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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Displays a list with status of all interfaces
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
Switch#show interfaces status
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

2. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger unicast flood blocking on a port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection

3. What is the default duplex mode of a Fast Ethernet interface?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Half duplex
The Drop adjacency

4. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Full duplex only
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation

5. What are the common cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
IEEE 802.3ae

6. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
LOU registers
The Punt adjacency

7. What is CSMA/CD?
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection

8. What are runts?
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Trunk or dynamic
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

9. What is the timer range for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

10. What is WAN PHY used for?
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

11. What are the supported duplex mode settings for Gigabit Ethernet on Cisco switches?
40 km
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Full duplex only

12. What is 100BASE-T4?
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation

13. What is 1000BASE-SX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
The Discard adjacency
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

14. What are the 100BASE-FX connectors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
SC or MT-RJ
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}

15. Enables error-disable for when the port link state is flapping between the up and down states
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

16. What mechanism does the TCAM provide for Layer 4 comparisons involving gt - lt - neq or range operators?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
LOU registers

17. How is the TCAM organised?
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

18. What are the reasons for packets being dropped by CEF?
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error

19. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}

20. Enables error-disable for rate-limiting of DHCP snooping
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Route caching and topology based
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

21. What information is stored in CAM?
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

22. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre?
Creating the VLAN
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

23. What are the 10GBASE-X PMD transceiver form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

24. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
FIB with adjacency table
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum

25. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}

26. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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27. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-SX?
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

28. What two IOS software components are involved in TCAM operation?
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)

29. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

30. What RJ-45 pins have been swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Fast Ethernet?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Distributed CEF (dCEF)

31. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
10GbE operates only at full duplex
The Discard adjacency
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}

32. What are the administrative modes of Layer 2 switched interfaces?
Full duplex only
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

33. What is LAN PHY used for?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

34. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as static access?
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Off
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
CEF punt

35. What happens to subsequent packets destined for FIB entries in CEF glean state?
Static access
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

36. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
15 metres
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

37. What are the default error-disable detection causes?
15 metres
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX

38. Enables error-disable for errors with Layer 2 Protocol Tunnelling
Creating the VLAN
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
300 seconds

39. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

40. What is IEEE?
IEEE 802.3u
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
FIB with adjacency table

41. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Trunk or dynamic
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet

42. What is 100BASE-T2?
LOU registers
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
On

43. What is TCAM?
The Layer 3 engine
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

44. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
IEEE 802.3u
Switch#show interfaces status

45. What is 1000BASE-T?
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

46. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
IEEE 802.3
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself

47. Displays CEF Drop statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch#show cef drop
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]

48. What is a ternary combination?

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49. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Static access
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap

50. Displays the contents of the CAM table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
The Drop adjacency
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled