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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Seymour Epstein
Gordon Allport
Grant Dahlstrom
Consistency paradox
2. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Kay Deaux
Self-monitoring
Taxonomies
Martin Seligman
3. External and internal locus of control
Lexical approach
George Kelley
3 personality theories
Julian Rotter
4. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Self-awareness
Grant Dahlstrom
Julian Rotter
Self-consciousness
5. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Ectomorph
Personality tests (2 types)
External locus of control
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
6. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
George Kelley
Endomorph
Self-handicapping
Seymour Epstein
7. Hierarchy of needs
interactionists
Abraham Maslow
Costa and McCrae
Dispositional attribution
8. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Martin Seligman
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Type A personality
9. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Taxonomies
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Barnum effect
Type theory
10. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Cognitive prototype approach
Costa and McCrae
11. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Type theory
Type A personality
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Internal locus of control
12. Personality changes little after age 30
Self-monitoring
Self-esteem
Matina Horner
Costa and McCrae
13. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
14. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gordon Allport
Self-awareness
Androgynous
15. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Self-monitoring
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Julian Rotter
personal constructs
16. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Narcissism
External locus of control
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
17. Somatotypes personality theory
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Matina Horner
Internal locus of control
William Sheldon
18. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Sandra Bem
Lexical approach
Big Five
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
19. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Sandra Bem
Henry Murray
Learned optimism
Alice Eagly
20. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Costa and McCrae
Bem Sex Role Inventory
dispositionist
Mirrors
21. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
Dispositional attribution
Nomothetic approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
22. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Twin studies
Sandra Bem
Ectomorph
Narcissism
23. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Abraham Maslow
Hans Eysenck
George Kelley
Idiographic approach
24. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Type theory
Costa and McCrae
Lexical approach
Phrenology
25. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
interactionists
Fundamental attribution error
Barnum effect
Phrenology
26. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Big Five
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Raymond Cattell
27. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Type theory
Idiographic approach
28. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Implicit theories (personality)
Raymond Cattell
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
29. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
dispositionist
Proprium or propriate function
Learned optimism
30. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Gordon Allport
Martin Seligman
Type theory
Taxonomies
31. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Fundamental attribution error
trait
Kay Deaux
Personality tests (2 types)
32. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
William Sheldon
Fundamental attribution error
interactionists
personal constructs
33. Learned helplessness
dispositionist
Self-efficacy
Martin Seligman
Consistency paradox
34. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Dispositional attribution
Authoritarianism
Self-handicapping
35. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-esteem
Gender and depression
Matina Horner
36. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Idiographic approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
37. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
George Kelley
Implicit theories (personality)
Type theory
3 personality theories
38. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Gender and depression
Self-handicapping
Fundamental attribution error
39. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
George Kelley
Self-monitoring
3 personality theories
40. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
situationists
Self-awareness
Matina Horner
41. Only circumstances determine behavior
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Self-awareness
situationists
42. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Narcissism
Self-awareness
Endomorph
43. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Kay Deaux
Fundamental attribution error
Hans Eysenck
44. Studied Type A personality
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Lexical approach
Twin studies
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
45. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Implicit theories (personality)
Personality tests (2 types)
Barnum effect
46. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Internal locus of control
3 personality theories
Ectomorph
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
47. Critical of personality trait theory
Seymour Epstein
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Consistency paradox
Trait hierarchy
48. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Self-handicapping
Self-consciousness
Lexical approach
Abraham Maslow
49. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Seymour Epstein
Learned optimism
Implicit theories (personality)
External locus of control
50. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
William Sheldon
George Kelley
Alice Eagly
Self-esteem