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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
distributive justice
Post conventional level
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
2. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
disclosure of information
Aristotle
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Socrates
3. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride
informed consent
teleology
theonomy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
4. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
rule utilitarianism
Doctrine of Virtue
Standards of disclosure
Virtue
5. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
Doctrine of Virtue
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Thomas Hobbes
6. Bad character traits
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Vices
divine command theory
David Hume
7. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
David Hume
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Post conventional level
The Gospels
8. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
Utilitarianism
Vices
Happiness
autonomy
9. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
theory of justice as fairness
human nature
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
10. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions
Stage 1
hypothetical imperatives
normative ethics
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
11. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Stage 1
covenant
Professional Code of Ethics
Stage 2
12. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
retributive justice
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
teleology
13. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is
human nature
Stoic philosphy
hedonic calculus
consequentialists
14. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Doctrine of Virtue
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Act utilitarianism
Leviathan
15. Name the four authors of the Gospels
The 3 branches of ethics
feminist ethics
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
artificial virtues
16. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
teleology
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Consent Form
17. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve
hypothetical imperatives
Virtue ethics
Socrates
teleology
18. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
normative hedonism
consequentialists
paternalism
19. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
divine command theory
Virtue ethics
Thomas Hobbes
Socrates
20. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
Ethics
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
categorical imperatives
heteronomy
21. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
St Thomas Aquinas
meta-ethics
retributive justice
Jeremy Bentham
22. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
Standard of Happiness
Plato
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
retributive justice
23. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
teleology
Ethics of care
meta-ethics
David Hume
24. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
rule utilitarianism
motivational hedonism
Post conventional level
hypothetical imperatives
25. The first 5 books of the Old Testament
distributive justice
Happiness
The Books of Law
Standard of Happiness
26. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
Doctrine of Virtue
Stage 2
Epictetus
Happiness
27. To punish subjects who break the law
primary purpose of the Leviathan
paternalism
theory of justice as fairness
David Hume
28. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
hedonic calculus
disclosure of information
Stoic philosphy
29. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
natural virtues
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Stage 4
divine command theory
30. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good
Eternal law
Stage 2
Standards of disclosure
theory of justice as fairness
31. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
Happiness
consequentialists
retributive justice
Stage 4
32. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
informed consent
categorical imperatives
theonomy
Epictetus
33. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
informed consent
Golden Mean
stoic moral virtues
autonomy
34. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
The Gospels
Virtue ethics
theonomy
Stage 5
35. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed
Standards of disclosure
nonconsequentialist normative theory
justice
Professional Code of Ethics
36. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)
Vices
Natural Law Theory
distributive justice
John Stuart Mill
37. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity
virtues
Act utilitarianism
covenant
Stage 2
38. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
disclosure of information
John Stuart Mill
Immanuel Kant
informed consent
39. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
John Stuart Mill
teleology
conditional covenant
Self-knowledge
40. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
Deontologists
Professional Code of Ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
Standards of disclosure
41. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Immanuel Kant
Stage 1
Doctrine of Right
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
42. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
divine command theory
social contract theory
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
motivational hedonism
43. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Eternal law
theonomy
Happiness
Deontology
44. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
virtues
Enchiridion
Ethics
Puffery
45. Evidence of a valid consent
distributive justice
Consent Form
Plato
Deontology
46. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness
Stage 1
components of informed consent
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Utilitarianism
47. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
Act utilitarianism
John Rawls
Natural Law Theory
John Stuart Mill
48. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Ethics of care
Kant
Jeremy Bentham
49. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Virtue
justice
conflict of interest
50. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
paternalism
Doctrine of Right
Conventional level
justice