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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






2. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






3. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






4. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






5. External and internal locus of control






6. Hierarchy of needs






7. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






8. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






9. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






10. Somatotypes personality theory






11. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






12. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






13. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






14. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






15. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






17. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






18. Only circumstances determine behavior






19. Studied Type A personality






20. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






21. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






22. Have a great need for arousal






23. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






24. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






25. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






26. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






27. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






28. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


29. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






30. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






31. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






32. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






33. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






34. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






35. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






36. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






37. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






38. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






39. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






40. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






41. Learned helplessness






42. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






43. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






44. Personality changes little after age 30






45. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






46. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






47. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






48. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






49. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






50. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience