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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






2. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






3. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






4. Cognitive prototype approach






5. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






6. Somatotypes personality theory






7. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory






8. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






9. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure






10. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






11. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-






12. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






13. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism






14. Personality changes little after age 30






15. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems






16. Only circumstances determine behavior






17. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






18. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






19. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






20. Possessing both male and female qualities






21. Studied Type A personality






22. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


23. Hierarchy of needs






24. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






25. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






26. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






27. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






28. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






29. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






30. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






31. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






32. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






33. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






34. Dispositional attribution; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






35. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






36. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary






37. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






38. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






39. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)






40. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






41. Organized categorization systems - by statistical techniques for personality






42. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






43. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






44. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra






45. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






46. Have a great need for arousal






47. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






48. Learned helplessness






49. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






50. Cognitive training against learned helplessness