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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cognitive prototype approach






2. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


3. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






4. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






5. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






6. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






7. Hierarchy of needs






8. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






9. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






10. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






11. Learned helplessness






12. External and internal locus of control






13. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






14. Only circumstances determine behavior






15. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






16. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






17. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






18. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






19. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






20. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






21. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






22. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






23. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






24. Studied Type A personality






25. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






26. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






27. Somatotypes personality theory






28. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






29. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






30. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






31. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






32. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






33. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






34. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






35. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






37. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






38. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






39. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






40. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






41. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






42. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






43. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






44. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






45. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






46. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






47. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






48. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






49. Critical of personality trait theory






50. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure