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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Sandra Bem
Kay Deaux
trait
Authoritarianism
2. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
personal constructs
Endomorph
interactionists
Big Five
3. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Type theory
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Lexical approach
Mesomorph
4. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
Personality tests (2 types)
trait
Lexical approach
5. Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Self-consciousness
Kay Deaux
Mirrors
6. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Ectomorph
Personality tests (2 types)
Implicit theories (personality)
Learned optimism
7. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Androgynous
3 personality theories
Dispositional attribution
Taxonomies
8. Learned helplessness
Internal locus of control
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Martin Seligman
Stimulus-seeking individuals
9. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Phenomenological view (personality)
Nomothetic approach
Fundamental attribution error
10. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
Learned helplessness
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
3 personality theories
11. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
trait
Matina Horner
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Dispositional attribution
12. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Twin studies
Raymond Cattell
Self-monitoring
13. Critical of personality trait theory
Matina Horner
Raymond Cattell
Big Five
Seymour Epstein
14. Cognitive prototype approach
Sandra Bem
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Lexical approach
Stimulus-seeking individuals
15. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
George Kelley
situationists
Idiographic approach
Mirrors
16. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Self-monitoring
Lexical approach
Narcissism
17. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Matina Horner
Henry Murray
Personality tests (2 types)
Trait hierarchy
18. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Cognitive prototype approach
External locus of control
Seymour Epstein
19. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Internal locus of control
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Alice Eagly
Kay Deaux
20. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-monitoring
Implicit theories (personality)
21. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Twin studies
Nomothetic approach
Lexical approach
Kay Deaux
22. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Proprium or propriate function
Seymour Epstein
External locus of control
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
23. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
William Sheldon
Seymour Epstein
Alice Eagly
Type theory
24. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Consistency paradox
Self-monitoring
External locus of control
25. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Henry Murray
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
External locus of control
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
26. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Grant Dahlstrom
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
27. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Learned optimism
Twin studies
Kay Deaux
personal constructs
28. Possessing both male and female qualities
Androgynous
Phenomenological view (personality)
Mirrors
Matina Horner
29. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Grant Dahlstrom
Androgynous
Sandra Bem
Self-consciousness
30. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Proprium or propriate function
Hans Eysenck
Sandra Bem
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
31. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Mesomorph
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned optimism
32. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
trait
Consistency paradox
Ectomorph
Phenomenological view (personality)
33. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-consciousness
Personality tests (2 types)
34. Somatotypes personality theory
Barnum effect
William Sheldon
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
35. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Self-monitoring
Costa and McCrae
Barnum effect
dispositionist
36. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Matina Horner
Self-efficacy
Abraham Maslow
Taxonomies
37. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Twin studies
Personality
Mirrors
Raymond Cattell
38. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Cognitive prototype approach
William Sheldon
Learned optimism
Self-efficacy
39. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Henry Murray
Fundamental attribution error
Self-efficacy
40. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Dispositional attribution
Self-esteem
George Kelley
Self-consciousness
41. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Personality
Phenomenological view (personality)
Learned optimism
Raymond Cattell
42. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Nomothetic approach
Idiographic approach
Gordon Allport
Costa and McCrae
43. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Androgynous
Learned helplessness
44. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
3 personality theories
William Sheldon
Ectomorph
Endomorph
45. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Type theory
Stimulus-seeking individuals
interactionists
Self-awareness
46. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
trait
Phrenology
Kay Deaux
Grant Dahlstrom
47. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Personality tests (2 types)
Kay Deaux
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Self-handicapping
48. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
interactionists
Seymour Epstein
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Henry Murray
49. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Internal locus of control
Phrenology
Self-handicapping
50. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
William Sheldon
Type A personality
Twin studies
Hans Eysenck