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Early Childhood Education Essentials

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Class management centers on the strength of effective lesson planning. the teacher opens a lesson with an 'anticipatory set' to help students connect new content to be learned. then the teacher provides opportunity for individual and extended practic






2. Old age is a time for reflecting upon one's own life and its role in the big scheme of things and seeing it filled with pleasure and satisfaction or disappointments and failures.






3. A phenomenon whereby something that an individual has learned at one time affects how the individual learns or performs in a later situation - Influence of previously learned material on new material






4. 18 months






5. Trust vs. mistrust - Autonomy vs. shame/doubt - Initiative vs. guilt - Industry vs. inferiority - Identity vs. role confusion - Intimacy vs. isolation - Generativity vs. stagnation - Ego integrity vs. despair






6. The extent to which two variables are related to each other - such that when one variable increases - the other either increases or decreases in a somewhat predictable manner






7. Acceptance to all who will be affected by the test including the children and families screened - the professionals who receive resulting referrals and the community






8. 2.5 years






9. Conditioning - intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards - Reinforcement - Punishment






10. Swiss psychologist who pioneered the study of cognitive development in children; fourstage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processe






11. A context within which a students more basic needs (such as sleep - safety - and love) are met and the student is cognitively ready for developmentally appropriate problem-solving and learning.






12. Disorders marked by impaired social cognition - social skills - and social interaction - presumably due to a brain abnormality; extreme forms often associated with significant cognitive and linguistic delays and highly unusual behaviors






13. Learners approach a task as a single integrated project.






14. Disorders found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills such as processing language or grasping mathematical concepts






15. Modeling - Reciprocal Determinism - Vicarious Learning






16. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






17. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theory - - the primary process in learning is subsumation - where new material is in relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subs






18. Standardized - achievement - aptitude - structured observations - anecdotal notes - assess. of prior knowledge - stud. responses - portfolios - essay prompts - fournals - self-evaluations - performance assess.






19. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






20. No head lag - Sit with support - on Forearms






21. U.S. legislation granting educational rights to people with cognitive - emotional - or physical disabilities from birth until age 21; initially passed in 1975 - it has been amended and reauthorized in 1997 and again in 2004. IDEA operates under six b






22. 1. Setting 2. Mode of presentation (read aloud - paraphrasing - providing feedback) 3. Response mode and timing ( oral response - dictate to scribe - multiple sessions - extended time)






23. May be caused by/confused by differences in socioeconomic status (SES) - Some students have physical or mental health issues that lead to term in the classroom. Collaborating with families and colleagues who know the child's needs can help the teache






24. Incorporate the addition of academic language (CALPS). It is important to note that content area learning does not come into play until the fourth stage. Prior to this stage - students are in the 'learning to listen - speak - read and write stage'. I






25. Written document required by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (P.L. 94-142) for every child with a disability; includes statements of present performance - annual goals - instructional objectives - specific educational services needed






26. Vision/Fine motor : 6 weeks Fixes and follows






27. Gross motor lifts head up and looks around will roll from prone to supine - when pulled to sitting position - no longer has head lag - when held in standing position - attempts to maintain some weight support






28. Variability in abilities and characteristics (intelligence - personality - etc.) among students at a particular age and within any group.






29. Early Advanced LiteracyStudents begin to combine the elements of English language in complex - cognitively demanding situations and are able to use English as a means of learning in content areas.






30. Standardized tests and research instruments used to identify developmental norms






31. Parents were responsible for teaching their children to read and write






32. Four elements of observational learning 1.Attention 2.Retention 3.Production 4.Motivation and reinforcement






33. Term learners process information through touching. They learn through active involvement with the physical world — hands-on experiences.






34. Reliability of the test






35. In Vygotsky's theory - the range between children's present level of knowledge and their potential knowledge state if they recieve proper guidance and instruction






36. Fine motor may hold cup and spoon and feed self fairly well with practice - can offer toys and release them - releases cube in cup






37. Seperate railroad cars were constitutional






38. Milani - Comparetti Motor Development screening test - Denver II






39. Legislation in the United States that extends civil rights protection of persons with disabilities to private-sector employment - all public services - public accommodations - transportation - and telecommunication including physical accessibility an






40. Is when behavior or events are observed while something is happening.






41. A relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources - goods - or services






42. If not - infant will develop mistrust towards people and things in their env - even towards themselves.


43. Are designed to record the presence or absence of specific traits or behaviors






44. Theory:'Stages of the Ethic of Care' Gilligan's work questions the male-centered personality psychology of Freud and Erikson - as well as Kohlberg's malecentered stages of moral development. She proposed the stage theory of the moral development of w






45. Children choosing their activities - materials - & experiences; learner-centered experiences; opportunities to touch - manipulate & experiment; a range of expectations for children; extensive talking - reading - & writing; opportunities to make decis






46. Suggested intelligences is a triarchic - compromising analytical - creative - and practical intelligences.






47. Schema - Information Processing - Mapping






48. Professional developement - knowing the latest educational practices - attend meetings on students - open communications with all involved - modifying and accommodating learning practices






49. Assessment during the course of instruction rather than after it is completed






50. Vygotsky's theory - in which children acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture through cooperative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society.emphasizes role in development of cooperative dialogues betwee