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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
BNP of 100
Low testosterone may increase risk
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

2. What is the treatment for CAP
Oh yea
Low testosterone may increase risk
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

3. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Great than 500

4. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

5. What is azithromycin used for
Oh yea
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

6. When should you begin treating a UTI
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

7. Name the carbapenems
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Great than 500
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

8. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

9. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
BNP of 100
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Low testosterone may increase risk

10. What may dig toxicity induce
Oh yea
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

11. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

12. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Topical against gram +
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

13. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Atrial septal Appendage
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

14. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
BNP of 100
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

15. Name the first generation cephalosporins
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

16. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

17. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

18. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
IV only

19. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

20. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

21. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Low testosterone may increase risk
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

22. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

23. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

24. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

25. prevention of migraines
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

26. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Oh yea
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

27. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

28. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

29. Treatment for neuropathic pain
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

30. Name the tetracyclines
Topical against gram +
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

31. Name the macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

32. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Great than 500
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

33. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Topical against gram +
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
BNP of 100

34. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

35. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

36. What are treatment options for menopause
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. soy products 2. SSRI
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

37. Scoring system of AFIB
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

38. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

39. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
BNP of 100
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

40. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Great than 500
Topamax (Topiramate)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

41. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
IV only
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

42. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

43. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

44. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

45. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Pseudomonas
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

46. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Piperacillin (zosyn)

47. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

48. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

49. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

50. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
IV only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Atrial septal Appendage