Human Development - HDFC

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development - children between the ages of 2 and 6...
Skipping.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
The ovaries and the testes.
Emphasize obedience.


2. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Skipping.
Need about 8 hours.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Decrease in efficiency


3. Disturbances in emotion or mood such as guilt - depression and anxiety are known as...
Internalizing problems.
Cultural socialization
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks


4. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Realistic mathematics education.
. saturated self.
more


5. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Piaget
Socioeconomic status.
An infusion of pubertal hormones


6. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
more
Decision making
Decrease in efficiency


7. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
The ovaries and the testes.
. Decoding
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Skipping.


8. In this stage of sexual identity development are sexual-minority individuals who have come to terms with their homosexuality and are 'out' in their communities?
Realistic mathematics education.
Multiple intelligences.
The human papillomavirus.
Identity integration


9. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Improvement in social status
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
. the social goal
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


10. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
Identification through differentiation
Biological maturation.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate


11. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Flynn effect.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
slowly


12. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
Increases
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Plan ahead.
Formal operations.


13. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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14. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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15. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Effortful control.
slowly
More
Apprenticeship


16. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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17. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
Flynn effect.
Higher levels of intelligence
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Uneven and variable


18. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
More rigid
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
to be enrolled in preschool
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.


19. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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20. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Decision making
Realistic mathematics education.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


21. A child who thinks that people cannot get any smarter than they already are holds...
An entity model of intelligence.
Decreases; remains the same
Foreclosure.
Genetic and environmental factors.


22. Children who watch a lot of programs with violence tend to engage in more aggressive behavior.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
stereotypes
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Theory theory


23. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Mental operations.
The drawer in the in kitchen


24. Tudge's research on children's everyday activities demonstrated that
Self-regulatory capacity.
positive emotions
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
A. more wooden buttons.


25. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Plan ahead.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Social intelligence.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


26. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
Emerging adulthood.
Identity integration
Flynn effect.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.


27. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
positive emotions
Prosocial behavior
Gina - an early-maturing female
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)


28. If a 5-year-old watches a little girl put a piece of candy into a drawer in the kitchen and then watches the girl's mother move the piece of candy to the refrigerator without the little girl knowing - where will the 5-year-old say the little girl wil
Thought processes.
The drawer in the in kitchen
Uneven and variable
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.


29. The 'known-answer question' is a type of question that is rare in everyday adult conversation but is commonly used in...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Social and emotional development.
to be enrolled in preschool
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.


30. Focusing on changes within specific areas of knowledge acquisition is most closely associated with...
Theory of mind.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Privileged domains.
Postconventional level


31. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
Foreclosure.
Kitchen.
Agility.
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.


32. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Socialization.
Privileged domains.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Stage 4


33. One of the most important predictors of the well-being of children in single-parent families is...
Multiple intelligences.
Stage 4
Kitchen.
Socioeconomic status.


34. In adolescence - cliques serve to...
Dyslexia.
support emotion and security needs.
. psychodynamic view
Gay and lesbian parents


35. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Compensation.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Agility.
slowly


36. Research on fathers suggests that...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
to be enrolled in preschool
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Dyslexia.


37. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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38. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Internalizing problems.
Effortful control.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Instrumental aggression.


39. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Genetic and environmental factors.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Social intelligence.
Socialization.


40. Which of the following do(es) NOT have clear negative influences on children's development?
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Social and emotional development.
Gay and lesbian parents
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


41. LeVine proposed that three major goals are shared by parents the world over. Not among them?
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Mental operations.
Sociodramatic play
. the social goal


42. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
The Oedipus complex.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Transductivity.


43. Which of the following categories of racial socialization messages appears to be associated with stronger cognitive abilities and fewer behavior problems among African-American children?
12 to 15 hours
Cultural socialization
Conservation.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.


44. A child's representation of going to the supermarket is an example of a...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Script.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


45. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo


46. One critique of Kohlberg's moral stages of development is that...
The model does not include a morality of care.
Not supported by research
Identification through differentiation
Need about 8 hours.


47. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Uterus growth.
Independent.
Personal distress
Theory of mind.


48. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
Motor drive
clique
Deviancy in adolescence.
. psychodynamic view


49. In which category of ethnic socialization do parents who promote ethnic pride and emphasize cultural heritage fall?
Not supported by research
Egocentrism
Cultural socialization
Identification through differentiation


50. When talking about their sexual debut -...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
12 to 15 hours
Girls report feelings of coercion.