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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism
divine command theory
theonomy
motivational hedonism
consequentialists
2. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature
Leviathan
Stage 6
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
Happiness
3. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict
Aristotle
Kant
Professional Code of Ethics
Socrates
4. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is
hedonic calculus
Ignorance
primary purpose of the Leviathan
retributive justice
5. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements
Conventional level
Stage 5
Epictetus
Doctrine of Virtue
6. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
Jeremy Bentham
John Locke
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
Ignorance
7. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships
Virtue ethics
David Hume
rule utilitarianism
Stage 2
8. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing
Moral virtue
retributive justice
artificial virtues
St Thomas Aquinas
9. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Standards of disclosure
Stage 1
seven features of pleasure
Golden Mean
10. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Jeremy Bentham
Stage 3
social contract theory
11. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
categorical imperatives
Enchiridion
human nature
12. Bad character traits
Deontology
retributive justice
normative hedonism
Vices
13. Says we should always do the will of God
Ethics
nonconsequentialist normative theory
Virtue ethics
Golden Mean
14. Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness
paternalism
Descriptive ethics
theonomy
Standard of Happiness
15. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.
John Locke
The Books of Law
Act utilitarianism
autonomy
16. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
categorical imperatives
Ignorance
feminist ethics
The 3 branches of ethics
17. Explores when and how to compensate someone for a loss
Post conventional level
corrective justice
John Stuart Mill
hedonic calculus
18. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about
Virtue
justice
consequentialists
Stage 3
19. Making exagerated claims about products
retributive justice
Socrates
Puffery
The 3 branches of ethics
20. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
unconditional
meta-ethics
Thomas Hobbes
normative ethics
21. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
Ethics
Ignorance
John Rawls
components of informed consent
22. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly
theory of justice as fairness
Thomas Hobbes
hypothetical imperatives
natural virtues
23. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
conflict of interest
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
John Stuart Mill
24. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
components of informed consent
John Locke
Enchiridion
hypothetical imperatives
25. To punish subjects who break the law
normative hedonism
corrective justice
Vices
primary purpose of the Leviathan
26. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude
natural virtues
Virtue
Standard of Happiness
virtues
27. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
The 3 branches of ethics
motivational hedonism
David Hume
Doctrine of Virtue
28. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)
John Rawls
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
Jeremy Bentham
retributive justice
29. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)
covenant
categorical imperatives
John Stuart Mill
heteronomy
30. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Ethics
justice
Stage 4
Courage
31. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
heteronomy
virtues
theory of justice as fairness
stoic moral virtues
32. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
Stage 1
categorical imperatives
retributive justice
seven features of pleasure
33. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Epictetus
disclosure of information
34. Moral character - a theory of morality that makes virtue the central concern
conditional covenant
distributive justice
Virtue ethics
natural virtues
35. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
Stage 3
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
feminist ethics
corrective justice
36. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
theonomy
Thomas Hobbes
rule utilitarianism
Self-knowledge
37. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society
artificial virtues
conditional covenant
normative ethics
Stoic philosphy
38. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
Descriptive ethics
Happiness
Jeremy Bentham
Doctrine of Right
39. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas
Kant
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
covenant
Puffery
40. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties
Deontologists
consequentialists
Stage 3
Leviathan
41. Name the four authors of the Gospels
conditional covenant
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
rule utilitarianism
heteronomy
42. Prudence - courage - justice - temperance
Thucydides
Standard of Happiness
stoic moral virtues
Stage 1
43. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
Deontology
consequentialists
Self-knowledge
human nature
44. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest
Professional Code of Ethics
The Books of Law
Virtue
John Rawls
45. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
Stage 6
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
components of informed consent
Stage 1
46. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism
Golden Mean
Enchiridion
David Hume
informed consent
47. A contract or agreement between two parties to complete a task
natural virtues
Jeremy Bentham
Stage 3
covenant
48. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society
St Thomas Aquinas
autonomy
Act utilitarianism
Natural Law Theory
49. Disclosing information to outside sources without permission of the company regarding unethical practices
Golden Mean
Stage 4
hedonic calculus
Whistle blowing
50. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning