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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Only circumstances determine behavior
Cognitive prototype approach
situationists
Fundamental attribution error
Self-awareness
2. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
personal constructs
Ectomorph
Gender and depression
Hans Eysenck
3. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Kay Deaux
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Consistency paradox
4. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Self-efficacy
Personality
Trait hierarchy
Julian Rotter
5. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Authoritarianism
Learned helplessness
Raymond Cattell
Sandra Bem
6. Studied Type A personality
Implicit theories (personality)
Internal locus of control
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Mesomorph
7. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Mesomorph
Self-awareness
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Type A personality
8. Personality changes little after age 30
William Sheldon
Costa and McCrae
Matina Horner
Type A personality
9. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Androgynous
Phrenology
trait
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
10. Somatotypes personality theory
Taxonomies
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Abraham Maslow
William Sheldon
11. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Idiographic approach
Endomorph
Hans Eysenck
12. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Martin Seligman
Personality
trait
Grant Dahlstrom
13. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Costa and McCrae
Abraham Maslow
dispositionist
Hans Eysenck
14. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Raymond Cattell
Mirrors
Twin studies
15. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
External locus of control
Mirrors
16. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Matina Horner
Self-esteem
Personality
17. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
interactionists
Androgynous
personal constructs
18. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Androgynous
Idiographic approach
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
George Kelley
19. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Seymour Epstein
Big Five
Personality tests (2 types)
Phenomenological view (personality)
20. Possessing both male and female qualities
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Fundamental attribution error
Gordon Allport
Androgynous
21. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
interactionists
Martin Seligman
Kay Deaux
22. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Matina Horner
Barnum effect
Learned optimism
Alice Eagly
23. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
24. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Taxonomies
Self-monitoring
William Sheldon
25. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Idiographic approach
Seymour Epstein
26. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Matina Horner
Endomorph
Twin studies
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
27. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Trait hierarchy
28. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Raymond Cattell
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Trait hierarchy
29. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
situationists
Personality tests (2 types)
Cognitive prototype approach
30. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Ectomorph
Matina Horner
Barnum effect
Sandra Bem
31. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Narcissism
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Barnum effect
Personality tests (2 types)
32. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Lexical approach
Matina Horner
33. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
Self-efficacy
Endomorph
Kay Deaux
34. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Learned optimism
Phenomenological view (personality)
Authoritarianism
Gordon Allport
35. Hierarchy of needs
Henry Murray
Abraham Maslow
Barnum effect
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
36. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
trait
George Kelley
Cognitive prototype approach
Self-handicapping
37. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Seymour Epstein
Dispositional attribution
personal constructs
situationists
38. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Hans Eysenck
trait
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
39. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Julian Rotter
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Martin Seligman
Henry Murray
40. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Implicit theories (personality)
Twin studies
External locus of control
Fundamental attribution error
41. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Self-monitoring
Hans Eysenck
Mirrors
Gender and depression
42. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Taxonomies
Implicit theories (personality)
3 personality theories
dispositionist
43. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Learned optimism
Personality tests (2 types)
Gender and depression
Internal locus of control
44. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Idiographic approach
Learned helplessness
45. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Self-consciousness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Ectomorph
Grant Dahlstrom
46. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Self-monitoring
Costa and McCrae
Henry Murray
3 personality theories
47. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-monitoring
Costa and McCrae
Sandra Bem
48. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Self-monitoring
Mirrors
dispositionist
Internal locus of control
49. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Gender and depression
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Dispositional attribution
Gordon Allport
50. External and internal locus of control
Raymond Cattell
Personality
Julian Rotter
Gordon Allport