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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model - in which ecosystem are daycare centers located?
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Microsystem
Authoritarian
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

2. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Emotional climate of family
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Multiple intelligences.
Conservation.

3. Which type of aggression are preschool aged girls more likely to engage in than preschool boys?
More
slowly
Apprenticeship
Relational aggression

4. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
Prosocial behavior
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.

5. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
throw a ball overhand.
Higher levels of intelligence
Uneven and variable
Decrease in efficiency

6. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Emotional climate of family
Relational aggression
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.

7. Children adopting an entity theory of intelligence are more likely than others to...

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8. The 'known-answer question' is a type of question that is rare in everyday adult conversation but is commonly used in...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Social interaction
A scale error
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.

9. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Risky and potentially harmful.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children

10. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Personal distress
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Theory of mind.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.

11. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Stage 4
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Disciplinarian
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.

12. A child who thinks that people cannot get any smarter than they already are holds...
An entity model of intelligence.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Slower
Personal and social conventional

13. During puberty - girls and boys may experience negative psychological consequences Which may be linked to...
Sociodramatic play.
Authoritarian
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Identification.

14. Not the result of the maturation of the frontal lobe?
Interdependence
Higher levels of intelligence
. Decoding
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.

15. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Internalizing problems.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
More rigid

16. In this stage of sexual identity development are sexual-minority individuals who have come to terms with their homosexuality and are 'out' in their communities?
Identity integration
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
When parents are not getting along
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

17. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
Deviancy in adolescence.
Identification through differentiation
. psychodynamic view
Kitchen.

18. Research on fathers suggests that...
Transductivity.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Gina - an early-maturing female
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.

19. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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20. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Transductivity.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Foreclosure.
Flynn effect.

21. According to Piaget -...
Conservation.
Enabling interactions
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Formal operations.

22. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Spermarche.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Increases; decreases
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.

23. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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24. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Motor drive
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Thought processes.

25. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Compensation.
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Gina - an early-maturing female
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.

26. Piaget believed that the greatest limitation to young children's thinking was...
Moratorium
Identity formation
Transductivity.
Emphasize obedience.

27. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Identification.
12 to 15 hours
School-cutoff strategy.

28. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
Plan ahead.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Emerging adulthood.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other

29. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Violence
Confusing appearance and reality.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Decoding.

30. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Spermarche.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
The survival goal.

31. A child who says - 'I can't do that' after failing at a task holds...
A performance orientation.
Realistic mathematics education.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

32. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Kitchen.
Puberty.
Compensation.
Authoritative

33. NOT characteristic of school problems?
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Egocentrism
Social interaction
The survival goal.

34. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
School-cutoff strategy.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.

35. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Plan ahead.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Chlamydia
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.

36. Disturbances in emotion or mood such as guilt - depression and anxiety are known as...
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Internalizing problems.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Empathy

37. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Interdependence
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Apprenticeship

38. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
Biological maturation.
Flynn effect.
Differential reinforcement
Cultural socialization

39. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Identification through differentiation
Emphasize obedience.
Realistic mathematics education.
Sociodramatic play

40. Research that examines the biological and social processes that lead to maladjustment and healthy development is called...
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Prevention science.
Flynn effect.

41. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
controlling conflict within a social group.
Prosocial behavior
Internalizing problems.
Slower

42. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
. psychodynamic view
Emotional climate of family
Gina - an early-maturing female
Risky and potentially harmful.

43. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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44. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Identification.
Cultural socialization
Empathy

45. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
The Oedipus complex.
Self-regulatory capacity.

46. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Kitchen.
Inability to categorize objects
Increases; decreases

47. Hitting another child to get a toy is an example of...
Instrumental aggression.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Microsystem

48. In Kohlberg's Conventional level of moral reasoning - moral thinking at stages 3 and 4 are partially dependent on...
transductive reasoning
An infusion of pubertal hormones
12 to 15 hours
Formal operations.

49. One critique of Kohlberg's moral stages of development is that...
The model does not include a morality of care.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
The survival goal.
The Oedipus complex.

50. In middle childhood - boys are not better than girls at...
Piaget
Inability to categorize objects
Emotional climate of family
Skipping.