni) - silver (Ag) - and gold (Au)






28. Designed to separate substances in a liquid through vaporization - Usually carried out in an apparatus called a still - which requires a boiler - a condenser - and a receiver Example: Purify ocean water






29. The ratio of the output to the input force - Also called leverage - Results in less force applied over a greater distance - Helps to make work easier






30. However - a fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more __________ than an incandescent lamp; lower energy costs offset the higher initial cost of the lamp






31. Height of the bounce of an object dropped o the material - related to elasticity






32. The branches of natural sciences that study the nature and properties of energy and non - living matter






33. Glass has a higher ___________ than air and the different frequencies of light have different wavelengths (dispersion) - causing them to be refracted at different angles - so that you can see them - The different frequencies correspond to different c






34. Turns red under acidic conditions - and turns blue under basic (i.e. - alkaline) conditions






35. Top: Output force (resistance) Middle: Input force (effort) End: Fulcrum Examples: baseball bat - fishing pole - shovel






36. If the pressure increases - the volume decreases; the reverse is true as well

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37. Metals account for the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table - Show a wide range of chemical and physical properties - Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity - and some - like iron and cobalt - are magnetic - Many metal






38. Hard matter is ______ with soft matter






39. The distance between two consecutive points on a wave (crest to crest)






40. Show the number of molecules or formula units of the reactants and products - Example: nitrous oxide is a colorless - odorless gas that causes mild hysteria when inhaled - hence the name laughing gas; it is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate crysta






41. Transferring of heat by emission and dissemination of waves or particles - Generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation - Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an ob






42. The ability to perform work - _______ transformations result when a change of form takes place - All forms of ________ can be converted into other forms






43. Releases energy when a heavy nucleus splits into smaller fragments - Used in power plants and atomic bombs






44. The number of protons of that element - No two elements have the same atomic number - Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number






45. The rate of change of velocity with time a = ?v/?t (acceleration = change of velocity/change of time)






46. The north pole of one magnet attracts the ___________ of another - but like poles repel each other - Either pole can attract unmagnetized iron objects






47. Energy can be neither created nor destroy






48. A change of one substance into a different substance - Occurs whenever compounds are formed or decomposed - During this reaction - there is a rearrangement of atoms that makes or breaks chemical bonds - This change is usually not reversible - unlike






49. The number of waves produced in a given time






50. A gas - discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor - The excited mercury atoms produce short - wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce - producing visible light