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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Topamax (Topiramate)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

2. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

3. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

4. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
BNP of 100
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
NSAIDs (add others here)

5. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Topical against gram +
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

6. When should you use Vancomycin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

7. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
NSAIDs (add others here)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

8. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

9. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
BNP of 100
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

10. Name the tetracyclines
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Celexa (Citalopram)

11. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

12. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Topical against gram +
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Oh yea

13. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

14. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Oh yea
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

15. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Great than 500
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

16. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

17. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Pseudomonas
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

18. Name the aminoglycosides
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
BNP of 100
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

19. What is azithromycin used for
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Pseudomonas

20. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Pseudomonas

21. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Low testosterone may increase risk
Celexa (Citalopram)

22. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

23. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Low testosterone may increase risk
Oh yea
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

24. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Great than 500
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Low testosterone may increase risk
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

25. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

26. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

27. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Topamax (Topiramate)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

28. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

29. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

30. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

31. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

32. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

33. Name the first generation cephalosporins
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
NSAIDs (add others here)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

34. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

35. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

36. How to treat chronic pain
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

37. When should you use bacitracin
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Topical against gram +

38. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Pseudomonas
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

39. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

40. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

41. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Celexa (Citalopram)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Topamax (Topiramate)

42. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Celexa (Citalopram)

43. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Topical against gram +
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

44. Scoring system of AFIB
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

45. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Pseudomonas
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

46. Name the macrolides
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

47. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

48. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

49. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

50. How to treat anxiety
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topical against gram +