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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






2. Cognitive prototype approach






3. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






4. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






5. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






6. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






7. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






8. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






9. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






10. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






11. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






12. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






13. Critical of personality trait theory






14. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






15. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






16. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






17. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






18. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






19. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


20. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






21. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






22. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






23. External and internal locus of control






24. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






25. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






26. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






27. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






28. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






29. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






30. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






31. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






32. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






33. Only circumstances determine behavior






34. Studied Type A personality






35. Hierarchy of needs






36. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






37. Somatotypes personality theory






38. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






39. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






40. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






41. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






42. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






43. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






44. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






45. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






46. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






47. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






48. Learned helplessness






49. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






50. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)