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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Being poor in early childhood is ___________ challenging to children's well-being than being poor later in life.
Effortful control.
More
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Differential reinforcement

2. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Dyslexia.
Mental operations.
Risky and potentially harmful.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.

3. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
More rigid
Identity assumption
Specific learning disabilities.

4. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Identity formation
Chlamydia
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Violence

5. Research on fathers suggests that...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Slower
The Oedipus complex.
Need about 8 hours.

6. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Identity formation
Auxiliary hair appears
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Apprenticeship

7. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
Independent.
to be enrolled in preschool
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Theory of mind.

8. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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9. Authoritarian
Social and emotional development.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Skipping.
. the social goal

10. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Confusing appearance and reality.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives

11. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development - children between the ages of 2 and 6...
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
stereotypes
Spermarche.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.

12. having extended family involved in their lives.
direct instruction - Play
Need about 8 hours.
The survival goal.
Enabling interactions

13. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Internalizing problems.
Auxiliary hair appears
Spermarche.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

14. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
The survival goal.
Identification through differentiation

15. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Identity assumption
slowly
clique
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.

16. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Personal distress
. saturated self.
Emotional climate of family

17. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Me-self
Gina - an early-maturing female
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Mental operations.

18. The process by which children acquire the knowledge - standards - and values of their society is referred to as...
Authoritarian
controlling conflict within a social group.
Socialization.
Inability to categorize objects

19. During puberty - girls and boys may experience negative psychological consequences Which may be linked to...
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Stage 4

20. A primary sex characteristic...
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
The Oedipus complex.
Uterus growth.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.

21. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Violence
Uneven and variable
Exosystem.
A performance orientation.

22. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
puberty
Experience sampling method.
Reciprocal teaching.

23. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
Emerging adulthood.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.

24. The process of associating the letters of the alphabet with corresponding phonemes in the spoken language is referred to as...
Autobiographical memory.
Decoding.
Cultural socialization
Emerging adulthood.

25. The most common STI in the U.S. is...
Increases
The human papillomavirus.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

26. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Identification through differentiation
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Stage 4

27. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
Confusing appearance and reality.
Authoritative
direct instruction - Play
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking

28. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Exosystem.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

29. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
Plan ahead.
Privileged domains.
Authoritarian
Agility.

30. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Transductivity.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Higher levels of intelligence
Foreclosure.

31. Developmentalists call the development of children's own unique patterns of feeling - thinking - and behaving in a variety of circumstances ________________.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Homophily.
to be enrolled in preschool
Personality formation

32. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Self-regulatory capacity.
Financial recession.
Me-self
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.

33. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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34. The term gonads refers to...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Kitchen.
Flynn effect.
The ovaries and the testes.

35. Knowledge about one's own memory processes is referred to as...
Metamemory.
Mental operations.
positive emotions
Transductivity.

36. The game 'Simon Says' requires children to employ...
Transductivity.
Effortful control.
At risk for obesity.
An entity model of intelligence.

37. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
The ovaries and the testes.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
direct instruction - Play
Biological maturation.

38. Focusing on changes within specific areas of knowledge acquisition is most closely associated with...
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Privileged domains.
Experience sampling method.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

39. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
Inability to categorize objects
Computer.
clique
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.

40. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
Formal operations.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Socioeconomic status.
Authoritative

41. In adolescence - cliques serve to...
support emotion and security needs.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

42. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Empathy
Uterus growth.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

43. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Spermarche.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Computer.
Stage 4

44. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Piaget
Authoritarian
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Self-regulatory capacity.

45. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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46. Not the result of the maturation of the frontal lobe?
Higher levels of intelligence
Social interaction
Thought processes.
Moratorium

47. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
School-cutoff strategy.
Skipping.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
A performance orientation.

48. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Multiple intelligences.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Girls report feelings of coercion.

49. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Foreclosure.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
. the social goal

50. During early childhood the growth rates of the body and brain are _________ than they were in infancy.
Personal distress
Slower
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.