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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
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Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity
virtues
rule utilitarianism
Consent Form
Epictetus
2. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
The 3 branches of ethics
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
distributive justice
seven features of pleasure
3. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance
Jeremy Bentham
stoic moral virtues
Professional Code of Ethics
John Rawls
4. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly
Stage 6
normative ethics
Stage 3
consequentialists
5. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
Natural Law Theory
divine command theory
Eternal law
John Stuart Mill
6. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Stoic philosphy
conditional covenant
Consent Form
Eternal law
7. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
conditional covenant
theory of justice as fairness
Socrates
hypothetical imperatives
8. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society
Puffery
hypothetical imperatives
Natural Law Theory
Thucydides
9. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
motivational hedonism
Kant
Stage 1
artificial virtues
10. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
Self-knowledge
paternalism
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
David Hume
11. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas
Leviathan
Stage 3
hypothetical imperatives
autonomy
12. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties
categorical imperatives
Golden Mean
components of informed consent
Deontologists
13. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
heteronomy
divine command theory
conflict of interest
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
14. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest
Kant
Courage
Professional Code of Ethics
theonomy
15. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
Kant
unconditional
Enchiridion
The 3 branches of ethics
16. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
Conventional level
consequentialists
Thucydides
Vices
17. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament
motivational hedonism
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
The Gospels
Moral virtue
18. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
distributive justice
stoic moral virtues
theory of justice as fairness
David Hume
19. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
meta-ethics
Doctrine of Right
Thomas Hobbes
unconditional
20. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Post conventional level
Virtue ethics
hedonic calculus
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
21. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
stoic moral virtues
retributive justice
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
22. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness
Standard of Happiness
Stage 1
categorical imperatives
David Hume
23. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
corrective justice
motivational hedonism
categorical imperatives
24. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue
feminist ethics
Epictetus
normative hedonism
Moral virtue
25. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
Aristotle
feminist ethics
natural virtues
Moral virtue
26. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed
Consent Form
Ignorance
paternalism
justice
27. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision
conflict of interest
informed consent
Leviathan
Conventional level
28. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
covenant
Deontology
Pre-conventional level
theory of justice as fairness
29. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions
stoic moral virtues
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Standards of disclosure
Standard of Happiness
30. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
Immanuel Kant
Stage 2
artificial virtues
Professional Code of Ethics
31. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
Utilitarianism
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
virtues
32. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Whistle blowing
John Stuart Mill
Stage 4
Enchiridion
33. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices
Whistle blowing
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Kant
Thomas Hobbes
34. Says we should always do the will of God
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
heteronomy
nonconsequentialist normative theory
social contract theory
35. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
Standard of Happiness
Aristotle
Descriptive ethics
Deontology
36. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule
primary purpose of the Leviathan
social contract theory
Eternal law
Descriptive ethics
37. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Pre-conventional level
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Leviathan
meta-ethics
38. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
primary purpose of the Leviathan
Aristotle
Deontology
Happiness
39. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
heteronomy
Leviathan
Puffery
Natural Law Theory
40. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
Standards of disclosure
rule utilitarianism
virtues
Puffery
41. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God
theonomy
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
heteronomy
Ethics of care
42. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
Puffery
conditional covenant
John Rawls
rule utilitarianism
43. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Post conventional level
Plato
Stage 6
Deontology
44. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
Deontologists
Stage 2
Ethics
Virtue ethics
45. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Conventional level
teleology
Doctrine of Virtue
consequentialists
46. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
John Rawls
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
justice
Doctrine of Virtue
47. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Descriptive ethics
Stage 1
Ethics
48. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
distributive justice
John Locke
hypothetical imperatives
nonconsequentialist normative theory
49. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.
Golden Mean
Standard of Happiness
seven features of pleasure
John Locke
50. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
conditional covenant
motivational hedonism
Descriptive ethics
meta-ethics
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