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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is WAN PHY used for?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

2. What is TCAM overflow?
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause link-flap
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

3. What is Cisco's old recommendation regarding switch port speed and duplex mode?
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
Routing table and ARP table

4. What is 1000BASE-CX?
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling

5. What is the operational mode of a switch port that uses DTP negotiation?
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
Static access or trunk
Multilayer Switching
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it

6. What is CEF?
Cisco Express Forwarding
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Value - Mask - and Result (VMR)
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

7. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
IEEE 802.3ae
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
SVI
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex

8. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
Enable error-disable for all possible causes
Creating the VLAN
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
LOU registers

9. Creates a switched virtual interface (SVI) and enters interface configuration mode
1000BASE-T full duplex followed by 1000BASE-T half duplex
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
IEEE 802.3

10. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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11. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-SX?
Trunk or dynamic
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

12. Disables CEF operation on an interface
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
IEEE 802.3u
S = Short; L = Long; E = Extra-long

13. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-ZX?
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Route caching and topology based
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
IEEE 802.3z

14. What is a GigaStack GBIC?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Switch#show mac address-table static [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

15. Enables error-disable for the presence of invalid GBIC or SFP modules
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
IEEE 802.3z
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link

16. How are packets marked before being sent to the CEF Layer 3 engine for further processing?
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Layer 3 routing information builds and pre-populates a single database of the entire network topology; All table lookups are performed in hardware with the longest matching destination used in forwarding
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
CEF punt

17. When can a switch start to learn source MAC addresses on incoming ports?
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
Off
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state

18. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)
In TCAM Value entries
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
On

19. Enables error-disable when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Multilayer Switching
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

20. What information is stored in CAM?
The table of learned MAC addresses - ports - and VLAN information
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
CEF glean
Switch(config)#errdisable recovery cause {all | {cause-name}}

21. What is the name of the CEF engine that maintains routing information in software?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
The Layer 3 engine
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

22. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

23. How are ternary combinations implemented?
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
IEEE 802.3u

24. Enables error-disable when trunking encapsulation is flapping from one type to another
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Switch(config)#define interface-range {macro-name} {type} {module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type} {module}/{number} ...]
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)

25. What is 10GBASE-LR/LW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
1000BASE-CX - 1000BASE-T - 1000-BASE-SX - 1000-BASE-LX/LH and 1000-BASE-ZX
Store-and-forward
40 km

26. What is the maximum cabling distance for Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre?
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
They are dropped (ARP throttling)

27. Displays interface configuration information
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}

28. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause security-violation
15 metres
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T

29. Adds a static entry to the MAC address table
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
Switch(config)#mac address-table static {mac-address} vlan {vlan} interface {interface}
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF

30. Displays CEF Punt statistics with number of packets and reason for each line card
Half duplex
Switch#show cef not-cef-switched
Manually by administratively disabling and re-enabling the port
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}

31. Enables error-disable when an STP BPDU is received from a root bridge on an unexpected port
Switch(config)#interface {type}{module}/{number}
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
IEEE 802.3u
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause rootguard

32. What function is performed by the Feature Manager (FM)?
Switch(config)#interface vlan {vlan-id}
IEEE 802.3z
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}

33. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an ICMP access list?
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); ICMP code (/8); ICMP type (/4); IP type of service (ToS) (/8)
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Half duplex
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)

34. What is the standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE)?
Multilayer Switching
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
IEEE 802.3ae
Interconnecting with existing Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) networks

35. Enables error-disable for errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through a VMPS
Multilayer Switching
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause vmps

36. Enables error-disable for conditions that trigger unicast flood blocking on a port
SVI or native routed interface
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
ANSI X3T11 FibreChannel
Slow response times - low throughput - runts and other input errors on the switch ports

37. What information is recorded in CAM as frames arrive on a switch port?
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
15 metres
Half duplex
Source MAC address; Port of arrival; VLAN; Time stamp

38. What are the operational modes of a Layer 2 switched interface?
Store-and-forward
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Half duplex
Down - static access - trunk or tunnel

39. What fields are rewritten in hardware before a Layer 3 packet is switched to the to egress queue of a multilayer switch?
Cisco Express Forwarding
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link

40. What is CSMA/CD?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)

41. How do Layer 2 switches provide isolation between hosts?
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Switch#clear mac address-table [dynamic] [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Per port collision domains; Full duplex mode; Dedicated bandwidth; Error detection; Broadcast thresholds; Intelligent filtering and forwarding
Full duplex

42. What is half duplex operation?

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43. What is CAM?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Content-Addressable Memory
Switch(config-if)#no switchport

44. What are the letters used with 10GBASE-X two-letter suffixes to specify the PHY type?
Configure the appropriate values manually on both ends of the link
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY

45. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
300 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF

46. Displays dynamic CAM table entries
SVI
Ternary Content-Addressable Memory
Switch#show mac address-table dynamic [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]
Tunnel

47. What is the maximum cabling distance for Ethernet - Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet over UTP cabling?
On
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}
Mask bits set to 1 for Value bits of interest and 0 for Value bits that don't matter
100 metres

48. What is 10GBASE-LX4/LW4?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Native routed interface
Switch(config)#no ip cef

49. What is FIB?
Accelerated CEF (aCEF)
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
Forwarding Information Base

50. Enables error-disable for errors with dynamic ARP inspection
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause gbic-invalid
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache