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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

2. Cycloserine is used against what?
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

3. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

4. Treatment of Migraines
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

5. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
IV only
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

6. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

7. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Piperacillin (zosyn)
IV only
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Pseudomonas

8. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Oh yea

9. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Oh yea
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

10. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Atrial septal Appendage
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

11. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Atrial septal Appendage
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. soy products 2. SSRI

12. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
IV only
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

13. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

14. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Oh yea
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

15. Name the carbapenems
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

16. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Piperacillin (zosyn)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Great than 500

17. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
BNP of 100
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

18. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

19. How to treat depression
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Celexa (Citalopram)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

20. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Atrial septal Appendage
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

21. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

22. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

23. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

24. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Topical against gram +
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

25. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

26. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

27. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Inflammation of the eye follicles
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

28. What is Beyes theorem
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

29. Name the SSRI's
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Oh yea

30. Treatment for neuropathic pain
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

31. When should you use Vancomycin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

32. Blepharitis
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

33. When should you use bacitracin
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Topical against gram +
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Low testosterone may increase risk

34. What is the bruce protocol?
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Low testosterone may increase risk

35. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

36. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

37. When should you begin treating a UTI
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

38. Name the macrolides
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

39. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

40. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

41. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
BNP of 100

42. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Piperacillin (zosyn)

43. What may dig toxicity induce
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

44. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

45. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

46. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
BNP of 100

47. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Pseudomonas
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

48. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

49. How to treat chronic pain
Pseudomonas
Topical against gram +
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

50. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
All patients with a fall hazard potential.