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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Learned optimism
Twin studies
Big Five
2. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Julian Rotter
Nomothetic approach
Type theory
Raymond Cattell
3. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Grant Dahlstrom
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
dispositionist
4. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Gender and depression
Dispositional attribution
Martin Seligman
5. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Internal locus of control
Seymour Epstein
Narcissism
Alice Eagly
6. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Seymour Epstein
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Gordon Allport
7. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
Self-consciousness
8. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Abraham Maslow
trait
Ectomorph
Self-consciousness
9. External and internal locus of control
Narcissism
Julian Rotter
Learned optimism
Learned helplessness
10. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Personality tests (2 types)
Dispositional attribution
Fundamental attribution error
11. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
Learned optimism
Hans Eysenck
trait
12. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Mirrors
Endomorph
Authoritarianism
Hans Eysenck
13. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Taxonomies
trait
Personality
Cognitive prototype approach
14. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Androgynous
Self-consciousness
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
15. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
situationists
Learned optimism
Phrenology
Henry Murray
16. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
William Sheldon
Taxonomies
Mirrors
Trait hierarchy
17. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Personality tests (2 types)
Seymour Epstein
Costa and McCrae
18. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Hans Eysenck
Twin studies
Self-handicapping
Stimulus-seeking individuals
19. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Self-monitoring
Lexical approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Learned optimism
20. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Gordon Allport
Ectomorph
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
21. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Sandra Bem
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
External locus of control
22. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Matina Horner
Learned optimism
Martin Seligman
23. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Gender and depression
Narcissism
Matina Horner
24. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
situationists
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Endomorph
Implicit theories (personality)
25. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Narcissism
Personality
Endomorph
Big Five
26. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Phenomenological view (personality)
Abraham Maslow
Phrenology
Gender and depression
27. Studied Type A personality
Mesomorph
dispositionist
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Raymond Cattell
28. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Big Five
Kay Deaux
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
29. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Gender and depression
Internal locus of control
Learned helplessness
30. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Grant Dahlstrom
Learned helplessness
Julian Rotter
31. Learned helplessness
Kay Deaux
3 personality theories
Phenomenological view (personality)
Martin Seligman
32. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Phenomenological view (personality)
Cognitive prototype approach
Costa and McCrae
Big Five
33. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Internal locus of control
Lexical approach
Authoritarianism
Idiographic approach
34. Only circumstances determine behavior
Big Five
Personality tests (2 types)
External locus of control
situationists
35. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Personality
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
External locus of control
Henry Murray
36. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
interactionists
Mirrors
Phenomenological view (personality)
37. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Mirrors
Seymour Epstein
Taxonomies
38. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Type theory
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-esteem
Hans Eysenck
39. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
personal constructs
William Sheldon
Internal locus of control
Mesomorph
40. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Trait hierarchy
Self-monitoring
Martin Seligman
Abraham Maslow
41. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
Self-consciousness
dispositionist
Trait hierarchy
42. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Dispositional attribution
Androgynous
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Mirrors
43. Critical of personality trait theory
Phenomenological view (personality)
Seymour Epstein
trait
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
44. Cognitive prototype approach
Self-efficacy
Consistency paradox
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Authoritarianism
45. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Gender and depression
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
dispositionist
Cognitive prototype approach
46. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Narcissism
Gender and depression
Costa and McCrae
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
47. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Self-handicapping
Bem Sex Role Inventory
trait
Consistency paradox
48. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
trait
Dispositional attribution
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Matina Horner
49. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Type theory
Learned optimism
Dispositional attribution
Julian Rotter
50. Hierarchy of needs
personal constructs
Abraham Maslow
Personality tests (2 types)
Endomorph
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