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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hierarchy of needs






2. Only circumstances determine behavior






3. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






4. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






5. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






6. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






7. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






8. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






9. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






10. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






11. Cognitive prototype approach






12. Have a great need for arousal






13. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






14. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






15. Studied Type A personality






16. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






17. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






18. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






19. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






20. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






21. Somatotypes personality theory






22. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






23. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






24. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






25. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






26. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






27. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






28. Learned helplessness






29. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






30. Critical of personality trait theory






31. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






32. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






33. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






34. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






35. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






36. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






37. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






38. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






39. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






40. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






41. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






42. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


43. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






44. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






45. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






46. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






47. Personality changes little after age 30






48. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






49. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






50. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior