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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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2. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






3. Victor Frankl






4. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






5. Individual theory






6. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






7. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






8. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type






9. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem






10. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences






11. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






12. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






13. Albert Ellis






14. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






15. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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16. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






17. Use unconscious messages to become more aware and closer to full potential






18. The life instinct - including sex and love






19. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






20. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence






21. Too mystical or spiritual






22. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






23. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






24. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this






25. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id






26. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)






27. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






28. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






29. Correct maladaptive cognitions






30. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






31. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression






32. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






33. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






34. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






35. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






36. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






37. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






38. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






39. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion






40. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






41. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






42. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






43. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






44. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that






45. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






46. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has






47. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






48. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






49. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






50. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal