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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






2. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






3. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






4. Critical of personality trait theory






5. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






6. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






7. Cognitive prototype approach






8. Learned helplessness






9. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






10. Have a great need for arousal






11. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






12. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






13. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






14. Only circumstances determine behavior






15. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






16. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






17. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






18. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






19. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






20. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






21. Personality changes little after age 30






22. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






23. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






24. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






25. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






26. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






27. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






28. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






29. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






30. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






31. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






32. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






33. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






34. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






35. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






36. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






37. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






38. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






39. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






40. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






41. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






42. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






43. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






44. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






45. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






46. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






47. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






48. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






49. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






50. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics