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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






2. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






3. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






4. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






5. External and internal locus of control






6. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






7. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






8. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






9. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






10. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






11. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






12. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






13. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






14. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






15. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






17. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






18. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






19. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


20. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






21. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






22. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






23. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






24. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






25. Critical of personality trait theory






26. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






27. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






28. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






29. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






30. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






31. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






32. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






33. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






34. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






35. Hierarchy of needs






36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






37. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






38. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






39. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






40. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






41. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






42. Somatotypes personality theory






43. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






44. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






45. Only circumstances determine behavior






46. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






47. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






48. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






49. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






50. Studied Type A personality