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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
George Kelley
Barnum effect
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
2. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
3 personality theories
Consistency paradox
Personality tests (2 types)
3. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Authoritarianism
Raymond Cattell
Consistency paradox
Narcissism
4. Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Gender and depression
Gordon Allport
Internal locus of control
5. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Taxonomies
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Hans Eysenck
Gender and depression
6. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Self-consciousness
situationists
7. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
8. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Twin studies
Fundamental attribution error
Phrenology
Julian Rotter
9. External and internal locus of control
George Kelley
Abraham Maslow
Julian Rotter
Phenomenological view (personality)
10. Only circumstances determine behavior
Self-esteem
George Kelley
Cognitive prototype approach
situationists
11. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Mirrors
Phenomenological view (personality)
Fundamental attribution error
Big Five
12. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Learned helplessness
situationists
Grant Dahlstrom
13. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Twin studies
dispositionist
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Internal locus of control
14. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Dispositional attribution
Kay Deaux
Endomorph
Mirrors
15. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Henry Murray
Hans Eysenck
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Matina Horner
16. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
Self-handicapping
Self-consciousness
Matina Horner
17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Seymour Epstein
Phenomenological view (personality)
Authoritarianism
Martin Seligman
18. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
Androgynous
Dispositional attribution
Narcissism
19. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Barnum effect
William Sheldon
Matina Horner
20. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Androgynous
Nomothetic approach
Gender and depression
21. Critical of personality trait theory
Idiographic approach
Alice Eagly
Mesomorph
Seymour Epstein
22. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
George Kelley
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
23. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Lexical approach
Self-monitoring
Hans Eysenck
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
24. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Trait hierarchy
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Mesomorph
25. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
External locus of control
interactionists
Proprium or propriate function
Gordon Allport
26. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Twin studies
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Nomothetic approach
3 personality theories
27. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Proprium or propriate function
Self-esteem
Narcissism
Mesomorph
28. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
Learned helplessness
Self-efficacy
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
29. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Internal locus of control
Kay Deaux
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
30. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Self-monitoring
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Internal locus of control
Stimulus-seeking individuals
31. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Internal locus of control
Twin studies
Self-handicapping
Androgynous
32. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Personality tests (2 types)
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
trait
Raymond Cattell
33. Possessing both male and female qualities
Androgynous
Mesomorph
Authoritarianism
Self-awareness
34. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Stimulus-seeking individuals
dispositionist
Gordon Allport
Phrenology
35. Cognitive prototype approach
Big Five
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Ectomorph
Self-esteem
36. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Costa and McCrae
Mesomorph
Idiographic approach
Henry Murray
37. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Self-handicapping
Sandra Bem
Self-awareness
3 personality theories
38. Have a great need for arousal
Raymond Cattell
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Personality tests (2 types)
39. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Gender and depression
Julian Rotter
Endomorph
Learned helplessness
40. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
George Kelley
Cognitive prototype approach
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Lexical approach
41. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Hans Eysenck
Costa and McCrae
3 personality theories
Authoritarianism
42. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
situationists
Phenomenological view (personality)
43. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Raymond Cattell
Kay Deaux
Gender and depression
44. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Seymour Epstein
Big Five
Self-esteem
Type A personality
45. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Taxonomies
Big Five
46. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Self-consciousness
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Kay Deaux
47. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Internal locus of control
Kay Deaux
interactionists
Personality
48. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Abraham Maslow
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Authoritarianism
George Kelley
49. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Seymour Epstein
External locus of control
Grant Dahlstrom
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
50. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
George Kelley
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Cognitive prototype approach