SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is
hedonic calculus
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
John Locke
Thucydides
2. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
feminist ethics
conflict of interest
Thucydides
Deontologists
3. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good
Eternal law
natural virtues
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
heteronomy
4. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern
Enchiridion
Virtue ethics
paternalism
St Thomas Aquinas
5. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
normative hedonism
hypothetical imperatives
Puffery
theonomy
6. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
meta-ethics
Professional Code of Ethics
Post conventional level
The 3 branches of ethics
7. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly
Stage 6
Stage 5
Descriptive ethics
Professional Code of Ethics
8. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas
Thomas Hobbes
autonomy
hedonic calculus
Plato
9. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
paternalism
human nature
artificial virtues
10. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
meta-ethics
The Books of Law
Descriptive ethics
Stage 4
11. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
rule utilitarianism
paternalism
Plato
teleology
12. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
Immanuel Kant
stoic moral virtues
Stage 5
heteronomy
13. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Descriptive ethics
Stoic philosphy
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Eternal law
14. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed
informed consent
Stage 1
justice
Deontology
15. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Ethics
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Standards of disclosure
16. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Deontology
unconditional
Stage 1
17. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
primary purpose of the Leviathan
divine command theory
motivational hedonism
18. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government
artificial virtues
Eternal law
covenant
virtues
19. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War
motivational hedonism
covenant
John Locke
Thucydides
20. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy
Stage 3
distributive justice
informed consent
Deontologists
21. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
John Rawls
theonomy
Doctrine of Virtue
divine command theory
22. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Stage 4
teleology
Socrates
The Gospels
23. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
The 3 branches of ethics
artificial virtues
covenant
Doctrine of Virtue
24. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue
Ethics of care
hypothetical imperatives
Moral virtue
Stoic philosphy
25. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
autonomy
Stage 2
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
26. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
components of informed consent
Puffery
conditional covenant
Stage 2
27. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
teleology
Pre-conventional level
informed consent
Act utilitarianism
28. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
Virtue
Self-knowledge
Act utilitarianism
conditional covenant
29. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
Stage 6
Jeremy Bentham
Consent Form
Ethics
30. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
Virtue
categorical imperatives
Stage 4
Whistle blowing
31. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
nonconsequentialist normative theory
distributive justice
The Books of Law
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
32. Says we should always do the will of God
Enchiridion
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Conventional level
33. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Happiness
corrective justice
Eternal law
34. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
Plato
Self-knowledge
Utilitarianism
Ethics
35. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Happiness
teleology
Ethics of care
36. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God
theonomy
Leviathan
Stage 3
Deontologists
37. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence
Plato
Whistle blowing
components of informed consent
Stage 3
38. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
theonomy
social contract theory
Socrates
consequentialists
39. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
Ethics
Stage 6
Golden Mean
Thomas Hobbes
40. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Stage 3
Jeremy Bentham
David Hume
Utilitarianism
41. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
Post conventional level
nonconsequentialist normative theory
conflict of interest
Happiness
42. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning
43. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
Jeremy Bentham
virtues
normative hedonism
normative ethics
44. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
Enchiridion
Leviathan
Aristotle
natural virtues
45. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
rule utilitarianism
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Pre-conventional level
Self-knowledge
46. Bad character traits
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Vices
meta-ethics
divine command theory
47. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Doctrine of Right
Stage 1
primary purpose of the Leviathan
David Hume
48. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
Stage 4
unconditional
Consent Form
heteronomy
49. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest
social contract theory
Vices
autonomy
Professional Code of Ethics
50. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
Moral virtue
informed consent
natural virtues
Kant