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Elementary Teaching

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Indicates some type of visual problem has resulted in a need for special education






2. People can learn by observing the behaviors of others & the outcomes of those behaviors - learning can occur without a change in behavior - the consequences of behavior play a role in learning - cognition (to perceive or understand) plays a role in l






3. Educational Goals Critically examine today's institutions; elevate the status of marginalized people.






4. About 1/3 of affected girls have mild retardation/learning disability; may exhibit attention disorders - self-stimulatory behaviors - and speech/language problems






5. Stage at which children learn mentally to represent things.






6. The idea of 'public education' was created by historians who were 'educational missionaries.'






7. Moving from the physical characteristics of language (e.g. - letter-sounds) that are interpreted into successively more symbolic and meaningful levels (syntax and semantics). Often contrasted with top-down processing.






8. A subconscious process in which learners develop competence by using language for 'real communication.' This is often contrasted with taking courses to learn language.






9. Clear statement of what students are intended to learn through instruction.






10. Component of instruction in which students work by themselves to demonstrate and rehearse new knowledge.






11. Level of development immediately above a person's present level.






12. Structured lessons that students can work on individually - at their own pace.






13. One of three stages of children's use of language identified by Vygotsky during which children begin to use speech to regulate their behavior and thinking through spoken aloud self-verbalizations; contrast with social speech and inner speech.






14. Stimuli that do not naturally prompt a particular response.






15. Concerned with the impact that SES and culture have on students' ability to learn; leader in the Progressive movement.






16. Instruction felt to be adapted to the current developmental status of children (rather than their age alone).






17. Criterion-referenced tests focusing on important skills students are expected to have mastered to qualify for promotion or graduation.






18. A condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time & to a marked degree that adversely affects educational performance






19. Approach to teaching in which lessons are goal-oriented and structured by the teacher.






20. Person adopts rules and will sometimes subordinate her own needs to those of the group. Expectations of family - group - or nation are seen as valuable in their own right - regardless of immediate/obvious consequences.






21. Also referred to as schema (pl. schemata) in some research areas; in Piaget's theory - the physical actions - mental operations - concepts - or theories people use to organize and acquire information about their world.






22. The period of life from 2 to 7 years old when - Piaget believed - children demonstrate an increased ability to use symbols (gestures - words - numbers) to represent real objects in their environment.






23. Explanation of the relationship between factors such as the effects of alternative grading systems on student motivation.






24. Made an identity commitment - but not explored identity.






25. Class rewards that depend on the behavior of all students.






26. A teaching method in which the teacher guides instruction so that students will master and internalize the skills that permit higher cognitive functioning.






27. Condition characterized by extreme restlessness and short attention spans relative to peers.






28. A part of long-term memory that stores images of our personal experiences.






29. Carryover of behaviors - skills - or concepts from one setting or task to another.






30. Mental networks of related concepts that influence understanding of new information.






31. A standard students must meet to be considered proficient in a skill.






32. Condition - usually present at birth - that results in below-average intellectual skills and poor adaptive behavior.






33. Individualized instruction administered by a computer.






34. An umbrella term to describe all who receive special education-children with disabilities as well as children who are gifted.






35. A form of formal logic achieved during the formal operational stage that Piaget identified as the ability to draw a logical inference between two statements or premises in an 'if-then' relationship.






36. The adolescent's inability to develop a clear sense of self.






37. A skill learned during the concrete operational stage of cognitive development in which individuals can think simultaneously about a whole class of objects as well as relationships among its subordinate classes.






38. Theory suggesting that information coded both visually and verbally is remembered better than information coded in only one of those two ways.






39. Policy or practice of placing all students in regular classes with appropriate assistance.






40. Involves organizing - selecting - and applying complex procedures that have at least several important steps or components.






41. A reward that is external to the activity - such as recognition or a good grade.






42. The process of restoring balance between present understanding and new experiences.






43. Programs in which assignments or activities are designed to broaden or deepen the knowledge of students who master classroom lessons quickly.






44. Category of exceptionality characterized by problems with learning - interpersonal relationships - and control of feelings and behavior.






45. Compensatory education programs in which students are placed in separate classes for remediation.






46. Educational Implications (1)rigorous intellectual curriculum for all students. (2) Focus on math - science - and literature = logical thought/enduring ideas. (3) Goal = students develop intellectual skills in writing - speaking - computing - problem-






47. 1954 U.S. Supreme Court rules that separate facilities for Black and White students are inherently unequal = called for integration of schools.






48. Learning Environment Community-oriented - self-regulated






49. Using unpleasant consequences to weaken a behavior






50. A consequence that people learn to value through its association with a primary reinforcer.







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