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Gnarly Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 38 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Sympathetic innervation to the lower extremity is supplied by which spinal cord segments
T11-L2
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

2. Plyometric muscle contraction
Ribs 1-5
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.

3. Which ribs display pump handle motion?
Ribs 1-5
CRPS-2
T11-L2
External rotation - flexion

4. Inhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
Most inferior
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.

5. Isometric contraction
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
It flexes (nutates)
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment

6. Which ribs display bucket handle motion?
Ribs 6-10
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones

7. Patients typically complain of an acute - rapid-onset 'worst headache of their their life.' It may be accompanied by visual disturbances - loss of consciousness - nausea - vomiting - and intractable pain.
The longitudinal arch is raised
Ribs 11-12
Rupture of berry aneurysm
10-14 cycles per minute

8. The purpose of the venous sinus technique
Rupture of berry aneurysm
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Tension HA
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses

9. Concentric muscle contractions
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
The longitudinal arch is raised
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

10. Pes cavus
The longitudinal arch is raised
It flexes (nutates)
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.

11. Eccentric muscle contractions
It extends (counternutates)
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
CRPS-1
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.

12. Isokinetic muscle contractions

13. Symptoms of an ascending headache associated with hypertonicity of the head and neck - diffuse pain - and absence of neurological symptoms or photosensitivity
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Tension HA
CRPS-2
Most inferior

14. Widespread edema - diminished hair growth - cracked and brittle nails - severe and diffuse osteoporosis - joints thickening - and muscle atrophy; with evidence of nerve injury
CRPS-2
Cluster headaches
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
It flexes (nutates)

15. Factors that slow the PRM
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
It extends (counternutates)
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.

16. Headache that is unilateral and periorbital with a rapid onset. They are commonly associated with nasal stuffiness - watery eyes
CRPS-2
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Cluster headaches

17. Purpose of vault hold
It extends (counternutates)
Tension HA
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis

18. Name the 4 attachments of the dura mater to the skeleton
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Most superior
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

19. Which ribs display caliper motion?
It extends (counternutates)
Ribs 11-12
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
CRPS-1

20. Pseudotumor cerebri
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
It flexes (nutates)
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.

21. Tarsal tunnel syndrome
CRPS-1
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.

22. Paired bones of the cranium
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
T1-T4
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.

23. Purpose of V spread
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
Tension HA
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis

24. Which spinal cord segments supply sympathetic innervation to the head and neck
T1-T4
External rotation - flexion
It extends (counternutates)
Ribs 6-10

25. Normal pace of PRM
Tension HA
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
10-14 cycles per minute
It flexes (nutates)

26. During the craniosacral flexion phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Flattened longitudinal arch
It extends (counternutates)
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

27. Where does the dura mater attach in the sacrum?
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
T11-L2
Ribs 6-10
Cluster headaches

28. Midline bones of the cranium
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Ribs 11-12
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones

29. Isotonic

30. Four F's associated with Cholecystitis
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
Tension HA

31. Purpose of CV4
It flexes (nutates)
Ribs 11-12
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
CRPS-2

32. Exhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Rupture of berry aneurysm
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Most superior
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.

33. Severe - burning pain at the site of injury with no evidence of nerve injury
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
CRPS-2
Ribs 11-12
CRPS-1

34. Pes planus
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Flattened longitudinal arch

35. On inhalation How do the paired bones move? the midline bones?
T11-L2
Flattened longitudinal arch
External rotation - flexion
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.

36. Isolytic muscle contractions
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
T1-T4

37. During the craniosacral extension phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
Cluster headaches
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
It flexes (nutates)
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.

38. Purpose of cranial lift technique
Ribs 1-5
10-14 cycles per minute
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.