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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






2. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






3. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






4. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)






5. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






6. Negative views about the self - the world - and the future; causes depression






7. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






8. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






9. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






10. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






11. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






12. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






13. Provide trusting atmosphere for client to self-direct growth and tap his own 'vast resources' - evidence of growth includes a congruent self-concept - positive self-regard - internal locus-of-evaluation - and willingness to experience






14. Uses operant conditioning to change behavior - reinforced for behaviors that come closer and closer to desired action






15. Model based on learning; application of classical and operant conditioning principles to human abnormal behavior - change maladaptive behaviour through new learning; radical behavioralism - neobehaviouralism






16. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures






17. Measures cognitive triad and gauges severity of diagnosed depression; determines number of depressive symptoms - for research and clinical settings






18. psychodynamic approach - because unconscious elements are addressed - in order to be more aware - unconscious material is explored through analyzing dreams - artwork - personal symbols






19. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






20. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem






21. People who lack congruence between real selves and conscious self-concept develops psychological tension; incongruence occurs when feelings or experiences are inconsistent with acknowledged of self (e.g. perfect self-concept shaken by any failure)






22. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






23. Victor Frankl






24. Jean Charcot and Pierre Janet






25. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






26. Albert Ellis






27. Directed therapy helps expose and restructure maladaptive thought and reasoning patterns - generally short-term - therapist focuses on tangible evidence of client'S logic (what client says and does)






28. Melancholic - low in activity and low in social contribution - withdrawn






29. Too mystical or spiritual






30. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






31. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






32. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support






33. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






34. Uses social learning principles - exposes client to more adaptive behaviors






35. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






36. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






37. Applied Freud ideas of child psychology and development






38. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






39. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings






40. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






41. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






42. Choleric -high in activity but low in social contribution - dominant






43. Female elements of a man






44. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')






45. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






46. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






47. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems






48. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






49. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






50. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients