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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Injection into the organism






2. Environmental Protection Agency - protecting endangered species to establishing emission standards for cars - regulates pesticides and herbicides - gmo's with pest resistance - monitors pesticide levels to ensure safe eating levels - the control of p






3. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade






4. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS






5. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response






6. Cells and matrixes






7. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






8. Responsible for growing and farming practices






9. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version






10. Greatest good for the greatest number






11. Protective cold- induced proteins from fish that live in very cold climates






12. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






13. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






14. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






15. A problem with gene therapy






16. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -






17. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA






18. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






19. Skin and cartilage






20. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






21. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un






22. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






23. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells






24. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






25. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






26. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics






27. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation






28. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications






29. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






30. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY






31. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w






32. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal






33. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






34. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc






35. US Patent and Trademark Office - only one required by the constitution - oversees patenting






36. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells






37. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)






38. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase






39. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation

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40. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid






41. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






42. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA






43. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring






44. IPS (induced pluripotent) - ESC (embryonic stem cells - and ASC (adult stem cells






45. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell






46. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age






47. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones






48. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






49. Focuses on certain absolute principles which should follow out of sense of duty and should dictate our actions






50. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)







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