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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






2. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






3. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






4. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






5. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






6. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






7. Bad character traits






8. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






9. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






10. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






11. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






12. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






13. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






14. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






15. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






16. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






17. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






18. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






19. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






20. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






21. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






22. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






23. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






24. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






25. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






26. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






27. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






28. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






29. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






30. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






31. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






32. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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33. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






34. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






35. Self-mastery according to Kant






36. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






37. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






38. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






39. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






40. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






41. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






42. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






43. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






44. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






45. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






46. Evidence of a valid consent






47. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






48. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






49. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






50. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)