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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How to treat anxiety
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

2. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Great than 500
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Topical against gram +

3. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Oh yea

4. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

5. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

6. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Oh yea
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Pseudomonas
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

7. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
NSAIDs (add others here)

8. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

9. Name the aminoglycosides
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
BNP of 100
Topamax (Topiramate)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

10. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

11. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

12. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
IV only

13. When should you use Vancomycin
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

14. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
IV only
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

15. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

16. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

17. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
NSAIDs (add others here)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

18. What is the treatment for HAP
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

19. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

20. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
NSAIDs (add others here)

21. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

22. Name the macrolides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

23. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Topical against gram +

24. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Atrial septal Appendage
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

25. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

26. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Topical against gram +

27. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

28. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Great than 500
BNP of 100

29. What is the lab shorthand for blood
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Atrial septal Appendage
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

30. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

31. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Topical against gram +
Celexa (Citalopram)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Topamax (Topiramate)

32. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

33. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

34. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

35. Scoring system of AFIB
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Low testosterone may increase risk

36. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Oh yea

37. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Piperacillin (zosyn)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

38. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

39. What is Beyes theorem
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

40. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Oh yea
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

41. What is the treatment for CAP
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

42. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

43. prevention of migraines
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Oh yea

44. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
IV only
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

45. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Oh yea

46. How are all carbapenems administered
IV only
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Low testosterone may increase risk

47. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Piperacillin (zosyn)

48. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NSAIDs (add others here)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

49. When should you use bacitracin
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Topical against gram +
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Atrial septal Appendage

50. What is azithromycin used for
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.