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Elementary Psychology

Subject : psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ability to think of images - shapes - figures






2. 1. Problem Focused: tackle the stressor head on - usually occurs when optimistic and believe we can achieve our goals 2. Emotion Focused: try to place a more positive outlook on emotions - engage in behaviors to reduce painful emotions






3. 1. Statistical Deviance 2. Cultural Deviance 3. Emotional Distress 4. Dysfunction






4. Uncontrollable and inescapable exposure to stressors that can lead to disease/disability - Ex: distant - chronic - acute






5. Focus on the outcome of being in a situation that causes stress - stress is a physiological response Ex: fight or flight vs General Adaptation Syndrome






6. Study of the mental illness of the brain






7. 1. Paranoid: delusions of persecution or grandeur 2. Disorganized: incoherence - delusions - hallucinations 3. Catatonic: frozen/excited motor behavior 4. Undifferentiated: all of the above






8. General feeling of apprehension about a possible danger






9. Process by which social forces are internalized in infants - mastering skills by interacting with others - [Vygotsky's]






10. Study of the individuals - by observation - with the intention of promoting change






11. We behave as we do because it was adaptive for our ancestors






12. Process by which we appraise and cope with environmental threats and challenges






13. Provides objective - well-defined classification system including specific symptoms - does not suggest cures/therapy - 5 axes






14. Have I contributed to the world in some meaningful way? [adulthood]






15. Describes prolonged stress response in three stages 1. Alarm: fight or flight 2. Resistance: body uses resources to resist stress 3. Exhaustion: physiological response is depleted - become susceptible to illness/disease






16. Complying with a request due to the perception that the requestor has a legit right to make the request






17. Situations that cause stress - subjective and personal






18. Inferences about the cause of behavior - help us create attitudes about ourselves/others






19. Influence resulting from a person's willingness to accept others opinions about reality






20. Product of the interaction between individuals and their environment - subjective experience that depends on appraisal of situation






21. Most common/successful intelligence test






22. Thematic apperception test - tell stories about ambiguous pictures






23. Will others fulfill my needs - or am I on my own? [childhood]






24. Overt behavior consistent with social norms that are not privately accepted (external)






25. Positive or negative evaluation of a group of people - [Affect]






26. Advantages: clear expectations & goals - fast & cheap - disadvantages: no underlying thoughts revealed






27. Replication of Milgram study - same study but with administering shocks to puppies






28. Beliefs about the object






29. Private acceptance of social norms (internal)






30. + Focus on thoughts as cause of behavior - leads us to lasting change in behavior - harder to change thoughts than behavior - time consuming






31. Set of beliefs & impressions about a group of people - effect usually negative - [Cognition]






32. Gap between current outcomes and the comparison level (CL) - compared to TV - family - friends - past partners - etc






33. Monkeys preferred the comfortable mom vs the mom that provided food - contact comfort

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34. Against culture norms - behavior often paired with societal disapproval - disapproval is not enough (sexism - racism)






35. Men: easy to reproduce - want fertility - Women: pregnancy-> picky - want stability






36. Learned behaviors weaken over time if not reinforced - remove maladaptive behavior by removing any reinforcement for it - removal of phobias/anxiety






37. Reward gradual approximation to desired behavior






38. 1. covariate: look for cause of behavior 2. consistency: does this pairing always occur? 3. distinctiveness: is this behavior rare in terms of frequency 4. consensus: do other people react the same way?

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39. Oedipus complex - realize father is a sexual rival/more powerful - castration complex - learn to identify with father






40. Process by which we appraise and cope with environmental threats and challenges






41. Ask for a small favor first - followed up with a larger request - if you say yes once - you are more likely to say yes later






42. Thoughts and actions are identical - acquisition of object permanence - A not B error (preservation) - [Piaget]






43. Role of experimenter vs. proximity of learner






44. Gap between current outcomes and the comparison level for alternatives (CLalt) - CLalt: next best relationship you could have






45. Acceptance of one's life - both successes & failures [adulthood]






46. 1) untestable 2) evidence that social roles may be more important 3) too deterministic






47. Process by which social forces are internalized in infants - mastering skills by interacting with others - [Vygotsky's]






48. Oedipus complex - realize father is a sexual rival/more powerful - castration complex - learn to identify with father






49. Good stressor that motivates the individual to make necessary changes - Ex: being too hot motivates you to take off coat






50. Dental students were given a puncture wound in their mouth and measure how long it would heal - Results: wounds took longer to heal during exams than during the summer (stress)