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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






2. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






3. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






4. Possessing both male and female qualities






5. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






6. External and internal locus of control






7. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






8. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






9. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






10. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






11. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


12. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






13. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






14. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






15. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






16. Cognitive prototype approach






17. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






18. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






19. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






20. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






21. Hierarchy of needs






22. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






23. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






24. Somatotypes personality theory






25. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






26. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






27. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






28. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






29. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






30. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






31. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






32. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






33. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






34. Have a great need for arousal






35. Critical of personality trait theory






36. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






37. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






38. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






39. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






40. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






41. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






42. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






43. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






44. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






45. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






46. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






47. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






48. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






49. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






50. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame