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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






2. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






3. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






4. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






5. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






6. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






7. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






8. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






9. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






10. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






11. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






12. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






13. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






14. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






15. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






16. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






17. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






18. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






19. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






20. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






21. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






22. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






23. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






24. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


25. Says we should always do the will of God






26. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






27. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






28. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






29. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






30. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






31. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






32. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






33. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






34. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






35. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






36. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






37. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






38. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






39. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






40. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






41. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






42. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






43. Name the four authors of the Gospels






44. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






45. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






46. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






47. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






48. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






49. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






50. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)