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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are runts?
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
CEF glean
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)

2. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
CEF punt
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched

3. What is CEF?
Multilayer Switching
Cisco Express Forwarding
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use

4. What two IOS software components are involved in TCAM operation?
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

5. Disables a switch port
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Switch(config-if)#shutdown

6. What is 100BASE-FX?
The Punt adjacency
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing

7. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

8. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

9. What are the common PMD types for 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

10. What is LOU?
IEEE 802.3z
Logical Operation Unit
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

11. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
CEF punt
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet

12. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
10 km
Native routed interface

13. What are the common cabling specifications for Fast Ethernet?
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding

14. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
Static access
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance

15. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as dynamic?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Route caching and topology based
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
On

16. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
Forwarding Information Base
100 metres
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
40 km

17. Enables error-disable for errors related to 802.1x security
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

18. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
Switch#show errdisable detect
Off
40 km
10GbE operates only at full duplex

19. What is CAM?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
IEEE 802.3u
Content-Addressable Memory
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

20. What is half duplex operation?

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21. What is WAN PHY used for?
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

22. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
40 km

23. What is FIB?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
SC or MT-RJ
Forwarding Information Base

24. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Full duplex
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback

25. What is ANSI?
American National Standards Institute
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
IEEE 802.3

26. Resets the configuration of a switch port to its default values
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
40 km
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

27. Displays CEF adjacency table information
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)

28. Displays dynamic CAM table entries
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

29. What is LAN PHY used for?
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
The adjacency table

30. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]

31. Enables error-disable for errors with Layer 2 Protocol Tunnelling
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY

32. What are the 10GBASE-X PMD transceiver form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Store-and-forward
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling

33. What is 10BASE-T?
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX

34. What is TCAM overflow?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Forwarding Information Base
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

35. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
The Drop adjacency
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

36. Selects a switch port interface and enters interface configuration mode
Content-Addressable Memory
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

37. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
LOU registers

38. What information is stored in TCAM?
Store-and-forward
The Layer 3 engine
10 km
Security and QoS ACLs

39. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors

40. What are the 1000BASE-X transceiver module form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
Enable error-disable for all possible causes

41. What is the maximum cabling distance for Ethernet - Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet over UTP cabling?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
100 metres
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

42. Changes an interface to a layer 3 interface and erases all layer 2 interface configurations
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

43. What is the default duplex mode of a Gigabit Ethernet interface?
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
IEEE 802.3
Full duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

44. What packets are immediately sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?

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45. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
25 metres
Switch#show cef drop
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used

46. What information is stored in CAM?
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

47. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

48. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-SX?
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Collision domain
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

49. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as static access?
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Off
Switch#show interfaces status
Switch(config-if)#description {string}

50. When are mode-conditioning patch leads required with 1000BASE-LX/LH transceivers?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
15 metres
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error