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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Slower
Thought processes.
Internalizing problems.

2. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Sociodramatic play.
Self-regulatory capacity.
The survival goal.
Inability to categorize objects

3. Tudge's research on children's everyday activities demonstrated that
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Identity integration
Interdependence
Biological maturation.

4. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
Rehearsal.
Homophily.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Social and emotional development.

5. Which approach does the idea that theory of mind develops from primitive theories of how the world works that are present at birth and modified through experience in the world follow?
. children older than seven years of age
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
support emotion and security needs.
Theory theory

6. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Egocentrism
Violence
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Culture-sensitive instruction.

7. Research on the use of interactive media suggests that boys who play computer games often spend _________ time with their friends outside of school than boys who spend little to no time playing on the computer.
more
Authoritarian
Foreclosure.
The model does not include a morality of care.

8. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Postconventional level
Risky and potentially harmful.
Prevention science.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

9. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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10. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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11. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Computer.
Emerging adulthood.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Need about 8 hours.

12. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
clique
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Elaboration.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

13. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Emerging adulthood.
Identity assumption
Gay and lesbian parents
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.

14. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Script.
Authoritarian
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

15. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Reciprocal teaching.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Emerging adulthood.

16. Chanting the names of the items that one needs to buy at the store is an example of...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Rehearsal.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.

17. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
. saturated self.
Sociodramatic play
Social conventional; personal

18. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Identity formation
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Social intelligence.
Chlamydia

19. Not a protective factor
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Metamemory.
Financial recession.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

20. The understanding that the properties of an object or substance remain the same even if its appearance is altered in some superficial way is called...
Internalizing problems.
Conservation.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.

21. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Privileged domains.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
Conservation.

22. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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23. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Metamemory.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Reasoning about spatial perspectives

24. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
Flynn effect.
At risk for obesity.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.

25. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
A scale error
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Disciplinarian
. saturated self.

26. Research that examines the biological and social processes that lead to maladjustment and healthy development is called...
Compensation.
Prevention science.
Piaget
. saturated self.

27. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
Kitchen.
When parents are not getting along
controlling conflict within a social group.
Independent.

28. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Slower
Genetic and environmental factors.
Disciplinarian
Uneven and variable

29. Increasing decentration in middle childhood allows children to engage in...
Mental operations.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Moratorium

30. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Thought processes.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Autobiographical memory.
Script.

31. NOT characteristic of school problems?
Microsystem
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Risky and potentially harmful.

32. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
. children older than seven years of age
to be enrolled in preschool
Differential reinforcement
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.

33. Which type of aggression are preschool aged girls more likely to engage in than preschool boys?
Apprenticeship
to be enrolled in preschool
Privileged domains.
Relational aggression

34. A child with a high score on quantitative ability and a low score on verbal ability probably has
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Dyslexia.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.

35. Gardner proposed a theory of intelligence that included...
Multiple intelligences.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Postconventional level
Masturbation

36. The no-nonsense parenting style practiced among African Americans is similar to Baumrind's pattern of _____________ parenting.
Decision making
Microsystem
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Authoritarian

37. Refers to the object-self and includes all of the things that people know about themselves - such as their social relationships and their traits
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
12 to 15 hours
Me-self
Independent.

38. In many western cultures - male stereotypes are __________ than female stereotypes
More rigid
Internalizing problems.
Elaboration.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.

39. Not the result of the maturation of the frontal lobe?
Socialization.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Higher levels of intelligence

40. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
to be enrolled in preschool
Socialization.
Increases
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.

41. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
12 to 15 hours
Personal distress
Piaget
Chlamydia

42. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
transductive reasoning
Higher levels of intelligence
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Decrease in efficiency

43. According to information-processing approach to cognitive development - before stimulation from the environment (or 'input') can be stored in either short-term memory or long-term memory - it must pass through the...
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Internalizing problems.
transductive reasoning
Sensory register

44. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
Uterus growth.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Reciprocal teaching.

45. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Formal operations
Microsystem
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Identity assumption

46. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
Kitchen.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy

47. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Socialization.
Cultural socialization
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

48. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Chlamydia
Emotional climate of family
Sensory register
Socialization.

49. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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50. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Increases; decreases
Motor drive
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Moratorium

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Human Development - HDFC

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