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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






2. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






3. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






4. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






5. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






6. Cognitive prototype approach






7. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






8. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






9. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations






10. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations






11. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






12. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






13. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






14. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






15. Personality changes little after age 30






16. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






17. External and internal locus of control






18. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)






19. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






20. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






21. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics






22. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






23. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






24. Have a great need for arousal






25. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






26. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






27. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem






28. Hierarchy of needs






29. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






30. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






31. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






32. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






33. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






34. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






35. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






36. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


37. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






38. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






39. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






40. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






41. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






42. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






43. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






44. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






45. Somatotypes personality theory






46. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






47. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






48. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






49. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






50. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)