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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

2. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Low testosterone may increase risk
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

3. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

4. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Low testosterone may increase risk

5. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Low testosterone may increase risk
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

6. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

7. What is the treatment for CAP
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

8. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Oh yea
BNP of 100
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

9. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

10. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Atrial septal Appendage
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

11. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Great than 500
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

12. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
BNP of 100
Inflammation of the eye follicles
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

13. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

14. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

15. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

16. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

17. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Celexa (Citalopram)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

18. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
IV only
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

19. What are the major causes of microhematuria
NSAIDs (add others here)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

20. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

21. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

22. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

23. When should you use bacitracin
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Topical against gram +
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

24. How to treat anxiety
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

25. How are all carbapenems administered
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
IV only
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

26. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Prostate protective (finnish study)

27. What is the treatment for HAP
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

28. What are treatment options for menopause
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

29. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

30. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Piperacillin (zosyn)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
NSAIDs (add others here)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

31. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

32. What is Beyes theorem
Low testosterone may increase risk
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

33. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Piperacillin (zosyn)

34. How to treat chronic pain
Topical against gram +
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

35. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
BNP of 100
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

36. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Oh yea
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

37. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Atrial septal Appendage

38. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

39. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

40. Name the tetracyclines
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

41. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Celexa (Citalopram)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Topical against gram +

42. Name the carbapenems
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Topical against gram +

43. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

44. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

45. What may dig toxicity induce
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

46. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
NSAIDs (add others here)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

47. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Great than 500
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

48. What is the bruce protocol?
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

49. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

50. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)