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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






2. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






3. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






4. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






5. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






6. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






7. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






8. Learned helplessness






9. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






10. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






11. Only circumstances determine behavior






12. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






13. Personality changes little after age 30






14. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


15. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






16. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






17. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






18. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






19. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






20. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






21. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






22. External and internal locus of control






23. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






24. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






25. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






26. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






27. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






28. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






29. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






30. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






31. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






32. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






33. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






34. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






35. Critical of personality trait theory






36. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






37. Possessing both male and female qualities






38. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






39. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






40. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






41. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






42. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






43. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






44. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






45. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






46. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






47. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






48. Cognitive prototype approach






49. Have a great need for arousal






50. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social