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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






2. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






3. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






4. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






5. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






6. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






7. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






8. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






9. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






10. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






11. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






12. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






13. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






14. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






15. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






16. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


17. Bad character traits






18. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






19. Making exagerated claims about products






20. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






21. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






22. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






23. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






24. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






25. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






26. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






27. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






28. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






29. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






30. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






31. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






32. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






33. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






34. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






35. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






36. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






37. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






38. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






39. Evidence of a valid consent






40. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






41. Says we should always do the will of God






42. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






43. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






44. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






45. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






46. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






47. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






48. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






49. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






50. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment