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Health Fitness Specialist

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is ischemia?
An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body - esp. the heart muscles
Excess red blood cells often secondary to hypoxemia
Shortness of breath
When a motor unit is stimulated by a single nerve impusle

2. Consequences of low temperature
Dehydration - reduced coordination - chills - hypothermia - potentially frost-bite
Belt length (inches) x number of revolutions per minute 1 -056 (the conversion of inches per minute to miles per hour)
Amount of air leaving or entering with each breath - ranges from .5 to 4L
Chest/pec; midaxillary; abdominal; suprailiac; subscapular; triceps brachii; biceps brachii; thigh; calf

3. Angina pectoris that occurs at rest without a precipitating event?
Anterior (front) and posterior (back)
Ventricular muscle repolarization
Variant
Progressive increase in SBP - no change or slight decrease in DBP - and a widening of the pulse pressure.

4. Tort
A civil wrongdoing; negligence is failure to perform in a generally accepted standard
Negligence by omission
<40% mg/dL
Stroke volume is significantly increased during eccentric phase

5. The normal BP response to dynamic upright exercise is...
Progressive increase in SBP - no change or slight decrease in DBP - and a widening of the pulse pressure.
Anterior (front) and posterior (back)
70 mL
Chest/pec; midaxillary; abdominal; suprailiac; subscapular; triceps brachii; biceps brachii; thigh; calf

6. Carbs
Wrong that involves a breach of civil duty owed to someone else.
Papillary muscles
45 - 65% of daily energy intake; 70% for athletes; 4 cal/gram
Small veins - carry blood from capillaries to veins

7. Transtheoretical Model - Behavioral processes
An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body - esp. the heart muscles
1. counter conditioning 2. helping relationships 3. reinforcement management 4. self-liberation 5. stimulus control
Rotational movement at the radioulnar joint in a transverse plane around a longitudinal axis that results in the palm facing upward.
BMI greater than 30; waist circumference (m) > 102 cm; (f) > 88 cm; body fat: (m) >25%; (f) > 32%

8. Informed Consent
Enables clients to make informed decisions. Not a legal document. Provides detailed explanation of exercise program. Does not provide legal immunity. Negligence is not covered by informed consent.
Amount of air leaving or entering with each breath - ranges from .5 to 4L
Income minus commission - taxes - or other expenses related to income
Stroke volume is significantly increased during eccentric phase

9. The amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute is referred to as ?
Cardiac Output
Target Heart Rate = ((max HR − resting HR) A
Tachycardia - excessive sweating (diaphoresis) - light-headedness - visual disturbances
Bronchiole

10. Frank Starling Law
A pathologic or anatomic description marked by abnormal permanent enlargement of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli accompanied by destruction of the lung parenchyma.
Describes the relationship between end-diastolic volume and stroke volume. It states that the heart will pump out whatever volume is delivered to it. If the end-diastolic volume doubles then stroke volume will double.
Upper (superior) and lower (inferior)
Children sweat less because sweat rate and rate of sweat production for each gland are lower in children. They have same number of glands.

11. During long duration exercise of submaximal intensity (marathon running) - which type of muscle fibers are primarily recruited?
Pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels).
Type I
The pressure exerted during resting phase; healthy is <80; over 90 is hypertension
Abduction - eversion - and dorsiflexion

12. What is syncope?
Partial or complete loss of consciousness with interruption of awareness of oneself and ones surroundings.
Q = HR x SV - the amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute
Terminates in Purkinje fibers
Belt length (inches) x number of revolutions per minute 1 -056 (the conversion of inches per minute to miles per hour)

13. A possible mechanism by which chronic exercise training may reduce resting blood pressure in a person with hypertension is...
Rotational movement at the radioulnar joint in a transverse plane around a longitudinal axis that results in the palm facing upward.
A reduced heart rate
Dividing by 6.0
Turning the sole of the foot away from the midline (outward)

14. Commonly found abnormal curves in the sagittal plane?
Chest/pec; midaxillary; abdominal; suprailiac; subscapular; triceps brachii; biceps brachii; thigh; calf
Hyperkyphosis (exaggerated posterior thoracic curvature) and hyperlordosis (exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature).
The coordinated capacity of the heart - blood vessels - respiratory system - and tissue metabolic systems to take in - deliver - and use oxygen.
Arteriosclerosis

15. Q =
Chest/pec; midaxillary; abdominal; suprailiac; subscapular; triceps brachii; biceps brachii; thigh; calf
Originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node.
Q = HR x SV - the amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute
St segment depression

16. Muscle fibers
Ischemia
Type I = slow twitch and high oxidative Type IIB = fast twitch with low oxidative Type IIA = intermediate - with twitch and oxidative property - bridge between I and II Type IIx to Type IIA = from endurance and resistance training
Ventricular muscle repolarization
The amount of blood left in the ventricle right after ventricular contraction.

17. Diagonal skinfolds
Ischemia
Chest - suprailiac - subscapular; all other skinfolds are vertical
The point of attachment of a tendon to bone
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation: Tense/Relax method - often referred to as partner stretching.

18. A transient deficiency of blood flow to the myocardium resulting from an imbalance between oxygen demand and oxygen supply is known as?
Flecainide (Taborcor); Propafenone (Rythmol)
Ischemia
Day-to-day operational expenses (i.e. - medical and exercise supplies - stationary)
Deficient oxygenation of the blood

19. Myosin
Thick filament; part of contractile muscle
Thrombolytic agent's therapy
Is contractile heart movement - blood is leaving the heart
Contraindicated if fasting glucose is greater than 250 mg/dL with ketones or greater than 300 mg/dL w/o ketones

20. Lordosis
Dehydration - dizziness - syncope - heat exhaustion - or heat stroke
Arteriosclerosis
Curves of the cervical and lumbar regions. Considered secondary curves
Deficient oxygenation of the blood

21. Circumferences are used for...?
Q = HR x SV - the amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute
Acetone odor on breath - confusion - slurred speech
Circumferences are used to estimate body composition and provide specific reference to the distribution of fat in the body.
Is contractile heart movement - blood is leaving the heart

22. Convert kg . m . min(-1) to Watts by...
Dividing by 6.0
Force x Velocity
Specific type of negligence; involves claims against defined professional; usually claim a breach of professional duties and responsibilites toward a client; usually an injury has occurred and breach of duty came before injury
Downward phase: eccentric - flexion Upward phase: concentric - extension

23. What is Restrictive Lung Disease?
Has 29 bones
Belt length (inches) x number of revolutions per minute 1 -056 (the conversion of inches per minute to miles per hour)
Originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node.
A large group of disorders that restrict or reduce lung volume and tidal volume. Include loss of functioning of the alveoli-capillary unit (impairment in gas exchange) - altered mechanical function of the thorax and pulmonary system - and secondary c

24. What is Torsade de Pointes?

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25. Convert mph to meters/minute by...
Describes the relationship between end-diastolic volume and stroke volume. It states that the heart will pump out whatever volume is delivered to it. If the end-diastolic volume doubles then stroke volume will double.
Multiplying by 26.8
Type I
Ventricular muscle repolarization

26. Beta blockers
Decrease/lower heart rate
The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (mL blood/min).
The benefit of exercise outweighs the risk of testing
The loss of full control of bodily movements

27. Symptoms of hyperglycemia
12 and 16
Acetone odor on breath - confusion - slurred speech
Lidocaine - Mexiletine - Phenytoin - Tocainide
Amount of air leaving or entering with each breath - ranges from .5 to 4L

28. Underwater testing assumes....
Motor unit
The loss of force and power that is independent of neural drive.
....standard densities for bone - muscle - and fat.
The loss of full control of bodily movements

29. A classic sign of subendocardial ischemia is?
Fash-twitch glycolytic
Is dependent on exercise intensity; may exceed 200; terminate if over or equal to 260 or significant drop
Tachycardia - excessive sweating (diaphoresis) - light-headedness - visual disturbances
St segment depression

30. Children
The pressure exerted during resting phase; healthy is <80; over 90 is hypertension
Breaks the duty owed to someone
Lower stroke volume due to higher heart rate; resting HR and exercise HR are higher in children; are less efficient than adults at temperature regulation; poorer tolerance for exercise in heat
Involves performing rapid dynamic - bouncing - or jerking movements often done to simulate athletic movements. Not recommended for non-athletes.

31. When do Premature Ventricular Complexes occur?`
When a site in the ventricle fires before the next wave of depolarization from the sinus node reaches the ventricle
Describes the relationship between end-diastolic volume and stroke volume. It states that the heart will pump out whatever volume is delivered to it. If the end-diastolic volume doubles then stroke volume will double.
Dehydration - dizziness - syncope - heat exhaustion - or heat stroke
Chest - suprailiac - subscapular; all other skinfolds are vertical

32. Negligence
Breaks the duty owed to someone
Partial or complete loss of consciousness with interruption of awareness of oneself and ones surroundings.
Index of upper versus lower body fat dristribution. Waist circumference and hip circumference are measured then WHR is calculated using a standard nomogram.
10-15% of daily intake; .8 g/kg of body wt.; athletes may need 1.2 - 1.4 for endurance and 1.6-1.7 for strength; 4 cal/gram

33. The PR-Interval represents...
Contraindicated if fasting glucose is greater than 250 mg/dL with ketones or greater than 300 mg/dL w/o ketones
Amount of air leaving or entering with each breath - ranges from .5 to 4L
Atrioventricular node - His bundle - Purkinje fibers
A type of ventricular tachycardia in which the appearance of the complexes are somewhat 'twisted' - thus the name 'torsade.'

34. What is PNF Stretching?
Shortness of breath
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation: Tense/Relax method - often referred to as partner stretching.
Chest/pec; midaxillary; abdominal; suprailiac; subscapular; triceps brachii; biceps brachii; thigh; calf
Describes the relationship between end-diastolic volume and stroke volume. It states that the heart will pump out whatever volume is delivered to it. If the end-diastolic volume doubles then stroke volume will double.

35. The Frank Starling mechanism plays a vital role in determining ?
Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
COPD
Stroke volume
Acetone odor on breath - confusion - slurred speech

36. When do Premature Ventricular Complexes occur?`
Income that a company receives from its normal business
12 and 16
Destruction of the parenchyma
When a site in the ventricle fires before the next wave of depolarization from the sinus node reaches the ventricle

37. Define 'push-up'
Downward phase: eccentric - flexion Upward phase: concentric - extension
COPD
Attempt to forecast future profits for program based on potential revenue generation as well as predicted fixed and variable expenses
Dehydration - dizziness - syncope - heat exhaustion - or heat stroke

38. What is Bruce Protocol?
Treadmill test where grade and speed are increased at 3 minute intervals.
Type I
<40% mg/dL
A type of ventricular tachycardia in which the appearance of the complexes are somewhat 'twisted' - thus the name 'torsade.'

39. Blood flow from periphery
Circumferences are used to estimate body composition and provide specific reference to the distribution of fat in the body.
Ventricular muscle depolarization
Anterior (front) and posterior (back)
Superior and inferior venae cavae - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonic semilunar valve - pulmonary arteries - and lungs

40. Determining treadmill speed formula...
Belt length (inches) x number of revolutions per minute 1 -056 (the conversion of inches per minute to miles per hour)
A large group of disorders that restrict or reduce lung volume and tidal volume. Include loss of functioning of the alveoli-capillary unit (impairment in gas exchange) - altered mechanical function of the thorax and pulmonary system - and secondary c
12 and 16
Motor unit has more than one stimulus

41. Fixed expense
Bones of the skull - vertebral column - ribs - and sternum
Tachycardia - excessive sweating (diaphoresis) - light-headedness - visual disturbances
Dehydration - dizziness - syncope - heat exhaustion - or heat stroke
Are unchanged day to day - month to month

42. What is muscle fatigue?
Aerobic: 3-7 days/week; Intensity: 40 -70%; Time: 30-60 minutes; possible multiple bouts throughout the day. Avoid isometric - valsalva - and max efforts; high reps/low intensity is better; RPE = 13-15
The loss of force or power output in response to voluntary effort leading to reduced performance.
Lidocaine - Mexiletine - Phenytoin - Tocainide
Multiplying by 2.54

43. Three assessments for muscular endurance
Macrominerals
Is contractile heart movement - blood is leaving the heart
1. Bench Press 2. Push up 3. Curl-up
Carry blood toward the heart

44. What is perfusion?
Does not provide legal immunity
Macrominerals
Pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels).
Right and left portions

45. RICES
Rest - Ice - Compression - Elevation - Stabilization
Is dependent on exercise intensity; may exceed 200; terminate if over or equal to 260 or significant drop
Acetone odor on breath - confusion - slurred speech
Involves performing rapid dynamic - bouncing - or jerking movements often done to simulate athletic movements. Not recommended for non-athletes.

46. The increase in blood flow to skeletal muscles during exercise is mediated by three factors...
(1) an increase in cardiac output - (2) vasodilation of skeletal muscle arterioles - (3) vasoconstriction of arterioles in the viscera and skin.
Cardiac Output
Lower stroke volume due to higher heart rate; resting HR and exercise HR are higher in children; are less efficient than adults at temperature regulation; poorer tolerance for exercise in heat
Thick filament; part of contractile muscle

47. RICES
The amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute.
The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (mL blood/min).
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation: Tense/Relax method - often referred to as partner stretching.
Rest - Ice - Compression - Elevation - Stabilization

48. Five A's of counseling`
Scoliosis
Address agenda - assess - advise - assist - arrange follow up
Fash-twitch glycolytic
Dehydration - dizziness - syncope - heat exhaustion - or heat stroke

49. Informed consent
BMI greater than 30; waist circumference (m) > 102 cm; (f) > 88 cm; body fat: (m) >25%; (f) > 32%
Arteriosclerosis
Does not provide legal immunity
Contraindicated if fasting glucose is greater than 250 mg/dL with ketones or greater than 300 mg/dL w/o ketones

50. Obesity
Chest - suprailiac - subscapular; all other skinfolds are vertical
Setting a series of intermediate goals that lead to a long-term goal
Rotational movement at the radioulnar joint in a transverse plane about a longitudinal axis that results in the palm facing downward.
BMI greater than 30; waist circumference (m) > 102 cm; (f) > 88 cm; body fat: (m) >25%; (f) > 32%