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GRE Psychology: Personality

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relatively stable characteristics of behavior that a person exhibits (trait is stable - state is more of temporary feeling or characteristics)






2. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience






3. Criticized trait and type theories that both assume behaviour is stable across situations and people fail to take circumstances into account; - studies show that people often act different in different situations; consistency paradox






4. Belief that one can effectively perform a task






5. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag






6. Uses large numbers of people to study commonalities of personality






7. Focuses on individual'S unique self and experiences






8. Originally dominated personality theory (Hippocrates) - many placed into type categories based on physical appearance; including using phrenology and somatotypes






9. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced






10. Cognitive training against learned helplessness






11. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-






12. Fundamental attribution error; tendency for others to think actions are caused more by personality than situation (e.g. lie because he is a liar - not because of the situation)






13. Critical of personality trait theory






14. Somatotypes personality theory






15. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists






16. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition






17. Studied Type A personality






18. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure






19. To show personality traits exist in a person - show person exhibits those traits in a variety of situations; cognitive behaviour (e.g. formulation of and attention to prototypes) is examined in social situations; - consistency of behaviour is result






20. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph


21. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as result of luck or fate; too much breeds helplessness






22. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour






23. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame






24. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts






25. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist






26. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive






27. The study of why people act the way that they do and why different people act differently






28. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings






29. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)






30. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and California Personality Inventory (CPI)






31. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self






32. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed






33. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact






34. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us






35. Used factor analysis in data reduction of Allport'S 5000 traits; identified 16 bipolar source traits (e.g. relaxed-tense) that seemed to underlie all; 16 personality factors tested in personality questionnaire






36. Used factor analysis to identify underlying traits of 2 personality-type dimensions (introversion-extraversion and stable-unstable [neuroticism]); - two dimensions formed a cross and four quadrants of phlegmatic - melancholic - choleric - sanguine






37. Learned helplessness






38. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior






39. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality






40. Hierarchy of needs






41. A state; temporary condition of being aware of how you are thinking - feeling or doing






42. Cognitive prototype approach






43. Found few sex differences existed that could not be explained by simple social learning; - most consistent difference that seems independent of social influence is that females have greater verbal ability and males have greater visual/spatial ability






44. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual






45. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations






46. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person






47. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social






48. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'






49. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men






50. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations