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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






2. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism






3. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






4. Individual theory






5. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people






6. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






7. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






8. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






9. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






10. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






11. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






12. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






13. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli






14. Sexual force






15. Correct maladaptive cognitions






16. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id






17. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






18. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






19. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






20. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






21. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






22. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






23. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






24. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






25. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






26. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification






27. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






28. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






29. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






30. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






31. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






32. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment






33. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






34. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






35. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






36. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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37. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






38. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






39. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






40. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






41. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior






42. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)






43. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets






44. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant






45. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






46. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






47. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person






48. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






49. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






50. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors