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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






2. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






3. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






4. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






5. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






6. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






7. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






8. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






9. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






10. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






11. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






12. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






13. Self-mastery according to Kant






14. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






15. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






16. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






17. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






18. To punish subjects who break the law






19. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






20. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






21. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






22. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






23. Evidence of a valid consent






24. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






25. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






26. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






27. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






28. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






29. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






30. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






31. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






32. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






33. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






34. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






35. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






36. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






37. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






38. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






39. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






40. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






41. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






42. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






43. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






44. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






45. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






46. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






47. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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48. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






49. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






50. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed