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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Great than 500
Oh yea
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

2. Name the carbapenems
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
BNP of 100
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

3. What are the averse effects of macrolides
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

4. Cycloserine is used against what?
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
NSAIDs (add others here)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything

5. What is Beyes theorem
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

6. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Topical against gram +
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)

7. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

8. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

9. What are the bugs associated with community acquired pneumonia
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43

10. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens

11. Treatment for neuropathic pain
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Piperacillin (zosyn)

12. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
1. soy products 2. SSRI
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

13. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox

14. Name the antipseudomonal penicillins
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

15. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

16. How to treat chronic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

17. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

18. When should you begin treating a UTI
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

19. Name the macrolides
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
All patients with a fall hazard potential.

20. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
Piperacillin (zosyn)

21. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

22. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

23. How to treat depression
Celexa (Citalopram)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

24. Scoring system of AFIB
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)

25. What is the treatment for CAP
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.

26. Why is BUN elevated in GI bleeds
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea

27. Name the SSRI's
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

28. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

29. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Celexa (Citalopram)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

30. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Great than 500
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

31. Name the tetracyclines
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

32. How to treat anxiety
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

33. Blepharitis
Piperacillin (zosyn)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

34. Where do the majority of blood clots in the heart form
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Atrial septal Appendage
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)

35. What are treatment options for menopause
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

36. What is the bruce protocol?
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

37. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
NSAIDs (add others here)

38. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Great than 500
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Prostate protective (finnish study)

39. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Great than 500
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Pseudomonas
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

40. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Great than 500
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

41. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

42. Name the 3rd generation cephalosporin
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

43. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

44. Name the long acting benzo's (1-3 days)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

45. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)

46. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Great than 500

47. prevention of migraines
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Topamax (Topiramate)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB

48. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

49. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
IV only
BNP of 100
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

50. Treatment of Migraines
1. soy products 2. SSRI
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)