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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
CEF punt
The Drop adjacency

2. What is LOU?
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Creating the VLAN
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Logical Operation Unit

3. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
The CEF epoch number

4. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
100 metres
Forwarding Information Base

5. Sets the administrative mode of a switch port to access
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
25 metres

6. What is Fast EtherChannel (FEC)?
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
The Null adjacency
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Route caching and topology based

7. Selects a switch port interface and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

8. What is the content of TCAM Result entries?
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
15 metres
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
25 metres

9. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
SVI
Switch#show interfaces status

10. What is FIB?
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
In TCAM Value entries
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Forwarding Information Base

11. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger port security configured on a port
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

12. What are the default error-disable detection causes?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

13. What are the symptoms of a duplex setting mismatch between two ends of a link?
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
IEEE 802.3z
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

14. What is 10GBASE-LR/LW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory

15. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Route caching and topology based
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

16. Resets the configuration of a switch port to its default values
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)

17. What is the standard for 1000BASE-T?
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
SVI
Cisco Express Forwarding
IEEE 802.3ab

18. What CEF adjacency is used when packets must be sent to the Layer 3 engine for further processing?
The Punt adjacency
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

19. Creates an interface-range macro
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)

20. Enables error-disable for Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) received on ports configured for STP PortFast
100 metres
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX

21. What is WAN PHY used for?
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Switch#show errdisable detect
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

22. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Trunk or dynamic
IEEE 802.3z

23. What is 100BASE-TX?
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
10 km
On
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

24. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

25. What is 1000BASE-X?
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
SC or MT-RJ
The Drop adjacency
Switch#show cef drop

26. What are the common PMD types for 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

27. What function is performed by the Feature Manager (FM)?
On
LOU registers
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table

28. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
IEEE 802.3ab
300 seconds
CEF punt

29. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
SVI
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used

30. What portion of the FIB contains the Layer 3 next-hop addresses for each entry together with the corresponding Layer 2 information?
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
The adjacency table
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)

31. What is the standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE)?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
IEEE 802.3ae
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

32. What are runts?
IEEE 802.3u
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Switch(config-if)#description {string}

33. What is the name of physical network segment where data packets can collide with one another when being sent?
Static access or trunk
Collision domain
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

34. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Full duplex only
10GbE operates only at full duplex

35. What is 100BASE-T4?
Forwarding Information Base
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet

36. Displays interface configuration information
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
25 metres

37. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
15 metres
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
SVI or native routed interface

38. What packets are immediately sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?

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39. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

40. What is 1000BASE-T?
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

41. Enables error-disable for when the port link state is flapping between the up and down states
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Store-and-forward
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}

42. What is 10BASE-T?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Switch#show ip cef
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex

43. Where is source and destination addresses and other relevant protocol information for access lists stored in the TCAM table?
In TCAM Value entries
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

44. Enables error-disable when a link is seen to be unidirectional
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
The CEF epoch number
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

45. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an Ethernet access list?
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup

46. What are the names of CEF optimisation techniques using specialised forwarding hardware?
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)

47. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Switch#show ip cef
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation

48. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
Security and QoS ACLs
Switch#show errdisable recovery
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

49. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
Half duplex
Full duplex
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long

50. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}