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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






2. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






3. Learned helplessness






4. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






5. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






6. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






7. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






8. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






9. Cognitive prototype approach






10. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






11. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






12. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


13. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






14. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






15. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






17. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






18. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






19. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






20. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






21. Only circumstances determine behavior






22. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






23. External and internal locus of control






24. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






25. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






26. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






27. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






28. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






29. Possessing both male and female qualities






30. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






31. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






32. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






33. Personality changes little after age 30






34. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






35. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






36. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






37. Somatotypes personality theory






38. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






39. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






40. Studied Type A personality






41. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






42. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






43. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






44. Critical of personality trait theory






45. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






46. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






47. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






48. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






49. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






50. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed