SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Geology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The broad - relatively flat regions of the ocean that lie at a depth of about 4-5km below sea level.
Paleomagnetism
Five steps of clastic sedimentary rock formation
Sulfides
Abyssal plains
2. Physical features of the land surface represented by changes in elevation.
Topography
Diagenesis
Turbidite
Plutons
3. Type of rock; accumulated sand bars - within are mineral grains of quartz and feldspar - this sediment if buried and lithified.
Arkose
Flood basalts
Special properties of minerals
Organic chemicals
4. A cut and finished stone ready to be used in jewelry. Examples - diamond - ruby - sapphire - emerald.
Gem
Light silicates
Crystal structure
Shield volcano
5. Volcanic landform; bulbous mass of congealed lava - associated with explosive eruptions of gas-rich magma.
Lava domes
Source rock composition
Sea-floor spreading
Biomineralization
6. The compiled data from many marine cruises which defined a distinctive - striped and alternating bands of paleomagnetism.
Lithification
Flood basalts
Marine magnetic anomaly
Carbonates
7. The Earth radiated heat into space and slowly cooled. Eventually - the early formed sea of lava solidified and formed igneous rock. The cumulative effect of radioactivity has been sufficient to slow the cooling of the planet and subsequently allow fo
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
8. Two different minerals which have the same composition but have different crystal structures.
Polymorphs
Gem
Glass
Stratagraphic formation
9. If a stoped block does not melt entirely - but rather becomes surrounded by new igneous rock - it becomes this; xeno - meaning foreign.
Igneous rocks
Xenolith
Salt wedging
Magma mixing
10. A solid in which atoms are not arranged in an orderly pattern. Forms when a liquid freezes so fast that atoms do not have time to organize into an orderly pattern.
Glass
Erosion
Carbonate rocks
Igneous rocks
11. During the final stages of cooling - lava flows contract and may fracture into roughly hexagonal columns.
Regolith
Bedding
Columnar jointing
B-horizon
12. Type of volcano; built from ejected lava fragments - cone shaped piles of tephra - steep slope angle - smaller in size - frequently occur in groups - deep craters.
Crystal lattice
Elemental composition of Earth
Peridotite
Cinder cone
13. Outer surface level of Earth; composed of granite - basalt - and gabbro. Continental: mostly about 35-40km thick . Oceanic: about 7-10km thick. Oxygen - by far the most abundant element.
Tuff
Dissolution
Crust
Oxidation
14. Mineral crystal formation type; form from a solution - meaning that atoms - molecules - or ions dissolved in water bond together out of water.
Cementation
Coal
atmospheres (atm)
Precipitation
15. A vent at Which melt from inside the Earth spews onto the planet's surface. Erupt.
Silicate minerals
Hydrolysis
Volcano
Thermal expansion
16. A mafic rock with small grains. Extrusive - aphanitic igneous rock.
Outcrop
Factors of magma cooling time
Basalt
rifting
17. Sedimentary rocks consisting of carbon-rich relicts of plants.
Organic sedimentary rocks
The effect of viscosity on eruptive style
Crystal
Continental drift evidence
18. An exposure of bedrock.
Outcrop
Tephra
Cement
Special properties of minerals
19. Mineral group; olivine group - pyroxene group - amphibole group.
Dark Silicates
Volatiles
Glass
Loam
20. A plate boundary at which two plates move toward one another so that one plate sinks beneath the other. Subduction zones; Engage the sinking process known as subduction - between plates - consuming old oceanic lithosphere due to high density. Can sim
Phreatomagmatic eruptions
Convergent plate boundary
Hydrolysis
Carbonates
21. Mineral class; the molecule CO23 serves as the anionic group. Elements like calcium or magnesium bond to this group. Examples - calcite and dolomite.
Crystal habit
Cross beds
Mineral crystal destruction
Carbonates
22. The freely pivoting up and down compass needle's angle of tilt relative to the location upon the Earth's surface. At the equator - the specialized magnetic needle would position horizontally and at a magnetic pole it would point straight down.
Crystalline
Partial melting
Regression
Magnetic inclination
23. Sedimentary rock composed of calcite or dolomite.
Sulfates
Sedimentary rocks
Rocks
Carbonate rocks
24. Type of lava flow; mafic - low viscosity - extremely hot - flows very quickly.
Basaltic lava flows
Fracture zones
Root wedging
Metamorphic foliation
25. Develops because mid-ocean ridges lie at a higher elevation than the adjacent abyssal plains of the ocean. The surface of the sea floor overall slopes away from the ridge axis. Gravity causes the elevated lithosphere at the ridge axis to push on the
Area of igneous activity
Factors classifying clastic sedimentary rocks
Ridge-push force
Diagenesis
26. Natural cracks that form in rocks due to removal of overburden or due to cooling.
Jointing
Plutons
Granitic magma
Differential weathering
27. The layering nature of sedimentary rocks - surface features of layers formed during deposition - and the arrangement of grains within layers.
Chert
Evaporites
Sedimentary structure
Cross beds
28. Cause of melting; magma can also form at locations where chemicals called volatiles mix with hot mantle rock. Elements such as water and carbon dioxide mix with hot rock - helping to break chemical bonds - so that if you add volatiles to a solid - ho
Volatiles
Ripples
Volcano
Granitic magma
29. Actively slipping segment of a fracture zone between two ocean ridge segments - these faults make a third type of plate boundary - transforms.
Sedimentary rocks
Coal
Luster
Transform fault
30. Core division; from a depth of 5155km down to Earth's center at 6371km. A radius of about 1220km - is solid iron-nickel alloy - can reach temperature of 4700 degrees C. Solid in nature because of subjection to greater pressure - keeps atoms from wand
Granite
Jointing
Decompression
Inner core
31. Some rock bodies appear to contain distinct formations - defined either by bands of different compositions or textures - or by the alignment of inequant grains so that they trend parallel to one another.
Fumerolic mineralization
Graded bed
Mantle
Rock layering
32. Form from grains that break off preexisting rock and become cemented together - or from minerals that precipitate out of a water solution.
Sedimentary rocks
Magma
Rhyolitic lava flows
Outer core
33. Type of soil; forms from sediment that has been carried in from elsewhere. Include those formed from deposits left by rivers - glaciers - or wind.
Transported soil
Biochemical sedimentary rocks
Crystalline
Limestone
34. Irregular or blob-shaped intrusions that range in size from tens of meters across to tens of kilometers across.
Plutons
Bed
Intrusive igneous rock
Convective flow
35. Rigid outer layer of Earth - 100-150km thick. Consists of the crust plus the uppermost part of the mantle.
Lithosphere
Oxides
Transported soil
Gem
36. Chemical weathering occurring in warm - wet climates can produce a layer of rotten rock - over 100km thick.
Glass
Magnetic declination
Saprolite
Continental drift hypothesis
37. A type of carbonate rock; rocks formed from the calcite or aragonite skeletons of organisms form this biochemical sedimentary rock.
Limestone
Outer core
Sulfates
Streak
38. Core division; between 2900 and 5155km deep. Liquid iron alloy - it exists as a liquid because the temperature here is so high that even the great pressures squeezing the region cannot lock atoms into a solid framework. This liquid iron alloy is able
Outer core
O-horizon
Stoping
Convergent plate boundary
39. A felsic rock with large grains. Intrusive - phaneritic igneous rock.
650-1100 degrees C
pahoehoe
Granite
Symmetry
40. Type of volcanic eruption; takes place when water gains access to the hot rock around the magma chamber and suddenly transforms into steam - a pyroclastic eruption involving the reaction of water with magma.
Facets
Slab-pull force
Erosion
Phreatomagmatic eruptions
41. Natural bond connecting rocks; mineral material that precipitates from water and fills the space between grains.
Superplumes
Color
Cement
Volcano
42. Active hot-spot volcanoes commonly occur at the end of a chain of dead volcanoes.
Chemical weathering
Diagenesis
Fragmental igneous rocks
Hot-spot track
43. Solids composed of metal atoms (such as iron - aluminum - copper - and tin). Within this type of solid - outer electrons are able to flow freely.
Metals
Organic chemicals
Crystal lattice
Silicate minerals
44. A column of very hot rock that flows upward until it reaches the base of the lithosphere. In this model - such deep-mantle plumes form because heat rising from the Earth's core is warming rock at the base of the mantle. A possible explanation to the
Pyroclastic flows
Mantle plume
Oxides
Crystalline igneous rocks
45. The display of the pattern of atoms or ions within a mineral. Meaning that the shape of one part of a mineral is a mirror image of the shape of another part.
Continental drift hypothesis
Caliche
Flood basalts
Symmetry
46. A fine spray of lava instantly freezes to form fine particles of glass.
Asthenosphere
Seamount chains
Ash
pahoehoe
47. An envelope of gas surrounding Earth consisting of 78% nitrogen (N2) and 28% oxygen (O2) - with minor amounts 1% of argon - carbon dioxide - methane - etc. And 99% of the gas in the atmosphere lies below 50km.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
48. A thick accumulation of sediment (10-15km) - the surface of this sediment layer is this broad - shallow region.
Continental shelf
Chemical weathering
Silicate minerals
Halides
49. Volcanic landform; steep walled depression at the summit - size exceeds one kilometer in diameter.
Assimilation
Mantle plume
Chert
Calderas
50. Physical property of a mineral; different minerals fracture in different ways - depending on the internal arrangement of atoms. If a mineral breaks to form distinct planar surfaces that have a specific orientation in relation to the crystal structure
Assimilation
Continental shelf
Turbidity current
Fracture and cleavage