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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






2. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






3. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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4. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal






5. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






6. Sexual force






7. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






8. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






9. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






10. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings






11. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






12. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






13. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






14. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






15. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






16. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






17. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






18. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






19. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






20. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






21. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






22. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






23. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






24. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






25. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






26. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






27. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism






28. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






29. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






30. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






31. The life instinct - including sex and love






32. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






33. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






34. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






35. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






36. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






37. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






38. Individual theory






39. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






40. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






41. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






42. Aaron Beck






43. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






44. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






45. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






46. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






47. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






48. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






49. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






50. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference







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