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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
Arbitrary inference
criticism (individual theory)
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Melanie Klein
2. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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3. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on
behavior theory (originators)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Systematic desensitization
Overgeneralization
4. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
Cognitive Theory (originator)
behavior theory (originators)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
5. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health
Magnifying/minimizing
Pleasure principle
psychoanalytic theory
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
6. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)
Compensation
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Assertiveness training
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
7. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
id
Behavior theory
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
8. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption
Humanistic theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
Gestalt Theory
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
9. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
Shaping
Shadow
transference
Unconditional positive regard
10. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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11. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions
Shaping
Cognitive triad
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Harry Stack Sullivan
12. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training
process of becoming
superego
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
13. Female elements of a man
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Anima
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Dichotomous thinking
14. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
Shadow
therapy (existential theory)
libido
Defense mechanism (+types)
15. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
therapy (analytical theory)
Thanatos
Personalizing
Anxiolytics
16. Aaron Beck
Anima
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Cognitive Theory (originator)
avoiding type
17. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Alfred Adler
Donald Meichenbaum
18. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Anna Freud
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (Behavior theory)
19. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences
criticism (Client-centered theory)
avoiding type
Rationalization
radical behavioralism
20. The life instinct - including sex and love
getting-learning type
eros
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Shaping
21. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Gestalt Theory (originators)
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Systematic desensitization
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
22. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Neo-Freudians
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Repression or denial
23. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
Alfred Adler
Genuineness/congruence
ruling-dominant type
abnormal theory (existential theory)
24. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')
Free association
therapy (analytical theory)
Magnifying/minimizing
Applied psychology
25. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Personal unconscious
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
catharsis/abreaction
Topographic model of mental life
26. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets
Hierarchy of needs
neobehaviouralism
Sublimation
Dreams
27. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
Sublimation
analytical theory
Collective unconscious
Anxiolytics
28. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
socially useful type
ruling-dominant type
existential theory
object-relations theory
29. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Third Force
Neo-Freudians
Screen memory
30. Male elements of a female
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Empathy
Animus
abnormal theory (individual theory)
31. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Antidepressants (+types)
getting-learning type
Screen memory
32. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')
Personalizing
Dreams
Sublimation
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
33. Victor Frankl
existential theory (originator)
Will to meaning
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
34. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
Overgeneralization
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Stress-inoculation training
behavior theory (originators)
35. Sexual force
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
libido
eros
criticism (analytical theory)
36. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t
Therapy (Behavior theory)
individual theory
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
37. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware
abnormal theory (existential theory)
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
process of becoming
Magnifying/minimizing
38. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Free association
Topographic model of mental life
Play therapy
39. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Genuineness/congruence
Donald Meichenbaum
Hierarchy of needs
40. Stress-inoculation training
Donald Meichenbaum
countertransference
Gestalt Theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
41. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
goal of therapy (existential theory)
Reaction formation
criticism (Behavior theory)
42. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem
existential theory
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
therapy (analytical theory)
criticism (Behavior theory)
43. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy
Psychopharmacology
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Reaction formation
object-relations theory
44. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
Stress-inoculation training
Cognitive triad
Collective unconscious
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
45. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence
Shaping
criticism (Client-centered theory)
therapy (existential theory)
Screen memory
46. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems
Rational-Emotive Theory
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Applied psychology
47. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Thanatos
analytical theory
Flooding or implosive therapy
48. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Genuineness/congruence
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Self
49. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Antipsychotics
Arbitrary inference
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
50. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
Carl Gustav Jung
3 components of model of mental life
Neo-Freudians
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