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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






2. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






3. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






4. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






5. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






6. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






7. Studied Type A personality






8. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






9. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






10. Possessing both male and female qualities






11. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






12. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






13. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






14. Only circumstances determine behavior






15. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






16. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






17. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






18. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






19. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






20. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






21. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






22. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






23. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






24. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






25. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






26. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






27. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






28. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






29. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






30. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






31. External and internal locus of control






32. Have a great need for arousal






33. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






34. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






35. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






37. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






38. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






39. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






40. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


41. Hierarchy of needs






42. Learned helplessness






43. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






44. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






45. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






46. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






47. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






48. Cognitive prototype approach






49. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






50. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social