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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






2. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






3. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






4. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






5. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






6. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






7. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






8. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






9. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






10. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






11. Says we should always do the will of God






12. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






13. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






14. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






15. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






16. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






17. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






18. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






19. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






20. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






21. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






22. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






23. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






24. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






25. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






26. Name the four authors of the Gospels






27. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






28. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






29. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






30. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






31. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






32. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






33. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






34. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






35. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






36. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






37. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






38. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






39. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






40. Bad character traits






41. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






42. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






43. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






44. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






45. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






46. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






47. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






48. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






49. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






50. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control