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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When should you use Vancomycin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

2. Name the second generation cephalosporin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

3. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Atrial septal Appendage

4. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

5. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

6. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

7. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

8. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
NSAIDs (add others here)

9. What is the bruce protocol?
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
BNP of 100
NSAIDs (add others here)

10. How are all carbapenems administered
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
IV only
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

11. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Topamax (Topiramate)

12. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

13. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Great than 500
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

14. What are the averse effects of macrolides
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Pseudomonas

15. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Topamax (Topiramate)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

16. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

17. Name the first generation cephalosporins
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

18. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Topical against gram +

19. What are treatment options for menopause
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

20. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

21. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Oh yea
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

22. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Low testosterone may increase risk
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

23. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Oh yea
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

24. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

25. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

26. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

27. Name the carbapenems
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

28. Name the SSRI's
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

29. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Oh yea
NSAIDs (add others here)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

30. How to treat depression
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Celexa (Citalopram)

31. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Low testosterone may increase risk
Piperacillin (zosyn)

32. What may dig toxicity induce
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Topical against gram +

33. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Atrial septal Appendage
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

34. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

35. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

36. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

37. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

38. What is the treatment for CAP
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Low testosterone may increase risk
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

39. Name the macrolides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

40. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

41. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Oh yea
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

42. How to treat anxiety
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

43. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Topical against gram +
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Great than 500

44. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
BNP of 100
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

45. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

46. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

47. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

48. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Topamax (Topiramate)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Piperacillin (zosyn)

49. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

50. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose