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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studied Type A personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-consciousness
Costa and McCrae
Mesomorph
2. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Raymond Cattell
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Personality
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
3. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Kay Deaux
Henry Murray
Gender and depression
Personality tests (2 types)
4. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Learned helplessness
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Fundamental attribution error
5. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Julian Rotter
Matina Horner
Consistency paradox
Internal locus of control
6. Have a great need for arousal
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Fundamental attribution error
Self-consciousness
7. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Trait hierarchy
Endomorph
Big Five
Lexical approach
8. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Hans Eysenck
Fundamental attribution error
interactionists
Julian Rotter
9. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Mirrors
George Kelley
Barnum effect
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
10. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
3 personality theories
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Internal locus of control
11. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
12. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Grant Dahlstrom
Phenomenological view (personality)
Mesomorph
personal constructs
13. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
dispositionist
Twin studies
14. Only circumstances determine behavior
Alice Eagly
Mirrors
Abraham Maslow
situationists
15. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Martin Seligman
George Kelley
Gordon Allport
Fundamental attribution error
16. Cognitive prototype approach
Lexical approach
Androgynous
Henry Murray
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Martin Seligman
personal constructs
Seymour Epstein
18. Personality changes little after age 30
Nomothetic approach
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Androgynous
Costa and McCrae
19. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Androgynous
Learned helplessness
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Seymour Epstein
20. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Raymond Cattell
Martin Seligman
trait
21. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Hans Eysenck
interactionists
Androgynous
Twin studies
22. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-monitoring
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-consciousness
Idiographic approach
23. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Phenomenological view (personality)
situationists
Dispositional attribution
Barnum effect
24. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Self-monitoring
Mirrors
Proprium or propriate function
25. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Self-efficacy
Self-monitoring
External locus of control
Ectomorph
26. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Abraham Maslow
Narcissism
Raymond Cattell
Grant Dahlstrom
27. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Lexical approach
Implicit theories (personality)
Julian Rotter
Idiographic approach
28. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Matina Horner
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Proprium or propriate function
Gordon Allport
29. Possessing both male and female qualities
Self-handicapping
Personality tests (2 types)
Implicit theories (personality)
Androgynous
30. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
Henry Murray
Self-monitoring
trait
31. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Mesomorph
George Kelley
Lexical approach
32. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
dispositionist
Seymour Epstein
Internal locus of control
33. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Idiographic approach
situationists
34. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Raymond Cattell
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Type A personality
35. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Raymond Cattell
Self-awareness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
36. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Phrenology
Androgynous
Fundamental attribution error
Sandra Bem
37. Somatotypes personality theory
Kay Deaux
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
William Sheldon
Nomothetic approach
38. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
interactionists
Personality tests (2 types)
Narcissism
Big Five
39. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Cognitive prototype approach
Implicit theories (personality)
Alice Eagly
Internal locus of control
40. External and internal locus of control
Trait hierarchy
Endomorph
Julian Rotter
interactionists
41. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Matina Horner
Androgynous
Learned optimism
42. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
dispositionist
3 personality theories
Learned optimism
Stimulus-seeking individuals
43. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Seymour Epstein
George Kelley
personal constructs
Idiographic approach
44. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Martin Seligman
trait
interactionists
Proprium or propriate function
45. Critical of personality trait theory
Seymour Epstein
Proprium or propriate function
Endomorph
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
46. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
William Sheldon
Self-monitoring
Self-awareness
Implicit theories (personality)
47. Hierarchy of needs
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Seymour Epstein
Gender and depression
Abraham Maslow
48. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Narcissism
William Sheldon
Mesomorph
Consistency paradox
49. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Barnum effect
Self-monitoring
Type theory
Kay Deaux
50. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Fundamental attribution error
dispositionist
personal constructs