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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

2. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

3. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Oh yea

4. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Topical against gram +

5. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
BNP of 100
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

6. How to treat anxiety
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Pseudomonas
1. soy products 2. SSRI

7. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
IV only
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

8. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Topical against gram +
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

9. Name the tetracyclines
Prostate protective (finnish study)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

10. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Oh yea
Atrial septal Appendage
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

11. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

12. What is Beyes theorem
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

13. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
NSAIDs (add others here)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

14. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

15. Treatment of Migraines
Topamax (Topiramate)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

16. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

17. What are treatment options for menopause
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. soy products 2. SSRI
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

18. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Oh yea
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

19. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Great than 500

20. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Great than 500
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

21. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

22. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Low testosterone may increase risk
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

23. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Pseudomonas
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

24. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

25. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

26. What are the key drugs excreted by the kidneys
Low testosterone may increase risk
NSAIDs (add others here)
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

27. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
1. soy products 2. SSRI

28. What is the treatment for CAP
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
BNP of 100
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

29. Name the macrolides
Celexa (Citalopram)
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

30. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

31. When should you use bacitracin
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Topical against gram +

32. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
NSAIDs (add others here)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Great than 500
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

33. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Low testosterone may increase risk
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

34. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

35. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Great than 500
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Topical against gram +

36. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Low testosterone may increase risk
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

37. Name the aminoglycosides
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

38. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Pseudomonas
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

39. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Piperacillin (zosyn)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

40. How to treat chronic pain
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

41. Cycloserine is used against what?
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

42. What are the major causes of microhematuria
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Atrial septal Appendage
Pseudomonas

43. What is azithromycin used for
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Atrial septal Appendage
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

44. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

45. Name the first generation cephalosporins
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV

46. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Topical against gram +
Low testosterone may increase risk

47. prevention of migraines
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Topamax (Topiramate)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH

48. Name the carbapenems
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

49. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

50. Blepharitis
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Inflammation of the eye follicles