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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - protects public health and safety - provides information about health decisions and promotes health programs - works with disease - food- borne pathogens - occupational safety.






2. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






3. Responsible for growing and farming practices






4. The target antigen (protein) for the vaccine is more easily selected and the vaccines can be generated much faster in microbes than in eggs






5. Skin and cartilage






6. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions






7. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal






8. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell






9. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)






10. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






11. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid






12. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






13. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs






14. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)






15. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






16. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






17. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines






18. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






19. The nucleotide sequences are present in the initial mRNA transcript but are excised prior to translation






20. Focuses on certain absolute principles which should follow out of sense of duty and should dictate our actions






21. IPS (induced pluripotent) - ESC (embryonic stem cells - and ASC (adult stem cells






22. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






23. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






24. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






25. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






26. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;






27. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






28. Is produced by a hybridoma (the fusion of a mature b- cell and an 'immortal' myeloma cancer cell - Is a single type of antibody that cross - reacts to only one target - one portion of the antigen against which it was made - Are generally much more sp






29. Greatest good for the greatest number






30. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics






31. Injection into the organism






32. RFLP and PCR






33. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells






34. A problem with gene therapy






35. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w






36. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






37. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells






38. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine






39. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






40. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc






41. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






42. Prevent crops from freezing (ice-) - slow the breakdown of food (tomatoes) - create pesticides to stop infestations






43. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






44. Responsible for drug - food items - and cosmetics






45. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications






46. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA






47. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances






48. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






49. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






50. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid