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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






2. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






3. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






4. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






5. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






6. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






7. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






8. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






9. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






10. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






11. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






12. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






13. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






14. Studied Type A personality






15. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






16. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






17. Have a great need for arousal






18. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






19. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






20. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






21. Somatotypes personality theory






22. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






23. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






24. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






25. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






26. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






27. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






28. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






29. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






30. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






31. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






32. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






33. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






34. Critical of personality trait theory






35. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






36. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






37. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






38. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






39. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






40. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






41. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






42. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






43. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






44. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






45. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






46. Cognitive prototype approach






47. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






48. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






49. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






50. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra