Test your basic knowledge |

Finance Basics

Subject : business-skills
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Investor psychology is examined in an effort to determine if stock prices have been bid up to unreasonable heights in a speculative bubble or driven down to unreasonable lows in a fit of irrational pessimism






2. What investors DO expect given the limited information they actually have






3. The issue of whether stock and bond markets at any given time are 'too high' or 'too low' or 'about right' - Behavioral Finance is a tool often used to aid in this analysis






4. A company's attitude and conduct toward its employees - customers - community - and stockholders






5. Focuses on decisions concerning stocks and bonds and includes a number of activities - 1) Security Analysis - 2) Portfolio Theory - & 3) Market Analysis






6. Current assets - Current liabilities






7. 1 for the IRS - the other for reporting to investors






8. Represents the amount that stockholders paid the company when shares were purchased and the amount or earnings the company has retained since its origination


9. For example - based on 50% probability of failure/success and current bond value of $1000 - a current stock price of $10 and projected new stock price of $2000 if successful






10. An individual who targets a corporation for takeover because it is undervalued






11. New investments - raise funds through financing - repurchased debt or equity - or paid dividends. How much cash the firm started the year with - how much it ended up with and what it did to increase or decrease its cash. A report that shows how th






12. Regulates the trading of stocks and bonds in public markets






13. Indicates how large a company is. What assets the company owns & who has claims on those assets as of a given date. Displayed in 2 columns with the assets (what the company owns) on the left side and the firms liabilities and equity on the right side






14. A relatively new type of organization that is a hybrid between a partnership and a corporation. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships. Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






15. Receive fix payments regardless of how well the company does - often in conflict with stockholders






16. Situation in which the actual market price equals the intrinsic value so investors are indifferent between buying or selling a stock






17. An unincorporated business owned by 2 or more persons. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the






18. Financial Management - Capital Markets - & Investments






19. Dividends paid to common shareholders / Common shares outstanding






20. Stock value based on 'perceived' but possibly incorrect information as seen by the marginal investor






21. Accomplished through a combination of current liabilities - long-term debt - and common equity






22. How did sales perform and did it make a profit? A report summarizing a firm's revenues - expenses and profits during a reporting period (generally a quarter or a year)






23. Indicates a rapidly growing company (investing in new assets) which is ok as long as the company eventually utilizes the assets to become profitable and contribute to its FCF






24. Receive more when the company does better - often in conflict with bondholders






25. Charge used to reflect the cost of long term assets used up in the production process over their useful life (not a cash outlay). Accelerated generally used for the IRS and straight line for investors






26. Sales revenues - operating costs (including depreciation & amoritizaton)






27. Issued annually by a corporation to its stockholders - containing basic financial statements as well as management's analysis of the firm's past operations and future prospects. Provides 4 basic reports - Balance Sheet - Income Statement - Stateme






28. A special designation that allows small businesses that meet qualifications to be taxed as if they were a proprietorship or a partnership rather than a corporation - exempt from corporate tax - must have less than 100 stockholders to qualify






29. Debt securities that give the bondholder an option to exchange their bonds for shares of common stock






30. An investor whose views determine the actual stock price






31. The best way to structure portfolios or 'baskets' of stocks and bonds






32. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payables)






33. Earnings Before Interest - Taxes - Depreciation & Amoritization = Sales revenues - operating costs






34. Law passed by Congress that requires CEO's & CFO's to certify their firms financial statements are accurate and deal with the consequences if the statements are not accurate






35. What investors would expect if they had all of the information that existed about a company






36. Acquisition of a company over the opposition of its management






37. Regulates banks and controls the supply of money






38. A legal entity created by a state - separate and distinct from its owners and managers - having unlimited life - easy transferability of ownership an limited liability. Major drawback is double taxation - earnings are taxed and dividends paid out






39. Cumulative total of all earnings kept by the company during its life - a claim against assets - they do not represent cash on the balance sheet






40. Amount of cash that could be withdrawn from a firm without harming its ability to operate and to produce future cash flows/ how much cash a firm can distribute to its investors - [ EBIT x (1-T) + Depreciation & Amoritization] - [Capital expenditures






41. Success (0.5 x $2000) + Failure (0.50 x $0) = $1 - 000 (New Stock Price)






42. Similar to an LLC but used for professional firms in the fields of accounting - law - and architecture. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships.Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






43. Shows the amount of equity the stockholders had at the start of the year - the items that increased or decreased it and the equity at the end of the year


44. Profit a company would generate if it had no debt and held only operating assets - = EBIT x (1-T)






45. Finding the proper values of individual securities






46. An estimate of a stock's 'true' value based on accurate risk adn return data - it can be estimated but not measured precisely - estimate by stock analysts - a long term concept - management should maximize this value not the market price






47. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payable)






48. 1) Increased globalization of business 2) Ever improving information technology 3) Corporate governance (the way top managers operate and interface with stockholders)






49. SE = Paid-in Capital + Retained Earnings or SE = Total Assets - Total Liabilities


50. 1) Limited liability reduces the risks borne by investors - the lower the risk - the higher the value. 2) Firm's value is dependent on its growth opportunities - less risk easier to attract investor - more money more growth opportunities. 3) Valu