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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
On
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet

2. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
In TCAM Value entries
Half duplex
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium

3. What is MLS?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
LOU registers
Multilayer Switching
Content-Addressable Memory

4. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
Static access or trunk
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)

5. Enables error-disable when an interface has been looped back
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

6. Displays a list with status of all interfaces
25 metres
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Switch#show interfaces status

7. What is the name of physical network segment where data packets can collide with one another when being sent?
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
The adjacency table
Collision domain
Forwarding Information Base

8. What is 100BASE-FX?
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Logical Operation Unit
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld

9. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
LOU registers
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
100 metres
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

10. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-SR/SW?
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Logical Operation Unit
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

11. Displays dynamic CAM table entries
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors

12. What is the name of the CEF engine that maintains routing information in software?
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
The Layer 3 engine
15 metres
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

13. When do collisions occur?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

14. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
On
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
The Layer 3 forwarding engine

15. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF

16. What is 1000BASE-T?
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

17. What connectors can be used with SFP modules?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

18. Enables error-disable for errors with dynamic ARP inspection
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
The CEF entry version number
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4

19. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
The Discard adjacency
Routing table and ARP table

20. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
SC or MT-RJ
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

21. Disables CEF operation globally
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Trunk
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
300 seconds

22. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
In TCAM Value entries
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Routing table and ARP table

23. What denotes the number of times a CEF entry has been updated since the CEF table was created?
The CEF entry version number
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

24. What portion of the FIB contains the Layer 3 next-hop addresses for each entry together with the corresponding Layer 2 information?
The adjacency table
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

25. What is full duplex operation?
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

26. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

27. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Tunnel
The Layer 3 forwarding engine

28. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
CEF glean
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)

29. How are ternary combinations implemented?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex

30. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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31. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific subnet
Electromagnetic Interference
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end

32. What RJ-45 pins have been swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Fast Ethernet?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

33. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

34. Disables CEF operation on an interface
Switch#show errdisable detect
300 seconds
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef

35. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
Native routed interface
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap

36. What is the standard for 1000BASE-T?
Switch#show errdisable recovery
IEEE 802.3ab
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

37. What RJ-45 pins must be swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Gigabit Ethernet?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Static access or dynamic

38. What is the name of a Layer 3 physical interface on a switch?
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Static access or dynamic
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Native routed interface

39. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

40. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
Switch#show interfaces status
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Half duplex

41. What is EMI?
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Electromagnetic Interference
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table

42. What is 10GBASE-CX4?
Store-and-forward
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Switch#show cef drop
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

43. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
300 seconds
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

44. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
Route caching and topology based
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

45. What is 10GBASE-X?
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

46. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

47. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+

48. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
On
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

49. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}

50. What is CEF?
Multilayer Switching
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Cisco Express Forwarding
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]