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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the operational modes of a Layer 2 switched interface?
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel

2. What is 100BASE-T4?
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
Tunnel

3. What is TCAM?
Static access or trunk
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP

4. What happens to subsequent packets destined for FIB entries in CEF glean state?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
Collision domain
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

5. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Half duplex
Collision domain
300 seconds

6. Enables error-disable for misconfiguration of EtherChannel bundles
IEEE 802.3
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

7. What is 1000BASE-SX?
Multilayer Switching
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link

8. What is the role of a Route Processor (RP) in first generation MLS?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

9. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch#show ip cef

10. What is the maximum cabling distance for Ethernet - Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet over UTP cabling?
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
100 metres
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

11. Creates an interface-range macro
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
IEEE 802.3
Trunk or dynamic

12. What is WWDM?
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap

13. What is LAN PHY used for?
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Static access or trunk
The Null adjacency

14. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Logical Operation Unit
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Switch#show interfaces status
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps

15. What is the original standard for Ethernet (10 Mbps)?
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
IEEE 802.3
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

16. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
40 km
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched

17. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over singlemode fibre?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
10 km

18. What are the reasons for packets being dropped by CEF?
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
CEF glean
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error

19. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
On
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

20. What are the names of the two basic generations of MLS?
Route caching and topology based
Dynamic
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
The Layer 3 forwarding engine

21. What technology was merged into the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard to create Gigabit Ethernet?
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

22. What are the 10GBASE-X PMD transceiver form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+

23. What is 100BASE-T2?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

24. What information is stored in TCAM?
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch#show cef drop
Security and QoS ACLs

25. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
Switch#show cef drop
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
15 metres

26. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the transceiver wavelengths?
Switch#show errdisable detect
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition

27. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Switch#show errdisable detect

28. What is ANSI?
IEEE 802.3ae
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
American National Standards Institute

29. What is half duplex operation?

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30. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the PHY type?
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
25 metres

31. What is the name of a Layer 3 physical interface on a switch?
Native routed interface
Switch#show interfaces status
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
40 km

32. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normally?
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
The Drop adjacency
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Switch#show ip cef

33. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)

34. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
300 seconds
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
40 km
The Layer 3 forwarding engine

35. What are the symptoms of a duplex setting mismatch between two ends of a link?
300 seconds
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch(config)#default interface {interface}

36. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Tunnel
Half duplex
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)

37. Removes entries from the CAM table
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP

38. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
SVI or native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid

39. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Tunnel
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

40. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
LOU registers
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

41. What is 100BASE-TX?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard
Routing table and ARP table

42. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
Dynamic
American National Standards Institute
The Null adjacency
LAN PHY and WAN PHY

43. What are the 100BASE-FX connectors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
SC or MT-RJ
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

44. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a multilayer switch?
Switch#show adjacency [{interface}] [summary | detail]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing

45. What is 10GBASE-SR/SW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection

46. What is 10BASE-T?
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
300 seconds

47. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
The Discard adjacency
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
In TCAM Value entries

48. Specifies the timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
Creating the VLAN
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache

49. Enables error-disable for Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) received on ports configured for STP PortFast
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
300 seconds
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
The adjacency table

50. What is the name of the switching technology where good frames are received - stored for inspection and then forwarded?
Store-and-forward
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP