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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
Magnifying/minimizing
Displacement
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Antabuse ®
2. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
criticism (Client-centered theory)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
id
3. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn
Role playing
avoiding type
Modeling
Assertiveness training
4. Not suited for low-functioning or disturbed clients
avoiding type
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
therapy (Client-centered theory)
5. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Melanie Klein
Displacement
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Applied psychology
6. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id
individual theory
Pleasure principle
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
psychoanalysis
7. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people
Antidepressants (+types)
Karen Horney
Sublimation
Third Force
8. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
archetype
Reality principle
Modeling
Animus
9. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
3 components of model of mental life
getting-learning type
Neo-Freudians
Repression or denial
10. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes
Systematic desensitization
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Aversion therapy
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
11. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Projection
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
Personal unconscious
12. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
ego
Therapy (Behavior theory)
criticism (individual theory)
13. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
psychic determinism
Cognitive triad
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
14. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
avoiding type
Antipsychotics
15. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology
eros
socially useful type
Psychopharmacology (goal of therapy)
Evidence-based treatment
16. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
ego
id
Anna Freud
archetype
17. Ego - id - superego
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
superego
3 components of model of mental life
18. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Undoing
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
19. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Hans Eysenck
Anxiolytics
Antidepressants (+types)
20. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism
Rationalization
Behavior theory
Sublimation
Anna Freud
21. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
existential theory
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
process of becoming
transference
22. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Harry Stack Sullivan
object-relations theory
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Reaction formation
23. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety
goal of therapy (existential theory)
hypnosis
Stress-inoculation training
Defense mechanism (+types)
24. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')
goal of therapy (existential theory)
catharsis/abreaction
getting-learning type
Magnifying/minimizing
25. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Humanistic theory
Displacement
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Hierarchy of needs
26. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions
Harry Stack Sullivan
Hierarchy of needs
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Personalizing
27. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid
Cognitive Theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Evidence-based treatment
Antidepressants (+types)
28. Too mystical or spiritual
process of becoming
criticism (analytical theory)
libido
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
29. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health
psychoanalytic theory
Psychopharmacology
Shaping
Magnifying/minimizing
30. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Family therapy
Flooding or implosive therapy
aggression
31. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable
Evidence-based treatment
neobehaviouralism
Humanistic theory
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
32. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant
Shaping
ruling-dominant type
3 components of model of mental life
psychoanalytic theory
33. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Gestalt Theory
Identification
Assertiveness training
criticism (Client-centered theory)
34. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
psychoanalytic theory
Shadow
avoiding type
35. Aaron Beck
Evidence-based treatment
Cognitive Theory (originator)
therapy (individual theory)
Third Force
36. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
therapy (existential theory)
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Client-centered theory
transference
37. The life instinct - including sex and love
Self
eros
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
countertransference
38. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
Neo-Freudians
Rational-Emotive Theory
therapy (Client-centered theory)
analytical theory
39. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
Behavior theory
Dichotomous thinking
Shadow
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
40. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems
Applied psychology
psychoanalytic theory
psychoanalysis
catharsis/abreaction
41. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings
object-relations theory
Antabuse ®
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Neal Miller
42. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Role playing
goal of therapy (existential theory)
catharsis/abreaction
Antipsychotics
43. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed
Antimanics
therapy (analytical theory)
Persona
Play therapy
44. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)
Screen memory
abnormal theory (existential theory)
Anxiolytics
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
45. Correct maladaptive cognitions
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Antipsychotics
Genuineness/congruence
therapy (individual theory)
46. Individual theory
Alfred Adler
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
Arbitrary inference
Defense mechanism (+types)
47. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego
ego
Carl Gustav Jung
analytical theory
Screen memory
48. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on
Antidepressants (+types)
Genuineness/congruence
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Systematic desensitization
49. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
Antabuse ®
Abraham Maslow
abnormal theory (existential theory)
getting-learning type
50. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Antabuse ®
Unconditional positive regard
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)