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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






2. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






3. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






4. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






5. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






6. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






7. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






8. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






9. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






10. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






11. Name the four authors of the Gospels






12. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






13. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






14. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






15. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






16. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






17. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






18. Self-mastery according to Kant






19. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






20. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






21. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






22. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






23. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






24. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






25. To punish subjects who break the law






26. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






27. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






28. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






29. Says we should always do the will of God






30. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






31. Evidence of a valid consent






32. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






33. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






34. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






35. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






36. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






37. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






38. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






39. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






40. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






41. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






42. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






43. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






44. Bad character traits






45. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






46. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






47. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






48. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






49. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






50. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are







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