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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






2. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






3. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






4. Learned helplessness






5. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






6. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






7. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






8. Have a great need for arousal






9. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






10. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






11. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






12. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






13. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






14. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






15. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






16. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






18. External and internal locus of control






19. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






20. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






21. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






22. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






23. Critical of personality trait theory






24. Studied Type A personality






25. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






26. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






27. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






28. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






29. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






30. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






31. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






32. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






33. Somatotypes personality theory






34. Hierarchy of needs






35. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






36. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






37. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






38. Cognitive prototype approach






39. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






40. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






41. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






42. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






43. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






44. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






45. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






46. Only circumstances determine behavior






47. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






48. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






49. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






50. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men