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DSST Ethics In America

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 39 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What philosopher likened ethics and morals to spirit-like objects that exist as abstractions? Such as math (1+1=2)






2. Three cultural relativists:






3. According to Rawls - an ethical situation can be determined with a thought experiment that assumes no social class - race - or hierarchy is involved. This is called the __________.






4. Which philosopher - greatly influenced by Kant - wrote A Theory of Justice?






5. In A Theory of Justice - Rawls replaces Hobbes - Rouseau - and Locke's 'state of nature' with what?






6. Scripture and 'God's Will -' and divine commands such as 'murder is wrong -' are called ...






7. An attacker gives up his right to life. Self-defense theory is covered by what philosophy:






8. The original position is a contract in which every citizen






9. Skepticism forms a basis for moral __________






10. What is the more 'practical' ethical theory - concentrating on our standards of behavior and duties to others?






11. A metaphysical philosopher of the Middle Ages who believed in libertarian ideals such as separation of church and state and who also believed that the simplest explanation is most likely the correct one:






12. One medieval philosopher who believed in divine commands was ...






13. What system of ethics holds that ethical standards are constructs of society?






14. Examples of categorical imperatives






15. What philosopher believed that happiness is the basis of philosophy. To be happy one must grow in the knowledge of God not by satisfaction of goods.






16. Friedrich Nietzsche argued that an individual created his own morality. This ties in with the 'becoming' of a superman. This creation of morality distinct from society is:






17. 17th Century British philosopher ________ likened morals to spiritual 'relationships' rather than spiritual objects.






18. What two topics are prominent in metaethics?






19. What topics comprise metaphysical ethics issues?






20. To Kant - what is the basis for morality?






21. Moral relativism is split into two categories:






22. Who determined there were four cardinal virtues (prudence - temperance - fortitude - justice) and three theological virtues (faith - hope - and charity)?






23. What philosophy believes the virtuous life is the only way to attain happiness and that vice leads to unhappiness. (Also - objectivism/other-worldly)






24. What theory concentrates on the origins and constructs of ethics - including God - society - and satisfying emotion?






25. Who said - 'Good is to be done and promoted and evil is to be avoided?'


26. Medieval philosophers believed morals were 'eternal law.' Would this be a worldly/relativism view or an other-worldly/objective view?






27. What philosophy holds that we are fully responsible for what becomes of us - that we are hurling ourselves toward our own future - and we are responsible for our own ethics - not God.






28. Relativism that is determined by society - such as acceptance of homosexuals - matricide - abortion - etc. is:






29. Skeptics such as _____________ did not deny moral values only that they were divine or willed by God.






30. This philosopher believed in reason - universal application of morals applied by a sense of duty.






31. What philosopher might say - 'I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law.'






32. Prominent stoic philosopher






33. Kant created what imperatives






34. What imperative states that for an action to be worth it must be universal to all beings and it must be done with a sense of moral duty?






35. What are the three modern ethical theories?






36. What ethical theory involves specific issues such as abortion - environmentalism - war - homosexuality - capital punishment and similar topics.






37. What imperative covers actions that are not universal or not in keeping with a sense of duty?






38. In Plato's view can moral abstractions be altered?


39. What system of ethics holds that ethical standards exist as absolutes outside the physical in a sort of spiritual realm?