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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

2. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

3. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

4. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
BNP of 100
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

5. Name the tetracyclines
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

6. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Pseudomonas
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Great than 500

7. When should you begin treating a UTI
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

8. Treatment of Migraines
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Topamax (Topiramate)

9. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

10. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

11. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

12. Name the aminoglycosides
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

13. prevention of migraines
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

14. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Atrial septal Appendage
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

15. Treatment for neuropathic pain
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

16. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Low testosterone may increase risk
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

17. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

18. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
NSAIDs (add others here)

19. Name the SSRI's
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Oh yea

20. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Topical against gram +
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

21. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

22. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Piperacillin (zosyn)

23. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

24. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

25. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

26. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

27. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Great than 500
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

28. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

29. What are treatment options for menopause
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

30. When should you use bacitracin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Topical against gram +
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

31. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

32. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Celexa (Citalopram)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

33. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

34. What is the lab shorthand for blood
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

35. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Atrial septal Appendage

36. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

37. Name the second generation cephalosporin
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

38. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
IV only
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

39. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

40. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

41. Cycloserine is used against what?
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Celexa (Citalopram)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

42. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

43. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

44. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

45. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Atrial septal Appendage
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Topamax (Topiramate)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

46. When should you use Vancomycin
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

47. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

48. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

49. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Oh yea

50. What is the bruce protocol?
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max