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Early Childhood Education Essentials

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Kohlberg-situations in which no choice is clearly and indisputably right.






2. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm






3. Plan developmentally appropriate curriculum - gain insight into child's learning style and needs - interests - strengths and weaknesses - identify classroom






4. Scissor use - shapes : Circle (3) - Cross (4) - Square (5) - Triangle (6) - Diamond (7)






5. Four elements of observational learning 1.Attention 2.Retention 3.Production 4.Motivation and reinforcement






6. Assessment during the course of instruction rather than after it is completed






7. Schools are required to provide due process (legal steps and proceedings designed to protect individual's constitutional rights) safeguards to protect rights of children with disabilities and their parents Example: parent consent to testing and evalu






8. The belief that one is capable of executing certain behaviors or reaching certain goals






9. Belief that intelligence can improve with effort and practice.






10. Prefer to see the information and read material. They learn most effectively with graphs - illustrations - diagrams - timelines - photos - pie charts - and visual design.






11. 1. Beginning Literacy 2. Early Intermediate Literacy 3. Intermediate Literacy 4. Early Advanced Literacy






12. Group that resists the ways of the dominant culture and adopts its own norms for behavior.






13. Gross motor stis securely wo support - bears weight on legs when supported - may stand holding on






14. Swiss psychologist who pioneered the study of cognitive development in children; fourstage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processe






15. Norm -three parts (mental scale - motor scale - behaviour scale) -premies - HIV - neonatal asphyxia - DD - autsim - down syndrome






16. Are characteristics and behaviors considered normal for children in specific age groups






17. Expressed as deviations or variations from the mean score for a group - expressed in units of standard deviation






18. Suggested intelligences is a triarchic - compromising analytical - creative - and practical intelligences.






19. Students are affected by the school's term. Issues that impact term include bullying - teasing - cliques - threats to personal safety - freedom to take risks or make mistakes - collaborative groups - gender relationships - and the structure of the cl






20. Examination of inappropriate behavior and its antecedents and consequences to determine one or more purposes (functions) that the behavior might serve for the learner.






21. A means used to learn and remember knowledge






22. Norm-referenced assesments enable the PT to document the infants level of development while criterion-referenced assessment serves as measure of direct effects of PT






23. This psychologist believed children are born with an innate cognitive ability that must be developed. He believed intelligence consists of interaction and coping with one's environment and proposed 4 levels. Sensorimotor - Preoperational - Concrete O






24. Mean chronological age represented by a certain test score






25. Promotion of democratic prinicples - teaching of common values - and educating a diverse culture of global society






26. If this crisis is not successfully resolved - the person will remain self-centered and experience stagnation later in life.






27. Vygotsky's theory - in which children acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture through cooperative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society.emphasizes role in development of cooperative dialogues betwee






28. Walks well and runs






29. Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average.






30. Learners break down tasks into pieces and approach each piece separately






31. Playing out what can be imagined; fantasy play/pretend; assigning roles; playing with Barbie dolls or action figures; role experimentation based on experiences that are not concrete or direct; and playing with language (riddles - jokes - nonsense ver






32. Fine motor may hold cup and spoon and feed self fairly well with practice - can offer toys and release them - releases cube in cup






33. Inquiry - discovery - cooperative - pair-share - jigsaw - STAD - teams - games - collaborative learning - concept models - discussion models - laboratories - project-based learning - simulations






34. New and original behavior that yields a productive and culturally appropriate result.






35. Erikson's term for the fifth stage of development - in which the person tries to figure out 'who am I?' but is confused as to which of many possible roles to adopt






36. A child who feels guilt will be fearful - not quite fit in socially - be dependent on adults and have an underdeveloped imagination.






37. Stage 1: Introduce a concept by lecture - lesson - experience - book read-aloud - etc.Stage 2: Process the information and develop an understanding of the concept through work - experimentation - and creativity. Stage 3: 'Knowing -' which theorist de






38. Toddlers learn to walk talk - use toilets and do things for themselves. Their self-control and self-confidence begin to develop at this stage.


39. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






40. Dry in the day - Removes some clothing






41. The communication of feeling to others through facial expressions - gestures - and vocalizations






42. Norm = monitor progress - criterion = measure effects of PT






43. Crawls - Sits steadily and pivots






44. If the adult has achieved a sense of fulfillment about life and a sense of unity within himself and with others - he will accept death with a sense of integrity. Just as the healthy child will not fear life - said Erikson the healthy adult will not f






45. Theory:'Stages of the Ethic of Care' Gilligan's work questions the male-centered personality psychology of Freud and Erikson - as well as Kohlberg's malecentered stages of moral development. She proposed the stage theory of the moral development of w






46. He was a philosopher who believed in 'learning by doing' which formed the foundation of progressive education. He believed that the teachers' goal should be 'education for life and that the workbench is just as important as the blackboard.' Viewed pr






47. Temporary support that is tailored to a learner's needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learner master the next task in a given learning process






48. Vision/Fine motor : 6 weeks Fixes and follows






49. 2.5 years






50. In classical conditioning - the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response as a result of the conditioned stimulus being repeatedly presented alone - In operant conditioning - the eventual disappearance of a response that is no longer being rei