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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






2. Somatotypes personality theory






3. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






4. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






5. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






6. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






7. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






8. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






9. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






10. Studied Type A personality






11. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






12. Have a great need for arousal






13. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






14. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






15. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






16. Cognitive prototype approach






17. Only circumstances determine behavior






18. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






19. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






20. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






21. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


22. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






23. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






24. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






25. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






26. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






27. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






28. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






29. External and internal locus of control






30. Possessing both male and female qualities






31. Personality changes little after age 30






32. Hierarchy of needs






33. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






34. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






35. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






36. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






37. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






38. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






39. Critical of personality trait theory






40. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






41. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






42. Learned helplessness






43. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






44. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






45. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






46. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






47. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






48. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






49. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






50. Cognitive training against learned helplessness