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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






2. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






3. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






4. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






5. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






6. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






7. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






8. Hierarchy of needs






9. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






10. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






11. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






12. Possessing both male and female qualities






13. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






14. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






15. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






17. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






18. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






19. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






20. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






21. Critical of personality trait theory






22. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






23. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






24. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






25. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






26. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






27. Studied Type A personality






28. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






29. Learned helplessness






30. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






31. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






32. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






33. Only circumstances determine behavior






34. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






35. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






37. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






38. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






39. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






40. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






41. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






42. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






43. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






44. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






45. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






46. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






47. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






48. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






49. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






50. Have a great need for arousal