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Test your basic knowledge |
Family Medicine/ambulatory 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
family-medicine
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nicotinic acids
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: flushing - hyperglycemia - hyperuricemia - upper GI distress - hepatotoxic - CI: liver disease - gout - DM - PUD
Have been asked to CUT down? people have been ANNOYED? felt GUILTY? EYE opener
Hallucinations - vivid dreams - fluctuating cognition - sleep disorder - frequent falls - visuospatial deficit - REM sleep disorder (vivid dreams)
Meningitis - brain abscess - metastasis
2. Croup
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
3 hours
Viral infxn of the subglottis
Moderate/severe alzheimer dementia
3. Prolonged QT interval (QTc)
Obesity; increased NE release
Amitriptyline - nortriptyline - desipramine - clomipramine - doxepin - imipramine
470ms+ in men - 480ms+ in women
= QT / sqrt(RR interval)
4. Dextroamphetamine
H. flu - S. pneumo - S. aureus - Strep A/B/C
Postpartum fever - uterine tenderness - foul-smelling lochia
Foot/leg deficits - cognitive + personality changes
Obesity; increased NE release
5. tx malignant hyperthermia
ACEI - B-blocker - spironolactone
S. aureus
Congenital dislocation - cerebral palsy - leg-calve-perthes - leg-length discrepancy - proximal focal femoral dysplasia - congenital short femur - congenital tibial bowing
Dantrolene IV - antipyretics - O2 - cooling blankets
6. Papilledema DDx
Flat disk - button - batteries
Recent surgery - trauma - GI bleeding - MI - uncontrolled HTN
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
Mass lesion - pseudotumor cerebri - meningitis
7. Dx and Tx of intussception
Meningitis - brain abscess - metastasis
Barium enema
Class III/IV CHR - QRS > 120ms - LVED diameter > 55mm - LVEF =< 35% - already on maximal therapy
ACEI - B-blocker - spironolactone
8. Fibrates
Marfan syndrome stigmata - HCM murmur - 3/6 systolic - ANY diastolic
TCA's
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
Postpartum fever - uterine tenderness - foul-smelling lochia
9. Lubiprostone
Mech: Activates intestinal chloride channels - use: IBS in women w/ constipation - sfx: nausea
PCP pneumonia
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: myopathy - myalgia - increased LFTs - CI: liver disease - P-450 inhibitors (cyclosporine - macrolides - antifungals)
ACEI - ARB
10. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is warranted when ___
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
Use: mild/mod alzheimer dementia - sfx: arrhythmia - dementia - bradycardia - urinary obstruction
Class III/IV CHR - QRS > 120ms - LVED diameter > 55mm - LVEF =< 35% - already on maximal therapy
Dementia - incontinence - gait disturbance
11. Tx uterine atony
ACEI - ARB - diuretic - Ca-blocker - B-blocker
Postpartum fever - uterine tenderness - foul-smelling lochia
1st line: IV oxytocin - bimanual uterine massage - 2nd line: methylergonovine IM (CI in HTN) - 3rd line: PGF2a (Hemabate) IM (CI in asthma) - 4th line: Misoprostol
Recent surgery - trauma - GI bleeding - MI - uncontrolled HTN
12. contraindications to thrombolytic therapy
Venlafaxine - duloxetine - mirtazapine
= QT / sqrt(RR interval)
Motor/sensory loss x 4 limbs - crossed signs - disconjugate gaze - nystagmus - dysarthria - dysphagia
Recent surgery - trauma - GI bleeding - MI - uncontrolled HTN
13. MCA stroke sx
Postpartum fever - uterine tenderness - foul-smelling lochia
Aphasia (dom hemisphere) - contralateral hemiparesis - sensory loss - spatial neglect - contralateral impaired conjugate gaze
H. flu - S. pneumo - S. aureus - Strep A/B/C
Triptans - dihydroergotamine - erogtamine - NSAIDsl; aspirin + acetaminophen + caffeine;
14. If not breast-feeding - when does menstruation restart?
3rd month postpartum
470ms+ in men - 480ms+ in women
Halothane - succinylcholine
Use: mild/mod alzheimer dementia - sfx: arrhythmia - dementia - bradycardia - urinary obstruction
15. Empiric CAP tx in healthy person
Tone (uretine atony) - Trauma (cervical - vaginal - perineal) - Tissue (retained placenta - membranes) - Thrombin (coagulopathies)
1. macrolide OR doxycycline 2. if resistant: fluoroquinolone OR B-lactam + macrolide
ACE-I (or ARB) - fluid+sodium restriction - B-blockers - loop diuretics (furosemide - bumetanide - torsemide - ethracrynic acid) - spironolactone - cardiac resynchronization therapy
Moderate/severe alzheimer dementia
16. Tx acute pulmonary edema 2ndary to CHF
Barium enema
Furosemide - nitroglycerin - IV morphine sulphate
ACEI - B-blocker - diuretic - Ca-blocker
= QT / sqrt(RR interval)
17. MCC non-traumatic hip pathology in adolescents
Use: mild/mod alzheimer dementia - sfx: arrhythmia - dementia - bradycardia - urinary obstruction
SCFE (slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
Hemorrhoids > colorectal polyps > diverticulosis > CRC > UC - AVM - colonic strictures
Amiodarone/lidocaine
18. Sudden-onset headache DDx
Cephalosporins - fluoroquinolones - sulfonamides - penicillins - heparin - amphotericin B
Venlafaxine - duloxetine - mirtazapine
5-HT blockers: tegasorad - alosetron
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - pituitary apoplexy - hemorrhage into mass lesion/vascular malformation - mass lesion
19. New-onset headache in patient with HIV/cancer DDx
Meningitis - brain abscess - metastasis
Weight loss - progressive dysphagia - recurring vomiting - GI bleeding - FHx cancer
Fever - drooling - dysphagia - odynophagia - stridor - respiratory distress
ACEI - ARB - diuretic - Ca-blocker - B-blocker
20. Organism that causes pneumonia with diarrhea
Furosemide - nitroglycerin - IV morphine sulphate
Cephalexin OR dicloxacillin
Amiodarone/lidocaine
Legionella
21. Organism that causes pneumonia post-influenza
RSV - PIV - adenoviris - rhinovirus - enterovirus - influenza - m. pneumo
Obesity; increased NE release
Legionella
S. aureus
22. malignant hyperthermia
Motor/sensory loss x 4 limbs - crossed signs - disconjugate gaze - nystagmus - dysarthria - dysphagia
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
Mass lesion - vascular malformation - stroke - collagen vascular disease
104F+ - tachycardia - metabolic acidosis - skeletal muscle rigidity
23. Bronchiolitis sx
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: flushing - hyperglycemia - hyperuricemia - upper GI distress - hepatotoxic - CI: liver disease - gout - DM - PUD
8%
'steeple-sign' (subglottic narrowing)
Coryza - congestion - pharyngitis - nasal discharge - fever - cough - dyspnea
24. Focal neurologic sx (other than aura) DDx
Mech: Activates intestinal chloride channels - use: IBS in women w/ constipation - sfx: nausea
RSV - PIV - adenoviris - rhinovirus - enterovirus - influenza - m. pneumo
Mass lesion - vascular malformation - stroke - collagen vascular disease
ACEI - ARB
25. GI 'alarm' features
Fever - anemia - weight loss 10+ lbs - hematochezia - melena - refractory/bloody diarrhea - FHx colon cancer/IBD
1st line: IV oxytocin - bimanual uterine massage - 2nd line: methylergonovine IM (CI in HTN) - 3rd line: PGF2a (Hemabate) IM (CI in asthma) - 4th line: Misoprostol
Oral prednisone
MVP
26. Croup X-ray
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27. Statins
S. aureus
MVP
Acute - cough w/ rust-colored sputum - fever - chills - lobar infiltrate on CXR
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: myopathy - myalgia - increased LFTs - CI: liver disease - P-450 inhibitors (cyclosporine - macrolides - antifungals)
28. CAGE questionnaire
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: abdominal pain - diarrhea - CI: liver disease
Have been asked to CUT down? people have been ANNOYED? felt GUILTY? EYE opener
Mech: Activates intestinal chloride channels - use: IBS in women w/ constipation - sfx: nausea
Septic arthritis - fractures - congenital hip dysplasia
29. Rivastigmine
5-HT blockers: tegasorad - alosetron
Alzheimer dementia
Fever - anemia - weight loss 10+ lbs - hematochezia - melena - refractory/bloody diarrhea - FHx colon cancer/IBD
Obesity; increased NE release
30. Cholesterol absorption blocker (ezetimibe)
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: dyspepsia - gallstones - myopathy - CI: renal - hepatic disease
3 hours
Barium enema
Effects: lower LDL - TGA; raise HDL - sfx: abdominal pain - diarrhea - CI: liver disease
31. Cluster headache pflx
MVP
Verapamil - Li+ - divalproex sodium - methysergide - prednisone
Renal parenchymal disease
Fever - anemia - weight loss 10+ lbs - hematochezia - melena - refractory/bloody diarrhea - FHx colon cancer/IBD
32. TCA
PCP pneumonia
H. flu - S. pneumo - S. aureus - Strep A/B/C
Aphasia (dom hemisphere) - contralateral hemiparesis - sensory loss - spatial neglect - contralateral impaired conjugate gaze
Amitriptyline - nortriptyline - desipramine - clomipramine - doxepin - imipramine
33. Tx HTN + CVA
ACEI - diuretic
Mass lesion - pseudotumor cerebri - meningitis
Class III/IV CHR - QRS > 120ms - LVED diameter > 55mm - LVEF =< 35% - already on maximal therapy
Acute - cough w/ rust-colored sputum - fever - chills - lobar infiltrate on CXR
34. DDx postoperative fever
Wind (pneumonia) - Water (UTI) - Wound (SSI) - Walk (DVT) - Wonder drugs (drug fever)
Acute - cough w/ rust-colored sputum - fever - chills - lobar infiltrate on CXR
S. aureus
Laryngotracheitis; laryngotracheobronchitis; laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis; spasmodic
35. Outpatient tx CHF
Butterfly pattern of perihilar infiltrates on CXR - cardiomegaly - chamber enlargement
Cephalosporins - fluoroquinolones - sulfonamides - penicillins - heparin - amphotericin B
S. aureus
ACE-I (or ARB) - fluid+sodium restriction - B-blockers - loop diuretics (furosemide - bumetanide - torsemide - ethracrynic acid) - spironolactone - cardiac resynchronization therapy
36. causes of malignant hyperthernia
Fever - sore throat - muffled voice - drooling - trismus - neck pain
Viral infxn of the subglottis
1st line: TZD
Halothane - succinylcholine
37. Tx HTN + DM
Dementia - incontinence - gait disturbance
S. aureus
ACEI - ARB - diuretic - Ca-blocker - B-blocker
100% O2 6L/min - dihydroergotamine - triptans
38. Bilateral 'ground glass' infiltrate on CXR
PCP pneumonia
10th postpartum day
ACEI - diuretic
Viral infxn of the subglottis
39. Primary SVT tx
B-blocker - Ca-channel blocker
Moderate/severe alzheimer dementia
Eikenella species
IV labetalol - nicardipine - sodium nitroprusside
40. DASH diet plan
High K - high Ca - low Na
1st line: TZD
470ms+ in men - 480ms+ in women
Triptans - dihydroergotamine - erogtamine - NSAIDsl; aspirin + acetaminophen + caffeine;
41. Bile acid sequestrants (cholestyramine - colestipol - colesevelam)
Effects: lower LDL; raise HDL - sfx: GI distress - constipation - decreased med absorption - CI: TGA > 400
1.B-lactam (cefuroxime/ cefotaxime/ceftriaxone / ampicillin-sulbatam) AND erythromycin/azithrymycin 2. IV fluoroquinolone
Dantrolene IV - antipyretics - O2 - cooling blankets
Neonate - infants - bilious vomiting - abdominal pain
42. IBS pain tx
Mass lesion - pseudotumor cerebri - meningitis
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - pituitary apoplexy - hemorrhage into mass lesion/vascular malformation - mass lesion
Use: mild/mod alzheimer dementia - sfx: arrhythmia - dementia - bradycardia - urinary obstruction
5-HT blockers: tegasorad - alosetron
43. DDx dementia
Fever - anemia - weight loss 10+ lbs - hematochezia - melena - refractory/bloody diarrhea - FHx colon cancer/IBD
MVP
Congenital dislocation - cerebral palsy - leg-calve-perthes - leg-length discrepancy - proximal focal femoral dysplasia - congenital short femur - congenital tibial bowing
Alzheimer - Parkinson - normal pressure hydrocephalus - Lewy Body - chronic EtOH - anticholinergic - benzodiazepines - sleeping pills - narcotics - hypothyroidism - B12 deficiency - neurosyphilis - hyponatremia - hypocalcemia - HIV
44. Orlistat
Effects: lower LDL; raise HDL - sfx: GI distress - constipation - decreased med absorption - CI: TGA > 400
Dantrolene IV - antipyretics - O2 - cooling blankets
Measure umbilicus to medial malleolus; Barlow test; Galeazzi test
Obesity (short/long term); inhibit pancreatic lipase; sfx: bloating - gas - oily stools
45. Causes of diverticular bleeding
Digoxin (B-blockers as needed)
Lumbar puncture
Yellow-white discharge with blood cells - decidual cells - and fibrinous products post-delivery.
Hemorrhoids > colorectal polyps > diverticulosis > CRC > UC - AVM - colonic strictures
46. Commonly ingested foreign bodies
Dantrolene IV - antipyretics - O2 - cooling blankets
ACE-I (or ARB) - fluid+sodium restriction - B-blockers - loop diuretics (furosemide - bumetanide - torsemide - ethracrynic acid) - spironolactone - cardiac resynchronization therapy
Flat disk - button - batteries
Fever - sore throat - muffled voice - drooling - trismus - neck pain
47. Pyloric stenosis sx
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48. CXR of CHF
Butterfly pattern of perihilar infiltrates on CXR - cardiomegaly - chamber enlargement
ACEI - diuretic
Obesity (short/long term); 5-HT reuptake inhibition; sfx: 5-HT syndrome
Bacterial infxn of supraglottic tissue and surrounding areas
49. DDx limp in infant/toddler
Septic arthritis - fractures - congenital hip dysplasia
Yellow-white discharge with blood cells - decidual cells - and fibrinous products post-delivery.
Venlafaxine - duloxetine - mirtazapine
Alzheimer dementia
50. SSRI's
Oral prednisone
1st line: IV oxytocin - bimanual uterine massage - 2nd line: methylergonovine IM (CI in HTN) - 3rd line: PGF2a (Hemabate) IM (CI in asthma) - 4th line: Misoprostol
Fluoxetine - Paroxetine - Sertraline - Fluvoxamine - Citalopram - Escitalopram
Amitriptyline - nortriptyline - desipramine - clomipramine - doxepin - imipramine