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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1. soy products 2. SSRI
BNP of 100
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

2. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

3. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

4. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

5. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
BNP of 100
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

6. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

7. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
IV only
Great than 500
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

8. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

9. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Inflammation of the eye follicles

10. How to treat chronic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

11. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

12. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

13. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Great than 500
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

14. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Pseudomonas
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

15. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

16. Name the carbapenems
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

17. How are all carbapenems administered
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Prostate protective (finnish study)
IV only

18. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Topamax (Topiramate)

19. Scoring system of AFIB
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

20. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

21. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Oh yea
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

22. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

23. What is azithromycin used for
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. soy products 2. SSRI

24. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Atrial septal Appendage
Great than 500
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

25. What is the determination of a liver transplant
NSAIDs (add others here)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

26. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

27. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

28. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Great than 500

29. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

30. What is natural penicillin used to treat
NSAIDs (add others here)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

31. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Celexa (Citalopram)

32. Name the aminoglycosides
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

33. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Topical against gram +
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

34. Name the SSRI's
BNP of 100
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

35. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

36. What is Beyes theorem
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Celexa (Citalopram)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

37. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

38. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Inflammation of the eye follicles

39. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

40. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

41. Name the macrolides
Oh yea
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

42. How to treat anxiety
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

43. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

44. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

45. What may dig toxicity induce
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

46. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

47. When should you begin treating a UTI
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
BNP of 100
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000

48. When should you use Vancomycin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

49. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Pseudomonas

50. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Celexa (Citalopram)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)