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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






2. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






3. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






4. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






5. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






6. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






7. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






8. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






9. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






10. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






11. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






12. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






13. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






14. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






15. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






16. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






17. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






18. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






19. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






20. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






21. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






22. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






23. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






24. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






25. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






26. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






27. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






28. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






29. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






30. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






31. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






32. Says we should always do the will of God






33. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






34. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






35. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






36. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






37. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






38. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






39. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






40. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






41. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






42. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


43. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






44. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






45. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






46. Bad character traits






47. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






48. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






49. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






50. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control