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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






2. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






3. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






4. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






5. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






6. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






7. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






8. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






9. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






10. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






11. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






12. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






13. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






14. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






15. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






16. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






17. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






18. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






19. Name the four authors of the Gospels






20. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






21. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






22. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






23. Says we should always do the will of God






24. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






25. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






26. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






27. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






28. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






29. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






30. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






31. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






32. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






33. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






34. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






35. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






36. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






37. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






38. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






39. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






40. Bad character traits






41. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






42. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






43. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






44. Evidence of a valid consent






45. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






46. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






47. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






48. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






49. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






50. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government