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Genetic Engineering Biotechnology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers






2. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism






3. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it






4. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition






5. Incompatible DNA of bacteriophages and plasmids






6. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity






7. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com






8. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol






9. Plasmids and bacteriophages






10. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin






11. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid






12. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.






13. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms






14. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible






15. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.






16. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone






17. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage






18. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva






19. Ethyl alcohol






20. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified






21. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the






22. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco






23. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them






24. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele






25. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)






26. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects






27. Incorportates air into the dough






28. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations






29. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products






30. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target






31. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments






32. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations






33. Limited availablity of the essential - missing or deficient hormone - which can be aided by pharmaceutical companies use of recombinant DNA technology.






34. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)






35. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another






36. Gene therapy






37. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode






38. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;






39. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the






40. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent






41. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br






42. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions






43. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge






44. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile






45. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals






46. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma






47. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr






48. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;






49. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments






50. Saccharomyctes cervisiae

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