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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






2. Hierarchy of needs






3. Studied Type A personality






4. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






5. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






6. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






7. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






8. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






9. External and internal locus of control






10. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






11. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






12. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






13. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






14. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






15. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






16. Critical of personality trait theory






17. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






18. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






19. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






20. Possessing both male and female qualities






21. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






22. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






23. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






24. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






25. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






26. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






27. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






28. Only circumstances determine behavior






29. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






30. Cognitive prototype approach






31. Somatotypes personality theory






32. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






33. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






34. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






35. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






36. Have a great need for arousal






37. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






38. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






39. Personality changes little after age 30






40. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






41. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






42. Learned helplessness






43. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






44. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






45. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






46. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






47. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






48. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


49. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






50. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)