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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Literature: Literary Terms
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Subjects
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gre
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literature
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A reference to another work of literature - person - or event Example: title of Faulkner'S novel The Sound and the Fury is an allusion to Shakespeare'S Macbeth: '...it is a tale / told by an idiot - full of sound and fury - / signifying nothing'
Euphuism
Litotes
Anthropomorphism
Allusion
2. Not to be confused with pastoral poetry - which idealizes life in the countryside - georgic poems deal with people laboring in the countryside - pushing plows - raising crops - etc. Example: Virgil'S Georgics
Anthropomorphism
Georgic
In Memoriam stanza
Personification
3. 8-line stanza (usually iambic pentameter) rhyming abababcc Example: Lord Byron'S Don Juan
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
Sestina
Ottava Rima
Antagonist
4. Verse form that consists of 3-line stanzas with interlocking rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc ded - etc Example: Dante'S Divine Comedy
Terza Rima
Flat and Round Characters
Epithalamium
Hyperbole
5. Work narrated using a name or third-person pronoun (he - she - etc). Example: Most of Jane Austen'S novels - including Pride and Prejudice
Skeltonics
Ottava Rima
Neoclassical Unities
Third Person Voice
6. A deliberate exaggeration Example: 'Her once embattled farmers stood / And fired the shot heard round the world' (Emerson'S 'The Concord Hymn)
Flat and Round Characters
Villanelle
Apostrophe
Hyperbole
7. Lines rhymed by their final two syllables. Properly - the penultimate syllables are stressed and the final syllables are unstressed. Example: Shakespeare'S Sonnet 20
Second Person Voice
Epithalamium
Flat and Round Characters
Feminine Rhyme
8. The principal character in a work of fiction Example: Othello in Othello
Personification
First Person Voice
Hudibrastic
Protagonist
9. A term coined by Aristotle to describe some error or frailty in character which brings about misfortune in Greek tragedy. Roughly equivalent to a tragic flaw - except that hamartia implies fate. Example: Oedipus; Macbeth
First-person plural
First Person Voice
Sestina
Hamartia
10. One of the neoclassical principles of drama - calling for a relation of style to content in the speech of dramatic characters. For example - a character'S speech must be styled according to her social station - and in accordance to the situation. Exa
Decorum
Synecdoche
Second Person Voice
Picaresque
11. Understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary - 'a citizen of no ordinary city' (Paul in the book of Acts)
Anthropomorphism
Hyperbole
Litotes
Sestina
12. Line of iambic hexameter Example: 'That like a wounded snake - drags its slow length along' (Pope'S 'Essay on Criticism')
Hamartia
Alexandrine
Metonymy
Synaesthesia
13. Narrator uses pronoun 'we.' This voice forces the reader to concentrate more on what the story is about than who is telling it.
Sprung Rhythm
Pathetic Fallacy
First-person plural
Georgic
14. Verse characterized by the internal alliteration of lines and a strong midline pause called a caesura Example: Beowulf
Old English Verse
Pathetic Fallacy
Spenserian Sonnet
Free Verse
15. 19-line form rhyming aba aba aba aba aba abaa. Repetition of first and third lines throughout: aba ab1 ab3 ab1 ab3 ab13 Example: Dylan Thomas'S 'Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night'
Epithalamium
Villanelle
Caesura
Synecdoche
16. 7-line iambic pentameter stanza rhyming ababbcc Example: 'They Flee from Me That Sometime Did Seek: by Sir Thomas Wyatt
Hudibrastic
Synecdoche
Metonymy
Rhyme Royal
17. A type of poem that takes the form of an elegy (a lament for the dead) sung by a shepherd. The shepherd who sings the elegy is a stand-in for the poet - and the elegy is for another poet Example: Milton'S 'Lycidas' and Shelley'S 'Adonais' (lament for
Hamartia
Pastoral Literature
Pastoral Elegy
Apostrophe
18. A poem written to celebrate a wedding. Example: Edmund Spenser'S 'Epithalamium'
Old English Verse
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
Epithalamium
Protagonist
19. A figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person - or some abstraction Example: 'Busy old fool - unruly sun - / Why does thou thus - / Through windows - and through curtains call on us?' (John Donne'S 'The Sun Rising')
Terza Rima
Apostrophe
Ottava Rima
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
20. The assigning of human attributes - such as emotions or physical characteristics - to nonhumans - most often plants and animals. It differs from personification in that it is an intrinsic premise and an ongoing pattern applied to a nonhuman character
English - or Shakespearean - Sonnet
Spenserian Sonnet
Blank Verse
Anthropomorphism
21. 14-line poem rhyming abab bcbc cdcd ee Example: 'One Day I Wrote Her Name Upon the Strand' by Edmund Spenser
Epithalamium
Pathetic Fallacy
Spenserian Sonnet
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
22. 39-line poem of six stanzas of six lines each and a final stanza (called an envoi) of three lines. Rhyme plays no part in the sestina. Instead - one of six words is used as the end word of each of the poem'S lines according to a fixed pattern. Examp
Hudibrastic
Caesura
First Person Voice
Sestina
23. Used in folk ballad. Length determined by stressed syllables only. Rhyme scheme: abcb Example: 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner' by Coleridge
Caesura
Alliteration
Ballad stanza
Feminine Rhyme
24. The rhythm created and used in the 19th century by Gerard Manley Hopkins. Like Old English verse - sprung rhythm fits a varying number of unstressed syllables in a line - only stresses count in scansion Example: 'Pied Beauty' by Hopkins
Apostrophe
First Person Voice
Sprung Rhythm
Doggerel
25. A novel - typically loosely constructed along an incident-to-incident basis - that follows the adventures of a more or less scurrilous rogue whose primary concerns are filling his belly and staying out of jail. Examples: Twain'S Huckleberry Finn; Def
Neoclassical Unities
Picaresque
Hudibrastic
Pastoral Elegy
26. Unrhymed iambic pentameter Example: Alfred Lord Tennyson'S 'Ulysses'; John Milton'S Paradise Lost
Alexandrine
Doggerel
Free Verse
Blank Verse
27. Giving human characteristics to inanimate objects
Personification
Masculine Rhyme
Skeltonics
Decorum
28. Unrhymed verse without a strict meter Example: 'Song of Myself' by Walt Whitman
Free Verse
Hamartia
Second Person Voice
Spenserian Sonnet
29. A repeated descriptive phrase - as found in Homer'S epics. Example: 'The wine dark sea'
Homeric Epithet
Caesura
Hamartia
Synaesthesia
30. 9-line stanza. First 8 are iambic pentameter. The final line - in iambic hexameter - is an alexandrine. Rhyme scheme: ababbcbcc Example: The Faerie Queene - by Edmund Spenser
Third Person Voice
Spenserian stanza
Blank Verse
Feminine Rhyme
31. A word derived from Lyly'S Euphues (1580) to characterize writing that is self-consciously laden with elaborate figures of speech. This was a popular and influential mode of speech and writing in the late sixteenth century. Example: Polonius in Hamle
Homeric Epithet
Euphuism
In Memoriam stanza
Hamartia
32. A term referring to phrases that suggest an interplay of senses. Example: 'Hot pink' and 'golden tones'
Feminine Rhyme
Synaesthesia
Hyperbole
Epithalamium
33. A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable (aka regular old rhyme) Example: 'Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening' by Robert Frost
Personification
First-person plural
Masculine Rhyme
Apostrophe
34. Terms coined by EM Forster to describe characters built around a single dominant trait (flat characters) - and those shaded and developed with greater psychological complexity (round characters). Example of flat: Mrs Micawber in Dickens' David Copper
Hyperbole
Anthropomorphism
Flat and Round Characters
Picaresque
35. A pause or break within a line of poetry - esp. in Old English verse.
Terza Rima
Caesura
First Person Voice
English - or Shakespearean - Sonnet
36. Four lines of iambic tetrameter rhyming abba Example: can be found in a stanza of Tennyson'S 'In Memoriam A.H.H.'
In Memoriam stanza
Caesura
Sprung Rhythm
Pastoral Literature
37. Aristotle'S principles of dramatic structure applied (perhaps too rigidly) in neoclassical drama of the 17th 18th centuries. The essential unities are time - place - and action: To observe unity of time - a work should take place within the span of o
Synecdoche
Neoclassical Unities
Picaresque
Synaesthesia
38. A term for a phrase that refers to a person or object by a single important feature of the person - Example: 'The pen is mightier than the sword' - pen=written word; sword=violent acts
Protagonist
Bildungsroman
Decorum
Metonymy
39. The repetition of initial consonant sounds Example: 'I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet' (Robert Frost 'Acquainted with the Night')
Skeltonics
Flat and Round Characters
Decorum
Alliteration
40. A phrase that refers to a person or object by a single important feature of that object or person Example: 'I should have been a pair of ragged claws / Scuttling across the floors of silent seas' (TS Eliot'S 'Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock'). The cla
Ottava Rima
Synecdoche
Decorum
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
41. German: 'novel of education.' It typically follows a young person over a period of years - from naivete and inexperience through the first struggles with the harsher realities and hypocrisies of the adult world. Example: A Portrait of the Artist as a
Apostrophe
Second Person Voice
Bildungsroman
Hamartia
42. 14-line poem rhyming abbaabba cdecde. First 8 lines called octave. Last six called sestet. Example: John Milton'S 'When I Consider How My Light Is Spent'
Italian - or Petrarchan - Sonnet
Old English Verse
Villanelle
Alliteration
43. A derogatory term used to describe poetry whose subject is trite and whose rhythm and sounds are monotonously heavy-handed.
Rhyme Royal
Doggerel
First-person plural
First Person Voice
44. A term coined by John Ruskin. It refers to ascribing emotion and agency to inanimate objects Example: Ruskin'S famous line: 'The cruel crawling foam.'
Hamartia
Pastoral Elegy
Apostrophe
Pathetic Fallacy
45. A work that deals with the lives of people - especially shepherds - in the country or in nature Example: Marlow'S 'The Passionate Shepherd to his Love'
Sestina
Rhyme Royal
Pastoral Literature
Personification
46. Couplets of rhymed tetrameter lines (Samuel Butler) or to any deliberate - humorous - ill-rhythmed - ill-rhymed couplets. From Butler'S Hudibras
Hudibrastic
Pathetic Fallacy
Apostrophe
Villanelle
47. Work narrated using pronoun 'I.' Narrator can be protagonist - or an omniscient speaker who is not even a clear character in the story. Example: Edgar Allan Poe'S 'The Tell-Tale Heart'
Second Person Voice
First Person Voice
Hamartia
Sprung Rhythm
48. The character who works against the protagonist in the story Example: Iago in Othello
Antagonist
Alliteration
Anthropomorphism
Rhyme Royal
49. Narrator speaks using pronoun 'you -' thereby making reader an active participant in the work. Rarely used.
Second Person Voice
Hamartia
Personification
English - or Shakespearean - Sonnet
50. 14-line poem rhyming abab cdcd efef gg Example: Shakespeare'S sonnets
Pastoral Literature
Ottava Rima
English - or Shakespearean - Sonnet
Spenserian Sonnet