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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hierarchy of needs
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Abraham Maslow
Personality
2. Only circumstances determine behavior
situationists
Gender and depression
Matina Horner
Type theory
3. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
External locus of control
3 personality theories
Endomorph
Self-esteem
4. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Mirrors
George Kelley
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
5. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
dispositionist
Self-efficacy
Seymour Epstein
6. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Barnum effect
Learned helplessness
Internal locus of control
Proprium or propriate function
7. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
George Kelley
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Trait hierarchy
8. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Learned helplessness
Kay Deaux
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
9. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Martin Seligman
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Sandra Bem
Hans Eysenck
10. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Abraham Maslow
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Narcissism
Dispositional attribution
11. Cognitive prototype approach
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gordon Allport
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Cognitive prototype approach
12. Have a great need for arousal
Personality tests (2 types)
Narcissism
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Gordon Allport
13. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
dispositionist
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Endomorph
14. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Authoritarianism
Learned optimism
Lexical approach
External locus of control
15. Studied Type A personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-consciousness
16. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Self-awareness
Personality tests (2 types)
Implicit theories (personality)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
17. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Gender and depression
Raymond Cattell
Abraham Maslow
Barnum effect
18. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Endomorph
Julian Rotter
3 personality theories
Personality tests (2 types)
19. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Ectomorph
Cognitive prototype approach
Abraham Maslow
Type A personality
20. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Implicit theories (personality)
Personality tests (2 types)
Dispositional attribution
21. Somatotypes personality theory
Endomorph
Authoritarianism
Consistency paradox
William Sheldon
22. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Self-handicapping
Costa and McCrae
Grant Dahlstrom
Lexical approach
23. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
situationists
Costa and McCrae
Endomorph
24. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
personal constructs
Self-esteem
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
25. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Self-monitoring
Authoritarianism
Cognitive prototype approach
26. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Fundamental attribution error
Self-efficacy
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
27. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Narcissism
3 personality theories
Mesomorph
Grant Dahlstrom
28. Learned helplessness
Martin Seligman
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Gender and depression
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
29. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
Personality tests (2 types)
Trait hierarchy
Type A personality
30. Critical of personality trait theory
Seymour Epstein
Grant Dahlstrom
Dispositional attribution
Self-awareness
31. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
situationists
Personality tests (2 types)
Hans Eysenck
Type theory
32. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Barnum effect
Self-handicapping
William Sheldon
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
33. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Self-monitoring
Hans Eysenck
Seymour Epstein
Julian Rotter
34. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Dispositional attribution
interactionists
Phenomenological view (personality)
35. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Hans Eysenck
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
personal constructs
William Sheldon
36. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Henry Murray
Self-handicapping
George Kelley
Seymour Epstein
37. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Gordon Allport
Barnum effect
Ectomorph
Martin Seligman
38. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Dispositional attribution
Barnum effect
39. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Androgynous
Martin Seligman
Implicit theories (personality)
40. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Lexical approach
Internal locus of control
Learned optimism
Hans Eysenck
41. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Mirrors
William Sheldon
Hans Eysenck
Twin studies
42. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
43. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Barnum effect
Fundamental attribution error
personal constructs
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
44. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Idiographic approach
Self-monitoring
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Sandra Bem
45. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Henry Murray
Kay Deaux
Phenomenological view (personality)
Endomorph
46. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Gordon Allport
Taxonomies
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Grant Dahlstrom
47. Personality changes little after age 30
Learned optimism
Costa and McCrae
Twin studies
Hans Eysenck
48. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-consciousness
situationists
Phrenology
Henry Murray
49. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
interactionists
Personality tests (2 types)
Learned optimism
50. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Lexical approach
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Mesomorph
dispositionist