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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






2. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






3. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






4. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






5. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






6. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






7. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






8. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






9. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






10. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






11. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






12. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






13. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






14. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






15. Says we should always do the will of God






16. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






17. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






18. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






19. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






20. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






21. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






22. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






23. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






24. Name the four authors of the Gospels






25. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






26. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






27. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






28. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






29. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






30. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






31. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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32. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






33. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






34. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






35. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






36. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






37. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






38. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






39. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






40. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






41. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






42. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






43. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






44. Self-mastery according to Kant






45. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






46. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






47. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






48. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






49. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






50. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?