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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on
3 components of model of mental life
Systematic desensitization
psychoanalytic theory
countertransference
2. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
criticism (existential theory)
Screen memory
Third Force
3. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Systematic desensitization
Client-centered theory
4. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
Alfred Adler
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Neal Miller
Dichotomous thinking
5. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Empathy
Identification
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
6. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem
Neo-Freudians
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Cognitive Theory
criticism (Behavior theory)
7. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
countertransference
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Melanie Klein
Assertiveness training
8. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings
Projection
Rational-Emotive Theory
Animus
Personal unconscious
9. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
Topographic model of mental life
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Undoing
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
10. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
Reality principle
Antabuse ®
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
11. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)
analytical theory
Antabuse ®
object-relations theory
criticism (analytical theory)
12. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
Antipsychotics
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
id
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
13. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Antidepressants (+types)
behavior theory (originators)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
14. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Reality principle
psychoanalytic theory
behavior theory (originators)
15. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego
Play therapy
Rationalization
Anima
ego
16. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content
abnormal theory (existential theory)
individual theory
Dreams
Personalizing
17. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Melanie Klein
Assertiveness training
Will to meaning
18. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training
Compensation
criticism (individual theory)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
superego
19. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
Repression or denial
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
psychic determinism
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
20. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
Stress-inoculation training
object relations therapy
Anima
Shaping
21. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic
criticism (Behavior theory)
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
22. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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23. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
Antabuse ®
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Humanistic theory
24. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
Anxiolytics
abnormal theory (individual theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Personalizing
25. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion
catharsis/abreaction
Rational-Emotive Theory
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Anxiolytics
26. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
behavior theory (originators)
individual theory
Antipsychotics
Dichotomous thinking
27. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Persona
radical behavioralism
Antabuse ®
Harry Stack Sullivan
28. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
aggression
29. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
Pleasure principle
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Neo-Freudians
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
30. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
Client-centered theory
Rationalization
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Unconditional positive regard
31. The life instinct - including sex and love
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Alfred Adler
eros
32. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences
Stress-inoculation training
psychic determinism
object relations therapy
radical behavioralism
33. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking
Genuineness/congruence
Neo-Freudians
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Neal Miller
34. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
3 components of model of mental life
Family therapy
Anna Freud
35. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
behavior theory (originators)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (existential theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
36. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Dichotomous thinking
Harry Stack Sullivan
therapy (Client-centered theory)
37. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive
Carl Gustav Jung
Reality principle
Assertiveness training
Antabuse ®
38. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Hierarchy of needs
Collective unconscious
39. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
Melanie Klein
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
3 components of model of mental life
40. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious
object relations therapy
Antipsychotics
Personal unconscious
Anna Freud
41. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has
Collective unconscious
Reaction formation
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Melanie Klein
42. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
criticism (Behavior theory)
Client-centered theory
aggression
43. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
superego
aggression
44. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Reality principle
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Modeling
45. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Identification
Persona
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Antipsychotics
46. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient
Persona
Antimanics
Displacement
object relations therapy
47. Individual theory
Third Force
Alfred Adler
Aversion therapy
therapy (individual theory)
48. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Melanie Klein
Persona
Topographic model of mental life
therapy (analytical theory)
49. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Harry Stack Sullivan
superego
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
50. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
superego
libido
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
archetype