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Test your basic knowledge |
Genetic Engineering Technology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A problem with gene therapy
USDA
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
Tumors
2. Chemically - Mechanically - New ways to take from levis
USPto...
CDC
What tissue is made of
Was to purify DNA
3. Responsible for growing and farming practices
Phase II
USDA
Two types of forensic DNA testing
Intron
4. Greatest good for the greatest number
Human insulin
Utilitarian
USDA
DNA sequencing primers
5. Tested on those with disease - 100-300 EFFICACY
Aim of tissue regeneration
CDC
Phase II
RFLP analysis...
6. VNTR's (variable number tandem repeats) and Subsets (STR short tandem repeats (CODIS))
agrobacter characteristics
EPA
uses of stem cells
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
7. Cells and matrixes
What tissue is made of
leaf fragment technique
DNA sequencing primers
CDC
8. 1-6 nucleotide repeats throughout the chromosome - 13 unique STRs used by the FBI for testing (CODIS)
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
ASCs
Was to purify DNA
AALAS
9. 1 -000-3 -000 (double- blind) - COMPARITIVE BENEFIT TO OTHER CURRENT DRUGS - confirm effectiveness - monitor side effects - compare to used treatments - and collect info -
Desired traits for research animals
FDA
The general importance of Thalidomide
Phase III
10. US Patent and Trademark Office - only one required by the constitution - oversees patenting
USDA
Tumors
uses of stem cells
USPto...
11. Fusion of two protoplast cells from different species: hybrid plant
A monoclonal antibody
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
protoplast fusion
Phase I
12. Human embryonic stem cells - from embryos left over or created - have the ability to undergo differentiation - pluripotent
Vector
Phase II
hESC
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
13. Only 1/100th of DNA differs from person to person
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
Vector
RFLP
14. Advancement and regulation of agriculture - pests - plants and vet biologics - growing and farming practices
Human insulin
USDA
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
AALAS
15. Amniotic fluid- derived stem cells - Coaxed to become other cells
AFS
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
Ways to introduce new genetic material into animals
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
16. Must be able to define its specific utility (must know exactly what it does... specifically) - show its substantial utility (real world use) - meet the credible utility requirement (be backed by sound science) - and not be similar to something else (
How patents for DNA sequences are different
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
protoplast fusion
PCR
17. DNA copy of an mRNA molecule expressed in a cell
cDNA
Desired traits for research animals
Selectable marker genes
Deontological (Kantian)
18. First cloned and expressed in bacteria - was effective because it DOES NOT require glycosylation - and so did not need 'eukaryotic- specific' post- translational modifications
Origin of replication
A monoclonal antibody
Intron
Human insulin
19. To create or modulate tissue to replace or augment diseased or damaged tissue
NIH
iPS
Aim of tissue regeneration
USDA
20. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science - oversees the treatment of laboratory animals -
B- cells
AALAS
protoplast fusion
Reasons why you can not just compare DNA in fingerprinting
21. Embryo twinning (split embyos in half) - cloned from adult DNA
NIH
anti- freeze proteins
Ways to clone animals
USPto...
22. Retrovirus - mediated transgenics (infect mouse embryo with retrovirus and implant) - pronuclear microinjection (introduce transgenic DNA during zygote development - inject into sperm or egg) - embryonic stem cell method (embryonic stem cells mixed w
Multiple cloning sites
Restriction Enzymes
Ways to introduce new genetic material into animals
protoplast fusion
23. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - branch of USDA - protects agriculture from pest and diseases - permits for developing gmo's
APHis...
Kinds of stem cells
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
Drug resistance gene (amp)
24. Turn off specific genes
The general importance of Thalidomide
Use of antisense RNA technology
RFLP analysis...
How can bacteria be used humans
25. Plasmids that are successfully engineered are white - If the gene is blue it is not effected - White colonies are inserted into the clone of DNA on Bgal site - Allows for detection of successful ligation (in vector- based gene cloning)
Phase IV
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
protoplast fusion
blue- white (B- galactosidase)
26. Expensive - have short life spans (short telomeres) - cloned from previous animals age
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
Utilitarian
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
27. Restriction fragment length polymorphism: used in fingerprinting - Requires larger amount of DNA - Can not degrade
RFLP
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
Human insulin
agrobacter characteristics
28. Pieces of DNA that can accept carry and replicate other pieces of DNA
Ways to clone animals
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
Phase IV
Vector
29. Adult- dervied stem cells - Can differentiate but not as pluripotent as hESCs
protoplast fusion
Oxidation is important in bioremediation because...
RFLP analysis...
ASCs
30. Isolate cells - inject gene - then reimplant cell
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
Ex vivo gene therapy
FDA
31. The site for DNA replication that allows the plasmids to replicate separately from the host cell's chromosome - component of cloning vector that allows it to replicate itself inside a bacterial cell
Restriction Enzymes
evaluated in DNA fingerprinting
Origin of replication
Use of SNPS
32. Informed consent is required: must know the risks (not actually receiving the drug)
Superfund site
Utilitarian
Ethical dilemma using placebos - when they were on drugs before- how does FDA address this...
Ways to introduce new genetic material into animals
33. Done after treatment has been marketed and used - studied in various populations
Phase IV
Phase I
AALAS
How patents for DNA sequences are different
34. Introduced as a sedative in 50's - caused birth defects - caused stricter regulations testing before drugs and pesticides were licensed
In vivo gene therapy
Desired traits for research animals
DNA sequencing primers
The general importance of Thalidomide
35. Allows for transcription of RNA (in vivo and in vitro) by RNA polymerase
Why the cloning of animals is inefficient
uses of stem cells
RNA polymerase promoter sequences
protoplast fusion
36. Soil bacterium that infects plants - contains TI plasmid that can be genetically modified - DNA from the TI plasmid integrates with DNA of the host cell
What tissue is made of
agrobacter characteristics
ASCs
USPto...
37. Can't be used if bacteria does not have the same post- translational modifications as eukaryotes --- no glycosylation - Can use bacteria to produce eukaryotic proteins only if the protein does not require any post- translational modifications. (Or un
What tissue is made of
How can bacteria be used humans
What are the major types of patents
PCR
38. Cell consistency - Scaffold design and prep - Bioreactor design - Producing in the right size - Time of production - Clinical use - Regulatory approval - Ethical questions
Phase IV
EPA
PCR
Problems to overcome in tissue regeneration
39. Antigens are foreign substances that stimulate an immune response
Origin of replication
Utilitarian
Antibodies
protoplast fusion
40. It sequentially breaks down toxic compounds - eventually to water and CO2
Oxidation is important in bioremediation because...
Ex vivo gene therapy
Detecting microsatellites (STR)
USDA
41. Humans are more likely to generate an unwanted immune response to the mouse version of the antibody than to the humanized version
EPA
Human insulin
The general importance of Thalidomide
portions of mouse antibody genes that are used to make therapeutic mononclonal antibodies are routinely replaced with the equivalent portion from a human antibody gene because...
42. Scaffolds - cells - cultivation
43. Component of the cloning vector that allows for the selection of those bacteria colonies that actually were transformed by the vector
Was to purify DNA
Tissue regeneration's 3 main areas
B- cells
Drug resistance gene (amp)
44. Sequences that allows the nucleotide sequencing of cloned DNA fragments that are inserted into the plasmid
Use of antisense RNA technology
DNA sequencing primers
Phase I
three types of stem cells
45. Genetically type biological tissue - identify matching pairs (that cause undesirable traits in offspring) - and can show these traits early in development - check for curly calf syndrome - water head - fawn calf syndrome - dwarfism - dsytocia - and c
Origin of replication
Use of SNPS
ASCs
the expected advantages of producing recombinant vaccines in microbes instead of eggs are...
46. Not obvious - Have a use - be novel
agrobacter characteristics
three types of stem cells
What must an invention do in order to be patentable
Vector
47. Skin and cartilage
Intron
Examples of successful commercial tissue regeneration
Multiple cloning sites
Use of antisense RNA technology
48. Food and Drug Administration - in charge of processed foods and medication - oversees the lab practices - phase testing of drugs - drug - food items - cosmetics
protoplast fusion
three types of stem cells
FDA
How can bacteria be used humans
49. Each type of the enzyme cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence - DNA cutting enzymes - Bind and cut at recognition sequences or restriction sites - Either create cohesive (sticky) ends or blunt ends
APHis...
Restriction Enzymes
Kinds of stem cells
RFLP
50. Responsible for the control of pesticides - herbicides - etc
Phase I
AALAS
Utilitarian
EPA