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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams
Sublimation
criticism (individual theory)
criticism (existential theory)
Defense mechanism (+types)
2. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Cognitive Theory (originator)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Neal Miller
3. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets
Stress-inoculation training
Sublimation
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Anxiolytics
4. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)
therapy (individual theory)
Gestalt Theory
Sublimation
criticism (analytical theory)
5. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Antidepressants (+types)
Anxiolytics
id
6. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
criticism (Behavior theory)
3 components of model of mental life
Gestalt Theory (originators)
criticism (existential theory)
7. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Client-centered theory
Topographic model of mental life
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Abraham Maslow
8. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
process of becoming
9. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego
Anima
ego
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Donald Meichenbaum
10. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action
Pleasure principle
Screen memory
Shaping
avoiding type
11. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
Unconditional positive regard
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Evidence-based treatment
12. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Shadow
superego
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
13. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
existential theory
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
object relations therapy
14. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Persona
id
avoiding type
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
15. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
Personal unconscious
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Abraham Maslow
Identification
16. Albert Ellis
Will to meaning
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
libido
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
17. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
Hierarchy of needs
Gestalt Theory
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
catharsis/abreaction
18. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
existential theory (originator)
Anxiolytics
psychoanalytic theory
19. It is best used with normal people in search of growth
criticism (individual theory)
Client-centered theory
criticism (existential theory)
Will to meaning
20. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)
therapy (individual theory)
analytical theory
Carl Gustav Jung
Role playing
21. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures
Animus
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Self
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
22. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
libido
Reaction formation
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
individual theory
23. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety
libido
individual theory
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Flooding or implosive therapy
24. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
superego
psychic determinism
25. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
Evidence-based treatment
psychoanalytic theory
Carl Gustav Jung
26. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
Unconditional positive regard
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
Rational-Emotive Theory
27. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware
Shaping
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Antipsychotics
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
28. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Repression or denial
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
3 components of model of mental life
29. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
object relations therapy
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Thanatos
30. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior
Reality principle
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Rational-Emotive Theory
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
31. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
Antabuse ®
Pleasure principle
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Reaction formation
32. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training
Arbitrary inference
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
superego
therapy (existential theory)
33. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
Empathy
Cognitive Theory (originator)
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Defense mechanism (+types)
34. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Play therapy
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
transference
35. The life instinct - including sex and love
therapy (Client-centered theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
object relations therapy
eros
36. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients
neobehaviouralism
Assertiveness training
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Overgeneralization
37. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
getting-learning type
Cognitive Theory
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
38. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Magnifying/minimizing
Shaping
39. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Shadow
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
40. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference
Aversion therapy
Evidence-based treatment
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
psychoanalysis
41. Treats family as a whole as client
Family therapy
Rational-Emotive Theory
Melanie Klein
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
42. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
behavior theory (originators)
Thanatos
Neo-Freudians
43. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable
Anima
Will to meaning
Cognitive triad
Evidence-based treatment
44. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
catharsis/abreaction
Arbitrary inference
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
45. Jean Charcot and Pierre Janet
3 components of model of mental life
Anima
hypnosis
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
46. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
Psychodynamic theory
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
object relations therapy
47. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Assertiveness training
Cognitive triad
Antipsychotics
catharsis/abreaction
48. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development
Anna Freud
Unconditional positive regard
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
49. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
process of becoming
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
50. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive
object-relations theory
Repression or denial
Assertiveness training
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)