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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






2. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






3. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






4. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






5. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






6. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this






7. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






8. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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9. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






10. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






11. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






12. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






13. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






14. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






15. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






16. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






17. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






18. psychodynamic approach - because unconscious elements are addressed - in order to be more aware - unconscious material is explored through analyzing dreams - artwork - personal symbols






19. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid






20. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






21. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






22. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






23. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






24. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






25. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






26. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






27. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type






28. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






29. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship






30. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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31. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






32. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






33. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






34. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient






35. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






36. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






37. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant






38. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






39. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






40. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






41. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






42. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






43. Too mystical or spiritual






44. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






45. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






46. Treats family as a whole as client






47. Correct maladaptive cognitions






48. The life instinct - including sex and love






49. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal






50. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures







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