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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






2. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






3. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






4. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






5. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






6. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






7. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






8. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






9. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






10. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






11. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






12. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






13. Bad character traits






14. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






15. Self-mastery according to Kant






16. Evidence of a valid consent






17. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






18. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






19. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






20. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






21. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






22. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






23. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






24. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






25. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






26. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






27. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






28. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






29. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






30. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






31. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






32. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






33. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






34. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






35. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






36. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






37. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






38. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






39. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






40. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






41. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






42. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






43. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






44. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






45. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






46. Name the four authors of the Gospels






47. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






48. Making exagerated claims about products






49. Says we should always do the will of God






50. To punish subjects who break the law