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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-efficacy
Consistency paradox
Learned helplessness
2. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Learned helplessness
Barnum effect
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-awareness
3. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Henry Murray
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Ectomorph
3 personality theories
4. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Barnum effect
Self-efficacy
Nomothetic approach
5. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Taxonomies
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Martin Seligman
Abraham Maslow
6. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Twin studies
Type A personality
Idiographic approach
Lexical approach
7. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Fundamental attribution error
Alice Eagly
Mesomorph
8. Hierarchy of needs
Kay Deaux
Cognitive prototype approach
Nomothetic approach
Abraham Maslow
9. Learned helplessness
Narcissism
Personality tests (2 types)
Idiographic approach
Martin Seligman
10. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Phrenology
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Sandra Bem
11. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Self-awareness
Kay Deaux
Cognitive prototype approach
Internal locus of control
12. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Endomorph
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Gordon Allport
Phrenology
13. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Self-consciousness
Twin studies
Kay Deaux
Personality
14. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Type A personality
William Sheldon
Personality
Big Five
15. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Self-consciousness
Proprium or propriate function
Raymond Cattell
Learned optimism
16. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Mirrors
Personality tests (2 types)
interactionists
Lexical approach
17. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Consistency paradox
Alice Eagly
personal constructs
Gordon Allport
18. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Learned helplessness
Hans Eysenck
William Sheldon
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
19. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Henry Murray
Taxonomies
Self-efficacy
20. Somatotypes personality theory
Endomorph
Grant Dahlstrom
William Sheldon
Implicit theories (personality)
21. Studied Type A personality
Sandra Bem
Ectomorph
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Proprium or propriate function
22. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-handicapping
Barnum effect
23. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Costa and McCrae
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Fundamental attribution error
24. Have a great need for arousal
Henry Murray
Self-handicapping
interactionists
Stimulus-seeking individuals
25. Possessing both male and female qualities
Fundamental attribution error
Raymond Cattell
Androgynous
Kay Deaux
26. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Seymour Epstein
Raymond Cattell
George Kelley
27. Cognitive prototype approach
situationists
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
28. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Internal locus of control
Hans Eysenck
Lexical approach
trait
29. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Nomothetic approach
Endomorph
Self-monitoring
Sandra Bem
30. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Ectomorph
Kay Deaux
Lexical approach
Learned optimism
31. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-consciousness
Seymour Epstein
32. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Martin Seligman
Self-consciousness
Grant Dahlstrom
33. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Mesomorph
Gordon Allport
Learned helplessness
Alice Eagly
34. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Abraham Maslow
Gender and depression
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned helplessness
35. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
personal constructs
George Kelley
situationists
Phenomenological view (personality)
36. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Dispositional attribution
Big Five
Self-consciousness
Hans Eysenck
37. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
Lexical approach
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Narcissism
38. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
Narcissism
Learned helplessness
Learned optimism
39. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Consistency paradox
Abraham Maslow
Julian Rotter
40. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Alice Eagly
Narcissism
situationists
Personality tests (2 types)
41. Only circumstances determine behavior
Implicit theories (personality)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Julian Rotter
situationists
42. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Gordon Allport
Self-consciousness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Personality tests (2 types)
43. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Big Five
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Personality tests (2 types)
44. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Kay Deaux
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Learned optimism
45. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Kay Deaux
dispositionist
Bem Sex Role Inventory
trait
46. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Endomorph
Self-efficacy
Consistency paradox
3 personality theories
47. External and internal locus of control
Matina Horner
Authoritarianism
Julian Rotter
Mirrors
48. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Lexical approach
Seymour Epstein
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Ectomorph
49. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
External locus of control
trait
Gordon Allport
Matina Horner
50. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Trait hierarchy
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Mesomorph