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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






2. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






3. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






4. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






5. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






6. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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7. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






8. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






9. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences






10. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






11. Female elements of a man






12. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






13. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






14. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






15. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






16. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






17. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






18. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






19. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






20. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






21. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism






22. Similar to behaviour therapy - addresses how a person thinks - rather than why the thought patterns developed; removing symptoms may not cure problem






23. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






24. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






25. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures






26. Victor Frankl






27. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism






28. Albert Ellis






29. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






30. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






31. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






32. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






33. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






34. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






35. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






36. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






37. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






38. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






39. Individual theory






40. Male elements of a female






41. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






42. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






43. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






44. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






45. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






46. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






47. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






48. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors






49. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






50. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems







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