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First Aid Basics

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. During embryogenesis - hormone induction and atrophy. Increased mitochondrial permeability and cytochrome c release. Increase Bax (pro - apoptotic) - decreased Bcl -2 (anti - apopotic).
L- myc gene
CA-125
intrinsic apoptosis
WT1 gene

2. Hyperuricemia (excess NA turnover)
BRAC2 gene
bone benign tumor
paraneoplastic effects of leukemias and lymphomas
smooth muscle benign tumor

3. Breast cancer 13q tumor suppressor (DNA repair protein)
BRAC2 gene
benign >1 cell type tumor
intrinsic apoptosis
Leukocyte extravasation: rolling

4. Lung - breast - skin (melanoma) - kidney (renal cell carcinoma) - GI.50% brain tumors are from mets
Primary tumors that met to brain
paraneoplastic effects of small cell lung carcinoma
Acute inflammatory mediators
asbestos target

5. Lymphoma

6. Burkitt's lymphoma transcription factor (oncogene)
malignant epithelial tumor
Bombesin
Alkylating agents target
c - myc gene

7. Osteoma
bone benign tumor
radiation exposure
Colon and rectal cancer incidence
c - kit gene

8. Visceral malignancy (stomach - lung - breast - uterus)
acanthosis nigricans (hyperpig and epidermal thickening)
DPC gene
AIDS
extrinsic apoptosis

9. Infections - inflammation - cancer - pregnancy - SLE
Prostatic acid phosphatase
fat benign tumor
S-100
causes of increased ESR

10. Liver (centrilobular necrosis - fatty change)
Alk - phos
causes of decreased ESR
CCl4 target
iron poisoning

11. Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
Neoplasm associated with actinic keratosis
S-100
Second - leading cause of death in the US
Acute inflammatory mediators

12. Solid tissues with single blood supply. Heart - kidney and spleen.
causes of increased ESR
Pale infarcts
cirrosis (alcohol - hepB or C)
Neoplasm associated with chronic atrophic gastritis - pernicious anemia - postsurgical gastric remants

13. Hyperplasia - metaplasia - dysplasia
ret gene
Neoplasm associated with Down Syndrome
Reversible - plasias
secondary amyloidosis (reactive systemic)

14. Most human cancers - specifically Li - Fraumeni syndrome 17p tumor suppressor (blocks G1 to S phase progression)
primary amyloidosis
Resolution of inflammation
granulomatous disease
p53 gene

15. Tumor marker: ovarian - malignant epithelial tumors.
NF2 gene
causes of decreased ESR
CA-125
malignant epithelial tumor

16. Tumor marker: Hydatifiform moles - choriocarcinomas - gestational trophoblastic tumors.
vinyl chloride target
nitrosamines (smoked foods) target
CEA
beta - hCG

17. Lung (mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma)
Irreversible - plasias
extrinsic apoptosis
asbestos target
Paget's bone disease

18. Colon>stomach>pancreas>breast>lung (liver and lung are the most common places for mets)
Primary tumors that met to liver
Leading cause of death in the US
bone malignant tumor
blood cell malignant tumors

19. 32%/13% male
granulomatous disease
CCl4 target
Free radical cell damage
prostate cancer incidence/mortality

20. Leiomyosarcoma
calcitonin
smooth muscle malignant tumor
Alk - phos
malignant >1 cell type tumor

21. Anaplasia - neoplasia - desmoplasia (fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm)
Rb gene
Free radical eliminators
radiation exposure
Irreversible - plasias

22. Lipoma
c - kit gene
beta - hCG
malignant epithelial tumor
fat benign tumor

23. AA
Leukocyte extravasation: migration
secondary amyloidosis (reactive systemic)
Colon and rectal cancer incidence
N- myc gene

24. Blood (leukemia)
nitrosamines (smoked foods) target
Where you see Psammoma bodies
smooth muscle malignant tumor
Alkylating agents target

25. Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas anti - apoptotic molecule (oncogene)
bcl -2 gene
blood cell malignant tumors
Prostatic acid phosphatase
Primary tumors that met to liver

26. Rhabdomyoma
acanthosis nigricans (hyperpig and epidermal thickening)
aflatoxin target
skeletal muscle benign tumor
Neoplasm associated with actinic keratosis

27. Tumor marker: neuroblastoma - lung and gastric cancer
Autoimmune (Hashimoto's - myasthenia gravis)
Bombesin
p53 gene
blood cell malignant tumors

28. Tumor marker: mets to bone - obstructive biliary disease - Paget's
bone malignant tumor
DPC gene
TRAP
Alk - phos

29. Restoration of normal structure - granulation tissue (vascularized + fibrosis) - abscess (fibrosis + pus) - fistula or scarring (collagen).
cirrosis (alcohol - hepB or C)
Leukocyte extravasation: rolling
Pale infarcts
Resolution of inflammation

30. Tumor marker: Screen for prostate carcinoma. Can also be elevated in BPH and prostatitis.
Rb gene
skeletal muscle benign tumor
erb - B2 gene
PSA

31. Adenocarcinoma - papillary carcinoma
ras gene
malignant epithelial tumor
skeletal muscle malignant tumor
AIDS

32. Tumor marker: carcinoembryonic Ag Very nonspecific
Necrosis
CEA
Alkylating agents target
vinyl chloride target

33. Female 13%/23% and rising Male 16%/33% (mortality has plateaued)
lung cancer incidence/mortality
malignant >1 cell type tumor
extrinsic apoptosis
asbestos target

34. Neurofibromatosis type 1 17q tumor suppressor
Second - leading cause of death in the US
NF1 gene
CCl4 target
calcitonin

35. Hepatocellular carcinoma
BRAC2 gene
Prostatic acid phosphatase
cirrosis (alcohol - hepB or C)
primary amyloidosis

36. ACTH or ACTH- like peptide
PSA
paraneoplastic effects of small cell lung carcinoma
WT1 gene
Chronic inflammatory mediators

37. All - AML
cirrosis (alcohol - hepB or C)
Pale infarcts
Neoplasm associated with Down Syndrome
extrinsic apoptosis

38. Wilms' tumor 11p tumor suppressor
WT1 gene
Resolution of inflammation
Neoplasm associated with tuberous sclerosis (facial angiofibroma - seizures - mental retardation)
ras gene

39. Tumor marker: melanoma - neural tumors - astrocytomas
S-100
BRAC2 gene
DCC gene
CCl4 target

40. 32%/18% female
BRCA1 gene
cirrosis (alcohol - hepB or C)
CEA
breast cancer incidence/mortality

41. Caused by peroxidation of membrane lipids. Causes acute gastric bleeding and chronic metabolic acidosis and scarring.
Paget's bone disease
Acute inflammatory mediators
ret gene
iron poisoning

42. Mature teratoma in men or malignant teratoma in M/F
blood vessels malignant tumor
malignant >1 cell type tumor
cigarette smoke target
NF2 gene

43. Esophagus - stomach
asbestos target
causes of decreased ESR
Chronic inflammatory mediators
nitrosamines (smoked foods) target

44. Malignant melanoma
dysplastic nevus
Plummer - Vinson syndrome (atrophic glossitis - esophageal webs - anemia)
BRCA1 gene
paraneoplastic effects of renal cell carcinoma - hemangioblastoma

45. Neutrophils (eos in the gut) - plus other granular leukocytes and antibodies.
arsenic target
Neoplasm associated with tuberous sclerosis (facial angiofibroma - seizures - mental retardation)
aflatoxin target
Acute inflammatory mediators

46. Female 13% Male 12%
blood cell malignant tumors
Napthalene (aniline) dyes target
Colon and rectal cancer incidence
Plummer - Vinson syndrome (atrophic glossitis - esophageal webs - anemia)

47. Malignant lymphoma
immunodeficiency states
NF2 gene
ras gene
Primary tumors that met to bone

48. Gastric adenocacinoma
Neoplasm associated with Down Syndrome
Leukocyte extravasation: rolling
Neoplasm associated with chronic atrophic gastritis - pernicious anemia - postsurgical gastric remants
ulcerative colitis

49. Liver (hepatocellular carcinoma)
aflatoxin target
Irreversible - plasias
malignant epithelial tumor
Prostatic acid phosphatase

50. Enzymatic degradation and protein denaturation due to exogenous injury. Inflammatory process where intracellular components extravasate.
Leukocyte extravasation: tight binding
NF1 gene
Necrosis
alpha - fetoprotein