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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
Family therapy
Stress-inoculation training
socially useful type
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
2. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients
Reaction formation
Alfred Adler
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
object relations therapy
3. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
therapy (individual theory)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Undoing
4. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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5. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes
Pleasure principle
Aversion therapy
Donald Meichenbaum
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
6. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict
Self
criticism (Behavior theory)
psychic determinism
Donald Meichenbaum
7. Too mystical or spiritual
criticism (analytical theory)
therapy (existential theory)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
object-relations theory
8. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient
Displacement
Antidepressants (+types)
therapy (analytical theory)
psychoanalysis
9. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')
Hierarchy of needs
Personalizing
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Psychodynamic theory
10. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy
Self
Magnifying/minimizing
Psychopharmacology
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
11. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid
psychoanalytic theory
Rational-Emotive Theory
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Antidepressants (+types)
12. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
Melanie Klein
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Antimanics
eros
13. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions
Harry Stack Sullivan
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Rational-Emotive Theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
14. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
Compensation
superego
individual theory
Gestalt Theory
15. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
16. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)
therapy (individual theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
therapy (analytical theory)
17. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Dichotomous thinking
Unconditional positive regard
18. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow
object relations therapy
goal of therapy (existential theory)
archetype
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
19. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Cognitive Theory
libido
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
20. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
ruling-dominant type
21. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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22. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt
Rationalization
Karen Horney
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Gestalt Theory
23. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Reality principle
eros
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
24. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Karen Horney
Projection
psychic determinism
Hierarchy of needs
25. Correct maladaptive cognitions
Screen memory
Will to meaning
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
goal of therapy (individual theory)
26. Male elements of a female
Persona
object-relations theory
countertransference
Animus
27. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
transference
28. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific
radical behavioralism
Modeling
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
ego
29. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism
Behavior theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
Gestalt Theory
Monoamines (examples)
30. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
archetype
object relations therapy
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
individual theory
31. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning
Screen memory
existential theory
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
32. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic
Anima
Magnifying/minimizing
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Screen memory
33. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Magnifying/minimizing
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
34. Similar to behaviour therapy - addresses how a person thinks - rather than why the thought patterns developed; removing symptoms may not cure problem
Collective unconscious
Dichotomous thinking
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
35. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Personal unconscious
therapy (Client-centered theory)
36. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
Personal unconscious
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Identification
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
37. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
38. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients
getting-learning type
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
goal of therapy (individual theory)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
39. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
Animus
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
Genuineness/congruence
Personalizing
40. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Collective unconscious
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Cognitive triad
41. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable
aggression
criticism (Client-centered theory)
Topographic model of mental life
Evidence-based treatment
42. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion
catharsis/abreaction
radical behavioralism
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
43. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
Compensation
Neo-Freudians
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Thanatos
44. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Alfred Adler
Personalizing
45. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
Arbitrary inference
Psychodynamic theory
criticism (individual theory)
Psychopharmacology
46. Aaron Beck
Karen Horney
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Play therapy
Animus
47. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Third Force
Neo-Freudians
individual theory
Role playing
48. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification
Reality principle
Anna Freud
Assertiveness training
Cognitive Theory
49. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences
object relations therapy
Screen memory
neobehaviouralism
radical behavioralism
50. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)
eros
3 components of model of mental life
Client-centered theory
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
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