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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In this stage of sexual identity development are sexual-minority individuals who have come to terms with their homosexuality and are 'out' in their communities?
Increases; decreases
Identity integration
Agility.
. the social goal

2. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
The human papillomavirus.
Foreclosure.

3. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
When parents are not getting along
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

4. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Autobiographical memory.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
Violence
Foreclosure.

5. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Emerging adulthood.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Rehearsal.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.

6. In which category of ethnic socialization do parents who promote ethnic pride and emphasize cultural heritage fall?
A performance orientation.
Biological maturation.
Cultural socialization
Decoding.

7. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
support emotion and security needs.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Not supported by research

8. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
Theory theory
Cultural socialization
Higher levels of intelligence
Differential reinforcement

9. In adolescence - cliques serve to...
Skipping.
Slower
Exosystem.
support emotion and security needs.

10. Throughout adolescence - boys do not tend to have more ___________ than girls.
A performance orientation.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
positive emotions

11. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Puberty.
When parents are not getting along
Moratorium
Piaget

12. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
Uneven and variable
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
controlling conflict within a social group.
More

13. Various studies of the influence of television violence on children's behavior have found...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Skipping.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

14. A child who thinks that people cannot get any smarter than they already are holds...
An entity model of intelligence.
The drawer in the in kitchen
Self-regulatory capacity.
Internalizing problems.

15. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Gay and lesbian parents
Specific learning disabilities.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

16. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
Identity assumption
slowly
Sociodramatic play.
Theory of mind.

17. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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18. Not the result of the maturation of the frontal lobe?
Slower
controlling conflict within a social group.
Higher levels of intelligence
Elaboration.

19. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Metamemory.
Realistic mathematics education.

20. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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21. A child's ability to recognize that two rows of pennies each with the same number of pennies have the same number of pennies when one row of pennies is longer than the other is called...
The drawer in the in kitchen
Compensation.
Conservation.
Emphasize obedience.

22. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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23. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Masturbation
Sociodramatic play.
Differential reinforcement

24. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
Decoding.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.

25. The game 'Simon Says' requires children to employ...
Personality formation
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Effortful control.
Spermarche.

26. Children adopting an entity theory of intelligence are more likely than others to...

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27. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Decoding.
slowly
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

28. Authoritarian
Differential reinforcement
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Social and emotional development.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

29. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
Moratorium
More
Theory theory
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.

30. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
Plan ahead.
Empathy
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Computer.

31. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Improvement in social status
Puberty.
Increases
Theory of mind.

32. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Formal operations.
Genetic and environmental factors.
Self-regulatory capacity.

33. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Increases; decreases
Specific learning disabilities.

34. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
direct instruction - Play
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.

35. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
Auxiliary hair appears
Genetic and environmental factors.
Foreclosure.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.

36. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Egocentrism
. the social goal
More
Disciplinarian

37. Focusing on changes within specific areas of knowledge acquisition is most closely associated with...
Privileged domains.
An infusion of pubertal hormones
A. more wooden buttons.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.

38. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
Piaget
Genetic and environmental factors.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.

39. According to Piaget -...
The survival goal.
A scale error
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Differential reinforcement

40. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Specific learning disabilities.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

41. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Spermarche.
Uterus growth.
Piaget
Violence

42. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Improvement in social status
. children older than seven years of age
A performance orientation.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

43. A child's representation of going to the supermarket is an example of a...
Script.
Foreclosure.
positive emotions
Internalizing problems.

44. Studies comparing schooled and nonschooled students have demonstrated that...
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Mental operations.
Privileged domains.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning

45. Which of the following do(es) NOT have clear negative influences on children's development?
Gay and lesbian parents
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
puberty
Homophily.

46. Authoritative parents are...
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Internalizing problems.

47. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Interdependence
Social conventional; personal
Social intelligence.

48. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Elaboration.
Enabling interactions
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Gay and lesbian parents

49. Developmentalists call the development of children's own unique patterns of feeling - thinking - and behaving in a variety of circumstances ________________.
Personality formation
Decrease in efficiency
Differential reinforcement
controlling conflict within a social group.

50. A primary sex characteristic...
Uterus growth.
Violence
The model does not include a morality of care.
Flynn effect.

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Human Development - HDFC

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