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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

2. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Celexa (Citalopram)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

3. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

4. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

5. What is the determination of a liver transplant
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

6. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Pseudomonas
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

7. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Topical against gram +
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

8. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Topamax (Topiramate)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Great than 500

9. Name the macrolides
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

10. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

11. prevention of migraines
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Topamax (Topiramate)

12. What is the treatment for HAP
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

13. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

14. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

15. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

16. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

17. Name the aminoglycosides
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

18. What is the bruce protocol?
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Oh yea
Celexa (Citalopram)

19. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

20. Name the first generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

21. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Pseudomonas
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Great than 500

22. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
1. soy products 2. SSRI
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

23. Name the tetracyclines
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

24. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

25. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Topical against gram +
Great than 500
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

26. Name the SSRI's
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
IV only
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

27. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Celexa (Citalopram)

28. What is the treatment for CAP
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

29. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

30. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

31. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Low testosterone may increase risk

32. What is azithromycin used for
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Pseudomonas

33. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

34. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

35. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

36. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

37. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
NSAIDs (add others here)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

38. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

39. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Oh yea
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Piperacillin (zosyn)

40. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Topamax (Topiramate)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Oh yea

41. Name the carbapenems
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
BNP of 100
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

42. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topical against gram +
IV only

43. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

44. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

45. What is Beyes theorem
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
IV only
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

46. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
NSAIDs (add others here)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

47. Name the second generation cephalosporin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

48. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

49. Scoring system of AFIB
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

50. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Pseudomonas
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO