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Early Childhood Education Essentials

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Increased motor skill; desire to master physical challenges; repetition to acquire physical skills - as well as gross and fine motor skills; rough and tumble play; rehearsing specific skills to be used in games or sports; and experimenting with new m






2. Pulls to stand - cruises - walks alone






3. Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average.






4. If not - they will develop a sense of inferiority.


5. *depends on the pace of the culture ex: African and west Indian cultures actively encourage early motor strength while other cultures discourage and don't' allow infants to walk until 18 months.






6. 1-2 words (not dada / mama)






7. To help children learn how to learn Importance of developmentally appropriate education Individuals construct their own understandings Value of play






8. An approach to teaching that gives students opportunities to inquire into subjects so that they discover knowledge for themselves. Discovery learning encourages students to think for themselves and discover how knowledge is constructed.






9. Knowledge and skills accumulated from prior experience - schooling - and culture.






10. People who have common historical roots - values - beliefs - and behaviors and who share a sense of interdependence.






11. Waves - Plays pat-a-cake and indicates wants






12. The person may feel guilt - shame - or anxiety when thinking about disturbing experiences or thoughts and start avoiding thoughts about them. This ' thought avoiding' is negatively reinforced by the reduction of the anxiety and unpleasant feelings an






13. When the environment stimulates many senses at once - it gives the child a certain perception of information






14. The number of children of the same age or grade level who would be expected to score lower thatn the child tested






15. A relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources - goods - or services






16. Children have newfound power at this stage as they have developed motor skills and become more and more engaged in social interaction with people around them. They now must learn to achieve a balance between eagerness for more adventure and more resp


17. Problem Solving - Metacognition - Critical Thinking - Transfer






18. An instructional method through which students engage in an in-depth investigation of a real world topic worthy of their attention and effort. The process often includes field trips or expert guests and a culminating event through which children pres






19. Fine motor beginning thumbfinger grasping - releases object at will - grasps for toys out of reach






20. 6 months






21. Provide more in-depth information and useful in tracking child's progress and change






22. Disability characterized by significantly below-average general intelligence and deficits in practical and social skills.






23. Vygotsky's theory - in which children acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture through cooperative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society.emphasizes role in development of cooperative dialogues betwee






24. Babbles






25. Consistently observed differences (on average) among diverse groups of students (e.g. - students of different genders or ethnic backgrounds).






26. Maintenance of Group Focus: making sure that all of your groups/students are engaged in and focused on learning






27. In classical conditioning - the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response as a result of the conditioned stimulus being repeatedly presented alone - In operant conditioning - the eventual disappearance of a response that is no longer being rei






28. Learners break down tasks into pieces and approach each piece separately






29. Norm-referenced assesments enable the PT to document the infants level of development while criterion-referenced assessment serves as measure of direct effects of PT






30. Adult individuals can form close relationships and share with others if they have achieved a sense of identity.






31. Adjustment to the environment






32. A mechanism proposed by Piaget to explain how children shift from one stage of thought to the next.






33. Stage 1: Introduce a concept by lecture - lesson - experience - book read-aloud - etc.Stage 2: Process the information and develop an understanding of the concept through work - experimentation - and creativity. Stage 3: 'Knowing -' which theorist de






34. Learn....






35. Is a collection of materials that shows a person's abilities - accomplishments and progress overtime






36. When kids usually start to remember symbols - like words. Usually ages 2 -7






37. 8 weeks






38. conflict between a positive alternative and a potentially unhealthy alternative. The way in which the individual resolves each crisis will have a lasting effect on that person's self-image and view of society






39. Practice of individualizing instructional methods - and possibly also individualizing specific content and instructional goals - to align with each student's existing knowledge - skills - and needs.






40. Provision in IDEA that requires students with disabilities to be educated with nondisabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate






41. Process of drawing a logical inference about something that must be true - given other information that has already been presented as true.






42. Gross motor begins to raise abdoment off table - sits but posture still shaky - may sit with legs apart; holds arms straight as propr between legs - supports almost full weight when pulled to standing position






43. The perception of cues that indicate the distance of an object






44. Gross motor able to twist and turn and maintain posture - able to sit from standing position - may stand alone - at least momentarily






45. The period of infancy in the first years of life where children who are loved and cared for develop trust and security.






46. Level 3 - Postconventional Moral Reasoning - social contract and universal ethics Moral reasoning - the thinking process involved in judgments about questions of right and wrong Level I - Preconventional Moral Reasoning - judgment is based own perso






47. Behaviors and belief systems that members of a long-standing social group share and pass along to successive generations.






48. A general belief that one is incapable of accomplishing tasks and has little or no control of the environment






49. In adolesence) individual must demonstrate a pattern of behavior in which other people's rights are violated - norms are ignored or rules are broken. Aggression to people & animals - destruction of property deceitfulness or theft - serious violation






50. Earliest level of moral development - in which self-interest determines What is moral