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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Technology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Small group - 20-80 SAFETY - to establish dose range and side effects;
Human insulin
Multiple cloning sites
EPA
Phase I
2. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person
Desired traits for research animals
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
RFLP
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
3. 2 -00-5 -000 base pairs
Selectable marker genes
Vector
DNA cloning vectors size
In vivo gene therapy
4. Short reproductive cycles - similar physiology to humans - sufficient database of knowledge about the organisms genetics - don't have dorsal fins and rows of large sharp teeth - they produce a relatively large number of offspring
Desired traits for research animals
Use of SNPS
Drug resistance gene (amp)
EPA
5. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c
What are the major types of patents
A monoclonal antibody
Use of SNPS
Selectable marker genes
6. A problem with gene therapy
Tumors
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
Origin of replication
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
7. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc
EPA
Use of SNPS
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
In vivo gene therapy
8. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed
B- cells
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
In vivo gene therapy
The general importance of Thalidomide
9. Turn off specific genes
Use of antisense RNA technology
DNA sequencing primers
Multiple cloning sites
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
10. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell
Intron
Ex vivo gene therapy
DNA cloning vectors size
FDA
11. RFLP and PCR
Two types of forensic DNA testing
Oxidation is important in bioremediation because...
Superfund site
anti- freeze proteins
12. Greatest good for the greatest number
Antibodies
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
Utilitarian
three types of stem cells
13. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -
PCR
Desired traits for research animals
Phase III
DNA sequencing primers
14. National Institute of Health - foremost medical research center - makes important health discoveries
Desired traits for research animals
NIH
APHis...
AALAS
15. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics
FDA
uses of stem cells
How can bacteria be used humans
protoplast fusion
16. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs
RFLP
ASCs
How can bacteria be used humans
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
17. Both for reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning - treat leukemia: create white blood cell - sickle cell anemia: cord blood - form bone in skull: fat cells - repair heart cells - neuron creation
uses of stem cells
Use of antisense RNA technology
cDNA
EPA
18. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid
AFS
DNA sequencing primers
What are the major types of patents
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
19. HESC - ASCs - AFS - iPS
RFLP
Kinds of stem cells
Phase III
How can bacteria be used humans
20. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un
How can bacteria be used humans
FDA
Use of antisense RNA technology
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
21. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)
agrobacter characteristics
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
22. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends
anti- freeze proteins
Restriction Enzymes
uses of stem cells
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
23. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -
three types of stem cells
AALAS
leaf fragment technique
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
24. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications
Human insulin
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
RFLP
EPA
25. Skin and cartilage
ASCs
Multiple cloning sites
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
Ways to clone animals
26. Cells and matrixes
Use of SNPS
Restriction Enzymes
What are the major types of patents
What tissue is made of
27. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell
Aim of tissue regeneration
Origin of replication
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
Selectable marker genes
28. Induced pluripotent stem cells - nuclear reprogrammed somatic cells
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
iPS
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
The general importance of Thalidomide
29. Environmental Protection Agency - protecting endangered species to establishing emission standards for cars - regulates pesticides and herbicides - gmo's with pest resistance - monitors pesticide levels to ensure safe eating levels - the control of p
Origin of replication
B- cells
Intron
EPA
30. The act that started the clean up of sites that had hazardous substances
Drug resistance gene (amp)
Superfund site
AALAS
Was to purify DNA
31. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices
cDNA
How can bacteria be used humans
EPA
USDA
32. Composition of matter (chemical union) - Method - Article of Manufacture - Machine
Two types of forensic DNA testing
Phase I
What are the major types of patents
AALAS
33. Responsible for growing and farming practices
Human insulin
Was to purify DNA
agrobacter characteristics
USDA
34. Short stretched of DNA with single base pair changes (wildtype) - Short length allows distinguishing which allele is present - Allows the probe to stay attached to the target DNA - Perfectly matched will cause a signal
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
Aim of tissue regeneration
Superfund site
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
35. Treat DNA with restriction enzyme - Use agarose gel electrophoresis to separate pieces - Chemically treat/heat/denature DNA (allows for single stranded probes to bind)
Utilitarian
RFLP analysis...
USDA
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
36. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue
How can bacteria be used humans
Aim of tissue regeneration
Ways to clone animals
FDA
37. Responsible for the standard of treatment for laboratory animals
AFS
iPS
How can bacteria be used humans
AALAS
38. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
hESC
Phase IV
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
39. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel
In vivo gene therapy
ASCs
Restriction Enzymes
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
40. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase
Two types of forensic DNA testing
RFLP analysis...
ASCs
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
41. Stretch of DNA with recognition sequences for various types of restriction enzymes - In plasmid - Allows for range of DNA fragments to be cloned in the plasmid
Multiple cloning sites
iPS
hESC
Phase II
42. Cut small discs of leaf - culture in genetically modified agrobacter - Leaf discs are treated with hormones
anti- freeze proteins
Phase III
Desired traits for research animals
leaf fragment technique
43. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age
Phase III
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
APHis...
Use of antisense RNA technology
44. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's
APHis...
Multiple cloning sites
FDA
Tissue regeneration's 3 main areas
45. Injection into the organism
In vivo gene therapy
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
FDA
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
46. Prevent crops from freezing (ice-) - slow the breakdown of food (tomatoes) - create pesticides to stop infestations
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
cDNA
USDA
Phase II
47. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
Ways to clone animals
Human insulin
In vivo gene therapy
48. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis
Was to purify DNA
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
give three examples of how genetically engineered plants can increase food production
Use of SNPS
49. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
Reasons for studying microbes genomes
Superfund site
RFLP
50. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell
cDNA
AFS
Vector
PCR