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Gnarly Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 38 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the 4 attachments of the dura mater to the skeleton
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
CRPS-2
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

2. During the craniosacral extension phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
It extends (counternutates)
It flexes (nutates)

3. Widespread edema - diminished hair growth - cracked and brittle nails - severe and diffuse osteoporosis - joints thickening - and muscle atrophy; with evidence of nerve injury
CRPS-2
Ribs 11-12
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

4. On inhalation How do the paired bones move? the midline bones?
Cluster headaches
External rotation - flexion
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
CRPS-1

5. Purpose of cranial lift technique
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
It extends (counternutates)
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.

6. Isolytic muscle contractions
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Tension HA

7. Purpose of CV4
10-14 cycles per minute
External rotation - flexion
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse

8. Isokinetic muscle contractions

9. Concentric muscle contractions
Most inferior
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

10. Pes planus
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Flattened longitudinal arch
10-14 cycles per minute

11. Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Most superior
The longitudinal arch is raised
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
CRPS-2

12. Patients typically complain of an acute - rapid-onset 'worst headache of their their life.' It may be accompanied by visual disturbances - loss of consciousness - nausea - vomiting - and intractable pain.
Cluster headaches
Tension HA
Rupture of berry aneurysm
Ribs 6-10

13. Eccentric muscle contractions
It flexes (nutates)
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
Muscle increases in length with contraction; The muscle elongates while under tension due to opposing forces being greater than the force generated by the muscle - such as the lowering motion of a bicep curl.
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.

14. Pes cavus
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
External rotation - flexion
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
The longitudinal arch is raised

15. Isotonic

16. Sympathetic innervation to the lower extremity is supplied by which spinal cord segments
A form of eccentric contraction where the counterforce is greater than the patient force.
It flexes (nutates)
T11-L2
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2

17. Which ribs display bucket handle motion?
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
Most superior
Ribs 6-10

18. Which ribs display pump handle motion?
Ribs 1-5
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
It flexes (nutates)
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl

19. Factors that slow the PRM
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
CRPS-2
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
Most superior

20. Pseudotumor cerebri
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Ribs 11-12
CRPS-1
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.

21. Inhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Most inferior
It flexes (nutates)
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.

22. Plyometric muscle contraction
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Rupture of berry aneurysm
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.

23. Isometric contraction
T1-T4
It flexes (nutates)
CRPS-1
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.

24. Purpose of vault hold
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
Ribs 11-12
Cluster headaches

25. Which ribs display caliper motion?
Rupture of berry aneurysm
Ribs 11-12
Compression of the posterior tibial nerve and/or the plantar nerve in the tarsal tunnel - resulting in pain and/or paresthesia of the plantar surface.
T1-T4

26. Which spinal cord segments supply sympathetic innervation to the head and neck
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
Aid in the balance of membranous tension.
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
T1-T4

27. Severe - burning pain at the site of injury with no evidence of nerve injury
Ribs 6-10
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
CRPS-1

28. Headache that is unilateral and periorbital with a rapid onset. They are commonly associated with nasal stuffiness - watery eyes
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Ribs 11-12
Constant muscle tension as a muscle changes length (constant force). Eccentric and concentric muscle contractions are two examples of isotonic contractions. Operator force is less than the patient's force.
Cluster headaches

29. Exhaled rib groups are treated by starting at which rib in the set?
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Ribs 11-12
Most superior
T11-L2

30. The purpose of the venous sinus technique
Increase venous flow through the venous sinuses
Stress - depression - chronic fatigue - and chronic infection
T1-T4
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.

31. Paired bones of the cranium
10-14 cycles per minute
Ribs 1-5
To help enhance the cranial rhythmic impulse
Frontal - temporal - and parietal bones

32. During the craniosacral flexion phase of the PRM - how does the sacrum move?
It extends (counternutates)
To address strains at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis
10-14 cycles per minute
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.

33. Symptoms of an ascending headache associated with hypertonicity of the head and neck - diffuse pain - and absence of neurological symptoms or photosensitivity
CRPS-1
Tension HA
It flexes (nutates)
An increase in intracranial pressure in the absense of any distinct pathological entity or mass. Symptoms include headache - nausea - vomiting - diplopia - and fundoscopic exam shows papilledema.

34. Purpose of V spread
T11-L2
To separate restricted or impacted sutures.
10-14 cycles per minute
CRPS-1

35. Midline bones of the cranium
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.
Occur when a muscle shortens while generating force; In relation to the elbow - the upward motion when performing a bicep curl
Occur against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate (velocity); The counterforce is less than the patient's force.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones

36. Four F's associated with Cholecystitis
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
When a muscle contracts while maintaining constant length. An example of an isometric contraction would be pushing against an immovable object.

37. Where does the dura mater attach in the sacrum?
A muscle that is loaded and contracted in a rapid sequence
Posterior superior portion of the S2 segment
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
Female - fat - forty - and fertile.

38. Normal pace of PRM
Foramen magnum - C2 - C3 - and S2
10-14 cycles per minute
Sphenoid - occiput - ethmoid - and vomer bones
It extends (counternutates)