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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






2. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






3. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






4. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






5. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






6. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






7. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






8. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






9. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






10. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






11. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






12. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






13. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






14. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






15. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






16. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






17. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






18. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






19. Making exagerated claims about products






20. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






21. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






22. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






23. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






24. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






25. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






26. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






27. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






28. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






29. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






30. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






31. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






32. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






33. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






34. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






35. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






36. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






37. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






38. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






39. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






40. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


41. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






42. Self-mastery according to Kant






43. Name the four authors of the Gospels






44. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






45. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






46. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






47. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






48. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






49. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






50. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation