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Test your basic knowledge |
Hemeonc
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ringed sideroblasts
Sideroblastic anemia
40 to 75
Inactivates it
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
2. Fibrotic obliteration of bone marow with teardrop cells
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3. What does NAACP stand for - in regards to the causes of eosinophiia?
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
Low O2 in papilla; can also get microhematuria from medullary infarcts
Neoplastic - asthma - allergic processes - collagen vacsular disease - parasites
4. Macro - ovalocyte
Polycythemia vera with inc plasma volume - inc RBCs - inc EPO
Megaloblastic anemia (also hypersegmented PMNs - marrow failure)
Nodular sclerosing
Lead - and EtOH
5. Elliptocyte
Orotic aciduria
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Inc UCB
Hereditary elloptocytosis
6. Elderly - mature b cell tumor with filamentous - hairlike projections
Hairy cell leukemia
CNS and testis
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
7. Bone pain plus anemia
Mantle cell - older males
Multiple myeloma
Extrinsic - I - II - V - VII and X
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
8. Where does All spread
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
CNS and testis
Schistocytes and inc LDH
9. HTLV-1
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
Down - up - down
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
10. X linked defect in delta aminolevulinic acid synthase gene causes a defect in hemesynthesis
MGUS - monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
Sideroblastic anemia
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
11. What is the defect in beta thal?
Beta 4
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Inc suscept to infxn - primary amyloidosis - punched out lytic bone lesions - M spike - Ig light chains in urine - Rouleaud formations (stacked RBCs)
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
12. How is beta thal minor dx
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
Inc HbA2 on electrophoresis
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
DDAVP (desmopressin) which releases stored vWF stored in endothelium
13. What is appropriate absolyte polycythemia associated with
Birbeck granules
All
ADP and Ca
Lung disease - congenital heart diseaes - and high altitude
14. anisocytosis
Varying shapes
Dec synthesis of factors 1972 - protein C/S
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
Varying sizes
15. Tdt+ - CAllA+ - kids in the marrow - adolescent males with mediastinal mass
Intrinsic - all factors except - VII - XIII
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
Spleen
All
16. What activates protein C and What does activated protein C do?
Inc large vWF multimers - inc platelet aggregation and thrombosis
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
Protein S - cleaves and invactivates Va and VIIIa
Helminth infections major basic protein
17. What is makes a leukemia acute
Blasts > 5%
Bone marrow infiltration - myelofibrosis
Inactivates it
DIC - TTP/HUS - traumatic hemolysis
18. What is hemophiliia A
VWF and fibrinogen
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
Blod - tissue - MACS
Deficiency in factor VIII
19. What do plasma cells do
Produce antibody - lots of RER and golgi
Sickle cell anemia
Birbeck granules
Yes - via MHC II
20. What is factor V leidin?
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21. What indicated a good prognosis in Hodgkin lymphoma?
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
All trans retinoic acid
Inc lymphoctes - and less RS cells
AB - no antibodies
22. dec ability to activate factors V and VIII - inc risk of thrombotic skin necrosis with hemorrhage following administration of warfarin
No platelet clumping
Lysine for glutamate at position 6
Protein C or S deficiency
Positive osmootic fragility test and splenectomy
23. What do the labs show for TTP?
Schistocytes and inc LDH
No platelet clumping
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
Hereditary elloptocytosis
24. What portion of IgE can mast cells bind
Fc
Sickle cell anemia
Malaria - Babesia
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
25. Widespread activation of clotting to a deficiency in clotting factors which causes a bleeding states
DIC
Hodgkin
Complications of sickle cell anemia
Anemia of chronic disease - Aplastic anemia - kidney disease
26. Who are the professional APCs?
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
Dendritic cells?
Radiation/drugs - viral agents - fanconi's anemia - idiopathic may follow acute hepatitis
IFN gama
27. Defect in platelet to collagen adhesion - receptor - disorder - platelet count and BT
Gp1b - bernard - soulier - dec platelets (giant platelets not counted) - inc BT
Intravascular hemolysis
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
ADP and Ca
28. What distinguishes multiple myeloma fromk Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia?
No lytic bone lesions in WM
Bernard soulier
Mantle cell - older males
Factor V Leiden
29. What is the ddx for aplastic anemia
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30. Where do you see hypersegmented polys?
Dec plasma volume
Porphobilinogen deaminase aka uroporphyrinogen I synthase
B12/folate def
IgG - Warm is GREAT
31. Teardrop cell
Polycythemia vera with inc plasma volume - inc RBCs - inc EPO
Inc UCB
Bone marrow infiltration - myelofibrosis
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
32. What are the variants of the RS cells
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
DIC
33. Plasma cell neoplasm
Multiple myeloma
VIII
B6 therapy (pyrodixine)
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
34. What is the mutation in HbC
Sideroblastic anemia
Inactivates it
120 days
Lysine for glutamate at position 6
35. Where are 1/3 of platelets stored
Mantle cell lymphoma
Spleen
MHC II and Fc receptors
Aplastic anemia - pancytopenia
36. What is the aggregation phase of ppf?
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
Valine for glutamate
Fibrinogen bind GpIIb/IIIa and links platelts
Beta chain absent - homozgote - severe anemia requiring blood transfusion - secondary hemochromatosis
37. Which drugs can cause macrocytic anemia?
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
90% anearobically from glucose to lactate - 10% from HMP shunt
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
38. What is the age group most commonly affected by multiple myeloma
Decrease EPO
120 days
GpIIb/IIIa
40 to 50
39. What are the azuraphilic granules in PMNs
Lysosomes
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
120 days
Intravascular hemolysis
40. What do platelets interact with to form a hemostatic plug
Africa = Jaw lesion - US = pelvis or abdomen
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
Fibrinogen
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
41. What is the Ddx for for a macrocytic anemia
Folate/B12 - nonmegaoblastic anemias - liver dz - EtOH (non folate/B12) reticulocytosis - metabolic disorder - drugs
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
Intrinsic - all factors except - VII - XIII
42. Target cell
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43. hypersegmented PMNs - glossitis - dec folate - inc homocysteine - nl methylmalonic acid
Nl - up - nl
AB - no antibodies
Beta thal
Folate def
44. What level of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is expected in CML versus leukemoid reaction
DIC - TTP- HUS - SLE malignant HTN - prostethic heart valves - aortic stenosis
Low in CML
HbC disease - Asplenia - Liver disease - thalassemia - 'HALT the hunter said to his target'
Extravascular hemolysis
45. What do the iron studies show in sideroblastic anemia
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
ATIII def
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin
WBC diff highest to lowest: neutrophils - lymphocytes - monocytes - eosinophils - basophils
46. What does LEAD stand for in lead poisoning?
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Spleen
Sickle cell
Lead lines on gingivae and epiphyses of long bones on xray - Encephalopathy and Erythrocyte basophilic stippling - Abdominal colic and Anemia - Drops - wrist and foot drop -
47. What is the main source of energy in RBCs
Gp1b
Hairy cell leukemia
40 to 50
90% anearobically from glucose to lactate - 10% from HMP shunt
48. What substance accumulates in porphyria cutanea
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
Sideroblastic anemia
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
Uroporphyrin (tea colored urine)
49. What is the accumulated substance in lead poisoning
Inactivates it
Dec
Protoporphyrin (blood)
VIII
50. universal donor
No antigen - both antibodies
Sideroblastic anemia
Schistocytes and inc LDH
Essential thrombocytosis
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