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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Gina - an early-maturing female
Biological maturation.
slowly
The human papillomavirus.

2. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Realistic mathematics education.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Identification through differentiation

3. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
Personality formation
Cultural socialization
Social interaction
transductive reasoning

4. NOT thought to influence the age at Which menarche occurs?
Masturbation
Higher levels of intelligence
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

5. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
Compensation.
Me-self
Reciprocal teaching.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.

6. In many western cultures - male stereotypes are __________ than female stereotypes
transductive reasoning
Decoding.
Emphasize obedience.
More rigid

7. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
clique
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.

8. By helping children to recall and interpret events in which they have participated - adults help children acquire an enduring sense of themselves by creating a sort of personal narrative - referred to as the child's...
Mental operations.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Autobiographical memory.

9. According to information-processing approach to cognitive development - before stimulation from the environment (or 'input') can be stored in either short-term memory or long-term memory - it must pass through the...
Sensory register
Experience sampling method.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Privileged domains.

10. LeVine proposed that three major goals are shared by parents the world over. Not among them?
. the social goal
Microsystem
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy

11. Studies of poor families suggest that such factors as stress - the dangerous circumstances of daily life in poor areas - and the nature of parents' jobs tend to cause poor parents to...
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Socialization.
Mental operations.
Emphasize obedience.

12. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Disciplinarian
Plan ahead.
School-cutoff strategy.
Financial recession.

13. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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14. According to Piaget - _____________ is an important source of cognitive conflict.
Identity assumption
puberty
Deviancy in adolescence.
Social interaction

15. According to Piaget -...
clique
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Need about 8 hours.
Having extended family involved in their lives.

16. A psychological process in which children try to look - act - feel - and be like significant people in their social environment is referred to as...
Need about 8 hours.
Apprenticeship
Identification.
The human papillomavirus.

17. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Moratorium
clique
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

18. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Computer.
. saturated self.
Piaget

19. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Increases; decreases
The model does not include a morality of care.
Uneven and variable

20. Throughout adolescence - boys do not tend to have more ___________ than girls.
positive emotions
Motor drive
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Agility.

21. The no-nonsense parenting style practiced among African Americans is similar to Baumrind's pattern of _____________ parenting.
12 to 15 hours
Authoritarian
Creative arts
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

22. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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23. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Internalizing problems.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Theory theory

24. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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25. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Social and emotional development.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Decision making
Sociodramatic play

26. When talking about their sexual debut -...
. psychodynamic view
Gay and lesbian parents
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Relational aggression

27. A child who thinks that people cannot get any smarter than they already are holds...
Rehearsal.
Personal distress
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
An entity model of intelligence.

28. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Spermarche.
Personal distress
Formal operations

29. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
The survival goal.
Cultural socialization
Increases; decreases
Theory of mind.

30. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Inability to categorize objects
Prevention science.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

31. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Decreases; remains the same
Cultural socialization
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.

32. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Theory theory
Theory of mind.
Internalizing problems.
Specific learning disabilities.

33. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
throw a ball overhand.
Financial recession.
A performance orientation.
Computer.

34. In Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning - at which level does reasoning require people to go beyond the existing social conventions to consider more abstract principles of right and wrong?
Chlamydia
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Postconventional level
support emotion and security needs.

35. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Computer.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.

36. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Interdependence
Sociodramatic play.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.

37. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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38. Increasing decentration in middle childhood allows children to engage in...
Social and emotional development.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Mental operations.
Improvement in social status

39. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
An entity model of intelligence.
Social intelligence.
The ovaries and the testes.

40. In this stage of sexual identity development are sexual-minority individuals who have come to terms with their homosexuality and are 'out' in their communities?
stereotypes
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Identity integration
A scale error

41. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
Biological maturation.
When parents are not getting along
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.

42. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Identification.
. children older than seven years of age
Decoding.
Exosystem.

43. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Increases
Identity formation
Spermarche.
Socioeconomic status.

44. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Conservation.
Foreclosure.
Sensory register
Flynn effect.

45. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Effortful control.
An entity model of intelligence.

46. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Increases; decreases
Empathy
Motor drive

47. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Formal operations.
. psychodynamic view
A performance orientation.

48. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
clique
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Decision making
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.

49. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
Agility.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Personality formation
Autobiographical memory.

50. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
The human papillomavirus.
Socioeconomic status.
Sociodramatic play

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Human Development - HDFC

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