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Hemeonc
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Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. what proteins can be defective in HS?
Pos
DIC
Ankryin - band 4.1 or spectrin
GpIIb/IIIa
2. Spherocyte
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
B12 def
Schistocytes - inc fibrin split products (D- dimers) - dec fibrinogen - dec factors V and VIII
Hereditary spherocytosis - autoimmune hemolysis
3. Basophilic nuclear remnants fonud in RBCs
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
Intravascular
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
4. What is the age breakdown for hodgkins
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP)
40 to 75
5. Causes of iron def?
Sheets of lymphocytes interspersed with macs
Fe def - thal - pb poison - sideroblastic anemia
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs
Lung disease - congenital heart diseaes - and high altitude
6. What signal activates MACS
IFN gama
DIC
Pos
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
7. What is the presenting scenario for TTP?
PENTAD: neurologic sx - renal sx - fever - thrombocytopenia - MAHA
Examples of oxidative stress
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
G6PD
8. Drug that inhibits COX and therefore TXA2 synthesis
Aspirin
Folate def
Langerhans cells
Petechiae
9. What does NAACP stand for - in regards to the causes of eosinophiia?
Neoplastic - asthma - allergic processes - collagen vacsular disease - parasites
Helminth infections major basic protein
Abciximab
AML
10. Which factor does vWF carry/protect
VIII
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Ankryin - band 4.1 or spectrin
11. What percentage of WBCs are eosinophils?
Inc vasodiltion - inc perm - inc pain
1 to 6
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
Bone marrow - thymus - blood (80% of circulating lymphos are T)
12. What is the Ddx for for a macrocytic anemia
Round densly staining nucleus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm
Folate/B12 - nonmegaoblastic anemias - liver dz - EtOH (non folate/B12) reticulocytosis - metabolic disorder - drugs
Lead lines on gingivae and epiphyses of long bones on xray - Encephalopathy and Erythrocyte basophilic stippling - Abdominal colic and Anemia - Drops - wrist and foot drop -
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
13. What do they express on their surface?
MHC II and Fc receptors
Examples of oxidative stress
Schistocytes and inc LDH
Glanzmann's throbmasthenia
14. Tdt+ - CAllA+ - kids in the marrow - adolescent males with mediastinal mass
Leukemia
All
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
Sickle cell anemia
15. Why does B12 def cause neuro sx?
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
Down - up - down
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
16. can be asymptomatic - often in older adults - peripheral blood lymphcytosis with smudge cells and warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
HIV or immunosupression
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
No antigen - both antibodies
17. Does CML have a JAK2 mut
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
No
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
Prothrombin gene mutation
18. Serum iron - transferrin - ferritin lab values for lead poisoning anemia
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
Factor V Leiden
Up - down - nl
MAHA
19. What is the activation stage of platelet plug formation?
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
VWD
Intravascular hemolysis
20. What happens in betal thal minor?
Anti Rh
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
Megakaryocytes
Mantle cell lymphoma
21. Acanthocyte (spur cell)
Plummer - vinson syndrome
IFN gama
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
Contiguous
22. What activates the fibrinolytic pathway?
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Marrow - marrow - follicles of lymph nodes - white pulp of spleen (unencapsulated lymphoid tissue)
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
XIIa activates kallikrein - which activates plasmin (and converts HMWK to bradykinin
23. HTLV-1
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
Bone marrow infiltration - myelofibrosis
B cells
They bind vWF via GpIb
24. Where do B cells arise from - mature - and migrate to...
Marrow - marrow - follicles of lymph nodes - white pulp of spleen (unencapsulated lymphoid tissue)
Histamine - heparin - and eosinohil chemotactic factors
Up - down - up
Beta chain absent - homozgote - severe anemia requiring blood transfusion - secondary hemochromatosis
25. What vitamin is a cofactor for the first step of heme synthesis
Chloride bicarb antiport system - - allows transport of C02 from periph to lungs
B6
WBC diff highest to lowest: neutrophils - lymphocytes - monocytes - eosinophils - basophils
Plasma cell
26. What does STOP Making New Thrombi stand for
Schistocytes - inc fibrin split products (D- dimers) - dec fibrinogen - dec factors V and VIII
Causes of DIC: Sepsis (gram neg) - Trauma - Obstetric complications - acute Pancreatitis - Malignancy - Nephrotic syndrome - Tranfusion
MHC II and Fc receptors
Beta thal
27. Production of mutant factor V that cannot by degraded by protein C - most common cause of inherited hypercoaguability
Leukemia
Mycosis fundgoides/Sezary syndrome
Factor V Leiden
DIC
28. What is the affected enzyme in lead poisoning
Ferrocheletase and ALA dehydrogenase
Porphyrias
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Intravascular
29. What do eosinophils defend against and What do they use to do it?
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
Porphobilinogen deaminase aka uroporphyrinogen I synthase
Helminth infections major basic protein
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
30. What are dendritic cells called in the skin?
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
Langerhans cells
DIC - TTP/HUS - traumatic hemolysis
31. What are the presenting symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria
Glycine and succinyl - coa
Lysine for glutamate at position 6
Painful abdomen (also in lead poisoning) - red wine colored urine - polyneuropathy - psychological distrubances - precipated by drugs -
Pos
32. What percentage if WBCs are polys?
Hereditary spherocytosis - G6PD - sickle cell
T(9;22) bcr abl
40 to 75
DNA synth impaired - maturation of nucleus delayed relative to maturation of cytoplasm
33. What cell is primarily involved in non Hod lymph
Abciximab
TXA2 - dec blood flow - inc platelet aggregation
B cells
Intravascular hemolysis
34. What are the etiologies of folate def
They bind vWF via GpIb
Malnutrition - malabsoprtion - impaired metabolism - inc requirement as in an hemolytic anemia or pregnancy
Plasma cell
Folate def
35. What virus is associated with Burkitt lymphoma
Intravascular
Parvovirus
IgG - Warm is GREAT
EBV
36. What are some classic examples of extravascular hemolysis
IFN gama
Hereditary spherocytosis - G6PD - sickle cell
Histamine - heparin - and eosinohil chemotactic factors
Birbeck granules
37. dec haptoglobin - inc LDH - hemoglobin in urine (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - mechanical destruction as in aortic stenosis or a prosthetic valve
Hb Barts - gamma4 in defect in all 4 alpha genes
Up - down - nl
Intravascular hemolysis
Multiple - peripheral nodes - extranodal involvement - noncontiguous spread
38. inc WBC count with left shift - inc leukocyte alkaline phosphatase - often due to infection
Fe def - thal - pb poison - sideroblastic anemia
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
CD15 and CD30 pos
Leukemoid reaction
39. What is the tx for sickle cell
Protein C or S deficiency
Hydroxyurea - bone marrow transplant
B antigena and A antibodes
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
40. Macro - ovalocyte
Inc UCB
Fe def - thal - pb poison - sideroblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia (also hypersegmented PMNs - marrow failure)
DDAVP (desmopressin) which releases stored vWF stored in endothelium
41. adults - auer rods - inc circulating myeblasts on peripheral smear
AML
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
Yes - via MHC II
Multiple - peripheral nodes - extranodal involvement - noncontiguous spread
42. Inherited deficiency of antithrombin; reduced inc in PTT after administration of heparin
Collagen - BM - activated platelets
ATIII def
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
43. What are the likely exposures of kids and adults for lead poisoning
Alpha thal - asian and african american
Porphobilinogen - delta ALA - uroporphyrin
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
Abciximab
44. What is the receptor for vWF
Examples of oxidative stress
Varying sizes
Inc bleeding time - microhemorrhage: mucuous membrane bleeding - epitaxis - petechiae - purpura - possible thrombocytopenia
Gp1b
45. What is the result of thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction?
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
Sideroblastic anemia
Petechiae
No antigen - both antibodies
46. What are some causes of warm agglutinin autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
Peroxidase
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
Protein S - cleaves and invactivates Va and VIIIa
EBV
47. t(11:22)
EBV
Dec
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
Ewing sarcoma
48. Basophilica stippling
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
CD15 and CD30 pos
TAIL - thalassemias - anemia of chronic disease - iron def - lead poisoning
Down - down - up
49. mother's antibodies attack fetal RBCs
Sickle cell anemia
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
Off center nuclues - clock face chromatin
5- FU - AZT - hydroxyurea
50. What does ADP do?
Examples of oxidative stress
All < 15 - AML = median onset around 60 - CML = 30 to 60 - and CLL > 60
Histamine - heparin - and eosinohil chemotactic factors
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
Sorry!:) No result found.
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