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Ethernet Technologies

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Displays entries in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for a specific interface
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
Switch#show ip cef {interface} [detail]
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cabling
Switch(config-if)#speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto}

2. What is the name of the switching technology where good frames are received - stored for inspection and then forwarded?
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
Forwarding Information Base
Store-and-forward
Route caching and topology based

3. When do collisions occur?
Half duplex
R = LAN PHY; W = WAN PHY
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium
Multilayer Switching

4. Disables CEF operation on an interface
Switch(config-if)#no ip route-cache cef
Trunk or dynamic
70 km for 9 micron SMF; 100 km for 8 micron SMF
American National Standards Institute

5. What is the name of a Layer 3 logical interface on a switch that represents an entire VLAN?
10GBASE-SR/SW - 10GBASE-LR/LW - 10GBASE-ER/EW - 10GBASE-LX4/LW4 - 10GBASE-CX4
SVI
Static access
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T

6. What is 10GBASE-X?
Cabling specifications for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
Fast Ethernet over 62.5/125 micron multimode fibre (MMF) or 9 micron singlemode fibre (SMF)
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
IEEE 802.3

7. What are the Fast Ethernet autonegotiation selection priorities?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Switch#show interfaces {interface}
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Destination IP lookup (FIB); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Layer 3 packet rewrite; Egress queueing
7 100BASE-T2 full duplex; 6 100BASE-TX full duplex; 5 100BASE-T2 half duplex; 4 100BASE-T4; 3 100BASE-TX; 2 10BASE-T full duplex; 1 10BASE-T

8. What is 10GBASE-LR/LW?
66-300 metres for 50 micron MMF; 33 metres for 62.5 micron MMF
Full duplex if only one of the two stacking connectors is used; Half duplex over a shared bus if if both connectors are used
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1310 nm serial laser)

9. Disables CEF operation globally
Compiling Access Control Entries (ACE) into the TCAM table
LOU registers
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Switched virtual interface (SVI)

10. What is 100BASE-T2?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause psecure-violation
Off
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP
Fast Ethernet over 4 pairs EIA/TIA Category 3 - 4 - 5 UTP

11. What is the default duplex mode of a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface?
CEF punt
Half duplex
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling
400 metres half duplex and 2000 metres full duplex

12. What is the name of the CEF engine that forwards packets in hardware?
100BASE-TX - 100BASE-T2 - 100BASE-T4 and 100-BASE-FX
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause {all | {cause-name}}
The Layer 3 forwarding engine
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate

13. Configures a switch port with a static access VLAN assignment
With MMF cables shorter than 100 metres (to prevent over-driving the far-end receiver) and with MMF cables longer than 300 metres (to lessen the effect of differential mode delay)
Multilayer Switching
On
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan {vlan}

14. What is EMI?
With a mask value in addition to binary values to decide which keys in a table are relevant
XENPAK - X2 - or SFP+
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Electromagnetic Interference

15. How are MAC addresses shown in the detailed output from the CEF adjacency table?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm serial laser)

16. What is 10GBASE-ER/EW?
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm WWDM laser)
10 Gigabit Ethernet over 9 micron SMF (1550 nm serial laser)
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors

17. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that uses DTP to negotiate its operational mode?
Dynamic
Source IPX network (/32); Destination IPX network (/32); Destination node (/48); IPX packet type (/16)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Switch#show interfaces status

18. What is the DTP negotiation mode of a switch port configured as trunk?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
On
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

19. What changes are made to packets by the CEF packet rewrite engine just before forwarding?
Switch(config)#interface range {type}{module}/{number} [- {number}] [ - {type}{module}/{number} ...]
Fast Ethernet over 2 pairs EIA/TIA Category 5 UTP
Half duplex
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated

20. What are the basic operations that a frame undergoes as it passes through a Layer 2 switch?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Ingress queueing; Destination MAC lookup (CAM); Security ACL lookup (TCAM); QoS ACL lookup (TCAM); Egress queueing
Full duplex only
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF (850 nm laser)

21. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-CX4?
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 50 or 62.5 micron MMF or 9 micron SMF (1300 nm laser)
15 metres
When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has put the switch port in learning or forwarding state
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}

22. What are the names of CEF optimisation techniques using specialised forwarding hardware?
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Accelerated CEF (aCEF) and Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause loopback
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard

23. What are GigaStack GBICs used for?
GBIC-to-GBIC connection between stacking Catalyst switches or between any two Gigabit switch ports over a short distance
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
10 Gigabit Ethernet over copper CX4 with Infiniband connectors
Multilayer Switching

24. Displays switch port information for a specified interface
Through exchange of information - which means that for one end to successfully negotiate duplex mode the other end must also be set to autonegotiate
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard
Switch#show interfaces {interface} switchport
When there are more access list entries and Layer 4 operations than available Mask/Value and LOU entries

25. What type of packets can not be forwarded by CEF but are instead sent to the switch CPU for process switching in software?
ARP requests and replies; IP packets requiring an ICMP response; IP broadcasts to be relayed; Routing protocol updates; CDP packets; Packets needing encryption; Packets triggering NAT; Other non-IP packets
Switch(config)#no ip cef
Only temporarily for debugging purposes
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

26. What is the administrative mode of a switch port that carries traffic for multiple VLANs?
Trunk or dynamic
Route caching and topology based
Listen to the first packet and put its resulting destination in the MLS cache; Route subsequent packets in the same flow based on the MLS cache
Cabling specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling

27. What is WWDM?
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
550 metres for 50 or 62.5 micron MMF; 10 km for 9 micron SMF
The Punt adjacency

28. What is the prerequesite for creating a working SVI?
In TCAM Value entries
By Mask/Value - where each unique mask has eight value patterns associated with it
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause channel-misconfig
Creating the VLAN

29. What is ANSI?
Switch#show running-config interface {interface}
American National Standards Institute
Switch#show errdisable recovery
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end - and 4 -5 on one end with 7 -8 on the other end

30. What CEF adjacency is used to discard packets because of access list or other policy action?
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
SC or MT-RJ
The Discard adjacency
Switch#show mac address-table [address {mac-address}] [interface {interface}] [vlan {vlan}]

31. What is the maximum cabling distance for 10GBASE-LR/LW?
10GbE operates only at full duplex
The switch port falls back to default setting of half duplex
10 km
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}

32. What Ethernet ports allow for autonegotiation?
Feature Manager (FM) and Switching Database Manager (SDM)
Process the first packet in a traffic flow to determine the destination
Flooding a frame with unknown destination MAC address out all ports assigned to the source port VLAN except the source port itself
UTP Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet

33. What is FIB?
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
A name assigned to a ranges of interfaces
Forwarding Information Base
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause storm-control

34. Enables error-disable for rate-limiting of DHCP snooping
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause udld
LOU registers
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dhcp-rate-limit
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)

35. What are the types of layer 3 switched interfaces
SVI or native routed interface
In parallel revealing the best (longest) match in a single table lookup
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch#show errdisable detect

36. What is the maximum cabling distance for 1000BASE-CX?
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause ilpower
Numeric values that represent what action to take after the TCAM lookup occurs
25 metres

37. What is full duplex operation?
LAN PHY and WAN PHY
Stations can transmit and receive at the same time because switched Ethernet removes the possibility of collisions
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF
Switch#show interfaces {interface}

38. What is the content of TCAM Mask entries?

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39. What is the timer range for automatic re-enabling of error-disabled ports?
From 30 seconds to 86 -400 seconds (24 hours)
300 seconds
Full duplex only
By electrical signalling so that either end of a link can determine what speed the other end is trying to use

40. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an Ethernet access list?
Source MAC (/48); Destination MAC (/48); Ethertype (/16)
Layer 2 destination address changed to next-hop MAC address; Layer 2 source address changed to outbound interface MAC address; Layer 3 TTL decremented by 1; Layer 3 IP checksum recalculated; Layer 2 frame checksum recalculated
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause bpduguard
Native routed interface

41. What tables are maintained by the CEF Layer 3 engine?
Routing table and ARP table
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Full duplex only
275 metres for 62.5 micron MMF; 550 metres for 50 micron MMF

42. What is Fast EtherChannel (FEC)?
Electromagnetic Interference
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause unicast-flood
1 -2 on one end with 3 -6 on the other end

43. What are runts?
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause pagp-flap
Packets that have been truncated before they were fully received
Half duplex
Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing

44. What is the default age-out time for stale entries in the CAM table?
A proprietary connector with a high-data-rate copper cable with enhanced signal integrity and EMI performance
Layer 2 source and destination MAC addresses; Layer 3 Time-To-Live (TTL) value and header checksum
Switch(config)#mac address-table aging-time {seconds}
300 seconds

45. Displays the entire Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
IEEE 802.3ab
Collision domain
Distributed CEF (dCEF)
Switch#show ip cef

46. What is error-disable state?
Adjacent MAC address (6 octets); Layer 3 engine MAC address (6 octets); EtherType (2 octets)
LOU registers
A switch port that has been shut down automatically due to a serious error condition
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link

47. Disables a switch port
Switch(config-if)#shutdown
Bundling together two to eight full duplex Fast Ethernet links to act as a single physical link
Gigabit Ethernet over 1 pair 8 or 9 micron SMF (1550 nm laser)
When one station transmits at the same time as another on a shared medium

48. What is the TCAM Value and Mask for an IGMP access list?
Switch(config-if)#duplex {auto | full | half}
Cabling specifications for Gigabit Ethernet
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause dtp-flap
Source IP (/32); Destination IP (/32); Protocol (/16); IP ToS (/8); IGMP message type (/8)

49. Selects an interface-range macro and enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause arp-inspection
Partition and tune the TCAM on some Catalyst switches into areas for different functions
Switch(config)#interface range macro {name}
Switch(config)#errdisable detect cause l2ptguard

50. What CEF adjacency is used when packets must be sent to the Layer 3 engine for further processing?
The Punt adjacency
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) or Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP)
Static access or dynamic
The Discard adjacency