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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studied Type A personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Consistency paradox
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-awareness
2. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Julian Rotter
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Mirrors
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
3. Critical of personality trait theory
Kay Deaux
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Seymour Epstein
Nomothetic approach
4. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Androgynous
interactionists
dispositionist
Proprium or propriate function
5. Learned helplessness
Self-esteem
Martin Seligman
External locus of control
Mesomorph
6. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Proprium or propriate function
Phrenology
Self-awareness
7. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Implicit theories (personality)
Learned helplessness
Trait hierarchy
Grant Dahlstrom
8. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Consistency paradox
William Sheldon
Nomothetic approach
Alice Eagly
9. Possessing both male and female qualities
Endomorph
Idiographic approach
Androgynous
Internal locus of control
10. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
George Kelley
Authoritarianism
External locus of control
Cognitive prototype approach
11. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
William Sheldon
Big Five
Gordon Allport
Julian Rotter
12. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Phrenology
Self-esteem
External locus of control
Androgynous
13. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Big Five
Androgynous
Abraham Maslow
14. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Self-handicapping
situationists
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Type A personality
15. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-consciousness
Phrenology
16. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Costa and McCrae
George Kelley
Phenomenological view (personality)
17. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
3 personality theories
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
18. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Mirrors
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Lexical approach
Self-handicapping
19. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Consistency paradox
Learned optimism
trait
20. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Type theory
Learned helplessness
Self-efficacy
Twin studies
21. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Sandra Bem
Martin Seligman
Learned optimism
Henry Murray
22. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
George Kelley
Costa and McCrae
Abraham Maslow
23. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Androgynous
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
personal constructs
24. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Raymond Cattell
Type theory
25. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Alice Eagly
Consistency paradox
Phenomenological view (personality)
Taxonomies
26. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Fundamental attribution error
Trait hierarchy
Gordon Allport
Mesomorph
27. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Self-handicapping
Gordon Allport
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Raymond Cattell
28. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gender and depression
Type theory
Seymour Epstein
29. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Dispositional attribution
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Bem Sex Role Inventory
30. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
Ectomorph
Self-monitoring
Martin Seligman
31. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Endomorph
Consistency paradox
Gender and depression
Hans Eysenck
32. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Cognitive prototype approach
Seymour Epstein
Internal locus of control
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
33. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Nomothetic approach
Kay Deaux
Personality tests (2 types)
34. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Consistency paradox
Hans Eysenck
Nomothetic approach
Self-consciousness
35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
interactionists
Self-efficacy
personal constructs
36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Fundamental attribution error
George Kelley
Authoritarianism
Matina Horner
37. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-awareness
Matina Horner
Implicit theories (personality)
38. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
3 personality theories
Learned helplessness
personal constructs
39. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
Abraham Maslow
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Androgynous
40. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-handicapping
External locus of control
Grant Dahlstrom
41. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
situationists
Personality tests (2 types)
trait
Implicit theories (personality)
42. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Implicit theories (personality)
Type theory
Mirrors
Self-consciousness
43. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Consistency paradox
situationists
Authoritarianism
44. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Proprium or propriate function
Barnum effect
Self-awareness
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
45. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Implicit theories (personality)
Consistency paradox
Self-monitoring
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
46. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Big Five
Cognitive prototype approach
Proprium or propriate function
Idiographic approach
47. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Endomorph
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-handicapping
48. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
George Kelley
Twin studies
Self-consciousness
49. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned optimism
Nomothetic approach
Learned helplessness
50. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Costa and McCrae
Dispositional attribution
Sandra Bem
Henry Murray