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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Low testosterone may increase risk
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

2. What may dig toxicity induce
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

3. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

4. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Low testosterone may increase risk

5. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

6. prevention of migraines
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Topamax (Topiramate)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

7. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

8. What is azithromycin used for
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
BNP of 100

9. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

10. Name the first generation cephalosporins
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

11. Treatment of Migraines
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
1. soy products 2. SSRI

12. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
NSAIDs (add others here)

13. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Piperacillin (zosyn)

14. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Great than 500
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

15. Treatment for neuropathic pain
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

16. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

17. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

18. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

19. Cycloserine is used against what?
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

20. How to treat depression
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Great than 500
Celexa (Citalopram)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

21. When should you use bacitracin
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Topical against gram +

22. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

23. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

24. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

25. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

26. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

27. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
BNP of 100
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

28. Name the aminoglycosides
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

29. What is the lab shorthand for blood
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. soy products 2. SSRI
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

30. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

31. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
IV only
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

32. Scoring system of AFIB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

33. Name the carbapenems
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Prostate protective (finnish study)

34. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
NSAIDs (add others here)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

35. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. soy products 2. SSRI
IV only
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

36. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

37. Name the tetracyclines
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Oh yea
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

38. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

39. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

40. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Great than 500
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

41. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

42. How to treat chronic pain
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

43. How are all carbapenems administered
IV only
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Oh yea

44. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Oh yea

45. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

46. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Pseudomonas
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

47. What are treatment options for menopause
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
1. soy products 2. SSRI

48. What is Beyes theorem
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

49. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Oh yea
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

50. How to treat anxiety
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB