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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studied Type A personality
Learned helplessness
Mirrors
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Trait hierarchy
2. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Nomothetic approach
trait
Self-awareness
3. Have a great need for arousal
Raymond Cattell
Big Five
Proprium or propriate function
Stimulus-seeking individuals
4. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Endomorph
5. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Fundamental attribution error
Trait hierarchy
William Sheldon
Julian Rotter
6. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Alice Eagly
Sandra Bem
Narcissism
Consistency paradox
7. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Self-monitoring
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
8. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Grant Dahlstrom
Barnum effect
Sandra Bem
Self-monitoring
9. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Mirrors
Phrenology
Self-awareness
Lexical approach
10. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Type theory
Personality
3 personality theories
Grant Dahlstrom
11. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Proprium or propriate function
Lexical approach
Type A personality
Idiographic approach
12. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
Internal locus of control
Endomorph
Mirrors
13. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
3 personality theories
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Mesomorph
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
14. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Type A personality
Martin Seligman
Seymour Epstein
trait
15. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Phenomenological view (personality)
Mirrors
Matina Horner
Hans Eysenck
16. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
Mesomorph
dispositionist
17. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-handicapping
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
3 personality theories
18. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
External locus of control
trait
Taxonomies
Gordon Allport
19. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
personal constructs
Gordon Allport
Julian Rotter
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
20. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Mirrors
Lexical approach
Dispositional attribution
Self-monitoring
21. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Internal locus of control
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Taxonomies
Narcissism
22. Possessing both male and female qualities
Gender and depression
Self-awareness
Androgynous
Seymour Epstein
23. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Gordon Allport
Fundamental attribution error
Matina Horner
24. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Learned helplessness
Proprium or propriate function
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
25. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Lexical approach
Barnum effect
Phrenology
26. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Mirrors
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
27. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Proprium or propriate function
28. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Dispositional attribution
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Narcissism
Raymond Cattell
29. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Matina Horner
trait
Nomothetic approach
3 personality theories
30. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Learned helplessness
Phenomenological view (personality)
Proprium or propriate function
Type theory
31. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Type theory
dispositionist
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
32. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Twin studies
interactionists
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Self-esteem
33. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
personal constructs
Ectomorph
Nomothetic approach
34. Hierarchy of needs
Big Five
Abraham Maslow
Alice Eagly
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
35. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Kay Deaux
Implicit theories (personality)
Authoritarianism
Costa and McCrae
36. Somatotypes personality theory
Taxonomies
Endomorph
Idiographic approach
William Sheldon
37. Learned helplessness
Barnum effect
interactionists
Martin Seligman
Hans Eysenck
38. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Fundamental attribution error
William Sheldon
Personality
Kay Deaux
39. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Matina Horner
Narcissism
personal constructs
40. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Lexical approach
External locus of control
personal constructs
41. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Henry Murray
Endomorph
Authoritarianism
42. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Hans Eysenck
Self-handicapping
trait
Personality
43. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Fundamental attribution error
George Kelley
Taxonomies
44. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
interactionists
Raymond Cattell
Barnum effect
Self-awareness
45. External and internal locus of control
Authoritarianism
Matina Horner
Dispositional attribution
Julian Rotter
46. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Gordon Allport
Mirrors
Hans Eysenck
47. Only circumstances determine behavior
situationists
Matina Horner
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
48. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Trait hierarchy
Androgynous
Type theory
Gender and depression
49. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Matina Horner
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Mirrors
50. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Dispositional attribution
Androgynous
Twin studies
Learned optimism