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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Advocates that moral values are relative to likely social consequences - we must act in a way as to help bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Standard of Happiness)






2. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






3. Type of ethical theory which is concerned with moral rules which are generated by non-consequentialist methods - based in the nature of rationality or other principles of duty not consequences - theory of moral obligation






4. Humans pursue only their own self-interest; all people are equal; three natural causes of quarrel; natural condition of perpetual war; motivation for peace






5. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






6. Fostering good interpersonal relationships - thinkers take the needs and interests of others into account - it is important to make others happy






7. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






8. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






9. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






10. Morality and religion are thought to come from a common source of inspiration and knowledge - a source that religion may refer to as God






11. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






12. Wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War






13. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






14. Claims that humans are naturally self-interested and they are not naturally selfish or motivated by pride






15. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






16. Believe that right and good consist in obedience to objective moral duties






17. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






18. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






19. Justice - promise-keeping - allegiance to legitimate government






20. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






21. To punish subjects who break the law






22. Felt that ethics was born of human conflict






23. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






24. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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25. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






26. Should a whole society be responsible for the actions of a few? What are the justifications of any actions against an enemy?






27. People think of their duties towards others in terms of abstract rules that transcend the particular cultures of historical situations that specific people find themselves in (stages 5 & 6 of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






28. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






29. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






30. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






31. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






32. Claim that all and only pleasure has worth or value and all and only pain has disvalue - happiness should be pursued






33. The study of ends or final causes or purposes that things serve






34. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






35. Consent is the basis of government - people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule






36. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






37. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






38. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






39. God's device to govern the whole community of the universe towards the common good






40. Social Contracts - think in terms of laws because of majority agreements






41. We always ought to perform that act that leads to the most pleasure






42. When someone's work stands to serve an interest in conflict with his or her obligations as a professional






43. Reliable habits you engrave into your identity






44. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






45. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






46. The view that there exists an eternal moral law that can be discovered through reason by looking at the nature of humanity and society






47. Process by which patients are asked to consent to procedures after being sufficiently informed to make a rational decision






48. Ethical responsibilites at work - avoiding conflicts of interest






49. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






50. Four basic possible standards: Full Disclosure Standard - Subjective Standard - Customary Practice or Professional Standard - Reasonable Person Standard