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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Barnum effect
Twin studies
Kay Deaux
Costa and McCrae
2. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Idiographic approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Personality tests (2 types)
3. Studied Type A personality
Gender and depression
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Implicit theories (personality)
Sandra Bem
4. Learned helplessness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Martin Seligman
Kay Deaux
Androgynous
5. Have a great need for arousal
Cognitive prototype approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Taxonomies
Ectomorph
6. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Hans Eysenck
Proprium or propriate function
Dispositional attribution
Taxonomies
7. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Cognitive prototype approach
Personality
Mesomorph
Lexical approach
8. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Martin Seligman
Nomothetic approach
Narcissism
Lexical approach
9. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Barnum effect
dispositionist
Hans Eysenck
Abraham Maslow
10. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Type theory
Abraham Maslow
11. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
George Kelley
Fundamental attribution error
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
12. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Implicit theories (personality)
Mesomorph
Self-efficacy
Big Five
13. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Internal locus of control
Sandra Bem
Idiographic approach
Androgynous
14. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
George Kelley
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Mirrors
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
15. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Self-esteem
Cognitive prototype approach
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
dispositionist
16. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Alice Eagly
Self-handicapping
Consistency paradox
17. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
18. Possessing both male and female qualities
Matina Horner
Trait hierarchy
Henry Murray
Androgynous
19. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Phrenology
Self-consciousness
20. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Gordon Allport
Hans Eysenck
Consistency paradox
21. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Endomorph
Implicit theories (personality)
Trait hierarchy
External locus of control
22. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Sandra Bem
Authoritarianism
Learned helplessness
Self-consciousness
23. Personality changes little after age 30
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Authoritarianism
Costa and McCrae
Grant Dahlstrom
24. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Endomorph
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
interactionists
Alice Eagly
25. Hierarchy of needs
Type A personality
Abraham Maslow
Mirrors
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
26. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Henry Murray
Narcissism
Learned helplessness
Internal locus of control
27. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-handicapping
Costa and McCrae
Henry Murray
Barnum effect
28. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Personality
personal constructs
interactionists
29. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
personal constructs
situationists
Proprium or propriate function
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
30. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Nomothetic approach
Kay Deaux
Self-awareness
Mirrors
31. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
Self-consciousness
Taxonomies
Lexical approach
32. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Twin studies
Consistency paradox
Grant Dahlstrom
Henry Murray
33. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Gender and depression
personal constructs
Raymond Cattell
Grant Dahlstrom
34. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
3 personality theories
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Phrenology
trait
35. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Seymour Epstein
Grant Dahlstrom
Consistency paradox
Gender and depression
36. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Big Five
Personality tests (2 types)
Learned optimism
External locus of control
37. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Seymour Epstein
Twin studies
Authoritarianism
Implicit theories (personality)
38. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Fundamental attribution error
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Endomorph
Sandra Bem
39. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
personal constructs
Fundamental attribution error
Self-efficacy
40. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Personality
Consistency paradox
3 personality theories
Self-esteem
41. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
trait
Personality tests (2 types)
Big Five
Self-monitoring
42. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Matina Horner
Self-efficacy
Costa and McCrae
43. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Barnum effect
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
situationists
Gender and depression
44. Only circumstances determine behavior
Seymour Epstein
Androgynous
situationists
3 personality theories
45. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Fundamental attribution error
Grant Dahlstrom
Self-esteem
46. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Personality
Authoritarianism
Abraham Maslow
47. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Learned optimism
situationists
Trait hierarchy
48. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Mesomorph
Martin Seligman
Taxonomies
Self-awareness
49. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Sandra Bem
Gender and depression
Self-efficacy
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
50. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Idiographic approach
Self-awareness
Personality tests (2 types)
Trait hierarchy