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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






2. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






3. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






4. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






5. Studied Type A personality






6. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






7. Cognitive prototype approach






8. Only circumstances determine behavior






9. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






10. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






11. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






12. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






13. Personality changes little after age 30






14. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






15. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






16. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






17. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






18. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






19. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






20. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






21. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






22. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






23. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






24. Hierarchy of needs






25. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






26. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






27. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






28. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






29. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






30. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






31. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






32. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






33. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






34. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






35. Critical of personality trait theory






36. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






37. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






38. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






39. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






40. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






41. Learned helplessness






42. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






43. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






44. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






45. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






46. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






47. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






48. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


49. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






50. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts