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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')






2. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior






3. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






4. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






5. Individual theory






6. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






7. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






8. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






9. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt






10. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






11. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient






12. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






13. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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14. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






15. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






16. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






17. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification






18. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






19. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






20. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






21. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






22. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






23. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






24. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






25. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type






26. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






27. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings






28. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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29. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship






30. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






31. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this






32. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology






33. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)






34. Victor Frankl






35. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed






36. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






37. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures






38. Similar to behaviour therapy - addresses how a person thinks - rather than why the thought patterns developed; removing symptoms may not cure problem






39. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






40. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






41. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






42. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






43. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors






44. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






45. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id






46. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






47. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






48. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






49. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






50. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory