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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






2. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






3. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






4. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






5. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






6. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






7. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






8. To punish subjects who break the law






9. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






10. Name the four authors of the Gospels






11. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






12. Bad character traits






13. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






14. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






15. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






16. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






17. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






18. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






19. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






20. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






21. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






22. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






23. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






24. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






25. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






26. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






27. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






28. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






29. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






30. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






31. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






32. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






33. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






34. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






35. Evidence of a valid consent






36. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






37. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






38. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


39. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






40. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






41. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






42. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






43. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






44. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






45. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






46. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






47. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






48. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






49. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






50. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride