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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






2. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






3. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






4. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






5. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






6. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






7. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






8. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






9. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






10. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






11. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






12. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






13. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






14. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






15. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






16. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






17. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






18. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






19. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






20. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






21. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






22. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






23. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






24. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






25. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






26. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






27. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






28. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






29. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






30. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






31. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






32. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






33. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






34. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






35. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






36. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






37. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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38. Evidence of a valid consent






39. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






40. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






41. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






42. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






43. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






44. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






45. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






46. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






47. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






48. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






49. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






50. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)







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