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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Topamax (Topiramate)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Low testosterone may increase risk

2. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Oh yea
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

3. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

4. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Great than 500
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

5. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

6. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

7. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

8. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Great than 500

9. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

10. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

11. Blepharitis
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

12. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

13. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

14. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Celexa (Citalopram)
Oh yea
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

15. Treatment of Migraines
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

16. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

17. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
NSAIDs (add others here)
BNP of 100
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

18. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

19. Name the aminoglycosides
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

20. What is the treatment for CAP
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Topamax (Topiramate)
BNP of 100
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

21. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

22. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

23. What is Beyes theorem
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Piperacillin (zosyn)

24. How are all carbapenems administered
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
IV only
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

25. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

26. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
BNP of 100
1. soy products 2. SSRI

27. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

28. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

29. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Pseudomonas

30. Name the macrolides
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

31. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

32. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Atrial septal Appendage
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

33. How to treat chronic pain
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topamax (Topiramate)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

34. What is the bruce protocol?
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

35. Name the second generation cephalosporin
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
BNP of 100
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

36. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

37. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Celexa (Citalopram)
Pseudomonas
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

38. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Atrial septal Appendage

39. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

40. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Pseudomonas
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

41. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Low testosterone may increase risk
Atrial septal Appendage

42. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Atrial septal Appendage

43. What are treatment options for menopause
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

44. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

45. Name the carbapenems
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

46. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Great than 500
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
NSAIDs (add others here)

47. prevention of migraines
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Oh yea
Topamax (Topiramate)

48. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Topamax (Topiramate)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. soy products 2. SSRI

49. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Prostate protective (finnish study)

50. When should you use bacitracin
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Topical against gram +
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)