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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
IEEE 802.3ae
10 km
Tunnel
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}

2. Enables error-disable for Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) received on ports configured for STP PortFast
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

3. What are the administrative modes of Layer 2 switched interfaces?
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Electromagnetic Interference

4. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
IEEE 802.3
Switch#show interfaces status
The Discard adjacency
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}

5. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the transceiver wavelengths?
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood

6. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

7. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

8. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
Routing table and ARP table
Half duplex
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Multilayer Switching

9. Resets the configuration of a switch port to its default values
IEEE 802.3ab
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch#show errdisable recovery

10. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
300 seconds
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

11. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

12. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

13. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Routing table and ARP table
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

14. Sets the administrative mode of a switch port to access
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

15. What denotes the number of times a CEF entry has been updated since the CEF table was created?
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
The CEF entry version number
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

16. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
Creating the VLAN
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
IEEE 802.3ae

17. What is a SVI?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
The Drop adjacency
Switched virtual interface (SVI)

18. What are the common cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet?
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
40 km
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance

19. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
IEEE 802.3ab
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T

20. What is LAN PHY used for?
The adjacency table
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

21. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-SR/SW?
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)

22. Displays interface configuration information
100 metres
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

23. Where is source and destination addresses and other relevant protocol information for access lists stored in the TCAM table?
The Layer 3 engine
In TCAM Value entries
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

24. What is the timer range for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

25. What is IEEE?
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end

26. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
Dynamic
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Switch#show errdisable detect
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}

27. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

28. What is 100BASE-FX?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end

29. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 engine?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Routing table and ARP table
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

30. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

31. Enables error-disable detection
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]

32. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
SC or MT-RJ
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

33. Enables error-disable when an interface has been looped back
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
In TCAM Value entries

34. What are the supported duplex mode settings for Gigabit Ethernet on Cisco switches?
On
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
10 km
Full duplex only

35. Selects multiple switch port interfaces at the same time and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end

36. What are the reasons for packets being punted by CEF?
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld

37. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
Dynamic
The adjacency table
The Drop adjacency
Only temporarily for debugging purposes

38. What denotes the number of times the CEF table has been flushed and regenerated as a whole?
The CEF epoch number
In TCAM Value entries
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

39. How are the TCAM Mask/Value pairs evaluated?
IEEE 802.3ae
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
Half duplex
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup

40. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Content-Addressable Memory

41. What is WAN PHY used for?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
The CEF entry version number
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

42. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as dynamic?
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
On
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)

43. Configures a switch port with a static access VLAN assignment
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

44. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap

45. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Static access or dynamic
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps

46. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger port security configured on a port
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4

47. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the PHY type?
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY

48. What combinations are TCAM entries composed of?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)

49. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

50. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Static access