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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Only circumstances determine behavior
Mesomorph
3 personality theories
Endomorph
situationists
2. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Fundamental attribution error
Ectomorph
Abraham Maslow
3. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Proprium or propriate function
Self-efficacy
Phrenology
Type A personality
4. Possessing both male and female qualities
situationists
Androgynous
Implicit theories (personality)
Self-consciousness
5. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Personality tests (2 types)
Big Five
Ectomorph
Bem Sex Role Inventory
6. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Fundamental attribution error
Proprium or propriate function
Mirrors
Alice Eagly
7. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Julian Rotter
Big Five
Phrenology
8. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Mesomorph
Self-handicapping
Gender and depression
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
9. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
Fundamental attribution error
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Learned helplessness
10. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Lexical approach
Learned helplessness
Self-efficacy
Seymour Epstein
11. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Idiographic approach
Nomothetic approach
Big Five
12. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Consistency paradox
Martin Seligman
Fundamental attribution error
Type theory
13. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
George Kelley
Learned helplessness
Sandra Bem
14. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Phenomenological view (personality)
Big Five
Learned optimism
15. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Kay Deaux
Mesomorph
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Personality tests (2 types)
16. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Mesomorph
Phrenology
dispositionist
3 personality theories
17. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Taxonomies
Self-esteem
dispositionist
18. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Mesomorph
Personality
Julian Rotter
Consistency paradox
19. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Authoritarianism
Julian Rotter
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gordon Allport
20. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Internal locus of control
Idiographic approach
3 personality theories
Alice Eagly
21. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Phrenology
Type A personality
Sandra Bem
Stimulus-seeking individuals
22. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Idiographic approach
Mesomorph
interactionists
23. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Martin Seligman
Phenomenological view (personality)
Hans Eysenck
Idiographic approach
24. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Barnum effect
Kay Deaux
Learned optimism
Consistency paradox
25. Learned helplessness
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Martin Seligman
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Sandra Bem
26. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Self-handicapping
Grant Dahlstrom
Gender and depression
27. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Fundamental attribution error
Androgynous
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Costa and McCrae
28. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Narcissism
Seymour Epstein
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
trait
29. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Learned helplessness
Kay Deaux
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Gender and depression
30. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Self-esteem
Taxonomies
Authoritarianism
Personality
31. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
trait
Internal locus of control
Trait hierarchy
32. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Barnum effect
Implicit theories (personality)
Gender and depression
Seymour Epstein
33. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Self-efficacy
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Idiographic approach
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
34. Cognitive prototype approach
Self-monitoring
Julian Rotter
Proprium or propriate function
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
35. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Abraham Maslow
Cognitive prototype approach
Dispositional attribution
Narcissism
36. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Mesomorph
Grant Dahlstrom
Implicit theories (personality)
Gender and depression
37. Critical of personality trait theory
Personality tests (2 types)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Androgynous
Seymour Epstein
38. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Gordon Allport
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Julian Rotter
39. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Personality
Kay Deaux
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Abraham Maslow
40. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Idiographic approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
41. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
42. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Self-efficacy
trait
Consistency paradox
Lexical approach
43. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Dispositional attribution
3 personality theories
Idiographic approach
Self-consciousness
44. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Mesomorph
Self-awareness
Ectomorph
Raymond Cattell
45. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Twin studies
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Trait hierarchy
Hans Eysenck
46. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Personality tests (2 types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Matina Horner
Henry Murray
47. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Hans Eysenck
Raymond Cattell
interactionists
personal constructs
48. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
Personality tests (2 types)
Internal locus of control
situationists
49. External and internal locus of control
trait
Internal locus of control
interactionists
Julian Rotter
50. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Dispositional attribution
Consistency paradox
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Twin studies