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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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2. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






3. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)






4. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action






5. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






6. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






7. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






8. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






9. Victor Frankl






10. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






11. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






12. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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13. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






14. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






15. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






16. Individual theory






17. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






18. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






19. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






20. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






21. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






22. Albert Ellis






23. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this






24. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






25. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






26. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences






27. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






28. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent






29. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






30. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






31. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






32. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






33. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






34. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






35. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant






36. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






37. Too mystical or spiritual






38. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






39. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that






40. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic






41. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






42. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






43. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






44. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






45. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






46. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)






47. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients






48. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid






49. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






50. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient