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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
Undoing
Unconditional positive regard
Hierarchy of needs
Shaping
2. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
superego
Undoing
therapy (Client-centered theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
3. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Screen memory
Identification
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
4. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
Evidence-based treatment
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Arbitrary inference
5. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio
Donald Meichenbaum
Free association
libido
therapy (existential theory)
6. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id
Pleasure principle
Reality principle
Persona
goal of therapy (individual theory)
7. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures
Self
Humanistic theory
Cognitive Theory
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
8. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
process of becoming
Shadow
Dreams
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
9. Stress-inoculation training
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Reaction formation
psychoanalysis
Donald Meichenbaum
10. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
object relations therapy
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
11. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Third Force
Personal unconscious
12. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)
archetype
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Personal unconscious
Cognitive Theory (originator)
13. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Shadow
goal of therapy (existential theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
14. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors
Third Force
goal of therapy (existential theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
15. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid
Topographic model of mental life
Antimanics
Role playing
Antidepressants (+types)
16. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes
therapy (analytical theory)
Antidepressants (+types)
Collective unconscious
transference
17. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Psychopharmacology
ruling-dominant type
18. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
process of becoming
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
analytical theory
goal of therapy (individual theory)
19. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Self
existential theory
Unconditional positive regard
20. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets
Sublimation
Behavior theory
Persona
Identification
21. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Systematic desensitization
22. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals
Antabuse ®
countertransference
Topographic model of mental life
criticism (existential theory)
23. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
Monoamines (examples)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Overgeneralization
ego
24. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to
Self
Monoamines (examples)
psychoanalysis
aggression
25. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
Karen Horney
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Reaction formation
Genuineness/congruence
26. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
radical behavioralism
socially useful type
Abraham Maslow
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
27. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
ego
Projection
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
28. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
Melanie Klein
process of becoming
Antimanics
Animus
29. Use unconscious messages to become more aware and closer to full potential
Neal Miller
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
30. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Projection
Persona
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
getting-learning type
31. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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32. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
individual theory
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
33. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient
Monoamines (examples)
Genuineness/congruence
countertransference
Arbitrary inference
34. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Anima
Melanie Klein
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
35. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware
Screen memory
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Psychodynamic theory
criticism (Behavior theory)
36. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs
Antidepressants (+types)
Antimanics
Applied psychology
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
37. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams
ruling-dominant type
Carl Gustav Jung
therapy (existential theory)
Defense mechanism (+types)
38. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
socially useful type
Reaction formation
39. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Role playing
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Evidence-based treatment
40. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
Role playing
Compensation
Empathy
Abraham Maslow
41. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
aggression
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Dichotomous thinking
Gestalt Theory
42. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning
existential theory
Harry Stack Sullivan
Stress-inoculation training
Animus
43. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Repression or denial
getting-learning type
goal of therapy (individual theory)
44. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
Shadow
Collective unconscious
individual theory
Projection
45. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Topographic model of mental life
socially useful type
46. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
psychoanalysis
Rational-Emotive Theory
psychoanalytic theory
47. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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48. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)
psychic determinism
Aversion therapy
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
49. Victor Frankl
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Third Force
existential theory (originator)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
50. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow
archetype
behavior theory (originators)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Systematic desensitization