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First Aid: Classic/relevant Treatments

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Ringworm infections
SSRIs
Leuprolide - GnRH (continuous)
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Terbinafine - griseofulvin - imidazole

2. UTI prophylaxis
Leuprolide - GnRH (pulsatile)
TMP- SMX
Statin (first - line)
Octreotide

3. Malaria
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont) Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
Erythromycin
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection) - erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Penicillin prophylaxis

4. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)
Heparin
Vitamin D supplementation
Octreotide

5. Neural tube defect prevention
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Tetracycline - chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
Beta- interferon
Folate

6. Streptococcus bovis
Tetracycline - chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
Aromatase inhibitor
Penicillin prophylaxis
Statin (first - line)

7. Trichomonas vaginalis
Indomethacin
Buspirone
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Beta- interferon

8. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
Sublingual nitroglycerin
All - trans retinoic acid
Statin (first - line)
5- HT2A antagonists (e.g. - olanzapine)

9. Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman
Mifepristone
Fluids - insulin - K+
Ethosuximide
Aromatase inhibitor

10. Pheochromocytoma
A - antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine
TMP- SMX
Lithium - valproate - carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

11. Alcohol withdrawal
Smoking cessation
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont) Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
Dietary intervention - oral hypoglycemic - and insulin (possible)
Benzodiazepines

12. Warfarin toxicity
Beta- interferon
Cyclophosphamide - corticosteroids
Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (chronic)
Spironolactone

13. Clostridium difficile
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection - pneumonia) Vancomycin (meningitis)
Oral metronidazole
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (chronic)

14. Cystic fibrosis
Beta- interferon
N- acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
D2 receptor antagonists
Central: desmopressin Nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide - indomethacin - amiloride

15. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Warfarin
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection - pneumonia) Vancomycin (meningitis)
Heparin
Vancomycin

16. Prostate carcinoma
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine - mexiletine - tocainide)
D2 receptor antagonists
Flutamide
Central: desmopressin Nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide - indomethacin - amiloride

17. MRSA
Dietary intervention - oral hypoglycemic - and insulin (possible)
Folate
Penicillin prophylaxis
Vancomycin

18. Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine
All - trans retinoic acid
Smoking cessation
Tamsulosin - finasteride

19. Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
High - dose steroids
Penicillin/ceftriaxone - rifampin (prophylaxis)
D2 receptor antagonists
Beta- interferon

20. Anxiety
Dantrolene
TMP- SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
Buspirone
Tamoxifen

21. Hypertriglyceridemia
A - antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
Amphotericin B (systemic) - nystatin (oral thrush - esophagitis)
Warfarin
Fibrate

22. Hemorrhagic cystitis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone - rifampin (prophylaxis)
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection - pneumonia) Vancomycin (meningitis)
Mesna (Mesna is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and hematuria when a patient receives ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide for cancer chemotherapy)
Lithium - valproate - carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

23. Absence seizures
Ethosuximide
SSRIs
Dantrolene
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

24. Osteomalacia/rickets
Leuprolide - GnRH (continuous)
Buspirone
Vitamin D supplementation
SSRIs

25. Diabetes mellitus type 2
Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine
Dietary intervention - oral hypoglycemic - and insulin (possible)
Leuprolide - GnRH (continuous)
Heparin

26. Malignant hyperthermia
Fluids - insulin - K+
Dantrolene
Penicillin/ceftriaxone - rifampin (prophylaxis)
Aromatase inhibitor

27. Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine - mexiletine - tocainide)
Methylphenidate - amphetamines
Flutamide
Vancomycin

28. Diabetes insipidus
Dietary intervention (low - sugar) + insulin replacement
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Central: desmopressin Nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide - indomethacin - amiloride
Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (chronic)

29. HER2/neu - positive breast cancer
NSAIDs - colchicine
Mesna (Mesna is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and hematuria when a patient receives ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide for cancer chemotherapy)
Oral KI
Trastuzumab

30. Patent ductus arteriosus
Penicillin prophylaxis
SSRIs (first - line)
Indomethacin
Tamsulosin - finasteride

31. Pneumocystis jiroveci
Lithium - valproate - carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)
TMP- SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
Leuprolide - GnRH (continuous)
Sumatriptan

32. Heparin toxicity (acute)
Dietary intervention - oral hypoglycemic - and insulin (possible)
Antitoxin
Protamine sulfate
Flutamide

33. Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Ethosuximide
Fluids - insulin - K+
Demeclocycline - lithium

34. Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Penicillin
Imatinib
Leuprolide - GnRH (continuous)
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

35. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Warfarin
5- ASA - infliximab
Vancomycin
RIPES - rifampin - isoniazid - pyrazinamide - ethambutol - streptomycin

36. Cytomegalovirus
Smoking cessation
Ganciclovir
5- HT2A antagonists (e.g. - olanzapine)
Erythromycin

37. Sporothrix schenckii
Beta- interferon
Oral KI
Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine - mexiletine - tocainide)

38. Pulmonary hypertension
Protamine sulfate
Bosentan
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Smoking cessation

39. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Tamsulosin - finasteride
Folate
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection) - erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Mesna (Mesna is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and hematuria when a patient receives ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide for cancer chemotherapy)

40. Folate deficiency
Fibrate
Smoking cessation
Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam
Folate

41. Medical abortion
Mifepristone
Fibrate
Hydroxyurea (? HbF)
Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

42. Tonic - clonic seizures
Flutamide
Beta- interferon
Protamine sulfate
Phenytoin - valproate - carbamazepine

43. Treponema pallidum
B12
Penicillin
SSRIs (first - line)
Probenecid (underexcretor) - allopurinol (overproducer)

44. Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Leuprolide - GnRH (pulsatile)
Hydroxyurea (? HbF)
TMP- SMX
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

45. Buerger's disease
Dantrolene
Folate
Smoking cessation
Fibrate

46. Hyperaldosteronism
Protamine sulfate
Spironolactone
Ganciclovir
Bosentan

47. Alcohol abuse
Demeclocycline - lithium
AA + disulfiram for patient and Al - Anon for family
Spironolactone
Folate

48. Long - term anticoagulation
Warfarin
Amphotericin B (systemic) - nystatin (oral thrush - esophagitis)
N- acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
Methylphenidate - amphetamines

49. Neisseria meningitidis
N- acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
Penicillin/ceftriaxone - rifampin (prophylaxis)
Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine

50. Clostridium botulinum
5- HT2A antagonists (e.g. - olanzapine)
Antitoxin
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam