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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The life instinct - including sex and love
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
superego
therapy (existential theory)
eros
2. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned
Neal Miller
radical behavioralism
object relations therapy
existential theory (originator)
3. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict
Overgeneralization
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Role playing
psychic determinism
4. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
superego
Antimanics
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
5. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic
Gestalt Theory
getting-learning type
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Abraham Maslow
6. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
Reaction formation
Unconditional positive regard
7. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
object-relations theory
individual theory
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
8. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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9. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist
Displacement
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
criticism (individual theory)
Evidence-based treatment
10. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
id
Stress-inoculation training
behavior theory (originators)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
11. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
individual theory
Carl Gustav Jung
existential theory (originator)
Harry Stack Sullivan
12. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
abnormal theory (individual theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
Antipsychotics
Projection
13. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior
Self
Rational-Emotive Theory
Client-centered theory
hypnosis
14. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
criticism (Behavior theory)
15. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed
countertransference
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Play therapy
16. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
Hans Eysenck
Behavior theory
eros
Thanatos
17. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
aggression
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
18. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
Modeling
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Dreams
Role playing
19. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
Projection
goal of therapy (existential theory)
Dichotomous thinking
Evidence-based treatment
20. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Psychopharmacology
existential theory
21. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Reality principle
Psychodynamic theory
22. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
Stress-inoculation training
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
superego
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
23. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Assertiveness training
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Hierarchy of needs
24. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow
archetype
Humanistic theory
goal of therapy (existential theory)
ruling-dominant type
25. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Rationalization
Neal Miller
Identification
criticism (individual theory)
26. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
libido
Harry Stack Sullivan
Displacement
Melanie Klein
27. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
Arbitrary inference
Overgeneralization
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
28. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)
Monoamines (examples)
Magnifying/minimizing
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Topographic model of mental life
29. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli
ego
Hierarchy of needs
neobehaviouralism
aggression
30. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Third Force
analytical theory
Neal Miller
31. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem
criticism (analytical theory)
criticism (Behavior theory)
Defense mechanism (+types)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
32. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id
Antimanics
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Pleasure principle
Will to meaning
33. Male elements of a female
Animus
psychic determinism
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Repression or denial
34. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t
Third Force
Therapy (Behavior theory)
radical behavioralism
goal of therapy (existential theory)
35. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
Anna Freud
Flooding or implosive therapy
Antabuse ®
existential theory (originator)
36. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
Dichotomous thinking
Behavior theory
Undoing
id
37. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this
Applied psychology
Hans Eysenck
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
transference
38. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)
Screen memory
Topographic model of mental life
Psychodynamic theory
Free association
39. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences
Screen memory
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Sublimation
Arbitrary inference
40. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
Rationalization
Shadow
superego
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
41. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action
Shaping
aggression
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
42. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
Unconditional positive regard
Animus
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
43. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Abraham Maslow
Melanie Klein
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Compensation
44. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Reality principle
Cognitive triad
therapy (Client-centered theory)
45. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe
object-relations theory
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
behavior theory (originators)
Psychopharmacology
46. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures
Neal Miller
Self
Rational-Emotive Theory
Psychodynamic theory
47. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety
goal of therapy (existential theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
catharsis/abreaction
48. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn
abnormal theory (individual theory)
avoiding type
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Cognitive Theory (originator)
49. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Antipsychotics
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
psychoanalysis
Anima
50. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another
Systematic desensitization
existential theory (originator)
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Compensation