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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
St Thomas Aquinas
Ethics
human nature
rule utilitarianism
2. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
disclosure of information
conflict of interest
Deontologists
consequentialists
3. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Stage 1
Pre-conventional level
autonomy
Ethics of care
4. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
unconditional
Stage 4
Aristotle
The 3 branches of ethics
5. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
Immanuel Kant
Whistle blowing
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
6. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
motivational hedonism
Vices
Moral virtue
distributive justice
7. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task
covenant
Natural Law Theory
Professional Code of Ethics
conflict of interest
8. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
Virtue ethics
Jeremy Bentham
Ignorance
Eternal law
9. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
consequentialists
Doctrine of Virtue
normative hedonism
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
10. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
theory of justice as fairness
Standards of disclosure
Natural Law Theory
Leviathan
11. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
Thucydides
feminist ethics
Plato
heteronomy
12. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness
Self-knowledge
artificial virtues
Ethics
Standard of Happiness
13. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness
Standards of disclosure
John Rawls
informed consent
justice
14. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
Ethics
Conventional level
Immanuel Kant
divine command theory
15. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
teleology
Act utilitarianism
Puffery
normative ethics
16. Self-mastery according to Kant
Courage
Leviathan
Epictetus
John Locke
17. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Virtue
nonconsequentialist normative theory
theory of justice as fairness
18. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
autonomy
St Thomas Aquinas
Self-knowledge
consequentialists
19. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
Leviathan
normative hedonism
meta-ethics
retributive justice
20. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
normative hedonism
primary purpose of the Leviathan
theonomy
Stage 6
21. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
social contract theory
theory of justice as fairness
Descriptive ethics
Plato
22. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Stoic philosphy
Ethics
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
John Stuart Mill
23. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
Stage 5
Stage 2
Stage 6
Doctrine of Right
24. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
Enchiridion
Act utilitarianism
teleology
Conventional level
25. Name the four authors of the Gospels
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
social contract theory
Stage 2
Standards of disclosure
26. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest
Conventional level
Stage 1
hedonic calculus
Professional Code of Ethics
27. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.
John Locke
Descriptive ethics
Stage 6
St Thomas Aquinas
28. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
Deontology
Ethics of care
Epictetus
29. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
Utilitarianism
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Act utilitarianism
Thucydides
30. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy
consequentialists
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Stage 3
justice
31. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
Post conventional level
unconditional
heteronomy
hypothetical imperatives
32. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this
Vices
Ignorance
Ethics of care
Conventional level
33. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
Conventional level
Ethics
autonomy
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
34. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
Golden Mean
conditional covenant
meta-ethics
Self-knowledge
35. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)
stoic moral virtues
John Stuart Mill
Conventional level
Plato
36. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment
disclosure of information
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
teleology
retributive justice
37. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
heteronomy
stoic moral virtues
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
Kant
38. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
Utilitarianism
Act utilitarianism
paternalism
The Books of Law
39. Evidence of a valid consent
theonomy
Consent Form
Ignorance
unconditional
40. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament
Stage 4
Socrates
The Gospels
Whistle blowing
41. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Stage 1
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Enchiridion
conditional covenant
42. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Stage 4
St Thomas Aquinas
conflict of interest
feminist ethics
43. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
Kant
Socrates
Natural Law Theory
Vices
44. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government
John Stuart Mill
artificial virtues
Virtue
Stage 5
45. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
conflict of interest
Post conventional level
Happiness
Stage 5
46. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
Deontology
Ethics of care
Deontologists
Stage 1
47. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
Doctrine of Virtue
David Hume
Pre-conventional level
Stage 5
48. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
Stoic philosphy
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
unconditional
Moral virtue
49. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
conditional covenant
Plato
Consent Form
50. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Utilitarianism
categorical imperatives
nonconsequentialist normative theory
disclosure of information