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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Idiographic approach
Self-efficacy
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Consistency paradox
2. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Endomorph
Self-consciousness
3 personality theories
Self-awareness
3. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
interactionists
George Kelley
Consistency paradox
Self-consciousness
4. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Endomorph
Internal locus of control
Mirrors
5. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
George Kelley
Grant Dahlstrom
Phenomenological view (personality)
Trait hierarchy
6. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Taxonomies
Julian Rotter
Alice Eagly
Self-consciousness
7. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Self-esteem
personal constructs
William Sheldon
External locus of control
8. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Self-handicapping
Narcissism
Taxonomies
interactionists
9. Cognitive prototype approach
Kay Deaux
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alice Eagly
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
10. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Alice Eagly
Consistency paradox
Phenomenological view (personality)
Personality tests (2 types)
11. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Taxonomies
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Mirrors
12. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Implicit theories (personality)
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
13. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Fundamental attribution error
Matina Horner
14. Possessing both male and female qualities
Martin Seligman
William Sheldon
Self-awareness
Androgynous
15. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Fundamental attribution error
Type theory
Barnum effect
Self-efficacy
16. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Learned optimism
Lexical approach
Seymour Epstein
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
17. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Self-handicapping
Implicit theories (personality)
Nomothetic approach
Twin studies
18. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
trait
personal constructs
Personality
Type theory
19. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Lexical approach
Self-awareness
Proprium or propriate function
trait
20. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Kay Deaux
Self-monitoring
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Taxonomies
21. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Self-awareness
Dispositional attribution
Endomorph
Authoritarianism
22. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Trait hierarchy
Costa and McCrae
George Kelley
Gordon Allport
23. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
Learned helplessness
Dispositional attribution
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
24. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Julian Rotter
Mesomorph
Alice Eagly
25. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Grant Dahlstrom
External locus of control
Personality tests (2 types)
Implicit theories (personality)
26. Have a great need for arousal
Martin Seligman
Twin studies
Hans Eysenck
Stimulus-seeking individuals
27. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Phenomenological view (personality)
dispositionist
Authoritarianism
Self-esteem
28. Studied Type A personality
Self-consciousness
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Narcissism
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
29. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Type theory
Learned optimism
Ectomorph
30. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Alice Eagly
Phrenology
Trait hierarchy
Personality
31. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Grant Dahlstrom
Implicit theories (personality)
Self-handicapping
32. Critical of personality trait theory
Gordon Allport
Learned optimism
Seymour Epstein
Learned helplessness
33. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
interactionists
Abraham Maslow
Learned optimism
Endomorph
34. Hierarchy of needs
Self-efficacy
Gordon Allport
Kay Deaux
Abraham Maslow
35. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
3 personality theories
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
dispositionist
Internal locus of control
36. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Personality tests (2 types)
Julian Rotter
Cognitive prototype approach
37. Personality changes little after age 30
Proprium or propriate function
Mirrors
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Costa and McCrae
38. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Idiographic approach
Gender and depression
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Abraham Maslow
39. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
40. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
External locus of control
Costa and McCrae
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Learned helplessness
41. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
situationists
Proprium or propriate function
Henry Murray
42. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Fundamental attribution error
Nomothetic approach
Julian Rotter
Personality tests (2 types)
43. Only circumstances determine behavior
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Barnum effect
Taxonomies
situationists
44. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Self-awareness
Idiographic approach
Phrenology
Alice Eagly
45. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Trait hierarchy
Ectomorph
Implicit theories (personality)
46. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
3 personality theories
Henry Murray
trait
Type theory
47. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Grant Dahlstrom
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Implicit theories (personality)
personal constructs
48. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Self-efficacy
Learned optimism
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Barnum effect
49. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Hans Eysenck
Self-esteem
dispositionist
Phrenology
50. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Authoritarianism
Learned helplessness
Sandra Bem
Martin Seligman