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Family Medicine Tips Tricks And Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the extended spectrum penicillins
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Imitrex (Naratriptin) Amerge (Sumatriptin)

2. What organisms with Carbapenems treat agains
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Celexa (Citalopram)
IV only
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile

3. Name the SSRI's
IV only
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)

4. What large group of people is blood thinners contra-indicated
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
Great than 500
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

5. Can Amiodarone lead to a complete loss of thyroid function
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Oh yea
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

6. Name three examples of B-lactamase inhibitors
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

7. What is the mechanism for using cranberry juice for a UTI
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Celexa (Citalopram)
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine

8. What is the clinical Use of clindamycin
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90

9. When should you use bacitracin
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
IV only
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Topical against gram +

10. What is the treatment options for reducing prostate size
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
1st line is Alpha blockers - 2nd line 5-a-reductase inhibitors

11. Name the first generation cephalosporins
1. Strep Pneumo 2. Mycoplasma
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)

12. prevention of migraines
Celexa (Citalopram)
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)
Topamax (Topiramate)
IV only

13. How are all carbapenems administered
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
IV only

14. Treatment options for hyperthyroidism
Inflammation of the eye follicles
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.

15. What is the bruce protocol?
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)
Topical against gram +
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

16. What is the treatment for CAP
Exalga (Hydromorphone)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
NA/K - Cl/CO2 - BUN/Cr - Ca/Glucose
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin

17. Treatment protocol for gall bladder issues
Topical against gram +
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
1. Ultrasound 2. Hidascan 3. Endoscopy

18. Name the tetracyclines
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole
Prostate protective (finnish study)
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)

19. What is the determination of a liver transplant
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
MELD Score: MELD = 3.78[Ln serum bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.2[Ln INR] + 9.57[Ln serum creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture

20. What is the treatment for HAP
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Tetracycline (Symycin) Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Demeclocycline (declomycin) Minocycline (minocin)
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO
Amikacin (amikin) Netilmicin (netromycin) Neomycin (mycifradin) Tobramycin (Nebcin) Gentamycin (Garamycin)

21. What is the mechanism of the 3rd generation heterolytic anti depressants
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Topamax (Topiramate)

22. Name the intermediate acting benzo's (10-20 hours)
Option A. 1. Rocefin 2. zithromax Option B. Levoquin
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

23. Name the carbapenems
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
BNP of 100
Cefaclor (ceclor) - PO - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - PO - Loracarbef (Lorabid) - PO - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotan) - IV - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) - IV - Cefuroxime (Zinacef) - IV

24. What may dig toxicity induce
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
PAT (Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
NSAIDs (add others here)

25. Name the macrolides
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Chlordiazepoxide (librium) Diazepam (Valium) Fluorazepam (Dalmane)
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

26. 1st gen cephalosporins treat what organisms
All patients with a fall hazard potential.
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)

27. What organisms can be treated by 2nd Generation cephalosporins
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)
Venlafaxine (Effexor) Nefazodone (Serzone) Mirtazopine (Remeron)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

28. What are the averse effects of macrolides
Atrial septal Appendage
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Neurontin (Gabipentin) Lyrica (Pregabalin)

29. What is the cutoff value for determination of COPD vs CHF?
IV only
Pseudomonas
BNP of 100
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

30. What is the lab shorthand for blood
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
GI Upset - Cholestatic hepatitis - allergic reaction - prolonged qt
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES

31. What is the Common bacteria associated with hospital acquired pneumonia
Inflammation of the eye follicles
Pseudomonas
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
Low testosterone may increase risk

32. What are the major causes of microhematuria
Cefadroxil (duricef)- Oral - cephalexin (keflex) - Oral - Cephradine (Velosef) - Oral - Cefazolin (Ancef) - IV
TIGHTS: Trauma - Infection - Glomerulonephritis - HTN - Tumor - Stones
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

33. How to treat anxiety
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin

34. How do you treat hyponatremia in the elderly
Symptomatic and when the colony count is greater than 100 -000
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max
1. Hydration 2. Increase salts 3. Steroids 4. Alpha agonist (midodrine)
Amoxicillin Ampicillin

35. What are the clinical indications of aztreonam (azactam)
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
Aerobic gram negative rods (pseudomonas - klebsiella - serratia)
Oh yea
Cefoperazone (cefobid) - IV - Cefotaxime (Claforan) - IV - Ceftazidime (Fortaz) - IV - Ceftizoximine (Cefizox) - IV - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - IV - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - PO - Cefdinir (Omnicef) - PO - Ceftibuten (Cedax) - PO

36. What is the glucose to A1C conversion estimates
A1C of 7 = Glucose of 150; A1C of 6 = Glucose of 120; A1C of 5 = Glucose of 90
Low testosterone may increase risk
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
Prostate protective (finnish study)

37. What is natural penicillin used to treat
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
Atrial septal Appendage
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides

38. What is a good cocktail for a steroid injection?
1. 0.5 cc Lidocaine 2. 0.5 cc Marcaine 3. 2.0 cc Depot-medrol; Check up to date for a better mixture
Zoloft (Sertraline) or Xanax (Alprazolam)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Protocol used for an echo stress test. Treadmill is increased 2 degrees. Max heart rate is 220-age. The target on a stress test is 85% of max

39. Name the short acting benzo's (2-8 hours)
Triazolam (halcion) oxcizepam (serax) midazolam (Versed) Clonazepam (klonipin)
Pseudomonas
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Imipenem (Primaxin) Meropenem (merrem)

40. Can an atypical antipsychotic be used for anxiety
OH YEA; Seraquel (quetiapine)
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that cranberry juice inhibits adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cells. The mediators of this anti-adherence effect may be fructose - which could interfere with adhesion of type 1 fimbriated E. coli to uro
Topamax (Topiramate)
Bacteriostatic against - Gram positive - Gram negative - Anaerobes - chlamydiae - Mycoplasma - Rickettsiae

41. What is Beyes theorem
WBC>HG/HCT<pH
Pretest probability = post test probability; With low pretest probability you will do nothing - while with high pretest probability you will do everything
Block serotonin and nor epinephrine
Oh yea

42. How does testosterone correlate to CAD
Low testosterone may increase risk
Erythromycin (E-mycin) - Clarithromycin (Biaxin) - Azithromycin (Zithromax)
IV only
HEN PECK (H. Influenzae - Enterobacter - Neisseria and the PECK from the first generation)

43. What is the therapeutic use for aminoglycosides
Blood is digested in the GI tract forming Urea
Fluoxetine (prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (paxil) Fluvoxamine (luvox) Citalopram (celexa) Excitalopram (lexapro)
E. Coli - Enterobacter - klebsiella and pseudomonas; DO NOT COVER ANAEROBES
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction

44. Scoring system of AFIB
Diastole requires more energy. Systole (contraction) is a downhill gradient while diastole requires ATP - ST Segment changes on an EKG is due to diastolic changes - 1st symptoms of an MI is due to diastolic dysfunction
CHAD S2 Score: Congestive Heart Failure - Hypertension - Age > 75 - Diabetes Mellitus - Stroke (Prior)
All gram positive - gram negative - anaerobic organism. Exceptions include MRSA - VRE - C. Difficile
GRAM + and PECK: Gram positive (Pneumococci - streptococcus and staphylococcus) - Gram Negative bacilli (Proteus - E. Coli - Klebsiella)

45. What is a good chemotherapy treatment option for pancreatic cancer
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
NSAIDs (add others here)
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib

46. What additional benefit my statins serve to the male population
Prostate protective (finnish study)
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Severe infections by anaerobic bacteria:bacteroides fragilis - streptococci - staphylococci - pneumococci - Clostridium perfringens
Methimazole - PropylThioUracil - Tapazole

47. Name the 4th generation cephalosporin
Trazodone (desyrel) Buproprion (wellbutrin)
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Nephrotoxicity - Ototoxicity - NMB
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only

48. Cycloserine is used against what?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that are resistant to first line drugs.
Alternative for penicillin allergic patients: gram positives (less than erythromycin) - H INfluenza - M. Catarrhalis - Mycobacterium avium - mycoplasma - legionella - C. trachomatis - Corynebacterium diptheria - B. Pertusis.
Cefepine (maxipine) - IV Only
CMP - CBC - Chest Xray - EKG - Sed Rate

49. What organisms can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin
Gemcitabine either alone or in combination with erlotinib
Temazepam (Restron) Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (xanax)
HEN PECK + Pseudomonas - Enterobacter - citerobacter and providencia

50. When should you use Vancomycin
MRSA and Severe infections. IV Only
Streptococci Meningococci Clostridium Listeria Enterococci Diptheria Anthrax Syphilis Spirochetes Actinomycosis Bacteroides
Clavulonic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam
1. Flouroquine 2. Zosyn 3. Vancomycin