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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Technology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is produced by a hybridoma (the fusion of a mature b- cell and an 'immortal' myeloma cancer cell - Is a single type of antibody that cross - reacts to only one target - one portion of the antigen against which it was made - Are generally much more sp
iPS
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
A monoclonal antibody
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
2. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -
Drug resistance gene (amp)
AALAS
Intron
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
3. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
RFLP
Antibodies
4. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)
AFS
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
EPA
Vector
5. IPS (induced pluripotent) - ESC (embryonic stem cells - and ASC (adult stem cells
agrobacter characteristics
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
three types of stem cells
Origin of replication
6. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector
B- cells
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
The general importance of Thalidomide
Drug resistance gene (amp)
7. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation
8. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel
In vivo gene therapy
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
AALAS
APHis...
9. Environmental Protection Agency - protecting endangered species to establishing emission standards for cars - regulates pesticides and herbicides - gmo's with pest resistance - monitors pesticide levels to ensure safe eating levels - the control of p
Antibodies
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
AFS
EPA
10. Cells and matrixes
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
What tissue is made of
Drug resistance gene (amp)
Utilitarian
11. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation
USPto...
uses of stem cells
three types of stem cells
What tissue is made of
12. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
What tissue is made of
USDA
EPA
13. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis
EPA
Was to purify DNA
Utilitarian
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
14. Recognize and bind to the antigen - Each individual cell has ONE antibody - First exposure to a foreign protein: B- cells cross - react to the protein - proliferate - and produce antibodies against the protein
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
B- cells
DNA sequencing primers
15. Fusion of two protoplast cells from different species: hybrid plant
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
The general importance of Thalidomide
protoplast fusion
Deontological (Kantian)
16. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell
Kinds of stem cells
agrobacter characteristics
How patents for DNA sequences are different
Restriction Enzymes
17. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells
iPS
uses of stem cells
Restriction Enzymes
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
18. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un
Drug resistance gene (amp)
Was to purify DNA
Aim of tissue regeneration
How can bacteria be used humans
19. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA
three types of stem cells
DNA sequencing primers
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
20. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA
In vivo gene therapy
PCR
Ways to clone animals
three types of stem cells
21. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)
Vector
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
Use of SNPS
22. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell
Ex vivo gene therapy
Utilitarian
ASCs
Kinds of stem cells
23. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell
A monoclonal antibody
AFS
Origin of replication
Was to purify DNA
24. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's
Desired traits for research animals
hESC
APHis...
RFLP analysis...
25. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version
EPA
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
Restriction Enzymes
How can bacteria be used humans
26. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (
DNA sequencing primers
AALAS
Antibodies
How patents for DNA sequences are different
27. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations
Drug resistance gene (amp)
PCR
Intron
Phase IV
28. Responsible for drug - food items - and cosmetics
three types of stem cells
iPS
Phase IV
FDA
29. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances
Superfund site
AFS
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
Phase III
30. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones
leaf fragment technique
FDA
Selectable marker genes
protoplast fusion
31. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue
Origin of replication
Superfund site
Aim of tissue regeneration
Ex vivo gene therapy
32. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase
Was to purify DNA
Superfund site
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
Tumors
33. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY
AALAS
Ex vivo gene therapy
Phase II
NIH
34. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications
Human insulin
CDC
PCR
EPA
35. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person
How can bacteria be used humans
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
36. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine
What tissue is made of
AALAS
iPS
What are the major types of patents
37. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)
RFLP analysis...
Phase IV
Antibodies
USPto...
38. Injection into the organism
In vivo gene therapy
Vector
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
EPA
39. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS
Multiple cloning sites
CDC
Kinds of stem cells
USDA
40. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs
Drug resistance gene (amp)
A monoclonal antibody
Was to purify DNA
DNA cloning vectors size
41. Focuses on certain absolute principles which should follow out of sense of duty and should dictate our actions
protoplast fusion
Deontological (Kantian)
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
Phase II
42. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells
Human insulin
Ex vivo gene therapy
AFS
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
43. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
Superfund site
Human insulin
44. A problem with gene therapy
Vector
Tumors
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
Antibodies
45. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid
Use of antisense RNA technology
Multiple cloning sites
How can bacteria be used humans
Kinds of stem cells
46. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines
NIH
Selectable marker genes
uses of stem cells
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
47. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring
Desired traits for research animals
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
How patents for DNA sequences are different
Phase I
48. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals
hESC
AALAS
Was to purify DNA
USDA
49. Protective cold- induced proteins from fish that live in very cold climates
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
anti- freeze proteins
RFLP analysis...
iPS
50. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid
A monoclonal antibody
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
DNA sequencing primers
hESC