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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






2. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






3. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






4. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






5. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






6. Personality changes little after age 30






7. Cognitive prototype approach






8. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






9. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






10. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






11. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






12. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






13. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






14. External and internal locus of control






15. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






16. Possessing both male and female qualities






17. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






18. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






19. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






20. Studied Type A personality






21. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






22. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






23. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






24. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






25. Learned helplessness






26. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






27. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






28. Only circumstances determine behavior






29. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






30. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






31. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






32. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






33. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






34. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






35. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






36. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






37. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






38. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






39. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






40. Critical of personality trait theory






41. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






42. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






43. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






44. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






45. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






46. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






47. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






48. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






49. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






50. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings