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Gnarly Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 38 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Eccentric muscle contractions
CRPS-2
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
T1-T4

2. Purpose of vault hold
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Ribs 11-12

3. Paired bones of the cranium
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones

4. Factors that slow the PRM
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
The longitudinal arch is raised
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.

5. On inhalation How do the paired bones move? the midline bones?
Most superior
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
External rotation - flexion

6. Patients typically complain of an acute - rapid-onset 'worst headache of their their life.' It may be accompanied by visual disturbances - loss of consciousness - nausea - vomiting - and intractable pain.
Rupture of berry aneurysm
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Ribs 1-5

7. Where does the dura mater attach in the sacrum?
Most superior
CRPS-2
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment

8. Which spinal cord segments supply sympathetic innervation to the head and neck
T1-T4
External rotation - flexion
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence

9. Isolytic muscle contractions
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
T1-T4
It extends (counternutates)

10. Which ribs display pump handle motion?
Ribs 1-5
CRPS-1
It extends (counternutates)
Rupture of berry aneurysm

11. Name the 4 attachments of the dura mater to the skeleton
T1-T4
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Most inferior
Flattened longitudinal arch

12. Tarsal tunnel syndrome
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
It flexes (nutates)
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
Rupture of berry aneurysm

13. Sympathetic innervation to the lower extremity is supplied by which spinal cord segments
Flattened longitudinal arch
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
T1-T4
T11-L2

14. Inhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
External rotation - flexion
Most inferior
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence

15. Pes cavus
External rotation - flexion
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
The longitudinal arch is raised
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence

16. Plyometric muscle contraction
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Tension HA
T11-L2
Most inferior

17. Isokinetic muscle contractions

18. Concentric muscle contractions
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
It extends (counternutates)

19. Which ribs display bucket handle motion?
Ribs 6-10
T1-T4
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
CRPS-2

20. The purpose of the venous sinus technique
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
Most superior
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Ribs 11-12

21. Purpose of cranial lift technique
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
External rotation - flexion
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
The longitudinal arch is raised

22. During the craniosacral flexion phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
It extends (counternutates)
Most superior
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.

23. Normal pace of PRM
T1-T4
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Ribs 11-12
10-14 cycles per minute

24. Exhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Most superior
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
Ribs 6-10
Rupture of berry aneurysm

25. Purpose of CV4
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
CRPS-2
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse

26. Which ribs display caliper motion?
It extends (counternutates)
Ribs 11-12
Cluster headaches
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.

27. Symptoms of an ascending headache associated with hypertonicity of the head and neck - diffuse pain - and absence of neurological symptoms or photosensitivity
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Tension HA

28. Purpose of V spread
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses

29. Pseudotumor cerebri
Most superior
It flexes (nutates)
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.

30. Pes planus
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
Flattened longitudinal arch
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.

31. Midline bones of the cranium
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
It flexes (nutates)
Cluster headaches
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones

32. Four F's associated with Cholecystitis
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
CRPS-1

33. Widespread edema - diminished hair growth - cracked and brittle nails - severe and diffuse osteoporosis - joints thickening - and muscle atrophy; with evidence of nerve injury
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
CRPS-2

34. Headache that is unilateral and periorbital with a rapid onset. They are commonly associated with nasal stuffiness - watery eyes
It extends (counternutates)
T11-L2
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
Cluster headaches

35. During the craniosacral extension phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
Most inferior
It flexes (nutates)
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
10-14 cycles per minute

36. Isometric contraction
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
Flattened longitudinal arch
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

37. Severe - burning pain at the site of injury with no evidence of nerve injury
CRPS-1
CRPS-2
Ribs 1-5
It flexes (nutates)

38. Isotonic