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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






2. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






3. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






4. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






5. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






6. Personality changes little after age 30






7. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






8. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






9. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






10. Somatotypes personality theory






11. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






12. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






13. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






14. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






15. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






16. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






17. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






18. Have a great need for arousal






19. Learned helplessness






20. Studied Type A personality






21. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






22. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






23. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






24. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






25. Cognitive prototype approach






26. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






27. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






28. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






29. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






30. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






31. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






32. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






33. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






34. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






35. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






37. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






38. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






39. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






40. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






41. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






42. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






43. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






44. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






45. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






46. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






47. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






48. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






49. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






50. Hierarchy of needs