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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Personality tests (2 types)
Nomothetic approach
Barnum effect
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
2. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
3 personality theories
Mirrors
Matina Horner
3. Studied Type A personality
Self-awareness
Henry Murray
Idiographic approach
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
4. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Self-consciousness
Matina Horner
Dispositional attribution
Seymour Epstein
5. Only circumstances determine behavior
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Phenomenological view (personality)
situationists
Taxonomies
6. Possessing both male and female qualities
Twin studies
Narcissism
Androgynous
Stimulus-seeking individuals
7. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Fundamental attribution error
Internal locus of control
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Learned helplessness
8. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
trait
Fundamental attribution error
Personality
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
9. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Consistency paradox
Mesomorph
Trait hierarchy
10. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
External locus of control
Proprium or propriate function
Authoritarianism
Phrenology
11. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Authoritarianism
Taxonomies
Personality
Idiographic approach
12. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Twin studies
Self-esteem
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
13. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
trait
Barnum effect
Ectomorph
Idiographic approach
14. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
15. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Internal locus of control
Twin studies
Matina Horner
16. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Taxonomies
Martin Seligman
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Dispositional attribution
17. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Barnum effect
Twin studies
Gender and depression
18. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Self-consciousness
Self-awareness
Henry Murray
19. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
3 personality theories
Big Five
External locus of control
Self-consciousness
20. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Self-awareness
Consistency paradox
Taxonomies
personal constructs
21. Learned helplessness
Martin Seligman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
Self-awareness
22. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Taxonomies
Phenomenological view (personality)
trait
dispositionist
23. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Endomorph
Cognitive prototype approach
Phrenology
24. External and internal locus of control
Gordon Allport
Julian Rotter
Gender and depression
Seymour Epstein
25. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
trait
Ectomorph
Authoritarianism
Self-handicapping
26. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Self-consciousness
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Type theory
Narcissism
27. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Cognitive prototype approach
George Kelley
Self-monitoring
Gordon Allport
28. Critical of personality trait theory
Trait hierarchy
Grant Dahlstrom
Learned helplessness
Seymour Epstein
29. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Martin Seligman
Narcissism
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-monitoring
30. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
William Sheldon
Trait hierarchy
trait
Learned optimism
31. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Self-awareness
Gordon Allport
3 personality theories
Consistency paradox
32. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Idiographic approach
interactionists
Endomorph
33. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Self-monitoring
Phenomenological view (personality)
Dispositional attribution
Personality tests (2 types)
34. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Abraham Maslow
Learned optimism
Authoritarianism
Personality tests (2 types)
35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Mirrors
Hans Eysenck
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
36. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
Proprium or propriate function
Self-awareness
Gordon Allport
37. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Fundamental attribution error
Self-handicapping
Hans Eysenck
38. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Fundamental attribution error
Self-monitoring
External locus of control
personal constructs
39. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Mirrors
External locus of control
Mesomorph
Phenomenological view (personality)
40. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Twin studies
Kay Deaux
Mirrors
Nomothetic approach
41. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Personality tests (2 types)
Type theory
External locus of control
42. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Alice Eagly
George Kelley
Sandra Bem
Kay Deaux
43. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Lexical approach
Androgynous
Endomorph
Gordon Allport
44. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Type A personality
interactionists
Endomorph
Narcissism
45. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Julian Rotter
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
3 personality theories
46. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Julian Rotter
Self-monitoring
Endomorph
47. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Type theory
Seymour Epstein
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Type A personality
48. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
3 personality theories
Learned helplessness
Trait hierarchy
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
49. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Learned optimism
interactionists
William Sheldon
George Kelley
50. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Twin studies
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Lexical approach