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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






2. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






3. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






4. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






5. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






6. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






7. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






8. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






9. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






10. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






11. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






12. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






13. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






14. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






15. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






16. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






17. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






18. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






19. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






20. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






21. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






22. Self-mastery according to Kant






23. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






24. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






25. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






26. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






27. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






28. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






29. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






30. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






31. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






32. Name the four authors of the Gospels






33. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






34. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






35. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






36. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






37. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






38. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






39. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






40. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






41. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






42. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






43. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






44. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






45. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






46. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






47. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






48. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






49. Making exagerated claims about products






50. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence