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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is WWDM?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
The Punt adjacency

2. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Full duplex only
10 km
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

3. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig

4. What is LAN PHY used for?
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

5. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
300 seconds
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Route caching and topology based

6. What is WAN PHY used for?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
The adjacency table
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

7. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)

8. Disables CEF operation on an interface
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding

9. Displays CEF adjacency table information
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit

10. Changes an interface to a layer 3 interface and erases all layer 2 interface configurations
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF

11. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Off

12. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 engine?
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Switch#show ip cef
Routing table and ARP table

13. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Static access or trunk
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

14. Removes entries from the CAM table
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

15. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Switch#show interfaces status
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)

16. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
10 km
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

17. What are the common PMD types for 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

18. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding

19. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as dynamic?
On
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
The adjacency table
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

20. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Route caching and topology based
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

21. What is ANSI?
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
American National Standards Institute

22. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
On
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
IEEE 802.3z
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

23. How is the TCAM organised?
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

24. Displays the contents of the CAM table
Tunnel
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection

25. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)

26. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Creating the VLAN

27. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap

28. What are runts?
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Switch(config)#no ip cef
25 metres
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet

29. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IGMP access list?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

30. What type of packets can not be forwarded by CEF but are instead sent to the switch CPU for process switching in software?
On
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Electromagnetic Interference

31. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
IEEE 802.3ae
Native routed interface
10 km

32. Where is source and destination addresses and other relevant protocol information for access lists stored in the TCAM table?
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Half duplex
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
In TCAM Value entries

33. What is MLS?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Multilayer Switching

34. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

35. What are the names of the two basic generations of MLS?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Route caching and topology based
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

36. What is CSMA/CD?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Switch#show errdisable detect

37. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an Ethernet access list?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
The adjacency table
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)

38. Adds a static entry to the MAC address table
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Cisco Express Forwarding
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

39. Enables error-disable for when the port link state is flapping between the up and down states
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

40. What combinations are TCAM entries composed of?
IEEE 802.3ae
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)

41. What is 1000BASE-T?
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
On

42. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
10 km
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Half duplex
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

43. What is a SVI?
25 metres
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)

44. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Route caching and topology based
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

45. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

46. Disables a switch port
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
The CEF epoch number
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld

47. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the PHY type?
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
40 km
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

48. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
CEF punt
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
In TCAM Value entries

49. What is a GigaStack GBIC?
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Full duplex

50. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-SR/SW?
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld

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Ethernet Technologies

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