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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






2. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


3. Critical of personality trait theory






4. Cognitive prototype approach






5. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






6. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






7. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






8. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






9. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






10. Only circumstances determine behavior






11. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






12. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






13. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






14. Somatotypes personality theory






15. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






16. Have a great need for arousal






17. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






18. Learned helplessness






19. Hierarchy of needs






20. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






21. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






22. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






23. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






24. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






25. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






26. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






27. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






28. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






29. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






30. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






31. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






32. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






33. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






34. Possessing both male and female qualities






35. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






36. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






37. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






38. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






39. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






40. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






41. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






42. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






43. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






44. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






45. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






46. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






47. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






48. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






49. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






50. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self