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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






2. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






3. Hierarchy of needs






4. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






5. Have a great need for arousal






6. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






7. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






8. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






9. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






10. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






11. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






12. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






13. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






14. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






15. Critical of personality trait theory






16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






17. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






18. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






19. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






20. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






21. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






22. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






23. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






24. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






25. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






26. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






27. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






28. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






29. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






30. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






31. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






32. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






33. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






34. Learned helplessness






35. Cognitive prototype approach






36. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






37. Somatotypes personality theory






38. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






39. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






40. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






41. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






42. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


43. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






44. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






45. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






46. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






47. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






48. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






49. Studied Type A personality






50. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact