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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Critical of personality trait theory
3 personality theories
Trait hierarchy
External locus of control
Seymour Epstein
2. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Androgynous
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
3. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
George Kelley
Ectomorph
Personality
Proprium or propriate function
4. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Hans Eysenck
Lexical approach
Androgynous
Narcissism
5. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Endomorph
Mirrors
3 personality theories
Big Five
6. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Big Five
Consistency paradox
7. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Idiographic approach
Self-awareness
Grant Dahlstrom
Gordon Allport
8. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-consciousness
Kay Deaux
Self-handicapping
Abraham Maslow
9. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
dispositionist
Idiographic approach
Type theory
William Sheldon
10. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Type A personality
Mirrors
Consistency paradox
Fundamental attribution error
11. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Abraham Maslow
Proprium or propriate function
situationists
12. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-esteem
Lexical approach
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Learned helplessness
13. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Self-efficacy
Phrenology
Dispositional attribution
Personality tests (2 types)
14. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Lexical approach
George Kelley
Type A personality
15. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Endomorph
Trait hierarchy
George Kelley
Hans Eysenck
16. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
3 personality theories
George Kelley
Grant Dahlstrom
17. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
William Sheldon
Trait hierarchy
Self-handicapping
Authoritarianism
18. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Seymour Epstein
Self-consciousness
Phrenology
Androgynous
19. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Matina Horner
Endomorph
Personality
3 personality theories
20. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Self-monitoring
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Consistency paradox
21. Hierarchy of needs
Proprium or propriate function
Abraham Maslow
Ectomorph
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
22. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Androgynous
Learned optimism
Self-awareness
Hans Eysenck
23. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Implicit theories (personality)
Hans Eysenck
Costa and McCrae
Phenomenological view (personality)
24. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Type A personality
Mirrors
Self-esteem
25. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
3 personality theories
Gender and depression
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Narcissism
26. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Self-esteem
Henry Murray
Implicit theories (personality)
Julian Rotter
27. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Ectomorph
Barnum effect
Hans Eysenck
Self-handicapping
28. Possessing both male and female qualities
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Androgynous
Grant Dahlstrom
situationists
29. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Mesomorph
Personality
William Sheldon
30. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Androgynous
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
3 personality theories
31. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
Twin studies
Mirrors
Stimulus-seeking individuals
32. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Consistency paradox
Gordon Allport
Mesomorph
Abraham Maslow
33. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Cognitive prototype approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Trait hierarchy
Phrenology
34. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Proprium or propriate function
Self-awareness
Sandra Bem
Dispositional attribution
35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Matina Horner
Gender and depression
Mirrors
External locus of control
36. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
interactionists
trait
Gordon Allport
37. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
Gender and depression
Learned helplessness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
38. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Proprium or propriate function
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
39. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Matina Horner
Abraham Maslow
Phrenology
Barnum effect
40. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Gender and depression
Gordon Allport
Idiographic approach
Julian Rotter
41. External and internal locus of control
Matina Horner
Julian Rotter
Big Five
Bem Sex Role Inventory
42. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Twin studies
Sandra Bem
personal constructs
Implicit theories (personality)
43. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
Kay Deaux
Taxonomies
Proprium or propriate function
44. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Grant Dahlstrom
Big Five
Mirrors
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
45. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Hans Eysenck
Kay Deaux
Twin studies
Internal locus of control
46. Learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Type A personality
Androgynous
Martin Seligman
47. Personality changes little after age 30
Consistency paradox
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
48. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Self-esteem
trait
Gordon Allport
Personality
49. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Learned helplessness
Self-handicapping
Proprium or propriate function
50. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Seymour Epstein
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Consistency paradox
Lexical approach