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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ethyl alcohol
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
2. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
Dwarfism
Restriction Fragments
DNA profiles are established by...
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
3. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
skeletal muscles
Biotechnology originated___
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
Cloning
4. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
lactic acid
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
missing or dysfunctional proteins
Gene Therapy is the process in which
5. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
moon shine
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Gene therapy involves
Hemophilia A
6. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Pharmacuetical companies
plants or animals
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
7. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
Genetic Engineering
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Gene therapy
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
8. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Restriction Fragments
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Genetic Engineering
9. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.
Restriction Fragments
Rum
ethyl alcohol
Gene therapy involves
10. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity
Cloning
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
Plasmin
Transfection of recombinant DNA
11. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces
lactic acid
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
12. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods
Genetic Markers
most effective DNA vectors
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Pharmacuetical companies
13. Although the availability of HGH was limited at best - demand exceeding the opportunity of supply - the potential transmission of infectious agents such as the prion associated with Creutzfedt- Jacob disease was life threatening to the individual rec
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
ethyl alcohol
recombinant DNA
characteristics of a good cloning host
14. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Biotechnology
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
nucleotide sequences
15. Recombinant DNA may be inserted into ________ to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - may not be disease or drought tolerant - may provide more nutritional properties - may be easier to grow - or may even convey immunity
plants or animals
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
16. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Gene Therapy is the process in which
nucleotide sequences
17. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
Sour Dough
lactic acid
18. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions
Plasmin
Gene therapy
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Bourbon
19. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Endonuclease enzymes
Restriction Fragments
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
20. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect
recombinant DNA techniques
vodka
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
21. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br
Hemophilia A
Genetic Markers
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
22. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
Restriction Fragments
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Biotechnology originated___
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
23. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
Biotechnology originated___
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
24. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans
vodka
Biotechnology
Rum
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
25. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
Rum
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
26. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
Transfection
Gel electrophoresis
Dwarfism
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
27. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Biotechnology originated___
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
28. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage
Modern applications of Biotechnology
Biotechnology
vodka
moon shine
29. The actual sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule; we have due to lab techniques in genetic engineering - the ability to creat a DNA fingerprint ( DNA type or DNA profile) that is unique identifying characteristic of an individual
insulin
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
Dwarfism
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
30. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
nucleotide sequences
Gene therapy involves
Plasmin
Gene therapy works because...
31. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
most effective DNA vectors
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
missing or dysfunctional proteins
characteristics of a good cloning host
32. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
nucleotide sequences
Restriction Fragments
33. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
characteristics of a good cloning host
genetic probe testing
34. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments
Hemophilia A
Type 1 Diabetes
Gel electrophoresis
Pharmacuetical companies
35. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals
most effective DNA vectors
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Biotechnology
Type 1 Diabetes
36. Plasmids and bacteriophages
insulin
most effective DNA vectors
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
37. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
ethyl alcohol
38. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;
lactic acid
Hemophilia A
Gene Therapy is the process in which
genetic probe testing
39. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the
Biotechnology originated___
The first gene therapy patient
characteristics of a good cloning host
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
40. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
recombinant DNA techniques
DNA profiles are established by...
Bourbon
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
41. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another
DNA profiles are established by...
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Biotechnology originated___
insulin
42. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr
skeletal muscles
Transfection of recombinant DNA
insulin
vodka
43. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile
Genetic Markers
Bourbon
skeletal muscles
ethyl alcohol
44. Limited availablity of the essential - missing or deficient hormone - which can be aided by pharmaceutical companies use of recombinant DNA technology.
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
missing or dysfunctional proteins
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
45. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
46. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge
Gel electrophoresis
characteristics of a good cloning host
Cloning
Plasmin
47. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
skeletal muscles
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Restriction Fragments
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
48. Gene therapy
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
Transfection
49. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele
Rum
Biotechnology originated___
Transfection of recombinant DNA
ethyl alcohol
50. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Modern applications of Biotechnology
nucleotide sequences
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___