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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






2. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






3. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






4. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






5. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






6. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






7. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






8. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






9. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


10. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






11. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






12. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






13. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






14. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






15. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






16. Bad character traits






17. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






18. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






19. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






20. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






21. Evidence of a valid consent






22. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






23. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






24. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






25. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






26. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






27. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






28. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






29. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






30. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






31. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






32. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






33. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






34. Making exagerated claims about products






35. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






36. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






37. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






38. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






39. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






40. Name the four authors of the Gospels






41. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






42. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






43. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






44. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






45. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






46. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






47. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






48. Self-mastery according to Kant






49. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






50. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue