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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Prostate protective (finnish study)
NSAIDs (add others here)

2. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Pseudomonas
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
IV only

3. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

4. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
Oh yea
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
BNP of 100

5. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

6. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Oh yea

7. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Atrial septal Appendage
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

8. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

9. Name the aminoglycosides
Topamax (Topiramate)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

10. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

11. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

12. What is the treatment for HAP
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

13. What may dig toxicity induce
Topamax (Topiramate)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

14. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

15. How to treat chronic pain
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

16. What is the bruce protocol?
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
NSAIDs (add others here)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

17. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

18. Blepharitis
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Atrial septal Appendage

19. How to treat depression
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Celexa (Citalopram)
Topamax (Topiramate)

20. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

21. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Great than 500

22. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

23. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

24. Name the macrolides
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Atrial septal Appendage
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

25. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

26. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

27. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

28. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

29. What is Beyes theorem
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

30. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Low testosterone may increase risk
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

31. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

32. What is the determination of a liver transplant
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

33. What is azithromycin used for
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

34. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

35. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Great than 500
Topamax (Topiramate)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
BNP of 100

36. When should you use bacitracin
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Pseudomonas
Topical against gram +

37. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

38. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
BNP of 100

39. When should you begin treating a UTI
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

40. What are the major causes of microhematuria
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Oh yea
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

41. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

42. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Atrial septal Appendage
Oh yea
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

43. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

44. Name the SSRI's
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

45. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

46. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Piperacillin (zosyn)

47. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

48. How are all carbapenems administered
Low testosterone may increase risk
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Great than 500
IV only

49. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
NSAIDs (add others here)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

50. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Prostate protective (finnish study)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max