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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
15 metres
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
The Null adjacency
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport

2. Displays static CAM table entries
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
100 metres
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

3. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
Dynamic
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel

4. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Logical Operation Unit
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
15 metres

5. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
Static access or trunk
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

6. What is the standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE)?
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
IEEE 802.3ae
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+

7. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

8. Configures the maximum ageing time for entries in the MAC address table
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Half duplex
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

9. Displays a list with status of all interfaces
CEF glean
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Switch#show interfaces status
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use

10. What is a SVI?
The Drop adjacency
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
SC or MT-RJ
Switched virtual interface (SVI)

11. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions

12. What are the 1000BASE-X transceiver module form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
On

13. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as dynamic?
On
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
In TCAM Value entries

14. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

15. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
Switch#show ip cef
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4

16. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an ICMP access list?
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch#show interfaces status
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)

17. What information is stored in TCAM?
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Security and QoS ACLs

18. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel

19. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
Creating the VLAN
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long

20. Displays error-disabled detection status
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch#show errdisable detect

21. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)

22. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
The Drop adjacency
Trunk
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX

23. What changes are made to packets by the CEF packet rewrite engine just before forwarding?
CEF glean
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

24. What happens when autonegotiating of link duplex mode fails on a Fast Ethernet link?
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex

25. What is 1000BASE-X?
CEF punt
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

26. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY

27. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
The CEF epoch number
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Multilayer Switching

28. What is the role of a Route Processor (RP) in first generation MLS?
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Switch#show cef drop
Switch#show errdisable detect

29. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Static access or trunk
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

30. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap

31. What is 1000BASE-T?
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Native routed interface
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

32. Displays switch port information for a specified interface
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

33. What is 100BASE-T2?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
The CEF epoch number

34. What are the administrative modes of Layer 2 switched interfaces?
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Security and QoS ACLs
SVI or native routed interface

35. What are the 10GBASE-X PMD transceiver form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

36. What mechanism does the TCAM provide for Layer 4 comparisons involving gt - lt - neq or range operators?
LOU registers
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Content-Addressable Memory

37. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched

38. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
300 seconds
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Collision domain

39. What CEF optimisation replicates the entire FIB table among switch line cards?
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Content-Addressable Memory
Static access
Distributed CEF (dCEF)

40. What is Cisco's old recommendation regarding switch port speed and duplex mode?
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

41. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
IEEE 802.3z
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

42. What is the content of TCAM Result entries?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
The Null adjacency

43. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
300 seconds

44. Displays administrative and operational status for a specified interface
Static access or dynamic
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
10 km
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

45. What is half duplex operation?

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46. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Dynamic
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding

47. What denotes the number of times a CEF entry has been updated since the CEF table was created?
American National Standards Institute
The CEF entry version number
40 km
Tunnel

48. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
The Discard adjacency
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
CEF glean

49. What are runts?
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Security and QoS ACLs

50. What CEF adjacency is used when packets must be sent to the Layer 3 engine for further processing?
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
The Punt adjacency