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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A child's ability to recognize that two rows of pennies each with the same number of pennies have the same number of pennies when one row of pennies is longer than the other is called...
Conservation.
Cultural socialization
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Gina - an early-maturing female

2. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Identity formation
Me-self
direct instruction - Play
Cultural socialization

3. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Need about 8 hours.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Violence
Improvement in social status

4. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
Emotional climate of family
Emerging adulthood.
Sociodramatic play
A performance orientation.

5. Which of the following pairs best describes the cognitive development of children between the ages of 2 and 5?
Identity formation
Uneven and variable
Improvement in social status
Emerging adulthood.

6. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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7. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Thought processes.
Dyslexia.

8. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Personal and social conventional
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

9. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Self-regulatory capacity.
Sensory register
Socioeconomic status.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives

10. In many western cultures - male stereotypes are __________ than female stereotypes
Puberty.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
More rigid
A scale error

11. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
Specific learning disabilities.
throw a ball overhand.
Flynn effect.
Internalizing problems.

12. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Increases
Decision making
Personality formation
Experience sampling method.

13. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
Socialization.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Gina - an early-maturing female

14. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Internalizing problems.
Higher levels of intelligence
Foreclosure.
Motor drive

15. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Differential reinforcement
Computer.
When parents are not getting along
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.

16. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Formal operations.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
School-cutoff strategy.

17. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Compensation.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.

18. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
The ovaries and the testes.
Theory of mind.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Rehearsal.

19. Research in which participants carry electronic pagers that beep at random intervals - signaling that they need to fill out a brief report on their current feelings is called...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
puberty
Experience sampling method.
An infusion of pubertal hormones

20. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
When parents are not getting along

21. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Egocentrism
controlling conflict within a social group.
Genetic and environmental factors.
Computer.

22. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Slower
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Self-regulatory capacity.

23. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Higher levels of intelligence
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Skipping.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.

24. If a 5-year-old watches a little girl put a piece of candy into a drawer in the kitchen and then watches the girl's mother move the piece of candy to the refrigerator without the little girl knowing - where will the 5-year-old say the little girl wil
Motor drive
Mental operations.
Risky and potentially harmful.
The drawer in the in kitchen

25. The process by which children acquire the knowledge - standards - and values of their society is referred to as...
Socialization.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Theory theory
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.

26. Studies of poor families suggest that such factors as stress - the dangerous circumstances of daily life in poor areas - and the nature of parents' jobs tend to cause poor parents to...
Theory theory
Emphasize obedience.
Sociodramatic play
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence

27. During puberty - girls and boys may experience negative psychological consequences Which may be linked to...
Me-self
Neighborhood physical disorder.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

28. Which approach does the idea that theory of mind develops from primitive theories of how the world works that are present at birth and modified through experience in the world follow?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Inability to categorize objects
Skipping.
Theory theory

29. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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30. The game 'Simon Says' requires children to employ...
Compensation.
Effortful control.
Prevention science.
Empathy

31. In adolescence - boys' crying _______________ in frequency; while girls' crying ________________ in frequency.
Auxiliary hair appears
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Decreases; remains the same
School-cutoff strategy.

32. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Conservation.
Violence
Compensation.

33. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
An infusion of pubertal hormones
transductive reasoning
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.

34. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Stage 4
Increases; decreases
Prosocial behavior
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.

35. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Sensory register

36. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
Identification through differentiation
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.

37. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Disciplinarian
Instrumental aggression.
A. more wooden buttons.
. children older than seven years of age

38. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Piaget
Financial recession.
Inability to categorize objects
Homophily.

39. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Authoritative
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Stage 4

40. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Homophily.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Disciplinarian

41. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Need about 8 hours.
Sociodramatic play.
Microsystem
Conservation.

42. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
An entity model of intelligence.
Homophily.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
puberty

43. A primary sex characteristic...
Decrease in efficiency
Internalizing problems.
Uterus growth.
An infusion of pubertal hormones

44. How does gender schema theory differ from cognitive-development theory?
Authoritarian
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
An infusion of pubertal hormones

45. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Conservation.
support emotion and security needs.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

46. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Conservation.
The ovaries and the testes.
Multiple intelligences.
Having extended family involved in their lives.

47. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
more
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Egocentrism
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

48. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Conservation.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Personality formation
Social intelligence.

49. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
A performance orientation.
more
Formal operations
Script.

50. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Improvement in social status
. saturated self.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
At risk for obesity.