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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Henry Murray
trait
Ectomorph
Self-monitoring
2. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
Consistency paradox
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
interactionists
Taxonomies
3. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing
Gender and depression
Consistency paradox
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Self-awareness
4. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Learned helplessness
Internal locus of control
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Self-esteem
5. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
Gordon Allport
personal constructs
Dispositional attribution
Alice Eagly
6. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Mesomorph
External locus of control
Phenomenological view (personality)
Big Five
7. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Proprium or propriate function
Consistency paradox
Mirrors
Phrenology
8. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Lexical approach
Idiographic approach
Kay Deaux
External locus of control
9. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Mirrors
Narcissism
Lexical approach
Implicit theories (personality)
10. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Implicit theories (personality)
Alice Eagly
Raymond Cattell
Endomorph
11. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Gender and depression
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Mesomorph
12. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Androgynous
interactionists
3 personality theories
Stimulus-seeking individuals
13. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)
Implicit theories (personality)
Kay Deaux
trait
Hans Eysenck
14. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Sandra Bem
interactionists
Dispositional attribution
Matina Horner
15. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Learned optimism
Alice Eagly
Endomorph
trait
16. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
17. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Phrenology
Fundamental attribution error
Self-consciousness
Sandra Bem
18. Hierarchy of needs
Authoritarianism
Proprium or propriate function
Abraham Maslow
Dispositional attribution
19. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
External locus of control
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-esteem
Sandra Bem
20. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Twin studies
Narcissism
personal constructs
Consistency paradox
21. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Idiographic approach
Phrenology
Personality tests (2 types)
22. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
trait
Costa and McCrae
Martin Seligman
Self-esteem
23. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Seymour Epstein
Kay Deaux
Raymond Cattell
Big Five
24. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Big Five
Self-efficacy
personal constructs
Self-handicapping
25. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Type A personality
interactionists
Self-awareness
Internal locus of control
26. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Phrenology
Dispositional attribution
Endomorph
Learned optimism
27. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability
Cognitive prototype approach
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Narcissism
28. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
personal constructs
Fundamental attribution error
Authoritarianism
Personality
29. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
Personality tests (2 types)
Cognitive prototype approach
Learned helplessness
30. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Type A personality
Ectomorph
Barnum effect
31. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
Taxonomies
Narcissism
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Sandra Bem
32. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Narcissism
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
situationists
33. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
Type A personality
interactionists
Big Five
Grant Dahlstrom
34. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Hans Eysenck
Seymour Epstein
External locus of control
Self-handicapping
35. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Self-monitoring
dispositionist
Consistency paradox
Hans Eysenck
36. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Learned helplessness
situationists
George Kelley
Bem Sex Role Inventory
37. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Implicit theories (personality)
William Sheldon
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
38. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Androgynous
Learned optimism
Personality
Implicit theories (personality)
39. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Personality tests (2 types)
Self-handicapping
Internal locus of control
Dispositional attribution
40. External and internal locus of control
Self-monitoring
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Julian Rotter
Seymour Epstein
41. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Cognitive prototype approach
Personality tests (2 types)
Lexical approach
trait
42. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Consistency paradox
Kay Deaux
43. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Gender and depression
Big Five
Taxonomies
44. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Kay Deaux
Narcissism
George Kelley
Consistency paradox
45. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
Phenomenological view (personality)
interactionists
External locus of control
Internal locus of control
46. Personality changes little after age 30
Androgynous
Ectomorph
Costa and McCrae
Gordon Allport
47. Somatotypes personality theory
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
William Sheldon
Self-awareness
Martin Seligman
48. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Taxonomies
Endomorph
Bem Sex Role Inventory
49. Cognitive prototype approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Kay Deaux
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
50. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
personal constructs
Raymond Cattell
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Personality tests (2 types)