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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






2. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






3. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






4. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






5. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


6. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






7. Learned helplessness






8. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






9. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






10. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






11. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






12. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






13. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






14. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






15. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






16. Studied Type A personality






17. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






18. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






19. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






20. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






21. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






22. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






23. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






24. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






25. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






26. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






27. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






28. Cognitive prototype approach






29. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






30. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






31. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






32. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






33. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






34. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






35. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






36. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






37. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






38. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






39. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






40. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






41. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






42. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






43. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






44. Critical of personality trait theory






45. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






46. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






47. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






48. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






49. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






50. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem