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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






2. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






3. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






4. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






5. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






6. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






7. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






8. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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9. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






10. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






11. Bad character traits






12. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






13. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






14. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






15. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






16. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






17. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






18. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






19. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






20. Says we should always do the will of God






21. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






22. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






23. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






24. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






25. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






26. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






27. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






28. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






29. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






30. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






31. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






32. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






33. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






34. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






35. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






36. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






37. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






38. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






39. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






40. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






41. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






42. Self-mastery according to Kant






43. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






44. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






45. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






46. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






47. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






48. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






49. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






50. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties







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