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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

2. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only

3. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
Great than 500
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

4. What are treatment options for menopause
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Low testosterone may increase risk
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
1. soy products 2. SSRI

5. What is the lab shorthand for blood
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

6. When should you use Vancomycin
Inflammation of the eye follicles
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

7. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Piperacillin (zosyn)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

8. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Piperacillin (zosyn)

9. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Great than 500
Oh yea
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

10. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Piperacillin (zosyn)
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

11. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

12. How to treat chronic pain
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
BNP of 100

13. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Oh yea

14. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

15. What is the determination of a liver transplant
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

16. How to treat anxiety
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Pseudomonas

17. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
NSAIDs (add others here)
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Oh yea
Great than 500

18. Name the macrolides
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
IV only
Pseudomonas
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)

19. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Topamax (Topiramate)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

20. What requires more energy: Diastole or Systole
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Pseudomonas
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

21. What labs are needed when admitting a new patient
1. soy products 2. SSRI
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

22. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
Atrial septal Appendage
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

23. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

24. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
Pseudomonas

25. When should you use bacitracin
Topical against gram +
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Prostate protective (finnish study)
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)

26. What is the treatment for CAP
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

27. How to treat depression
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Celexa (Citalopram)
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

28. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

29. Name the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

30. Cycloserine is used against what?
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

31. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Low testosterone may increase risk

32. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

33. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Low testosterone may increase risk

34. What is the antibiotic spectrum of tetracycline
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

35. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
Great than 500
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

36. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

37. At what interval is the QT considered prolonged
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Great than 500

38. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
NSAIDs (add others here)
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)

39. What are the 2nd generation heterolytic antidepressants
Oh yea
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Pseudomonas

40. What are the toxicity associated with aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Atrial septal Appendage
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)

41. Scoring system of AFIB
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

42. What are the adverse affects of tetracyclines
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
GI Upset - Boney structures and teeth - LIver tox - Photo sensitivity - Vestibular resactions - Renal tox
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)

43. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Prostate protective (finnish study)

44. Name the carbapenems
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

45. Name the tetracyclines
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

46. How are all carbapenems administered
IV only
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

47. What is the lab short hand for electrolytes
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate
Celexa (Citalopram)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose

48. Name the second generation cephalosporin
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones

49. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

50. prevention of migraines
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Oh yea
Topamax (Topiramate)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro

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