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Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






2. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






3. Personality changes little after age 30






4. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






5. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






6. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


7. Have a great need for arousal






8. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






9. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






10. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






11. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






12. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






13. Cognitive prototype approach






14. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






15. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






16. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






17. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






18. Critical of personality trait theory






19. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






20. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






21. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






22. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






23. External and internal locus of control






24. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






25. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






26. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






27. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






28. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






29. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






30. Possessing both male and female qualities






31. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






32. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






33. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






34. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






35. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






36. Learned helplessness






37. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






38. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






39. Hierarchy of needs






40. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






41. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






42. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






43. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






44. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






45. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






46. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






47. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






48. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






49. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






50. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






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