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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What is a SVI?
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Half duplex
IEEE 802.3ae
Electromagnetic Interference

2. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

3. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
Full duplex
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

4. Displays administrative and operational status for a specified interface
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
In TCAM Value entries

5. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Tunnel
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used

6. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
SVI or native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
IEEE 802.3ae

7. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

8. What is ANSI?
Cisco Express Forwarding
American National Standards Institute
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
25 metres

9. When are mode-conditioning patch leads required with 1000BASE-LX/LH transceivers?
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)

10. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific subnet
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
SVI
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Tunnel

11. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 forwarding engine?
FIB with adjacency table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter

12. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
SVI
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)

13. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
300 seconds
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

14. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Forwarding Information Base
300 seconds

15. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
SVI
IEEE 802.3ab

16. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Forwarding Information Base
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
CEF glean

17. What is 100BASE-TX?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
15 metres

18. What is a ternary combination?

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19. What is 1000BASE-T?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF

20. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
CEF punt
Creating the VLAN
Switch#show errdisable recovery

21. What CEF adjacency is used when packets must be sent to the Layer 3 engine for further processing?
The Punt adjacency
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Logical Operation Unit

22. Displays static CAM table entries
Security and QoS ACLs
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)

23. Enables error-disable detection
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Routing table and ARP table

24. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
The CEF epoch number
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection

25. What two IOS software components are involved in TCAM operation?
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch#show errdisable detect
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

26. What is the role of a Route Processor (RP) in first generation MLS?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
10GbE operates only at full duplex

27. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding

28. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
IEEE 802.3u
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection

29. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
In TCAM Value entries
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Switch#show errdisable recovery

30. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

31. What is the default duplex mode of a Gigabit Ethernet interface?
The Discard adjacency
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Full duplex

32. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
The Punt adjacency
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

33. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Half duplex
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Cisco Express Forwarding

34. What CEF optimisation replicates the entire FIB table among switch line cards?
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Distributed CEF (dCEF)

35. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Native routed interface
Trunk
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic

36. What are the reasons for packets being punted by CEF?
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

37. What is WWDM?
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Full duplex only
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

38. What is the operational mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Static access

39. What denotes the number of times the CEF table has been flushed and regenerated as a whole?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
The CEF epoch number
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)

40. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
The Punt adjacency
IEEE 802.3z

41. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
The CEF entry version number
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
IEEE 802.3u

42. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an Ethernet access list?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

43. Enables error-disable for errors with Layer 2 Protocol Tunnelling
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)

44. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
In TCAM Value entries
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Cisco Express Forwarding

45. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback

46. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
15 metres
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Tunnel
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

47. Disables CEF operation globally
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Forwarding Information Base
25 metres

48. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
The Punt adjacency

49. What is the name of the switching technology where good frames are received - stored for inspection and then forwarded?
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
Store-and-forward
Off

50. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over singlemode fibre?
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
10 km
Cisco Express Forwarding
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

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