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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
motivational hedonism
Aristotle
rule utilitarianism
components of informed consent
2. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue
consequentialists
Professional Code of Ethics
Moral virtue
Ethics of care
3. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Doctrine of Right
Professional Code of Ethics
Standards of disclosure
Stage 1
4. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
Enchiridion
Stage 1
The Gospels
Stage 3
5. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas
feminist ethics
autonomy
Ignorance
Stage 6
6. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude
John Stuart Mill
John Locke
Descriptive ethics
natural virtues
7. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are
Standards of disclosure
Ethics of care
human nature
Virtue ethics
8. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Deontology
Leviathan
normative ethics
9. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Leviathan
Ignorance
consequentialists
10. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
Epictetus
The Gospels
Moral virtue
Stage 4
11. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
conditional covenant
retributive justice
seven features of pleasure
Descriptive ethics
12. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
John Rawls
autonomy
Pre-conventional level
human nature
13. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this
natural virtues
Ignorance
Standard of Happiness
The Books of Law
14. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
Self-knowledge
Thucydides
Moral virtue
Utilitarianism
15. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
normative ethics
16. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
John Stuart Mill
Stage 2
Stage 5
Jeremy Bentham
17. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
conflict of interest
Ethics
retributive justice
18. The first 5 books of the Old Testament
Plato
The Books of Law
Virtue
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
19. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
Kant
rule utilitarianism
categorical imperatives
conditional covenant
20. Self-mastery according to Kant
Doctrine of Right
Courage
teleology
Aristotle
21. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness
John Rawls
justice
Thucydides
social contract theory
22. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
hedonic calculus
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
feminist ethics
Aristotle
23. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
Stage 1
Natural Law Theory
Virtue
Ethics
24. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
Professional Code of Ethics
divine command theory
justice
meta-ethics
25. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning
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26. To punish subjects who break the law
consequentialists
conditional covenant
autonomy
primary purpose of the Leviathan
27. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Doctrine of Right
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Thucydides
Golden Mean
28. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
theory of justice as fairness
normative hedonism
Enchiridion
The Gospels
29. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Moral virtue
paternalism
The 3 branches of ethics
30. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
divine command theory
Thomas Hobbes
Descriptive ethics
meta-ethics
31. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
categorical imperatives
motivational hedonism
Virtue
Golden Mean
32. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Standard of Happiness
John Locke
Utilitarianism
theonomy
33. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness
David Hume
Plato
components of informed consent
Stage 4
34. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
hedonic calculus
Consent Form
covenant
35. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
informed consent
Jeremy Bentham
Virtue ethics
36. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
paternalism
retributive justice
seven features of pleasure
Virtue
37. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
hypothetical imperatives
Standards of disclosure
Stage 4
38. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control
hypothetical imperatives
consequentialists
conflict of interest
Kant
39. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
retributive justice
Act utilitarianism
virtues
Stage 4
40. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
David Hume
distributive justice
motivational hedonism
41. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment
disclosure of information
Stage 4
Standards of disclosure
Moral virtue
42. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Consent Form
paternalism
43. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
Descriptive ethics
The Gospels
artificial virtues
theonomy
44. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people
teleology
normative hedonism
Stoic philosphy
Act utilitarianism
45. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Utilitarianism
Consent Form
Leviathan
Pre-conventional level
46. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
Descriptive ethics
Socrates
artificial virtues
Stoic philosphy
47. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
Doctrine of Virtue
hypothetical imperatives
retributive justice
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
48. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.
social contract theory
John Locke
Ignorance
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
49. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
Consent Form
Moral virtue
David Hume
Stage 2
50. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
Professional Code of Ethics
normative hedonism
components of informed consent
Ethics of care