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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
socially useful type
Dichotomous thinking
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
criticism (individual theory)
2. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Animus
eros
id
3. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference
psychoanalysis
criticism (Behavior theory)
Humanistic theory
Psychopharmacology
4. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
Personalizing
id
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Reality principle
5. Not allowing threatening material into awareness
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Psychodynamic theory
Dreams
Repression or denial
6. Goal is to increase sense of being and meaningfulness - to alleviate neurotic anxiety
Family therapy
goal of therapy (existential theory)
Dreams
Compensation
7. When the therapist uses the patient'S transference to help him/her resolve problems that were the result of previous relationship by correcting the emotional experience in the therapist-patient relationship
object relations therapy
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
Overgeneralization
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
8. The part of mind that imposes learned or socialized drives - not something one is born with - but develops over time - influenced by moral and parental training
criticism (Client-centered theory)
superego
Rational-Emotive Theory
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
9. Applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - repeatedly exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus so eventually the overexposure leads to lessened anxiety
Antidepressants (+types)
Flooding or implosive therapy
Thanatos
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
10. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Displacement
Cognitive triad
Empathy
11. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Flooding or implosive therapy
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
12. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific
therapy (analytical theory)
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Cognitive Theory
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
13. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Magnifying/minimizing
id
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
14. Channelling threatening drives into acceptable outlets
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Sublimation
socially useful type
object-relations theory
15. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Hierarchy of needs
Antabuse ®
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Monoamines (examples)
16. Inappropriately taking responsibility (e.g. 'our failed project was all my fault')
process of becoming
Personalizing
Antipsychotics
Collective unconscious
17. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Persona
Empathy
psychoanalytic theory
criticism (individual theory)
18. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet
Thanatos
aggression
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Overgeneralization
19. Based on personal activity and social interest - ruling-dominant type - getting-learning type - avoiding type - socially useful type
personality typology (psychoanalytic theory)
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Changes in Freud'S view of layout of the mind
Topographic model of mental life
20. Victor Frankl
analytical theory
Cognitive triad
criticism (Behavior theory)
existential theory (originator)
21. Used to reduce anxiety or to induce sleep; increases effectiveness of GABA (inhibitory); high potential for causing habituation and addiction; Ex. barbiturates and benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®)
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
Compensation
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Anxiolytics
22. The branch of psychology that uses principles or research findings to solve people'S problems
Karen Horney
Abraham Maslow
Applied psychology
Projection
23. Mistaking isolated incidents for the norm (e.g. 'no one will ever want to be with me')
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
individual theory
Abraham Maslow
Overgeneralization
24. Maladaptive cognitions lead to abnormal behaviour or disturbed affect; cognitive triad - types of maladaptive cognitions: arbitrary inference - overgeneralization - magnifying/minimizing - personalizing - dichotomous thinking
Dreams
Third Force
Abnormal theory (Cognitive Theory)
Family therapy
25. psychodynamic approach - because unconscious elements are addressed - in order to be more aware - unconscious material is explored through analyzing dreams - artwork - personal symbols
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Screen memory
26. Karen Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan - accepted some of freud'S ideas and reject others
Neo-Freudians
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
criticism (Behavior theory)
Free association
27. Psychodynamic approach in which unconscious feelings do play a role - examination of a person'S lifestyle and choices (motivations - perceptions - goals - and resources)
Psychodynamic theory
archetype
therapy (Cognitive Theory)
therapy (individual theory)
28. repressed drives and conflict become manifested in dysfunctional ways - psychic determinism
Dichotomous thinking
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
superego
Rationalization
29. Employs principles from cognitive and behavioral theory
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Hierarchy of needs
Flooding or implosive therapy
Pleasure principle
30. Patients react to the therapist like they react to their parents
ego
Free association
transference
Rationalization
31. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Gestalt Theory
aggression
Psychodynamic theory
32. Phlegmatic - low in activity and high in social contribution - dependent
getting-learning type
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Humanistic theory
Unconditional positive regard
33. Emphasizes conscious thought patterns (rather than emotions or behaviours) - interpretation of an experience rather than the experience itself; Beck Depression Inventory
Hans Eysenck
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Cognitive Theory
Carl Gustav Jung
34. Believed some emotional disturbances at least partly caused by biological factors
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
psychoanalytic theory
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
35. Analytical theory - Freud'S student - broke from Freud because Freud place too much emphasis on the libido
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Assertiveness training
Harry Stack Sullivan
Carl Gustav Jung
36. directed by client who decides how often to meet and what to discuss; therapist is nondirective - providing a self-exploration - safe and trusting atmosphere for client; provide empathy - unconditional positive regard - genuineness/congruence
Defense mechanism (+types)
Collective unconscious
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
therapy (Client-centered theory)
37. Excelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in another
transference
Compensation
aggression
socially useful type
38. Class of neurotransmitter that dopamine - serotonin - and norepinephrine belongs to
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Genuineness/congruence
Magnifying/minimizing
Monoamines (examples)
39. Individual theory
existential theory (originator)
Alfred Adler
Donald Meichenbaum
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
40. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Personal unconscious
Displacement
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
41. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes
Shaping
Collective unconscious
criticism (Behavior theory)
object-relations theory
42. Freud; way in which ego protects self from threatening unconscious material; - repression/denial - rationalization - projection - displacement - reaction formation - compensation - sublimation - identification - undoing - countertransference - dreams
analytical theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
Abraham Maslow
criticism (Client-centered theory)
43. No use of diagnostic tools because Rogers believed client-centered therapy applied to any problem
Psychodynamic theory
criticism (individual theory)
Antipsychotics
criticism (Client-centered theory)
44. Initially: Freud preferred a topographic model of mental life - Then: Mental life was structural - meaning that mental life has particular organization other than layers (ego - id - superego)
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45. Talking therapy - deep questions relating to perception and meaning of existence
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
therapy (existential theory)
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Flooding or implosive therapy
46. Central to human nature - between different drives vying for expression (particularly conscious and unconscious
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Sublimation
Conflict (psychoanalytic theory)
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
47. Treatment for mental health problems shown to produce results in empirical studies; many argue only this is ethical; others argue controlled experiments not like real treatments - less useful and applicable
existential theory (originator)
Behavior theory
Hans Eysenck
Evidence-based treatment
48. Justifying behaviour/feelings that cause guilt
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
behavior theory (originators)
Rationalization
Monoamines (examples)
49. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes
Neal Miller
aggression
Aversion therapy
Gestalt Theory
50. Considered too abstract for severely disturbed individuals
criticism (existential theory)
criticism (Behavior theory)
existential theory
Donald Meichenbaum