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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is error-disable state?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
10GbE operates only at full duplex
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
300 seconds

2. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
IEEE 802.3u
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

3. Sets the administrative mode of a switch port to access
Static access or trunk
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

4. Sets the speed of a Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet interface
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

5. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
10 km

6. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
The Drop adjacency
Multilayer Switching
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
40 km

7. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
The Layer 3 engine
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap

8. What is 10GBASE-CX4?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors

9. What is an interface-range macro?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Store-and-forward

10. What function is performed by the Feature Manager (FM)?
The CEF epoch number
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Tunnel

11. What happens to subsequent packets destined for FIB entries in CEF glean state?
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

12. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
IEEE 802.3ae

13. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
SC or MT-RJ
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Routing table and ARP table

14. What is a ternary combination?

15. What denotes the number of times the CEF table has been flushed and regenerated as a whole?
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
CEF glean
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
The CEF epoch number

16. What is the operational mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Route caching and topology based
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Static access

17. How does topology based switching work?
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport

18. What is a SVI?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Full duplex only

19. What is the standard for Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)?
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
IEEE 802.3u
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

20. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Trunk

21. What information is stored in TCAM?
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Security and QoS ACLs
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

22. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific subnet
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood

23. Displays static CAM table entries
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

24. What is 100BASE-T4?
SVI
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

25. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
IEEE 802.3z

26. Enables error-disable when a link is seen to be unidirectional
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}

27. When should CEF be disabled?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Content-Addressable Memory
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Only temporarily for debugging purposes

28. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Tunnel
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
FIB with adjacency table

29. Enables error-disable for errors with Layer 2 Protocol Tunnelling
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback

30. What is 10GBASE-X?
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet

31. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

32. Adds a static entry to the MAC address table
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces

33. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
15 metres
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces

34. What RJ-45 pins have been swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Fast Ethernet?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
The Layer 3 engine
Collision domain
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

35. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
The Drop adjacency
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

36. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant

37. What is LOU?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Logical Operation Unit

38. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}

39. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-SR/SW?
100 metres
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

40. Enables error-disable for rate-limiting of DHCP snooping
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
IEEE 802.3ae

41. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Half duplex
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

42. What is WAN PHY used for?
300 seconds
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

43. What are the reasons for packets being punted by CEF?
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

44. What connectors can be used with SFP modules?
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory

45. Displays CEF adjacency table information
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Routing table and ARP table
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Collision domain

46. What is the standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE)?
IEEE 802.3ae
Static access or dynamic
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

47. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger unicast flood blocking on a port
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Collision domain
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood

48. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Trunk
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
Tunnel

49. What is the default timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
300 seconds
Full duplex

50. What is full duplex operation?
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
The Layer 3 engine
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel