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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.
Gene therapy
Endonuclease enzymes
genetic probe testing
skeletal muscles
2. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Transfection
missing or dysfunctional proteins
Plasmin
3. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
recombinant DNA
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
Gene therapy works because...
Restriction Fragments
4. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
characteristics of a good cloning host
recombinant DNA techniques
5. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals
missing or dysfunctional proteins
Type 1 Diabetes
Transfection
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
6. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the
Transfection of recombinant DNA
The first gene therapy patient
Transfection
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
7. Plasmids and bacteriophages
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
most effective DNA vectors
8. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage
vodka
plants or animals
Gene therapy
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
9. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
Gene therapy
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
recombinant DNA techniques
10. DNA fingerprinting of specimens that contain only minute amounts of DNA or even old specimens that may not be suitable for other test methods
ethyl alcohol
DNA profiles are established by...
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
11. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge
Gene Therapy is the process in which
Restriction Fragments
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
characteristics of a good cloning host
12. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr
Biotechnology originated___
insulin
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
13. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile
recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
recombinant DNA techniques
Genetic Markers
14. Limited availablity of the essential - missing or deficient hormone - which can be aided by pharmaceutical companies use of recombinant DNA technology.
recombinant DNA techniques
Gene therapy
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Gel electrophoresis
15. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br
Cloning
nucleotide sequences
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
Plasmin
16. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms
Plasmin
Modern applications of Biotechnology
Transfection
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
17. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
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18. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
Restriction Fragments
recombinant DNA techniques
19. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
missing or dysfunctional proteins
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
20. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
Dwarfism
Sour Dough
Pharmacuetical companies
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
21. Corn mash whiskey - is clear after distillation - the aging process while in an oak barrel for years - is responsible for the golden color and distinct taste of bourbon (or Jack Daniels Tennessee whiskey)
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
The first gene therapy patient
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
moon shine
22. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations
recombinant DNA
nucleotide sequences
DNA profiles are established by...
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
23. Incorportates air into the dough
Genetic Engineering
Pharmacuetical companies
Type 1 Diabetes
kneading dough
24. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
vodka
Use of DNA sequencing procedures combined with amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reactions allow what?
Biotechnology originated___
25. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
moon shine
Endonuclease enzymes
Transfection of recombinant DNA
26. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
recombinant DNA
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Biotechnology
recombinant DNA techniques
27. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products
Modern applications of Biotechnology
lactic acid
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
Genetic Engineering
28. Incompatible DNA of bacteriophages and plasmids
skeletal muscles
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Dwarfism
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
29. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
Rum
Gene therapy
Modern applications of Biotechnology
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
30. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva
Gene therapy
Cloning
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
31. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Gene therapy works because...
nucleotide sequences
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
32. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
characteristics of a good cloning host
Rum
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
33. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
Transfection of recombinant DNA
Modern applications of Biotechnology
DNA profiles are established by...
Gene therapy works because...
34. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
skeletal muscles
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
DNA profiles are established by...
35. Detecting variations in DNA sequence at same location in genome of different individuals;
Gene therapy
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
insulin
Endonuclease enzymes
36. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)
Cloning
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
vodka
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
37. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Cloning
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
Genetic Markers
38. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;
Rum
Gene therapy involves
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
Hemophilia A
39. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin
Type 1 Diabetes
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Rum
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
40. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
41. Gene therapy
plants or animals
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Gene therapy involves
42. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
Restriction Fragments
DNA profiles are established by...
43. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
DNA profiles are established by...
44. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
Pharmacuetical companies
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Sour Dough
45. Ethyl alcohol
Gene therapy involves
Endonuclease enzymes
Pharmacuetical companies
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
46. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
Transfection of recombinant DNA
most effective DNA vectors
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
The first gene therapy patient
47. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods
Pharmacuetical companies
insulin
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
48. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;
Gel electrophoresis
skeletal muscles
Gene therapy works because...
DNA profiles are established by...
49. The actual sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule; we have due to lab techniques in genetic engineering - the ability to creat a DNA fingerprint ( DNA type or DNA profile) that is unique identifying characteristic of an individual
vodka
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
nucleotide sequences
50. Recombinant DNA may be inserted into ________ to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - may not be disease or drought tolerant - may provide more nutritional properties - may be easier to grow - or may even convey immunity
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
skeletal muscles
plants or animals
Rum