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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






2. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






3. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






4. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






5. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






6. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






7. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






8. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






9. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






10. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






11. Possessing both male and female qualities






12. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






13. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


14. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






15. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






16. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






17. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






18. Studied Type A personality






19. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






20. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






21. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






22. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






23. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






24. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






25. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






26. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






27. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






28. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






29. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






30. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






31. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






32. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






33. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






34. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






35. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






36. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






37. Critical of personality trait theory






38. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






39. Personality changes little after age 30






40. Learned helplessness






41. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






42. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






43. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






44. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






45. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






46. Hierarchy of needs






47. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






48. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






49. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






50. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience