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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Type theory
Trait hierarchy
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Raymond Cattell
2. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Alice Eagly
Implicit theories (personality)
External locus of control
3. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Nomothetic approach
Barnum effect
Dispositional attribution
situationists
4. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
5. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Mesomorph
Henry Murray
Self-handicapping
Big Five
6. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
George Kelley
Consistency paradox
Self-consciousness
7. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Learned helplessness
Self-esteem
Phrenology
3 personality theories
8. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Hans Eysenck
Authoritarianism
Stimulus-seeking individuals
9. Somatotypes personality theory
Henry Murray
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Phrenology
William Sheldon
10. Critical of personality trait theory
Seymour Epstein
Personality tests (2 types)
Type A personality
Grant Dahlstrom
11. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Self-consciousness
Internal locus of control
Learned optimism
Big Five
12. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Proprium or propriate function
Mesomorph
Learned optimism
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
13. Personality changes little after age 30
Julian Rotter
Self-awareness
Kay Deaux
Costa and McCrae
14. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Self-consciousness
Phrenology
Dispositional attribution
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
15. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
dispositionist
Gordon Allport
Taxonomies
Consistency paradox
16. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Mirrors
Alice Eagly
Learned helplessness
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
17. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-esteem
Androgynous
18. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Martin Seligman
Proprium or propriate function
Type A personality
situationists
19. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
George Kelley
interactionists
20. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
trait
Alice Eagly
Ectomorph
Androgynous
21. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Type A personality
Hans Eysenck
Consistency paradox
Mesomorph
22. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Proprium or propriate function
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
interactionists
Stimulus-seeking individuals
23. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Raymond Cattell
Consistency paradox
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Kay Deaux
24. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
personal constructs
3 personality theories
Authoritarianism
Big Five
25. Learned helplessness
Fundamental attribution error
Martin Seligman
Julian Rotter
Abraham Maslow
26. External and internal locus of control
Matina Horner
Internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
interactionists
27. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Alice Eagly
3 personality theories
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
28. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Self-awareness
George Kelley
Self-consciousness
29. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Nomothetic approach
Julian Rotter
3 personality theories
30. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Lexical approach
Idiographic approach
Julian Rotter
31. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
William Sheldon
Twin studies
Proprium or propriate function
32. Only circumstances determine behavior
situationists
Twin studies
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Idiographic approach
33. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Consistency paradox
Mesomorph
Self-consciousness
34. Have a great need for arousal
Proprium or propriate function
Bem Sex Role Inventory
External locus of control
Stimulus-seeking individuals
35. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Consistency paradox
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-esteem
36. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
Authoritarianism
Mirrors
Gender and depression
37. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Gordon Allport
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Phrenology
dispositionist
38. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Trait hierarchy
Nomothetic approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Lexical approach
39. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Proprium or propriate function
Kay Deaux
personal constructs
Costa and McCrae
40. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
External locus of control
Matina Horner
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Idiographic approach
41. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Taxonomies
Barnum effect
Nomothetic approach
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
42. Cognitive prototype approach
Trait hierarchy
Lexical approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alice Eagly
43. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Phrenology
Phenomenological view (personality)
3 personality theories
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
44. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Martin Seligman
Gordon Allport
Endomorph
45. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Narcissism
Raymond Cattell
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
46. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Martin Seligman
Trait hierarchy
Personality
Gordon Allport
47. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
interactionists
Self-awareness
Proprium or propriate function
Idiographic approach
48. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
External locus of control
Raymond Cattell
Mirrors
49. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Personality
William Sheldon
Learned helplessness
interactionists
50. Studied Type A personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Lexical approach
Learned helplessness
Mirrors