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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Critical of personality trait theory






2. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






3. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






4. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






5. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






6. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






7. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






8. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






9. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






10. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






11. Learned helplessness






12. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






13. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






14. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






15. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






17. Personality changes little after age 30






18. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph

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19. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






20. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






21. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






22. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






23. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






24. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






25. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






26. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






27. Have a great need for arousal






28. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






29. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






30. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






31. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






32. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






33. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






34. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






35. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






36. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






37. Somatotypes personality theory






38. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






39. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






40. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






41. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






42. Possessing both male and female qualities






43. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






44. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






45. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






46. Only circumstances determine behavior






47. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






48. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






49. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






50. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag