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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Image Processing
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What type of scanning increases resolution slightly by scanning all 525 lines in order?
progressive scanning
1940s
high
voxel
2. Each box of an image matrix will display a ____ ____ which can be transformed into a visual brightness or density level.
1940s
progressive scanning
RAM
numerical value
3. Because electrical currents are understood as being either on or off - the binary system consists of information recorded as either a _ for off or a _ for on.
inversely
analog computers
reduces
0 - 1
4. Fluoroscopic noise mostly comes from what?
electronic sources
data
hardware
transverse - sagittal - and coronal
5. A low contrast image has a ___ frequency.
array detection
reduces
peripherals
low
6. What is the information stored as magnetic variations referred to as?
IRs
digital computers
memory
bandwidth
7. What permit input/output of information to or from the CPU?
computer - radiographer
RAM
peripherals
central processing unit
8. DICOM imaging now includes compatibility via a database system that includes linage of the patient images with the patient's EMR. This database system is called what?
smaller
health level 7
1960s
voltage
9. If the window level increases - density will _____.
increase
computer - radiographer
inversely
voltage
10. What input device do radiographers use on a normal basis?
numerical value
IRs
slow scanning
Fourier Transformation
11. Noise is measured as what?
smaller
signal-to-noise ratio
0 - 1
software
12. What type of scanning increases resolution but can't be used in real-time dynamic studies?
little
digital image
2^x
slow scanning
13. What is the process used in low-pass filtering that is accomplished by averaging adjacent pixels values?
array detection
low-pass filter
signal-to-noise ratio
smoothing
14. In medical imaging - each pixel value corresponds to a 3-D volume of tissue known as what?
window level
central processing unit
voxel
decrease
15. What is the random background information that does not contribute to the image quality?
noise
matrix
peripherals
2^x
16. What is the primary limitation with the resolution on digital images?
contrast
raster scan pattern
data
frequency
17. Extremely narrow window width requires the computer to ignore a ___ ____ of data outside the chosen range.
peripherals
bus speed
decrease
large amount
18. When power is turned off - (ROM / RAM) is erased and (ROM / RAM) is maintained
off
RAM - ROM
numerical value
window width
19. The ____ is the heart of the computer while the ___ is the vessels.
smoothing
edge enhancement filtering or sharpening
mathematical theory - solid-state electronics - and microchip technology
CPU - Bus
20. What is the process used in low-pass filtering that is accomplished by averaging adjacent pixels values?
electronic sources
smoothing
central processing unit
write memory
21. A low contrast image has a ___ frequency.
low
mathematical theory - solid-state electronics - and microchip technology
raster scan pattern
TV camera
22. Changes in window width are sometimes called gray scale ____ or ____.
byte
band-pass filtering
on
expansion or compression
23. The number of shades of gray is determined by what?
reduces
data
decreased
gray scale bit depth
24. What is the raw data to which a Fourier Transformation is applied to create the digital image?
matrix size
increase
digital computers
frequency
25. There is a ___ relationship between subject contrast and acquired data contrast.
digital computers
transverse - sagittal - and coronal
direct
hardware
26. What is the digital standard for imaging that is designed to ensure that all equipment fro all manufacturers who choose to adhere to the standard are speaking the same computer language?
two
TV camera
DICOM standard
central processing unit
27. Computer memory is often rated in terms of total ____ memory.
byte
pixel size
200 - 500-1000
analog computers
28. What input device do radiographers use on a normal basis?
1970s-1990s
shades of gray
accentuates or suppresses
IRs
29. Computers operate from ____ ____ language.
200 - 500-1000
large amount
2^x
binary machine
30. What 3 things were required prior to digital computer applications in medical imaging?
200 - 500-1000
Input devices
data
mathematical theory - solid-state electronics - and microchip technology
31. What provides specific instructions for calculations and sequential steps to be followed?
IRs
software
detector
1-2 lp/mm
32. What does a 1 in binary code stand for?
analog computers
on
write memory
scanning
33. In what time period did mathematical theory and solid-state electronics come out?
1940s
mathematical theory - solid-state electronics - and microchip technology
slow scanning
CPU - Bus
34. In what time period did microchip technology come out?
CPU - Bus
IR
1000+
1960s
35. Who or What is responsible for density changes on a digital image? On a manual image
10 megabyte
low
high
computer - radiographer
36. Each pixel is capable of representing a wide range of what?
numerical value
bit
edge enhancement filtering or sharpening
shades of gray
37. What is a specialized computer that functions as a peripheral and uses CPU memory to perform mathematical operations at extremely high speed?
array processors
signal-to-noise ratio
software
bandwidth
38. What is the system of conductors that connects the various components of a computer system and permits the CPU to accept inputs from any point along the conductor?
bus
voxel
1000+
write memory
39. Around what time did digital computerization come out for CT and US?
central processing unit
1970s-1990s
analog-to-digital converters
pixel
40. When was ENIAC invented?
scanning
monitors and printers
scanning or array detection
1945
41. What directs information to and from various parts of the computer?
filtering
central processing unit
RAM
array detection
42. What is the 'noisiest' component of a digital system?
TV camera
decrease
frequency - contrast - and noise
bit
43. What is required for collection of input information?
increase
scanning or array detection
detector
digital imaging and communication in medicine
44. Digitalization of analog information (increases / reduces) the quality and quantity of information?
high
expansion or compression
DICOM standard
reduces
45. What is the 'read-only' memory that contains basic operating instructions that are almost never changing?
ROM
off
bus
shades of gray
46. What was the earliest computer device called?
abacus
CD or DVD
Fourier Transformation
band-pass filtering
47. Noise is ____ related to contrast.
inversely
abacus
window
high
48. What determines resolution?
pixel size
central processing unit
array detection
analog-to-digital converters
49. What is the equation for determining gray scale bit depth?
2^x
programs and data
DICOM standard
numerical value
50. If window width increases - image contrast will ____.
decrease
ENIAC
slow scanning
frequency
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