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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gene therapy
Pharmacuetical companies
genetic probe testing
lactic acid
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
2. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge
characteristics of a good cloning host
Transfection of recombinant DNA
recombinant DNA techniques
Transfection
3. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
Genetic Engineering
Gene therapy involves
skeletal muscles
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
4. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;
lactic acid
DNA profiles are established by...
moon shine
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
5. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
Restriction Fragments
6. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the
plants or animals
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
7. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.
Gene therapy involves
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Bourbon
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
8. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
The first gene therapy patient
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Pharmacuetical companies
recombinant DNA techniques
9. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Hemophilia A
Type 1 Diabetes
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
10. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Gel electrophoresis
Transfection
11. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces
Gene therapy involves
lactic acid
kneading dough
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
12. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions
Plasmin
Pharmacuetical companies
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
13. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr
insulin
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
most effective DNA vectors
14. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
Genetic Markers
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
moon shine
15. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another
plants or animals
Pharmacuetical companies
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Baker's Yeast
16. After the actual size of individual fragments are determined - the nucleotide sequence which has been isolated and identified - can be inserted into an acceptable cloning host through the process of transfection
genetic probe testing
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
17. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
genetic probe testing
recombinant DNA
most effective DNA vectors
Endonuclease enzymes
18. The actual sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule; we have due to lab techniques in genetic engineering - the ability to creat a DNA fingerprint ( DNA type or DNA profile) that is unique identifying characteristic of an individual
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Transfection
Restriction Fragments
19. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
20. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent
Bourbon
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
recombinant DNA techniques
21. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it
kneading dough
ethyl alcohol
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
22. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified
nucleotide sequences
characteristics of a good cloning host
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
23. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity
Gene therapy involves
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
moon shine
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
24. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)
Cloning
ethyl alcohol
recombinant DNA
Pharmacuetical companies
25. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
Biotechnology originated___
Biotechnology
Genetic Engineering
Gene therapy involves
26. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
ethyl alcohol
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
genetic probe testing
27. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the
nucleotide sequences
The first gene therapy patient
Transfection
Baker's Yeast
28. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Transfection
Gene therapy involves
Hemophilia A
29. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile
recombinant DNA
Genetic Markers
Biotechnology
Genetic Engineering
30. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals
Type 1 Diabetes
Hemophilia A
lactic acid
Transfection of recombinant DNA
31. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins
Gene Therapy is the process in which
ethyl alcohol
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Gene therapy
32. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect
Gene Therapy is the process in which
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
recombinant DNA techniques
33. Incorportates air into the dough
Genetic Markers
DNA profiles are established by...
Gene therapy works because...
kneading dough
34. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
nucleotide sequences
Rum
Modern applications of Biotechnology
skeletal muscles
35. Incompatible DNA of bacteriophages and plasmids
Sour Dough
Bourbon
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
36. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
characteristics of a good cloning host
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
37. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Hemophilia A
DNA profiles are established by...
38. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva
Biotechnology
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
39. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
Gene therapy involves
Genetic Engineering
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
40. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Baker's Yeast
Genetic Markers
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
41. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
Gene therapy involves
Dwarfism
lactic acid
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
42. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Transfection of recombinant DNA
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
plants or animals
43. Ethyl alcohol
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
insulin
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
Biotechnology
44. Limited availablity of the essential - missing or deficient hormone - which can be aided by pharmaceutical companies use of recombinant DNA technology.
Transfection of recombinant DNA
vodka
missing or dysfunctional proteins
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
45. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)
genetic probe testing
Transfection
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
moon shine
46. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
skeletal muscles
most effective DNA vectors
Modern applications of Biotechnology
Gene therapy works because...
47. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established
genetic probe testing
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
Transfection of recombinant DNA
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
48. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
Gene therapy works because...
Type 1 Diabetes
Restriction Fragments
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
49. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Sour Dough
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
50. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them
most effective DNA vectors
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
recombinant DNA