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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






2. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






3. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






4. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






5. Name the first 5 books of the Old Testament






6. Bad character traits






7. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






8. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this






9. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






10. Competition over material good; general distrust; glory of powerful positions






11. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






12. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






13. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






14. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






15. Name the four authors of the Gospels






16. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation






17. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






18. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






19. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






20. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives






21. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






22. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






23. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)






24. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






25. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






26. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






27. To punish subjects who break the law






28. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






29. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






30. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






31. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






32. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires






33. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess






34. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






35. Applied to determine on what basis scarce resources will be distributed or alternatively on what basis burdens will be distributed






36. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






37. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






38. Divides moral philosophy into two domains - justice or law and ethics or virtue






39. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






40. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard






41. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






42. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






43. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






44. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






45. Evidence of a valid consent






46. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






47. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






48. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






49. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






50. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm