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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aaron Beck






2. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






3. Female elements of a man






4. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






5. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings






6. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






7. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli






8. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






9. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id






10. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






11. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






12. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






13. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






14. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






15. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






16. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






17. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






18. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






19. psychodynamic approach - because unconscious elements are addressed - in order to be more aware - unconscious material is explored through analyzing dreams - artwork - personal symbols






20. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






21. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






22. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has






23. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






24. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






25. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






26. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






27. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






28. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences






29. Jean Charcot and Pierre Janet






30. Ego - id - superego






31. The life instinct - including sex and love






32. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






33. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors






34. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






35. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax)






36. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






37. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






38. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






39. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






40. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






41. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship






42. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






43. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






44. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






45. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient






46. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






47. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






48. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






49. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






50. Victor Frankl