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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
ethyl alcohol
Dwarfism
Rum
2. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
Rum
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
3. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
lactic acid
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
most effective DNA vectors
4. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage
Gel electrophoresis
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
vodka
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
5. Although the availability of HGH was limited at best - demand exceeding the opportunity of supply - the potential transmission of infectious agents such as the prion associated with Creutzfedt- Jacob disease was life threatening to the individual rec
Genetic Engineering
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
6. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms
Modern applications of Biotechnology
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Endonuclease enzymes
recombinant DNA techniques
7. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Gene Therapy is the process in which
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
8. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
Gel electrophoresis
Dwarfism
Transfection
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
9. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Pharmacuetical companies
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
Transfection
10. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
Hemophilia A
Type 1 Diabetes
Rum
11. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
missing or dysfunctional proteins
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
12. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Gene therapy works because...
insulin
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
13. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established
Biotechnology
insulin
Plasmin
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
14. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
recombinant DNA techniques
15. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
most effective DNA vectors
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Biotechnology
plants or animals
16. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments
Plasmin
Dwarfism
Gel electrophoresis
DNA profiles are established by...
17. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
Gene Therapy is the process in which
recombinant DNA techniques
Hemophilia A
18. Plasmids and bacteriophages
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
most effective DNA vectors
lactic acid
19. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele
Biotechnology originated___
Pharmacuetical companies
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Dwarfism
20. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
Transfection
ethyl alcohol
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
21. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.
Gene therapy involves
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
recombinant DNA techniques
characteristics of a good cloning host
22. Ethyl alcohol
vodka
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
Dwarfism
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
23. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Cloning
24. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals
Cloning
Type 1 Diabetes
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
kneading dough
25. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
recombinant DNA techniques
Genetic Markers
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
26. Incorportates air into the dough
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
kneading dough
Hemophilia A
missing or dysfunctional proteins
27. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Gene therapy
most effective DNA vectors
Transfection
28. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
Sour Dough
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Biotechnology originated___
29. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces
lactic acid
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
insulin
moon shine
30. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
insulin
Restriction Fragments
DNA profiles are established by...
most effective DNA vectors
31. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
Endonuclease enzymes
moon shine
Type 1 Diabetes
recombinant DNA techniques
32. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)
Biotechnology
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Cloning
recombinant DNA techniques
33. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
34. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods
Pharmacuetical companies
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
Modern applications of Biotechnology
35. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
moon shine
Dwarfism
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
36. DNA fingerprinting of specimens that contain only minute amounts of DNA or even old specimens that may not be suitable for other test methods
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
Endonuclease enzymes
genetic probe testing
37. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
Hemophilia A
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
38. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.
Gel electrophoresis
Gene therapy
genetic probe testing
Modern applications of Biotechnology
39. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Pharmacuetical companies
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
40. Recombinant DNA may be inserted into ________ to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - may not be disease or drought tolerant - may provide more nutritional properties - may be easier to grow - or may even convey immunity
Biotechnology originated___
plants or animals
Pharmacuetical companies
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
41. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments
Modern applications of Biotechnology
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
The first gene therapy patient
42. Gene therapy
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Gel electrophoresis
Restriction Fragments
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
43. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
Hemophilia A
nucleotide sequences
Sour Dough
skeletal muscles
44. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
DNA profiles are established by...
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
45. The actual sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule; we have due to lab techniques in genetic engineering - the ability to creat a DNA fingerprint ( DNA type or DNA profile) that is unique identifying characteristic of an individual
Hemophilia A
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
insulin
46. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Plasmin
most effective DNA vectors
Baker's Yeast
47. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another
The first gene therapy patient
lactic acid
Type 1 Diabetes
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
48. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Gene Therapy is the process in which
most effective DNA vectors
insulin
49. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
Gene Therapy is the process in which
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
50. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
recombinant DNA
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology