Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






2. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic






3. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






4. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets






5. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






6. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






7. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






8. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)






9. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






10. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






11. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






12. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






13. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






14. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






15. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






16. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






17. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






18. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






19. Victor Frankl






20. Individual theory






21. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy






22. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






23. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






24. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






25. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






26. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






27. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures






28. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






29. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






30. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






31. Treats family as a whole as client






32. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






33. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






34. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






35. Albert Ellis






36. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






37. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






38. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






39. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






40. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






41. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






42. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






43. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem






44. Similar to behaviour therapy - addresses how a person thinks - rather than why the thought patterns developed; removing symptoms may not cure problem






45. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






46. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures






47. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)






48. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






49. Material from individual'S own experiences - can become conscious






50. Sexual force