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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)






2. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






3. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






4. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






5. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






6. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology






7. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






8. Stress-inoculation training






9. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






10. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






11. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






12. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






13. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






14. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






15. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)






16. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






17. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')

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18. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






19. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism






20. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






21. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






22. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant






23. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people






24. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support






25. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






26. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression






27. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






28. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






29. Sexual force






30. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences






31. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






32. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






33. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action






34. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






35. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






36. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






37. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






38. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory






39. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






40. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






41. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors






42. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






43. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent






44. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






45. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person






46. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






47. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






48. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






49. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






50. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another