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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






2. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






3. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






4. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






5. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






6. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






7. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






8. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






9. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






10. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






11. Evidence of a valid consent






12. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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13. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






14. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






15. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






16. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






17. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






18. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






19. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






20. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






21. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






22. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






23. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






24. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






25. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






26. To punish subjects who break the law






27. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






28. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






29. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






30. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






31. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






32. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






33. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






34. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






35. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






36. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






37. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






38. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






39. Name the four authors of the Gospels






40. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






41. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






42. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






43. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






44. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






45. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






46. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






47. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






48. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






49. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






50. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system