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Test your basic knowledge |
Hemeonc
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. dec ability to activate factors V and VIII - inc risk of thrombotic skin necrosis with hemorrhage following administration of warfarin
Protein C or S deficiency
Extravascular
Leukemoid reaction
Deoxygenated HbS polymerizes - low O2 or dehydration precipiates sickling - anemia and veno - occlusive disease
2. hypersegmented PMNs - glossitis - dec folate - inc homocysteine - nl methylmalonic acid
Spleen
Folate def
Allogenic bone marrow transplant - RBC/platelet transfusion - C- GSF - or GM- CSF
Glycine and succinyl - coa
3. Is G6PD intravascular or extravascular
Fibrinogen bind GpIIb/IIIa and links platelts
Intravascular
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
Polycythemia vera with inc plasma volume - inc RBCs - inc EPO
4. What do platelets release necessary for coagulation cascaed?
CD15 and CD30 pos
VWD
ADP and Ca
Follicular lymphoma - indolent course
5. What level of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is expected in CML versus leukemoid reaction
Low in CML
Pyruvate kinase def - extravascular
They bind vWF via GpIb
Inc lymphoctes - and less RS cells
6. inc HbF on electrophoresis
Collagen - BM - activated platelets
Both alpha and beta thal
Factor V Leiden
B antigena and A antibodes
7. Drug that inhibits COX and therefore TXA2 synthesis
Aspirin
Schistocytes - helmet cells
Extrinsic - I - II - V - VII and X
Down - down - up
8. What do the labs show for TTP?
Inappropriate absolute with inc RBCs and EPO
Lymphoma
Schistocytes and inc LDH
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
9. HTLV-1
Adult T cell lymphoma - presents with cutaneous lesions
Von Willebrand's disease
Glycine and succinyl - coa
Beta thal
10. What is a metabolic disorder tht can cause macrocytic anemia?
Inactivates it
Orotic aciduria
Gp1b - bernard - soulier - dec platelets (giant platelets not counted) - inc BT
TPA - cleavage of fibrin mesh
11. In a Rh - mother who has developed anti Rh antibodies - who is at risk of hemolytic disease?
All
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
B12 def
Her next Rh+ fetus
12. inc LDH - jaundice
...
Tissue
Extravascular hemolysis
Birbeck granules
13. What are the etiologies of B12 def
Bite cells and Heinz bodies
Insufficient intake as with strict vegans - malabsorption as in crohns - pernicious anemia - diphyllobothrium
Anti Rh
Sideroblastic anemia
14. What is the treatment for sideroblastic anemia
B6 therapy (pyrodixine)
Bimodal - men>women - except for nodular sclerosing type
Tissue factor converst the VII and VIIa
Nl PT - elevated PTT - intrinsic pathway defect
15. Production of mutant factor V that cannot by degraded by protein C - most common cause of inherited hypercoaguability
Factor V Leiden
Off center nuclues - clock face chromatin
No
Lysine for glutamate at position 6
16. drug that inhibits ADP induced expression of GpIIb/IIIa
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
PENTAD: neurologic sx - renal sx - fever - thrombocytopenia - MAHA
Leukemia
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
17. Basophilic nuclear remnants fonud in RBCs
Antigen - antibody
Howell - Jolly bodies - hypo/asplenia
Ticlopidine/clopidogrel
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
18. What are some classic examples of extravascular hemolysis
Blistering cutaneous photosens - most common porphyria
Hereditary spherocytosis - G6PD - sickle cell
CML
Produce antibody - lots of RER and golgi
19. Blood type B
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
B antigena and A antibodes
20 to 40
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
20. What virus is associated with 50% of Hodgkin lymphoma
EBV
HbC disease - Asplenia - Liver disease - thalassemia - 'HALT the hunter said to his target'
IgG - Warm is GREAT
Varying sizes
21. What is appropriate absolyte polycythemia associated with
B12/folate def
Leukemia
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
Lung disease - congenital heart diseaes - and high altitude
22. What do eosinophils defend against and What do they use to do it?
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
TAIL - thalassemias - anemia of chronic disease - iron def - lead poisoning
Helminth infections major basic protein
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
23. What vitamin is a cofactor for the first step of heme synthesis
CNS and testis
B6
Histamine - heparin - and eosinohil chemotactic factors
Pos
24. From what cells are platelets derived from
Dec platelet survival and inc megakaryocytes - thrombocytopenia and inc BT
Marrow - marrow - follicles of lymph nodes - white pulp of spleen (unencapsulated lymphoid tissue)
Intravascular
Megakaryocytes
25. What is makes a leukemia acute
G6PD
Blasts > 5%
...
T(12;21)
26. What is the mutation in HbC
VWF and fibrinogen
Causes of DIC: Sepsis (gram neg) - Trauma - Obstetric complications - acute Pancreatitis - Malignancy - Nephrotic syndrome - Tranfusion
Aspirin
Lysine for glutamate at position 6
27. What do you see in peripheral smear in a pt with G6PD?
M3 AML (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
Hereditary elloptocytosis
Bite cells and Heinz bodies
120 days
28. deficiency in ADAMTS13 leading to dec degradation of vWF
Extravascular hemolysis
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Pos
Hairy cell leukemia
29. Teardrop cell
Bone marrow infiltration - myelofibrosis
Lysosomes
Petechiae
Lacunar in nodular sclerosing variant
30. What does CRAB stand for in multiple myeloma
HyperCalcemia - Renal insuff - Anemia - Bone lytic lesions/Back pain
< 1% - heparin - histamine - LTD-4 - other vasoactive amines
Schistocytes - helmet cells
Splicing sites and promotor sequences
31. What is the receptor for vWF
PENTAD: neurologic sx - renal sx - fever - thrombocytopenia - MAHA
Lysosomes
Gp1b
Low O2 in papilla; can also get microhematuria from medullary infarcts
32. lymphoid neoplasms with widespread involvement of bone marrow - tumor cells usually foind in peripheral blood
Hydrolytic enzymes - lysozyme - myeloperoxidase - lactoferrin
B6
Leukemia
Marrow - marrow - follicles of lymph nodes - white pulp of spleen (unencapsulated lymphoid tissue)
33. Where are 1/3 of platelets stored
Collagen - BM - activated platelets
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
Spleen
Yes - via MHC II
34. iron deficiency anemia - esophageal web - atrophic glossitis
Defect in 4 - not compatible with life - defect in 3 - HbH disease - defect in 1/2 not associated with sig anemia
Neoplastic - asthma - allergic processes - collagen vacsular disease - parasites
Plummer - vinson syndrome
Hemolytic or non hemolytic - and then for the hemolytiuc - intravascular hemolysis or extravascular hemolysis
35. What is the effect of ACE on bradykinin
Inactivates it
Bernard soulier
Abciximab
B cells
36. Elderly - mature b cell tumor with filamentous - hairlike projections
Hairy cell leukemia
Easy gas exchange
T(12;21)
Megakaryocytes
37. How are the nucleus and the cytoplasm characterized for lymphocytes
Helps platelts adhere to endothelium
B6
Liver disease - abetalipoproteinemia - acntho = spiny
Round densly staining nucleus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm
38. What does decreasing heme do to ALA synthase activity?
Inc
Dec
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Cromolyn sodium
39. Upregulated growth of leukocytes in bone marro
Multiple myeloma
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
Cold - seen in CLL - mycoplasma pneumoniae infections or infectious mononucleosis
Leukemia
40. What is factor V leidin?
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41. universal recipient
Produce antibody - lots of RER and golgi
Pyruvate kinase def - extravascular
AB - no antibodies
Hereditary elloptocytosis
42. What is the purpose of the fibrin mesh
8-10 days
CD15 and CD30 pos
Inc bleeding time - microhemorrhage: mucuous membrane bleeding - epitaxis - petechiae - purpura - possible thrombocytopenia
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
43. What are the neuro sx of B12 def?
ADP binding to receptors causes upregulation of GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
Deficiency in factor VIII
Inc serum iron - normal TIBC - inc ferratin
Peripheral neuropathy - posterior columns (vibration/proprioception) - lateral corticospinal (spasticity) - dementia
44. Oxidation of iron - denatured hemoglobin preceipitation damage to RBC membrane - formation of bite cells
Heinz bodies - seen in alpha thal and G6PD
Acts to stabilize platelet plug
Inflammation leads to inc hepcidin causing a dec in release from iron from macs: dec serum fe - dec TIBC - inc ferritin
Ankryin - band 4.1 or spectrin
45. fatigue - malaise - pallor - purpura - mucosal bleeding - petechiae - infection
Contiguous
IFN gama
Macrohemorrhage - hemarthroses - easy bruising
Signs and sx of aplastic anemia
46. What are the likely exposures of kids and adults for lead poisoning
Helminth infections major basic protein
Her next Rh+ fetus
AML
Kids= exposure to lead paint - adults = battery - ammunition factory
47. Back pain - hemoglobinuria
Common a few days after oxidative stress in a pt with G6PD
MHC II and Fc receptors
Peroxidase
Contiguous
48. Which enzyme converts vit k to activated vit k - and what substance inhibits this enzyme
Deoxygenated HbS polymerizes - low O2 or dehydration precipiates sickling - anemia and veno - occlusive disease
PGI2 - NO inc blood flow - dec platelet aggregation
Tissue factor converst the VII and VIIa
Epoxide reductase - warfarin inhibits
49. What does bradykinin do?
Exposed collagen upon endothelial damage
Inc vasodiltion - inc perm - inc pain
TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
Down - up - down
50. What is the enzyme defect in Porphyria cutanea tarda
Parvovirus
Multiple - peripheral nodes - extranodal involvement - noncontiguous spread
Low in CML
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase