Test your basic knowledge |

DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






2. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






3. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






4. Self-mastery according to Kant






5. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






6. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






7. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






8. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






9. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






10. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






11. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






12. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






13. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






14. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






15. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






16. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






17. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






18. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion






19. Bad character traits






20. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






21. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






22. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






23. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






24. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






25. To punish subjects who break the law






26. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






27. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






28. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






29. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






30. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






31. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






32. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






33. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






34. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






35. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






36. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






37. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






38. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






39. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






40. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






41. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






42. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






43. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






44. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






45. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






46. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






47. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






48. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






49. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






50. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people