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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






2. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






3. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






4. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






5. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent






6. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






7. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






8. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






9. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt






10. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






11. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






12. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






13. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






14. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






15. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health






16. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






17. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






18. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets






19. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






20. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action






21. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






22. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






23. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






24. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






25. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion






26. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






27. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






28. Individual theory






29. Jean Charcot and Pierre Janet






30. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






31. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






32. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






33. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people






34. Treats family as a whole as client






35. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






36. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient






37. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






38. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence






39. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that






40. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






41. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






42. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






43. The life instinct - including sex and love






44. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






45. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






46. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






47. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






48. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)


49. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






50. Stress-inoculation training