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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






2. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






3. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






4. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






5. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






6. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






7. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






8. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






9. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






10. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






11. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






12. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






13. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






14. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






15. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






16. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






17. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






18. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






19. Self-mastery according to Kant






20. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






21. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






22. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






23. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






24. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






25. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






26. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






27. Name the four authors of the Gospels






28. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






29. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






30. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






31. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






32. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






33. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






34. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






35. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






36. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






37. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






38. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






39. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






40. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






41. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






42. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






43. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






44. Evidence of a valid consent






45. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






46. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






47. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






48. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






49. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






50. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people