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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






2. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






3. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






4. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






5. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






6. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






7. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






8. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






9. Self-mastery according to Kant






10. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






11. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






12. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






13. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






14. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






15. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






16. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






17. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






18. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






19. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






20. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






21. Says we should always do the will of God






22. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






23. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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24. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






25. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






26. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






27. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






28. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






29. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






30. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






31. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






32. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






33. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






34. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






35. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






36. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






37. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






38. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






39. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






40. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






41. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






42. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






43. Evidence of a valid consent






44. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






45. Making exagerated claims about products






46. To punish subjects who break the law






47. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






48. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






49. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






50. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason