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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How to treat chronic pain
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

2. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

3. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
BNP of 100
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. soy products 2. SSRI

4. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

5. What may dig toxicity induce
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

6. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
NSAIDs (add others here)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

7. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

8. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Topical against gram +
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

9. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Great than 500

10. Name the macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

11. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

12. What is the bruce protocol?
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Low testosterone may increase risk

13. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Piperacillin (zosyn)

14. When should you begin treating a UTI
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

15. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Great than 500
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

16. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

17. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Atrial septal Appendage
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

18. Scoring system of AFIB
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

19. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

20. Blepharitis
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Inflammation of the eye follicles

21. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

22. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Topical against gram +
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

23. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

24. Name the aminoglycosides
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Topical against gram +
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

25. Name the tetracyclines
Topamax (Topiramate)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

26. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

27. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
NSAIDs (add others here)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

28. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

29. How to treat anxiety
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
BNP of 100
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

30. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

31. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

32. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
BNP of 100
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

33. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

34. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Oh yea
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

35. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topical against gram +
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

36. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

37. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Oh yea
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

38. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

39. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

40. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

41. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Atrial septal Appendage
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
BNP of 100

42. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Pseudomonas
IV only
NSAIDs (add others here)

43. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Oh yea

44. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Atrial septal Appendage
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

45. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
NSAIDs (add others here)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

46. Treatment of Migraines
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Great than 500
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

47. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Atrial septal Appendage
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

48. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

49. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

50. How to treat depression
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Celexa (Citalopram)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)