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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






2. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






3. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






4. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






5. Making exagerated claims about products






6. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






7. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






8. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






9. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






10. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






11. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






12. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






13. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






14. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






15. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






16. To punish subjects who break the law






17. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


18. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






19. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






20. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






21. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






22. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






23. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






24. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






25. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






26. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






27. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






28. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






29. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






30. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






31. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






32. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






33. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






34. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






35. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






36. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






37. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






38. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






39. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






40. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






41. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






42. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






43. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






44. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






45. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






46. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






47. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






48. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






49. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






50. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern