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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. External and internal locus of control
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Julian Rotter
Authoritarianism
Gender and depression
2. Personality changes little after age 30
William Sheldon
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-consciousness
Costa and McCrae
3. Studied Type A personality
Ectomorph
Type A personality
Internal locus of control
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
4. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Cognitive prototype approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
5. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Fundamental attribution error
Trait hierarchy
Abraham Maslow
Personality tests (2 types)
6. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Nomothetic approach
Endomorph
Bem Sex Role Inventory
7. Somatotypes personality theory
Internal locus of control
Abraham Maslow
William Sheldon
Type A personality
8. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Martin Seligman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Consistency paradox
9. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Martin Seligman
Self-handicapping
Internal locus of control
3 personality theories
10. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
trait
Idiographic approach
Self-efficacy
Sandra Bem
11. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Type A personality
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
dispositionist
12. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Narcissism
Type theory
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
13. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Self-monitoring
Dispositional attribution
Grant Dahlstrom
14. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Gender and depression
Internal locus of control
15. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Mirrors
William Sheldon
Twin studies
Nomothetic approach
16. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Phenomenological view (personality)
Narcissism
Lexical approach
Personality tests (2 types)
17. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Type theory
Ectomorph
Self-monitoring
18. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Abraham Maslow
Ectomorph
Dispositional attribution
Sandra Bem
19. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Authoritarianism
Alice Eagly
Taxonomies
Type theory
20. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Raymond Cattell
Self-consciousness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
personal constructs
21. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Narcissism
Phrenology
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Twin studies
22. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Mesomorph
Endomorph
Proprium or propriate function
23. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Proprium or propriate function
Cognitive prototype approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Ectomorph
24. Critical of personality trait theory
Phenomenological view (personality)
Cognitive prototype approach
Self-efficacy
Seymour Epstein
25. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Cognitive prototype approach
Taxonomies
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
26. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
personal constructs
trait
Self-handicapping
27. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Julian Rotter
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Personality tests (2 types)
Trait hierarchy
28. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Barnum effect
Grant Dahlstrom
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Hans Eysenck
29. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Self-consciousness
Learned optimism
Implicit theories (personality)
30. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Learned optimism
Abraham Maslow
Self-monitoring
Sandra Bem
31. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
William Sheldon
Gordon Allport
Authoritarianism
Phenomenological view (personality)
32. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Learned optimism
Type A personality
Raymond Cattell
Lexical approach
33. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Kay Deaux
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
personal constructs
Matina Horner
34. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Big Five
Twin studies
personal constructs
Raymond Cattell
35. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
William Sheldon
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
36. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Alice Eagly
Hans Eysenck
Mirrors
37. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Self-esteem
Fundamental attribution error
Julian Rotter
38. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Androgynous
Narcissism
Learned helplessness
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
39. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
Mirrors
Gordon Allport
Narcissism
40. Cognitive prototype approach
Consistency paradox
Martin Seligman
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Lexical approach
41. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Personality
Nomothetic approach
Consistency paradox
Big Five
42. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Self-esteem
Abraham Maslow
Implicit theories (personality)
43. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Learned optimism
Self-consciousness
Barnum effect
Kay Deaux
44. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Seymour Epstein
Personality tests (2 types)
Nomothetic approach
Phrenology
45. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Costa and McCrae
Big Five
Type theory
Mesomorph
46. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Personality tests (2 types)
trait
Gender and depression
47. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Implicit theories (personality)
3 personality theories
Consistency paradox
George Kelley
48. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Endomorph
Narcissism
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
personal constructs
49. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Nomothetic approach
Learned optimism
trait
Dispositional attribution
50. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Hans Eysenck
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Barnum effect