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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






2. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






3. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






4. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






5. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






6. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






7. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






8. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






9. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






10. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






11. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






12. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






13. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






14. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






15. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






16. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






17. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






18. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






19. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






20. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






21. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






22. Making exagerated claims about products






23. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






24. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






25. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






26. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






27. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






28. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






29. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






30. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






31. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






32. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






33. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






34. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






35. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






36. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






37. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






38. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






39. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






40. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






41. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






42. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






43. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






44. To punish subjects who break the law






45. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






46. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






47. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






48. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






49. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






50. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships