Test your basic knowledge |

Genetic Engineering Biotechnology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals






2. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;






3. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments






4. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the






5. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol






6. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent






7. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another






8. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity






9. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established






10. Ethyl alcohol






11. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms






12. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com






13. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions






14. DNA fingerprinting of specimens that contain only minute amounts of DNA or even old specimens that may not be suitable for other test methods






15. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition






16. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc






17. After the actual size of individual fragments are determined - the nucleotide sequence which has been isolated and identified - can be inserted into an acceptable cloning host through the process of transfection






18. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge






19. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects






20. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism






21. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible






22. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco






23. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)






24. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid






25. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations






26. Nucleotide sequences of DNA






27. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)






28. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva






29. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone






30. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target






31. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces






32. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br






33. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products






34. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile






35. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins






36. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers






37. Although the availability of HGH was limited at best - demand exceeding the opportunity of supply - the potential transmission of infectious agents such as the prion associated with Creutzfedt- Jacob disease was life threatening to the individual rec






38. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it






39. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified






40. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident






41. Detecting variations in DNA sequence at same location in genome of different individuals;






42. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma






43. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.






44. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans






45. Recombinant DNA may be inserted into ________ to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - may not be disease or drought tolerant - may provide more nutritional properties - may be easier to grow - or may even convey immunity






46. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods






47. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin






48. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them






49. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;






50. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect