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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






2. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






3. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






4. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






5. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






6. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






7. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






8. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






9. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






10. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






11. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






12. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






13. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






14. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






15. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






16. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






17. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






18. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






19. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






20. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






21. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






22. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






23. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






24. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






25. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






26. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






27. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






28. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






29. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






30. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






31. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






32. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






33. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






34. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






35. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






36. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






37. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






38. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






39. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






40. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






41. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






42. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






43. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






44. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






45. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






46. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






47. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






48. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






49. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






50. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal