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Elementary Psychology

Subject : psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name given to a substantial and long-sustained increase in intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world






2. Abnormal behavior is a disease/illness - not the patients fault - Treatment: asylum house - bloodletting






3. Digit span: repeat a set of numbers backwards - arithmetic: If Jessica has 3 packs of gum with 4 packs each - how many sticks will she have for herself if she gives 2 sticks each to 3 friends






4. Goal is to change therapy - focus on reinforcing desired behaviors and eliminating undesired behaviors






5. Resolution of phallic stage conflicts that lead to extended break until puberty






6. Behavior that negatively affects a group of people - [Behavior]






7. Study of the relationship between mind and boy - health and illness behavior






8. Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or to avoid disapproval from others






9. Ability to think of images - shapes - figures






10. Reward gradual approximation to desired behavior






11. Strict moral guide - conscious - preconscious - and unconscious - tries to repress Id's demands - guided by idealistic principal






12. General feeling of apprehension about a possible danger






13. Abstract thinking develops - final stage - [Piaget]






14. Pleasure from anus - successful toilet training=passage through






15. Ability to concentrate & hold information in your mind






16. Process by which social forces are internalized in infants - mastering skills by interacting with others - [Vygotsky's]






17. Gap between current outcomes and the comparison level (CL) - compared to TV - family - friends - past partners - etc






18. Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or to avoid disapproval from others






19. Most common type of therapy - combo of behavioral and cognitive therapy - focus on changing thoughts and behaviors using learning and conditioning methods






20. 1. covariate: look for cause of behavior 2. consistency: does this pairing always occur? 3. distinctiveness: is this behavior rare in terms of frequency 4. consensus: do other people react the same way?

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21. Both big 5 traits & some personality disorder - compared to selected groups even if they don't make sense - Ex: 'I like cake'






22. Interpret ambiguous items where answers are meaningful - Ex: Rorschach Inkblots






23. Gradually pair feared object with feelings of cal/relaxation - progressively fearful things are confronted






24. + Focus on thoughts as cause of behavior - leads us to lasting change in behavior - harder to change thoughts than behavior - time consuming






25. High in consistency - distinctiveness - consensus - the situation is the cause






26. General feeling of apprehension about a possible danger






27. Predisposition to act - actions in the past






28. Inferences about the cause of behavior - help us create attitudes about ourselves/others






29. 1. Paranoid: delusions of persecution or grandeur 2. Disorganized: incoherence - delusions - hallucinations 3. Catatonic: frozen/excited motor behavior 4. Undifferentiated: all of the above






30. Uncontrollable and inescapable exposure to stressors that can lead to disease/disability - Ex: distant - chronic - acute






31. 1. Checked into mental hospital for hearing voices 2. admitted for observation 3. they behaved as they normally would






32. Provides objective - well-defined classification system including specific symptoms - does not suggest cures/therapy - 5 axes






33. Shared expectations in a group about how particular people are supposed to behave






34. Replication of Milgram study - same study but with administering shocks to puppies






35. Change behavior - change attitude






36. Acceptance of one's life - both successes & failures [adulthood]






37. Describes prolonged stress response in three stages 1. Alarm: fight or flight 2. Resistance: body uses resources to resist stress 3. Exhaustion: physiological response is depleted - become susceptible to illness/disease






38. Ask for a small favor first - followed up with a larger request - if you say yes once - you are more likely to say yes later






39. First developed to treat depression - attempts to remove irrational thoughts/beliefs that were thought to be the cause of the problem






40. Evil spirits inhibited the body - believed witches had mental illness - Treatment: exorcism






41. 1) untestable 2) evidence that social roles may be more important 3) too deterministic






42. 1. Problem Focused: tackle the stressor head on - usually occurs when optimistic and believe we can achieve our goals 2. Emotion Focused: try to place a more positive outlook on emotions - engage in behaviors to reduce painful emotions






43. Limited resources - creates conflict over these resources - leads to hostility between groups






44. Objects are remembered even when out of sight






45. Evaluation or opinion that an individual has toward something






46. Emotions about the object






47. Acceptance of one's life - both successes & failures [adulthood]






48. Penis envy - blame mother for making them girls - desire for 'false penis' and childbirth






49. Will normal - average people perform evil acts simply because an authority figure asks them to do so - Ex: voltage shocks up to lethal amount






50. Sheriff study at boys camp - Three Stages: Ingroup Formation - Friction Phase - Integration Phase







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