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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






2. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






3. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






4. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






5. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






6. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






7. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






8. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






9. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






10. Self-mastery according to Kant






11. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






12. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






13. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






14. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






15. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






16. Evidence of a valid consent






17. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






18. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






19. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






20. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






21. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






22. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






23. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






24. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






25. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






26. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






27. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






28. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






29. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






30. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






31. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






32. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






33. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






34. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






35. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






36. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






37. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






38. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






39. To punish subjects who break the law






40. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


41. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






42. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






43. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






44. Making exagerated claims about products






45. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






46. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






47. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






48. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






49. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






50. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)