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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Matina Horner
Phrenology
Self-consciousness
Androgynous
2. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Self-efficacy
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Proprium or propriate function
3. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Henry Murray
Hans Eysenck
Self-esteem
Julian Rotter
4. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Personality tests (2 types)
Gender and depression
Cognitive prototype approach
Fundamental attribution error
5. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Self-awareness
Twin studies
Fundamental attribution error
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
6. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Alice Eagly
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
situationists
Self-efficacy
7. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Gender and depression
situationists
Twin studies
Authoritarianism
8. Critical of personality trait theory
Seymour Epstein
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Proprium or propriate function
Big Five
9. Learned helplessness
Kay Deaux
Idiographic approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Martin Seligman
10. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Learned optimism
Kay Deaux
Idiographic approach
Gordon Allport
11. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Gender and depression
situationists
Twin studies
12. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Implicit theories (personality)
Learned helplessness
George Kelley
Raymond Cattell
13. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Raymond Cattell
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Fundamental attribution error
External locus of control
14. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Dispositional attribution
Self-awareness
Cognitive prototype approach
Mirrors
15. Cognitive prototype approach
George Kelley
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Big Five
16. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
interactionists
Barnum effect
trait
Trait hierarchy
17. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Lexical approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Costa and McCrae
18. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Mesomorph
Sandra Bem
Self-handicapping
Fundamental attribution error
19. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Matina Horner
Learned helplessness
Gender and depression
Julian Rotter
20. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Lexical approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Abraham Maslow
Narcissism
21. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Lexical approach
Taxonomies
3 personality theories
Internal locus of control
22. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Self-monitoring
Trait hierarchy
Phrenology
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
23. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Self-monitoring
Abraham Maslow
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Martin Seligman
24. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
William Sheldon
Costa and McCrae
Learned helplessness
25. Studied Type A personality
3 personality theories
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Gordon Allport
Julian Rotter
26. Hierarchy of needs
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Abraham Maslow
Mesomorph
Alice Eagly
27. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Gordon Allport
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Hans Eysenck
Matina Horner
28. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Self-monitoring
Kay Deaux
William Sheldon
Mirrors
29. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
situationists
dispositionist
George Kelley
Stimulus-seeking individuals
30. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
Androgynous
Fundamental attribution error
interactionists
31. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Self-awareness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Androgynous
32. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Mesomorph
Cognitive prototype approach
Kay Deaux
Learned helplessness
33. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Androgynous
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
34. External and internal locus of control
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Gordon Allport
Self-awareness
Julian Rotter
35. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Dispositional attribution
Phenomenological view (personality)
Lexical approach
Proprium or propriate function
36. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Ectomorph
Consistency paradox
Kay Deaux
37. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Personality tests (2 types)
Self-esteem
Mirrors
38. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Fundamental attribution error
Narcissism
Big Five
Martin Seligman
39. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Personality
trait
Lexical approach
Dispositional attribution
40. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Gordon Allport
Alice Eagly
Grant Dahlstrom
dispositionist
41. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Big Five
Stimulus-seeking individuals
George Kelley
Phrenology
42. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Twin studies
3 personality theories
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
43. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Kay Deaux
Idiographic approach
Hans Eysenck
Trait hierarchy
44. Somatotypes personality theory
External locus of control
William Sheldon
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Big Five
45. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Type theory
Proprium or propriate function
situationists
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
46. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Nomothetic approach
Learned helplessness
Implicit theories (personality)
Self-awareness
47. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Personality
Trait hierarchy
Idiographic approach
Self-efficacy
48. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Self-efficacy
Julian Rotter
Barnum effect
George Kelley
49. Possessing both male and female qualities
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Androgynous
Hans Eysenck
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
50. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Raymond Cattell
situationists
Self-consciousness
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality