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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality tests (2 types)
Nomothetic approach
Phrenology
Learned optimism
2. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Proprium or propriate function
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Alice Eagly
Henry Murray
3. Hierarchy of needs
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Taxonomies
Raymond Cattell
Abraham Maslow
4. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
5. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Nomothetic approach
Mesomorph
Authoritarianism
Self-efficacy
6. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
personal constructs
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Gender and depression
Androgynous
7. Have a great need for arousal
personal constructs
Henry Murray
George Kelley
Stimulus-seeking individuals
8. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Implicit theories (personality)
Endomorph
Consistency paradox
Gordon Allport
9. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
3 personality theories
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
interactionists
10. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Alice Eagly
Nomothetic approach
interactionists
Implicit theories (personality)
11. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Bem Sex Role Inventory
George Kelley
Big Five
Type A personality
12. Critical of personality trait theory
Trait hierarchy
Androgynous
Seymour Epstein
Idiographic approach
13. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Authoritarianism
Dispositional attribution
Self-monitoring
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
14. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Type theory
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Cognitive prototype approach
15. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
personal constructs
Grant Dahlstrom
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Gender and depression
16. Learned helplessness
Trait hierarchy
Self-handicapping
Martin Seligman
Bem Sex Role Inventory
17. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Narcissism
Implicit theories (personality)
Idiographic approach
Big Five
18. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
trait
personal constructs
Ectomorph
Taxonomies
19. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
George Kelley
Nomothetic approach
Gender and depression
Big Five
20. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Alice Eagly
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
21. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
interactionists
Matina Horner
Learned helplessness
22. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Sandra Bem
Phenomenological view (personality)
3 personality theories
Internal locus of control
23. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Narcissism
Fundamental attribution error
Type theory
3 personality theories
24. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Gordon Allport
Seymour Epstein
Mesomorph
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
25. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Learned helplessness
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Sandra Bem
dispositionist
26. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Kay Deaux
dispositionist
Costa and McCrae
Self-consciousness
27. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Self-esteem
Costa and McCrae
Gordon Allport
Grant Dahlstrom
28. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Abraham Maslow
Barnum effect
Henry Murray
Self-monitoring
29. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
External locus of control
Dispositional attribution
Raymond Cattell
30. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Kay Deaux
Learned helplessness
Consistency paradox
Type A personality
31. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Phenomenological view (personality)
situationists
32. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Barnum effect
Androgynous
Cognitive prototype approach
Authoritarianism
33. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Lexical approach
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
34. Studied Type A personality
Phrenology
Matina Horner
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
35. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Narcissism
Self-handicapping
Lexical approach
Matina Horner
36. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Type theory
Kay Deaux
Dispositional attribution
Proprium or propriate function
37. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Mirrors
trait
Lexical approach
Twin studies
38. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Martin Seligman
Phrenology
situationists
Proprium or propriate function
39. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Sandra Bem
William Sheldon
dispositionist
Kay Deaux
40. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
William Sheldon
Fundamental attribution error
Costa and McCrae
Sandra Bem
41. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Alice Eagly
Raymond Cattell
Self-monitoring
Sandra Bem
42. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Phrenology
Phenomenological view (personality)
Self-awareness
George Kelley
43. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Seymour Epstein
Personality
Type A personality
44. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Phrenology
Taxonomies
45. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Hans Eysenck
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Narcissism
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
46. Possessing both male and female qualities
Raymond Cattell
Twin studies
Androgynous
Grant Dahlstrom
47. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Big Five
Self-monitoring
Learned optimism
Learned helplessness
48. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Dispositional attribution
Nomothetic approach
Cognitive prototype approach
Raymond Cattell
49. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Fundamental attribution error
Kay Deaux
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Phrenology
50. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Trait hierarchy
Cognitive prototype approach
Self-efficacy
Hans Eysenck