Test your basic knowledge |

DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






2. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






3. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






4. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






5. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






6. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






7. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






8. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






9. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






10. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






11. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






12. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






13. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






14. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






15. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






16. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






17. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






18. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






19. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






20. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






21. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






22. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






23. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






24. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






25. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






26. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






27. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






28. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






29. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






30. Evidence of a valid consent






31. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






32. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






33. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






34. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






35. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






36. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






37. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






38. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






39. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






40. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






41. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






42. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






43. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






44. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






45. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






46. Says we should always do the will of God






47. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






48. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






49. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






50. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess