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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






2. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






3. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






4. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






5. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






6. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






7. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






8. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






9. Says we should always do the will of God






10. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






11. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






12. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






13. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






14. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






15. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






16. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






17. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






18. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






19. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






20. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






21. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






22. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






23. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






24. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






25. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






26. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






27. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






28. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






29. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






30. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






31. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






32. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






33. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






34. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






35. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






36. Evidence of a valid consent






37. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






38. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






39. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






40. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






41. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






42. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






43. Bad character traits






44. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






45. To punish subjects who break the law






46. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






47. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






48. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






49. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






50. Making exagerated claims about products