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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
object-relations theory
Antabuse ®
criticism (analytical theory)
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
2. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Repression or denial
Stress-inoculation training
Donald Meichenbaum
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
3. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
libido
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Sublimation
4. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Free association
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
individual theory
5. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
Cognitive triad
Antimanics
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Reaction formation
6. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences
Play therapy
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
radical behavioralism
7. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets
Neo-Freudians
Empathy
Sublimation
Gestalt Theory
8. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Antabuse ®
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
object-relations theory
avoiding type
9. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Reality principle
criticism (individual theory)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
10. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Third Force
socially useful type
Carl Gustav Jung
11. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Antabuse ®
analytical theory
Modeling
12. Correct maladaptive cognitions
Gestalt Theory
Anna Freud
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
13. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content
Dreams
object relations therapy
Harry Stack Sullivan
Assertiveness training
14. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient
transference
superego
abnormal theory (existential theory)
countertransference
15. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Family therapy
criticism (analytical theory)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
16. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn
avoiding type
Antipsychotics
Collective unconscious
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
17. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
therapy (Client-centered theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
avoiding type
Displacement
18. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
Neo-Freudians
socially useful type
id
Self
19. Treats family as a whole as client
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Family therapy
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Shaping
20. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
21. Stress-inoculation training
Donald Meichenbaum
psychoanalysis
Self
Empathy
22. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')
Magnifying/minimizing
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Applied psychology
Rational-Emotive Theory
23. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Hierarchy of needs
Magnifying/minimizing
Collective unconscious
hypnosis
24. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Pleasure principle
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
25. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious
Projection
Personal unconscious
Role playing
Family therapy
26. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person
id
therapy (individual theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Gestalt Theory
27. Ego - id - superego
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
3 components of model of mental life
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
28. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
Will to meaning
analytical theory
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
29. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents
Donald Meichenbaum
ruling-dominant type
Reaction formation
transference
30. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Karen Horney
criticism (Client-centered theory)
31. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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32. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict
Role playing
psychic determinism
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
33. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
process of becoming
Assertiveness training
Projection
Abraham Maslow
34. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Rational-Emotive Theory
Behavior theory
Role playing
Unconditional positive regard
35. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another
Karen Horney
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Behavior theory
Compensation
36. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
catharsis/abreaction
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Neo-Freudians
Karen Horney
37. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio
Free association
Will to meaning
Humanistic theory
Monoamines (examples)
38. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Stress-inoculation training
Defense mechanism (+types)
39. Male elements of a female
Animus
abnormal theory (individual theory)
catharsis/abreaction
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
40. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions
Neal Miller
Dichotomous thinking
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Harry Stack Sullivan
41. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences
Screen memory
Repression or denial
Displacement
object relations therapy
42. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes
getting-learning type
Collective unconscious
Neal Miller
Antimanics
43. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion
Melanie Klein
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
catharsis/abreaction
object relations therapy
44. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet
aggression
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Displacement
Genuineness/congruence
45. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams
Rationalization
Assertiveness training
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Defense mechanism (+types)
46. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Dichotomous thinking
Cognitive Theory
Rationalization
47. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
Third Force
Applied psychology
countertransference
abnormal theory (existential theory)
48. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this
Hans Eysenck
Personalizing
Dichotomous thinking
Thanatos
49. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
process of becoming
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Anima
Antimanics
50. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
Melanie Klein
Anxiolytics
Personal unconscious
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
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