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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The life instinct - including sex and love






2. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






3. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






4. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






5. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic






6. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has






7. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






8. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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9. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






10. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






11. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






12. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






13. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






14. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






15. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






16. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior






17. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






18. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






19. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






20. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






21. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






22. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






23. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






24. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






25. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent






26. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






27. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






28. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






29. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli






30. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism






31. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






32. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id






33. Male elements of a female






34. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






35. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






36. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






37. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this






38. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






39. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences






40. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures






41. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action






42. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






43. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






44. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






45. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






46. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures






47. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






48. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






49. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






50. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another