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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the averse effects of macrolides
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

2. How to treat chronic pain
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

3. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
BNP of 100
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

4. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

5. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Oh yea
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Great than 500
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

6. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Celexa (Citalopram)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

7. What is the bruce protocol?
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Topical against gram +
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

8. prevention of migraines
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Topamax (Topiramate)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
BNP of 100

9. When should you use Vancomycin
Pseudomonas
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

10. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Inflammation of the eye follicles
NSAIDs (add others here)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

11. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

12. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Pseudomonas

13. How to treat anxiety
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

14. What is the treatment for CAP
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
IV only
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

15. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Atrial septal Appendage
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Low testosterone may increase risk

16. Cycloserine is used against what?
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

17. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Celexa (Citalopram)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

18. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Low testosterone may increase risk
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

19. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
IV only

20. What is the treatment for HAP
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

21. When should you use bacitracin
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Topical against gram +
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

22. Blepharitis
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

23. Name the carbapenems
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
IV only
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

24. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
NSAIDs (add others here)
IV only
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

25. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

26. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Great than 500

27. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

28. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

29. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Topamax (Topiramate)

30. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Prostate protective (finnish study)

31. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

32. Name the aminoglycosides
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

33. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

34. Scoring system of AFIB
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

35. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Atrial septal Appendage
NSAIDs (add others here)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

36. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Topamax (Topiramate)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

37. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

38. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

39. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1. soy products 2. SSRI
BNP of 100

40. When should you begin treating a UTI
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

41. How are all carbapenems administered
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
IV only

42. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

43. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

44. Name the macrolides
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

45. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Oh yea
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

46. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

47. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Inflammation of the eye follicles
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Piperacillin (zosyn)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

48. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Low testosterone may increase risk
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

49. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Pseudomonas
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

50. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Oh yea
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
WBC>HG/HCT<pH