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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Technology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fusion of two protoplast cells from different species: hybrid plant
protoplast fusion
In vivo gene therapy
Multiple cloning sites
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
2. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid
Multiple cloning sites
Human insulin
What tissue is made of
NIH
3. IPS (induced pluripotent) - ESC (embryonic stem cells - and ASC (adult stem cells
Tumors
three types of stem cells
DNA cloning vectors size
Phase I
4. Greatest good for the greatest number
Desired traits for research animals
Phase III
cDNA
Utilitarian
5. The nucleotide sequences are present in the initial mRNA transcript but are excised prior to translation
B- cells
Intron
ASCs
hESC
6. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un
What are the major types of patents
PCR
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
How can bacteria be used humans
7. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
cDNA
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Drug resistance gene (amp)
8. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c
Ways to clone animals
Use of SNPS
USDA
DNA cloning vectors size
9. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA
PCR
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
Use of SNPS
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
10. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations
Antibodies
Phase II
Phase IV
Tissue regeneration's 3 main areas
11. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
How patents for DNA sequences are different
Deontological (Kantian)
12. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel
Restriction Enzymes
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
AFS
three types of stem cells
13. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version
Origin of replication
Two types of forensic DNA testing
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
Tumors
14. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell
USPto...
Kinds of stem cells
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
cDNA
15. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed
three types of stem cells
AALAS
The general importance of Thalidomide
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
16. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
AALAS
Vector
Phase I
17. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc
USDA
three types of stem cells
ASCs
EPA
18. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs
DNA sequencing primers
Utilitarian
ASCs
Phase IV
19. Responsible for growing and farming practices
Two types of forensic DNA testing
USDA
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
20. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals
AALAS
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
DNA cloning vectors size
A monoclonal antibody
21. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells
Ex vivo gene therapy
hESC
AFS
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
22. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS
Kinds of stem cells
AALAS
APHis...
Phase IV
23. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2
Aim of tissue regeneration
Oxidation is important in bioremediation because...
ASCs
Phase IV
24. Responsible for drug - food items - and cosmetics
Selectable marker genes
Multiple cloning sites
FDA
Drug resistance gene (amp)
25. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)
Phase I
NIH
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
What tissue is made of
26. The target antigen (protein) for the vaccine is more easily selected and the vaccines can be generated much faster in microbes than in eggs
CDC
Tissue regeneration's 3 main areas
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
Phase I
27. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones
cDNA
leaf fragment technique
AALAS
Aim of tissue regeneration
28. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances
Superfund site
Origin of replication
The general importance of Thalidomide
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
29. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends
Tumors
Restriction Enzymes
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
AALAS
30. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade
Oxidation is important in bioremediation because...
Use of SNPS
cDNA
RFLP
31. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics
B- cells
FDA
APHis...
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
32. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
Desired traits for research animals
Ways to clone animals
33. A problem with gene therapy
agrobacter characteristics
Intron
How patents for DNA sequences are different
Tumors
34. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector
anti- freeze proteins
Drug resistance gene (amp)
uses of stem cells
FDA
35. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -
ASCs
Phase III
PCR
Ways to clone animals
36. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
cDNA
RFLP analysis...
APHis...
37. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell
agrobacter characteristics
In vivo gene therapy
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Deontological (Kantian)
38. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices
USDA
Use of SNPS
ASCs
USPto...
39. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions
Phase I
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
40. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs
DNA cloning vectors size
In vivo gene therapy
APHis...
uses of stem cells
41. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue
Aim of tissue regeneration
Intron
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
DNA sequencing primers
42. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))
USDA
FDA
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
43. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
Ways to introduce new genetic material into animals
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Drug resistance gene (amp)
44. Pieces of DNA that can accept carry and replicate other pieces of DNA
Aim of tissue regeneration
protoplast fusion
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
Vector
45. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
AALAS
DNA cloning vectors size
Selectable marker genes
46. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
Human insulin
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
47. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell
protoplast fusion
Ex vivo gene therapy
AFS
Phase IV
48. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase
Use of antisense RNA technology
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
Superfund site
49. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
What are the major types of patents
Tissue regeneration's 3 main areas
50. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells
DNA sequencing primers
iPS
USPto...
Phase II