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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What happens to subsequent packets destined for FIB entries in CEF glean state?
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Route caching and topology based
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Enable error-disable for all possible causes

2. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

3. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an extended IP access list using TCP/UDP?
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
The adjacency table
10GbE operates only at full duplex
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex

4. What is unknown unicast flooding?
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself

5. What is 1000BASE-ZX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling

6. What is the name of physical network segment where data packets can collide with one another when being sent?
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Collision domain
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection

7. What is half duplex operation?

8. What is 1000BASE-LX/LH?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)

9. What are the 1000BASE-X transceiver module form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)

10. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
25 metres
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Only temporarily for debugging purposes

11. What function is performed by the Switching Database Manager (SDM)?
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
SC or MT-RJ
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Half duplex

12. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
300 seconds
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)

13. What happens when autonegotiating of link duplex mode fails on a Fast Ethernet link?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
IEEE 802.3ab
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)

14. Enables error-disable detection
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet

15. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

16. What is 1000BASE-SX?
SVI
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

17. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
IEEE 802.3ae
15 metres
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

18. Displays the contents of the CAM table
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
Static access or trunk
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

19. What is 1000BASE-X?
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

20. What is 10GBASE-X?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]

21. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)

22. What portion of the FIB contains the Layer 3 next-hop addresses for each entry together with the corresponding Layer 2 information?
Multilayer Switching
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
The adjacency table
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX

23. What is 1000BASE-T?
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Switch#show interfaces status

24. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
Native routed interface
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
10GbE operates only at full duplex
SVI or native routed interface

25. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
100 metres
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap

26. What is the operational mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Static access
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Static access or dynamic

27. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
Half duplex
SVI
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant

28. Enables error-disable for errors with dynamic ARP inspection
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}

29. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

30. What are the common cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet?
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Static access or trunk
American National Standards Institute
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit

31. Disables CEF operation globally
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Switch(config)#no ip cef
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)

32. What type of packets can not be forwarded by CEF but are instead sent to the switch CPU for process switching in software?
Half duplex
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
The Null adjacency
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets

33. What is TCAM?
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Static access or dynamic
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

34. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
Dynamic
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Creating the VLAN

35. How are MAC addresses shown in the detailed output from the CEF adjacency table?
Creating the VLAN
LOU registers
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)

36. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination

37. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Native routed interface
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces

38. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Trunk
IEEE 802.3z
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
SC or MT-RJ

39. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
The adjacency table
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

40. Displays a list with status of all interfaces
Switch#show interfaces status
10 km
SC or MT-RJ
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

41. What is CSMA/CD?
Routing table and ARP table
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}

42. What is 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
The Null adjacency
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]

43. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Half duplex

44. What denotes the number of times a CEF entry has been updated since the CEF table was created?
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
10 km
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
The CEF entry version number

45. What is LOU?
Logical Operation Unit
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

46. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Off
Trunk or dynamic

47. What is WWDM?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
IEEE 802.3
Electromagnetic Interference
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

48. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
SVI or native routed interface
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
10 km
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

49. What is 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Off

50. How does topology based switching work?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding