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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the macrolides
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Celexa (Citalopram)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

2. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Prostate protective (finnish study)

3. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Topical against gram +

4. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

5. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

6. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

7. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Topamax (Topiramate)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

8. Name the first generation cephalosporins
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

9. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

10. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

11. How to treat depression
Pseudomonas
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Celexa (Citalopram)

12. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Piperacillin (zosyn)

13. When should you begin treating a UTI
Celexa (Citalopram)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

14. When should you use bacitracin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Topical against gram +

15. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

16. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

17. What may dig toxicity induce
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

18. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Oh yea

19. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Oh yea

20. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

21. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

22. Cycloserine is used against what?
Low testosterone may increase risk
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

23. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Oh yea
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

24. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

25. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Low testosterone may increase risk

26. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

27. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

28. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Prostate protective (finnish study)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

29. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

30. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Atrial septal Appendage
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

31. What is Beyes theorem
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

32. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Great than 500
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Oh yea
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

33. When should you use Vancomycin
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

34. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
BNP of 100
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

35. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
IV only
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

36. Scoring system of AFIB
Oh yea
BNP of 100
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

37. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
IV only
Inflammation of the eye follicles

38. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Great than 500
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

39. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

40. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

41. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Low testosterone may increase risk
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

42. How to treat anxiety
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

43. What is the bruce protocol?
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

44. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

45. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

46. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Topical against gram +
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
NSAIDs (add others here)

47. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

48. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

49. How are all carbapenems administered
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
IV only
Topamax (Topiramate)

50. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Amoxicillin Ampicillin