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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Piperacillin (zosyn)

2. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

3. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Celexa (Citalopram)

4. Treatment of Migraines
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

5. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Inflammation of the eye follicles
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

6. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
BNP of 100
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

7. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Atrial septal Appendage

8. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Great than 500
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

9. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
BNP of 100

10. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

11. What is Beyes theorem
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Inflammation of the eye follicles
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

12. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

13. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Atrial septal Appendage
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

14. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Atrial septal Appendage
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

15. Scoring system of AFIB
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Great than 500
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

16. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
Celexa (Citalopram)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

17. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

18. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

19. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

20. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

21. What are the major causes of microhematuria
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

22. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

23. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

24. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

25. What is the treatment for CAP
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

26. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

27. Cycloserine is used against what?
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. soy products 2. SSRI

28. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Pseudomonas
Piperacillin (zosyn)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

29. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

30. What is the bruce protocol?
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

31. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Low testosterone may increase risk
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

32. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

33. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Oh yea
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Atrial septal Appendage
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

34. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Oh yea
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

35. Name the SSRI's
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

36. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

37. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

38. How are all carbapenems administered
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
IV only
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

39. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Great than 500
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

40. Name the tetracyclines
Atrial septal Appendage
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

41. Blepharitis
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Low testosterone may increase risk
Inflammation of the eye follicles

42. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

43. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
BNP of 100

44. What may dig toxicity induce
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

45. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

46. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

47. What is azithromycin used for
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

48. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

49. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Pseudomonas
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

50. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose