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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
Stage 2
Self-knowledge
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
teleology
2. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions
Consent Form
Thomas Hobbes
Vices
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
3. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
components of informed consent
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
Moral virtue
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
4. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
Ethics of care
Ethics
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
The 3 branches of ethics
5. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
Ethics
motivational hedonism
John Rawls
stoic moral virtues
6. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
Stage 6
components of informed consent
Virtue
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
7. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
Ignorance
normative ethics
Doctrine of Virtue
retributive justice
8. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
Act utilitarianism
disclosure of information
normative hedonism
theory of justice as fairness
9. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
feminist ethics
Thomas Hobbes
Thucydides
corrective justice
10. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
hedonic calculus
motivational hedonism
categorical imperatives
Virtue ethics
11. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule
Natural Law Theory
social contract theory
natural virtues
rule utilitarianism
12. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task
Stage 4
consequentialists
covenant
Consent Form
13. To punish subjects who break the law
nonconsequentialist normative theory
social contract theory
Stage 4
primary purpose of the Leviathan
14. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
components of informed consent
unconditional
Natural Law Theory
divine command theory
15. Making exagerated claims about products
Puffery
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
categorical imperatives
covenant
16. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
Virtue ethics
divine command theory
Ethics
informed consent
17. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Doctrine of Virtue
Immanuel Kant
Ethics
18. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
justice
Stage 5
St Thomas Aquinas
19. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
autonomy
retributive justice
consequentialists
Act utilitarianism
20. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
human nature
Thomas Hobbes
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Epictetus
21. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good
Conventional level
Eternal law
Ethics of care
normative hedonism
22. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
Virtue
Ignorance
Stage 4
Enchiridion
23. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
Aristotle
Descriptive ethics
disclosure of information
hypothetical imperatives
24. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride
disclosure of information
Utilitarianism
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Puffery
25. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Moral virtue
motivational hedonism
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
26. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness
motivational hedonism
Happiness
Stage 3
Standard of Happiness
27. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
Golden Mean
Self-knowledge
Pre-conventional level
28. Name the four authors of the Gospels
heteronomy
normative hedonism
Plato
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
29. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
Deontologists
Consent Form
distributive justice
Happiness
30. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
Happiness
teleology
seven features of pleasure
Stage 2
31. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
conflict of interest
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
rule utilitarianism
32. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Stage 4
unconditional
Standards of disclosure
33. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
normative hedonism
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Ethics
informed consent
34. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
autonomy
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Stage 5
retributive justice
35. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties
social contract theory
meta-ethics
Deontologists
Puffery
36. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
Professional Code of Ethics
normative hedonism
disclosure of information
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
37. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
St Thomas Aquinas
Golden Mean
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Leviathan
38. Says we should always do the will of God
teleology
Jeremy Bentham
Ethics of care
nonconsequentialist normative theory
39. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Act utilitarianism
Stage 4
John Stuart Mill
40. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Doctrine of Right
Doctrine of Virtue
41. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Conventional level
Epictetus
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
42. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Post conventional level
normative hedonism
Stage 5
Thomas Hobbes
43. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss
Deontology
John Rawls
social contract theory
corrective justice
44. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure
normative hedonism
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Natural Law Theory
The Books of Law
45. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
feminist ethics
teleology
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Leviathan
46. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
Golden Mean
informed consent
Aristotle
Virtue
47. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas
justice
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
autonomy
Standard of Happiness
48. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Standard of Happiness
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Epictetus
Pre-conventional level
49. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Socrates
artificial virtues
Pre-conventional level
50. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
categorical imperatives
Virtue ethics
Ignorance
paternalism