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Gnarly Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 38 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Sympathetic innervation to the lower extremity is supplied by which spinal cord segments
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
T11-L2

2. Symptoms of an ascending headache associated with hypertonicity of the head and neck - diffuse pain - and absence of neurological symptoms or photosensitivity
Tension HA
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones

3. Tarsal tunnel syndrome
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
The longitudinal arch is raised
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.

4. Inhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
External rotation - flexion
Cluster headaches
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
Most inferior

5. Midline bones of the cranium
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
T1-T4
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
It extends (counternutates)

6. Four F's associated with Cholecystitis
T11-L2
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
It flexes (nutates)
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.

7. Where does the dura mater attach in the sacrum?
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
It flexes (nutates)
10-14 cycles per minute
CRPS-1

8. Purpose of V spread
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

9. The purpose of the venous sinus technique
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Ribs 1-5
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse

10. Which ribs display caliper motion?
Ribs 11-12
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Most superior
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.

11. During the craniosacral flexion phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
It extends (counternutates)
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
T11-L2
Ribs 11-12

12. Which spinal cord segments supply sympathetic innervation to the head and neck
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
CRPS-1
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
T1-T4

13. Headache that is unilateral and periorbital with a rapid onset. They are commonly associated with nasal stuffiness - watery eyes
External rotation - flexion
Cluster headaches
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

14. Name the 4 attachments of the dura mater to the skeleton
CRPS-2
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
CRPS-1

15. Factors that slow the PRM
Flattened longitudinal arch
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.

16. Widespread edema - diminished hair growth - cracked and brittle nails - severe and diffuse osteoporosis - joints thickening - and muscle atrophy; with evidence of nerve injury
CRPS-2
10-14 cycles per minute
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis

17. Eccentric muscle contractions
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
T1-T4
External rotation - flexion

18. Normal pace of PRM
CRPS-1
Most superior
Most inferior
10-14 cycles per minute

19. Which ribs display pump handle motion?
T11-L2
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
Ribs 6-10
Ribs 1-5

20. Purpose of cranial lift technique
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Ribs 6-10
10-14 cycles per minute
Rupture of berry aneurysm

21. Purpose of CV4
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Most superior

22. During the craniosacral extension phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
Ribs 11-12
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
It flexes (nutates)

23. Pes cavus
The longitudinal arch is raised
Flattened longitudinal arch
Ribs 11-12
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.

24. Severe - burning pain at the site of injury with no evidence of nerve injury
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
CRPS-1

25. Isometric contraction
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
T11-L2
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses

26. On inhalation How do the paired bones move? the midline bones?
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
It extends (counternutates)
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
External rotation - flexion

27. Isokinetic muscle contractions

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28. Paired bones of the cranium
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
T11-L2
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones

29. Patients typically complain of an acute - rapid-onset 'worst headache of their their life.' It may be accompanied by visual disturbances - loss of consciousness - nausea - vomiting - and intractable pain.
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Rupture of berry aneurysm
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis

30. Isotonic

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31. Plyometric muscle contraction
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
It extends (counternutates)

32. Isolytic muscle contractions
It extends (counternutates)
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment

33. Which ribs display bucket handle motion?
Cluster headaches
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
Ribs 6-10

34. Pseudotumor cerebri
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
CRPS-2
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.

35. Exhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Most inferior
Most superior
Flattened longitudinal arch
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection

36. Pes planus
Ribs 11-12
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Flattened longitudinal arch

37. Concentric muscle contractions
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
T11-L2
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

38. Purpose of vault hold
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones