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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






2. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






3. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






4. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






5. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






6. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






7. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss






8. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






9. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






10. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






11. Self-mastery according to Kant






12. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






13. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






14. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






15. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






16. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern






17. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






18. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






19. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






20. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






21. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






22. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






23. Tell about the life and ministry of Jesus - in the New Testament






24. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






25. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence






26. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






27. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






28. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task






29. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






30. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






31. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






32. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






33. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






34. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






35. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






36. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






37. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






38. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






39. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






40. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






41. Says we should always do the will of God






42. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






43. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






44. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






45. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






46. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






47. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved






48. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






49. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






50. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment