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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Androgynous
Alice Eagly
Hans Eysenck
Gender and depression
2. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Raymond Cattell
Sandra Bem
Personality
Narcissism
3. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Dispositional attribution
Kay Deaux
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
4. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Seymour Epstein
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Idiographic approach
Personality tests (2 types)
5. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Endomorph
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Phrenology
6. Learned helplessness
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Martin Seligman
interactionists
Implicit theories (personality)
7. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Lexical approach
Ectomorph
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
George Kelley
8. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
personal constructs
Big Five
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-esteem
9. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Phrenology
Type theory
Personality
dispositionist
10. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
11. Personality changes little after age 30
Henry Murray
Mirrors
Grant Dahlstrom
Costa and McCrae
12. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-handicapping
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Matina Horner
13. Possessing both male and female qualities
interactionists
Narcissism
trait
Androgynous
14. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
William Sheldon
Nomothetic approach
Barnum effect
Kay Deaux
15. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Hans Eysenck
interactionists
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
16. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Cognitive prototype approach
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Costa and McCrae
17. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Sandra Bem
Learned optimism
Narcissism
personal constructs
18. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Kay Deaux
Self-consciousness
Type A personality
Hans Eysenck
19. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Narcissism
Learned helplessness
Matina Horner
Alice Eagly
20. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Androgynous
Twin studies
Self-monitoring
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
21. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Implicit theories (personality)
Taxonomies
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Self-efficacy
22. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Cognitive prototype approach
Twin studies
Self-handicapping
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
23. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Kay Deaux
Phenomenological view (personality)
Implicit theories (personality)
24. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
situationists
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
External locus of control
Proprium or propriate function
25. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Raymond Cattell
Authoritarianism
Type theory
Mirrors
26. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Androgynous
Lexical approach
Self-esteem
27. Studied Type A personality
Narcissism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
28. External and internal locus of control
3 personality theories
Lexical approach
Julian Rotter
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
29. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Idiographic approach
Hans Eysenck
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Learned optimism
30. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Self-consciousness
Henry Murray
Phrenology
Idiographic approach
31. Cognitive prototype approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Raymond Cattell
Idiographic approach
32. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Ectomorph
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
33. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Idiographic approach
Lexical approach
William Sheldon
34. Have a great need for arousal
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Personality
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
35. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Big Five
Self-esteem
Matina Horner
Internal locus of control
36. Critical of personality trait theory
Self-awareness
Learned optimism
Seymour Epstein
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
37. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Barnum effect
Matina Horner
Raymond Cattell
Implicit theories (personality)
38. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Internal locus of control
Mesomorph
George Kelley
Self-esteem
39. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Henry Murray
Personality
dispositionist
40. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Self-esteem
Gender and depression
Mesomorph
Idiographic approach
41. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Sandra Bem
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Androgynous
42. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Type A personality
Personality
Raymond Cattell
43. Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Self-esteem
Lexical approach
Implicit theories (personality)
44. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Julian Rotter
Big Five
Trait hierarchy
Ectomorph
45. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Internal locus of control
3 personality theories
Costa and McCrae
Julian Rotter
46. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Taxonomies
Raymond Cattell
Big Five
Ectomorph
47. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Internal locus of control
Type theory
Mesomorph
48. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Big Five
Hans Eysenck
Grant Dahlstrom
Mesomorph
49. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Self-handicapping
personal constructs
Fundamental attribution error
Phrenology
50. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Personality
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Taxonomies
Narcissism