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Test your basic knowledge |
Early Childhood Education Essentials
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An educational plan designed by a child study team (including a teacher) and agreed to by the student's parents or legal guardians describing what learning targets the child should attain - the time frame for attaining them - the proposed methods for
developmental domains
Learned Helplessness
Intelligence test
Individual education plan
2. Plan intervention program -delineate strengths - weaknesses - and needs -criterion-referenced or informal -on-going basis
Due Process in education
Scope
public law 94-142
Standardized ASSESSMENT
3. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under
Early Childhood Developmental milestones birth-8 mos
preconventional
Howard Gardner
Lawrence Kohlberg
4. They learn through an inner process to explore - experiment - and discover.
What are the primary individual difference?
How do children learn through the process of play?
transfer
Social - emotional and behavioural: 3 years
5. Children's self-directed speech that they use to guide their behavior and talk themselves through new tasks -- this gradually turns to inner speech
anecdotal records
Sternberg
private speech
Social - emotional and behavioural: 3 months
6. The collective 'way of life' characteristic of a school; a set of beliefs values - traditions - and ways of thinking and behaving that distinguishes one school from another.
School Culture
on-going assessments
developmental norms
Naturalistic Observation
7. Three zeros in row... three fails in a row
Lee Canter
ceiling
Emotional and behavioral disorders
Naturalistic Observation
8. Toddlers learn to walk talk - use toilets and do things for themselves. Their self-control and self-confidence begin to develop at this stage.
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9. Schools are required to provide due process (legal steps and proceedings designed to protect individual's constitutional rights) safeguards to protect rights of children with disabilities and their parents Example: parent consent to testing and evalu
Due Process in education
Visual Perception
Triarchic theory of intelligence
William Glasser
10. Mental systems of categories and experiences
Students with the same intelligence levels often approach classroom task and think about topics differently. These individual differences are due to ________ or ________ styles
fine motor development
Schemes
Assessment
11. May 17 - 1954 US Supreme Court announced its decision that seperate educational facilities are unequal (The Little Rock Nine)
Self-efficacy
Brown vs. Board of Education
Psychosocial Development
Erickson's Stage 3 Early childhood age 2-6 POSITIVE OUTCOME
12. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
concurrent validity
mainstreaming
Socioeconimic Status (SES)
B.F. Skinner
13. Social and language becomes bored when left alone - begins to show memory - squeals and vocalizations change with mood
Reinforcement
Teachers should keep cultural differences in mind when anticipating or evaluating student behaviors - as the _________ ________ that occurs when the child's home culture and school culture have conflicting expectations that can negatively affect stud
Early Childhood Developmental milestones birth-4 mos
transfer
14. Playing out what can be imagined; fantasy play/pretend; assigning roles; playing with Barbie dolls or action figures; role experimentation based on experiences that are not concrete or direct; and playing with language (riddles - jokes - nonsense ver
Friedrich Froebel
How is symbolic play characterized?
motor development
Bloom's Taxonomy
15. The extent to which two variables are related to each other - such that when one variable increases - the other either increases or decreases in a somewhat predictable manner
Students with the same intelligence levels often approach classroom task and think about topics differently. These individual differences are due to ________ or ________ styles
Correlational Relationship
closure
Teachers should also recognize and attend to
16. AKA observational learning or modeling; component of social learning theory; expanded by Albert Bandura; states that people pay attention to a model and convert the learning into action
Testing accomodations
Vicarious Learning
Scope
Vision/Fine motor: 9 months
17. Compared to a gold standard
concurrent validity
Erickson's Stage 3 Early childhood age 2-6 DESCRIPTION
attributes of reflective practicioners
List five Cultural differences
18. If children can discover pleasure in intellectual stimulation - being productive - seeking success - they will develop a sense of competence.
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19. A measure of social class based on income and education
Socioeconimic Status (SES)
Classroom climate
Control Theory
Age appropriate knowledge and behavior
20. Learn....
schema
B.F. Skinner
Constructivism
Sucessful teachers need to understand each individual and all of the variables of their lives to be able to understand how they will
21. No head lag - Sit with support - on Forearms
guidelines for selection of tests
esteem needs
ginott
Gross motor development: 6 months
22. The theory that behavior is learned through the observation of others as well as through the direct experience of rewards and punishments.-Bandura
Guilt
Hearing -Speech and language : 12 months
Social Learning Theory
Stage 7 Middle adulthood age 40-65 POSITIVE OUTCOME
23. Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average.
Gifted Children
Fear of stranger
accomodation
Hearing -Speech and language : 9 months
24. In this stage - the most important events are love relationships. No matter how successful you are with your work - said Erikson - you are not developmentally copmlete until you are capable of intimacy. An ind who has not developed a sense of identit
Culture
standard scores
Multicultural curriculum
Stage 6 Young adulthood age 19-40 DESCRIPTION
25. Follows self-chosen principles of justice and right. Aware that peopl hold differet values and seeks creative solutions to ethical dilemmas. Balances concern for idividual with concern for common good.
Jacob Kounin:4 characteristics that a teacher needs 1
Jone's Model of Skill Clusters - Skill Cluster 2
post conventional
Enactive Learning Theory
26. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theory - - the primary process in learning is subsumation - where new material is in relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subs
Erickson's Stage 4 Elementary and middle school age 6-12 DESCRIPTION
Intermittent Reinforcement
David Ausubel
Analytic learners
27. A theoretical perspective that proposes that learners construct a body of knowledge from their experiences—knowledge that may or may not be an accurate representation of external reality.
formal operational thinkers
Constructivism
Psychoanalytic Theory
criterion based
28. 6-7 cube tower - Circular scribbles
Vision/Fine motor: 24 months
Preoperational Stage
Massachusetts Law of Education 1647
Social Emotional Disturbance
29. Is the process of observing - recording - and documenting children's growth and behavior
Limit age : Reach
Erickson's Stage 3 Early childhood age 2-6 POSITIVE OUTCOME
language behavior
assessment
30. AIDS causing virus which attacks cells that help fight off infections
criterion based
HIV
criterion-referenced tests
Arranging words into sentences or paragraphs
31. Oral Stage Freud - 1st stage birth - 1 yr. Anal Stage Freud - 2nd stage 1 - 3yr. Phallic Stage Freud - 3rd stage 3-6yr. Latency Stage Freud - 4th stage 7-11yr. Genital Stage Freud - 5th stage
Freuds Stages
progression
William Glasser
Early Childhood Developmental milestones birth-8 mos
32. People who have common historical roots - values - beliefs - and behaviors and who share a sense of interdependence.
participation chart
concurrent validity
attributes of reflective practicioners
Ethnic Group
33. (1908-1970) humanistic psychologist who proposed the hierarchy of needs - with self-actualization as the ultimate psychological need. Humans have a hierarchy of needs ranging from lower-level needs for survival and safety to higher-level needs for in
Direct Observations
Abraham Maslow
formal operational thinkers
multicultural education
34. Belief that intelligence can improve with effort and practice.
Organization
Incremental view of intelligence
Student learning is influenced by...
Lower socioeconomic status
35. School is the important even at this stage. Children learn to ake things - use tools - and acquire the skills to be a worker and a potential provider. And they do all these while making the transition from the world of home into the world of peers.
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36. Individual experiences - Individual talents - Prior learning - Language - Culture - Family - Community Values
Operations
Student learning is influenced by...
formal observation
Emotional Expression
37. The process of reviewing information and finding value in it
Multicultural Education
formal observation
evaluation
Least Restrictive environment
38. Refers to the sounds that letters represent and how these sounds and letters combine to form words.
phonics
Student with special needs
Jone's Model of Skill Clusters - Skill Cluster 3
PDMS-2 peabody developmental motor scales-2
39. The act of following a particular response with a reinforcer and thereby increasing the frequency of that response
Cooperative Learning
examples standardized screening tests
Reinforcement
Basic Mistrust
40. Is a collection of materials that shows a person's abilities - accomplishments and progress overtime
portfolio
Holistic Learners
Fear of stranger
ADHD
41. The number of children of the same age or grade level who would be expected to score lower thatn the child tested
Limit age : constant babble
percentile score
language behavior
temperment
42. When the behavior of the individuals in the same group is more similar - on average - than the behaviors of individuals from different groups.
Jean piaget
Fine motor behavior
Teachers should keep cultural differences in mind when anticipating or evaluating student behaviors - as the _________ ________ that occurs when the child's home culture and school culture have conflicting expectations that can negatively affect stud
How are group differences identified?
43. One's ability to process info from different sources - including hearing speech against background noise - sound discriminations - and sound recognition
purpose of developmental testing
Auditory Perception
Early Childhood Developmental milestones birth-6 mos
Components of Interdisciplinary Units
44. Criterion used more for evaluation of the effects of physical therapy and treatment planning
Social Learning Theory
Therapy uses of referenced tests
Hearing -Speech and language : 3 years
Adaptation
45. Adapting to cultural demands - Infants' specific - lasting - social relationships with others - especially parents and caregivers
Creative Thinking
standard error of measurement
Sociocultural Perspective - Attachments
Plessy vs. Ferguson
46. If not - the adolescent will sink into confusion - unable to make decisions and choices esp about vocation - sexual orientation and his role in life in general.
Stage 5 Adolescence age 12-18 NEGATIVE OUTCOME
Alternative assessments
Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Piagets stages
47. Mean chronological age represented by a certain test score
age equivelent score
The third and fourth stages
Limit age : 6 words
social and emotional issues
48. A consequence that brings about the increase of a behavior through the presentation (rather than removal) of a stimulus.
Limit age: smile
Positive Reinforcement
Learning
Kinesthetic learner
49. Level 3 - Postconventional Moral Reasoning - social contract and universal ethics Moral reasoning - the thinking process involved in judgments about questions of right and wrong Level I - Preconventional Moral Reasoning - judgment is based own perso
physical issues
Stages of moral reasoning-Kohlberg
Fine motor behavior
Due Process in education
50. Practice of individualizing instructional methods - and possibly also individualizing specific content and instructional goals - to align with each student's existing knowledge - skills - and needs.
Assessment
Early Childhood Developmental milestones birth-4 mos
ifferentiated instruction
Crystallized intelligence