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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






2. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






3. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






4. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






5. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






6. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






7. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






8. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






9. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






10. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






11. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






12. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






13. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






14. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






15. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






16. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






17. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






18. Says we should always do the will of God






19. Making exagerated claims about products






20. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


21. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






22. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






23. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






24. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






25. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






26. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






27. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






28. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






29. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






30. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






31. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






32. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






33. To punish subjects who break the law






34. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






35. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






36. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






37. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






38. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






39. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






40. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






41. Self-mastery according to Kant






42. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






43. Evidence of a valid consent






44. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






45. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






46. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






47. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






48. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






49. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






50. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament