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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






2. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






3. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


4. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






5. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






6. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






7. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






8. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






9. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






10. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






11. Personality changes little after age 30






12. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






13. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






14. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






15. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






16. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






17. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






18. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






19. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






20. External and internal locus of control






21. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






22. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






23. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






24. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






25. Hierarchy of needs






26. Studied Type A personality






27. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






28. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






29. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






30. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






31. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






32. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






33. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






34. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






35. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






36. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






37. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






38. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






39. Possessing both male and female qualities






40. Cognitive prototype approach






41. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






42. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






43. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






44. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






45. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






46. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






47. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






48. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






49. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






50. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire