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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






2. Only circumstances determine behavior






3. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






4. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






5. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






6. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






7. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






8. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






9. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






10. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






11. Learned helplessness






12. Somatotypes personality theory






13. Personality changes little after age 30






14. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






15. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






16. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






17. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






18. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






19. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






20. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


21. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






22. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






23. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






24. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






25. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






26. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






27. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






28. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






29. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






30. Hierarchy of needs






31. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






32. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






33. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






34. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






35. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






36. Studied Type A personality






37. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






38. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






39. Possessing both male and female qualities






40. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






41. Cognitive prototype approach






42. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






43. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






44. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






45. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






46. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






47. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






48. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






49. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






50. Cognitive training against learned helplessness