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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Introduction To The Modern Middle East
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
history
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1955 - A treaty supported by the West that united the defenses of Iraq - Turkey - Pakistan - and Iran - to counter the threat of the expansion of the Soviet Union.
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Tanzimat
Mehmet Ali
Baghdad Pact
2. 1989. End of Lebanon civil war. Gave Muslims greater role in politics. Reduced authority of President. Changed religious representation in parliament to make it more equal.
Mehmet Ali
Seljuk Empire
Taif Accord
Anwar Sadat
3. Leader of Egyptian's nationalist Wafd party; his exile by the British brought about the 1919 Egyptian Revolution - and later negotiations led to limited Egyptian independence in 1922.
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4. Successor of Nasser and served as President of Egypt from 1970-1981; allowed the Muslim Brotherhood to operate as a political party; made peace with Israel in 1978; caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab League; assassinated by Khalid Islambuli in
Taif Accord
Crimean War
Faysal
Anwar Sadat
5. Agreements between the Ottoman Empire and European powers that gave European bankers and merchants high advantages.
Capitulations
United Arab Republic
Gamal Abdel Nasser
'Urabi Revolt
6. The last caliph of Islam from the Ottoman Dynasty.
Taif Accord
Jurji Zaydan
Maronite
Abdul Mejid II
7. First leader of PLO- Palestinian liberation organization. Used aggressive terrorism to try to destroy Israel. Very actice throughout the 1970's and 1980's. To try to make peace with Israel - was put incharge of Palestinean Authority (PA).
Seljuk Empire
Evelyn Baring
Yasir Arafat
Taif Accord
8. Son of Sharif Husayn; ruler of Trans-Jordan and later first king of Jordan.
Safavid Empire
Abdallah
Sunni
Jizya
9. A war (1990-1991) that took place between Iraq and the U.S./Kuwait started by Iraq invading Kuwait; First non-containment based war since WWII; Often referred to as Operation Desert Storm; Iraq lost badly.
First Gulf War
Crimean War
Ibn Sa'ud
Reza Khan
10. Prime Minister - then Shah of Iran: Goal was to free Iran from foreign rule and modernize it - but was less successful than his contemporary - Ataturk.
Reza Khan
Mehmet Ali
Caliphate
First Gulf War
11. Albanian; went to Eygpt with the Ottoman expeditionary force to drive out the French; ruler of Eygpt; instituted several Westernized reforms; put private lands under state control.
Janissaries
Mehmet Ali
Sa'd Zaghlul
Intifada
12. A form of Islamic constitutional republic.
Abdallah
Caliphate
Ibn Sa'ud
Taif Accord
13. Ottoman sultan called the 'Conqueror'; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire.
Sunni
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Crimean War
Mehmed II
14. The largest Christian group in Lebanon.
Anwar Sadat
Reza Khan
Mehmet Ali
Maronite
15. Son of Sharif Husayn; leader of Arab Revolt; later king of Iraq.
Ba'th Party
Reza Khan
Caliphate
Faysal
16. Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel - signed in 1979. Israel agreed to withdraw its military from the Gaza Strip and West Bank; Egypt recognized Israel as a state.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Millet System
Camp David Accords
17. Party of God. Shi'a militant organization that called for the creation of an Islamic state in Lebanon
Six-Day War
'Urabi Revolt
Hizbollah
Free Officers
18. Secularist political party founded in 1947 - mixing Arab nationalist and Arab socialist interests - opposed to what it sees as 'Western imperialism' and calling for the 'renaissance' or 'resurrection' of the Arab World and its unity into one state.
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19. Iraq invaded Iran on September 22 - 1980 - following a long history of border disputes and triggered by an assassination attempt on their foreign minister.
Hizbollah
Taif Accord
Capitulations
Iran-Iraq War
20. The majority branch of Islam - whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
Sunni
Millet System
Iran-Iraq War
Saddam Husayn
21. A failed union of Egypt and Syria under Nasser that lasted from 1958 to 1961.
United Arab Republic
Anwar Sadat
Abdul Mejid II
Seljuk Empire
22. Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and created an Islamic republic.
Abdallah
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Ayatollah Khomeini
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
23. With help from the British (specifically - T.E. Lawrence) - Sharif Husayn bin Ali of Mecca led a revolt against the Ottoman Empire - in order to create an independent Arab nation. He won the battle - but received no country.
Arab Revolt of 1916
Jurji Zaydan
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Ottoman Empire
24. Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi - who declared Iran a Shi'ite state. It claimed power based on its blood ties to Muhammad.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Abdallah
Safavid Empire
Caliphate
25. Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire - the Ottoman Empire was based in Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453 to 1922. After World War I - the Allies partitioned it into protec
Abdul Mejid II
Safavid Empire
Ottoman Empire
Crimean War
26. July 26 - 1956 - Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal - Oct. 29 - British - French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. Egypt defeated its opponents soundly - with Soviet backing.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Suez Crisis
Ottoman Empire
Caliphate
27. A Palestine-wide rebellion against Zionists and British; put down harshly by the latter.
Ottoman Empire
Mehmet Ali
Crimean War
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
28. 'Restructuring' reforms by the nineteenth-century Ottoman rulers - intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureacracy more efficient.
Taif Accord
Tanzimat
Sa'd Zaghlul
Gamal Abdel Nasser
29. Infantry - originally of slave origin - armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was wiped out on the Sultan's orders in 1826.
Janissaries
Ottoman Empire
Abdul Mejid II
Caliphate
30. Branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Mainly found in Iran and a small part of Iraq. It is the state religion of Iran.
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31. Turkish nationalist leader who became the first president of modern Turkey in the 1920's and set about to modernize and Westernize Turkey - including making it more secular. Lasted for 15 years.
First Gulf War
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Tanzimat
Valide Sultan
32. Socialism which emphasized the state's responsibility for guiding the economy. Usually went hand in hand with strong authoritarian governments. Unlike Marxism - it takes Islam into account - has an element of nationalism to it - and lacks a proletari
Arab Socialism
Caliphate
Free Officers
Oslo Accord
33. The democratically elected Prime Minister of Iran who helped nationalize the oil industry. He was overthrown by a CIA coup in 1963.
Gamal Abdel Nasser
1973 Yom Kippur War
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Tanzimat
34. An agreement brokered by Norway after months of secret negotiations between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1993. By its terms Israel and the PLO recognized each other.
Oslo Accord
Arab Socialism
Mehmed II
Jizya
35. Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
Mehmed II
Sa'd Zaghlul
Shi'a
Balfour Declaration
36. An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis - lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D.
Camp David Accords
Jizya
Six-Day War
Seljuk Empire
37. 'Shaking off;' Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip - beginning in 1987.
Capitulations
Intifada
Free Officers
Janissaries
38. A war fought in June - 1967 - between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt - Jordan - and Syria - in which Israel captured large tracts of Arab territory. Also called the June War.
Capitulations
United Arab Republic
Six-Day War
'Urabi Revolt
39. Brought most of the tribes of Najd under his authority and allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab to create the state of Saudi Arabia - defeating the House of Rashid and the Ottoman Empire.
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40. Took power following the overthrow of the monarchy. Came to power in 1954; Suez crisis was two years later. Gained great reputation at home for his handling of the crisis. Espoused a form of Pan-Arabism called Nasserism - resulting in Egypt joining w
Oslo Accord
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Seljuk Empire
41. British administrator in Egypt - later the Earl of Cromer; reformed economy to improve peasants while still maintaining commercial interests there.
Jizya
Abdallah
Hizbollah
Evelyn Baring
42. The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1948 - famous for his cooperation with the Nazis against the Jews.
Safavid Empire
Sa'd Zaghlul
Free Officers
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
43. Creator of the Pan-Arabism movement - which advocates the creation of a united Arab state.
'Urabi Revolt
Safavid Empire
Jurji Zaydan
Millet System
44. A loyal member of the Ba'th party and the dictator of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Extended the Ba'th influence in all aspects of Iraqi society.
Arab Socialism
Crimean War
Saddam Husayn
'Urabi Revolt
45. Head tax paid by all nonbelievers in Islamic territories.
Reza Khan
Seljuk Empire
Jizya
Millet System
46. A conflict - lasting from 1853 to 1856 - in which the Ottoman Empire - with the aid of Britain and France - halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
Crimean War
Maronite
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Jurji Zaydan
47. Group of revolutionary and nationalistic Turks who revolted against Ottoman empire in 1908 - attempting to bring reform - and then sided with the central powers in WWI.
Abdallah
Young Turks
Caliphate
Seljuk Empire
48. Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked - drove the Syrians back - and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt.
Janissaries
Iran-Iraq War
Arab Revolt of 1916
1973 Yom Kippur War
49. A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities - with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders.
Sa'd Zaghlul
Sunni
Millet System
Safavid Empire
50. Group of young Egyptian military officers - led by Nasser - which overthrew the monarchy and British advisors in 1952.
Janissaries
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Free Officers
Sa'd Zaghlul