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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Learned helplessness
Matina Horner
Self-handicapping
Henry Murray
Martin Seligman
2. Hierarchy of needs
Fundamental attribution error
dispositionist
Abraham Maslow
George Kelley
3. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Type A personality
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Big Five
4. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Costa and McCrae
Taxonomies
External locus of control
Consistency paradox
5. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Raymond Cattell
Ectomorph
Consistency paradox
6. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Personality
George Kelley
Martin Seligman
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
7. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Barnum effect
Mesomorph
Learned helplessness
8. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Phenomenological view (personality)
William Sheldon
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Consistency paradox
9. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Phrenology
Idiographic approach
Self-efficacy
10. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
interactionists
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Matina Horner
Fundamental attribution error
11. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Julian Rotter
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Fundamental attribution error
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
12. External and internal locus of control
Henry Murray
Julian Rotter
External locus of control
Self-esteem
13. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Julian Rotter
Proprium or propriate function
George Kelley
Nomothetic approach
14. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Internal locus of control
Trait hierarchy
Self-handicapping
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
15. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
situationists
Martin Seligman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Sandra Bem
16. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Internal locus of control
Costa and McCrae
Endomorph
17. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Endomorph
Type theory
Self-esteem
Narcissism
18. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
External locus of control
Androgynous
George Kelley
19. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Trait hierarchy
Self-awareness
trait
20. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Narcissism
Matina Horner
Type A personality
Personality tests (2 types)
21. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Implicit theories (personality)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Learned optimism
22. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
Mesomorph
Costa and McCrae
Cognitive prototype approach
23. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Matina Horner
Learned optimism
Ectomorph
Personality tests (2 types)
24. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Grant Dahlstrom
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Hans Eysenck
Mirrors
25. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Trait hierarchy
Self-awareness
personal constructs
Bem Sex Role Inventory
26. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Type A personality
Endomorph
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
27. Studied Type A personality
Fundamental attribution error
Self-monitoring
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Grant Dahlstrom
28. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Big Five
personal constructs
Authoritarianism
Internal locus of control
29. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Personality tests (2 types)
Self-consciousness
30. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
dispositionist
3 personality theories
Self-monitoring
Self-esteem
31. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Gordon Allport
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
personal constructs
Personality
32. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Matina Horner
dispositionist
Endomorph
33. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Ectomorph
Taxonomies
Trait hierarchy
Self-esteem
34. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Type theory
Learned helplessness
Mirrors
Costa and McCrae
35. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Alice Eagly
Gender and depression
George Kelley
Self-efficacy
36. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Hans Eysenck
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Internal locus of control
37. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Narcissism
Authoritarianism
Learned optimism
Personality tests (2 types)
38. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
interactionists
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Phenomenological view (personality)
Lexical approach
39. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
trait
Matina Horner
Consistency paradox
Stimulus-seeking individuals
40. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Gordon Allport
George Kelley
Barnum effect
Alice Eagly
41. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Implicit theories (personality)
Androgynous
Hans Eysenck
Costa and McCrae
42. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Lexical approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
43. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-esteem
Mesomorph
Proprium or propriate function
Narcissism
44. Cognitive prototype approach
Idiographic approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Gordon Allport
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
45. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
personal constructs
Mesomorph
Self-monitoring
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
46. Personality changes little after age 30
Abraham Maslow
Costa and McCrae
Type A personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
47. Critical of personality trait theory
Abraham Maslow
Idiographic approach
Seymour Epstein
Type A personality
48. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Grant Dahlstrom
Phrenology
Henry Murray
Mirrors
49. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
William Sheldon
Hans Eysenck
Internal locus of control
50. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-esteem
Self-monitoring
Internal locus of control
Authoritarianism