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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Cognitive prototype approach
situationists
personal constructs
Self-handicapping
2. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
William Sheldon
Gordon Allport
Type theory
3. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Costa and McCrae
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
William Sheldon
4. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Implicit theories (personality)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Henry Murray
5. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Type theory
Phenomenological view (personality)
Endomorph
Personality tests (2 types)
6. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Trait hierarchy
George Kelley
Sandra Bem
Self-efficacy
7. Have a great need for arousal
George Kelley
Martin Seligman
Stimulus-seeking individuals
situationists
8. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
Abraham Maslow
Taxonomies
Proprium or propriate function
9. Hierarchy of needs
Lexical approach
Dispositional attribution
Narcissism
Abraham Maslow
10. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Phenomenological view (personality)
Idiographic approach
Twin studies
External locus of control
11. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Alice Eagly
Self-efficacy
Twin studies
Matina Horner
12. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
Internal locus of control
13. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Barnum effect
Julian Rotter
Self-monitoring
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
14. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Internal locus of control
Personality
Nomothetic approach
Raymond Cattell
15. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
personal constructs
Seymour Epstein
Henry Murray
Matina Horner
16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Learned optimism
Sandra Bem
Gordon Allport
Androgynous
17. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
dispositionist
Abraham Maslow
Julian Rotter
Type theory
18. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned optimism
Idiographic approach
Hans Eysenck
19. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Lexical approach
Fundamental attribution error
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-efficacy
20. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-esteem
Kay Deaux
Bem Sex Role Inventory
personal constructs
21. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Learned optimism
Ectomorph
Gender and depression
Phenomenological view (personality)
22. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Matina Horner
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Barnum effect
Grant Dahlstrom
23. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Matina Horner
Twin studies
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Costa and McCrae
24. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Phenomenological view (personality)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Ectomorph
25. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Dispositional attribution
Self-handicapping
Phenomenological view (personality)
Consistency paradox
26. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Dispositional attribution
Learned optimism
Hans Eysenck
Lexical approach
27. Learned helplessness
Mirrors
Martin Seligman
interactionists
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
28. Studied Type A personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Costa and McCrae
Idiographic approach
External locus of control
29. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Self-esteem
Henry Murray
Trait hierarchy
Costa and McCrae
30. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Gender and depression
Self-efficacy
Matina Horner
Grant Dahlstrom
31. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Androgynous
Fundamental attribution error
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Big Five
32. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Proprium or propriate function
Phrenology
George Kelley
Big Five
33. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Self-handicapping
Learned optimism
Barnum effect
Phrenology
34. Personality changes little after age 30
Fundamental attribution error
Narcissism
Grant Dahlstrom
Costa and McCrae
35. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Proprium or propriate function
Endomorph
Narcissism
Type A personality
36. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Self-consciousness
Mesomorph
Kay Deaux
Gordon Allport
37. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Self-handicapping
Type theory
Matina Horner
Henry Murray
38. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Raymond Cattell
Barnum effect
Consistency paradox
39. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Type A personality
Learned optimism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Dispositional attribution
40. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Matina Horner
Endomorph
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Cognitive prototype approach
41. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Consistency paradox
Self-awareness
Julian Rotter
Internal locus of control
42. External and internal locus of control
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Julian Rotter
trait
Self-monitoring
43. Possessing both male and female qualities
William Sheldon
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Androgynous
Trait hierarchy
44. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Phenomenological view (personality)
Barnum effect
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Martin Seligman
45. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Proprium or propriate function
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Sandra Bem
Phrenology
46. Somatotypes personality theory
Mesomorph
William Sheldon
Personality tests (2 types)
interactionists
47. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Phenomenological view (personality)
Consistency paradox
Cognitive prototype approach
External locus of control
48. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Twin studies
Gordon Allport
49. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Seymour Epstein
Big Five
Internal locus of control
Henry Murray
50. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Mesomorph
3 personality theories
dispositionist
Phrenology