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Genetic Engineering Technology

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries






2. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))






3. Recognize and bind to the antigen - Each individual cell has ONE antibody - First exposure to a foreign protein: B- cells cross - react to the protein - proliferate - and produce antibodies against the protein






4. Injection into the organism






5. RFLP and PCR






6. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA






7. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends






8. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed






9. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices






10. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response






11. Responsible for growing and farming practices






12. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations






13. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent






14. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's






15. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances






16. Cells and matrixes






17. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis






18. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation






19. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2






20. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -






21. Protective cold- induced proteins from fish that live in very cold climates






22. Laboratory technique uses a DNA polymerase from bacteria that grow in geysers - Allows for the exponential increase in the synthesis of specific segments of DNA






23. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs






24. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade






25. Genes allow for selection and identification of bacteria that has been modified (undergone recombination)






26. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person






27. Used in fingerprinting - Less DNA and can be slightly degraded - Extremely sensitive to contaminating DNA






28. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring






29. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY






30. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones






31. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell






32. Turn off specific genes






33. A problem with gene therapy






34. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel






35. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue






36. Greatest good for the greatest number






37. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals






38. Responsible for drug - food items - and cosmetics






39. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS






40. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell






41. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - protects public health and safety - provides information about health decisions and promotes health programs - works with disease - food- borne pathogens - occupational safety.






42. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)






43. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation


44. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid






45. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (






46. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector






47. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c






48. Find genes that are associated with a disease - Find unknown means of infection - Find new targets for drugs and vaccines






49. Pieces of DNA that can accept carry and replicate other pieces of DNA






50. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions