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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. One of the most important predictors of the well-being of children in single-parent families is...
The survival goal.
Violence
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Socioeconomic status.

2. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Identity assumption
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
puberty

3. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Empathy
Personal and social conventional
Microsystem
Increases; decreases

4. Research on learning mathematics has revealed that...
Independent.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
An entity model of intelligence.
. Decoding

5. Children adopting an entity theory of intelligence are more likely than others to...

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6. NOT thought to influence the age at Which menarche occurs?
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Masturbation
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

7. According to research - which parental interactions lead to healthy psychological and identity development in teenagers?
Enabling interactions
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
School-cutoff strategy.
Apprenticeship

8. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Self-regulatory capacity.
Egocentrism
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'

9. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Creative arts
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Formal operations

10. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Moratorium
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
School-cutoff strategy.
Mental operations.

11. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Improvement in social status
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.

12. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
Biological maturation.
Creative arts
Postconventional level
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.

13. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Slower
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.

14. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
. Decoding
Relational aggression
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

15. If a 5-year-old watches a little girl put a piece of candy into a drawer in the kitchen and then watches the girl's mother move the piece of candy to the refrigerator without the little girl knowing - where will the 5-year-old say the little girl wil
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
puberty
The drawer in the in kitchen
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

16. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Socioeconomic status.
Formal operations
Identity formation

17. A primary sex characteristic...
Reciprocal teaching.
Prevention science.
Uterus growth.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

18. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Higher levels of intelligence
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Improvement in social status
Biological maturation.

19. In terms of sleep - adolescents...
Multiple intelligences.
Experience sampling method.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Need about 8 hours.

20. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Skipping.
Mental operations.
Emotional climate of family
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

21. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
Differential reinforcement
Puberty.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Instrumental aggression.

22. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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23. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Improvement in social status
Agility.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Theory of mind.

24. Research on parent-adolescent relationships suggests that a great deal of conflict arises because of differences in opinion about the boundaries between which two social domains?
Not supported by research
Personal and social conventional
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.

25. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
School-cutoff strategy.
Motor drive
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.

26. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Cultural socialization
Elaboration.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.

27. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Increases
. saturated self.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Interdependence

28. In Kohlberg's Conventional level of moral reasoning - moral thinking at stages 3 and 4 are partially dependent on...
Inability to categorize objects
Formal operations.
At risk for obesity.
. saturated self.

29. Which of the following do(es) NOT have clear negative influences on children's development?
Improvement in social status
Gay and lesbian parents
more
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.

30. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Egocentrism
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Autobiographical memory.

31. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Decrease in efficiency
Internalizing problems.
Decision making

32. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Realistic mathematics education.
throw a ball overhand.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Puberty.

33. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
to be enrolled in preschool
Reciprocal teaching.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.

34. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Flynn effect.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Plan ahead.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'

35. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
Personality formation
puberty
Formal operations
Independent.

36. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Rehearsal.
Autobiographical memory.
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Personal distress

37. Hitting another child to get a toy is an example of...
Instrumental aggression.
Plan ahead.
Compensation.
Authoritarian

38. Knowledge about one's own memory processes is referred to as...
Metamemory.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Experience sampling method.
Piaget

39. During early childhood the growth rates of the body and brain are _________ than they were in infancy.
Social interaction
Social and emotional development.
Slower
Higher levels of intelligence

40. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
Personality formation
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Creative arts
Effortful control.

41. Findings from the research of Kenneth and Mamie Clark has led psychologists to conclude that...
Increases; decreases
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Script.
Gina - an early-maturing female

42. Which of the following statements about the development of the brain during early childhood is TRUE?

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43. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
Conservation.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Slower
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.

44. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

45. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
Specific learning disabilities.
Compensation.
Differential reinforcement
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.

46. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Empathy
Apprenticeship
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Differential reinforcement

47. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Internalizing problems.
Microsystem

48. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Biological maturation.
Postconventional level
Sociodramatic play

49. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
positive emotions
Chlamydia
Deviancy in adolescence.
Having extended family involved in their lives.

50. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
puberty
Internalizing problems.
Increases; decreases