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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






2. Hierarchy of needs






3. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






4. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






5. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






6. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






7. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






8. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






9. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






10. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






11. Have a great need for arousal






12. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






13. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






14. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






15. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






16. Only circumstances determine behavior






17. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






18. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






19. Critical of personality trait theory






20. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


21. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






22. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






23. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






24. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






25. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






26. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






27. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






28. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






29. Cognitive prototype approach






30. Somatotypes personality theory






31. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






32. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






33. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






34. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






35. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






36. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






37. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






38. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






39. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






40. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






41. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






42. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






43. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






44. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






45. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






46. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






47. Personality changes little after age 30






48. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






49. Studied Type A personality






50. External and internal locus of control