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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How to treat depression
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Celexa (Citalopram)

2. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Pseudomonas
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Atrial septal Appendage

3. What are treatment options for menopause
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Oh yea
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

4. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

5. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

6. Name the SSRI's
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

7. Blepharitis
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Inflammation of the eye follicles

8. Name the carbapenems
NSAIDs (add others here)
Oh yea
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

9. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
NSAIDs (add others here)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Topical against gram +

10. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Atrial septal Appendage
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Pseudomonas

11. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

12. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Great than 500

13. Name the second generation cephalosporin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

14. What is the treatment for HAP
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

15. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Piperacillin (zosyn)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

16. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

17. What is azithromycin used for
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Celexa (Citalopram)

18. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

19. What is Beyes theorem
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Low testosterone may increase risk
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

20. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

21. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
BNP of 100
Low testosterone may increase risk
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

22. prevention of migraines
Great than 500
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Topamax (Topiramate)

23. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

24. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

25. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

26. Scoring system of AFIB
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

27. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Prostate protective (finnish study)

28. How to treat chronic pain
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
BNP of 100
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

29. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

30. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topical against gram +
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

31. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)

32. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Inflammation of the eye follicles

33. Name the first generation cephalosporins
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

34. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Great than 500
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

35. Name the macrolides
Great than 500
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

36. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

37. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

38. How to treat anxiety
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

39. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

40. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

41. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

42. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
NSAIDs (add others here)

43. What are the averse effects of macrolides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

44. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Great than 500
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Oh yea

45. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Inflammation of the eye follicles

46. Treatment for neuropathic pain
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

47. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Atrial septal Appendage

48. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

49. What is the treatment for CAP
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

50. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)