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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A problem with gene therapy






2. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






3. Responsible for growing and farming practices






4. Greatest good for the greatest number






5. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY






6. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






7. Cells and matrixes






8. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)






9. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






10. US Patent and Trademark Office - only one required by the constitution - oversees patenting






11. Fusion of two protoplast cells from different species: hybrid plant






12. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






13. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






14. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






15. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells






16. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






17. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






18. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications






19. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






20. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






21. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA






22. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w






23. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






24. Turn off specific genes






25. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)






26. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age






27. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade






28. Pieces of DNA that can accept carry and replicate other pieces of DNA






29. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






30. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell






31. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell






32. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)






33. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations






34. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






35. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






36. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell






37. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un






38. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions






39. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response






40. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






41. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version






42. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation


43. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






44. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid






45. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c






46. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






47. Skin and cartilage






48. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics






49. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






50. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc