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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






2. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






3. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






4. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






5. Critical of personality trait theory






6. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






7. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






8. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






9. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






10. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






11. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






12. External and internal locus of control






13. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






14. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






15. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






16. Learned helplessness






17. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






18. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






19. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






20. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






21. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






22. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






23. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






24. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






25. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






26. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






27. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






28. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






29. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






30. Personality changes little after age 30






31. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






32. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






33. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






34. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






35. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






36. Studied Type A personality






37. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






38. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


39. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






40. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






41. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






42. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






43. Possessing both male and female qualities






44. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






45. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






46. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






47. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






48. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






49. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






50. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically