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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






2. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






3. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






4. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






5. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






6. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






7. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






8. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






9. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






10. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






11. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






12. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






13. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






14. Evidence of a valid consent






15. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






16. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






17. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






18. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






19. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






20. Bad character traits






21. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






22. Name the four authors of the Gospels






23. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






24. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






25. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






26. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






27. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






28. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






29. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






30. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






31. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






32. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






33. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






34. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






35. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






36. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






37. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






38. To punish subjects who break the law






39. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






40. Making exagerated claims about products






41. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






42. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






43. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


44. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






45. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






46. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






47. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






48. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






49. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






50. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness