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Elementary Psychology

Subject : psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sheriff study at boys camp - Three Stages: Ingroup Formation - Friction Phase - Integration Phase






2. Prior testing - medication - educational history - significant medical events






3. Dental students were given a puncture wound in their mouth and measure how long it would heal - Results: wounds took longer to heal during exams than during the summer (stress)






4. Pleasure from anus - successful toilet training=passage through






5. Satisfaction & dependence/alternatives






6. Gap between current outcomes and the comparison level (CL) - compared to TV - family - friends - past partners - etc






7. Goal is to change therapy - focus on reinforcing desired behaviors and eliminating undesired behaviors






8. Inconsistent behavior/confused






9. Ask for a large favor first - followed up with something much smaller - if you say no - you may feel guilty and may say yes to a more reasonable request






10. Puberty & on - pleasure from sexual intercourse






11. Positive or negative evaluation of a group of people - [Affect]






12. Process by which we appraise and cope with environmental threats and challenges






13. Focus on identifying different types of events that are considered stressful by most people - Ex: Catastrophic Events - Major Life Events - Daily Hassles






14. Study of the individuals - by observation - with the intention of promoting change






15. Most common mistake: quick to assume personality - forget circumstances & situation






16. Both big 5 traits & some personality disorder - compared to selected groups even if they don't make sense - Ex: 'I like cake'






17. Unhappy - lonely - often produces physical or emotional pain - distress alone is not enough (mania - psychopathy)






18. General feeling of apprehension about a possible danger






19. Objects are remembered even when out of sight






20. Thoughts and actions are identical - acquisition of object permanence - A not B error (preservation) - [Piaget]






21. Increase in symbolic thought - egocentrism - language development - [Piaget]






22. High in consistency; low in distinctiveness - consensus - the person is the cause






23. 1. Problem Focused: tackle the stressor head on - usually occurs when optimistic and believe we can achieve our goals 2. Emotion Focused: try to place a more positive outlook on emotions - engage in behaviors to reduce painful emotions






24. Focus on identifying different types of events that are considered stressful by most people - Ex: Catastrophic Events - Major Life Events - Daily Hassles






25. Gap between current outcomes and the comparison level for alternatives (CLalt) - CLalt: next best relationship you could have






26. Set of beliefs & impressions about a group of people - effect usually negative - [Cognition]






27. Lived in End of Romatic Era (emphasis on expression - art - passion - sexuality relatively liberal) -grew up in Victorian Age (sexuality is taboo - emphasis on public decency/morality - paternal) -mothers first born and favorite child -love/hate rela

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28. Gradually pair feared object with feelings of cal/relaxation - progressively fearful things are confronted






29. Able to see that products/objects are not changing even if they undergo a transformation






30. Gap between your actual developmental level and your potential developmental level [Vygotsky's]






31. Mix of biology and psychology - biological predisposition & perhaps environmental stressor involved






32. Discomfort created when our attitudes do not match our behavior






33. Worry that father will cut their penis off






34. 1. Primary: must perceive that event is a threat to personal goals 2. Secondary: must conclude that resources to meet demands of event are unavailable






35. 1. Problem Focused: tackle the stressor head on - usually occurs when optimistic and believe we can achieve our goals 2. Emotion Focused: try to place a more positive outlook on emotions - engage in behaviors to reduce painful emotions






36. Goal is to change therapy - focus on reinforcing desired behaviors and eliminating undesired behaviors






37. Complying with a request due to the perception that the requestor has a legit right to make the request






38. Deinstitutionalization: worked for some - but not all - diagnosis based on symptoms - Treatment: therapy - drugs






39. Will others fulfill my needs - or am I on my own? [childhood]






40. Process by which social forces are internalized in infants - mastering skills by interacting with others - [Vygotsky's]






41. First developed to treat depression - attempts to remove irrational thoughts/beliefs that were thought to be the cause of the problem






42. Highlight negative thoughts - therapists work to change thoughts and focus on interpretation of events






43. Detachment from reality - often associated with delusions - hallucinations - and disorganized thoughts - 'split-mind'






44. Logical thinking - develop conservation - [Piaget]






45. Measurable personality features that can indicate behavior






46. Private acceptance of social norms (internal)






47. Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or to avoid disapproval from others






48. Inconsistent behavior/confused






49. + Focus on thoughts as cause of behavior - leads us to lasting change in behavior - harder to change thoughts than behavior - time consuming






50. 1. Intrustions: thinking about it when you don't want to 2. Avoidance: avoid anything that reminds you of the incident 3. Arousal: physically aroused from stimuli of event