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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

2. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)

3. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

4. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
Logical Operation Unit
Static access or trunk
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T

5. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
SVI
Dynamic
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+

6. What is Cisco's old recommendation regarding switch port speed and duplex mode?
Tunnel
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Static access or trunk
Switch(config)#no ip cef

7. What is the default timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
300 seconds
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Switch#show cef drop
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

8. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets destined for the null interface?
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
The Null adjacency
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Tunnel

9. How are ports that are in error-disable state re-enabled by default?
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

10. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
10 km
CEF punt
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport

11. Enables error-disable when the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) is flapping
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

12. What are the classes of Physical Media Dependent (PMD) interfaces defined by IEEE 802.3ae?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Switch#show errdisable detect
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

13. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
IEEE 802.3

14. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
On

15. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control
Switched virtual interface (SVI)

16. Enables error-disable for Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) received on ports configured for STP PortFast
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
The Discard adjacency
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard

17. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Static access or dynamic
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled

18. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
300 seconds
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding

19. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
10GbE operates only at full duplex
40 km
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

20. What function is performed by the Switching Database Manager (SDM)?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Tunnel
CEF glean

21. Enables error-disable detection
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
The CEF entry version number
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}

22. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
40 km
Security and QoS ACLs
The Null adjacency

23. What packets are immediately sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?

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24. What changes are made to packets by the CEF packet rewrite engine just before forwarding?
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Switch#show interfaces status
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

25. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
100 metres
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

26. What is the role of a Route Processor (RP) in first generation MLS?
Half duplex
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Routing table and ARP table
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

27. What two IOS software components are involved in TCAM operation?
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions

28. What is TCAM overflow?
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
American National Standards Institute
SVI

29. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
100 metres
CEF glean
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

30. How are the TCAM Mask/Value pairs evaluated?
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit

31. Disables a switch port
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

32. What are the Gigabit Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Native routed interface
Route caching and topology based
Full duplex

33. What are the names of the two basic generations of MLS?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Route caching and topology based
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
IEEE 802.3ae

34. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
The Punt adjacency
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Electromagnetic Interference
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

35. What portion of the FIB contains the Layer 3 next-hop addresses for each entry together with the corresponding Layer 2 information?
FIB with adjacency table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
The adjacency table
10 km

36. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
In TCAM Value entries

37. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
The Drop adjacency
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}

38. What is the timer range for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
Tunnel
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}

39. What information is stored in TCAM?
Switch#show interfaces status
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Security and QoS ACLs
25 metres

40. What are the common cabling specifications for Fast Ethernet?
Electromagnetic Interference
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

41. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 forwarding engine?
FIB with adjacency table
IEEE 802.3z
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard

42. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}

43. Displays error-disabled recovery timer information
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Static access
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

44. What is IEEE?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Collision domain
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

45. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an ICMP access list?
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)

46. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
SVI or native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap

47. What is the state of packets that are sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine because of missing Layer 2 next-hop addresses?
Trunk or dynamic
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
CEF glean
300 seconds

48. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Tunnel
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure

49. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF

50. When do collisions occur?
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
FIB with adjacency table
Switch#show errdisable detect
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)