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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






2. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance






3. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






4. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






5. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






6. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






7. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






8. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






9. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






10. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






11. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






12. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






13. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






14. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






15. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






16. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly






17. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






18. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






19. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






20. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter






21. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






22. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning


23. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






24. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






25. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






26. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






27. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






28. Making exagerated claims about products






29. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






30. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






31. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






32. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






33. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






34. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






35. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






36. Bad character traits






37. Name the four authors of the Gospels






38. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something






39. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






40. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






41. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






42. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






43. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






44. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






45. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness






46. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






47. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






48. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






49. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






50. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)