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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






2. Critical of personality trait theory






3. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






4. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






5. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






6. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






7. Only circumstances determine behavior






8. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






9. Studied Type A personality






10. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






11. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






12. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






13. Learned helplessness






14. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






15. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






17. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






18. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






19. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






20. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






21. Have a great need for arousal






22. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






23. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






24. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






25. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






26. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






27. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






28. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






29. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






30. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






31. Personality changes little after age 30






32. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






33. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






34. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






36. Hierarchy of needs






37. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


38. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






39. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






40. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






41. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






42. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






43. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






44. Somatotypes personality theory






45. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






46. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






47. Cognitive prototype approach






48. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






49. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






50. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine