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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

2. What is the treatment for CAP
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Topamax (Topiramate)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Atrial septal Appendage

3. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

4. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

5. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

6. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

7. What is the determination of a liver transplant
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

8. When should you begin treating a UTI
Atrial septal Appendage
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

9. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

10. Scoring system of AFIB
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

11. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

12. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Atrial septal Appendage
1. soy products 2. SSRI

13. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
BNP of 100
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

14. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Inflammation of the eye follicles
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Low testosterone may increase risk

15. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Great than 500
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

16. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Low testosterone may increase risk
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

17. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Low testosterone may increase risk
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

18. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

19. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Great than 500

20. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

21. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

22. Treatment for neuropathic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

23. Name the second generation cephalosporin
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

24. What are treatment options for menopause
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. soy products 2. SSRI

25. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Piperacillin (zosyn)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

26. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

27. Name the macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

28. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

29. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
IV only
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. soy products 2. SSRI

30. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

31. Name the tetracyclines
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

32. Name the carbapenems
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

33. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

34. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
NSAIDs (add others here)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Great than 500
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

35. What is Beyes theorem
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
NSAIDs (add others here)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

36. Cycloserine is used against what?
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

37. Treatment of Migraines
Oh yea
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

38. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
NSAIDs (add others here)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

39. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

40. How are all carbapenems administered
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
IV only
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

41. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

42. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

43. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

44. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
BNP of 100
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

45. What are the major causes of microhematuria
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Atrial septal Appendage
IV only

46. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Atrial septal Appendage

47. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
BNP of 100

48. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
IV only
NSAIDs (add others here)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

49. Blepharitis
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Low testosterone may increase risk
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

50. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Topical against gram +