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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Narcissism
Twin studies
Dispositional attribution
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
2. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Mesomorph
Costa and McCrae
Kay Deaux
dispositionist
3. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
interactionists
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Narcissism
Martin Seligman
4. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Type A personality
interactionists
Trait hierarchy
Self-efficacy
5. Studied Type A personality
Self-consciousness
Proprium or propriate function
dispositionist
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
6. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Personality tests (2 types)
Mesomorph
Martin Seligman
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
7. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
personal constructs
Nomothetic approach
Type A personality
Twin studies
8. Learned helplessness
Alice Eagly
Martin Seligman
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
personal constructs
9. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Nomothetic approach
Costa and McCrae
Abraham Maslow
10. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Learned helplessness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Personality
11. External and internal locus of control
Internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Martin Seligman
George Kelley
12. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Mirrors
Gender and depression
Grant Dahlstrom
13. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Learned helplessness
External locus of control
Henry Murray
Nomothetic approach
14. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Abraham Maslow
Phrenology
Self-monitoring
dispositionist
15. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
situationists
Hans Eysenck
Personality tests (2 types)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
16. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Big Five
Grant Dahlstrom
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Ectomorph
17. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Matina Horner
Gender and depression
Learned helplessness
3 personality theories
18. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
William Sheldon
Matina Horner
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
19. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Learned optimism
Abraham Maslow
Matina Horner
Cognitive prototype approach
20. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Kay Deaux
Big Five
Twin studies
Proprium or propriate function
21. Only circumstances determine behavior
Authoritarianism
situationists
Barnum effect
Dispositional attribution
22. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
External locus of control
Lexical approach
Fundamental attribution error
Henry Murray
23. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Taxonomies
Raymond Cattell
Kay Deaux
Self-efficacy
24. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Ectomorph
Self-handicapping
Self-efficacy
Nomothetic approach
25. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Matina Horner
Self-efficacy
Androgynous
Endomorph
26. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Mesomorph
Alice Eagly
Phrenology
Learned optimism
27. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Lexical approach
Gordon Allport
Barnum effect
Phrenology
28. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Raymond Cattell
Dispositional attribution
Internal locus of control
dispositionist
29. Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Endomorph
Gender and depression
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
30. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Androgynous
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Authoritarianism
Type theory
31. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Lexical approach
Ectomorph
Mirrors
Matina Horner
32. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Alice Eagly
Self-consciousness
Hans Eysenck
33. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Authoritarianism
3 personality theories
Mesomorph
Type A personality
34. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Consistency paradox
interactionists
Fundamental attribution error
Alice Eagly
35. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
dispositionist
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Learned optimism
36. Critical of personality trait theory
situationists
Self-efficacy
Seymour Epstein
Learned optimism
37. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Mesomorph
William Sheldon
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
38. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Proprium or propriate function
Kay Deaux
Martin Seligman
Fundamental attribution error
39. Personality changes little after age 30
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Costa and McCrae
Sandra Bem
personal constructs
40. Have a great need for arousal
Gender and depression
Learned helplessness
Stimulus-seeking individuals
George Kelley
41. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
situationists
Self-awareness
Sandra Bem
Costa and McCrae
42. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Julian Rotter
Consistency paradox
Idiographic approach
Lexical approach
43. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Type theory
Internal locus of control
personal constructs
44. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
3 personality theories
Phenomenological view (personality)
personal constructs
situationists
45. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Costa and McCrae
William Sheldon
46. Somatotypes personality theory
Trait hierarchy
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Type theory
William Sheldon
47. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Gordon Allport
Alice Eagly
George Kelley
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
48. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
49. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Henry Murray
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Trait hierarchy
Idiographic approach
50. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Androgynous
Barnum effect
Raymond Cattell