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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
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Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning
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2. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve
informed consent
teleology
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jeremy Bentham
3. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
unconditional
normative ethics
justice
Kant
4. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
Stage 5
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
John Stuart Mill
5. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Stage 4
Standards of disclosure
Deontologists
6. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
teleology
normative ethics
theonomy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
7. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
Virtue
conflict of interest
Kant
Virtue ethics
8. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Self-knowledge
Enchiridion
Utilitarianism
Leviathan
9. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
Doctrine of Virtue
Stage 3
St Thomas Aquinas
Standards of disclosure
10. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
divine command theory
The Books of Law
Puffery
Aristotle
11. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
Stage 2
conditional covenant
Puffery
Self-knowledge
12. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Deontology
John Locke
normative ethics
justice
13. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
John Stuart Mill
seven features of pleasure
Pre-conventional level
Act utilitarianism
14. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
teleology
human nature
Stage 1
John Locke
15. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy
Stage 3
Thomas Hobbes
John Rawls
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
16. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
social contract theory
17. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens
corrective justice
distributive justice
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
covenant
18. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
social contract theory
human nature
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Whistle blowing
19. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
virtues
Stage 2
Pre-conventional level
motivational hedonism
20. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society
Natural Law Theory
John Stuart Mill
Conventional level
human nature
21. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
hedonic calculus
Moral virtue
consequentialists
Jeremy Bentham
22. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
retributive justice
The 3 branches of ethics
Leviathan
Virtue
23. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness
meta-ethics
components of informed consent
feminist ethics
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
24. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
Standard of Happiness
John Stuart Mill
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Leviathan
25. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Descriptive ethics
Thucydides
26. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Stage 1
Stage 4
Ignorance
justice
27. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness
stoic moral virtues
John Rawls
Moral virtue
Courage
28. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance
Happiness
stoic moral virtues
feminist ethics
components of informed consent
29. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
Standards of disclosure
Stage 6
Happiness
Socrates
30. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
Doctrine of Right
Professional Code of Ethics
Epictetus
justice
31. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly
normative hedonism
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
components of informed consent
Stage 6
32. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
artificial virtues
conflict of interest
rule utilitarianism
David Hume
33. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Stoic philosphy
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Ethics
Stage 3
34. Name the four authors of the Gospels
distributive justice
Courage
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
Ethics of care
35. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
virtues
John Rawls
David Hume
Self-knowledge
36. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
hypothetical imperatives
Enchiridion
social contract theory
Jeremy Bentham
37. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
justice
covenant
normative hedonism
38. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task
primary purpose of the Leviathan
covenant
Ethics
hypothetical imperatives
39. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity
theory of justice as fairness
virtues
Stage 5
Ethics of care
40. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
normative ethics
Doctrine of Right
Golden Mean
Aristotle
41. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
Self-knowledge
Golden Mean
social contract theory
Leviathan
42. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament
The Gospels
Jeremy Bentham
natural virtues
corrective justice
43. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Leviathan
retributive justice
Consent Form
Golden Mean
44. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
categorical imperatives
Pre-conventional level
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
45. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
Whistle blowing
Act utilitarianism
natural virtues
Stage 6
46. To punish subjects who break the law
Vices
Stoic philosphy
Descriptive ethics
primary purpose of the Leviathan
47. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
consequentialists
Immanuel Kant
Doctrine of Virtue
distributive justice
48. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss
teleology
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
corrective justice
49. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule
theonomy
covenant
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
social contract theory
50. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
distributive justice
primary purpose of the Leviathan
John Stuart Mill
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