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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






2. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






3. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






4. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






5. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






6. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






7. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






8. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






9. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






10. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






11. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






12. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






13. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






14. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






15. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






16. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






17. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






18. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






19. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






20. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






21. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






22. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






23. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






24. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






25. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






26. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






27. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






28. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






29. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






30. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






31. To punish subjects who break the law






32. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






33. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






34. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






35. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






36. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






37. Making exagerated claims about products






38. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






39. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






40. Self-mastery according to Kant






41. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






42. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






43. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






44. Bad character traits






45. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






46. Name the four authors of the Gospels






47. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






48. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






49. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






50. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics