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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Treatment of Migraines
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Oh yea
Great than 500

2. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Inflammation of the eye follicles
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

3. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Oh yea

4. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

5. What are the averse effects of macrolides
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

6. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Pseudomonas
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

7. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Great than 500
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

8. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
BNP of 100
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

9. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Celexa (Citalopram)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

10. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

11. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
1. soy products 2. SSRI

12. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Great than 500
Low testosterone may increase risk
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

13. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Pseudomonas
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

14. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

15. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Great than 500
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

16. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
NSAIDs (add others here)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

17. Name the carbapenems
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

18. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

19. Cycloserine is used against what?
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Prostate protective (finnish study)

20. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Great than 500

21. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Topical against gram +
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

22. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

23. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
IV only

24. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Oh yea
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

25. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Atrial septal Appendage
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Piperacillin (zosyn)

26. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
BNP of 100
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

27. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Oh yea
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

28. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

29. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Piperacillin (zosyn)

30. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
1. soy products 2. SSRI
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

31. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

32. When should you use bacitracin
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Inflammation of the eye follicles
BNP of 100
Topical against gram +

33. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

34. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

35. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Piperacillin (zosyn)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

36. How to treat depression
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Celexa (Citalopram)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

37. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

38. Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Topical against gram +
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

39. What are treatment options for menopause
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Topamax (Topiramate)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

40. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
BNP of 100
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

41. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
NSAIDs (add others here)

42. Name the SSRI's
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

43. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Great than 500
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

44. How to treat anxiety
Atrial septal Appendage
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Low testosterone may increase risk

45. What is Beyes theorem
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

46. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

47. What is the treatment for CAP
BNP of 100
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

48. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

49. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

50. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Amoxicillin Ampicillin