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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Topical against gram +
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Piperacillin (zosyn)

2. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Great than 500

3. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

4. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

5. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Atrial septal Appendage
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

6. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
NSAIDs (add others here)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

7. How to treat chronic pain
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

8. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
BNP of 100

9. Cycloserine is used against what?
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

10. What is the lab shorthand for blood
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

11. When should you use Vancomycin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

12. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

13. When should you begin treating a UTI
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

14. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Low testosterone may increase risk
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

15. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Celexa (Citalopram)

16. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

17. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Atrial septal Appendage

18. What is natural penicillin used to treat
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

19. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Oh yea
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

20. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

21. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

22. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

23. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Oh yea
Celexa (Citalopram)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

24. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

25. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

26. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

27. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Pseudomonas
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

28. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

29. Name the aminoglycosides
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

30. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Great than 500
Low testosterone may increase risk

31. Name the tetracyclines
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

32. How are all carbapenems administered
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
IV only
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

33. How to treat anxiety
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Atrial septal Appendage
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

34. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Oh yea
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

35. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Topical against gram +
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

36. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Celexa (Citalopram)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

37. How to treat depression
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Celexa (Citalopram)

38. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

39. What are the major causes of microhematuria
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

40. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

41. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

42. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Low testosterone may increase risk
NSAIDs (add others here)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

43. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

44. What is azithromycin used for
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
BNP of 100
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

45. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Prostate protective (finnish study)

46. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

47. What is the bruce protocol?
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

48. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Topical against gram +
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Prostate protective (finnish study)

49. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

50. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea