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DSST Ethics In America 2

Subjects : dsst, civics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set of rules that produces the greatest amount of good for the most people






2. A relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency - ini general a life of moderation in all things except virtue






3. Punishment and reward - thinking is animalistic - actions are in ways that anticipate reward and avoid punishment






4. Guide of moral conduct based on the principles of Stoicism






5. Morality based on religion alone - without any reference to religious ideas






6. Courage - magnanimity - ambition - friendship - generosity - fidelity - gratitude






7. A generalized blueprint for the kind of entity you are






8. Evaluates people's actions and their moral character (it is concerned with the content of moral judgments or principles - rules - or theories that guide our actions and judgments - and the criteria for what is right or wrong- it argues for particular






9. Hold that choices and/or acts or intentions are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about






10. Former slave who received an education in the doctrine of Stoic philosophy - believed ethical wisdom can be obtained by keeping a moral purpose in harmony with nature






11. Intensity - duration - certainty - propinquity (nearness) - fecundity - purity - extent






12. Selfishness and lack of concern for other (contains first two stages of Kohlberg's hierarchy)






13. Socrates believed that all wrong doing is a result of this






14. According to Socrates this is the sufficient condition to the good life






15. Plato believed the organization of the soul of a good person is similiar to this






16. Egoism and exchange relationships - thinking is based on self-interest and how it can be achieved within relationships






17. Three Aristotelian principles followed by Aquinas






18. The first 5 books of the Old Testament






19. An agreement that is binding on both parties for its fulfillment






20. Self-mastery according to Kant






21. An american philosopher in the liberal tradition - had theory of justice as fairness






22. View holds that the good for which all humans aspire is happiness - which is the activity of the soul






23. Includes a good habit - a mean - and a disposition to act within reason






24. Things are morally good or bad - or morally obligatory - permissible - or prohibited - soley because of God's will or command






25. A hierarchy that tracked how people can move from lesser to a more sophisticated ethical reasoning

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26. To punish subjects who break the law






27. Duties that form this subject matter are precise - owed to specifiable others - and can be legally enforced






28. Envisions a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights of cooperating within an egalitarian economic system






29. Descriptive - normative - meta-ethics






30. This lays the groundwork for normative ethics - it deals with the nature of moral judgment. It looks at the origins of meaning of ethical principles. It studies the nature of morality and questions the abstract meaning of ethical terms






31. Claim that only pleasure or pain motivate us - most significant form of psychological hedonism






32. Way of evaluating moral decisions based on the amount of pleasure that it provides






33. Disclosure of information - comprehension - voluntariness






34. Lists seven features of pleasure to which attention must be paid in order to assess how great it is






35. Believed that moral justification came from utility and good institutions produce good consequences (Hedonistic Utilitarianism)






36. Interference of an individual with another person - against their will - and defended that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm






37. Respect for the rules of the group - focuses on what's necessary to promote the cohesiveness of society (ex: breaking the law is unethical behavior)






38. Believed that morality consisted on acting on the basis of duty alone - the consequences of our actions are often out of our control






39. Talks about what punishments are appropriate for wrongdoing






40. Talks about who should get which benefits and which burdens






41. Disclosing relevant information regardng a medical diagnosis or treatment






42. Believes that all acts are ultimately self-serving - even when they seem benevolent - that in a state of nature - prior to any formation of government - humans would behave completely selfishly






43. Describes the ethical standards of a person - community - culture - etc. (controversial topics)






44. An action is morally obligatory if it produces the most good for the most people






45. Written by Hobbes - morality consists of Laws of Nature






46. Live according to nature - according to rational principles which involve an emphasis on character and self-mastery - reason links all of society






47. Tell you what to do in order to achieve a particular goal






48. Founder of Liberalism - believed that everybody must be moved by a desire for his or her own happiness or pleasure.






49. Maintains that moral values are relative to our natural human feelings and the urgent needs real situations - our ction should be guided by our feeling good about ourselves while promoting social well-being. Experiences of morality drawn from peoples






50. There is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life (care-givers)