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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Dynamic
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}

2. What is the standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)?
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
IEEE 802.3z
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

3. What denotes the number of times a CEF entry has been updated since the CEF table was created?
The CEF entry version number
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
SVI or native routed interface

4. What is the name of a Layer 3 physical interface on a switch?
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Native routed interface
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant

5. How is link speed determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Creating the VLAN
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

6. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific subnet
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Static access or trunk

7. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IGMP access list?
Route caching and topology based
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
LOU registers
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)

8. Displays the contents of the CAM table
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

9. How does topology based switching work?
CEF punt
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

10. Adds a static entry to the MAC address table
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection

11. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Off
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
The Discard adjacency

12. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig

13. What mechanism does the TCAM provide for Layer 4 comparisons involving gt - lt - neq or range operators?
Native routed interface
The Null adjacency
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
LOU registers

14. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
Switch#show ip cef
10 km
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
The CEF entry version number

15. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger unicast flood blocking on a port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Tunnel
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

16. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Creating the VLAN

17. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition

18. How is the TCAM organised?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it

19. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Trunk or dynamic

20. What CEF optimisation replicates the entire FIB table among switch line cards?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Routing table and ARP table

21. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Switch#show ip cef
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

22. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IPX access list?
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

23. What are the supported duplex mode settings for Gigabit Ethernet on Cisco switches?
Full duplex only
LOU registers
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Switch(config-if)#description {string}

24. What are the 1000BASE-X transceiver module form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)

25. What is Cisco's old recommendation regarding switch port speed and duplex mode?
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself

26. What are the reasons for packets being punted by CEF?
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
15 metres
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

27. What technology was merged into the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard to create Gigabit Ethernet?
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45

28. How are ternary combinations implemented?
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

29. What denotes the number of times the CEF table has been flushed and regenerated as a whole?
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
The CEF epoch number
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

30. What is LAN PHY used for?
Content-Addressable Memory
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Full duplex

31. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
American National Standards Institute
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

32. What is an interface-range macro?
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
15 metres
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

33. What is 10GBASE-CX4?
10 km
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

34. What is 1000BASE-T?
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Static access or trunk

35. What is CSMA/CD?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
SVI
300 seconds

36. What is half duplex operation?

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37. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

38. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)

39. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
300 seconds
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

40. What is WAN PHY used for?
Trunk or dynamic
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

41. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef

42. What is 1000BASE-ZX?
SVI
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

43. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Static access or trunk
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

44. What is MLS?
Off
Multilayer Switching
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

45. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
10 km
Multilayer Switching
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

46. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
IEEE 802.3z
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
The Punt adjacency

47. What is 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

48. What is the default timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
300 seconds
Switch#show cef drop
Multilayer Switching

49. What is 10GBASE-LR/LW?
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Trunk

50. What are the common cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet?
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
CEF glean