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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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2. Research in which participants carry electronic pagers that beep at random intervals - signaling that they need to fill out a brief report on their current feelings is called...
At risk for obesity.
Experience sampling method.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Not supported by research

3. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
Biological maturation.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Cultural socialization
throw a ball overhand.

4. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Emotional climate of family
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Mental operations.
Not supported by research

5. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
to be enrolled in preschool
Thought processes.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Multiple intelligences.

6. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Empathy
Moratorium
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
. children older than seven years of age

7. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model - in which ecosystem are daycare centers located?
Emphasize obedience.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Microsystem

8. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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9. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Realistic mathematics education.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Inability to categorize objects
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.

10. A child's representation of going to the supermarket is an example of a...
transductive reasoning
Script.
Agility.
Emerging adulthood.

11. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
Effortful control.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
clique

12. Authoritarian
Risky and potentially harmful.
When parents are not getting along
Relational aggression
Social and emotional development.

13. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Empathy
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Specific learning disabilities.

14. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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15. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
to be enrolled in preschool
Identity integration

16. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Homophily.
Compensation.
Prosocial behavior
Social interaction

17. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Creative arts
slowly
support emotion and security needs.
Identification.

18. Authoritative parents are...
Gay and lesbian parents
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

19. In middle childhood - boys are not better than girls at...
Postconventional level
Self-regulatory capacity.
Skipping.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.

20. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Decrease in efficiency

21. Knowledge about one's own memory processes is referred to as...
Conservation.
Transductivity.
Metamemory.
Social and emotional development.

22. How many hours of sleep in a 24-hour period should a child between the ages of 2 and 5 get?
Uneven and variable
Increases
12 to 15 hours
Kitchen.

23. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
Social conventional; personal
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Decision making
Thought processes.

24. Developmentalists call the development of children's own unique patterns of feeling - thinking - and behaving in a variety of circumstances ________________.
Personality formation
More
Prevention science.
12 to 15 hours

25. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Increases
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

26. Studies comparing schooled and nonschooled students have demonstrated that...
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Sensory register

27. The pleasure young children take in using their new motor skills is referred to as...
Motor drive
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Decrease in efficiency
Skipping.

28. Research on parent-adolescent relationships suggests that a great deal of conflict arises because of differences in opinion about the boundaries between which two social domains?
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Personal and social conventional

29. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Genetic and environmental factors.
Specific learning disabilities.
More rigid
Identity formation

30. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
Creative arts
Emotional climate of family
Plan ahead.
More

31. Increasing decentration in middle childhood allows children to engage in...
Mental operations.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Cultural socialization
Compensation.

32. The no-nonsense parenting style practiced among African Americans is similar to Baumrind's pattern of _____________ parenting.
An entity model of intelligence.
slowly
Authoritarian
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

33. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
An entity model of intelligence.
more
Homophily.

34. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
Uneven and variable
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Decrease in efficiency
Apprenticeship

35. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
throw a ball overhand.
Neighborhood physical disorder.

36. Throughout adolescence - boys do not tend to have more ___________ than girls.
At risk for obesity.
to be enrolled in preschool
positive emotions
Effortful control.

37. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Cultural socialization
Internalizing problems.
direct instruction - Play

38. Being poor in early childhood is ___________ challenging to children's well-being than being poor later in life.
More
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Decrease in efficiency
Mental operations.

39. A primary sex characteristic...
The human papillomavirus.
Uterus growth.
The ovaries and the testes.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.

40. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Computer.
clique
At risk for obesity.
Personal distress

41. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Gina - an early-maturing female
Social intelligence.
More
Script.

42. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Moratorium
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
. psychodynamic view
Prosocial behavior

43. How does gender schema theory differ from cognitive-development theory?
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Enabling interactions
Cultural socialization
Compensation.

44. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
A performance orientation.
Emotional climate of family
Socialization.

45. A three-year-old who believes that a cat wearing a dog mask has actually become a dog is probably...
Confusing appearance and reality.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Compensation.
The human papillomavirus.

46. The process of associating the letters of the alphabet with corresponding phonemes in the spoken language is referred to as...
Decoding.
Differential reinforcement
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Multiple intelligences.

47. Gardner proposed a theory of intelligence that included...
slowly
Skipping.
Financial recession.
Multiple intelligences.

48. According to research - what seems to be associated with the emotional intensity and sensation-seeking behavior experienced by many adolescents?
Transductivity.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Differential reinforcement
An infusion of pubertal hormones

49. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
to be enrolled in preschool
Decreases; remains the same
Social conventional; personal
Independent.

50. Aggression results from urges that build up over time until they are released in an explosion of violence.
Computer.
The model does not include a morality of care.
Not supported by research
Theory theory

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Human Development - HDFC

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