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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Responsible for growing and farming practices






2. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells






3. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring






4. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






5. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell






6. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






7. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals






8. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)






9. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






10. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones






11. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






12. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






13. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






14. Focuses on certain absolute principles which should follow out of sense of duty and should dictate our actions






15. RFLP and PCR






16. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs






17. A problem with gene therapy






18. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;






19. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions






20. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances






21. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






22. The nucleotide sequences are present in the initial mRNA transcript but are excised prior to translation






23. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA






24. Greatest good for the greatest number






25. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






26. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response






27. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY






28. Fusion of two protoplast cells from different species: hybrid plant






29. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






30. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations






31. Prevent crops from freezing (ice-) - slow the breakdown of food (tomatoes) - create pesticides to stop infestations






32. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






33. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






34. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc






35. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






36. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






37. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell






38. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)






39. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation






40. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines






41. Is produced by a hybridoma (the fusion of a mature b- cell and an 'immortal' myeloma cancer cell - Is a single type of antibody that cross - reacts to only one target - one portion of the antigen against which it was made - Are generally much more sp






42. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






43. Cells and matrixes






44. The target antigen (protein) for the vaccine is more easily selected and the vaccines can be generated much faster in microbes than in eggs






45. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






46. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA






47. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






48. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell






49. Recognize and bind to the antigen - Each individual cell has ONE antibody - First exposure to a foreign protein: B- cells cross - react to the protein - proliferate - and produce antibodies against the protein






50. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w