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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






2. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






3. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






4. Possessing both male and female qualities






5. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






6. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






7. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






8. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically






9. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






10. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






11. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






12. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






13. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


14. External and internal locus of control






15. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






16. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






17. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






18. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






19. Learned helplessness






20. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






21. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






22. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






23. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






24. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






25. Have a great need for arousal






26. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






27. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






28. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






29. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






30. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






31. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






32. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






33. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






34. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






35. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






36. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






37. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






38. Studied Type A personality






39. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






40. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






41. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






42. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






43. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






44. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






45. Cognitive prototype approach






46. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






47. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






48. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






49. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






50. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed