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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Albert Ellis






2. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






3. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






4. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






5. Too mystical or spiritual






6. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






7. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






8. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






9. Male elements of a female






10. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






11. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






12. Individual theory






13. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






14. Correct maladaptive cognitions






15. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive






16. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






17. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






18. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






19. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






20. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health






21. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment






22. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






23. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






24. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic






25. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






26. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






27. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






28. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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29. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






30. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






31. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






32. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






33. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type






34. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






35. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures






36. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






37. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






38. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






39. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






40. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






41. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal






42. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






43. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






44. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






45. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






46. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






47. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






48. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem






49. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism






50. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion







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