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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






2. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






3. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






4. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






5. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






6. Bad character traits






7. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






8. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






9. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






10. To punish subjects who break the law






11. Making exagerated claims about products






12. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






13. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






14. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






15. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






16. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






17. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






18. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






19. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






20. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






21. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






22. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






23. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






24. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






25. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






26. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






27. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






28. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






29. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






30. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






31. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






32. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






33. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






34. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






35. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






36. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






37. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






38. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






39. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






40. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






41. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






42. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






43. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






44. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






45. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






46. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






47. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






48. Self-mastery according to Kant






49. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






50. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular