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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Self-awareness
Consistency paradox
Authoritarianism
Type theory
2. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Julian Rotter
trait
3 personality theories
3. Learned helplessness
Julian Rotter
Abraham Maslow
Martin Seligman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
4. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Authoritarianism
Julian Rotter
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
George Kelley
5. Personality changes little after age 30
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Type theory
Costa and McCrae
Learned optimism
6. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Cognitive prototype approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Big Five
7. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Self-awareness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Julian Rotter
Type A personality
8. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Idiographic approach
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Gender and depression
Authoritarianism
9. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Gender and depression
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Martin Seligman
10. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Seymour Epstein
Personality
Matina Horner
11. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Grant Dahlstrom
Barnum effect
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
12. Cognitive prototype approach
Taxonomies
personal constructs
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Proprium or propriate function
13. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Matina Horner
Fundamental attribution error
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-monitoring
14. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Raymond Cattell
Cognitive prototype approach
Hans Eysenck
Nomothetic approach
15. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Raymond Cattell
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Self-esteem
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
16. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
dispositionist
Self-awareness
Phenomenological view (personality)
17. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Learned optimism
Mirrors
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Gender and depression
18. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
Self-efficacy
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Self-consciousness
19. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Kay Deaux
Self-handicapping
Henry Murray
20. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Self-consciousness
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Matina Horner
interactionists
21. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Lexical approach
Self-consciousness
Abraham Maslow
Personality
22. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Abraham Maslow
Taxonomies
Lexical approach
Narcissism
23. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Self-awareness
Proprium or propriate function
Self-esteem
personal constructs
24. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Fundamental attribution error
Henry Murray
Barnum effect
25. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Lexical approach
Mesomorph
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
William Sheldon
26. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Lexical approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Kay Deaux
dispositionist
27. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Idiographic approach
Self-awareness
Lexical approach
28. Hierarchy of needs
Henry Murray
Seymour Epstein
Abraham Maslow
Learned helplessness
29. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Martin Seligman
Self-esteem
Matina Horner
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
30. Critical of personality trait theory
Martin Seligman
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Phrenology
Seymour Epstein
31. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Barnum effect
Phenomenological view (personality)
William Sheldon
Internal locus of control
32. Have a great need for arousal
Martin Seligman
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Seymour Epstein
Abraham Maslow
33. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type A personality
dispositionist
Julian Rotter
Endomorph
34. Only circumstances determine behavior
Type A personality
Self-handicapping
situationists
Androgynous
35. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Barnum effect
Self-esteem
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Consistency paradox
36. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Matina Horner
Self-efficacy
Trait hierarchy
Internal locus of control
37. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Self-awareness
Idiographic approach
Authoritarianism
Self-consciousness
38. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Personality
Lexical approach
Dispositional attribution
Self-efficacy
39. Possessing both male and female qualities
Internal locus of control
interactionists
Androgynous
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
40. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Idiographic approach
Raymond Cattell
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
41. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
42. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Trait hierarchy
Cognitive prototype approach
Fundamental attribution error
Phrenology
43. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Phrenology
Type theory
Consistency paradox
Phenomenological view (personality)
44. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Hans Eysenck
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Gender and depression
Nomothetic approach
45. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
Self-handicapping
Nomothetic approach
46. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Abraham Maslow
Self-monitoring
Henry Murray
Phenomenological view (personality)
47. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Idiographic approach
interactionists
Proprium or propriate function
48. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Gordon Allport
Narcissism
49. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Seymour Epstein
dispositionist
Big Five
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
50. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Taxonomies
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Big Five
Gordon Allport