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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Carl Rogers - Person centered/Rogerian theory - humanistic --> it has an optimistic outlook on human nature; - individual have an actualizing tendency that directs them out of conflict and toward full potential - best accomplished in atmosphere that






2. Secondary process; guided by ego and responds to environment by delaying gratification






3. Includes elements of cognitive - behavioural - and emotion theory; intertwined thoughts and feelings produce behavior






4. To provide relief from symptoms of psychopathology






5. Ego - id - superego






6. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






7. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






8. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






9. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






10. To reduce feelings of inferiority and to foster social interest and social contribution in patients






11. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






12. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






13. Aaron Beck






14. In psychotherapy - in reaction to psychoanalysis and behavioralism






15. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another






16. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






17. Response to perceived one'S meaninglessness is neurosis or neurotic anxiety (as opposed to normal or justified anxiety)






18. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent






19. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






20. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax)






21. Ritualistic activity to relieve anxiety about unconscious drives






22. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to






23. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety






24. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






25. Drugs that take away symptoms do not provide interpersonal support






26. The part of mind that mediates between the environment and the pressures of the id and the superego






27. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






28. Safe outlets for unconscious material and wish-fulfillment - valuable for analysts; manifest content provides information about latent content






29. Encourage people to stand apart from beliefs - biases and attitudes derived from the past - goal is to fully experience and perceive the present in order to become a while and integrated person






30. Correct maladaptive cognitions






31. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents






32. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






33. Ex. phenelzine (Nardil)






34. People in the process of realizing themselves - The individual is motivated by social needs and feelings of inferiority that arise when the current self does not match the self-ideal






35. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others






36. Making too much or little of something (e.g. 'it was luck that I did well')






37. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli






38. Rollo May - individual constantly strives to rise above a simple behavioral existence and toward genuine and meaningful existence






39. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






40. Donald Meichenbaum - prepares people for foreseeable stressors






41. Emphasized social and interpersonal relationships; what one does is meant to elicit particular reactions






42. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






43. Male elements of a female






44. Conscious elements were openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes) were many layers below consciousness - Freud'S greatest contribution to psychology






45. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety






46. Pioneered object-relations theory and psychoanalysis with children






47. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism






48. Initially: an individual'S greatest conflict was that between the libido and the ego - Then: the true conflict is that between Eros and Thanatos ('The aim of all life is death')






49. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship






50. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures