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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;






2. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






3. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs






4. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring






5. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c






6. A problem with gene therapy






7. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc






8. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






9. Turn off specific genes






10. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell






11. RFLP and PCR






12. Greatest good for the greatest number






13. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






14. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






15. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics






16. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






17. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation






18. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid






19. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS






20. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un






21. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)






22. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






23. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






24. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications






25. Skin and cartilage






26. Cells and matrixes






27. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell






28. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells






29. Environmental Protection Agency - protecting endangered species to establishing emission standards for cars - regulates pesticides and herbicides - gmo's with pest resistance - monitors pesticide levels to ensure safe eating levels - the control of p






30. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances






31. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






32. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine






33. Responsible for growing and farming practices






34. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal






35. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)






36. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






37. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals






38. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






39. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






40. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






41. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid






42. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones






43. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age






44. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






45. Injection into the organism






46. Prevent crops from freezing (ice-) - slow the breakdown of food (tomatoes) - create pesticides to stop infestations






47. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)






48. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






49. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade






50. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell