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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






2. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






3. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






4. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






5. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






6. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






7. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






8. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






9. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






10. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






11. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






12. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






13. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






14. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






15. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






16. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






17. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






18. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






19. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






20. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


21. Self-mastery according to Kant






22. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






23. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






24. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






25. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






26. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






27. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






28. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






29. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






30. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






31. Name the four authors of the Gospels






32. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






33. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






34. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






35. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






36. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






37. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






38. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






39. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






40. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






41. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






42. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






43. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






44. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






45. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






46. Says we should always do the will of God






47. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






48. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






49. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






50. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism