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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Criticized effectiveness of psychotherapy after analyzing studies that indicated psychotherapy was no more successful than no treatment at all; other studies contradict this
Hierarchy of needs
Hans Eysenck
therapy (Client-centered theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
2. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development
goal of therapy (individual theory)
Anna Freud
Stress-inoculation training
Rational-Emotive Theory
3. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children
Compensation
Pleasure principle
object-relations theory
Melanie Klein
4. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures
eros
Self
Dreams
Therapy (Behavior theory)
5. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
getting-learning type
Antidepressants (+types)
abnormal theory (individual theory)
psychoanalytic theory
6. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;
Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
object-relations theory
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
7. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Undoing
individual theory
8. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Genuineness/congruence
Client-centered theory
Modeling
Persona
9. abnormality derived from disturbances of awareness - client may not have insight or fully experience present situation (choosing not to acknowledge certain aspects)
Modeling
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
Genuineness/congruence
Displacement
10. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors
Anxiolytics
Anima
Modeling
Reaction formation
11. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Flooding or implosive therapy
archetype
libido
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
12. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification
Harry Stack Sullivan
Reality principle
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
transference
13. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems
Neo-Freudians
therapy (existential theory)
Donald Meichenbaum
Applied psychology
14. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that
existential theory
Shaping
Client-centered theory
Karen Horney
15. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology
Self
Topographic model of mental life
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
16. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Compensation
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
17. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
process of becoming
Neo-Freudians
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
goal of therapy (existential theory)
18. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Will to meaning
Neo-Freudians
19. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams
process of becoming
Defense mechanism (+types)
existential theory
id
20. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence
abnormal theory (existential theory)
existential theory (originator)
superego
therapy (existential theory)
21. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Overgeneralization
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Identification
criticism (analytical theory)
22. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Family therapy
abnormal theory (individual theory)
behavior theory (originators)
23. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
object relations therapy
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Family therapy
Shadow
24. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics
Free association
Client-centered theory
Antabuse ®
therapy (analytical theory)
25. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
criticism (individual theory)
avoiding type
Stress-inoculation training
26. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
individual theory
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Arbitrary inference
getting-learning type
27. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Monoamines (examples)
libido
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
28. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives
Identification
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Undoing
therapy (existential theory)
29. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
abnormal theory (Gestalt Theory)
therapy (individual theory)
30. Male elements of a female
transference
Animus
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Pleasure principle
31. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt
radical behavioralism
Rationalization
Rational-Emotive Theory (originator)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
32. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
Persona
3 components of model of mental life
Undoing
Antimanics
33. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant
Self
ruling-dominant type
psychoanalytic theory
Persona
34. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')
Personalizing
criticism (individual theory)
Dreams
aggression
35. Child clients; during play a child may convey emotions - situations - or disturbances conveyed might otherwise go unexpressed
Play therapy
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
36. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)
Shaping
Reaction formation
Psychodynamic theory
Anna Freud
37. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Repression or denial
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
psychic determinism
38. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
Psychodynamic theory
Antidepressants (+types)
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
39. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist
individual theory
Assertiveness training
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
psychoanalytic theory
40. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)
Persona
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
superego
41. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
socially useful type
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Antabuse ®
existential theory
42. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Reality principle
object relations therapy
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Antipsychotics
43. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
process of becoming
Antimanics
archetype
44. Stress-inoculation training
Hans Eysenck
Identification
Donald Meichenbaum
Antidepressants (+types)
45. Correct maladaptive cognitions
Monoamines (examples)
goal of therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Reaction formation
Hierarchy of needs
46. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
Sublimation
Magnifying/minimizing
goal of therapy (existential theory)
therapy (Client-centered theory)
47. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Cognitive triad
Cognitive Theory
Abraham Maslow
48. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
behavior theory (originators)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Donald Meichenbaum
49. Use of medication to treat mental illness - do not cure but some are effective at alleviating symptoms; often used with therapy
Animus
Dreams
Anna Freud
Psychopharmacology
50. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
Dichotomous thinking
Third Force
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
hypnosis