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Genetic Engineering Biotechnology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol






2. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma






3. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms






4. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com






5. Nucleotide sequences of DNA






6. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent






7. Gene therapy






8. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva






9. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established






10. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the






11. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another






12. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it






13. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers






14. Ethyl alcohol






15. Use recombinant DNA technology to synthesize products that cannot be manufactured by other methods - or cannot be manufactured as efficiently or effectively by other methods






16. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;






17. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments






18. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments






19. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition






20. Gene therapy involves insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode for ___________; used increasingly to replace missing or mutated genes to correct inherited defects






21. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces






22. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect






23. Lactobacillus Sanfrancisco






24. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins






25. Incompatible DNA of bacteriophages and plasmids






26. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc






27. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations






28. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge






29. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified






30. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid






31. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode






32. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile






33. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism






34. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone






35. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr






36. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage






37. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations






38. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity






39. Detecting variations in DNA sequence at same location in genome of different individuals;






40. Was a 4 yr old girl - in 1990 suffering from severe immunodeficiency disease caused by lack of enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Researchers at the National Institutes of Health - transfused her own blood cells that had been engineered to contain the






41. Plasmids and bacteriophages






42. To detect presence of genes that increase risk of hereditary diseases and establish patterns of inheritance of the diseases; it can be used to establish paternity and maternity - genetic ancestry of domestic animals an genetic diversity of animals br






43. Limited availablity of the essential - missing or deficient hormone - which can be aided by pharmaceutical companies use of recombinant DNA technology.






44. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them






45. Saccharomyctes cervisiae

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46. Identification of the gene responsible for the defective or absent protein - identification - isolation - cloning of the normal gene and transfection into the cells of the individual with the disease.






47. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident






48. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products






49. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;






50. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans