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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Introduction To The Modern Middle East
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
history
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel - signed in 1979. Israel agreed to withdraw its military from the Gaza Strip and West Bank; Egypt recognized Israel as a state.
'Urabi Revolt
Janissaries
Hizbollah
Camp David Accords
2. An agreement brokered by Norway after months of secret negotiations between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1993. By its terms Israel and the PLO recognized each other.
Seljuk Empire
Oslo Accord
Iran-Iraq War
Young Turks
3. July 26 - 1956 - Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal - Oct. 29 - British - French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. Egypt defeated its opponents soundly - with Soviet backing.
Ba'th Party
Suez Crisis
United Arab Republic
Millet System
4. The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1948 - famous for his cooperation with the Nazis against the Jews.
Shi'a
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Ba'th Party
Suez Crisis
5. Agreements between the Ottoman Empire and European powers that gave European bankers and merchants high advantages.
Six-Day War
1973 Yom Kippur War
Seljuk Empire
Capitulations
6. Branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Mainly found in Iran and a small part of Iraq. It is the state religion of Iran.
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7. Group of revolutionary and nationalistic Turks who revolted against Ottoman empire in 1908 - attempting to bring reform - and then sided with the central powers in WWI.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Young Turks
Oslo Accord
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
8. 'Shaking off;' Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip - beginning in 1987.
Intifada
Crimean War
Millet System
Shi'a
9. A loyal member of the Ba'th party and the dictator of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Extended the Ba'th influence in all aspects of Iraqi society.
Ottoman Empire
Saddam Husayn
Arab Socialism
Ibn Sa'ud
10. A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities - with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders.
Sa'd Zaghlul
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Caliphate
Millet System
11. Uprising in Egypt led by Ahmad Urabi. Despite wide support - it was crushed by the British.
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12. British administrator in Egypt - later the Earl of Cromer; reformed economy to improve peasants while still maintaining commercial interests there.
Evelyn Baring
Millet System
Suez Crisis
Taif Accord
13. Leader of Egyptian's nationalist Wafd party; his exile by the British brought about the 1919 Egyptian Revolution - and later negotiations led to limited Egyptian independence in 1922.
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14. Took power following the overthrow of the monarchy. Came to power in 1954; Suez crisis was two years later. Gained great reputation at home for his handling of the crisis. Espoused a form of Pan-Arabism called Nasserism - resulting in Egypt joining w
Shi'a
Arab Socialism
Janissaries
Gamal Abdel Nasser
15. Brought most of the tribes of Najd under his authority and allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab to create the state of Saudi Arabia - defeating the House of Rashid and the Ottoman Empire.
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16. Prime Minister - then Shah of Iran: Goal was to free Iran from foreign rule and modernize it - but was less successful than his contemporary - Ataturk.
Abdul Mejid II
Yasir Arafat
Sunni
Reza Khan
17. The majority branch of Islam - whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
Sunni
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Seljuk Empire
Crimean War
18. 1989. End of Lebanon civil war. Gave Muslims greater role in politics. Reduced authority of President. Changed religious representation in parliament to make it more equal.
Abdul Mejid II
Taif Accord
Gamal Abdel Nasser
First Gulf War
19. Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire - the Ottoman Empire was based in Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453 to 1922. After World War I - the Allies partitioned it into protec
Ottoman Empire
Saddam Husayn
Ibn Sa'ud
Abdallah
20. Socialism which emphasized the state's responsibility for guiding the economy. Usually went hand in hand with strong authoritarian governments. Unlike Marxism - it takes Islam into account - has an element of nationalism to it - and lacks a proletari
Suez Crisis
Free Officers
United Arab Republic
Arab Socialism
21. Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Balfour Declaration
Free Officers
Tanzimat
22. Infantry - originally of slave origin - armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was wiped out on the Sultan's orders in 1826.
Taif Accord
Safavid Empire
Janissaries
Shi'a
23. A war (1990-1991) that took place between Iraq and the U.S./Kuwait started by Iraq invading Kuwait; First non-containment based war since WWII; Often referred to as Operation Desert Storm; Iraq lost badly.
Janissaries
First Gulf War
Jizya
Crimean War
24. Secularist political party founded in 1947 - mixing Arab nationalist and Arab socialist interests - opposed to what it sees as 'Western imperialism' and calling for the 'renaissance' or 'resurrection' of the Arab World and its unity into one state.
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25. Head tax paid by all nonbelievers in Islamic territories.
Jizya
Taif Accord
Seljuk Empire
Camp David Accords
26. Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked - drove the Syrians back - and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt.
1973 Yom Kippur War
Young Turks
Iran-Iraq War
Tanzimat
27. 1955 - A treaty supported by the West that united the defenses of Iraq - Turkey - Pakistan - and Iran - to counter the threat of the expansion of the Soviet Union.
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Sa'd Zaghlul
Evelyn Baring
Baghdad Pact
28. Turkish nationalist leader who became the first president of modern Turkey in the 1920's and set about to modernize and Westernize Turkey - including making it more secular. Lasted for 15 years.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Abdallah
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Taif Accord
29. Ottoman sultan called the 'Conqueror'; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire.
Mehmed II
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
Crimean War
1948 Arab-Israeli War
30. With help from the British (specifically - T.E. Lawrence) - Sharif Husayn bin Ali of Mecca led a revolt against the Ottoman Empire - in order to create an independent Arab nation. He won the battle - but received no country.
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
Arab Revolt of 1916
Oslo Accord
Taif Accord
31. Party of God. Shi'a militant organization that called for the creation of an Islamic state in Lebanon
Hizbollah
Sunni
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Ibn Sa'ud
32. An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis - lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D.
Mehmet Ali
Seljuk Empire
Jurji Zaydan
Millet System
33. Albanian; went to Eygpt with the Ottoman expeditionary force to drive out the French; ruler of Eygpt; instituted several Westernized reforms; put private lands under state control.
Ayatollah Khomeini
Safavid Empire
United Arab Republic
Mehmet Ali
34. A failed union of Egypt and Syria under Nasser that lasted from 1958 to 1961.
United Arab Republic
Valide Sultan
Abdallah
Jurji Zaydan
35. Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and created an Islamic republic.
Maronite
Saddam Husayn
Seljuk Empire
Ayatollah Khomeini
36. The democratically elected Prime Minister of Iran who helped nationalize the oil industry. He was overthrown by a CIA coup in 1963.
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Abdallah
Faysal
Intifada
37. Son of Sharif Husayn; ruler of Trans-Jordan and later first king of Jordan.
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Jurji Zaydan
1973 Yom Kippur War
Abdallah
38. Successor of Nasser and served as President of Egypt from 1970-1981; allowed the Muslim Brotherhood to operate as a political party; made peace with Israel in 1978; caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab League; assassinated by Khalid Islambuli in
Ba'th Party
Yasir Arafat
Anwar Sadat
Suez Crisis
39. A Palestine-wide rebellion against Zionists and British; put down harshly by the latter.
Great Revolt of 1936-1939
Abdul Mejid II
United Arab Republic
Taif Accord
40. Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi - who declared Iran a Shi'ite state. It claimed power based on its blood ties to Muhammad.
Safavid Empire
Seljuk Empire
Mehmet Ali
1973 Yom Kippur War
41. 'Restructuring' reforms by the nineteenth-century Ottoman rulers - intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureacracy more efficient.
Tanzimat
Anwar Sadat
Ayatollah Khomeini
Abdul Mejid II
42. The largest Christian group in Lebanon.
Ba'th Party
Maronite
Abdul Mejid II
Mehmet Ali
43. First leader of PLO- Palestinian liberation organization. Used aggressive terrorism to try to destroy Israel. Very actice throughout the 1970's and 1980's. To try to make peace with Israel - was put incharge of Palestinean Authority (PA).
Taif Accord
Ayatollah Khomeini
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Yasir Arafat
44. Group of young Egyptian military officers - led by Nasser - which overthrew the monarchy and British advisors in 1952.
Free Officers
Tanzimat
Ibn Sa'ud
Evelyn Baring
45. Son of Sharif Husayn; leader of Arab Revolt; later king of Iraq.
Taif Accord
Faysal
Young Turks
Ottoman Empire
46. A form of Islamic constitutional republic.
Caliphate
Millet System
Camp David Accords
Free Officers
47. Creator of the Pan-Arabism movement - which advocates the creation of a united Arab state.
Seljuk Empire
Arab Revolt of 1916
Ba'th Party
Jurji Zaydan
48. A war fought in June - 1967 - between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt - Jordan - and Syria - in which Israel captured large tracts of Arab territory. Also called the June War.
Six-Day War
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Arab Revolt of 1916
Camp David Accords
49. Iraq invaded Iran on September 22 - 1980 - following a long history of border disputes and triggered by an assassination attempt on their foreign minister.
Mehmed II
Iran-Iraq War
Arab Socialism
Mohammed Amin al-Husayni
50. A conflict - lasting from 1853 to 1856 - in which the Ottoman Empire - with the aid of Britain and France - halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
Abdul Mejid II
Shi'a
'Urabi Revolt
Crimean War