Test your basic knowledge |

Finance Basics

Subject : business-skills
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A legal entity created by a state - separate and distinct from its owners and managers - having unlimited life - easy transferability of ownership an limited liability. Major drawback is double taxation - earnings are taxed and dividends paid out






2. Total common equity / Common shares outstanding






3. Usually considered a debt (fixed charge) by stockholders and equity by bondholders. A hybrid between convertible bonds and long-term leases






4. Similar to an LLC but used for professional firms in the fields of accounting - law - and architecture. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships.Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






5. Net income / Common shares outstanding






6. Indicates how large a company is. What assets the company owns & who has claims on those assets as of a given date. Displayed in 2 columns with the assets (what the company owns) on the left side and the firms liabilities and equity on the right side






7. Amount of cash that could be withdrawn from a firm without harming its ability to operate and to produce future cash flows/ how much cash a firm can distribute to its investors - [ EBIT x (1-T) + Depreciation & Amoritization] - [Capital expenditures






8. For example - based on 50% probability of failure/success and current bond value of $1000 - a current stock price of $10 and projected new stock price of $2000 if successful






9. Investor psychology is examined in an effort to determine if stock prices have been bid up to unreasonable heights in a speculative bubble or driven down to unreasonable lows in a fit of irrational pessimism






10. Shows the amount of equity the stockholders had at the start of the year - the items that increased or decreased it and the equity at the end of the year


11. Debt securities that give the bondholder an option to exchange their bonds for shares of common stock






12. Regulates the trading of stocks and bonds in public markets






13. Stock value based on 'perceived' but possibly incorrect information as seen by the marginal investor






14. Sales revenues - operating costs (including depreciation & amoritizaton)






15. The markets where interest rates - along with stock and bond prices are determined






16. Receive more when the company does better - often in conflict with bondholders






17. Focuses on decisions relating to how much and what types of assets to acquire - how to raise the capital needed to purchase assets - and how to run the firm so as to maximize its value






18. How did sales perform and did it make a profit? A report summarizing a firm's revenues - expenses and profits during a reporting period (generally a quarter or a year)






19. An unincorporated business owned by 2 or more persons. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the






20. Receive fix payments regardless of how well the company does - often in conflict with stockholders






21. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payable)






22. Issued annually by a corporation to its stockholders - containing basic financial statements as well as management's analysis of the firm's past operations and future prospects. Provides 4 basic reports - Balance Sheet - Income Statement - Stateme






23. 1) Increased globalization of business 2) Ever improving information technology 3) Corporate governance (the way top managers operate and interface with stockholders)






24. A company's attitude and conduct toward its employees - customers - community - and stockholders






25. Regulates banks and controls the supply of money






26. Categorized as current assets because are used & then replaced






27. An uninicorporated business owned by one individual. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the bu






28. Expected % Gain of Stock Price = Increase of stock $ less original stock $ ($1 - 000 - $10) divided by original stock price (/ $10 x 100%) (100% is a constant)






29. A special designation that allows small businesses that meet qualifications to be taxed as if they were a proprietorship or a partnership rather than a corporation - exempt from corporate tax - must have less than 100 stockholders to qualify






30. An estimate of a stock's 'true' value based on accurate risk adn return data - it can be estimated but not measured precisely - estimate by stock analysts - a long term concept - management should maximize this value not the market price






31. Accomplished through a combination of current liabilities - long-term debt - and common equity






32. Situation in which the actual market price equals the intrinsic value so investors are indifferent between buying or selling a stock






33. Profit a company would generate if it had no debt and held only operating assets - = EBIT x (1-T)






34. 1 for the IRS - the other for reporting to investors






35. Law passed by Congress that requires CEO's & CFO's to certify their firms financial statements are accurate and deal with the consequences if the statements are not accurate






36. Financial Management - Capital Markets - & Investments






37. Sole Proprietorships - Partnerships - Corporations (incl. S Corp. and Non-profits - Limited Liability Companies (LLC) and Limited Liability Partnerships






38. An investor whose views determine the actual stock price






39. Represents the amount that stockholders paid the company when shares were purchased and the amount or earnings the company has retained since its origination


40. A non-cash charge similar to depreciation except that it is used to write off the costs of intangible assets over their useful life






41. SE = Paid-in Capital + Retained Earnings or SE = Total Assets - Total Liabilities


42. Finding the proper values of individual securities






43. The issue of whether stock and bond markets at any given time are 'too high' or 'too low' or 'about right' - Behavioral Finance is a tool often used to aid in this analysis






44. The primary goal for managers of publicly owned companies implies that decisions should be made to maximize the long-run value of the firm's common stock. Corporate social responsibility is not inconsistent with maximizing shareholder value






45. Current assets - Current liabilities






46. Cumulative total of all earnings kept by the company during its life - a claim against assets - they do not represent cash on the balance sheet






47. Acquisition of a company over the opposition of its management






48. The best way to structure portfolios or 'baskets' of stocks and bonds






49. Focuses on decisions concerning stocks and bonds and includes a number of activities - 1) Security Analysis - 2) Portfolio Theory - & 3) Market Analysis






50. An individual who targets a corporation for takeover because it is undervalued