Test your basic knowledge |

Finance Basics

Subject : business-skills
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Current assets - Current liabilities






2. An unincorporated business owned by 2 or more persons. 3 advantages - Easy and inexpensive to form - subject to few government regulations - and subject to lower income taxes than corporations. 3 disadvantages - Unlimited personal liability for the






3. Indicates a rapidly growing company (investing in new assets) which is ok as long as the company eventually utilizes the assets to become profitable and contribute to its FCF






4. The markets where interest rates - along with stock and bond prices are determined






5. SE = Paid-in Capital + Retained Earnings or SE = Total Assets - Total Liabilities


6. An estimate of a stock's 'true' value based on accurate risk adn return data - it can be estimated but not measured precisely - estimate by stock analysts - a long term concept - management should maximize this value not the market price






7. Focuses on decisions concerning stocks and bonds and includes a number of activities - 1) Security Analysis - 2) Portfolio Theory - & 3) Market Analysis






8. Sole Proprietorships - Partnerships - Corporations (incl. S Corp. and Non-profits - Limited Liability Companies (LLC) and Limited Liability Partnerships






9. Profit a company would generate if it had no debt and held only operating assets - = EBIT x (1-T)






10. The value of any asset is the present value or the stream of cash flows that the asset provides to its owners over time. In general the valuation is different if it is the 'market value' or the 'book value'






11. 1 for the IRS - the other for reporting to investors






12. Law passed by Congress that requires CEO's & CFO's to certify their firms financial statements are accurate and deal with the consequences if the statements are not accurate






13. Indicates how large a company is. What assets the company owns & who has claims on those assets as of a given date. Displayed in 2 columns with the assets (what the company owns) on the left side and the firms liabilities and equity on the right side






14. Investor psychology is examined in an effort to determine if stock prices have been bid up to unreasonable heights in a speculative bubble or driven down to unreasonable lows in a fit of irrational pessimism






15. Charge used to reflect the cost of long term assets used up in the production process over their useful life (not a cash outlay). Accelerated generally used for the IRS and straight line for investors






16. Debt securities that give the bondholder an option to exchange their bonds for shares of common stock






17. An individual who targets a corporation for takeover because it is undervalued






18. The primary goal for managers of publicly owned companies implies that decisions should be made to maximize the long-run value of the firm's common stock. Corporate social responsibility is not inconsistent with maximizing shareholder value






19. An investor whose views determine the actual stock price






20. Net income / Common shares outstanding






21. Regulates banks and controls the supply of money






22. What investors would expect if they had all of the information that existed about a company






23. The larger the expected cash flows - and the lower the perceived risk the higher the stock's price






24. Similar to an LLC but used for professional firms in the fields of accounting - law - and architecture. It has limited liability like corporations - but is taxed like partnerships.Investors have votes in proportion to their share of ownership






25. Shows the amount of equity the stockholders had at the start of the year - the items that increased or decreased it and the equity at the end of the year


26. For example - based on 50% probability of failure/success and current bond value of $1000 - a current stock price of $10 and projected new stock price of $2000 if successful






27. Receive more when the company does better - often in conflict with bondholders






28. Total common equity / Common shares outstanding






29. Represents the amount that stockholders paid the company when shares were purchased and the amount or earnings the company has retained since its origination


30. Categorized as current assets because are used & then replaced






31. Expected % Gain of Stock Price = Increase of stock $ less original stock $ ($1 - 000 - $10) divided by original stock price (/ $10 x 100%) (100% is a constant)






32. Stock value based on 'perceived' but possibly incorrect information as seen by the marginal investor






33. A special designation that allows small businesses that meet qualifications to be taxed as if they were a proprietorship or a partnership rather than a corporation - exempt from corporate tax - must have less than 100 stockholders to qualify






34. A legal entity created by a state - separate and distinct from its owners and managers - having unlimited life - easy transferability of ownership an limited liability. Major drawback is double taxation - earnings are taxed and dividends paid out






35. Focuses on decisions relating to how much and what types of assets to acquire - how to raise the capital needed to purchase assets - and how to run the firm so as to maximize its value






36. New investments - raise funds through financing - repurchased debt or equity - or paid dividends. How much cash the firm started the year with - how much it ended up with and what it did to increase or decrease its cash. A report that shows how th






37. Sales revenues - operating costs (including depreciation & amoritizaton)






38. What investors DO expect given the limited information they actually have






39. How did sales perform and did it make a profit? A report summarizing a firm's revenues - expenses and profits during a reporting period (generally a quarter or a year)






40. Dividends paid to common shareholders / Common shares outstanding






41. Amount of cash that could be withdrawn from a firm without harming its ability to operate and to produce future cash flows/ how much cash a firm can distribute to its investors - [ EBIT x (1-T) + Depreciation & Amoritization] - [Capital expenditures






42. The issue of whether stock and bond markets at any given time are 'too high' or 'too low' or 'about right' - Behavioral Finance is a tool often used to aid in this analysis






43. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payables)






44. Accomplished through a combination of current liabilities - long-term debt - and common equity






45. Usually considered a debt (fixed charge) by stockholders and equity by bondholders. A hybrid between convertible bonds and long-term leases






46. Success (0.5 x $2000) + Failure (0.50 x $0) = $1 - 000 (New Stock Price)






47. Earnings Before Interest - Taxes - Depreciation & Amoritization = Sales revenues - operating costs






48. The best way to structure portfolios or 'baskets' of stocks and bonds






49. Current assets - (Current liabilities - Notes payable)






50. Regulates the trading of stocks and bonds in public markets