Test your basic knowledge |

Finance Basics

Subject : business-skills
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How did sales perform and did it make a profit? A report summarizing a firm's revenues - expenses and profits during a reporting period (generally a quarter or a year)






2. A company's attitude and conduct toward its employees - customers - community - and stockholders






3. Indicates how large a company is. What assets the company owns & who has claims on those assets as of a given date. Displayed in 2 columns with the assets (what the company owns) on the left side and the firms liabilities and equity on the right side






4. Charge used to reflect the cost of long term assets used up in the production process over their useful life (not a cash outlay). Accelerated generally used for the IRS and straight line for investors






5. Total common equity / Common shares outstanding






6. Regulates banks and controls the supply of money






7. The best way to structure portfolios or 'baskets' of stocks and bonds






8. Law passed by Congress that requires CEO's & CFO's to certify their firms financial statements are accurate and deal with the consequences if the statements are not accurate






9. Focuses on decisions concerning stocks and bonds and includes a number of activities - 1) Security Analysis - 2) Portfolio Theory - & 3) Market Analysis






10. An estimate of a stock's 'true' value based on accurate risk adn return data - it can be estimated but not measured precisely - estimate by stock analysts - a long term concept - management should maximize this value not the market price






11. The primary goal for managers of publicly owned companies implies that decisions should be made to maximize the long-run value of the firm's common stock. Corporate social responsibility is not inconsistent with maximizing shareholder value






12. Usually considered a debt (fixed charge) by stockholders and equity by bondholders. A hybrid between convertible bonds and long-term leases






13. Categorized as current assets because are used & then replaced






14. 1 for the IRS - the other for reporting to investors






15. A relatively new type of organization that is a hybrid between a partnership and a corporation. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships. Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






16. Principal task is to evaluate proposed decisions and judge how they will affect the stock price and thus shareholder wealth. Success or lack thereof of projects can determine the stock prices






17. A special designation that allows small businesses that meet qualifications to be taxed as if they were a proprietorship or a partnership rather than a corporation - exempt from corporate tax - must have less than 100 stockholders to qualify






18. Issued annually by a corporation to its stockholders - containing basic financial statements as well as management's analysis of the firm's past operations and future prospects. Provides 4 basic reports - Balance Sheet - Income Statement - Stateme






19. Acquisition of a company over the opposition of its management






20. An individual who targets a corporation for takeover because it is undervalued






21. Similar to an LLC but used for professional firms in the fields of accounting - law - and architecture. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships.Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






22. Profit a company would generate if it had no debt and held only operating assets - = EBIT x (1-T)






23. Represents the amount that stockholders paid the company when shares were purchased and the amount or earnings the company has retained since its origination


24. Earnings Before Interest - Taxes - Depreciation & Amoritization = Sales revenues - operating costs






25. The markets where interest rates - along with stock and bond prices are determined






26. Cumulative total of all earnings kept by the company during its life - a claim against assets - they do not represent cash on the balance sheet






27. An unincorporated business owned by 2 or more persons. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the






28. The larger the expected cash flows - and the lower the perceived risk the higher the stock's price






29. Current assets - Current liabilities






30. Indicates a rapidly growing company (investing in new assets) which is ok as long as the company eventually utilizes the assets to become profitable and contribute to its FCF






31. The issue of whether stock and bond markets at any given time are 'too high' or 'too low' or 'about right' - Behavioral Finance is a tool often used to aid in this analysis






32. An uninicorporated business owned by one individual. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the bu






33. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payable)






34. Net income / Common shares outstanding






35. What investors would expect if they had all of the information that existed about a company






36. Shows the amount of equity the stockholders had at the start of the year - the items that increased or decreased it and the equity at the end of the year


37. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payables)






38. Receive fix payments regardless of how well the company does - often in conflict with stockholders






39. Sole Proprietorships - Partnerships - Corporations (incl. S Corp. and Non-profits - Limited Liability Companies (LLC) and Limited Liability Partnerships






40. For example - based on 50% probability of failure/success and current bond value of $1000 - a current stock price of $10 and projected new stock price of $2000 if successful






41. Focuses on decisions relating to how much and what types of assets to acquire - how to raise the capital needed to purchase assets - and how to run the firm so as to maximize its value






42. Financial Management - Capital Markets - & Investments






43. Receive more when the company does better - often in conflict with bondholders






44. Bears = pessimists - Bulls = optimists






45. Finding the proper values of individual securities






46. Regulates the trading of stocks and bonds in public markets






47. A legal entity created by a state - separate and distinct from its owners and managers - having unlimited life - easy transferability of ownership an limited liability. Major drawback is double taxation - earnings are taxed and dividends paid out






48. Amount of cash that could be withdrawn from a firm without harming its ability to operate and to produce future cash flows/ how much cash a firm can distribute to its investors - [ EBIT x (1-T) + Depreciation & Amoritization] - [Capital expenditures






49. A non-cash charge similar to depreciation except that it is used to write off the costs of intangible assets over their useful life






50. Sales revenues - operating costs (including depreciation & amoritizaton)