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Hemeonc
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Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the result of thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction?
Petechiae
Protoporphyrin (blood)
Cromolyn sodium
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
2. anti - Ig antibody added to patients RBCs;
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
Dendritic cells?
Direct coombs - agglutinate if RBCs are coated with Ig
Decrease EPO
3. What are the two substances produced by eosinophils help limit the reaction following mast cell degranulation?
Histaminase and arylsulfatase
VWF and fibrinogen
Lead - and EtOH
B12/folate def
4. Which immunoglobulin is involved in warm agglutination?
Bleeding - malnutrition/absorption - inc demand pregs
Protoporphyrin
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
IgG - Warm is GREAT
5. What is the mutation in HbS
Up - down - up
Anti Rh
Valine for glutamate
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
6. What chromosomal translocation is associated with a better prognosis in All
T(12;21)
Dec plasma volume
DIC - TTP/HUS - traumatic hemolysis
B12 def
7. What is the characteristic histologic finding in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Leukemia
Reed - sternberg cells
Folate def
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
8. Which substrates begin the heme synthesis pathway
Beta thal
Ferrocheletase and ALA dehydrogenase
Folate def
Glycine and succinyl - coa
9. Serum iron - transferrin - ferritin lab values for iron def anemia
Down - up - down
B6
All
AB - no antibodies
10. Aplastic crisis after parvovirus - autosplenectomy - salmonella osteomyelitis - painful crisis - renal papillary necrosis - splenic sequestration
Complications of sickle cell anemia
Dec
Tissue factor converst the VII and VIIa
Folate/B12 - nonmegaoblastic anemias - liver dz - EtOH (non folate/B12) reticulocytosis - metabolic disorder - drugs
11. What does LEAD stand for in lead poisoning?
Both alpha and beta thal
Helminth infections major basic protein
Lead lines on gingivae and epiphyses of long bones on xray - Encephalopathy and Erythrocyte basophilic stippling - Abdominal colic and Anemia - Drops - wrist and foot drop -
Orotic aciduria
12. Deficiency in GpIb
Nl - up - nl
Bernard soulier
Folate def
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
13. Where are monocytes typically found - where do they go - and What do the differentiate into?
Lysosomes
Blod - tissue - MACS
VWF carries/protects factor VIII
Varying sizes
14. Back pain - hemoglobinuria
Gp1b - bernard - soulier - dec platelets (giant platelets not counted) - inc BT
Africa = Jaw lesion - US = pelvis or abdomen
Sickle cell anemia
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
15. Which factor does vWF carry/protect
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
VIII
Petechiae
B symptoms - fever night sweats - weight loss
16. iron deficiency anemia - esophageal web - atrophic glossitis
Plummer - vinson syndrome
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
Ewing sarcoma
Lymphoma
17. What is the tx for aplastic anemia
No
TPA - cleavage of fibrin mesh
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
18. What CD molecules are on RS cells
CD15 and CD30 pos
Leukemia
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
19. What is a metabolic disorder tht can cause macrocytic anemia?
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
Howell Jolly bodies
Orotic aciduria
Glucose and heme - which inhibit ALA synthase
20. What is the presenting scenario for TTP?
PENTAD: neurologic sx - renal sx - fever - thrombocytopenia - MAHA
Easy gas exchange
Protoporphyrin
Multiple myeloma
21. Where are mast cells found
VWD
Protein S - cleaves and invactivates Va and VIIIa
Tissue
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
22. What causes renal papillary necrosis in sickle cell
Gp1b
Low O2 in papilla; can also get microhematuria from medullary infarcts
CLL (SLL without the peripheral lymphocytosis
Birbeck granules
23. Why does B12 def cause neuro sx?
B12 in fatty acid pathways leads to subacute combined degeneration
All
Exposed collagen upon endothelial damage
PGI2 - NO inc blood flow - dec platelet aggregation
24. What activates the intrinsic pathway?
Inc UCB
Collagen - BM - activated platelets
Positive osmootic fragility test and splenectomy
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
25. Defect in proteins interacting with RBC membrane skeleton and plasma membrane
Hereditary spherocytosis
Gp1b - bernard - soulier - dec platelets (giant platelets not counted) - inc BT
Leukemoid reaction
They bind vWF via GpIb
26. What are dendritic cells called in the skin?
120 days
Langerhans cells
G6PD
EBV
27. Where do you see hypersegmented polys?
B12/folate def
Petechiae
G6PD
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
28. What are the neuro sx of B12 def?
Peripheral neuropathy - posterior columns (vibration/proprioception) - lateral corticospinal (spasticity) - dementia
Pyruvate kinase def - extravascular
Alpha thal - asian and african american
IFN gama
29. What finding you do you see in patients after splenectomy
All trans retinoic acid
Howell Jolly bodies
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
30. Can B cells function as APCs?
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
Yes - via MHC II
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
Erythroblastosis fetalis - Rh or other blood antigen incompatibility
31. What are the etiologies of B12 def
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
Blod - tissue - MACS
Down - down - up
32. What does plasmin do?
ATIII def
HbSS
Paraprotein spike - monoclonal protein
Degrades fibrin mesh and converts C3 to C3a
33. tennis rackets on EM
Essential thrombocytosis
Birbeck granules
Decrease EPO
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
34. In hemophilia A or B What do you see in the coag tests
Beta chain underproduced - asymptomatic - heterozygote
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
G6PD
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
35. What state is commonly associated with nonHod lymphoma
HIV or immunosupression
Multiple myeloma
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
DIC - TTP- HUS - SLE malignant HTN - prostethic heart valves - aortic stenosis
36. What percentage of WBCs are basophils - and What is found in their basophilic granules?
40 to 75
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
Cold - seen in CLL - mycoplasma pneumoniae infections or infectious mononucleosis
37. What does Vit K deficiency cause?
ADP and Ca
VWF carries/protects factor VIII
Dec synthesis of factors 1972 - protein C/S
Factor V resistant to activated protein C's inhibition
38. What is the treatment for acute intermittent porphyria
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
Glucose and heme - which inhibit ALA synthase
ADP and Ca
ATIII def
39. What virus can cause an aplastic crisis in pts with HS?
Parvovirus
No lytic bone lesions in WM
Porphobilinogen deaminase aka uroporphyrinogen I synthase
Factor V Leiden
40. Deficiency in GpIIb/IIIa
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41. What is the therapy for CML (philly chrom)
Anemia of chronic disease - Aplastic anemia - kidney disease
Imatinib - anti bcr abl
Von Willebrand's disease
No antigen - both antibodies
42. What activates protein C and What does activated protein C do?
All trans retinoic acid
40 to 50
HbC disease - Asplenia - Liver disease - thalassemia - 'HALT the hunter said to his target'
Protein S - cleaves and invactivates Va and VIIIa
43. Impaired synthesis of DAF leading to inc complement mediated desctruction of RBCs via the GPI ancho
Examples of oxidative stress
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Sheets of lymphocytes interspersed with macs
44. What portion of IgE can mast cells bind
Protoporphyrin
Hodgkin
Reed - sternberg cells
Fc
45. What do the platelets bind? What is the step called
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
They bind vWF via GpIb
Howell Jolly bodies
Up - down - nl
46. What is the treatment for lead poising?
Ferrocheletase and ALA dehydrogenase
G6PD
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of treatment - succimer for kids - it sucks to be a kid who eats lead
47. What is the life spance of a platelet?
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin
Eleveated PT - PTT
8-10 days
Inc large vWF multimers - inc platelet aggregation and thrombosis
48. RBCs damagaed from passing through obstructed - narrowed vessel lumina
Hodgkin
MAHA
VIII
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
49. Widespread activation of clotting to a deficiency in clotting factors which causes a bleeding states
Bite cells and Heinz bodies
Mycosis fundgoides/Sezary syndrome
All
DIC
50. Basophilic nuclear remnants fonud in RBCs
GpIIb/IIIa
SLE - CLL - alpha methyldopa
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
B6 therapy (pyrodixine)
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