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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Introduction To The Modern Middle East
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
history
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A form of Islamic constitutional republic.
Intifada
Ottoman Empire
Hizbollah
Caliphate
2. Branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Mainly found in Iran and a small part of Iraq. It is the state religion of Iran.
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3. Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and created an Islamic republic.
Arab Revolt of 1916
Ayatollah Khomeini
Free Officers
Iran-Iraq War
4. A conflict - lasting from 1853 to 1856 - in which the Ottoman Empire - with the aid of Britain and France - halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
Crimean War
Faysal
Evelyn Baring
Abdul Mejid II
5. The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1948 - famous for his cooperation with the Nazis against the Jews.
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Anwar Sadat
Ottoman Empire
Janissaries
6. A loyal member of the Ba'th party and the dictator of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Extended the Ba'th influence in all aspects of Iraqi society.
Capitulations
Evelyn Baring
Saddam Husayn
Balfour Declaration
7. The last caliph of Islam from the Ottoman Dynasty.
Safavid Empire
1973 Yom Kippur War
Abdul Mejid II
Arab Revolt of 1916
8. Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel - signed in 1979. Israel agreed to withdraw its military from the Gaza Strip and West Bank; Egypt recognized Israel as a state.
Camp David Accords
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Capitulations
'Urabi Revolt
9. 1989. End of Lebanon civil war. Gave Muslims greater role in politics. Reduced authority of President. Changed religious representation in parliament to make it more equal.
Young Turks
Arab Revolt of 1916
Valide Sultan
Taif Accord
10. An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis - lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D.
Oslo Accord
Yasir Arafat
Seljuk Empire
Crimean War
11. 'Shaking off;' Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip - beginning in 1987.
Baghdad Pact
Six-Day War
Intifada
Mehmet Ali
12. Zionist leaders declared independence and declared the Republic of Israel. Syria - Lebanon - Jordan - Egypt and Iraq refused to recognize the nation and went to war. Arabs invaded - Israeli won.
1973 Yom Kippur War
Saddam Husayn
First Gulf War
1948 Arab-Israeli War
13. Secularist political party founded in 1947 - mixing Arab nationalist and Arab socialist interests - opposed to what it sees as 'Western imperialism' and calling for the 'renaissance' or 'resurrection' of the Arab World and its unity into one state.
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14. 'Restructuring' reforms by the nineteenth-century Ottoman rulers - intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureacracy more efficient.
First Gulf War
Iran-Iraq War
Jurji Zaydan
Tanzimat
15. Group of young Egyptian military officers - led by Nasser - which overthrew the monarchy and British advisors in 1952.
Free Officers
Caliphate
Janissaries
Ba'th Party
16. Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi - who declared Iran a Shi'ite state. It claimed power based on its blood ties to Muhammad.
Arab Revolt of 1916
Millet System
Safavid Empire
Intifada
17. Agreements between the Ottoman Empire and European powers that gave European bankers and merchants high advantages.
Capitulations
Sunni
Shi'a
Arab Socialism
18. Ottoman sultan called the 'Conqueror'; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire.
Sa'd Zaghlul
Balfour Declaration
Mehmed II
Valide Sultan
19. Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
Yasir Arafat
Mehmet Ali
Balfour Declaration
Capitulations
20. Group of revolutionary and nationalistic Turks who revolted against Ottoman empire in 1908 - attempting to bring reform - and then sided with the central powers in WWI.
Mehmed II
Faysal
Young Turks
Jurji Zaydan
21. British administrator in Egypt - later the Earl of Cromer; reformed economy to improve peasants while still maintaining commercial interests there.
Evelyn Baring
Arab Revolt of 1916
Six-Day War
Mehmed II
22. Took power following the overthrow of the monarchy. Came to power in 1954; Suez crisis was two years later. Gained great reputation at home for his handling of the crisis. Espoused a form of Pan-Arabism called Nasserism - resulting in Egypt joining w
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Ottoman Empire
Maronite
United Arab Republic
23. Turkish nationalist leader who became the first president of modern Turkey in the 1920's and set about to modernize and Westernize Turkey - including making it more secular. Lasted for 15 years.
Reza Khan
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Sa'd Zaghlul
Gamal Abdel Nasser
24. Successor of Nasser and served as President of Egypt from 1970-1981; allowed the Muslim Brotherhood to operate as a political party; made peace with Israel in 1978; caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab League; assassinated by Khalid Islambuli in
Anwar Sadat
Jizya
Valide Sultan
Camp David Accords
25. Prime Minister - then Shah of Iran: Goal was to free Iran from foreign rule and modernize it - but was less successful than his contemporary - Ataturk.
Capitulations
Shi'a
Yasir Arafat
Reza Khan
26. Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked - drove the Syrians back - and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt.
Six-Day War
Oslo Accord
1973 Yom Kippur War
Saddam Husayn
27. Infantry - originally of slave origin - armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was wiped out on the Sultan's orders in 1826.
Valide Sultan
Janissaries
Sunni
Ibn Sa'ud
28. The democratically elected Prime Minister of Iran who helped nationalize the oil industry. He was overthrown by a CIA coup in 1963.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Evelyn Baring
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Jurji Zaydan
29. Brought most of the tribes of Najd under his authority and allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab to create the state of Saudi Arabia - defeating the House of Rashid and the Ottoman Empire.
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30. 1955 - A treaty supported by the West that united the defenses of Iraq - Turkey - Pakistan - and Iran - to counter the threat of the expansion of the Soviet Union.
Saddam Husayn
Millet System
Baghdad Pact
'Urabi Revolt
31. Creator of the Pan-Arabism movement - which advocates the creation of a united Arab state.
Hizbollah
Caliphate
Ottoman Empire
Jurji Zaydan
32. Head tax paid by all nonbelievers in Islamic territories.
Six-Day War
Iran-Iraq War
Sunni
Jizya
33. The mother of an Ottoman Sultan - ruler of the harem and a very powerful woman - especially if her son was very young.
Shi'a
Janissaries
Valide Sultan
Sunni
34. The largest Christian group in Lebanon.
Camp David Accords
Maronite
Reza Khan
Arab Socialism
35. Son of Sharif Husayn; ruler of Trans-Jordan and later first king of Jordan.
Millet System
Suez Crisis
Abdallah
Oslo Accord
36. Uprising in Egypt led by Ahmad Urabi. Despite wide support - it was crushed by the British.
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37. Leader of Egyptian's nationalist Wafd party; his exile by the British brought about the 1919 Egyptian Revolution - and later negotiations led to limited Egyptian independence in 1922.
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38. A war fought in June - 1967 - between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt - Jordan - and Syria - in which Israel captured large tracts of Arab territory. Also called the June War.
Saddam Husayn
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
United Arab Republic
Six-Day War
39. An agreement brokered by Norway after months of secret negotiations between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1993. By its terms Israel and the PLO recognized each other.
Shi'a
Oslo Accord
Free Officers
Seljuk Empire
40. July 26 - 1956 - Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal - Oct. 29 - British - French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. Egypt defeated its opponents soundly - with Soviet backing.
Suez Crisis
Seljuk Empire
Jurji Zaydan
'Urabi Revolt
41. A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities - with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders.
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Anwar Sadat
Millet System
Ibn Sa'ud
42. First leader of PLO- Palestinian liberation organization. Used aggressive terrorism to try to destroy Israel. Very actice throughout the 1970's and 1980's. To try to make peace with Israel - was put incharge of Palestinean Authority (PA).
Caliphate
Ba'th Party
Janissaries
Yasir Arafat
43. A Palestine-wide rebellion against Zionists and British; put down harshly by the latter.
Jurji Zaydan
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
Capitulations
Six-Day War
44. Socialism which emphasized the state's responsibility for guiding the economy. Usually went hand in hand with strong authoritarian governments. Unlike Marxism - it takes Islam into account - has an element of nationalism to it - and lacks a proletari
Tanzimat
Arab Socialism
Maronite
Valide Sultan
45. A war (1990-1991) that took place between Iraq and the U.S./Kuwait started by Iraq invading Kuwait; First non-containment based war since WWII; Often referred to as Operation Desert Storm; Iraq lost badly.
Iran-Iraq War
First Gulf War
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Camp David Accords
46. A failed union of Egypt and Syria under Nasser that lasted from 1958 to 1961.
Ayatollah Khomeini
Seljuk Empire
United Arab Republic
Hizbollah
47. Party of God. Shi'a militant organization that called for the creation of an Islamic state in Lebanon
First Gulf War
Hizbollah
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Reza Khan
48. The majority branch of Islam - whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
Sunni
Arab Socialism
Taif Accord
Ayatollah Khomeini
49. Son of Sharif Husayn; leader of Arab Revolt; later king of Iraq.
Faysal
Caliphate
Mehmet Ali
Iran-Iraq War
50. Albanian; went to Eygpt with the Ottoman expeditionary force to drive out the French; ruler of Eygpt; instituted several Westernized reforms; put private lands under state control.
Suez Crisis
Mehmet Ali
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Ba'th Party