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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Hans Eysenck
Henry Murray
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Cognitive prototype approach
2. Have a great need for arousal
External locus of control
George Kelley
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Endomorph
3. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness
External locus of control
Self-esteem
Type theory
Barnum effect
4. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Hans Eysenck
Raymond Cattell
Internal locus of control
5. External and internal locus of control
Nomothetic approach
George Kelley
Costa and McCrae
Julian Rotter
6. Somatotypes personality theory
Julian Rotter
William Sheldon
Martin Seligman
Grant Dahlstrom
7. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Personality
Ectomorph
Trait hierarchy
Authoritarianism
8. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality
Self-esteem
Nomothetic approach
Mesomorph
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
9. Critical of personality trait theory
Endomorph
Nomothetic approach
Seymour Epstein
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
10. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
trait
Self-consciousness
Twin studies
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
11. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Lexical approach
Kay Deaux
Self-efficacy
12. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Sandra Bem
Self-efficacy
situationists
13. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Self-monitoring
Taxonomies
Grant Dahlstrom
Personality tests (2 types)
14. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
personal constructs
Type theory
Lexical approach
Cognitive prototype approach
15. Learned helplessness
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Martin Seligman
16. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Kay Deaux
Personality tests (2 types)
Mirrors
Hans Eysenck
17. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Ectomorph
Julian Rotter
Big Five
dispositionist
18. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Narcissism
Consistency paradox
Type A personality
Taxonomies
19. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
Alice Eagly
George Kelley
Martin Seligman
Proprium or propriate function
20. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently
Learned optimism
Personality
Nomothetic approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
21. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Trait hierarchy
Implicit theories (personality)
Alice Eagly
Authoritarianism
22. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Self-esteem
Gordon Allport
Kay Deaux
Androgynous
23. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Endomorph
Consistency paradox
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Learned optimism
24. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
25. Possessing both male and female qualities
Proprium or propriate function
Abraham Maslow
Seymour Epstein
Androgynous
26. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Gender and depression
Barnum effect
Grant Dahlstrom
27. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
personal constructs
trait
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Narcissism
28. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Raymond Cattell
Mirrors
Gordon Allport
Abraham Maslow
29. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Self-esteem
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Seymour Epstein
30. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Julian Rotter
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Learned helplessness
31. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Self-consciousness
Self-esteem
Phrenology
Self-monitoring
32. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Lexical approach
3 personality theories
Martin Seligman
Mirrors
33. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire
Raymond Cattell
Self-awareness
Learned optimism
Internal locus of control
34. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Nomothetic approach
Narcissism
Self-monitoring
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
35. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Sandra Bem
Phrenology
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Idiographic approach
36. Studied Type A personality
Personality
Julian Rotter
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
37. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
interactionists
Gordon Allport
Cognitive prototype approach
38. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine
Idiographic approach
William Sheldon
Hans Eysenck
Self-awareness
39. Only circumstances determine behavior
situationists
Personality
Cognitive prototype approach
Self-handicapping
40. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox
dispositionist
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Self-awareness
Consistency paradox
41. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Trait hierarchy
External locus of control
Julian Rotter
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
42. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Narcissism
Self-consciousness
Bem Sex Role Inventory
trait
43. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Lexical approach
Endomorph
interactionists
George Kelley
44. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
William Sheldon
Self-awareness
dispositionist
Twin studies
45. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Authoritarianism
Personality tests (2 types)
Twin studies
Mesomorph
46. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality
trait
dispositionist
George Kelley
Taxonomies
47. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes
Type theory
situationists
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Big Five
48. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Gordon Allport
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Self-consciousness
49. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences
Endomorph
Big Five
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Phenomenological view (personality)
50. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)
Dispositional attribution
situationists
Twin studies
Authoritarianism