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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Introduction To The Modern Middle East
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Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
history
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'Restructuring' reforms by the nineteenth-century Ottoman rulers - intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureacracy more efficient.
Sa'd Zaghlul
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Janissaries
Tanzimat
2. Iraq invaded Iran on September 22 - 1980 - following a long history of border disputes and triggered by an assassination attempt on their foreign minister.
Oslo Accord
Ottoman Empire
United Arab Republic
Iran-Iraq War
3. Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire - the Ottoman Empire was based in Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453 to 1922. After World War I - the Allies partitioned it into protec
Young Turks
Faysal
Ottoman Empire
Hizbollah
4. Took power following the overthrow of the monarchy. Came to power in 1954; Suez crisis was two years later. Gained great reputation at home for his handling of the crisis. Espoused a form of Pan-Arabism called Nasserism - resulting in Egypt joining w
Safavid Empire
Faysal
Gamal Abdel Nasser
1973 Yom Kippur War
5. Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked - drove the Syrians back - and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt.
1973 Yom Kippur War
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Anwar Sadat
Baghdad Pact
6. The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1948 - famous for his cooperation with the Nazis against the Jews.
Mehmed II
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Balfour Declaration
Valide Sultan
7. Party of God. Shi'a militant organization that called for the creation of an Islamic state in Lebanon
Mehmed II
'Urabi Revolt
Mehmet Ali
Hizbollah
8. A form of Islamic constitutional republic.
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Caliphate
Hizbollah
Anwar Sadat
9. July 26 - 1956 - Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal - Oct. 29 - British - French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. Egypt defeated its opponents soundly - with Soviet backing.
Suez Crisis
'Urabi Revolt
Shi'a
Sunni
10. The largest Christian group in Lebanon.
Free Officers
Jurji Zaydan
Saddam Husayn
Maronite
11. The last caliph of Islam from the Ottoman Dynasty.
Camp David Accords
Valide Sultan
Abdul Mejid II
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
12. Prime Minister - then Shah of Iran: Goal was to free Iran from foreign rule and modernize it - but was less successful than his contemporary - Ataturk.
Jurji Zaydan
Millet System
Reza Khan
Free Officers
13. Secularist political party founded in 1947 - mixing Arab nationalist and Arab socialist interests - opposed to what it sees as 'Western imperialism' and calling for the 'renaissance' or 'resurrection' of the Arab World and its unity into one state.
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14. British administrator in Egypt - later the Earl of Cromer; reformed economy to improve peasants while still maintaining commercial interests there.
United Arab Republic
First Gulf War
Jizya
Evelyn Baring
15. The democratically elected Prime Minister of Iran who helped nationalize the oil industry. He was overthrown by a CIA coup in 1963.
Millet System
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Seljuk Empire
Jizya
16. Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel - signed in 1979. Israel agreed to withdraw its military from the Gaza Strip and West Bank; Egypt recognized Israel as a state.
Camp David Accords
Caliphate
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Tanzimat
17. The mother of an Ottoman Sultan - ruler of the harem and a very powerful woman - especially if her son was very young.
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Valide Sultan
Crimean War
Ottoman Empire
18. 1989. End of Lebanon civil war. Gave Muslims greater role in politics. Reduced authority of President. Changed religious representation in parliament to make it more equal.
Taif Accord
Evelyn Baring
Ibn Sa'ud
Intifada
19. Son of Sharif Husayn; ruler of Trans-Jordan and later first king of Jordan.
Abdallah
Ayatollah Khomeini
Ibn Sa'ud
First Gulf War
20. Zionist leaders declared independence and declared the Republic of Israel. Syria - Lebanon - Jordan - Egypt and Iraq refused to recognize the nation and went to war. Arabs invaded - Israeli won.
Arab Socialism
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Camp David Accords
Yasir Arafat
21. Creator of the Pan-Arabism movement - which advocates the creation of a united Arab state.
Jurji Zaydan
Shi'a
Evelyn Baring
1948 Arab-Israeli War
22. Socialism which emphasized the state's responsibility for guiding the economy. Usually went hand in hand with strong authoritarian governments. Unlike Marxism - it takes Islam into account - has an element of nationalism to it - and lacks a proletari
Shi'a
Ibn Sa'ud
Safavid Empire
Arab Socialism
23. With help from the British (specifically - T.E. Lawrence) - Sharif Husayn bin Ali of Mecca led a revolt against the Ottoman Empire - in order to create an independent Arab nation. He won the battle - but received no country.
Janissaries
Jurji Zaydan
Arab Revolt of 1916
Millet System
24. Branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Mainly found in Iran and a small part of Iraq. It is the state religion of Iran.
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25. First leader of PLO- Palestinian liberation organization. Used aggressive terrorism to try to destroy Israel. Very actice throughout the 1970's and 1980's. To try to make peace with Israel - was put incharge of Palestinean Authority (PA).
Yasir Arafat
Abdul Mejid II
Six-Day War
Shi'a
26. Uprising in Egypt led by Ahmad Urabi. Despite wide support - it was crushed by the British.
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27. Leader of Egyptian's nationalist Wafd party; his exile by the British brought about the 1919 Egyptian Revolution - and later negotiations led to limited Egyptian independence in 1922.
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28. Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi - who declared Iran a Shi'ite state. It claimed power based on its blood ties to Muhammad.
Safavid Empire
1973 Yom Kippur War
Abdallah
Sa'd Zaghlul
29. Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
Saddam Husayn
Intifada
Balfour Declaration
Suez Crisis
30. The majority branch of Islam - whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Sunni
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Sa'd Zaghlul
31. Successor of Nasser and served as President of Egypt from 1970-1981; allowed the Muslim Brotherhood to operate as a political party; made peace with Israel in 1978; caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab League; assassinated by Khalid Islambuli in
Young Turks
Intifada
Evelyn Baring
Anwar Sadat
32. An agreement brokered by Norway after months of secret negotiations between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1993. By its terms Israel and the PLO recognized each other.
Faysal
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Oslo Accord
Shi'a
33. A war (1990-1991) that took place between Iraq and the U.S./Kuwait started by Iraq invading Kuwait; First non-containment based war since WWII; Often referred to as Operation Desert Storm; Iraq lost badly.
Seljuk Empire
Baghdad Pact
First Gulf War
Camp David Accords
34. Son of Sharif Husayn; leader of Arab Revolt; later king of Iraq.
Sa'd Zaghlul
Janissaries
Millet System
Faysal
35. A loyal member of the Ba'th party and the dictator of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Extended the Ba'th influence in all aspects of Iraqi society.
Saddam Husayn
Arab Revolt of 1916
Jurji Zaydan
Intifada
36. A failed union of Egypt and Syria under Nasser that lasted from 1958 to 1961.
United Arab Republic
Saddam Husayn
Tanzimat
Seljuk Empire
37. Group of revolutionary and nationalistic Turks who revolted against Ottoman empire in 1908 - attempting to bring reform - and then sided with the central powers in WWI.
Young Turks
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
Reza Khan
Hizbollah
38. 'Shaking off;' Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip - beginning in 1987.
United Arab Republic
Intifada
Reza Khan
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
39. Head tax paid by all nonbelievers in Islamic territories.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Tanzimat
Jizya
Oslo Accord
40. 1955 - A treaty supported by the West that united the defenses of Iraq - Turkey - Pakistan - and Iran - to counter the threat of the expansion of the Soviet Union.
Baghdad Pact
United Arab Republic
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Yasir Arafat
41. Turkish nationalist leader who became the first president of modern Turkey in the 1920's and set about to modernize and Westernize Turkey - including making it more secular. Lasted for 15 years.
Hizbollah
Valide Sultan
Ba'th Party
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
42. Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and created an Islamic republic.
Ayatollah Khomeini
Safavid Empire
Tanzimat
Ottoman Empire
43. Ottoman sultan called the 'Conqueror'; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire.
Jizya
Suez Crisis
Mehmed II
Abdallah
44. A war fought in June - 1967 - between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt - Jordan - and Syria - in which Israel captured large tracts of Arab territory. Also called the June War.
Caliphate
1973 Yom Kippur War
Six-Day War
1948 Arab-Israeli War
45. Albanian; went to Eygpt with the Ottoman expeditionary force to drive out the French; ruler of Eygpt; instituted several Westernized reforms; put private lands under state control.
Ayatollah Khomeini
Jizya
Ibn Sa'ud
Mehmet Ali
46. An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis - lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D.
Seljuk Empire
Tanzimat
Ibn Sa'ud
Reza Khan
47. Brought most of the tribes of Najd under his authority and allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab to create the state of Saudi Arabia - defeating the House of Rashid and the Ottoman Empire.
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48. A conflict - lasting from 1853 to 1856 - in which the Ottoman Empire - with the aid of Britain and France - halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Young Turks
Crimean War
Hizbollah
49. A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities - with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders.
Seljuk Empire
Mehmet Ali
Millet System
Abdul Mejid II
50. Agreements between the Ottoman Empire and European powers that gave European bankers and merchants high advantages.
Capitulations
Saddam Husayn
Mehmet Ali
Great Revolt of 1936-1939