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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people






2. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent






3. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






4. Individual theory






5. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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6. Stress-inoculation training






7. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






8. The life instinct - including sex and love






9. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






10. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')






11. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence






12. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid






13. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






14. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






15. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






16. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






17. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






18. Provides tools and experience that client can use to be more assertive






19. Correct maladaptive cognitions






20. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






21. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






22. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






23. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






24. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






25. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






26. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






27. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






28. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






29. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






30. Male elements of a female






31. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






32. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






33. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






34. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






35. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






36. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






37. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






38. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






39. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






40. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






41. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






42. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






43. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






44. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






45. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health






46. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






47. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






48. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






49. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






50. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification