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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Higher levels of intelligence
Increases

2. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Prevention science.
Chlamydia
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.

3. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Foreclosure.
. children older than seven years of age
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.

4. A child sharing her apple slice with another child is an example of...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Prosocial behavior
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.

5. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Identification through differentiation
. Decoding
Compensation.
Mental operations.

6. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Elaboration.
Stage 4
Deviancy in adolescence.

7. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Specific learning disabilities.
Cultural socialization

8. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
Realistic mathematics education.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.

9. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Social and emotional development.
Cultural socialization
Increases
More

10. Concrete operations are mental operations that deal with...
Emphasize obedience.
School-cutoff strategy.
Formal operations
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

11. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Higher levels of intelligence
Identity assumption
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.

12. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Apprenticeship
Uneven and variable
Disciplinarian
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

13. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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14. Which approach does the idea that theory of mind develops from primitive theories of how the world works that are present at birth and modified through experience in the world follow?
slowly
Theory theory
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Biological maturation.

15. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Theory of mind.
Confusing appearance and reality.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

16. One of the most important predictors of the well-being of children in single-parent families is...
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Identification.
Socioeconomic status.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.

17. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
Financial recession.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Puberty.
Emerging adulthood.

18. Alfred Binet is known for creating...
Not supported by research
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Auxiliary hair appears
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.

19. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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20. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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21. NOT thought to influence the age at Which menarche occurs?
Decrease in efficiency
Puberty.
Improvement in social status
Masturbation

22. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Flynn effect.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
. the social goal

23. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
Empathy
Increases; decreases
The survival goal.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

24. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Violence
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.

25. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Emphasize obedience.

26. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
controlling conflict within a social group.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
direct instruction - Play
Decoding.

27. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Foreclosure.
Decoding.
Flynn effect.
Sociodramatic play.

28. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
transductive reasoning
Reciprocal teaching.
. psychodynamic view
Socioeconomic status.

29. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
A scale error
Skipping.
Decrease in efficiency

30. Similarity between friends can contribute to...
Motor drive
Uneven and variable
Deviancy in adolescence.
Formal operations

31. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
. children older than seven years of age
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Personal and social conventional

32. Five-year-old Jacob is playing with his grandmother's buttons. He counts eight wooden buttons and three plastic buttons. When his grandmother asks Jacob if he has more wooden buttons or more buttons - he will most likely indicate that there are...
Relational aggression
At risk for obesity.
Increases; decreases
A. more wooden buttons.

33. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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34. Not a protective factor
Financial recession.
Conservation.
Personal and social conventional
The model does not include a morality of care.

35. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Instrumental aggression.
Identity formation
Dyslexia.
Decrease in efficiency

36. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Relational aggression
Compensation.
Foreclosure.
clique

37. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Improvement in social status
to be enrolled in preschool

38. having extended family involved in their lives.
The survival goal.
Foreclosure.
Apprenticeship
Reciprocal teaching.

39. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
positive emotions
Disciplinarian
Decision making

40. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
throw a ball overhand.
Transductivity.
Emphasize obedience.
Socioeconomic status.

41. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
Differential reinforcement
Personal and social conventional
Higher levels of intelligence
Creative arts

42. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Socioeconomic status.
Skipping.
Foreclosure.

43. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
. children older than seven years of age
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Prevention science.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.

44. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
More
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
The ovaries and the testes.

45. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
clique
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Postconventional level

46. The most common STI in the U.S. is...
Conservation.
Motor drive
The human papillomavirus.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

47. The extent to which friends are similar to one another is referred to as...
Elaboration.
Emerging adulthood.
Homophily.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently

48. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
support emotion and security needs.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Confusing appearance and reality.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.

49. A child's representation of going to the supermarket is an example of a...
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Script.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

50. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Enabling interactions
Egocentrism
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

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Human Development - HDFC

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