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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

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1. What are treatment options for menopause
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
1. soy products 2. SSRI

2. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Great than 500
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

3. How to treat anxiety
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

4. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Oh yea
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

5. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Topamax (Topiramate)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

6. What are the major causes of microhematuria
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

7. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Oh yea
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

8. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
IV only
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

9. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Atrial septal Appendage
Oh yea
IV only

10. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

11. Name the tetracyclines
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

12. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

13. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

14. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
BNP of 100
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

15. How to treat chronic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

16. When should you use Vancomycin
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

17. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

18. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
IV only
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Atrial septal Appendage

19. Treatment for neuropathic pain
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

20. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

21. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

22. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

23. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Celexa (Citalopram)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

24. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

25. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Oh yea
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

26. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

27. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Atrial septal Appendage
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

28. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Pseudomonas
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

29. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Topical against gram +
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

30. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

31. Name the macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

32. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

33. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

34. How are all carbapenems administered
IV only
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Pseudomonas
NSAIDs (add others here)

35. What is the lab shorthand for blood
NSAIDs (add others here)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

36. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

37. Name the first generation cephalosporins
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

38. Name the SSRI's
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

39. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

40. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

41. What is Beyes theorem
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Great than 500
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

42. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

43. What is the treatment for CAP
Topamax (Topiramate)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

44. What may dig toxicity induce
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

45. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1. soy products 2. SSRI

46. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Atrial septal Appendage

47. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

48. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Pseudomonas
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

49. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

50. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Great than 500
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

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