Human Development - HDFC

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Genetic and environmental factors.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Relational aggression
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.


2. Which of the following categories of racial socialization messages appears to be associated with stronger cognitive abilities and fewer behavior problems among African-American children?
More rigid
Cultural socialization
Personal and social conventional
Sociodramatic play.


3. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Compensation.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Sociodramatic play.


4. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Elaboration.
Chlamydia
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)


5. The process of associating the letters of the alphabet with corresponding phonemes in the spoken language is referred to as...
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Decoding.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Identification.


6. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
A scale error
Improvement in social status
Theory theory
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.


7. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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8. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Increases; decreases
more
stereotypes
Realistic mathematics education.


9. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Improvement in social status
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently


10. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
. psychodynamic view
slowly


11. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
The model does not include a morality of care.
Identity integration
. children older than seven years of age


12. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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13. The most common STI in the U.S. is...
The human papillomavirus.
Creative arts
Identity integration
. Decoding


14. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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15. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Formal operations


16. The extent to which friends are similar to one another is referred to as...
Homophily.
Relational aggression
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Emphasize obedience.


17. NOT characteristic of school problems?
Skipping.
Violence
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Interdependence


18. A male's first ejaculation is called...
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Spermarche.
Moratorium


19. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
The model does not include a morality of care.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


20. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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21. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
An entity model of intelligence.
Socialization.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.


22. A child two years of age can do all of the following EXCEPT...
. saturated self.
throw a ball overhand.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


23. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
to be enrolled in preschool
Creative arts
At risk for obesity.


24. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Chlamydia
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.


25. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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26. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Confusing appearance and reality.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.


27. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Social intelligence.
Decision making
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking


28. A child's ability to recognize that two rows of pennies each with the same number of pennies have the same number of pennies when one row of pennies is longer than the other is called...
Cultural socialization
Conservation.
Rehearsal.
Formal operations.


29. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
Plan ahead.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Authoritative
Socioeconomic status.


30. A child who says - 'I can't do that' after failing at a task holds...
A performance orientation.
Inability to categorize objects
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Increases; decreases


31. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Identity integration
Kitchen.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Thought processes.


32. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Exosystem.
Emerging adulthood.
Biological maturation.
Gay and lesbian parents


33. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Gina - an early-maturing female
Auxiliary hair appears
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.


34. Girls begin ________ earlier than boys do.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Higher levels of intelligence
puberty


35. When talking about their sexual debut -...
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Risky and potentially harmful.
. psychodynamic view
Gina - an early-maturing female


36. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Social intelligence.
Egocentrism
Disciplinarian


37. Reciprocal teaching incorporates...
Experience sampling method.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Emphasize obedience.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.


38. Knowledge about one's own memory processes is referred to as...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Metamemory.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.


39. Authoritarian
Social and emotional development.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Elaboration.


40. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Cultural socialization
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Emotional climate of family
Moratorium


41. In adolescence - cliques serve to...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
support emotion and security needs.
Conservation.
Internalizing problems.


42. The term gonads refers to...
Higher levels of intelligence
Identification through differentiation
12 to 15 hours
The ovaries and the testes.


43. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Self-regulatory capacity.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
Me-self


44. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
Social interaction
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Dyslexia.


45. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
support emotion and security needs.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Authoritative


46. Refers to the object-self and includes all of the things that people know about themselves - such as their social relationships and their traits
Me-self
Identity formation
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Realistic mathematics education.


47. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Effortful control.
When parents are not getting along
Girls report feelings of coercion.


48. A young child trying to climb into a doll's cradle is demonstrating...
Agility.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
A scale error
An entity model of intelligence.


49. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Internalizing problems.
more
Spermarche.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.


50. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Interdependence
Gina - an early-maturing female