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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
Dreams
Personal unconscious
Shaping
process of becoming
2. Victor Frankl
existential theory (originator)
Reality principle
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Third Force
3. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego
ego
Defense mechanism (+types)
Aversion therapy
Rationalization
4. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
existential theory (originator)
socially useful type
Psychodynamic theory
neobehaviouralism
5. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people
Shaping
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Karen Horney
6. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Screen memory
Donald Meichenbaum
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
7. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
libido
Antimanics
Identification
Screen memory
8. Ego - id - superego
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
3 components of model of mental life
9. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
Abraham Maslow
Compensation
Overgeneralization
catharsis/abreaction
10. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Genuineness/congruence
Personal unconscious
Topographic model of mental life
object relations therapy
11. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')
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12. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism
Evidence-based treatment
Behavior theory
psychoanalysis
behavior theory (originators)
13. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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14. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Aversion therapy
Antimanics
Empathy
15. Primary process; human motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain; id
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Hierarchy of needs
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Pleasure principle
16. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Screen memory
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Reaction formation
17. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
Antipsychotics
Modeling
18. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
behavior theory (originators)
countertransference
object relations therapy
19. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience
libido
Antabuse ®
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
20. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
countertransference
criticism (Behavior theory)
Repression or denial
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
21. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors
Magnifying/minimizing
catharsis/abreaction
psychoanalytic theory
Stress-inoculation training
22. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Anna Freud
Thanatos
Collective unconscious
23. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Role playing
Antabuse ®
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Will to meaning
24. Male elements of a female
criticism (Behavior theory)
Sublimation
Flooding or implosive therapy
Animus
25. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
Pleasure principle
Identification
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
26. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has
individual theory
Persona
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
27. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference
therapy (individual theory)
Systematic desensitization
Humanistic theory
psychoanalysis
28. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)
Psychopharmacology
analytical theory
Client-centered theory
Rational-Emotive Theory
29. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
object-relations theory
Anxiolytics
Antabuse ®
Will to meaning
30. Individual'S mental life consists of a constant push-pull between the competing forces of the id - superego and environment. - each areas struggles for acknowledgement and expression - how well a persons' ego handles this determines his mental health
Neo-Freudians
Anima
psychoanalytic theory
eros
31. Correct maladaptive cognitions
Reaction formation
Thanatos
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
32. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to
Monoamines (examples)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Neal Miller
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
33. Aaron Beck
Neo-Freudians
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Hans Eysenck
Antidepressants (+types)
34. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
libido
Cognitive Theory
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
35. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable
radical behavioralism
Evidence-based treatment
Personalizing
abnormal theory (existential theory)
36. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)
Monoamines (examples)
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Gestalt Theory
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
37. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
Shaping
Pleasure principle
hypnosis
object relations therapy
38. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Play therapy
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
existential theory (originator)
39. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Compensation
Aversion therapy
existential theory
Gestalt Theory (originators)
40. Memories that serve as representations of important childhood experiences
Cognitive Theory
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Screen memory
41. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety
Donald Meichenbaum
Flooding or implosive therapy
Compensation
Harry Stack Sullivan
42. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Unconditional positive regard
therapy (existential theory)
Cognitive Theory (originator)
43. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
Sublimation
Neo-Freudians
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
44. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'
Cognitive Theory
Third Force
Family therapy
Humanistic theory
45. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Dichotomous thinking
countertransference
46. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
Neo-Freudians
goal of therapy (existential theory)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Empathy
47. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Client-centered theory
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
48. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption
Stress-inoculation training
Carl Gustav Jung
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Psychodynamic theory
49. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Repression or denial
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Antidepressants (+types)
50. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
abnormal theory (individual theory)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Humanistic theory