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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aaron Beck






2. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






3. Female elements of a man






4. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification






5. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person






6. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






7. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






8. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






9. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






10. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






11. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






12. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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13. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






14. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






15. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






16. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






17. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






18. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets






19. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






20. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






21. Albert Ellis






22. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






23. Embracing feelings or behaviours opposite to true threatening feelings one has






24. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






25. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






26. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






27. Ego - id - superego






28. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






29. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






30. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






31. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






32. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences






33. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






34. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






35. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence






36. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






37. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






38. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support






39. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






40. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






41. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






42. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






43. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






44. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






45. Too mystical or spiritual






46. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






47. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






48. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






49. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






50. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow