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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






2. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






3. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






4. External and internal locus of control






5. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






6. Possessing both male and female qualities






7. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






8. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






9. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






10. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






11. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






12. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






13. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






14. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






15. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






16. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






17. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






18. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






19. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






20. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






21. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






22. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






23. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






24. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






25. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


26. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






27. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






28. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






29. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






30. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






31. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






32. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






33. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






34. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






35. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






36. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






37. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






38. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






39. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






40. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






41. Have a great need for arousal






42. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






43. Cognitive prototype approach






44. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






45. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






46. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






47. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






48. Only circumstances determine behavior






49. Studied Type A personality






50. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)