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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Higher levels of intelligence
School-cutoff strategy.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Formal operations.

2. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Egocentrism
Differential reinforcement
Girls report feelings of coercion.

3. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
The ovaries and the testes.
Chlamydia
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

4. When talking about their sexual debut -...
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Computer.
Enabling interactions

5. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Violence
Moratorium
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Masturbation

6. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
Independent.
clique
Formal operations
Differential reinforcement

7. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Identity assumption
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
Disciplinarian
Exosystem.

8. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Moratorium
Emphasize obedience.
Plan ahead.

9. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Risky and potentially harmful.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Empathy

10. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Script.
Compensation.
Emphasize obedience.
Realistic mathematics education.

11. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Metamemory.
Foreclosure.
Deviancy in adolescence.

12. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
Social conventional; personal
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Gay and lesbian parents
Piaget

13. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Risky and potentially harmful.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
The Oedipus complex.

14. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
The ovaries and the testes.
Specific learning disabilities.
Improvement in social status
Multiple intelligences.

15. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Apprenticeship
Plan ahead.
Improvement in social status
Inability to categorize objects

16. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Elaboration.
Theory of mind.
Microsystem

17. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Violence
Girls report feelings of coercion.

18. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
The survival goal.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Puberty.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.

19. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Autobiographical memory.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Social intelligence.

20. Findings from the research of Kenneth and Mamie Clark has led psychologists to conclude that...
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.

21. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
slowly
transductive reasoning
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
When parents are not getting along

22. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
to be enrolled in preschool
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
clique

23. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
The drawer in the in kitchen
Me-self
Kitchen.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

24. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Experience sampling method.
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Identity formation
A performance orientation.

25. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Uterus growth.
Thought processes.
Internalizing problems.
Chlamydia

26. Authoritative parents are...
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Cultural socialization
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
A. more wooden buttons.

27. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Financial recession.
The human papillomavirus.
Compensation.
Decoding.

28. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Stage 4
Self-regulatory capacity.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Plan ahead.

29. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development - children between the ages of 2 and 6...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Violence
Identity assumption
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking

30. EEG coherence refers to the synchronization of...
Apprenticeship
Independent.
Decreases; remains the same
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

31. NOT thought to influence the age at Which menarche occurs?
Social and emotional development.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Masturbation

32. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
Reciprocal teaching.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.

33. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Autobiographical memory.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Instrumental aggression.

34. Piaget believed that the greatest limitation to young children's thinking was...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Prosocial behavior
Transductivity.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

35. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
Interdependence
Cultural socialization
Higher levels of intelligence
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.

36. How does gender schema theory differ from cognitive-development theory?
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Piaget
Prosocial behavior
12 to 15 hours

37. Children who watch a lot of programs with violence tend to engage in more aggressive behavior.
stereotypes
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Emerging adulthood.
Decrease in efficiency

38. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Biological maturation.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Empathy

39. Gardner proposed a theory of intelligence that included...
Formal operations
Multiple intelligences.
Improvement in social status
Uterus growth.

40. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Reciprocal teaching.
Piaget
Sociodramatic play
Uneven and variable

41. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Biological maturation.
Personal distress
Genetic and environmental factors.
Mental operations.

42. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
Realistic mathematics education.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Conservation.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.

43. Five-year-old Jacob is playing with his grandmother's buttons. He counts eight wooden buttons and three plastic buttons. When his grandmother asks Jacob if he has more wooden buttons or more buttons - he will most likely indicate that there are...
Risky and potentially harmful.
A. more wooden buttons.
Stage 4
clique

44. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

45. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Increases
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Authoritative

46. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
Multiple intelligences.
throw a ball overhand.
Emotional climate of family
A scale error

47. Research on fathers suggests that...
Thought processes.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Violence
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.

48. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Disciplinarian
Flynn effect.
Autobiographical memory.

49. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Elaboration.
Disciplinarian
Realistic mathematics education.

50. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Theory theory
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.