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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






2. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






3. Only circumstances determine behavior






4. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






5. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






6. Studied Type A personality






7. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






8. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






9. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






10. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






11. Possessing both male and female qualities






12. Have a great need for arousal






13. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






14. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






15. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






16. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






17. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






18. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






19. Hierarchy of needs






20. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






21. External and internal locus of control






22. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






23. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






24. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






25. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






26. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






27. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






28. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






29. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






30. Cognitive prototype approach






31. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






32. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






33. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






34. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






35. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






37. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






38. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






39. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






40. Critical of personality trait theory






41. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






42. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






43. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






44. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






45. Personality changes little after age 30






46. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






47. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






48. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






49. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






50. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems