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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is unknown unicast flooding?
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
The adjacency table
Static access or dynamic

2. What is 10GBASE-ER/EW?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Forwarding Information Base
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

3. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Tunnel
SC or MT-RJ
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

4. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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5. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
10 km
Off
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)

6. Displays static CAM table entries
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]

7. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

8. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Static access or trunk
Trunk

9. What are the common PMD types for 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Static access
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

10. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
300 seconds

11. Enables error-disable for when the port link state is flapping between the up and down states
Tunnel
Half duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

12. What is the standard for 1000BASE-T?
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
Half duplex
IEEE 802.3ab
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

13. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
The CEF entry version number
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

14. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IGMP access list?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Trunk or dynamic

15. What RJ-45 pins have been swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Fast Ethernet?
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Content-Addressable Memory
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

16. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
Full duplex
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory

17. What is the content of TCAM Result entries?
IEEE 802.3ae
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
LOU registers

18. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
SVI or native routed interface
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
10 km
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}

19. When should CEF be disabled?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Only temporarily for debugging purposes

20. Sets the administrative mode of a switch port to access
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
On
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

21. Disables CEF operation globally
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
IEEE 802.3z
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Switch(config)#no ip cef

22. What are the default error-disable detection causes?
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
LOU registers
The CEF epoch number
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received

23. Displays administrative and operational status for a specified interface
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

24. Enables error-disable when a link is seen to be unidirectional
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
300 seconds
The Layer 3 engine
The CEF entry version number

25. Displays error-disabled recovery timer information
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch#show errdisable recovery

26. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 forwarding engine?
FIB with adjacency table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
The Punt adjacency
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap

27. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
IEEE 802.3z
Half duplex

28. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45

29. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
SC or MT-RJ

30. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
American National Standards Institute
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
IEEE 802.3ae

31. What happens to subsequent packets destined for FIB entries in CEF glean state?
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Tunnel
10 km
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

32. What are the classes of Physical Media Dependent (PMD) interfaces defined by IEEE 802.3ae?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Half duplex

33. What is MLS?
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Multilayer Switching
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45

34. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
Static access or trunk
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}

35. What is 10GBASE-CX4?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Full duplex only
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter

36. What mechanism does the TCAM provide for Layer 4 comparisons involving gt - lt - neq or range operators?
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Dynamic
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
LOU registers

37. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Forwarding Information Base
On
Trunk or dynamic
Content-Addressable Memory

38. Adds a static entry to the MAC address table
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}

39. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
100 metres
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

40. What is IEEE?
40 km
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

41. What is a SVI?
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding

42. What is the default duplex mode of a Fast Ethernet interface?
Half duplex
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Static access or trunk

43. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Tunnel
Switch#show ip cef
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

44. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

45. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
In TCAM Value entries
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error

46. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Half duplex
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

47. What is 10BASE-T?
Static access or dynamic
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
SVI

48. What are runts?
Logical Operation Unit
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received

49. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Creating the VLAN
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}

50. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
The CEF entry version number
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers