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Test your basic knowledge |
Hemeonc
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What state is commonly associated with nonHod lymphoma
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
HIV or immunosupression
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
VWF carries/protects factor VIII
2. What is the Ddx for a normocytic - normochromic anemia?
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
Porphyrias
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
3. Widespread activation of clotting to a deficiency in clotting factors which causes a bleeding states
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
DIC
Malaria - Babesia
4. What are the etiologies of B12 def
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
Bite cells and Heinz bodies
Up - down - nl
5. What are dendritic cells called in the skin?
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
Chloride bicarb antiport system - - allows transport of C02 from periph to lungs
Langerhans cells
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
6. Causes of iron def?
Sideroblastic anemia
Inc
Plummer - vinson syndrome
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs
7. Which pathway and factors are tested in the PTT test
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
Plasma cell
Intrinsic - all factors except - VII - XIII
ADP and Ca
8. What activates the intrinsic pathway?
IFN gama
Folate/B12 - nonmegaoblastic anemias - liver dz - EtOH (non folate/B12) reticulocytosis - metabolic disorder - drugs
Glycine and succinyl - coa
Collagen - BM - activated platelets
9. What reveresible things can a sideroblastic anemia
Exposed collagen upon endothelial damage
Lead - and EtOH
Folate/B12 - nonmegaoblastic anemias - liver dz - EtOH (non folate/B12) reticulocytosis - metabolic disorder - drugs
Polycythemia vera
10. Deficiency in vWF
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11. What are the presenting symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria
Sheets of lymphocytes interspersed with macs
A antigen and B antibodies
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
12. What are the pro aggregation factors?
Beta thal
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
Howell Jolly bodies
Up - down - up
13. t(15;17)
Abciximab
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
Inappropriate absolute with inc RBCs and EPO
14. What are the main associations with multiple myeloma?
Bernard soulier
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)
Varying shapes
Megakaryocytes
15. Serum iron - transferrin - ferritin lab values for hemochromatosis
Up - down - up
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin
Hodgkin
Lysosomes
16. How are the nucleus and the cytoplasm characterized for lymphocytes
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
HIV or immunosupression
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
Round densly staining nucleus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm
17. Fava beans - sufla drugs - infectinos
Fc
HIV or immunosupression
Examples of oxidative stress
Lysosomes
18. What condition can result from treating AML M3 from the release of the Auer rods
Low in CML
DIC
Hodgkin
Lead - and EtOH
19. What is the receptor for vWF
Varying sizes
Decrease EPO
Round densly staining nucleus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm
Gp1b
20. Back pain - hemoglobinuria
Pyruvate kinase def - extravascular
Uroporphyrin (tea colored urine)
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
HyperCalcemia - Renal insuff - Anemia - Bone lytic lesions/Back pain
21. What does ADP do?
Inc UCB
Plasma cell
VIII
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
22. Plasma cell neoplasm
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Multiple myeloma
Blod - tissue - MACS
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
23. Which substrates begin the heme synthesis pathway
Glycine and succinyl - coa
20 to 40
Malaria - Babesia
Both alpha and beta thal
24. Is G6PD intravascular or extravascular
DIC - TTP- HUS - SLE malignant HTN - prostethic heart valves - aortic stenosis
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
Intravascular
25. dec ability to activate factors V and VIII - inc risk of thrombotic skin necrosis with hemorrhage following administration of warfarin
Protein C or S deficiency
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
Inappropriate absolute with inc RBCs and EPO
MAHA
26. Upregulated growth of leukocytes in bone marro
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Causes of DIC: Sepsis (gram neg) - Trauma - Obstetric complications - acute Pancreatitis - Malignancy - Nephrotic syndrome - Tranfusion
Inc RBC - dec O2 sat - inc EPO
Leukemia
27. What do auer rods stain with
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
Def in factor IX
Peroxidase
DNA synth impaired - maturation of nucleus delayed relative to maturation of cytoplasm
28. anti - Ig antibody added to patients RBCs;
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
2 to 10
HyperCalcemia - Renal insuff - Anemia - Bone lytic lesions/Back pain
Direct coombs - agglutinate if RBCs are coated with Ig
29. t(11:22)
Examples of oxidative stress
Ewing sarcoma
No platelet clumping
DIC - TTP/HUS - traumatic hemolysis
30. what proteins can be defective in HS?
Beta 4
Ankryin - band 4.1 or spectrin
Hodgkin
120 days
31. adults - auer rods - inc circulating myeblasts on peripheral smear
Extravascular hemolysis
IFN gama
AML
Ewing sarcoma
32. can be asymptomatic - often in older adults - peripheral blood lymphcytosis with smudge cells and warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
Indirect coombs - agglutinate if serum anti RBC surface Ig
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
Yes - via MHC II
33. Which factor does vWF carry/protect
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
Bernard soulier
Cold - seen in CLL - mycoplasma pneumoniae infections or infectious mononucleosis
VIII
34. inhibition of ferrochelatase and ALA dehydrogenase leading to dec heme synthesis - also inhibition of rRNA degradation
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
Imatinib - anti bcr abl
Complications of sickle cell anemia
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
35. Elderly - mature b cell tumor with filamentous - hairlike projections
Hairy cell leukemia
Mycosis fundgoides/Sezary syndrome
Ringed sideronblasts with iron laden mitochondria
Inactivates it
36. hypocellular bone marrown tih fatty infiltration
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
Aplastic anemia - pancytopenia
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
37. mother's antibodies attack fetal RBCs
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
T(9;22) bcr abl
Exposed collagen upon endothelial damage
Deoxygenated HbS polymerizes - low O2 or dehydration precipiates sickling - anemia and veno - occlusive disease
38. Why does B12 def cause neuro sx?
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Low in CML
Sideroblastic anemia
ADP and Ca
39. What is the pathogenesis of sickle cell
Deoxygenated HbS polymerizes - low O2 or dehydration precipiates sickling - anemia and veno - occlusive disease
Indirect coombs - agglutinate if serum anti RBC surface Ig
Intrinsic - all factors except - VII - XIII
Polycythemia vera
40. What is the purpose of the fibrin mesh
90% anearobically from glucose to lactate - 10% from HMP shunt
Schistocytes - inc fibrin split products (D- dimers) - dec fibrinogen - dec factors V and VIII
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
41. What is the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia with kidney disease
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
Imatinib - anti bcr abl
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
Decrease EPO
42. What is the main source of energy in RBCs
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
90% anearobically from glucose to lactate - 10% from HMP shunt
Inc lymphoctes - and less RS cells
8-10 days
43. What is the effect of ACE on bradykinin
DIC
AML
Inactivates it
Inc UCB
44. What is the treatment to prevent a woman from forming anti Rh antibody?
Rhogam - Rh antigen immunoglobulin
PGI2 - NO inc blood flow - dec platelet aggregation
Fe def - thal - pb poison - sideroblastic anemia
40 to 50
45. When do you see MAHA?
Plasma cell
DIC - TTP- HUS - SLE malignant HTN - prostethic heart valves - aortic stenosis
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
46. universal recipient
AB - no antibodies
Porphobilinogen deaminase aka uroporphyrinogen I synthase
Easy gas exchange
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
47. Basophilic nuclear remnants fonud in RBCs
Varying shapes
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
48. RBCs damagaed from passing through obstructed - narrowed vessel lumina
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
MAHA
T(9;22) bcr abl
Birbeck granules
49. S-100 and CD1a with birbeck granules
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs
Howell Jolly bodies
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
50. X linked defect in delta aminolevulinic acid synthase gene causes a defect in hemesynthesis
Sideroblastic anemia
Easy gas exchange
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Burkitt lymphoma