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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have a great need for arousal






2. Hierarchy of needs






3. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






4. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






5. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






6. Somatotypes personality theory






7. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






8. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






9. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






10. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






11. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






12. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






13. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






14. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






15. Critical of personality trait theory






16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






17. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






18. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






19. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






20. Possessing both male and female qualities






21. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






22. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






23. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






24. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






25. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






26. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






27. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






28. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






29. Studied Type A personality






30. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






31. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






32. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






33. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






34. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






35. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






36. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






37. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






38. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






39. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






40. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






41. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






42. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






43. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






44. Cognitive prototype approach






45. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






46. External and internal locus of control






47. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






48. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






49. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






50. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men