Test your basic knowledge |

Hemeonc

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the neuro sx of B12 def?
Positive osmootic fragility test and splenectomy
Sideroblastic anemia
Inc lymphoctes - and less RS cells
Peripheral neuropathy - posterior columns (vibration/proprioception) - lateral corticospinal (spasticity) - dementia

2. What happens in beta thal major?
Protein S - cleaves and invactivates Va and VIIIa
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Burkitt lymphoma
Beta chain absent - homozgote - severe anemia requiring blood transfusion - secondary hemochromatosis

3. CD5+ - poor prognosis - t(11;14)
Mantle cell - older males
DIC
Schistocytes - inc fibrin split products (D- dimers) - dec fibrinogen - dec factors V and VIII
Multiple - peripheral nodes - extranodal involvement - noncontiguous spread

4. What do they express on their surface?
Protein C or S deficiency
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
Up - down - nl
MHC II and Fc receptors

5. What is contained within the azurophilic granules of PMNs
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
Lymphoma
They bind vWF via GpIb

6. Defect in proteins interacting with RBC membrane skeleton and plasma membrane
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
Hereditary spherocytosis
20 to 40
Prothrombin gene mutation

7. Which drugs can cause macrocytic anemia?
DIC
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
120 days
No lytic bone lesions in WM

8. t(15;17)
Hereditary spherocytosis - autoimmune hemolysis
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
B12 def
Factor V Leiden

9. iron deficiency anemia - esophageal web - atrophic glossitis
Plummer - vinson syndrome
Causes of DIC: Sepsis (gram neg) - Trauma - Obstetric complications - acute Pancreatitis - Malignancy - Nephrotic syndrome - Tranfusion
CD15 and CD30 pos
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs

10. What do the dense granules contain in platelets
Inappropriate absolute with inc RBCs and EPO
Porphyrias
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
ADP and Ca

11. What are the likely exposures of kids and adults for lead poisoning
Schistocytes and inc LDH
B6 therapy (pyrodixine)
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
Nodular sclerosing

12. Drug that inhibits COX and therefore TXA2 synthesis
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Aspirin
Ringed sideronblasts with iron laden mitochondria

13. What do the platelets bind? What is the step called
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
Pyruvate kinase def - extravascular
They bind vWF via GpIb
Induces differentiation of myeloblasts

14. After an injury - What does vWF bind to begin platelet plug formation?
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
Antigen - antibody
Exposed collagen upon endothelial damage
Histaminase and arylsulfatase

15. What is appropriate absolute polycythemia
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Inc RBC - dec O2 sat - inc EPO
Uroporphyrin (tea colored urine)
Sideroblastic anemia

16. What is the tx for aplastic anemia
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Neoplastic - asthma - allergic processes - collagen vacsular disease - parasites
Dendritic cells?
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)

17. inc WBC count with left shift - inc leukocyte alkaline phosphatase - often due to infection
Hairy cell leukemia
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
Leukemoid reaction
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant

18. abnormal clone of hematopoetic stem cells are increasingly sensitive to growth factors - inc RBC - JAK2 mut
Fibrinogen
1 to 6
Beta chain absent - homozgote - severe anemia requiring blood transfusion - secondary hemochromatosis
Polycythemia vera

19. Where are 1/3 of platelets stored
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
Birbeck granules
Spleen

20. S-100 and CD1a with birbeck granules
Extravascular
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
8-10 days

21. Where do you see hypersegmented polys?
Varying sizes
CML
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
B12/folate def

22. drug that inhibits ADP induced expression of GpIIb/IIIa
Lung disease - congenital heart diseaes - and high altitude
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
Fibrinogen bind GpIIb/IIIa and links platelts
IFN gama

23. What condition can result from treating AML M3 from the release of the Auer rods
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
Petechiae
Inc large vWF multimers - inc platelet aggregation and thrombosis
DIC

24. What does plasmin do?
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Both alpha and beta thal
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a

25. What do platelets release necessary for coagulation cascaed?
Hodgkin
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
ADP and Ca
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling

26. inc LDH - jaundice
Extravascular hemolysis
Intrinsic - all factors except - VII - XIII
Dec
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect

27. What substance prevents mast cells degranulation?
Cromolyn sodium
Up - down - nl
VWF carries/protects factor VIII
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia

28. Why does B12 def cause neuro sx?
AML
VWF and fibrinogen
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration

29. Wilm's tumor - RCC - HCC - hydronephrosis
40 to 75
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)
Polycythemia vera with inc plasma volume - inc RBCs - inc EPO
Sickle cell anemia

30. What are the presenting symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria
CML to AML or All
Megaloblastic anemia (also hypersegmented PMNs - marrow failure)
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
Yes - via MHC II

31. What is the clinical picture of hemophilia A or B
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
HbC disease - Asplenia - Liver disease - thalassemia - 'HALT the hunter said to his target'
Dec platelet survival and inc megakaryocytes - thrombocytopenia and inc BT

32. X linked - dec glutathione inc RBC susceptibility to oxidative stress
Aplastic anemia - pancytopenia
Multiple myeloma
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
G6PD

33. What do the iron studies show in sideroblastic anemia
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin

34. Megakaryocytosis
Essential thrombocytosis
Bone marrow - thymus - blood (80% of circulating lymphos are T)
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
TPA - cleavage of fibrin mesh

35. What is the ddx for aplastic anemia

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

36. What is their role?
TPA - cleavage of fibrin mesh
Inducers of primary antibody response
Her next Rh+ fetus
Sickle cell

37. What do labs show in ITP?
Howell Jolly bodies
Incactivates II - VII - IX - X - XI - XII
Dec platelet survival and inc megakaryocytes - thrombocytopenia and inc BT
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60

38. Eosinophils are highly phagocytic For what kind of complex?
DDAVP (desmopressin) which releases stored vWF stored in endothelium
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
Antigen - antibody
Fibrinogen bind GpIIb/IIIa and links platelts

39. What do you see on peripheral smear with sideroblastic anemia
Plummer - vinson syndrome
Ringed sideronblasts with iron laden mitochondria
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
Low O2 in papilla; can also get microhematuria from medullary infarcts

40. What is the characteristic histologic finding in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Low in CML
Eleveated PT - PTT
Reed - sternberg cells
Dec platelet survival and inc megakaryocytes - thrombocytopenia and inc BT

41. What are the etiologies of B12 def
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
ADP and Ca
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
Schistocytes - inc fibrin split products (D- dimers) - dec fibrinogen - dec factors V and VIII

42. dec haptoglobin - inc LDH - hemoglobin in urine (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - mechanical destruction as in aortic stenosis or a prosthetic valve
Intravascular hemolysis
Kidney - Gi - microcytic anemai in both - kids = mental retardation and adults = headache - memory loss - demyelination
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
B cells

43. What virus is associated with Burkitt lymphoma
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
B cells
EBV
Direct coombs - agglutinate if RBCs are coated with Ig

44. Which pathway and factorrs are tested by the PT coag test
20 to 40
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
Extrinsic - I - II - V - VII and X
Hairy cell leukemia

45. What does LEAD stand for in lead poisoning?
Folate def
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Lead lines on gingivae and epiphyses of long bones on xray - Encephalopathy and Erythrocyte basophilic stippling - Abdominal colic and Anemia - Drops - wrist and foot drop -
120 days

46. What is relative polycythemia
Dec plasma volume
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
HIV or immunosupression

47. What reveresible things can a sideroblastic anemia
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
Lead - and EtOH
Essential thrombocytosis
VWD

48. What are the presenting symptoms of porphyria cutanea tarda
Eleveated PT - PTT
Inc HbF and dec HbS
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
HbSS

49. When do you see MAHA?
Ringed sideronblasts with iron laden mitochondria
Langerhans cells
All trans retinoic acid
DIC - TTP- HUS - SLE malignant HTN - prostethic heart valves - aortic stenosis

50. What do plasma cells do
HIV or immunosupression
Produce antibody - lots of RER and golgi
VWF and fibrinogen
G6PD