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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Findings from the research of Kenneth and Mamie Clark has led psychologists to conclude that...
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
to be enrolled in preschool
Empathy
Social intelligence.

2. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
A performance orientation.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Conservation.
Empathy

3. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Personal distress
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
12 to 15 hours
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning

4. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
Emerging adulthood.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Personality formation
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.

5. Research on fathers suggests that...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Cultural socialization
Homophily.
At risk for obesity.

6. Research that examines the biological and social processes that lead to maladjustment and healthy development is called...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Social and emotional development.
Kitchen.
Prevention science.

7. The biological developments that make an individual of either sex capable of sexual reproduction are collectively referred to as...
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
direct instruction - Play
Puberty.
stereotypes

8. A psychological process in which children try to look - act - feel - and be like significant people in their social environment is referred to as...
Identity assumption
Identification.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Computer.

9. According to Piaget -...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
. psychodynamic view
Enabling interactions
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

10. In this stage of sexual identity development are sexual-minority individuals who have come to terms with their homosexuality and are 'out' in their communities?
Postconventional level
Identity integration
Plan ahead.
Elaboration.

11. By helping children to recall and interpret events in which they have participated - adults help children acquire an enduring sense of themselves by creating a sort of personal narrative - referred to as the child's...
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Autobiographical memory.
12 to 15 hours
Rehearsal.

12. According to research - what seems to be associated with the emotional intensity and sensation-seeking behavior experienced by many adolescents?
An infusion of pubertal hormones
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
. psychodynamic view

13. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Reciprocal teaching.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Spermarche.
Decision making

14. During early childhood the growth rates of the body and brain are _________ than they were in infancy.
At risk for obesity.
Slower
Increases; decreases
Internalizing problems.

15. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Higher levels of intelligence
Culture-sensitive instruction.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

16. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
Metamemory.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Kitchen.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.

17. Research on the use of interactive media suggests that boys who play computer games often spend _________ time with their friends outside of school than boys who spend little to no time playing on the computer.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
more

18. Hitting another child to get a toy is an example of...
support emotion and security needs.
Identity assumption
Instrumental aggression.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.

19. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Slower
More
An entity model of intelligence.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

20. Which of the following pairs best describes the cognitive development of children between the ages of 2 and 5?
Flynn effect.
Risky and potentially harmful.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Uneven and variable

21. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Self-regulatory capacity.
Improvement in social status
Chlamydia
Internalizing problems.

22. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
. the social goal
Compensation.
Decreases; remains the same

23. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Cultural socialization
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.

24. Research on learning mathematics has revealed that...
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Authoritative
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
direct instruction - Play

25. A child's ability to recognize that two rows of pennies each with the same number of pennies have the same number of pennies when one row of pennies is longer than the other is called...
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Conservation.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.

26. Authoritarian
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Social and emotional development.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

27. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
Biological maturation.
Dyslexia.
Decreases; remains the same
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks

28. Similarity between friends can contribute to...
Specific learning disabilities.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Deviancy in adolescence.
The survival goal.

29. During puberty - girls and boys may experience negative psychological consequences Which may be linked to...
Gina - an early-maturing female
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
clique
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.

30. The understanding that the properties of an object or substance remain the same even if its appearance is altered in some superficial way is called...
Conservation.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.

31. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
throw a ball overhand.
The human papillomavirus.
Rehearsal.
Computer.

32. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Plan ahead.
Autobiographical memory.
Increases
12 to 15 hours

33. Aggression results from urges that build up over time until they are released in an explosion of violence.
Experience sampling method.
Not supported by research
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking

34. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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35. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Improvement in social status
Increases; decreases
Skipping.
. the social goal

36. Tudge's research on children's everyday activities demonstrated that
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Relational aggression
Stage 4
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.

37. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Exosystem.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Prevention science.

38. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Reciprocal teaching.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Personal distress
Decrease in efficiency

39. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Mental operations.
Authoritative
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
controlling conflict within a social group.

40. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Elaboration.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.

41. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Internalizing problems.
More rigid
Higher levels of intelligence
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.

42. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Identity integration
slowly
Authoritative
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

43. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Homophily.
Creative arts
Genetic and environmental factors.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives

44. Studies comparing schooled and nonschooled students have demonstrated that...
Internalizing problems.
More
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks

45. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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46. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
Elaboration.
direct instruction - Play
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.

47. Studies of poor families suggest that such factors as stress - the dangerous circumstances of daily life in poor areas - and the nature of parents' jobs tend to cause poor parents to...
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Emphasize obedience.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Enabling interactions

48. LeVine proposed that three major goals are shared by parents the world over. Not among them?
Agility.
Socioeconomic status.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
. the social goal

49. Which approach does the idea that theory of mind develops from primitive theories of how the world works that are present at birth and modified through experience in the world follow?
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Theory theory
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning

50. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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