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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






2. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






4. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






5. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






6. Cognitive prototype approach






7. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






8. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






9. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






10. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






11. Learned helplessness






12. Have a great need for arousal






13. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






14. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






15. Only circumstances determine behavior






16. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






17. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






18. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






19. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






20. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






21. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






22. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






23. Personality changes little after age 30






24. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






25. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






26. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






27. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






28. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






29. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






30. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






31. Critical of personality trait theory






32. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






33. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






34. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






35. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






36. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






37. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






38. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






39. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






40. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






41. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






42. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






43. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






44. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






45. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


46. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






47. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






48. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






49. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






50. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)