Ethernet Technologies

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
15 metres
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig


2. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
300 seconds
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Logical Operation Unit


3. Displays static CAM table entries
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Trunk or dynamic
American National Standards Institute
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]


4. What is 10GBASE-X?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)


5. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport


6. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Trunk or dynamic
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets


7. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Creating the VLAN
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
The CEF entry version number


8. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX


9. What is 100BASE-T2?
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
SVI
300 seconds


10. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
CEF glean
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate


11. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
40 km
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}


12. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
In TCAM Value entries


13. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 forwarding engine?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
FIB with adjacency table
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard


14. Selects a switch port interface and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table


15. What type of packets can not be forwarded by CEF but are instead sent to the switch CPU for process switching in software?
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors


16. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding


17. What are the reasons for packets being dropped by CEF?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation


18. Enables error-disable for errors with dynamic ARP inspection
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition


19. What is the original standard for Ethernet (10 Mbps)?
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
IEEE 802.3
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end


20. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
Switch#show interfaces status
LOU registers
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch#show errdisable detect


21. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Native routed interface
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps


22. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an extended IP access list using TCP/UDP?
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
The Layer 3 forwarding engine


23. What is full duplex operation?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
On


24. Disables CEF operation on an interface
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY


25. What function is performed by the Switching Database Manager (SDM)?
Routing table and ARP table
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
SVI


26. What is the default timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
IEEE 802.3
300 seconds
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit


27. What is the name of a Layer 3 physical interface on a switch?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
IEEE 802.3u
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
Native routed interface


28. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received


29. What is TCAM?
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup


30. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
CEF punt
Half duplex
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
On


31. What is the name of physical network segment where data packets can collide with one another when being sent?
Collision domain
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Store-and-forward


32. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)


33. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries transparent Layer 2 VPNs?
Tunnel
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
The Layer 3 engine
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP


34. What is LAN PHY used for?
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}


35. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Static access or trunk
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet


36. What is the operational mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Static access
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)


37. What are the classes of Physical Media Dependent (PMD) interfaces defined by IEEE 802.3ae?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Half duplex
LAN PHY and WAN PHY


38. Displays switch port information for a specified interface
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Switch#show ip cef
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Tunnel


39. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
IEEE 802.3z
Multilayer Switching
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)


40. What is 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries


41. What is the content of TCAM Result entries?
The Layer 3 engine
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory


42. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
IEEE 802.3ae
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Logical Operation Unit
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)


43. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
On


44. What mechanism does the TCAM provide for Layer 4 comparisons involving gt - lt - neq or range operators?
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
LOU registers
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}


45. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
300 seconds
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure


46. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
SVI or native routed interface
Electromagnetic Interference
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions


47. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
10GbE operates only at full duplex
SC or MT-RJ
IEEE 802.3u


48. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex


49. How are ternary combinations implemented?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP


50. What are the supported duplex mode settings for Gigabit Ethernet on Cisco switches?
Full duplex only
40 km
The Layer 3 engine
FIB with adjacency table