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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






2. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






3. Says we should always do the will of God






4. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






5. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






6. To punish subjects who break the law






7. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






8. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






9. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






10. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






11. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






12. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






13. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






14. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






15. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






16. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






17. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






18. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






19. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






20. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






21. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






22. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






23. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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24. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






25. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






26. Bad character traits






27. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






28. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






29. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






30. Self-mastery according to Kant






31. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience






32. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






33. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






34. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices






35. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






36. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






37. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






38. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






39. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






40. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






41. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






42. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






43. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






44. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






45. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






46. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






47. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






48. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






49. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






50. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing