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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






2. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






4. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






5. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






6. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






7. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






8. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






9. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






10. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






11. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


12. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






13. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






14. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






15. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






16. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






17. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






18. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






19. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






20. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






21. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






22. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






23. Studied Type A personality






24. Have a great need for arousal






25. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






26. Somatotypes personality theory






27. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






28. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






29. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






30. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






31. External and internal locus of control






32. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






33. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






34. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






35. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






36. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






37. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






38. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






39. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






40. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






41. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






42. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






43. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






44. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






45. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






46. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






47. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






48. Hierarchy of needs






49. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






50. Cognitive prototype approach