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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - protects public health and safety - provides information about health decisions and promotes health programs - works with disease - food- borne pathogens - occupational safety.






2. US Patent and Trademark Office - only one required by the constitution - oversees patenting






3. Is produced by a hybridoma (the fusion of a mature b- cell and an 'immortal' myeloma cancer cell - Is a single type of antibody that cross - reacts to only one target - one portion of the antigen against which it was made - Are generally much more sp






4. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics






5. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring






6. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation

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7. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)






8. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version






9. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine






10. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






11. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells






12. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






13. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells






14. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






15. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)






16. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






17. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






18. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






19. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions






20. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






21. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






22. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid






23. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal






24. Turn off specific genes






25. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations






26. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






27. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation






28. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






29. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade






30. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines






31. RFLP and PCR






32. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)






33. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






34. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






35. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response






36. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






37. The nucleotide sequences are present in the initial mRNA transcript but are excised prior to translation






38. Focuses on certain absolute principles which should follow out of sense of duty and should dictate our actions






39. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






40. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals






41. Protective cold- induced proteins from fish that live in very cold climates






42. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






43. Responsible for drug - food items - and cosmetics






44. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid






45. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age






46. Pieces of DNA that can accept carry and replicate other pieces of DNA






47. The target antigen (protein) for the vaccine is more easily selected and the vaccines can be generated much faster in microbes than in eggs






48. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






49. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA






50. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c