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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
id
Antipsychotics
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Anima
2. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
Empathy
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
3. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Assertiveness training
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
4. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
radical behavioralism
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Hans Eysenck
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
5. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings
libido
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Unconditional positive regard
6. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
object relations therapy
superego
7. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health
Assertiveness training
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
psychoanalytic theory
8. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)
Shadow
Genuineness/congruence
process of becoming
superego
9. Sexual force
Systematic desensitization
libido
Gestalt Theory (originators)
therapy (Client-centered theory)
10. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
Client-centered theory
Empathy
id
Animus
11. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents
ruling-dominant type
transference
Antidepressants (+types)
Overgeneralization
12. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
Reality principle
Antabuse ®
Abraham Maslow
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
13. Use unconscious messages to become more aware and closer to full potential
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
existential theory (originator)
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
14. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive
Assertiveness training
Dreams
Persona
Identification
15. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
libido
Displacement
16. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
Modeling
Aversion therapy
Karen Horney
Arbitrary inference
17. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Shaping
catharsis/abreaction
Behavior theory
18. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence
Unconditional positive regard
Will to meaning
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Identification
19. Correct maladaptive cognitions
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
20. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Applied psychology
Hans Eysenck
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
21. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism
Compensation
radical behavioralism
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
22. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
process of becoming
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Undoing
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
23. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
Thanatos
Behavior theory
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
24. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content
Dichotomous thinking
Sublimation
Dreams
Arbitrary inference
25. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism
Third Force
ruling-dominant type
criticism (existential theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
26. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs
Monoamines (examples)
Abraham Maslow
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Genuineness/congruence
27. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
Flooding or implosive therapy
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Topographic model of mental life
28. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed
Gestalt Theory
Play therapy
criticism (Client-centered theory)
libido
29. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
Personal unconscious
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
hypnosis
30. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Psychopharmacology
Dreams
radical behavioralism
31. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Karen Horney
Rationalization
Neo-Freudians
32. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Humanistic theory
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
psychoanalytic theory
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
33. Ego - id - superego
Dichotomous thinking
3 components of model of mental life
Hans Eysenck
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
34. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific
criticism (Behavior theory)
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Anima
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
35. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant
Gestalt Theory
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
ruling-dominant type
Personalizing
36. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
abnormal theory (individual theory)
criticism (analytical theory)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Role playing
37. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Persona
Client-centered theory
Cognitive Theory (originator)
38. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)
radical behavioralism
Defense mechanism (+types)
Collective unconscious
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
39. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Overgeneralization
superego
Alfred Adler
40. Victor Frankl
existential theory (originator)
Thanatos
Hierarchy of needs
Modeling
41. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Compensation
Reaction formation
Monoamines (examples)
Topographic model of mental life
42. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)
Dreams
Antipsychotics
Psychodynamic theory
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
43. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)
Defense mechanism (+types)
analytical theory
Animus
Therapy (Behavior theory)
44. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
Unconditional positive regard
Donald Meichenbaum
Magnifying/minimizing
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
45. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Melanie Klein
object-relations theory
46. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors
therapy (Client-centered theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
47. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
eros
Personalizing
48. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
Anima
Anxiolytics
Assertiveness training
catharsis/abreaction
49. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem
criticism (Behavior theory)
Will to meaning
Collective unconscious
Cognitive Theory
50. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Magnifying/minimizing
Role playing
psychoanalysis
Systematic desensitization
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