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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

2. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

3. What are the averse effects of macrolides
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Atrial septal Appendage
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

4. Name the aminoglycosides
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

5. Blepharitis
NSAIDs (add others here)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Great than 500

6. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Oh yea
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

7. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Oh yea
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

8. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
BNP of 100

9. Scoring system of AFIB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

10. Treatment of Migraines
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

11. Name the tetracyclines
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

12. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

13. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

14. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

15. What is the bruce protocol?
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

16. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
NSAIDs (add others here)

17. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

18. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Celexa (Citalopram)

19. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Topamax (Topiramate)
Oh yea
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

20. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Great than 500
Low testosterone may increase risk
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

21. What is Beyes theorem
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

22. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
IV only
Great than 500

23. What is the treatment for CAP
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

24. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Celexa (Citalopram)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
NSAIDs (add others here)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

25. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

26. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

27. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

28. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1. soy products 2. SSRI
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

29. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Great than 500
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

30. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

31. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Celexa (Citalopram)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

32. When should you begin treating a UTI
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

33. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

34. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

35. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Topamax (Topiramate)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

36. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Oh yea

37. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

38. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Piperacillin (zosyn)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Low testosterone may increase risk
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

39. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Pseudomonas
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Atrial septal Appendage

40. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

41. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Celexa (Citalopram)
Atrial septal Appendage
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

42. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
IV only
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

43. How to treat chronic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

44. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

45. What is the treatment for HAP
Topamax (Topiramate)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Low testosterone may increase risk

46. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Topamax (Topiramate)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

47. Name the carbapenems
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

48. Cycloserine is used against what?
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Pseudomonas
Celexa (Citalopram)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

49. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Celexa (Citalopram)

50. Name the macrolides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)