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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






2. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






3. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






4. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






5. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






6. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






7. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






8. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






9. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






10. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






11. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






12. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






13. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






14. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






15. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






16. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






17. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






18. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






19. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


20. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






21. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






22. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






23. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






24. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






25. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






26. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






27. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






28. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






29. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






30. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






31. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






32. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






33. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






34. Self-mastery according to Kant






35. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






36. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






37. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






38. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






39. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






40. Making exagerated claims about products






41. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






42. Name the four authors of the Gospels






43. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






44. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






45. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






46. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






47. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






48. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






49. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






50. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions