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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Raymond Cattell
Learned helplessness
Idiographic approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
2. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Idiographic approach
Internal locus of control
Androgynous
Self-efficacy
3. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Cognitive prototype approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
interactionists
Personality tests (2 types)
4. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Kay Deaux
personal constructs
Mirrors
Henry Murray
5. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Gordon Allport
Internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Mirrors
6. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Androgynous
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Fundamental attribution error
Matina Horner
7. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
trait
Martin Seligman
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Authoritarianism
8. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Lexical approach
interactionists
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
9. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
trait
Sandra Bem
Narcissism
Idiographic approach
10. Have a great need for arousal
Barnum effect
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-monitoring
Henry Murray
11. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Consistency paradox
William Sheldon
Kay Deaux
12. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Personality
Mirrors
Gender and depression
Ectomorph
13. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
dispositionist
Self-consciousness
Nomothetic approach
Type A personality
14. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Barnum effect
Lexical approach
Hans Eysenck
Self-consciousness
15. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Hans Eysenck
Gordon Allport
16. Cognitive prototype approach
Type theory
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Martin Seligman
Henry Murray
17. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Taxonomies
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Trait hierarchy
Phrenology
18. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Type A personality
Grant Dahlstrom
19. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Ectomorph
Gender and depression
Idiographic approach
interactionists
20. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Kay Deaux
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
interactionists
Internal locus of control
21. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Phenomenological view (personality)
Raymond Cattell
Self-esteem
Trait hierarchy
22. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Implicit theories (personality)
Kay Deaux
Grant Dahlstrom
Learned helplessness
23. Somatotypes personality theory
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Gordon Allport
William Sheldon
24. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Implicit theories (personality)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
trait
Type theory
25. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Personality tests (2 types)
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-awareness
26. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Proprium or propriate function
Twin studies
Costa and McCrae
3 personality theories
27. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Phenomenological view (personality)
Authoritarianism
Raymond Cattell
Internal locus of control
28. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Nomothetic approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
29. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Type theory
Authoritarianism
Consistency paradox
30. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Self-monitoring
External locus of control
Type A personality
Taxonomies
31. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Trait hierarchy
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Internal locus of control
Matina Horner
32. Hierarchy of needs
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Abraham Maslow
personal constructs
33. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-monitoring
Kay Deaux
trait
34. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Fundamental attribution error
George Kelley
Self-handicapping
Personality tests (2 types)
35. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Self-handicapping
personal constructs
3 personality theories
36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Proprium or propriate function
Self-efficacy
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Big Five
37. Learned helplessness
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Martin Seligman
interactionists
Costa and McCrae
38. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Hans Eysenck
Endomorph
Raymond Cattell
39. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Idiographic approach
Internal locus of control
Authoritarianism
Self-awareness
40. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Consistency paradox
interactionists
Gender and depression
Narcissism
41. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
3 personality theories
Self-efficacy
Barnum effect
Hans Eysenck
42. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Mesomorph
Type theory
Cognitive prototype approach
Dispositional attribution
43. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
trait
Personality
Taxonomies
44. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Abraham Maslow
Henry Murray
Cognitive prototype approach
Alice Eagly
45. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Androgynous
Taxonomies
Henry Murray
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
46. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
situationists
Endomorph
47. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Internal locus of control
Seymour Epstein
Endomorph
48. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Big Five
Gordon Allport
Dispositional attribution
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
49. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Proprium or propriate function
Phenomenological view (personality)
Idiographic approach
50. Only circumstances determine behavior
Grant Dahlstrom
George Kelley
Personality tests (2 types)
situationists