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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studied Type A personality






2. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






3. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






4. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






5. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






6. Have a great need for arousal






7. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






8. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






9. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






10. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






11. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


12. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






13. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






14. Only circumstances determine behavior






15. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






16. Cognitive prototype approach






17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






18. Personality changes little after age 30






19. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






20. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






21. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






22. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






23. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






24. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






25. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






26. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






27. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






28. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






29. Possessing both male and female qualities






30. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






31. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






32. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






33. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






34. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






35. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






36. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






37. Somatotypes personality theory






38. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






39. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






40. External and internal locus of control






41. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






42. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






43. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






44. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






45. Critical of personality trait theory






46. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






47. Hierarchy of needs






48. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






49. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






50. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed