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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre?
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

2. Selects multiple switch port interfaces at the same time and enters interface configuration mode
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
The CEF entry version number
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)

3. How are ports that are in error-disable state re-enabled by default?
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port

4. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
100 metres
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

5. What are the common cabling specifications for Fast Ethernet?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX

6. What is CSMA/CD?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Static access or dynamic
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]

7. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
IEEE 802.3ab
Dynamic
Switch#show ip cef

8. What function is performed by the Feature Manager (FM)?
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)

9. What is 10BASE-T?
The CEF epoch number
300 seconds
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling

10. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
15 metres
300 seconds
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

11. Displays switch port information for a specified interface
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport

12. Where is source and destination addresses and other relevant protocol information for access lists stored in the TCAM table?
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
In TCAM Value entries
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)

13. Creates an interface-range macro
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
The Punt adjacency

14. What is the name of the switching technology where good frames are received - stored for inspection and then forwarded?
The Punt adjacency
Store-and-forward
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Security and QoS ACLs

15. Sets the administrative mode of a switch port to access
Switch#show ip cef
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

16. How does the IEEE 802.3ae standard differ from its predecessors at the physical layer?
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
10GbE operates only at full duplex
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
Interconnecting switches in a campus network

17. Specifies the timer for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery interval {seconds}

18. What are the Gigabit Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
IEEE 802.3ae
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)

19. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets destined for the null interface?
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
The Null adjacency

20. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
Static access - trunk - tunnel or dynamic
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+

21. What are the operational modes of a Layer 2 switched interface?
The Drop adjacency
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Trunk
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel

22. What is CAM?
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Content-Addressable Memory
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance

23. What is ANSI?
American National Standards Institute
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

24. What function is performed by the Switching Database Manager (SDM)?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions

25. Sets the speed of a Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet interface
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX

26. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Logical Operation Unit
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}

27. What is 1000BASE-ZX?
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
The Punt adjacency

28. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup

29. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
SVI or native routed interface
Half duplex
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Tunnel

30. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-LX/LH?
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

31. What is CEF?
Cisco Express Forwarding
Full duplex
In TCAM Value entries
A station must wait its turn to transmit; it can't transmit and receive at the same time

32. Removes entries from the CAM table
Tunnel
Collision domain
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

33. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Switch(config-if)#description {string}
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
Static access or dynamic
Full duplex only

34. What is 100BASE-T4?
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
A three-fold combination of 0 - 1 and X (don't care)
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

35. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-SX?
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used

36. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
300 seconds
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex

37. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex

38. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
300 seconds
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing

39. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
American National Standards Institute
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Store-and-forward

40. Enables error-disable for errors related to 802.1x security
Tunnel
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
IEEE 802.3

41. What is TCAM?
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
Interconnecting switches in a campus network
Creating the VLAN

42. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Cisco Express Forwarding
Distributed CEF (dCEF)

43. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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44. What is unknown unicast flooding?
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets

45. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

46. What changes are made to packets by the CEF packet rewrite engine just before forwarding?
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Trunk or dynamic

47. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
10 km
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch#show cef drop
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

48. What is WWDM?
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Static access
Security and QoS ACLs
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions

49. What is an interface-range macro?
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Switch(config)#no ip cef
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

50. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as dynamic?
The Layer 3 engine
On
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]