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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cognitive prototype approach






2. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






3. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






4. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






5. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






6. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






7. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






8. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






9. External and internal locus of control






10. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






11. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






12. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






13. Have a great need for arousal






14. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






15. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






16. Critical of personality trait theory






17. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






18. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






19. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






20. Somatotypes personality theory






21. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






22. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






23. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






24. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






25. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






26. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






27. Personality changes little after age 30






28. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






29. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






30. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






31. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






32. Hierarchy of needs






33. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






34. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






35. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






36. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






37. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






38. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






39. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






40. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


41. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






42. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






43. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






44. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






45. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






46. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






47. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






48. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






49. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






50. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences