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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
BNP of 100
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

2. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

3. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

4. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Topamax (Topiramate)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

5. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Oh yea
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

6. What is the lab shorthand for blood
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

7. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Celexa (Citalopram)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

8. How to treat depression
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Celexa (Citalopram)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

9. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

10. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
NSAIDs (add others here)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

11. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

12. How to treat chronic pain
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
IV only
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

13. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

14. How to treat anxiety
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Celexa (Citalopram)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

15. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

16. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Oh yea

17. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

18. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

19. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
BNP of 100

20. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

21. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

22. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

23. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Oh yea
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

24. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Pseudomonas
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

25. Name the carbapenems
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

26. Blepharitis
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

27. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Atrial septal Appendage
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

28. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

29. Name the macrolides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Topical against gram +
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

30. What is the treatment for HAP
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Great than 500
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

31. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Celexa (Citalopram)

32. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Celexa (Citalopram)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Prostate protective (finnish study)

33. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
NSAIDs (add others here)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

34. prevention of migraines
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Topamax (Topiramate)

35. Scoring system of AFIB
Celexa (Citalopram)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
IV only
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

36. What is the treatment for CAP
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

37. What is the bruce protocol?
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

38. Name the aminoglycosides
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

39. When should you use Vancomycin
Celexa (Citalopram)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

40. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

41. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

42. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

43. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

44. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

45. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

46. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
IV only

47. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
NSAIDs (add others here)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

48. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
NSAIDs (add others here)

49. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Pseudomonas

50. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)