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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
3 personality theories
Martin Seligman
Lexical approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
2. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Trait hierarchy
Sandra Bem
Stimulus-seeking individuals
3. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
situationists
Kay Deaux
trait
dispositionist
4. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Learned optimism
Self-awareness
Alice Eagly
5. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Self-esteem
Mesomorph
Barnum effect
Ectomorph
6. Hierarchy of needs
Seymour Epstein
Taxonomies
Abraham Maslow
Kay Deaux
7. Cognitive prototype approach
Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Hans Eysenck
Kay Deaux
8. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
trait
Twin studies
Cognitive prototype approach
9. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Learned helplessness
Barnum effect
Gender and depression
10. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Big Five
Taxonomies
Phrenology
Endomorph
11. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
Nomothetic approach
Lexical approach
12. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Self-handicapping
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
13. Have a great need for arousal
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Stimulus-seeking individuals
George Kelley
14. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Self-monitoring
Consistency paradox
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Hans Eysenck
15. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Trait hierarchy
Julian Rotter
Dispositional attribution
16. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Type theory
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Mesomorph
17. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Self-handicapping
personal constructs
Proprium or propriate function
trait
18. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Kay Deaux
Nomothetic approach
Implicit theories (personality)
interactionists
19. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Phrenology
Costa and McCrae
Alice Eagly
Mesomorph
20. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Julian Rotter
situationists
Hans Eysenck
Sandra Bem
21. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Phrenology
Fundamental attribution error
22. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
3 personality theories
Self-efficacy
Self-esteem
Alice Eagly
23. Learned helplessness
Martin Seligman
Dispositional attribution
Mirrors
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
24. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Taxonomies
Mirrors
Idiographic approach
Gordon Allport
25. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Self-monitoring
Type theory
26. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Grant Dahlstrom
Raymond Cattell
Henry Murray
27. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Gordon Allport
Trait hierarchy
Idiographic approach
Martin Seligman
28. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Taxonomies
Twin studies
Internal locus of control
Ectomorph
29. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Mirrors
Narcissism
Implicit theories (personality)
30. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
Lexical approach
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Martin Seligman
31. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Androgynous
Alice Eagly
Authoritarianism
32. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Alice Eagly
personal constructs
dispositionist
Androgynous
33. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
34. Somatotypes personality theory
Gender and depression
Henry Murray
trait
William Sheldon
35. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Authoritarianism
Type A personality
Self-handicapping
Cognitive prototype approach
36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Authoritarianism
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-handicapping
George Kelley
37. Studied Type A personality
Proprium or propriate function
Type A personality
Julian Rotter
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
38. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality tests (2 types)
Implicit theories (personality)
Gordon Allport
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
39. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Phrenology
Type A personality
personal constructs
40. Critical of personality trait theory
Nomothetic approach
Idiographic approach
Seymour Epstein
Narcissism
41. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Ectomorph
Phenomenological view (personality)
Raymond Cattell
Gordon Allport
42. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Mirrors
External locus of control
Phrenology
Bem Sex Role Inventory
43. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Authoritarianism
Kay Deaux
interactionists
44. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Seymour Epstein
Self-consciousness
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
45. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Fundamental attribution error
Implicit theories (personality)
Taxonomies
46. Only circumstances determine behavior
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-awareness
situationists
Mirrors
47. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Lexical approach
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Trait hierarchy
48. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Trait hierarchy
Big Five
Androgynous
Sandra Bem
49. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Cognitive prototype approach
situationists
Julian Rotter
50. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Alice Eagly
Authoritarianism
Learned optimism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality