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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Type theory
3 personality theories
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
2. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Personality tests (2 types)
Big Five
Alice Eagly
3. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Taxonomies
Implicit theories (personality)
trait
Julian Rotter
4. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Lexical approach
trait
Self-awareness
Mirrors
5. Learned helplessness
Raymond Cattell
3 personality theories
Martin Seligman
Matina Horner
6. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-awareness
Lexical approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
7. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Bem Sex Role Inventory
interactionists
Internal locus of control
Stimulus-seeking individuals
8. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Abraham Maslow
Learned optimism
Narcissism
9. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
dispositionist
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Gender and depression
10. Hierarchy of needs
Learned optimism
Narcissism
Abraham Maslow
Mirrors
11. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Personality tests (2 types)
Internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Gender and depression
12. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Mirrors
Twin studies
3 personality theories
Internal locus of control
13. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
Type theory
Self-consciousness
14. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Authoritarianism
Idiographic approach
trait
Cognitive prototype approach
15. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gender and depression
Raymond Cattell
Consistency paradox
16. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Self-handicapping
Self-monitoring
Henry Murray
Fundamental attribution error
17. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Seymour Epstein
Gender and depression
Nomothetic approach
Internal locus of control
18. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Phrenology
Matina Horner
Barnum effect
trait
19. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Ectomorph
Narcissism
Fundamental attribution error
20. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Trait hierarchy
Self-efficacy
Sandra Bem
21. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Mirrors
Taxonomies
Henry Murray
Self-esteem
22. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-consciousness
Androgynous
23. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
dispositionist
Taxonomies
Julian Rotter
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
24. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Implicit theories (personality)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
25. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality tests (2 types)
Twin studies
Taxonomies
Personality
26. Critical of personality trait theory
Mesomorph
Gender and depression
Seymour Epstein
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
27. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
George Kelley
Alice Eagly
Henry Murray
Personality tests (2 types)
28. Have a great need for arousal
Self-awareness
Self-efficacy
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Mesomorph
29. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Authoritarianism
Endomorph
Costa and McCrae
Phenomenological view (personality)
30. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
William Sheldon
Barnum effect
Type theory
Dispositional attribution
31. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
3 personality theories
Lexical approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
dispositionist
32. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Lexical approach
Grant Dahlstrom
Implicit theories (personality)
Matina Horner
33. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Lexical approach
Proprium or propriate function
George Kelley
Phrenology
34. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Endomorph
Type A personality
Big Five
Mirrors
35. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gordon Allport
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Idiographic approach
36. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
3 personality theories
Authoritarianism
Grant Dahlstrom
37. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Endomorph
Proprium or propriate function
Fundamental attribution error
38. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Taxonomies
Learned helplessness
Gender and depression
39. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Self-consciousness
Hans Eysenck
Alice Eagly
40. External and internal locus of control
Authoritarianism
Phrenology
Trait hierarchy
Julian Rotter
41. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Trait hierarchy
Gordon Allport
interactionists
42. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Grant Dahlstrom
Phrenology
Implicit theories (personality)
Phenomenological view (personality)
43. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Dispositional attribution
Mesomorph
dispositionist
Internal locus of control
44. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Dispositional attribution
trait
George Kelley
Ectomorph
45. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Raymond Cattell
Fundamental attribution error
Big Five
46. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
situationists
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
William Sheldon
47. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Consistency paradox
Grant Dahlstrom
Abraham Maslow
48. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Internal locus of control
Self-monitoring
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
49. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
Gordon Allport
Fundamental attribution error
Narcissism
50. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Seymour Epstein
Type A personality
Nomothetic approach
Henry Murray