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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






2. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc






3. Responsible for growing and farming practices






4. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






5. The target antigen (protein) for the vaccine is more easily selected and the vaccines can be generated much faster in microbes than in eggs






6. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY






7. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






8. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






9. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications






10. Protective cold- induced proteins from fish that live in very cold climates






11. US Patent and Trademark Office - only one required by the constitution - oversees patenting






12. A problem with gene therapy






13. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age






14. Skin and cartilage






15. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)






16. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA






17. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w






18. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells






19. Genes allow for selection and identification of bacteria that has been modified (undergone recombination)






20. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal






21. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations






22. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)






23. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions






24. Recognize and bind to the antigen - Each individual cell has ONE antibody - First exposure to a foreign protein: B- cells cross - react to the protein - proliferate - and produce antibodies against the protein






25. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






26. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






27. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell






28. Greatest good for the greatest number






29. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






30. RFLP and PCR






31. Turn off specific genes






32. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






33. Is produced by a hybridoma (the fusion of a mature b- cell and an 'immortal' myeloma cancer cell - Is a single type of antibody that cross - reacts to only one target - one portion of the antigen against which it was made - Are generally much more sp






34. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell






35. Cells and matrixes






36. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






37. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines






38. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine






39. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






40. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones






41. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






42. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell






43. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






44. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






45. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;






46. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un






47. Injection into the organism






48. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






49. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid






50. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent