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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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2. Female elements of a man






3. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






4. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that






5. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






6. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






7. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






8. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






9. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






10. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






11. Aaron Beck






12. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






13. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






14. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli






15. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences






16. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






17. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






18. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






19. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






20. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






21. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






22. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence






23. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem






24. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






25. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






26. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






27. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism






28. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






29. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






30. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






31. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






32. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






33. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






34. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






35. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support






36. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






37. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






38. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






39. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression






40. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






41. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship






42. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health






43. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






44. Too mystical or spiritual






45. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






46. Treats family as a whole as client






47. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent






48. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)






49. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






50. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption







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