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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






2. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






3. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






4. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






5. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






6. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






7. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






8. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






9. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






10. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






11. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






12. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






13. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






14. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






15. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






16. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






17. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






18. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






19. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






20. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






21. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






22. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






23. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






24. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






25. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






26. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






27. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






28. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






29. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






30. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






31. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






32. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






33. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






34. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






35. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






36. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






37. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






38. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






39. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


40. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






41. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






42. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






43. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






44. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






45. Making exagerated claims about products






46. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






47. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






48. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






49. Evidence of a valid consent






50. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is