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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
BNP of 100

2. Name the aminoglycosides
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

3. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Atrial septal Appendage
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

4. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

5. What is the treatment for CAP
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

6. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Celexa (Citalopram)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

7. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

8. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

9. What is Beyes theorem
Atrial septal Appendage
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

10. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

11. Cycloserine is used against what?
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

12. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

13. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
IV only
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

14. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

15. Name the tetracyclines
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

16. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

17. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

18. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

19. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
BNP of 100
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

20. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Atrial septal Appendage
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

21. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

22. Name the macrolides
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

23. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Atrial septal Appendage
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

24. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

25. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

26. How to treat anxiety
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

27. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Oh yea
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

28. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Prostate protective (finnish study)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

29. prevention of migraines
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Topamax (Topiramate)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

30. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Atrial septal Appendage
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

31. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

32. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Great than 500
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

33. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Pseudomonas
BNP of 100
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

34. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Topamax (Topiramate)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

35. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Low testosterone may increase risk

36. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

37. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Prostate protective (finnish study)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

38. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
BNP of 100
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

39. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

40. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
NSAIDs (add others here)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

41. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Oh yea
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

42. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

43. What is the bruce protocol?
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

44. How to treat depression
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Celexa (Citalopram)

45. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Topamax (Topiramate)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

46. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

47. Scoring system of AFIB
Topical against gram +
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

48. What are treatment options for menopause
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. soy products 2. SSRI

49. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Topamax (Topiramate)

50. What is azithromycin used for
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.