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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After the actual size of individual fragments are determined - the nucleotide sequence which has been isolated and identified - can be inserted into an acceptable cloning host through the process of transfection
nucleotide sequences
insulin
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
2. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
Endonuclease enzymes
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
recombinant DNA techniques
3. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
Transfection
Hemophilia A
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
4. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
Type 1 Diabetes
most effective DNA vectors
Endonuclease enzymes
Gene therapy works because...
5. DNA fingerprinting of specimens that contain only minute amounts of DNA or even old specimens that may not be suitable for other test methods
Transfection
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
6. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.
vodka
moon shine
genetic probe testing
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
7. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it
Hemophilia A
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
Bourbon
8. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces
Bourbon
Endonuclease enzymes
lactic acid
Gene Therapy is the process in which
9. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
Transfection
Gene therapy involves
10. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
Gene therapy involves
Pharmacuetical companies
plants or animals
Dwarfism
11. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
recombinant DNA
missing or dysfunctional proteins
nucleotide sequences
12. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge
ethyl alcohol
Pharmacuetical companies
characteristics of a good cloning host
Gene therapy
13. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Sour Dough
moon shine
kneading dough
14. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;
DNA profiles are established by...
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
insulin
recombinant DNA techniques
15. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments
genetic probe testing
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
16. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
Biotechnology originated___
Biotechnology
Genetic Engineering
Gene therapy works because...
17. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
insulin
Gene Therapy is the process in which
vodka
18. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Gene therapy
Genetic Engineering
19. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
Genetic Markers
Gel electrophoresis
20. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
Gene therapy
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Gel electrophoresis
Gene therapy works because...
21. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations
Baker's Yeast
nucleotide sequences
Gene therapy
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
22. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another
Sour Dough
Gene therapy involves
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Transfection of recombinant DNA
23. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
moon shine
vodka
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
24. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the
The first gene therapy patient
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
recombinant DNA
Hemophilia A
25. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
Plasmin
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Cloning
26. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Cloning
Biotechnology
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
27. Incorportates air into the dough
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
kneading dough
28. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Restriction Fragments
Genetic Markers
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
29. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Hemophilia A
Gene Therapy is the process in which
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
30. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
recombinant DNA
most effective DNA vectors
31. Detecting variations in DNA sequence at same location in genome of different individuals;
Biotechnology
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
Gene therapy works because...
32. Plasmids and bacteriophages
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
plants or animals
most effective DNA vectors
33. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions
nucleotide sequences
plants or animals
Plasmin
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
34. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms
Modern applications of Biotechnology
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
ethyl alcohol
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
35. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
missing or dysfunctional proteins
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Type 1 Diabetes
Rum
36. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments
Gel electrophoresis
Gene Therapy is the process in which
characteristics of a good cloning host
Dwarfism
37. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Hemophilia A
Plasmin
Cloning
38. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Transfection
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Transfection of recombinant DNA
39. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
most effective DNA vectors
40. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
Restriction Fragments
recombinant DNA techniques
Modern applications of Biotechnology
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
41. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Bourbon
moon shine
42. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent
Dwarfism
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Bourbon
Biotechnology
43. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins
recombinant DNA techniques
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
The first gene therapy patient
Gene therapy
44. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
characteristics of a good cloning host
Pharmacuetical companies
Biotechnology
45. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
Gene therapy involves
Biotechnology originated___
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
46. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified
kneading dough
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
DNA profiles are established by...
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
47. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
skeletal muscles
kneading dough
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Cloning
48. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
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49. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect
Biotechnology originated___
skeletal muscles
Gene Therapy is the process in which
recombinant DNA
50. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Cloning
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
missing or dysfunctional proteins