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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion
Magnifying/minimizing
catharsis/abreaction
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Persona
2. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')
Anna Freud
Personalizing
Magnifying/minimizing
therapy (analytical theory)
3. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience
Anxiolytics
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Repression or denial
Gestalt Theory
4. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
Animus
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
ego
abnormal theory (individual theory)
5. Individual theory
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Persona
Rational-Emotive Theory
Alfred Adler
6. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
Donald Meichenbaum
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Compensation
process of becoming
7. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid
Dreams
Displacement
Antidepressants (+types)
psychoanalysis
8. Treats family as a whole as client
Reality principle
Thanatos
Family therapy
ruling-dominant type
9. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
getting-learning type
Rational-Emotive Theory
Neo-Freudians
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
10. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
neobehaviouralism
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Humanistic theory
11. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
Unconditional positive regard
Free association
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Donald Meichenbaum
12. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
Hierarchy of needs
individual theory
object-relations theory
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
13. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Applied psychology
Identification
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Humanistic theory
14. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
criticism (individual theory)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
psychoanalysis
15. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic
psychic determinism
Pleasure principle
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
16. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Persona
Neo-Freudians
Reality principle
17. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences
Carl Gustav Jung
object-relations theory
Screen memory
existential theory
18. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;
criticism (Client-centered theory)
object-relations theory
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Cognitive Theory (originator)
19. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Harry Stack Sullivan
therapy (existential theory)
aggression
20. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
psychoanalytic theory
therapy (individual theory)
Topographic model of mental life
21. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
archetype
Sublimation
therapy (Client-centered theory)
behavior theory (originators)
22. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents
criticism (Client-centered theory)
transference
Rational-Emotive Theory
3 components of model of mental life
23. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
avoiding type
Alfred Adler
Free association
Neo-Freudians
24. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
catharsis/abreaction
Melanie Klein
Anima
25. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Anxiolytics
psychic determinism
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
26. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Gestalt Theory
Antipsychotics
Family therapy
27. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression
Neo-Freudians
Unconditional positive regard
Karen Horney
Cognitive triad
28. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
Shadow
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Modeling
Dichotomous thinking
29. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Client-centered theory
Self
Assertiveness training
30. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
ruling-dominant type
Anxiolytics
31. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
libido
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Personalizing
32. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive
Assertiveness training
Cognitive triad
psychoanalytic theory
superego
33. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'
existential theory (originator)
psychoanalysis
aggression
Humanistic theory
34. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
Flooding or implosive therapy
Antipsychotics
Stress-inoculation training
Melanie Klein
35. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Flooding or implosive therapy
id
36. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
transference
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
object relations therapy
Antipsychotics
37. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
libido
Projection
Animus
38. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
Antimanics
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Psychodynamic theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
39. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
socially useful type
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
40. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism
Behavior theory
Personal unconscious
Donald Meichenbaum
Gestalt Theory (originators)
41. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
existential theory
42. Victor Frankl
existential theory (originator)
Reaction formation
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Defense mechanism (+types)
43. Aaron Beck
Cognitive Theory (originator)
3 components of model of mental life
Thanatos
object-relations theory
44. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
45. Sexual force
Pleasure principle
Animus
libido
Cognitive triad
46. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
Client-centered theory
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
47. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Rational-Emotive Theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
Empathy
48. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support
Modeling
Client-centered theory
object-relations theory
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
49. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning
existential theory
eros
Karen Horney
id
50. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (individual theory)
Shaping
Shadow