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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






2. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






3. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious






4. General term that refers to theories that emphasize the positive - evolving free will in people (such as client-centered - Gestalt - or existential); optimistic about human nature; 'Third Force'






5. Freud; pathological behaviour - dreams - unconscious behaviour (e.g. hysterical or neurotic women) are symptoms of underlying - unresolved conflict - which are manifested when the ego does not find acceptable ways to express conflict






6. Alfred Adler - Adlerian theory - people are viewed as creative - social and whole as opposed to Freud'S more negative and structural approach - process of becoming - Healthy individuals: --> peruse goals in spite of feelings of interiority - --> has






7. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent






8. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training






9. Jung - universally meaningful concepts - passed through collective unconscious; - allow us to organize experiences with consistent themes and indicated by cross-cultural similarity in symbols - folklore - myths; - Common archetypes: persona - shadow






10. Emphasized culture and society over instinct; suggested neuroticism expressed as movement toward - against - and away from people






11. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido






12. It is best used with normal people in search of growth






13. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






14. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt






15. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






16. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






17. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






18. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






19. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






20. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams






21. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






22. Male elements of a female






23. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






24. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking






25. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






26. Unconscious material always looking for a way to discharge repressed emotion






27. The life instinct - including sex and love






28. Treating symptoms rather than underlying problem






29. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






30. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory






31. Drug that changes metabolism of alcohol - resulting in severe nausea and vomiting when combined; countercondition alcoholics






32. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil®)






33. Client-centered therapist should speak and act genuinely - not maintain a professional reserve (feelings and experiences of the therapist should match)






34. 'Joseph Breuer' the central process in which a patient reports thoughts without censure or guidance - Freud: because unconscious material is always looking for a way out - the patient can uncover and express repressed material through free associatio






35. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






36. Individual theory






37. Similar to behaviour therapy - addresses how a person thinks - rather than why the thought patterns developed; removing symptoms may not cure problem






38. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)

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39. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






40. Psychopathology is a signal that something wrong in makeup of psyche - clues about how one could be more aware






41. Reduces depressive symptoms - by taking opposite action of antimanics; depression appears to be from abnormally low levels of monoamines; increase production and transmission of various monoamines; - Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - Monoamine oxid






42. Carl Gustav Jung - the psyche was directed toward life and awareness (rather than sex) - In each personal the psyche contains conscious and unconscious elements (personal and collective unconscious)






43. Ego - id - superego






44. Female elements of a man






45. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable






46. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






47. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






48. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






49. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






50. Jean Charcot and Pierre Janet







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