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Test your basic knowledge |
Hemeonc
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does antithrombin do and What activates it?
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
Inhibits thrombin - ixa - xa - xiia - and activated by heparin
Inc RBC - dec O2 sat - inc EPO
EBV
2. What does STOP Making New Thrombi stand for
Inducers of primary antibody response
CML
Causes of DIC: Sepsis (gram neg) - Trauma - Obstetric complications - acute Pancreatitis - Malignancy - Nephrotic syndrome - Tranfusion
No
3. Which factor does vWF carry/protect
MAHA
Antigen - antibody
VIII
Inactivates it
4. What happens in betal thal minor?
Deficiency in factor VIII
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
Sickle cell anemia
Glucose and heme - which inhibit ALA synthase
5. Defect in platelet to platelet adhesion - receptor - disorder - platelet count and bleeding time
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6. lymphoid neoplasms with widespread involvement of bone marrow - tumor cells usually foind in peripheral blood
Leukemia
HbC disease - Asplenia - Liver disease - thalassemia - 'HALT the hunter said to his target'
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
Multiple myeloma
7. What is the life span of a normal RBC
Ferrocheletase and ALA dehydrogenase
Easy gas exchange
Protoporphyrin
120 days
8. hypocellular bone marrown tih fatty infiltration
Antigen - antibody
Aplastic anemia - pancytopenia
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
Spleen
9. How does vWD cause elevated PTT?
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
VWF carries/protects factor VIII
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Polycythemia vera
10. What CD molecules are on RS cells
Peroxidase
All
Malaria - Babesia
CD15 and CD30 pos
11. Deficiency in GpIb
Inc UCB
Ankryin - band 4.1 or spectrin
Bernard soulier
8-10 days
12. How are plasma cells characterized?
Extrinsic - I - II - V - VII and X
HIV or immunosupression
Nodular sclerosing
Off center nuclues - clock face chromatin
13. Widespread activation of clotting to a deficiency in clotting factors which causes a bleeding states
Malaria - Babesia
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
DIC
14. Bite cell
Lead - and EtOH
Lead poisoning - rRNA causes aggregration of ribosomes and basophilic stippling
G6PD
CNS and testis
15. How does the therapy for M3 vairant work?
Ewing sarcoma
Examples of oxidative stress
Sheets of lymphocytes interspersed with macs
Induces differentiation of myeloblasts
16. What is the affected enzyme in lead poisoning
TAIL - thalassemias - anemia of chronic disease - iron def - lead poisoning
Reed - sternberg cells
Ferrocheletase and ALA dehydrogenase
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
17. What is the activation stage of platelet plug formation?
Ringed sideronblasts with iron laden mitochondria
IFN gama
Round densly staining nucleus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
18. Basophilica stippling
Parvovirus
TAIL - thalassemias - anemia of chronic disease - iron def - lead poisoning
Polycythemia vera with inc plasma volume - inc RBCs - inc EPO
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
19. Oxidation of iron - denatured hemoglobin preceipitation damage to RBC membrane - formation of bite cells
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Blod - tissue - MACS
Sideroblastic anemia
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
20. What are some causes of warm agglutinin autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
PGI2 - NO inc blood flow - dec platelet aggregation
Essential thrombocytosis
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
Hairy cell leukemia
21. What is appropriate absolyte polycythemia associated with
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Lung disease - congenital heart diseaes - and high altitude
Up - down - up
Hodgkin
22. Where are monocytes typically found - where do they go - and What do the differentiate into?
Blod - tissue - MACS
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
40 to 50
23. Who are the professional APCs?
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
Dendritic cells?
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
Hereditary elloptocytosis
24. Which enzyme converts vit k to activated vit k - and what substance inhibits this enzyme
40 to 75
Inc vasodiltion - inc perm - inc pain
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
CD15 and CD30 pos
25. Which pathway and factorrs are tested by the PT coag test
Protoporphyrin
Blood
Nl - up - nl
Extrinsic - I - II - V - VII and X
26. Where are mast cells found
Tissue
Plasma cell
Valine for glutamate
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)
27. What symptoms are associated with Hodgkin lymphoma
Inc HbF and dec HbS
ADP and Ca
CML to AML or All
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
28. What are the main associations with multiple myeloma?
Hb Barts - gamma4 in defect in all 4 alpha genes
Factor V Leiden
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)
Gp1b
29. What is the purpose of the fibrin mesh
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
Anti Rh
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
30. What is a blast crisis
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
CML to AML or All
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
B antigena and A antibodes
31. Drug that inhibits COX and therefore TXA2 synthesis
Inc vasodiltion - inc perm - inc pain
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
Orotic aciduria
Aspirin
32. What is the pathogenesis of ACD?
Inflammation leads to inc hepcidin causing a dec in release from iron from macs: dec serum fe - dec TIBC - inc ferritin
90% anearobically from glucose to lactate - 10% from HMP shunt
Aplastic anemia - pancytopenia
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
33. What cell is primarily involved in non Hod lymph
Mycosis fundgoides/Sezary syndrome
Inducers of primary antibody response
B cells
Cold - seen in CLL - mycoplasma pneumoniae infections or infectious mononucleosis
34. Causes of iron def?
Fe def - thal - pb poison - sideroblastic anemia
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
Burkitt lymphoma
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs
35. What is the receptor for vWF
ADP and Ca
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Tissue
Gp1b
36. Who has more severe disease - HbSS or HbSC
Leukemia
Decrease EPO
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
HbSS
37. Elliptocyte
Inc bleeding time - microhemorrhage: mucuous membrane bleeding - epitaxis - petechiae - purpura - possible thrombocytopenia
Hereditary elloptocytosis
No lytic bone lesions in WM
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
38. Impaired synthesis of DAF leading to inc complement mediated desctruction of RBCs via the GPI ancho
Essential thrombocytosis
Intravascular
B12 def
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
39. What does decreasing heme do to ALA synthase activity?
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Africa = Jaw lesion - US = pelvis or abdomen
Inc
40. Serum iron - transferrin - ferritin lab values for iron def anemia
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
Plasma cell
Factor V Leiden
Down - up - down
41. What do the platelets bind? What is the step called
VWF and fibrinogen
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
They bind vWF via GpIb
Folate def
42. Deficiency in GpIIb/IIIa
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43. drug that inhibits ADP induced expression of GpIIb/IIIa
Multiple myeloma
Hodgkin
Glucose and heme - which inhibit ALA synthase
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
44. What does the large SA:volume ratio in RBCs help facilitate?
Easy gas exchange
HbSS
2 to 10
Hereditary spherocytosis - autoimmune hemolysis
45. Which maternal antibodies cross the placenta - anti A/B or anti Rh
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Anti Rh
MHC II and Fc receptors
46. Where do B cells arise from - mature - and migrate to...
HyperCalcemia - Renal insuff - Anemia - Bone lytic lesions/Back pain
Marrow - marrow - follicles of lymph nodes - white pulp of spleen (unencapsulated lymphoid tissue)
B12/folate def
Sideroblastic anemia
47. Which infections can cause MAHA?
Mantle cell - older males
Helminth infections major basic protein
Malaria - Babesia
Bite cells and Heinz bodies
48. What reveresible things can a sideroblastic anemia
Lead - and EtOH
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
Diffuse Large b cell lymphoma
49. dec ability to activate factors V and VIII - inc risk of thrombotic skin necrosis with hemorrhage following administration of warfarin
Intravascular hemolysis
Inc
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Protein C or S deficiency
50. What is the difference of presentation of Burkitt in Africa vs the United States
Direct coombs - agglutinate if RBCs are coated with Ig
Lead lines on gingivae and epiphyses of long bones on xray - Encephalopathy and Erythrocyte basophilic stippling - Abdominal colic and Anemia - Drops - wrist and foot drop -
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
Africa = Jaw lesion - US = pelvis or abdomen