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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






2. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






3. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






4. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






5. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression






6. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






7. Aaron Beck






8. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals






9. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






10. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






11. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






12. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






13. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






14. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






15. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type






16. Female elements of a man






17. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






18. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






19. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)


20. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






21. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






22. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






23. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






24. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






25. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






26. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






27. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid






28. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






29. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






30. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






31. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






32. Stress-inoculation training






33. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






34. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






35. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal






36. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






37. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






38. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






39. Individual theory






40. psychodynamic approach - because unconscious elements are addressed - in order to be more aware - unconscious material is explored through analyzing dreams - artwork - personal symbols






41. Psychological tension created when (a)ctivating even occurs - and client has certain (b)eliefs about the event - leading to (c)onsequence of emotional disruption






42. Albert Ellis






43. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






44. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






45. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






46. Client-centered therapist must maintain positivity regardless of choices - feelings or insights to facilitate a trusting and safe environment






47. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






48. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






49. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






50. Ego - id - superego