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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Personality
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allport; his version of the ego - believed it acted relatively consistently based on traits developed through experience
situationists
Taxonomies
Proprium or propriate function
trait
2. Studies androgyny; created Bem Sex Role Inventory
Phenomenological view (personality)
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Sandra Bem
Narcissism
3. Somatotypes personality theory
William Sheldon
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Learned optimism
Big Five
4. Found interaction between gender and social status - how easily an individual might be influenced
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Alice Eagly
5. Shows heritability of personality about 40-50% - identical twins separated at birth; 'Jim' twins had wives and dogs with same name - and same habits; differences shows environmental impact
Nomothetic approach
Abraham Maslow
Narcissism
Twin studies
6. Conscious ideas about the self - others and situations
personal constructs
William Sheldon
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Taxonomies
7. Personality changes little after age 30
Costa and McCrae
interactionists
Mirrors
Idiographic approach
8. Learned helplessness
Hans Eysenck
Martin Seligman
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Twin studies
9. Muscular - athletic means energetic - aggressive
Narcissism
Sandra Bem
Proprium or propriate function
Mesomorph
10. Sheldon; personality based on body types - three physiques and corresponding personality types: endomorph - mesomorph - ectomorph
11. Skinny - fragile means inhibited - intellectual
Narcissism
Henry Murray
Raymond Cattell
Ectomorph
12. Suggested females shun masculine-type successes not because of fear or failure or lack of interest - but they fear success and its negative repercussions (i.e. resentment and rejection)
Self-monitoring
Type theory
Matina Horner
Self-esteem
13. Many argue that there is no true gender differences - children are reinforced for stereotypical behaviors - prevailing pov -> interactionist
Grant Dahlstrom
Costa and McCrae
Mesomorph
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
14. External and internal locus of control
Julian Rotter
Nomothetic approach
Somatotypes (personality theory' +types)
Lexical approach
15. The disposition to view the world as full of power relationships - measured by the F-scale (Fascism scale); - these individuals are either highly domineering (if top dog of situation) or submissive (as if they are in presence of a more powerfulfigure
Authoritarianism
Endomorph
Narcissism
Self-efficacy
16. Cognitive training against learned helplessness
Learned optimism
Androgynous
Idiographic approach
Cognitive prototype approach
17. Androgynous individuals have higher self-esteem - lower anxiety - more adaptability than their highly masculine or feminine counterparts
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Gender and depression
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
18. 1) dispositionist 2) situationist 3) interactionists
Personality
Mesomorph
3 personality theories
Barnum effect
19. Superfactors - 5 dimensions that encompass all of personality; superordinate traits or facets; O-dimension (openness to experience - intellectual curiosity) - C-dimension (conscientiousness) - E-dimension (extroversion - enthusiasm) - A-dimension (ag
Taxonomies
Twin studies
Phrenology
Big Five
20. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Ectomorph
Henry Murray
Julian Rotter
Self-awareness
21. Characterized by drive - competitiveness - aggressiveness - tension - hostility; found - most common in middle to upper class men
Personality
Self-handicapping
Type A personality
Phrenology
22. Emphasized idiographic approach to personality theory - as opposed to nomothetic; conscious motives governed by proprium or propriate function; lexical approach (5000 possible traits) - determined trait hierarchy of cardinal - central - secondary tra
Authoritarianism
Proprium or propriate function
Mesomorph
Gordon Allport
23. Studied Type A personality
Barnum effect
Narcissism
Personality tests (2 types)
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
24. People often make assumptions about the dispositions of an individual based on the actions of that person
Self-esteem
Implicit theories (personality)
trait
Type theory
25. Capture individual'S unique - defining characteristics
Idiographic approach
Phenomenological view (personality)
Type theory
Type A personality
26. Experience can change people'S personalities; after a series of events one feels helpless or out of control - negative or pessimistic explanatory style develops; gives up in general - exhibits helpless disposition; countered with learned optimism
Self-esteem
Idiographic approach
Authoritarianism
Learned helplessness
27. Ambiguous story cards - people project own 'needs'
Seymour Epstein
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Barnum effect
Learned optimism
28. Knowing you are worthwhile and in touch with strengths; 50% perceive selves accurately - 35% narcissistically
Phrenology
Trait hierarchy
Internal locus of control
Self-esteem
29. Suggested personality typology based on personal activity and social interest; ruling-dominant type (choleric; high-low) - getting-learning type (phlegmatic; low-high) - avoiding type (melancholic; low-low) - and socially useful type (sanguine; high-
Trait hierarchy
Fundamental attribution error
Alfred Adler (personality typology; +types)
Alice Eagly
30. Believing you are better than you are or look better than you do; unrealistic self-esteem
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Narcissism
Mesomorph
Idiographic approach
31. Possibility that a person may behave inconsistently - presents problems for labelling people as one internal disposition
Consistency paradox
Androgynous
Dispositional attribution
situationists
32. Linked Type A personality to heart disease and other health problems
interactionists
Abraham Maslow
Proprium or propriate function
Grant Dahlstrom
33. Practice of examining head and skull shape to discern personality
Personality tests (2 types)
Phrenology
Taxonomies
3 personality theories
34. A trait; how often one generally becomes self-aware; very - if you pay a lot of attention to your self
Type A personality
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
External locus of control
Self-consciousness
35. Women are twice as likely as men to become depressed
Gender and depression
Dispositional attribution
Type theory
Lexical approach
36. People who emphasize internal determinants of behavior
Sandra Bem
dispositionist
Kay Deaux
Androgynous
37. Self-defeating behaviour that allows one to dismiss or excuse failure
Self-handicapping
Barnum effect
Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin
Learned optimism
38. Belief that one can effectively perform a task
Self-efficacy
William Sheldon
Seymour Epstein and Walter Mischel
Sandra Bem
39. Generally make people more self-aware; small mirror - not so self-aware since its common - large mirror - very self-aware since we see a view of ourselves as others see us
Self-awareness
Authoritarianism
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Mirrors
40. At the top a cardinal trait (always consistent) - then central traits - then secondary traits (may conflict)
Mesomorph
Julian Rotter
situationists
Trait hierarchy
41. In the forefront -a combination of stable - internal factors and situations
Henry Murray
interactionists
Costa and McCrae
Taxonomies
42. women'S success at 'male' tasks attributed to luck - - while men'S success attributed to skill; Suggesting - gender is a social construct that colours interpretations; - women attribute successes to luck more than men indicating they have lower self-
Fundamental attribution error
Kay Deaux
Self-handicapping
Taxonomies
43. Sheldon - Somatotypes' short - plump means pleasure-seeking - social
Self-esteem
Endomorph
Stimulus-seeking individuals
Consistency paradox
44. Picking all possible traits out of dictionary
Bem Sex Role Inventory
Lexical approach
Implicit theories (personality)
Raymond Cattell
45. Personality characteristic - causes one to view events as outcome of own actions; too much breeds self-blame
Internal locus of control
Phenomenological view (personality)
George Kelley
Dispositional attribution
46. Only circumstances determine behavior
Nature-nurture debate in terms of personality
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
situationists
Personality tests (2 types)
47. Scrutiny of own behaviour - motivation to act appropriately rather than honestly - ability to mask true feelings
Seymour Epstein
Kay Deaux
Idiographic approach
Self-monitoring
48. Tendency to agree with and accept provided personality interpretations
Internal locus of control
Big Five
Barnum effect
Phenomenological view (personality)
49. Cognitive prototype approach
Walter Mischel and Nancy Cantor
Kay Deaux
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenmean
Type A personality
50. Personal constructs determine personality and behaviour
Narcissism
Kay Deaux
George Kelley
Cognitive prototype approach