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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






2. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






3. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






4. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






5. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






6. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






7. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






8. Studied Type A personality






9. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






10. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






11. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






12. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






13. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






14. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






15. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






16. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






17. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






18. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






19. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






20. Critical of personality trait theory






21. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






22. Somatotypes personality theory






23. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






24. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






25. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






26. Cognitive prototype approach






27. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






28. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






29. Possessing both male and female qualities






30. External and internal locus of control






31. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






32. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






33. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






34. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






35. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






36. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






37. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






38. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






39. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






40. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






41. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






42. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






43. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






44. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






45. Only circumstances determine behavior






46. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






47. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






48. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






49. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






50. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine