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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
William Sheldon
Twin studies
Phenomenological view (personality)
Consistency paradox
2. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
William Sheldon
Gender and depression
Big Five
Martin Seligman
3. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Costa and McCrae
Mirrors
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Nomothetic approach
4. External and internal locus of control
Gordon Allport
Learned optimism
Julian Rotter
Idiographic approach
5. Possessing both male and female qualities
Androgynous
Self-awareness
Trait hierarchy
Henry Murray
6. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Self-awareness
Martin Seligman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Costa and McCrae
7. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Barnum effect
Raymond Cattell
Self-efficacy
8. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
interactionists
Implicit theories (personality)
9. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
3 personality theories
Authoritarianism
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Narcissism
10. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
External locus of control
Dispositional attribution
Phrenology
Martin Seligman
11. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
William Sheldon
Big Five
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Self-consciousness
12. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Personality tests (2 types)
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Barnum effect
Narcissism
13. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Androgynous
Alice Eagly
Narcissism
Raymond Cattell
14. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
Taxonomies
Phrenology
Mirrors
15. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Ectomorph
Big Five
Matina Horner
16. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Cognitive prototype approach
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Consistency paradox
17. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Taxonomies
Cognitive prototype approach
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Costa and McCrae
18. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Seymour Epstein
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Self-consciousness
19. Only circumstances determine behavior
Proprium or propriate function
Mirrors
situationists
Fundamental attribution error
20. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality
External locus of control
Type A personality
Personality tests (2 types)
21. Critical of personality trait theory
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Fundamental attribution error
Seymour Epstein
Phrenology
22. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Authoritarianism
External locus of control
personal constructs
Bem Sex Role Inventory
23. Studied Type A personality
Costa and McCrae
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-esteem
Martin Seligman
24. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Dispositional attribution
Self-efficacy
Mirrors
25. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Mesomorph
External locus of control
Self-consciousness
Gordon Allport
26. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Personality tests (2 types)
External locus of control
Implicit theories (personality)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
27. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Learned helplessness
Matina Horner
Implicit theories (personality)
Self-handicapping
28. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Seymour Epstein
Henry Murray
William Sheldon
Type theory
29. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
interactionists
30. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
George Kelley
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-awareness
31. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Personality tests (2 types)
Alice Eagly
Raymond Cattell
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
32. Have a great need for arousal
Mesomorph
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Nomothetic approach
33. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Lexical approach
Hans Eysenck
Big Five
Idiographic approach
34. Cognitive prototype approach
Raymond Cattell
Gordon Allport
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
35. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Self-efficacy
Kay Deaux
personal constructs
Hans Eysenck
36. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Twin studies
Personality tests (2 types)
Fundamental attribution error
trait
37. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Mesomorph
Nomothetic approach
Ectomorph
Cognitive prototype approach
38. Learned helplessness
Seymour Epstein
Idiographic approach
Type A personality
Martin Seligman
39. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Sandra Bem
Julian Rotter
Bem Sex Role Inventory
40. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Androgynous
Authoritarianism
Kay Deaux
41. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
trait
Type A personality
Personality tests (2 types)
42. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Julian Rotter
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
personal constructs
Idiographic approach
43. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Barnum effect
dispositionist
Implicit theories (personality)
44. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Kay Deaux
interactionists
Self-monitoring
45. Somatotypes personality theory
Lexical approach
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
William Sheldon
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
46. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Gordon Allport
situationists
Matina Horner
Type theory
47. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Matina Horner
interactionists
Hans Eysenck
Stimulus-seeking individuals
48. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Costa and McCrae
Ectomorph
Self-monitoring
dispositionist
49. Personality changes little after age 30
Fundamental attribution error
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Costa and McCrae
Grant Dahlstrom
50. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Ectomorph
Endomorph
Self-monitoring