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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Standards of disclosure
Stage 1
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
2. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Deontology
disclosure of information
Leviathan
Immanuel Kant
3. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
Stage 1
Vices
Happiness
motivational hedonism
4. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
Stage 4
Utilitarianism
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
hedonic calculus
5. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
hypothetical imperatives
rule utilitarianism
Utilitarianism
motivational hedonism
6. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
Whistle blowing
autonomy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
paternalism
7. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude
John Stuart Mill
natural virtues
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
disclosure of information
8. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Immanuel Kant
Doctrine of Right
Stage 1
9. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness
Virtue ethics
John Rawls
informed consent
teleology
10. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
Standards of disclosure
Conventional level
covenant
Puffery
11. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Doctrine of Virtue
Enchiridion
Virtue
12. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
heteronomy
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Stage 4
13. Bad character traits
David Hume
Vices
Post conventional level
Whistle blowing
14. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Stage 6
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Ignorance
15. Self-mastery according to Kant
hedonic calculus
Virtue
John Stuart Mill
Courage
16. Evidence of a valid consent
Consent Form
Ethics of care
Pre-conventional level
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
17. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
categorical imperatives
Jeremy Bentham
Golden Mean
The 3 branches of ethics
18. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good
teleology
Standard of Happiness
Eternal law
normative ethics
19. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
heteronomy
Ethics of care
teleology
Stage 5
20. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence
components of informed consent
Pre-conventional level
Puffery
Plato
21. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Virtue
natural virtues
Moral virtue
22. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this
Stage 4
Ignorance
teleology
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
23. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness
components of informed consent
John Stuart Mill
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
Stage 1
24. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
normative hedonism
Puffery
Eternal law
nonconsequentialist normative theory
25. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed
Stage 5
stoic moral virtues
justice
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
26. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
normative hedonism
Stage 5
Stage 4
Epictetus
27. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
Virtue
Socrates
theonomy
justice
28. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve
primary purpose of the Leviathan
paternalism
teleology
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
29. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
David Hume
Descriptive ethics
Pre-conventional level
Kant
30. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God
theonomy
informed consent
categorical imperatives
Jeremy Bentham
31. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
The Gospels
Virtue ethics
conflict of interest
conditional covenant
32. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
Thomas Hobbes
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
heteronomy
Socrates
33. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
disclosure of information
Conventional level
John Locke
rule utilitarianism
34. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Golden Mean
Virtue ethics
Aristotle
35. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
Descriptive ethics
Natural Law Theory
John Rawls
Stage 2
36. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
Puffery
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
motivational hedonism
Descriptive ethics
37. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Virtue ethics
Courage
Stoic philosphy
covenant
38. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
John Locke
covenant
seven features of pleasure
paternalism
39. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
theory of justice as fairness
Golden Mean
normative ethics
informed consent
40. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter
social contract theory
components of informed consent
St Thomas Aquinas
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
41. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices
Thomas Hobbes
seven features of pleasure
covenant
Whistle blowing
42. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
social contract theory
divine command theory
Standard of Happiness
Enchiridion
43. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Consent Form
social contract theory
Virtue
44. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
Thucydides
Post conventional level
rule utilitarianism
Golden Mean
45. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
social contract theory
John Locke
unconditional
46. Name the four authors of the Gospels
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
components of informed consent
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
nonconsequentialist normative theory
47. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War
Stoic philosphy
teleology
Stage 6
Thucydides
48. Making exagerated claims about products
Puffery
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
hypothetical imperatives
heteronomy
49. Says we should always do the will of God
Professional Code of Ethics
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Eternal law
50. To punish subjects who break the law
Whistle blowing
primary purpose of the Leviathan
Ethics
Plato