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DSST Introduction To Computing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Overheat
The ________ ________ is the computer software that manages the basic operation of the computer.
Overclocking is popular with computer gamers but can be dangerous as components may _________ and be damaged or catch fire.
Fiber optic cable consists of dozens or hundreds of thin strands of ______ or plastic; it is more secure and can carry much more data than normal copper telephone wire.
The first microprocessor was developed in _____.

2. Cleartext
_____ ___ is a collection of photos and drawings designed to be inserted in documents.
A disk _________ is a section of a hard drive that is treated as a separate storage unit.
Plaintext is also called __________.
Examples of keywords include READ - ______ - IF - and THEN

3. Cyphertext
A message which has been encrypted is called __________.
File compression is a method of removing __________ elements of a file causing the file to require less storage space and less time to transmit.
Random access storage devices are able to go _____ to the requested data
Personal Information Management software helps users organize and manage daily ________ activities.

4. Encrypted
A message that has not been _________ is called plaintext.
A program or instruction book that helps users learn how to use a product by taking the user through a series of _____ is called a tutorial.
Hubs have multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port it is _______ to all other ports on the hub.
When talking about personal computers - the CPU (________ Processing Unit) is synonymous with the silicon chip known as the microprocessor - which is programmed to perform various tasks on the data it receives.

5. Reliability

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6. Numbered
________ row headings appear down the left frame of the spreadsheet.
A firewall is designed to protect a computer or network from _________.
A _______ __________ plan is used to restore information technology functions after operations have been interrupted by an event such as a hurricane.
While the computer is running - it remains in main ______ and manages nonresident programs.

7. Hub
A ___ is a commonly used component that connects devices on the LAN.
______ generation languages are typically used for database applications.
_________ authentication devices verify a person's identity using the person's physical characteristics.
A desktop ______ appears on the computer desktop and is a specialized utility that looks like a control and displays information.

8. Resources
System software helps the computer manage internal and external _________ and enables the computer to run applications.
A wiki is one or more ___ documents that can be viewed and changed by users.
Meeting ___________ software is an example of groupware.
_____ ______ cable transmits pulsating beams of light rather than electricity.

9. Former
When you click the link - it takes you to a site that looks just like Paypal; you enter your login information on this fake site and now the _________ have your username and password.
A _____ of adjacent cells on a spreadsheet is called a range.
Software designed to solve a specific problem is called ___________ software.
One survey indicated that 75 to 80% of computer crimes are committed by current or _______ employees.

10. Implementation
TCP/IP is an example of a network ________________ protocol.
System ______________ involves converting files - software and hardware to the new system.
_______________ is used to restore the file to its original condition by replacing the repeated patterns that were removed during file compression.
Unlike a hub - a ______ sends packets only to the computer that is the intended recipient.

11. Hard
Examples of word size in _____ computers include 16 - 32 - and 64 bits.
A database index can be used to _________ data in alphabetical or numerical order.
Packet _________ technology divides a message into packets that can be independently routed to their destination and then reassembled.
One reason a tape drive takes longer to access data than a ____ drive is that tape drives use sequential access.

12. Com
_______ is a version of UNIX popular for large websites and e-commerce servers.
If an operating system attaches a special significance to a symbol - you won't be able to use it in a ________.
In computer programming - ______ errors refer to typographical errors and incorrect use of the programming language.
What part of the URL http://instantcert.com/landing.html is the top level domain? ___

13. High level
Common expansion cards include ________ cards - graphic cards - and memory cards.
The bandwidth of a channel which carries digital data is typically measured in ____ ____ _________ (bps).
_____ _____ languages are based on human languages and include C - C++ and FORTRAN.
When you install software or hardware - information is ______ in the registry.

14. Project management
All the physical equipment in a computer system is called ________.
FTP can be used on any _______ network such as a LAN or the Internet and is compatible with any operating system.
Financial software allows users to track income and expenses - manage __________ - create reports - and record tax information.
______ ____________ software allows scheduling of events - management of costs and allocation of resources associated with a project.

15. Preformatted
A computer uses a ____ system (base 2). That means that it only has 2 digits to choose from (i.e. 0 and 1).
A template is a ____________ document often provided with word processing software.
In MS Windows - the toolbar is located at the ____ of the window below the menu bar.
In MS PowerPoint - the slide sorter view displays __________ of each slide - allowing you to change the order of your presentation.

16. Disk drive
Relocating business _________ to lower cost locations in foreign countries is called offshoring.
Multiple files which have been consolidated into ___ file and compressed to reduce size and download time are said to be zipped.
Linux is an ____ _______ operating system that can be modified and freely distributed.
Defragmentation can improve _____ ______ performance by helping the computer operate more efficiently.

17. Telephone
A modem is a device that sends and receives data over __________ lines to and from computers.
______ ____________ software allows scheduling of events - management of costs and allocation of resources associated with a project.
The cursor is often a blinking rectangle and its location is called the __________ point.
________ ________ plan and implement new or improved computer services.

18. Decryption
Examples of operating systems include ________ - Linux - Unix - and Macintosh OS.
The process of converting cyphertext to plaintext is ___________
The instruction cycle is also often referred to as the ________ cycle.
Using components or labor from outside suppliers is called ___________.

19. Processes
Common syntax errors include incorrect or missing punctuation - _________ errors - and omitting keywords.
Relocating business _________ to lower cost locations in foreign countries is called offshoring.
Common platforms include Apple Macintosh - ________ platforms and PC platforms.
Multimedia authoring software combines video - text - animation - graphics and sound to create __________ multimedia applications.

20. Storage
A typical computer includes the system and a variety of input - output and ______ devices.
In MS PowerPoint - the outline view helps you ________ the content of your material.
______ generation computers were microprocessor based.
A computer's ____ size is the number of bits that the processor may process at any one time.

21. Supercomputers
_____ _____ languages are based on human languages and include C - C++ and FORTRAN.
SSL and TLS are protocols used to ________ transmit credit card data over the Internet.
In a peer to peer network - workstations share responsibility for processing - storage - printing - and communications tasks without a ______.
______________ are the most expensive and fastest computers available.

22. Cookies
The columns are called _______.
To convert seconds to milliseconds - _________ by 1000 (i.e. 5 seconds is equal to 5 -000 milliseconds).
Lettered ______ headings appear across the top frame of the spreadsheet.
_______ are small text files left on your hard drive by websites you visit.

23. Execution
Small pictures on the desktop that represent documents - procedures and programs are called _____.
A unit of measure equaling 8 bits is a ____.
Linux was created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds - a programmer from ________.
The compiled program is saved as object code for later __________.

24. Tape drive
A ________ is a unit of measurement equaling 1024 bytes of data.
Individual computers (PCs - workstations) are called ________ and the centralized computer is called a server.
A keystroke logger can be used to steal __________.
A _____ _____ is an example of a sequential access device; it retrieves data by starting at the beginning of the tape and reading each record until the required data is found.

25. Central
Unlike a hub - a ______ sends packets only to the computer that is the intended recipient.
To convert from word size to bytes - you must ______ by 8 because there are 8 bits in a byte. Therefore - when we're dealing with a 64 bit word size - we divide by 8 and the result is 8 bytes.
______ ____________ software allows scheduling of events - management of costs and allocation of resources associated with a project.
When talking about personal computers - the CPU (________ Processing Unit) is synonymous with the silicon chip known as the microprocessor - which is programmed to perform various tasks on the data it receives.

26. Server
The monitor - speakers - and printer are examples of computer ______ devices.
The process of converting cyphertext to plaintext is ___________
________ ________ plan and implement new or improved computer services.
In a peer to peer network - workstations share responsibility for processing - storage - printing - and communications tasks without a ______.

27. Cyberterrorists
_______________ are politically motivated hackers who attack computer systems intending to cause large scale physical or financial harm.
Common syntax errors include incorrect or missing punctuation - _________ errors - and omitting keywords.
Secondary storage refers to devices and media that store data _____________.
Telephone lines have traditionally been _______.

28. Calculations
_____ ___ is a collection of photos and drawings designed to be inserted in documents.
____ is used by copyright holders to prevent piracy of their products but can be inconvenient to legitimate users.
Spreadsheet instructions for ____________ are called formulas.
_______ is the operating system installed on more than 80% of the world's personal computers.

29. Kilobyte
Disposal of _______ is a major environmental problem caused by information technology.
______ ____________ software allows scheduling of events - management of costs and allocation of resources associated with a project.
A spreadsheet _____ is any number used in a calculation.
A ________ is a unit of measurement equaling 1024 bytes of data.

30. Sender's

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31. Internet
With ______ processing - the CPU must complete all steps in the instruction cycle before it begins to execute the next instruction.
The easiest way to reduce exposure to cellphone _________ is to use a headset.
Alpha testing involves desk checking and _________.
Cyberspace is the world of communications in general; it includes wired and wireless communications - as well as the _________.

32. One
UNIX was first developed by _____ Laboratories in 1969.
To convert from word size to bytes - you must ______ by 8 because there are 8 bits in a byte. Therefore - when we're dealing with a 64 bit word size - we divide by 8 and the result is 8 bytes.
When data is ________ in one cell - data in other cells is automatically recalculated.
Multiple files which have been consolidated into ___ file and compressed to reduce size and download time are said to be zipped.

33. Serial
Microsoft Windows is the world's best selling ________ __________.
___ software is used to design products - maps - structures and civil engineering drawings.
______ generation computers were microprocessor based.
With ______ processing - the CPU must complete all steps in the instruction cycle before it begins to execute the next instruction.

34. Trojan horse
Microsoft Windows is the world's best selling ________ __________.
The toolbar displays menus and icons of commonly used ________ and options.
A _____ _______ is a program that is disguised as an innocent program to gain control of your computer.
Input - output - and storage equipment that can be added to a computer to enhance its functionality are called __________ devices.

35. Decompression
_______________ is used to restore the file to its original condition by replacing the repeated patterns that were removed during file compression.
Computer resources include the ____ - RAM - storage space - and peripherals.
Using a technology called pipelining - the processor can start executing an instruction ______ the previous instruction completes.
Such information includes information related to company finances - _________ - products and procedures.

36. Wide Area
_______ are small text files left on your hard drive by websites you visit.
When an employee uses their employer's computer time for non-work activities - this is called theft of time and ________.
The internet is an example of a WAN (______ ____ Network).
_________ authentication devices verify a person's identity using the person's physical characteristics.

37. Sequentially
With serial processing - instructions are executed ______________ in the order received.
A program or instruction book that helps users learn how to use a product by taking the user through a series of _____ is called a tutorial.
________ and assembly languages are low level languages.
____ is used by copyright holders to prevent piracy of their products but can be inconvenient to legitimate users.

38. Outcome
In programming - an event is defined as an ______.
A what-if analysis allows a user to change the contents of a spreadsheet cell and find out how that would change the _______ of the calculation.
Harvard Graphics and MS __________ are examples of presentation graphics software.
Random access is much faster than ___________ access storage (tape).

39. Vacuum tubes
Linux was created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds - a programmer from ________.
The prefix '_____' means a thousand.
The contents of ________ memory - which includes RAM - are lost when the power is turned off.
First generation computers used _______ _____ to store individual bits of data.

40. Domain name

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41. Intruders
In programming - a variable represents a value that can ______.
Public key encryption uses ___ keys.
In MS Windows - the toolbar is located at the ____ of the window below the menu bar.
A firewall is designed to protect a computer or network from _________.

42. Machine
________ and assembly languages are low level languages.
MAC addresses are set from the factory and cannot be ________ by the network admin.
___ - ring - and star are the three basic network topologies.
__________ appear as colored or underlined words on a webpag

43. HTTP
____ is the communications protocol used by your browser to connect with web servers and display web pages on your computer.
A spreadsheet _____ is any number used in a calculation.
Column headings are used to select an entire _______ with a mouse click.
___________ programming rules are called syntax.

44. CAD
The system's main interface screen is called the _______ and displays icons which provide fast access to information and programs.
_____ generation computers used integrated circuits.
___ software is used to design products - maps - structures and civil engineering drawings.
Desktop publishing software has reduced the time needed to create professional looking _______ projects.

45. Free
A file extension is an optional file identifier that is separated from the main file name by a ______.
Freeware is software that is copyrighted but is available for ____.
Examples of DTP software include MS __________ and PageMaker.
Data consists of ___ facts and figures that is processed to produce information.

46. Programmable
Examples of utility programs include _______ and data recovery software - antivirus software - disk cleanup - etc.
ENIAC was the first ____________ electronic computer in the United States.
CIO stands for _______ ____________ Officer.
First generation computers used _______ _____ to store individual bits of data.

47. JPEG
This can also be called a _____ key - index - or keyword. Most database applications allow for multiple keys so that users can sort records in different ways.
____ is a popular graphics file format used in applications such as web pages where flexibility in file size is important.
Reading through a program to make sure it is logical and free of errors is called _____ ________.
A ___ is a commonly used component that connects devices on the LAN.

48. Legitimate
A ___ is a commonly used component that connects devices on the LAN.
Using a technology called pipelining - the processor can start executing an instruction ______ the previous instruction completes.
Sending out __________ looking emails which attempt to solicit passwords or financial information is known as phishing.
A _______ __________ plan is used to restore information technology functions after operations have been interrupted by an event such as a hurricane.

49. Sort
This can also be called a _____ key - index - or keyword. Most database applications allow for multiple keys so that users can sort records in different ways.
Freeware is software that is copyrighted but is available for ____.
Overloading a computer system or network by making repeated requests to it and thereby denying access to legitimate users is called a _______ __ ________ attack.
Multimedia technology presents information in a format which includes ____ - graphics - video and sound.

50. Processing
Output is the result of ___________.
Data consists of ___ facts and figures that is processed to produce information.
With ______ processing - the CPU must complete all steps in the instruction cycle before it begins to execute the next instruction.
__________ includes the Web - chat rooms - blogs - member based services - conference calls and automatic teller machines (ATMs).

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DSST Introduction To Computing

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