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Elementary Psychology

Subject : psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. covariate: look for cause of behavior 2. consistency: does this pairing always occur? 3. distinctiveness: is this behavior rare in terms of frequency 4. consensus: do other people react the same way?

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2. Use of rewards to reinforce behavior






3. Study of the relationship between mind and boy - health and illness behavior






4. Should I make decisions on my own - or listen to others? [childhood]






5. Gradually pair feared object with feelings of cal/relaxation - progressively fearful things are confronted






6. Name given to a substantial and long-sustained increase in intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world






7. Most common/successful intelligence test






8. Gap between your actual developmental level and your potential developmental level [Vygotsky's]






9. Teachers may treat students differently depending on what the teacher believes about the students IQ






10. Puberty & on - pleasure from sexual intercourse






11. Completely unconscious - home of sex & aggression instincts - guided by pleasure principal - comes out in dreams






12. Thoughts and actions are identical - acquisition of object permanence - A not B error (preservation) - [Piaget]






13. Infrequent & uncommon - rarity alone is not enough - many mental disorders are not really rare (Depression)






14. Stop smoking - cut down on alcohol consumption - exercise to relieve stress and maintain healthy weight - eat healthy






15. Most common mistake: quick to assume personality - forget circumstances & situation






16. Sheriff study at boys camp - Three Stages: Ingroup Formation - Friction Phase - Integration Phase






17. Worry that father will cut their penis off






18. High in consistency; low in distinctiveness - consensus - the person is the cause






19. General feeling of apprehension about a possible danger






20. Inferences about the cause of behavior - help us create attitudes about ourselves/others






21. Scientific study of the thoughts - feelings - and behaviors of individuals as they are shaped by the actual - implied - or imagined presence of others






22. Upset when leaves - mixed feelings when they return






23. Limited resources - creates conflict over these resources - leads to hostility between groups






24. Line judgement task with 1 participant - 6 confederates - bogus confederate responses






25. Set of beliefs & impressions about a group of people - effect usually negative - [Cognition]






26. Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or to avoid disapproval from others






27. 1. Statistical Deviance 2. Cultural Deviance 3. Emotional Distress 4. Dysfunction






28. We all want a positive self-esteem - self includes group membership: 'my group is better than yours'






29. Depressed mood - loss of interest/pleasure - change in appetite/weight - sleep disturbance - psychomotor agitation - feelings of worthlessness/guilt






30. Intended to reflect what you have already learned






31. Penis envy - blame mother for making them girls - desire for 'false penis' and childbirth






32. Oedipus complex - realize father is a sexual rival/more powerful - castration complex - learn to identify with father






33. Give up short-term - selfish desires for the long-term good of the relationship






34. Intended to predict your ability to learn a new skill






35. Goal is to change therapy - focus on reinforcing desired behaviors and eliminating undesired behaviors






36. Focus on the outcome of being in a situation that causes stress - stress is a physiological response Ex: fight or flight vs General Adaptation Syndrome






37. Evil spirits inhibited the body - believed witches had mental illness - Treatment: exorcism






38. Chronic/excessive worry - unrealistic fears - physical stress - tense - jumpy - can't be attributed to one source






39. 1. Problem Focused: tackle the stressor head on - usually occurs when optimistic and believe we can achieve our goals 2. Emotion Focused: try to place a more positive outlook on emotions - engage in behaviors to reduce painful emotions






40. Ability to concentrate & hold information in your mind






41. Ask for a small favor first - followed up with a larger request - if you say yes once - you are more likely to say yes later






42. Maladaptive behavior - interferes with ability to function - impairment alone is not enough (laziness)






43. Dental students were given a puncture wound in their mouth and measure how long it would heal - Results: wounds took longer to heal during exams than during the summer (stress)






44. Beliefs about the object






45. Reward gradual approximation to desired behavior






46. First developed to treat depression - attempts to remove irrational thoughts/beliefs that were thought to be the cause of the problem






47. Drugs:tranquilizers (Xanax - Valium) - psychotherapy: find repressed fear - cognitive: identify illogical thoughts






48. Pleasure from anus - successful toilet training=passage through






49. Can I form a committed relationship with another individual? [adolescence]






50. Ask for a large favor first - followed up with something much smaller - if you say no - you may feel guilty and may say yes to a more reasonable request