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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
Standard of Happiness
Aristotle
normative ethics
autonomy
2. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this
Ignorance
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
Plato
heteronomy
3. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
David Hume
components of informed consent
Ethics
John Stuart Mill
4. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Plato
Ethics
5. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern
Virtue ethics
retributive justice
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Pre-conventional level
6. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
Socrates
teleology
Descriptive ethics
7. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Socrates
Thomas Hobbes
Stage 2
8. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
meta-ethics
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
normative hedonism
conflict of interest
9. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions
Happiness
covenant
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Self-knowledge
10. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
Ignorance
Utilitarianism
human nature
Enchiridion
11. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
John Locke
Utilitarianism
Virtue
stoic moral virtues
12. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
meta-ethics
Stage 2
Jeremy Bentham
Puffery
13. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
theonomy
David Hume
consequentialists
Act utilitarianism
14. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
Vices
Ethics
stoic moral virtues
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
15. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task
covenant
Self-knowledge
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Whistle blowing
16. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss
Jeremy Bentham
Pre-conventional level
conditional covenant
corrective justice
17. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Pre-conventional level
Act utilitarianism
Stage 4
18. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
heteronomy
human nature
theonomy
The Books of Law
19. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
retributive justice
distributive justice
heteronomy
Whistle blowing
20. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
divine command theory
normative hedonism
hedonic calculus
Stoic philosphy
21. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
artificial virtues
Immanuel Kant
The 3 branches of ethics
Natural Law Theory
22. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
David Hume
Ignorance
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Post conventional level
23. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
paternalism
unconditional
Plato
John Locke
24. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
Utilitarianism
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
The 3 branches of ethics
components of informed consent
25. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision
informed consent
Vices
justice
teleology
26. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Golden Mean
Deontology
theonomy
normative ethics
27. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
Act utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham
Descriptive ethics
Virtue
28. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
Immanuel Kant
autonomy
artificial virtues
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
29. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
Enchiridion
Consent Form
meta-ethics
normative ethics
30. Evidence of a valid consent
Consent Form
theonomy
Stage 3
disclosure of information
31. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Doctrine of Right
heteronomy
Post conventional level
Aristotle
32. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Act utilitarianism
informed consent
conditional covenant
33. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
unconditional
hypothetical imperatives
Conventional level
Stage 1
34. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Act utilitarianism
Whistle blowing
The Gospels
35. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
Standards of disclosure
Stage 5
Vices
Socrates
36. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional
John Locke
conflict of interest
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Jeremy Bentham
37. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Happiness
Utilitarianism
hypothetical imperatives
autonomy
38. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure
Thomas Hobbes
autonomy
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
rule utilitarianism
39. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
John Stuart Mill
Professional Code of Ethics
Puffery
40. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
hypothetical imperatives
normative ethics
Pre-conventional level
conflict of interest
41. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Leviathan
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
David Hume
Happiness
42. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
theory of justice as fairness
Deontologists
David Hume
Post conventional level
43. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Stage 1
Immanuel Kant
Stage 3
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
44. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Stage 6
Utilitarianism
Stage 4
artificial virtues
45. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard
Pre-conventional level
Standards of disclosure
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Virtue
46. Says we should always do the will of God
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Ignorance
Self-knowledge
hedonic calculus
47. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
autonomy
Descriptive ethics
David Hume
48. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
Kant
Post conventional level
John Rawls
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
49. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Standards of disclosure
theonomy
Deontology
50. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
Whistle blowing
Deontologists
Golden Mean
Aristotle