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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Ethics In America 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
civics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature
Stage 3
The Books of Law
Thomas Hobbes
Epictetus
2. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society
unconditional
feminist ethics
theory of justice as fairness
Natural Law Theory
3. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)
Whistle blowing
Immanuel Kant
Kohlberg's six stages of moral development
Stage 4
4. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
St Thomas Aquinas
Natural Law Theory
Golden Mean
5. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)
Stage 2
Deontologists
artificial virtues
Descriptive ethics
6. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides
Utilitarianism
seven features of pleasure
Stage 2
theonomy
7. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul
Aristotle
teleology
human nature
Pre-conventional level
8. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue
hypothetical imperatives
Post conventional level
categorical imperatives
Moral virtue
9. Practicality; help citizens orient themselves within their own social world; probe the limits of practicable political possibility; reconciliation
categorical imperatives
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
divine command theory
Aristotle
10. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm
The 3 branches of ethics
paternalism
Doctrine of Right
theory of justice as fairness
11. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment
Stage 6
disclosure of information
Stage 1
teleology
12. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning
13. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms
corrective justice
Stoic philosphy
Thucydides
meta-ethics
14. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
John Stuart Mill
corrective justice
The 3 branches of ethics
15. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy
consequentialists
Stage 3
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
feminist ethics
16. Student of Socrates who suggested the good life is one of intelligence
Plato
autonomy
components of informed consent
Whistle blowing
17. Making exagerated claims about products
Puffery
teleology
Matthew - Mark - Luke - and John
meta-ethics
18. Genuin care for others (stages 3 and 4 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
Stage 4
Conventional level
Jeremy Bentham
distributive justice
19. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples
David Hume
human nature
stoic moral virtues
covenant
20. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace
paternalism
Standard of Happiness
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
Ignorance
21. Puts forth the notion of eternal law as the road map for ethics - the ultimate purpose of life was not happiness here on Earth but eternal bliss in the hereafter
St Thomas Aquinas
Socrates
autonomy
conditional covenant
22. Rights and Justice - concerned mostly with justice - being an ideal ethical thinker needs you to distance yourself from a situation to assess it clearly
David Hume
hypothetical imperatives
Stage 6
Doctrine of Right
23. The idea of avoiding extremes - you shouldn't do anything to excess
Leviathan
Consent Form
distributive justice
Golden Mean
24. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties
The 3 branches of ethics
Deontologists
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
components of informed consent
25. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason
informed consent
Utilitarianism
Virtue
Ethics of care
26. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced
components of informed consent
virtues
consequentialists
Doctrine of Right
27. System of moral principles - affects how people make decisionss and lead their lives
The 3 branches of ethics
Ethics
informed consent
Natural Law Theory
28. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent
Conventional level
Courage
seven features of pleasure
normative ethics
29. Self-mastery according to Kant
Plato
Doctrine of Virtue
Stoic philosphy
Courage
30. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation
virtues
Plato
Deontology
Stage 5
31. To punish subjects who break the law
hedonic calculus
primary purpose of the Leviathan
Golden Mean
Genesis -Exodus - Leviticus - Numbers - Deuteronomy
32. An agreement between two parties - but only one of the parties has to do something
unconditional
Ignorance
The Gospels
hypothetical imperatives
33. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)
rule utilitarianism
Pre-conventional level
Stage 1
Courage
34. Socrates believed that whatever action a man chooses is motivated for his desire for this
Conventional level
Self-knowledge
Happiness
retributive justice
35. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this
social contract theory
Organization of social classes in an ideal society
five general principles the 15 laws of nature come from
issues addressed in the History of the Peloponnesian War
36. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are
natural virtues
human nature
Ignorance
Vices
37. Morality depends on religious belief or on a set of values given by a religion
Moral virtue
heteronomy
motivational hedonism
Virtue
38. Tell us what to do irrespective of our desires
categorical imperatives
Descriptive ethics
Enchiridion
In nature - everything has a purpose; nature and its moral laws are knowable through common sense and reason; since every living thing has a nature that is appropriate to the kind of thing it is - failure to develop this nature to its fullest is an i
39. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule
Socrates
social contract theory
Natural Law Theory
John Rawls
40. Duties to adopt certain ends - many are imperfect in that they do not specify how - when - or for whom they should be achieved
virtues
Stage 2
Doctrine of Virtue
John Stuart Mill
41. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment
conditional covenant
Ignorance
Consent Form
rule utilitarianism
42. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude
covenant
four roles of political philosophy according to rawls
natural virtues
John Rawls
43. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)
three natural reasons people fight according to Hobbes
Ethics of care
Immanuel Kant
Vices
44. An attempt to revise - reformulate - or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women's moral experience
theonomy
feminist ethics
The Books of Law
Puffery
45. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness
components of informed consent
disclosure of information
meta-ethics
distributive justice
46. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people
The Books of Law
artificial virtues
disclosure of information
rule utilitarianism
47. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal
theory of justice as fairness
Jeremy Bentham
Happiness
hypothetical imperatives
48. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command
Thucydides
Stage 2
divine command theory
Stage 6
49. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision
Pre-conventional level
Doctrine of Virtue
normative ethics
informed consent
50. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued
Standards of disclosure
The Books of Law
Socrates
normative hedonism