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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
NSAIDs (add others here)
IV only
1. soy products 2. SSRI

2. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Atrial septal Appendage
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Pseudomonas

3. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Topical against gram +

4. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

5. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
BNP of 100
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

6. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

7. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

8. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

9. Cycloserine is used against what?
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

10. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

11. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Great than 500
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
BNP of 100

12. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

13. How to treat anxiety
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

14. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

15. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

16. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

17. How to treat chronic pain
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

18. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

19. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

20. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

21. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

22. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Oh yea
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

23. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

24. Name the aminoglycosides
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

25. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Pseudomonas
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

26. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

27. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Piperacillin (zosyn)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

28. Name the SSRI's
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Atrial septal Appendage
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

29. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Low testosterone may increase risk

30. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

31. What is the lab shorthand for blood
IV only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

32. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

33. When should you use Vancomycin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Topamax (Topiramate)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

34. Name the macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Topamax (Topiramate)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

35. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Topical against gram +
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

36. What is the bruce protocol?
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Great than 500

37. How are all carbapenems administered
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
IV only
BNP of 100

38. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Low testosterone may increase risk
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

39. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

40. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Oh yea

41. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Atrial septal Appendage
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

42. What is the treatment for HAP
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

43. What are treatment options for menopause
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
1. soy products 2. SSRI
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

44. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

45. What are the major causes of microhematuria
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Piperacillin (zosyn)

46. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

47. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
IV only
NSAIDs (add others here)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

48. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

49. Blepharitis
Pseudomonas
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

50. What is azithromycin used for
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Atrial septal Appendage
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.