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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






2. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






3. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






4. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






5. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






6. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






7. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






8. Bad character traits






9. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






10. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






11. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






12. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






13. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






14. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






15. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






16. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






17. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






18. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






19. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






20. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






21. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






22. Self-mastery according to Kant






23. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






24. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






25. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






26. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






27. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






28. To punish subjects who break the law






29. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






30. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






31. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






32. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






33. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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34. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






35. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






36. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






37. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






38. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






39. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






40. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






41. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






42. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






43. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






44. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






45. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






46. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






47. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






48. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






49. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






50. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)