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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
BNP of 100
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

2. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

3. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Celexa (Citalopram)

4. What is the treatment for HAP
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

5. How are all carbapenems administered
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
IV only

6. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Prostate protective (finnish study)

7. What is Beyes theorem
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Topical against gram +
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

8. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Topamax (Topiramate)

9. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

10. When should you use bacitracin
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Topical against gram +
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

11. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Atrial septal Appendage
NSAIDs (add others here)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

12. What is the treatment for CAP
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Prostate protective (finnish study)

13. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

14. How to treat anxiety
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

15. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

16. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

17. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

18. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

19. Name the SSRI's
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
IV only

20. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

21. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

22. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

23. When should you use Vancomycin
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

24. What is the lab shorthand for blood
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

25. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

26. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

27. Treatment of Migraines
Pseudomonas
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Celexa (Citalopram)

28. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Low testosterone may increase risk

29. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
NSAIDs (add others here)

30. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

31. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
IV only
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

32. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

33. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Piperacillin (zosyn)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

34. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Prostate protective (finnish study)

35. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

36. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Oh yea

37. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

38. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

39. Blepharitis
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

40. When should you begin treating a UTI
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

41. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Celexa (Citalopram)
BNP of 100
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

42. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Atrial septal Appendage

43. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
NSAIDs (add others here)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

44. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Celexa (Citalopram)

45. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

46. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

47. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

48. Cycloserine is used against what?
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

49. Scoring system of AFIB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

50. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. soy products 2. SSRI
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Oh yea