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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
personal constructs
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
2. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
3. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-esteem
Personality
4. Hierarchy of needs
personal constructs
situationists
Type A personality
Abraham Maslow
5. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Type A personality
Matina Horner
Sandra Bem
Self-efficacy
6. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Mirrors
3 personality theories
Barnum effect
Henry Murray
7. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Idiographic approach
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Learned helplessness
Hans Eysenck
8. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Self-awareness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Kay Deaux
9. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Learned helplessness
Self-monitoring
External locus of control
trait
10. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Costa and McCrae
Alice Eagly
Gordon Allport
Personality
11. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Costa and McCrae
Idiographic approach
Ectomorph
12. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Twin studies
Learned optimism
Abraham Maslow
dispositionist
13. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Matina Horner
Raymond Cattell
dispositionist
14. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Ectomorph
Gender and depression
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Fundamental attribution error
15. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Idiographic approach
Authoritarianism
Phenomenological view (personality)
Julian Rotter
16. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Grant Dahlstrom
Personality tests (2 types)
trait
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
17. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
3 personality theories
Proprium or propriate function
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Type theory
18. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Self-handicapping
Barnum effect
Seymour Epstein
19. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Julian Rotter
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-monitoring
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
20. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Mirrors
Androgynous
Phrenology
Fundamental attribution error
21. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Henry Murray
Mesomorph
Self-consciousness
Ectomorph
22. Only circumstances determine behavior
interactionists
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
situationists
23. Possessing both male and female qualities
Self-efficacy
Consistency paradox
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Androgynous
24. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Type theory
Implicit theories (personality)
Barnum effect
Learned helplessness
25. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Lexical approach
Taxonomies
Narcissism
26. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Personality
Kay Deaux
Martin Seligman
Lexical approach
27. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Abraham Maslow
Consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein
Kay Deaux
28. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Costa and McCrae
Gender and depression
Phenomenological view (personality)
Proprium or propriate function
29. Studied Type A personality
Barnum effect
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Matina Horner
Ectomorph
30. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Personality
Cognitive prototype approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
31. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
dispositionist
George Kelley
Kay Deaux
32. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Implicit theories (personality)
Raymond Cattell
External locus of control
Gender and depression
33. Critical of personality trait theory
Implicit theories (personality)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Seymour Epstein
situationists
34. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Self-consciousness
Gordon Allport
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-monitoring
35. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Raymond Cattell
Idiographic approach
Abraham Maslow
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
36. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Nomothetic approach
Big Five
Gordon Allport
Julian Rotter
37. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Sandra Bem
Dispositional attribution
Kay Deaux
Implicit theories (personality)
38. Cognitive prototype approach
Grant Dahlstrom
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Personality tests (2 types)
Learned helplessness
39. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Personality
dispositionist
Dispositional attribution
Cognitive prototype approach
40. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Lexical approach
interactionists
Barnum effect
Self-monitoring
41. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Martin Seligman
Trait hierarchy
Self-awareness
Androgynous
42. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Trait hierarchy
Learned helplessness
Consistency paradox
Sandra Bem
43. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Endomorph
Twin studies
Self-monitoring
Learned helplessness
44. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Idiographic approach
Self-consciousness
Henry Murray
Personality
45. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Implicit theories (personality)
Taxonomies
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
46. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Stimulus-seeking individuals
interactionists
Barnum effect
Type A personality
47. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
dispositionist
Dispositional attribution
interactionists
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
48. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
3 personality theories
Mirrors
personal constructs
49. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
dispositionist
Alice Eagly
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
50. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Self-handicapping
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-esteem
Cognitive prototype approach