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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


2. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






3. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






4. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






5. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






6. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






7. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






8. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






9. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






10. Learned helplessness






11. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






12. Only circumstances determine behavior






13. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






14. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






15. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






16. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






17. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






18. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






19. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






20. Hierarchy of needs






21. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






22. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






23. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






24. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






25. Somatotypes personality theory






26. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






27. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






28. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






29. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






30. Cognitive prototype approach






31. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






32. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






33. Have a great need for arousal






34. Critical of personality trait theory






35. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






36. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






37. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






38. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






39. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






40. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






41. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






42. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






43. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






44. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






45. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






46. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






47. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






48. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






49. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






50. External and internal locus of control