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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Fundamental attribution error
Hans Eysenck
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Barnum effect
2. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Lexical approach
George Kelley
Self-efficacy
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
4. Possessing both male and female qualities
Raymond Cattell
Androgynous
Personality tests (2 types)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
5. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Dispositional attribution
Sandra Bem
Mesomorph
situationists
6. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Grant Dahlstrom
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Bem Sex Role Inventory
7. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
situationists
Grant Dahlstrom
Type A personality
8. Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Self-esteem
interactionists
Self-handicapping
9. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Nomothetic approach
Androgynous
Idiographic approach
Dispositional attribution
10. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Fundamental attribution error
Phrenology
Type A personality
Implicit theories (personality)
11. Cognitive prototype approach
Self-monitoring
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
dispositionist
Type theory
12. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Cognitive prototype approach
Proprium or propriate function
Self-efficacy
Phenomenological view (personality)
13. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Alice Eagly
Dispositional attribution
Fundamental attribution error
Costa and McCrae
14. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Idiographic approach
interactionists
Lexical approach
15. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Fundamental attribution error
Personality
16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Hans Eysenck
Self-consciousness
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Kay Deaux
17. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-handicapping
Self-awareness
Lexical approach
18. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Gender and depression
Kay Deaux
Consistency paradox
Alice Eagly
19. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Sandra Bem
Barnum effect
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
20. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
interactionists
Gordon Allport
Learned helplessness
Mirrors
21. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Ectomorph
interactionists
William Sheldon
Idiographic approach
22. Only circumstances determine behavior
Self-handicapping
Endomorph
situationists
Learned helplessness
23. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Big Five
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Nomothetic approach
External locus of control
24. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Authoritarianism
Self-handicapping
trait
Gordon Allport
25. Personality changes little after age 30
Type theory
Costa and McCrae
Phrenology
Personality tests (2 types)
26. Learned helplessness
Alice Eagly
Martin Seligman
Self-monitoring
Personality
27. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Seymour Epstein
Self-monitoring
Self-esteem
Trait hierarchy
28. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Idiographic approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Lexical approach
Proprium or propriate function
29. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
interactionists
Martin Seligman
Sandra Bem
Proprium or propriate function
30. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Trait hierarchy
Twin studies
Phrenology
Costa and McCrae
31. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Trait hierarchy
Seymour Epstein
Twin studies
32. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Self-monitoring
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Consistency paradox
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
33. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
interactionists
personal constructs
External locus of control
34. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Learned optimism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
35. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Personality tests (2 types)
Self-handicapping
Learned optimism
Taxonomies
36. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Ectomorph
Self-esteem
37. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Self-handicapping
Endomorph
Proprium or propriate function
Self-awareness
38. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Sandra Bem
Dispositional attribution
Self-consciousness
Consistency paradox
39. Critical of personality trait theory
Internal locus of control
Fundamental attribution error
Seymour Epstein
Ectomorph
40. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Cognitive prototype approach
Androgynous
Bem Sex Role Inventory
41. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Phenomenological view (personality)
Authoritarianism
Seymour Epstein
42. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Henry Murray
Mesomorph
Self-efficacy
External locus of control
43. Have a great need for arousal
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
Stimulus-seeking individuals
William Sheldon
44. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Nomothetic approach
Mirrors
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Trait hierarchy
45. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Phrenology
Personality tests (2 types)
3 personality theories
Barnum effect
46. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Barnum effect
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Alice Eagly
Narcissism
47. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
Ectomorph
personal constructs
George Kelley
48. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Grant Dahlstrom
Learned helplessness
49. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Big Five
Twin studies
Gordon Allport
50. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Ectomorph
3 personality theories
interactionists