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DSST Ethics In America

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 39 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The original position is a contract in which every citizen






2. What philosophy believes the virtuous life is the only way to attain happiness and that vice leads to unhappiness. (Also - objectivism/other-worldly)






3. Which philosopher - greatly influenced by Kant - wrote A Theory of Justice?






4. Moral relativism is split into two categories:






5. Medieval philosophers believed morals were 'eternal law.' Would this be a worldly/relativism view or an other-worldly/objective view?






6. Examples of categorical imperatives






7. Who said - 'Good is to be done and promoted and evil is to be avoided?'


8. What philosophy holds that we are fully responsible for what becomes of us - that we are hurling ourselves toward our own future - and we are responsible for our own ethics - not God.






9. Friedrich Nietzsche argued that an individual created his own morality. This ties in with the 'becoming' of a superman. This creation of morality distinct from society is:






10. In Plato's view can moral abstractions be altered?


11. Who determined there were four cardinal virtues (prudence - temperance - fortitude - justice) and three theological virtues (faith - hope - and charity)?






12. What philosopher likened ethics and morals to spirit-like objects that exist as abstractions? Such as math (1+1=2)






13. Scripture and 'God's Will -' and divine commands such as 'murder is wrong -' are called ...






14. Skeptics such as _____________ did not deny moral values only that they were divine or willed by God.






15. Kant created what imperatives






16. What imperative states that for an action to be worth it must be universal to all beings and it must be done with a sense of moral duty?






17. What system of ethics holds that ethical standards are constructs of society?






18. Skepticism forms a basis for moral __________






19. What philosopher believed that happiness is the basis of philosophy. To be happy one must grow in the knowledge of God not by satisfaction of goods.






20. An attacker gives up his right to life. Self-defense theory is covered by what philosophy:






21. What two topics are prominent in metaethics?






22. To Kant - what is the basis for morality?






23. Relativism that is determined by society - such as acceptance of homosexuals - matricide - abortion - etc. is:






24. What theory concentrates on the origins and constructs of ethics - including God - society - and satisfying emotion?






25. According to Rawls - an ethical situation can be determined with a thought experiment that assumes no social class - race - or hierarchy is involved. This is called the __________.






26. What topics comprise metaphysical ethics issues?






27. What philosopher might say - 'I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law.'






28. Prominent stoic philosopher






29. A metaphysical philosopher of the Middle Ages who believed in libertarian ideals such as separation of church and state and who also believed that the simplest explanation is most likely the correct one:






30. One medieval philosopher who believed in divine commands was ...






31. This philosopher believed in reason - universal application of morals applied by a sense of duty.






32. What imperative covers actions that are not universal or not in keeping with a sense of duty?






33. What ethical theory involves specific issues such as abortion - environmentalism - war - homosexuality - capital punishment and similar topics.






34. In A Theory of Justice - Rawls replaces Hobbes - Rouseau - and Locke's 'state of nature' with what?






35. What system of ethics holds that ethical standards exist as absolutes outside the physical in a sort of spiritual realm?






36. What is the more 'practical' ethical theory - concentrating on our standards of behavior and duties to others?






37. What are the three modern ethical theories?






38. 17th Century British philosopher ________ likened morals to spiritual 'relationships' rather than spiritual objects.






39. Three cultural relativists: