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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Consistency paradox
Dispositional attribution
Narcissism
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
2. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Idiographic approach
Endomorph
Self-handicapping
3. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Julian Rotter
Phenomenological view (personality)
Trait hierarchy
Twin studies
4. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
trait
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Learned helplessness
Self-handicapping
5. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Matina Horner
Personality
Idiographic approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
6. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Narcissism
Mesomorph
Type theory
Ectomorph
7. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Trait hierarchy
George Kelley
Cognitive prototype approach
Internal locus of control
8. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
personal constructs
3 personality theories
Abraham Maslow
9. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Gordon Allport
interactionists
Costa and McCrae
Alice Eagly
10. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Nomothetic approach
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Henry Murray
Implicit theories (personality)
11. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
interactionists
Idiographic approach
Lexical approach
Kay Deaux
12. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Proprium or propriate function
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Seymour Epstein
Dispositional attribution
13. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Idiographic approach
personal constructs
Matina Horner
Internal locus of control
14. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Lexical approach
Phrenology
Self-esteem
Personality tests (2 types)
15. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
Self-esteem
Authoritarianism
dispositionist
16. Only circumstances determine behavior
situationists
Julian Rotter
Alice Eagly
Bem Sex Role Inventory
17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Matina Horner
3 personality theories
Ectomorph
Authoritarianism
18. Personality changes little after age 30
Lexical approach
Costa and McCrae
Self-esteem
Martin Seligman
19. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Learned helplessness
Trait hierarchy
Endomorph
20. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Self-efficacy
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Dispositional attribution
Consistency paradox
21. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
George Kelley
Raymond Cattell
Consistency paradox
Bem Sex Role Inventory
22. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Abraham Maslow
Fundamental attribution error
Self-efficacy
Authoritarianism
23. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Narcissism
Self-efficacy
Sandra Bem
Big Five
24. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Personality
Barnum effect
Seymour Epstein
25. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Phenomenological view (personality)
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Mesomorph
Learned optimism
26. External and internal locus of control
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Julian Rotter
Twin studies
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
27. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Hans Eysenck
Raymond Cattell
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
28. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
dispositionist
Bem Sex Role Inventory
External locus of control
29. Learned helplessness
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
trait
William Sheldon
Martin Seligman
30. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Self-consciousness
3 personality theories
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Androgynous
31. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Grant Dahlstrom
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Cognitive prototype approach
Learned optimism
32. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Big Five
Authoritarianism
Alice Eagly
trait
33. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Implicit theories (personality)
interactionists
Sandra Bem
Costa and McCrae
34. Studied Type A personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Mirrors
Cognitive prototype approach
Fundamental attribution error
35. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Self-consciousness
Type theory
Stimulus-seeking individuals
36. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Personality tests (2 types)
Self-consciousness
Nomothetic approach
Androgynous
37. Cognitive prototype approach
3 personality theories
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Self-efficacy
Martin Seligman
38. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
personal constructs
dispositionist
Mirrors
Proprium or propriate function
39. Hierarchy of needs
George Kelley
Abraham Maslow
Idiographic approach
Phrenology
40. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Phrenology
Phenomenological view (personality)
External locus of control
Gender and depression
41. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-esteem
Self-handicapping
Phenomenological view (personality)
Nomothetic approach
42. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Barnum effect
Nomothetic approach
Raymond Cattell
Abraham Maslow
43. Somatotypes personality theory
Nomothetic approach
Hans Eysenck
William Sheldon
Cognitive prototype approach
44. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Trait hierarchy
Abraham Maslow
Twin studies
Martin Seligman
45. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
46. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Martin Seligman
Seymour Epstein
Personality tests (2 types)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
47. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Self-monitoring
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Henry Murray
Kay Deaux
48. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Trait hierarchy
Henry Murray
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Consistency paradox
49. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Authoritarianism
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Mesomorph
50. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Personality tests (2 types)
Sandra Bem
Idiographic approach