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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






2. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






3. Critical of personality trait theory






4. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






5. Have a great need for arousal






6. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






7. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






8. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






9. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






10. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






11. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






12. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






13. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






14. Hierarchy of needs






15. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






16. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






17. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






18. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






19. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






20. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






21. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






22. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






23. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






24. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






25. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






26. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






27. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






28. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






29. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






30. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






31. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






32. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






33. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






34. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






37. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






38. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






39. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






40. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






41. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






42. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






43. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






44. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






45. Personality changes little after age 30






46. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






47. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






48. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






49. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






50. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory