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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Biotechnology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition
Biotechnology
Rum
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Gene therapy works because...
2. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products
Restriction Fragments
Genetic Engineering
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
Transfection of recombinant DNA
3. After the actual size of individual fragments are determined - the nucleotide sequence which has been isolated and identified - can be inserted into an acceptable cloning host through the process of transfection
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
benefit of restriction fragments being seperated through the process of gel electrophoresis
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
recombinant DNA techniques
4. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
recombinant DNA
missing or dysfunctional proteins
kneading dough
5. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms
Dwarfism
Modern applications of Biotechnology
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
plants or animals
6. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations
nucleotide sequences
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
Gel electrophoresis
7. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone
most effective DNA vectors
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
The first gene therapy patient
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
8. Saccharomyctes cervisiae
9. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc
transgenic or genetically - modified organisms
recombinant DNA
Transfection of recombinant DNA
missing or dysfunctional proteins
10. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established
missing or dysfunctional proteins
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
11. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces
Pharmacuetical companies
lactic acid
Type 1 Diabetes
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
12. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent
Sour Dough
Genetic Markers
Genetic Engineering
Bourbon
13. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.
yeast + sugar => ethanol + carbon dioxide =
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
genetic probe testing
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
14. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it
Sour Dough
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Dwarfism
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
15. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Restriction Fragments
Endonuclease enzymes
kneading dough
16. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect
Hemophilia A
Transfection
genetic probe testing
Gene Therapy is the process in which
17. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode
Transfection
Gene therapy works because...
recombinant DNA
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
18. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
missing or dysfunctional proteins
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
Rum
DNA profiles are established by...
19. Nucleotide sequences of DNA
The first gene therapy patient
recombinant DNA
Dwarfism
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
20. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
characteristics of a good cloning host
recombinant DNA techniques
Rum
21. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin
Dwarfism
missing or dysfunctional proteins
kneading dough
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
22. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins
Gene therapy
genetic probe testing
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
Restriction Fragments
23. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr
insulin
Pharmacuetical companies
Bourbon
Gel electrophoresis
24. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid
genetic probe testing
The first gene therapy patient
skeletal muscles
lactic acid
25. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco
Sour Dough
kneading dough
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Cloning
26. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident
Type 1 Diabetes
Genetic Engineering
Restriction Fragments
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
27. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism
What can limit the treatment of diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism and Hemophilia A?
Transfection
Type 1 Diabetes
Cloning
28. Incompatible DNA of bacteriophages and plasmids
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
Hemophilia A
29. Gene therapy
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
genetic probe testing
30. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them
recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA technology has changed the outcomes of many diseases and conditions by...
most effective DNA vectors
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
31. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
most effective DNA vectors
kneading dough
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
32. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified
Biotechnology
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
genetic probe testing
Transfection of recombinant DNA
33. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations
Rum
insulin
Inherent differences in what is used to identify humans - animals and microbes?
requirements for a host to be a suitable vector for transfection
34. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;
Modern applications of Biotechnology
Genetic Markers
Hemophilia A
ethyl alcohol
35. Caused by a lack of adequate insulin production - once treated using insulin derived from animals
characteristics of a good cloning host
recombinant DNA techniques
Type 1 Diabetes
most effective DNA vectors
36. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
characteristics of a good cloning host
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
vodka
37. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity
Genetic Engineering
advent of genetic engineering techniques has provided
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Microbial Enzymes break down what?
38. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;
causes uniqueness of DNA of an individual
Restriction Fragments
Gene Therapy is the process in which
DNA profiles are established by...
39. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target
Endonuclease enzymes
Type 1 Diabetes
used to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects
moon shine
40. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva
DNA profiles are established by...
plants or animals
Baker's Yeast
the first uses of DNA fingerprinting
41. Use of an organism's biochemical processes to produce a needed product - These processes have been greatly enhanced by use of recombinant DNA which allows organisms to be genetically modified to accomplish tasks that were previously not possible
Type 1 Diabetes
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Biotechnology
what endonuclease protects against In bacteria cells
42. Almost 6000 yrs ago in wine and bread making - involves practical application of microorganisms in manufacturing products or carrying out a particular decomposition - most involve the actions of bacteria - molds - yeasts adn algae that have been sele
Biotechnology originated___
causes the restriction fragments to move through the gel during the process of gel electrophoresis
Gene therapy
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
43. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
Biotechnology
Type 1 Diabetes
Dwarfism
44. Plasmids and bacteriophages
Restriction Fragments
lab technique of Gel Electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
most effective DNA vectors
45. Although the availability of HGH was limited at best - demand exceeding the opportunity of supply - the potential transmission of infectious agents such as the prion associated with Creutzfedt- Jacob disease was life threatening to the individual rec
the complication of most concern in treating Pituitary Dwarfism using human cadavers
Modern applications of Biotechnology
DNA profiles are established by...
the primary intent of recombinant DNA technology
46. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol
Sour Dough
lactic acid
The degree of uniquesness in DNA of an individual is directly proportional to ___
ethyl alcohol
47. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.
Gene therapy involves
In diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes - Dwarfism - and Hemophilia A
Cloning
ethyl alcohol
48. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the
Pharmacuetical companies
most effective DNA vectors
The first gene therapy patient
Transfection
49. Detecting variations in DNA sequence at same location in genome of different individuals;
Gene therapy
What DNA fingerprinting methods depend on?
Cloning
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
50. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma
Genetic markers and unique DNA profiling can also be used by potential parents
Modern applications of Biotechnology
The first gene therapy patient
a potential complication of Hemophilia A treatment involving periodic blood transfusions of the missing protein of Factor VIII derived from the plasma of human donors