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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is 1000BASE-SX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport

2. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific subnet
Switch#show ip cef {network} [{mask}] [longer-prefixes] [detail]
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

3. What is the operational mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Trunk
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

4. What is the role of a Switch Engine (SE) in first generation MLS?
On
Collision domain
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used

5. How are the TCAM Mask/Value pairs evaluated?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard

6. How is link duplex mode determined on Fast Ethernet links configured to autonegotiate?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
The Drop adjacency
25 metres
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

7. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
The Discard adjacency
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
The CEF entry version number

8. What are the reasons for packets being dropped by CEF?
Incomplete adjacency; Incomplete ARP resolution; Unsupported packet features; ICMP redirect; Packets destined to the router itself; IP options present; Access list evaluation failure; Fragmentation failure
Encapsulation failure; Unresolved address; Unsupported protocol; No valid route; No valid adjacency; Checksum error
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use

9. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an extended IP access list using TCP/UDP?
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)

10. Displays error-disabled detection status
Switch#show errdisable detect
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation

11. What is the operational mode of a switch port that is a member of one VLAN?
Static access
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Static access or trunk
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

12. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information

13. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)

14. What connectors can be used with GBIC modules?
Source IP (/32) - Destination IP (/32) - Protocol (/16) - IP ToS (/8) - Source port (/16) - Source operator (/4) - Destination port (/16) - Destination operator (/4)
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Switch(config-if)#description {string}

15. What is CSMA/CD?
The Discard adjacency
CEF glean
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

16. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination

17. What is MLS?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Multilayer Switching
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)

18. What CEF adjacency is used to switch packets destined for the null interface?
The Null adjacency
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet

19. What is the original standard for Ethernet (10 Mbps)?
IEEE 802.3
The CEF epoch number
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)

20. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp
They are dropped (ARP throttling)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex

21. What CEF optimisation technique cache FIB entries in switch line cards?
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)

22. What are runts?
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
LC - MT-RJ or RJ-45
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received

23. Enables error-disable for errors with offering inline power
10GbE operates only at full duplex
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower

24. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Entry not in FIB; FIB table full; IP TTL expired; MTU exceeded; ICMP redirect; Unsupported encapsulation; Tunnelled packets requiring compression or encryption; Access list with 'log' option; NAT must be performed
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap

25. What is WAN PHY used for?
Tunnel
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table

26. Displays dynamic CAM table entries
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)

27. What are the 1000BASE-X transceiver module form factors used in Cisco Catalyst switches?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switched virtual interface (SVI)

28. Sets the duplex mode of an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef

29. Displays the CAM table size with number of MAC addresses
Switch#show mac address-table count [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

30. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use
SC fibre optic or RJ-45 UTP
Switch#show ip cef
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long

31. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
SVI or native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}

32. What is half duplex operation?

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33. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

34. Enables error-disable when an interface has been looped back
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Half duplex
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)

35. What are the operational modes of a Layer 2 switched interface?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance

36. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch#show errdisable recovery
SVI

37. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an Ethernet access list?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Switched virtual interface (SVI)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld

38. What RJ-45 pins must be swapped in a Category 5 UTP crossover cable for Gigabit Ethernet?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

39. Configures a switch port with a static access VLAN assignment
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}
SVI or native routed interface

40. What are the duplex modes of a GigaStack GBIC?
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Only temporarily for debugging purposes

41. Displays a list of all interfaces in an error-disabled state
FIB with adjacency table
Switch#show interfaces status err-disabled
IEEE 802.3ae
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

42. Disables CEF operation on an interface
SVI
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination

43. What CEF optimisation replicates the entire FIB table among switch line cards?
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Switch#show errdisable recovery
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

44. Enables automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

45. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Creating the VLAN

46. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-ER/EW?
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
The Discard adjacency
40 km
100 metres

47. Displays administrative and operational status for a specified interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
CEF glean

48. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
10 km
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet

49. Selects multiple switch port interfaces at the same time and enters interface configuration mode
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8)
Half duplex
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

50. Enables error-disable for errors related to 802.1x security
In TCAM Value entries
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
American National Standards Institute
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)