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Genetic Engineering Biotechnology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ethyl alcohol






2. Final product of recombinant DNA may be production of a particular protein such as _______ - human growth factor and certain clotting factors; recombinant DNA is transferred into bacteria - which can utilize routine protein synthesis mechanisms to pr






3. Is essential in the process of clot dissolution associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions






4. Plasmids and bacteriophages






5. Recombinant DNA may enable __________ to determine the likelihood of a praticular genetic disease long before the appearance of symptoms associated with the disease;early detection may allow intervention before the occurrence of irreversible damage.






6. Used in industry - agriculture - food sciences and environmental protection. Some utilize genetic engineering techniques to achieve a desired outcome or rely on natu4ral biochemical and metabolic activities of organisms






7. Pieces of DNA produced by endonucleases - when in the laboratory - endonucleases are used to cleave DNA at desired sites - allowing them to be seperated by Gel Electrophoresis by size - then allowing the nucleotide sequences to be isolated and ident






8. A faulty gene in humans suffering from a disease which is due to the lack of a protein or the presence of a defective protein is corrected or reparied; inherent benefit is to permanently cure physiological dysfunction by repairing a genetic defect






9. Enzyme required for conversion of inactive protein plasminogen to its active form plasmin; is used to dissolve clots associated with myocardial and cerebral infarctions - availablity of tPA from human origin is limitied and not sufficient to meet the






10. Migration is due to attraction of opposite charges - smaller fragments move faster than larger ones - which allows the restriction fragments to be not just seperated but isolated and identified






11. Recombinant DNA may be inserted into ________ to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - may not be disease or drought tolerant - may provide more nutritional properties - may be easier to grow - or may even convey immunity






12. A good recombinant vector must be capable of carrying a significant fragment of DNA and readily accept it






13. Anaerobic fermentation in skeletal muscles produces






14. Can be inserted into plants or animals to produce organisms that are better adapted to their environments - has been shown to cause improvements in crops by improving things such as drought resistance and has conveyed immunity to those consuming them






15. Many individuals recieving treatment for their Hemophilia A through blood transfusions contracted the HIV virus - through the donated plasma






16. Involves manipulation of an organism's genome - Used in conjunction with biotechnology - which involves practical use of an organism's biochemical and metabolic pathways for the production of food products - chemicals - drugs andother products






17. Profile established by analysis of multiple markers provides unique characteristic of individual whose DNA is presented;






18. Forensic medicin; examples : fingerprints - hair - skin - fingernails - semen - blood or saliva






19. Derived from sugar cane juice - is a primary alcoholic product of the caribbean islands - can be purchased in several different concentrations






20. A lack of an essential hormone causes the disease and treatment involves replacing the missing hormone






21. Degree of uniqueness is directly proportional to the prevalence of particular markers in comparison population; use of multiple markers allow significant increase in actual uniqueness of profile established






22. Once the specific functional protein will be synthesized - the availbility of the protein will eliminate the disease condition






23. Which encodes for a particular protein product into the genome of appropriate host organism transforms the host organism into a production plant for the protein that is the genetic expression of a particular sequence - then - by means of routine bioc






24. Fermented and distilled corn mash - the state of Kentucky holds the patent on the word bourbon in reference to corn mash whiskey. Jack Daniels - produced in Tennessee is bourbon but NOT CALLED bourbon due to this patent






25. Gene therapy






26. Is a lab technique used to separate various sized restriction fragments






27. Involves removal of a selected gene from on organism (genetic donor) followed by its propagation in a different organism (cloning host)






28. Nucleotide sequences of DNA






29. The process of introducing foreign genes into a cloning host organism






30. Actions of microbial enzymes that break down flour proteins ( gluten) and give dough its elasticity






31. Derived from potatos is the most widely marketed and consumed alcoholic beverage






32. Caused by a lack of adequate clotting factor VIII;






33. To deliberately remove genetic material from one organism - and combine it with the genetic material of another






34. yeasts ferment carbs in fruits & grains anaerobically resulting in producing ethyl alcohol






35. Gel electrophoresis is a process based on migration of negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel - toward a positive electrode






36. Are recombinant organisms produced by insertion of recombinant DNA fragments






37. Inherent differences in ________ of DNA are used to identify humans - animals - and microbes;DNA analysis has revolutionized fields such as epidemiology and criminalistics; DNA technology is now common - place in forensic investigations






38. Fast growth rate - ability to be grown in large quantities using ordinary culture methods - Nonpathogenic -Genome that is well- delineated (mapped) - capable of accepting plasmids or bacteriophage vectors - maintains foreign genes through multiple ge






39. Incorportates air into the dough






40. Genetic Engineering is based on the ability to manipulate DNA by using a variety of ___________;allow DNA to cut precisely determined points along each strand - to be separated according to size of fragments and to be sequenced to determine exact com






41. Caused by a lack of adequate Human Growth Hormone (HGH); once treated by harvesting HGH from the pituitary glands of human cadavers






42. Are bacterial enzymes that recognize foreign DNA and are capable of breaking the bonds between adjacent nucleotides; each has a specific nucleotide sequence as its target






43. After the actual size of individual fragments are determined - the nucleotide sequence which has been isolated and identified - can be inserted into an acceptable cloning host through the process of transfection






44. Although the availability of HGH was limited at best - demand exceeding the opportunity of supply - the potential transmission of infectious agents such as the prion associated with Creutzfedt- Jacob disease was life threatening to the individual rec






45. The ability to produce recombinant proteins in bacteria and yeasts reather than isolating protein from animals or humans






46. Can revert to anaerobic fermentation in the event they have exhausted their oxygen supply - creating lactic acid






47. Insertion of particular recombinant DNA sequences that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins






48. Enabling the large- scale production of life- saving or life- altering hormones and enzymes of human origin






49. Are observable variations in DNA which help establish a profile






50. DNA fingerprinting of specimens that contain only minute amounts of DNA or even old specimens that may not be suitable for other test methods