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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Making exagerated claims about products
normative ethics
Stoic philosphy
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Puffery
2. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
Doctrine of Virtue
Doctrine of Right
Plato
Aristotle
3. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
John Rawls
Utilitarianism
categorical imperatives
virtues
4. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
Jeremy Bentham
Standard of Happiness
Stage 6
Leviathan
5. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.
Standards of disclosure
Stage 4
Happiness
John Locke
6. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
teleology
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Plato
7. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are
Jeremy Bentham
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
human nature
nonconsequentialist normative theory
8. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life
Self-knowledge
autonomy
meta-ethics
Stage 4
9. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
corrective justice
John Stuart Mill
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
divine command theory
10. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
Ignorance
corrective justice
Stage 1
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
11. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
Stage 1
retributive justice
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
distributive justice
12. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
Ethics
Stage 4
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
artificial virtues
13. Bad character traits
corrective justice
normative hedonism
theory of justice as fairness
Vices
14. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment
Kant
Moral virtue
disclosure of information
justice
15. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness
feminist ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
Standard of Happiness
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
16. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter
Stage 2
St Thomas Aquinas
Vices
The Gospels
17. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
Standards of disclosure
Courage
Virtue
consequentialists
18. To punish subjects who break the law
unconditional
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
primary purpose of the Leviathan
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
19. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
hypothetical imperatives
Kant
Plato
conflict of interest
20. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional
Thucydides
conditional covenant
meta-ethics
conflict of interest
21. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good
Standard of Happiness
Virtue
Act utilitarianism
Eternal law
22. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
consequentialists
motivational hedonism
conditional covenant
Ethics
23. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity
Ignorance
Eternal law
virtues
Doctrine of Virtue
24. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
Moral virtue
rule utilitarianism
social contract theory
categorical imperatives
25. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
Socrates
Stage 3
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
heteronomy
26. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War
Thucydides
covenant
Aristotle
Stage 2
27. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Natural Law Theory
justice
John Locke
28. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Moral virtue
John Stuart Mill
seven features of pleasure
29. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens
distributive justice
conditional covenant
justice
St Thomas Aquinas
30. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Stoic philosphy
John Locke
Conventional level
retributive justice
31. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
Stage 2
distributive justice
conditional covenant
Thucydides
32. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
John Locke
covenant
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
33. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue
Vices
theory of justice as fairness
John Stuart Mill
Immanuel Kant
34. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
The Gospels
paternalism
meta-ethics
informed consent
35. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
meta-ethics
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Utilitarianism
Professional Code of Ethics
36. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
Thomas Hobbes
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
social contract theory
Vices
37. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament
Descriptive ethics
unconditional
Eternal law
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
38. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
Happiness
Doctrine of Right
Kant
Ethics of care
39. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
primary purpose of the Leviathan
Conventional level
Natural Law Theory
Epictetus
40. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system
Professional Code of Ethics
motivational hedonism
theory of justice as fairness
Epictetus
41. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
Eternal law
normative hedonism
Conventional level
42. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
Leviathan
feminist ethics
Aristotle
conflict of interest
43. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
Aristotle
conditional covenant
divine command theory
motivational hedonism
44. The first 5 books of the Old Testament
theonomy
normative hedonism
Thucydides
The Books of Law
45. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Deontology
theonomy
Eternal law
rule utilitarianism
46. Says we should always do the will of God
Pre-conventional level
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Hedonistic Utilitarianism
Professional Code of Ethics
47. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
nonconsequentialist normative theory
The Gospels
Thomas Hobbes
categorical imperatives
48. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Ethics of care
Stage 4
Self-knowledge
John Stuart Mill
49. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
autonomy
Stage 4
Stage 3
50. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision
corrective justice
covenant
Post conventional level
informed consent