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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Enables error-disable for errors related to 802.1x security
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
The adjacency table

2. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
300 seconds
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
The Drop adjacency

3. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]

4. What is the default duplex mode of a Gigabit Ethernet interface?
Static access
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Store-and-forward
Full duplex

5. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
The Null adjacency
Trunk or dynamic
Dynamic
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

6. When are mode-conditioning patch leads required with 1000BASE-LX/LH transceivers?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
15 metres
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

7. Changes an interface to a layer 3 interface and erases all layer 2 interface configurations
40 km
Trunk or dynamic
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

8. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
Static access or trunk
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch(config-if)#description {string}

9. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
Half duplex
Off
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)

10. What information is stored in TCAM?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Security and QoS ACLs
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed

11. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Dynamic
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

12. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch#show cef drop
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing

13. What is 10BASE-T?
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
IEEE 802.3u
IEEE 802.3ae
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling

14. What is the original standard for Ethernet (10 Mbps)?
CEF glean
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
IEEE 802.3

15. What CEF adjacency is used when packets must be sent to the Layer 3 engine for further processing?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
The Punt adjacency

16. What CEF optimisation replicates the entire FIB table among switch line cards?
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch#show ip cef
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}

17. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

18. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the PHY type?
Switch(config)#no ip cef
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)

19. What is the name of the CEF engine that maintains routing information in software?
Off
The Layer 3 engine
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
The Drop adjacency

20. What denotes the number of times the CEF table has been flushed and regenerated as a whole?
SVI or native routed interface
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
The CEF epoch number
Security and QoS ACLs

21. Displays switch port information for a specified interface
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Switch#show ip cef

22. Displays CEF Drop statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Switch#show cef drop
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

23. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Tunnel

24. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
Switch#show cef drop
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Static access or trunk
Tunnel

25. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
SC or MT-RJ
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance

26. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Switch#show errdisable detect
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions

27. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
40 km
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium

28. What combinations are TCAM entries composed of?
Tunnel
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]

29. What is a GigaStack GBIC?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions

30. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
IEEE 802.3z
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex

31. What is 1000BASE-SX?
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

32. What is CSMA/CD?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

33. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
CEF punt
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}

34. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
IEEE 802.3z

35. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Static access
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
15 metres

36. What are the supported duplex mode settings for Gigabit Ethernet on Cisco switches?
Full duplex only
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Off

37. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use

38. What are the common PMD types for 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
10 km
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

39. What is Fast EtherChannel (FEC)?
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Native routed interface
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link

40. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 engine?
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Half duplex
Routing table and ARP table
IEEE 802.3u

41. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit

42. What is TCAM?
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Collision domain
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

43. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Trunk
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing

44. Configures the maximum ageing time for entries in the MAC address table
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

45. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

46. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
15 metres

47. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

48. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

49. Displays administrative and operational status for a specified interface
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Route caching and topology based
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex

50. What is Cisco's old recommendation regarding switch port speed and duplex mode?
10 km
Route caching and topology based
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link