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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






2. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






3. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






4. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






5. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






6. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






7. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






8. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






9. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






10. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






11. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






12. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






13. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






14. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






15. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






16. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






17. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






18. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






19. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






20. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






21. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


22. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






23. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






24. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






25. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






26. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






27. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






28. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






29. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






30. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






31. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






32. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






33. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






34. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






35. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






36. To punish subjects who break the law






37. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






38. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






39. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






40. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






41. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






42. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






43. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






44. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






45. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






46. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






47. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






48. Self-mastery according to Kant






49. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






50. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal