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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Spanish Subtest
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
languages
,
spanish
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Observable - clearly defined components of language
Language skills
Language borrowing
Weak Models of Bilingual Education
Segregationalist
2. Ralph Yarborough introduced Bilingual Education Act as an amendment. Enacted in 1968. Indicated that bilingual programs were part of the federal education system.
Separatist Education
Additive bilingualism
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
Literacy
3. Need to emphasize speaking and writing (ability to communicate with others) in addition to input (listening and reading) in the classroom
strategic competence
Language achievement
Meaningful output
Separate underlying proficiency
4. Authorized by Congress in 1978 - allowing native language to be used only as much as necessary to develop English skills
Sociocultural Literacy Approach
Immersion v Submersion
Transitional bilingual education
Simultaneous language acquisition
5. Awareness of sociocultural context in which language concerned is used by native speakers
Codeswitching
Mendez v Westminster 1947
Cognitive/academic language proficiency
sociocultural competence
6. Chinese student against San Francisco School District - said that students didn't receive equal education when taught in language they don't understand. Result: ESL classes - English tutoring and bilingual education for English Language Learners
Early exit bilingual education
Lau v Nichols 1970
Threshold theory
Language interference
7. Outward evidence of language competence
Language performance
Communicative sensitivity
Weak Models of Bilingual Education
Language loss
8. Bilingual doesn't equal two monolinguals in one person - can't measure against native speaker. Different languages in different contexts
Critical Literacy Approach
Holistic view of bilingualism
Contrastive Analysis
Meyer v Nebraska 1923
9. Language teaching is about conveying meaning - focus on socially appropriate forms of communication; suggests learners need to identify some of their own errors. Implicit rule formation rather than explicit habit
Meaningful input
Connectionism
Transitional Bilingual Education
Literacy
10. When children use their home language as a means of instruction with goal of full bilingualism. native language protected and developed alongside English. minority language used 50%+ of the time. Mostly elementary schools
Developmental Maintenance and Heritage Language
Meaningful input
Sheltered English instruction
Language performance
11. Ability for person to come up with multiple answers to a problem (more creative thinkers)
Meaningful output
Language skills
Divergent thinking
Segregationalist
12. IQ tests - force students to converge onto one answer
Convergent thinking
sociolinguistic competence
Weak Models of Bilingual Education
Additive bilingualism
13. Learn second language with little pressure to replace/remove first
Additive bilingualism
Elective bilingualism
Semilingual
Language borrowing
14. Starts with 100% immersion in second language - reducing after 2-3 yrs to 80% for next 3-4 yrs - then ending junior schooling with apx. 50% immersion
Simultaneous language acquisition
Additive bilingualism
Total immersion
Separatist Education
15. Language learning is made possible by acquiring distinct set of speech habits. Lessons should move from simple to complex linguistics
Divergent thinking
non - linguistic outcomes
Personal factors in language acquisition
Audiolingualism
16. Students are taught with simplified vocab
Language Acquisition Device
Metalinguistic awareness
Intake
Sheltered English instruction
17. Goal: assimilation. contain bilingual kids but are barely bilingual in nature
Critical Literacy Approach
Structured input
Weak Models of Bilingual Education
Codeswitching
18. Receptive skill: reading - Productive skill: writing
Meyer v Nebraska 1923
Castaneda v Pickard 1978
Literacy
National Defense and Education Act of 1958
19. Language is a matter of habit forming; careful control of input by teacher very important
Structured input
National Defense and Education Act of 1958
Sociocultural Literacy Approach
Codeswitching
20. Ability to develop appropriate cultural meaning from texts
Sociocultural Literacy Approach
Immersion v Submersion
Language skills
lexical gaps
21. Differences between two languages that might pose problems for the teacher/students - was later found that many errors couldn't be explained through a negative transfer from the first to second language
Connectionism
Dual Language education
sociocultural competence
Contrastive Analysis
22. Language learner is adapting to new culture - degree to which new language is gained depends on degree to which person integrates self into new culture
Mendez v Westminster 1947
Acculturation
Meaningful output
Educate America Act of 1994
23. Inner - mental representation of language
Language competence
discourse competence
Proposition 227 of 1998
Language Acquisition Device
24. Receptive skill: listening - Productive skill: speaking
Separate underlying proficiency
Intake
Oracy
Subtractive language acquisition
25. Minority language speakers are denied access to programs/schools
Accommodation
Communicative sensitivity
Segregationalist
Proposition 227 of 1998
26. Happens when learner has weak identification with own ethnic group - does not regard their ethnic group as inferior to dominant group - finds their position mobile and wishes to move into 'out - group'
Accommodation
Intake
Semilingual
Literacy
27. Literacy can be used to maintain hegemony/control masses and it can also be a liberator
Late exit bilingual education
Connectionism
Critical Literacy Approach
Language competence
28. Castaneda argued that Texas school district was violating his children's rights by not offering them bilingual education to help them overcome their language barriers. Decision: district had to provide bilingual education to help students overcome hu
Circumstantial bilingualism
Early exit bilingual education
Castaneda v Pickard 1978
Weak Models of Bilingual Education
29. The ability to think about the nature and functions of language
Williams v State of California 2000
Accommodation
Metalinguistic awareness
Meaningful input
30. Can be measured in six different ways. need to measure in ways beyond linguistic competence
Transitional bilingual education
Language Competence
Semilingual
Cognitive/academic language proficiency
31. A language minority separates from the language majority in order to protect their language
lexical gaps
sociocultural competence
Immersion
Separatist Education
32. Majority language students learn minority language. works better if there is high incentive (economic - social) for students to learn language
Castaneda v Pickard 1978
Literacy
Convergent thinking
Mainstream Education (with foreign language teaching)
33. Hearing/reading a lesson/passage in one language and the development of the work in another. Promotes more thorough understanding
Developmental Maintenance and Heritage Language
Translanguaging
Connectionism
Codemixing
34. Plaintiffs sued the state to complain about appalling conditions of public schools. included specific provisions state better bilingual education instruction was needed. State settled and is making changed throughout the state
Williams v State of California 2000
Balanced bilingual
Literacy
discourse competence
35. Pejorative term for borrowing between languages
Developmental Maintenance and Heritage Language
Basic Interpersonal communicative skills
Critical Literacy Approach
Language interference
36. Someone who is equally competent in two languages
Cognitive/academic language proficiency
Basic Interpersonal communicative skills
Balanced bilingual
Meaningful input
37. Idea that the further the child moves to balanced bilingualism - the more likely cognitive advantages exist. 1st threshold: enough proficiency to avoid negative effects. 2nd threshold: enough for advantages to exist
Simultaneous language acquisition
Holistic view of bilingualism
Immersion v Submersion
Threshold theory
38. Supreme Court declared a state law prohibiting the teaching of a foreign language unconstitutional under 14th Amendment. Found that proficiency in other language was not 'injurious to health or morals of child
Balanced bilingual
Meyer v Nebraska 1923
Literacy
language brokers
39. Allows around 40% of classroom teaching in the mother tongue until the 6th grade
Early exit bilingual education
Late exit bilingual education
non - linguistic outcomes
Language skills
40. Simply reading and writing so one can operate in society (usu. low level) - reading and writing seen as separate skills
Functional Literacy Approach
Mendez v Westminster 1947
Codeswitching
Critical Literacy Approach
41. Ability to use particular social strategies to achieve communicative goals - i.e. know when to interrupt - how to initiate conversation
Basic Interpersonal communicative skills
social competence
Late exit bilingual education
language brokers
42. Literacy: learning to read/write naturally for a purpose - for meaningful communication and for inherent pleasure. Reading and writing seen as connected - demands process of learning is interesting and relevant to student
Threshold theory
Codeswitching
sociolinguistic competence
Whole Language Approach
43. Essentially wanted to end bilingual education - only leaving sheltered English programs. Largely decreased enrollment in bilingual education programs - but still some parents/schools could opt in to bilingual
Transitional Bilingual Education
social competence
Nationality Act of 1906
Proposition 227 of 1998
44. People who translate and sometimes transform ideas into socially acceptable terms
Bilingual Dual Coding Model
Language skills
sociocultural competence
language brokers
45. Major education reform. set high standards for immigrant communities and continued federal support for bilingual programs. acknowledged benefits of bilingual education
Educate America Act of 1994
Audiolingualism
Structured input
Language loss
46. Minority students in submersion programs but are pulled out to have ESL lessons. Students fall behind on classroom content and seen as remedial
Total immersion
Submersion with pull - out classes
Mendez v Westminster 1947
Codeswitching
47. Idea that languages constitute two 'balloons' in the brain and there's only so much room for both of them. Incorrect - languages share
Diglossia
Separate underlying proficiency
Metalinguistic awareness
Interdependence
48. Acquires both languages at the same time and prior to the age of 3
Submersion with pull - out classes
Semilingual
Simultaneous language acquisition
Proposition 227 of 1998
49. People have two separate language systems for each language then share a separate non - verbal system that is shared by both
Immersion
Bilingual Dual Coding Model
Language inputs
Language borrowing
50. Humans are cognitively wired for language and have universal - abstract nature of rules that underlie competence
Meaningful input
Meaningful output
Holistic view of bilingualism
Language Acquisition Device