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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

2. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

3. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

4. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

5. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

6. Name the aminoglycosides
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

7. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

8. When should you begin treating a UTI
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

9. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Piperacillin (zosyn)

10. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Topical against gram +
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

11. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

12. How to treat anxiety
NSAIDs (add others here)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

13. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

14. When should you use bacitracin
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Atrial septal Appendage
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Topical against gram +

15. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

16. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

17. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

18. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Topamax (Topiramate)
BNP of 100
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

19. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

20. Treatment of Migraines
BNP of 100
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

21. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

22. What may dig toxicity induce
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

23. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
NSAIDs (add others here)

24. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Atrial septal Appendage

25. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

26. How to treat chronic pain
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

27. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
IV only
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

28. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Great than 500
BNP of 100
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

29. What is the treatment for CAP
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
NSAIDs (add others here)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

30. When should you use Vancomycin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

31. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

32. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

33. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

34. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

35. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

36. What is natural penicillin used to treat
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

37. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
IV only
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

38. What is Beyes theorem
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

39. Cycloserine is used against what?
BNP of 100
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

40. What is the treatment for HAP
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

41. How to treat depression
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Celexa (Citalopram)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

42. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

43. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Great than 500

44. What are treatment options for menopause
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

45. What is azithromycin used for
BNP of 100
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

46. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

47. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

48. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

49. Name the tetracyclines
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

50. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Atrial septal Appendage
NSAIDs (add others here)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Low testosterone may increase risk