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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






2. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






3. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






4. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






5. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






6. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






7. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






8. Learned helplessness






9. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


10. Only circumstances determine behavior






11. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






12. Hierarchy of needs






13. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






14. Critical of personality trait theory






15. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






16. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






17. Studied Type A personality






18. Possessing both male and female qualities






19. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






20. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






21. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






22. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






23. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






24. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






25. Personality changes little after age 30






26. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






27. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






28. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






29. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






30. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






31. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






32. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






33. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






34. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






35. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






36. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






37. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






38. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






39. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






40. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






41. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






42. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






43. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






44. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






45. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






46. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






47. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






48. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






49. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






50. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings