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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the major causes of microhematuria
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Inflammation of the eye follicles
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

2. When should you begin treating a UTI
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
BNP of 100
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

3. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

4. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
BNP of 100

5. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Topamax (Topiramate)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

6. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

7. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

8. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

9. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

10. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

11. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
IV only
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

12. What is the bruce protocol?
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Oh yea
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

13. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

14. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. soy products 2. SSRI

15. Scoring system of AFIB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Oh yea
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

16. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Topical against gram +
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

17. What is Beyes theorem
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Celexa (Citalopram)

18. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

19. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

20. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

21. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Piperacillin (zosyn)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

22. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

23. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Topical against gram +

24. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

25. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
BNP of 100
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

26. Name the SSRI's
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

27. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
IV only

28. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

29. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Pseudomonas
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

30. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
Great than 500
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

31. Blepharitis
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Pseudomonas

32. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Great than 500

33. What may dig toxicity induce
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

34. What is the treatment for CAP
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

35. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

36. What is natural penicillin used to treat
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Topamax (Topiramate)

37. Name the tetracyclines
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

38. Name the aminoglycosides
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

39. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Topical against gram +
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

40. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

41. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Pseudomonas
Celexa (Citalopram)

42. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
1. soy products 2. SSRI

43. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

44. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Celexa (Citalopram)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

45. How are all carbapenems administered
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Pseudomonas
IV only

46. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

47. How to treat chronic pain
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

48. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Atrial septal Appendage
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

49. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Great than 500

50. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)