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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-esteem
William Sheldon
Self-handicapping
Learned helplessness
2. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Gordon Allport
dispositionist
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
3. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Henry Murray
Cognitive prototype approach
Implicit theories (personality)
Type theory
4. Learned helplessness
Fundamental attribution error
Grant Dahlstrom
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Martin Seligman
5. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Learned optimism
Henry Murray
Fundamental attribution error
6. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Fundamental attribution error
Self-efficacy
personal constructs
Authoritarianism
7. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Implicit theories (personality)
Sandra Bem
Henry Murray
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
8. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Seymour Epstein
Idiographic approach
Authoritarianism
3 personality theories
9. Personality changes little after age 30
Twin studies
Costa and McCrae
Raymond Cattell
trait
10. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Androgynous
Self-monitoring
Personality
Martin Seligman
11. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Learned optimism
dispositionist
Trait hierarchy
Idiographic approach
12. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Type theory
Androgynous
Abraham Maslow
Henry Murray
13. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Barnum effect
Learned optimism
Proprium or propriate function
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
14. Hierarchy of needs
Henry Murray
Abraham Maslow
Matina Horner
Martin Seligman
15. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Barnum effect
Idiographic approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
William Sheldon
16. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Self-esteem
Mesomorph
interactionists
Ectomorph
17. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Fundamental attribution error
Personality
Endomorph
18. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
George Kelley
Alice Eagly
Self-monitoring
19. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Sandra Bem
Self-awareness
Mesomorph
Type theory
20. Critical of personality trait theory
Mirrors
Lexical approach
Seymour Epstein
Sandra Bem
21. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Seymour Epstein
Androgynous
Alice Eagly
Nomothetic approach
22. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
trait
Phrenology
Hans Eysenck
Bem Sex Role Inventory
23. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Narcissism
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Cognitive prototype approach
24. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Self-consciousness
Twin studies
personal constructs
25. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Learned helplessness
Cognitive prototype approach
Big Five
Costa and McCrae
26. Studied Type A personality
interactionists
Seymour Epstein
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Gordon Allport
27. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Idiographic approach
Nomothetic approach
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
28. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Authoritarianism
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Gordon Allport
29. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Raymond Cattell
Self-consciousness
Proprium or propriate function
30. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Self-monitoring
Self-awareness
Mirrors
31. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-awareness
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-esteem
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
32. Possessing both male and female qualities
Androgynous
Twin studies
Sandra Bem
Self-consciousness
33. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
External locus of control
34. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Mirrors
Kay Deaux
Endomorph
Barnum effect
35. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
36. Only circumstances determine behavior
Trait hierarchy
situationists
Consistency paradox
personal constructs
37. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Self-handicapping
Abraham Maslow
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned optimism
38. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Barnum effect
Endomorph
Mirrors
Taxonomies
39. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-monitoring
George Kelley
Authoritarianism
40. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Big Five
Narcissism
Endomorph
External locus of control
41. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Mirrors
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
William Sheldon
Hans Eysenck
42. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Self-monitoring
Grant Dahlstrom
Big Five
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
43. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality tests (2 types)
Big Five
Trait hierarchy
Julian Rotter
44. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Martin Seligman
Sandra Bem
Ectomorph
personal constructs
45. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Authoritarianism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Endomorph
46. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
trait
Learned optimism
Type A personality
Martin Seligman
47. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Gender and depression
Dispositional attribution
Barnum effect
48. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Gordon Allport
interactionists
Personality tests (2 types)
George Kelley
49. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Self-awareness
Barnum effect
trait
50. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Barnum effect
Mirrors
Fundamental attribution error