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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






2. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






3. External and internal locus of control






4. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






5. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






6. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






7. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






8. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






9. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






10. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






11. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






12. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






13. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






14. Critical of personality trait theory






15. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






16. Studied Type A personality






17. Only circumstances determine behavior






18. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






19. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






20. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






21. Personality changes little after age 30






22. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






23. Possessing both male and female qualities






24. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






25. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






26. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






27. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






28. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






29. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






30. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






31. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






32. Hierarchy of needs






33. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






34. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






35. Cognitive prototype approach






36. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






37. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






38. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






39. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






40. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






41. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






42. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






43. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






44. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






45. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






46. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






47. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






48. Have a great need for arousal






49. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






50. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph