Human Development - HDFC

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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2. In many western cultures - male stereotypes are __________ than female stereotypes
Sensory register
More rigid
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Deviancy in adolescence.


3. Research in which participants carry electronic pagers that beep at random intervals - signaling that they need to fill out a brief report on their current feelings is called...
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Egocentrism
Experience sampling method.


4. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Autobiographical memory.
Violence


5. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Specific learning disabilities.
Homophily.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


6. In Kohlberg's Conventional level of moral reasoning - moral thinking at stages 3 and 4 are partially dependent on...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Plan ahead.
Formal operations.
Emerging adulthood.


7. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Theory of mind.
More
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.


8. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Flynn effect.
A performance orientation.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.


9. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
At risk for obesity.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Cultural socialization


10. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
Reciprocal teaching.
throw a ball overhand.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Cultural socialization


11. In which category of ethnic socialization do parents who promote ethnic pride and emphasize cultural heritage fall?
Cultural socialization
Foreclosure.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Theory of mind.


12. According to Piaget -...
to be enrolled in preschool
Plan ahead.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.


13. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Slower
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Chlamydia
School-cutoff strategy.


14. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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15. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Social intelligence.
Mental operations.
Exosystem.


16. Focusing on changes within specific areas of knowledge acquisition is most closely associated with...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
stereotypes
An entity model of intelligence.
Privileged domains.


17. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
. children older than seven years of age
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Personal distress


18. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Agility.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Personality formation
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)


19. Reciprocal teaching incorporates...
School-cutoff strategy.
Interdependence
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Dyslexia.


20. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Increases
Need about 8 hours.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Motor drive


21. Which of the following statements about the development of the brain during early childhood is TRUE?

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22. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Improvement in social status
Motor drive
Masturbation
Social conventional; personal


23. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
Instrumental aggression.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Relational aggression


24. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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25. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
The drawer in the in kitchen
Higher levels of intelligence
Plan ahead.
Culture-sensitive instruction.


26. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
Authoritarian
Reciprocal teaching.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Emotional climate of family


27. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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28. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Thought processes.
Creative arts
Microsystem
Risky and potentially harmful.


29. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Compensation.
Apprenticeship
controlling conflict within a social group.
. the social goal


30. The most common STI in the U.S. is...
Chlamydia
Spermarche.
The human papillomavirus.
clique


31. Piaget believed that the greatest limitation to young children's thinking was...
Transductivity.
support emotion and security needs.
Microsystem
Internalizing problems.


32. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
A performance orientation.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Computer.
Elaboration.


33. The no-nonsense parenting style practiced among African Americans is similar to Baumrind's pattern of _____________ parenting.
transductive reasoning
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Authoritarian
. psychodynamic view


34. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Elaboration.
Cultural socialization
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Foreclosure.


35. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
Formal operations
Prosocial behavior
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Biological maturation.


36. Not a protective factor
Financial recession.
puberty
Elaboration.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.


37. Throughout adolescence - boys do not tend to have more ___________ than girls.
positive emotions
Genetic and environmental factors.
Egocentrism
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.


38. The process by which children acquire the knowledge - standards - and values of their society is referred to as...
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Stage 4
Dyslexia.
Socialization.


39. EEG coherence refers to the synchronization of...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Puberty.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.


40. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Exosystem.
Social conventional; personal


41. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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42. In terms of sleep - adolescents...
Multiple intelligences.
Sociodramatic play.
Emotional climate of family
Need about 8 hours.


43. _____________ text is one of the most basic reading skills.
Chlamydia
Moratorium
. Decoding
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks


44. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
Rehearsal.
Agility.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Identification.


45. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
direct instruction - Play
Puberty.
An entity model of intelligence.


46. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Interdependence
. children older than seven years of age
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.


47. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
puberty
Exosystem.
Identification through differentiation
Theory of mind.


48. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Compensation.
Uneven and variable
. saturated self.


49. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Authoritarian
Inability to categorize objects
Creative arts
Having extended family involved in their lives.


50. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Piaget
Theory theory
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Realistic mathematics education.