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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

2. What is the bruce protocol?
Topical against gram +
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

3. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Topical against gram +

4. prevention of migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Great than 500

5. Name the aminoglycosides
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

6. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Topamax (Topiramate)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

7. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Exalga (Hydromorphone)

8. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

9. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
BNP of 100

10. What is azithromycin used for
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

11. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

12. Treatment of Migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

13. What is the treatment for CAP
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

14. What are treatment options for menopause
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

15. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

16. Scoring system of AFIB
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

17. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. soy products 2. SSRI

18. What is the determination of a liver transplant
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Topical against gram +
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

19. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Pseudomonas
Oh yea
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

20. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Topical against gram +
Atrial septal Appendage
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

21. How to treat anxiety
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

22. Name the SSRI's
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
IV only
Topical against gram +

23. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

24. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

25. What may dig toxicity induce
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

26. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

27. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Pseudomonas

28. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Great than 500
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Pseudomonas

29. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

30. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Pseudomonas
Piperacillin (zosyn)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

31. Name the tetracyclines
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
1. soy products 2. SSRI

32. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

33. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma

34. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Oh yea
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

35. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

36. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
NSAIDs (add others here)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

37. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

38. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

39. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Oh yea
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

40. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Great than 500
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

41. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Oh yea
Prostate protective (finnish study)

42. When should you use bacitracin
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Celexa (Citalopram)
Topical against gram +

43. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

44. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

45. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

46. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Pseudomonas

47. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Great than 500
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

48. What is Beyes theorem
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

49. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Great than 500
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt

50. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)