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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Formal operations
Deviancy in adolescence.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Neighborhood physical disorder.

2. The most common STI in the U.S. is...
Independent.
The survival goal.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
The human papillomavirus.

3. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
. psychodynamic view
. saturated self.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Disciplinarian

4. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Computer.
. the social goal
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Microsystem

5. The pleasure young children take in using their new motor skills is referred to as...
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Motor drive

6. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
. children older than seven years of age
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Mental operations.

7. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Specific learning disabilities.
Prevention science.

8. A three-year-old who believes that a cat wearing a dog mask has actually become a dog is probably...
Confusing appearance and reality.
Identity formation
Formal operations.
An entity model of intelligence.

9. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Me-self

10. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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11. Authoritative parents are...
Emphasize obedience.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Foreclosure.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

12. The process of associating the letters of the alphabet with corresponding phonemes in the spoken language is referred to as...
Decoding.
Not supported by research
Formal operations
Stage 4

13. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
clique
Risky and potentially harmful.
stereotypes
Cultural socialization

14. Reciprocal teaching incorporates...
The Oedipus complex.
to be enrolled in preschool
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.

15. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Decoding.
. children older than seven years of age
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'

16. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Privileged domains.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Postconventional level
Moratorium

17. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Independent.
Identification.
stereotypes
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

18. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
The model does not include a morality of care.
Decision making

19. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Decreases; remains the same
Social and emotional development.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Social intelligence.

20. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Flynn effect.
Compensation.
Differential reinforcement

21. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Creative arts
Financial recession.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.

22. The understanding that the properties of an object or substance remain the same even if its appearance is altered in some superficial way is called...
Conservation.
Plan ahead.
. psychodynamic view
Reciprocal teaching.

23. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Puberty.
School-cutoff strategy.
controlling conflict within a social group.

24. According to information-processing approach to cognitive development - before stimulation from the environment (or 'input') can be stored in either short-term memory or long-term memory - it must pass through the...
Sensory register
Decreases; remains the same
Differential reinforcement
Theory theory

25. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Emotional climate of family
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Compensation.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.

26. Not a protective factor
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Financial recession.
Uterus growth.
Gay and lesbian parents

27. By helping children to recall and interpret events in which they have participated - adults help children acquire an enduring sense of themselves by creating a sort of personal narrative - referred to as the child's...
Autobiographical memory.
Financial recession.
more
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.

28. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Gay and lesbian parents
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Reasoning about spatial perspectives

29. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
direct instruction - Play
Theory of mind.

30. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
Empathy
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Slower

31. According to Piaget - _____________ is an important source of cognitive conflict.
Social interaction
Decrease in efficiency
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
direct instruction - Play

32. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Puberty.
Uterus growth.
Conservation.

33. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

34. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
Personal and social conventional
When parents are not getting along
Identity formation
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.

35. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Script.
School-cutoff strategy.
Exosystem.

36. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
Autobiographical memory.
Spermarche.
Creative arts
Transductivity.

37. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
Piaget
Specific learning disabilities.
School-cutoff strategy.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.

38. Throughout adolescence - boys do not tend to have more ___________ than girls.
An entity model of intelligence.
positive emotions
. children older than seven years of age
The model does not include a morality of care.

39. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
A scale error
Identity assumption
12 to 15 hours
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.

40. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Identification.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
support emotion and security needs.

41. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
direct instruction - Play
throw a ball overhand.
Genetic and environmental factors.

42. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Authoritative
Personal and social conventional
slowly

43. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Sociodramatic play.
Piaget
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.

44. Being poor in early childhood is ___________ challenging to children's well-being than being poor later in life.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
More
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

45. According to research - what seems to be associated with the emotional intensity and sensation-seeking behavior experienced by many adolescents?
Egocentrism
Gina - an early-maturing female
Social conventional; personal
An infusion of pubertal hormones

46. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Risky and potentially harmful.
Financial recession.
Sensory register
12 to 15 hours

47. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Spermarche.
Moratorium

48. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Thought processes.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Deviancy in adolescence.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

49. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Conservation.

50. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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Human Development - HDFC

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