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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






2. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






3. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






4. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






5. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






6. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






7. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






8. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






9. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






10. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






11. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






12. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






13. Making exagerated claims about products






14. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






15. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






16. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






17. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






18. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






19. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






20. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






21. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






22. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






23. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






24. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






25. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






26. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






27. Evidence of a valid consent






28. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






29. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






30. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






31. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






32. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






33. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






34. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






35. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






36. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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37. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






38. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






39. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






40. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






41. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






42. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






43. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






44. To punish subjects who break the law






45. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






46. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






47. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






48. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






49. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






50. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision