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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Emotional climate of family
Identity formation
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Inability to categorize objects

2. According to Marcia - an adolescent who reports high levels of commitment and low levels of exploration is said to be in...
Uneven and variable
Need about 8 hours.
Foreclosure.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.

3. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Authoritarian
Decrease in efficiency
An infusion of pubertal hormones
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

4. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Culture-sensitive instruction.
. the social goal
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
positive emotions

5. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Gina - an early-maturing female
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Social interaction
Decrease in efficiency

6. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Identity assumption
Thought processes.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.

7. When talking about their sexual debut -...
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Biological maturation.
Prosocial behavior
Girls report feelings of coercion.

8. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
Decoding.
Enabling interactions
Specific learning disabilities.
When parents are not getting along

9. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Creative arts
slowly
Apprenticeship

10. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Socioeconomic status.
A. more wooden buttons.
Kitchen.

11. In middle childhood - boys are not better than girls at...
Decoding.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Skipping.
Personal and social conventional

12. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
The Oedipus complex.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
When parents are not getting along
Interdependence

13. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
. saturated self.
The survival goal.
Reciprocal teaching.
Identity assumption

14. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Spermarche.
Decoding.
transductive reasoning
A. more wooden buttons.

15. Which of the following categories of racial socialization messages appears to be associated with stronger cognitive abilities and fewer behavior problems among African-American children?
Flynn effect.
Increases
Cultural socialization
Self-regulatory capacity.

16. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Genetic and environmental factors.
Identification.
Postconventional level
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

17. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
A scale error
Identification.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

18. _____________ text is one of the most basic reading skills.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Compensation.
. Decoding
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

19. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
Genetic and environmental factors.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.

20. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
. children older than seven years of age
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Violence
Cultural socialization

21. Which type of aggression are preschool aged girls more likely to engage in than preschool boys?
Relational aggression
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Self-regulatory capacity.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.

22. In many western cultures - male stereotypes are __________ than female stereotypes
stereotypes
Motor drive
Socialization.
More rigid

23. Piaget believed that the greatest limitation to young children's thinking was...
Social and emotional development.
support emotion and security needs.
Transductivity.
Microsystem

24. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Authoritarian
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
positive emotions
Multiple intelligences.

25. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Increases; decreases
Personal distress
Disciplinarian
Gay and lesbian parents

26. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Compensation.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.

27. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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28. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
Differential reinforcement
Biological maturation.
Script.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.

29. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Authoritative
Socialization.
Independent.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.

30. LeVine proposed that three major goals are shared by parents the world over. Not among them?
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Cultural socialization
. the social goal

31. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
support emotion and security needs.
Cultural socialization
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.

32. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
Uneven and variable
Deviancy in adolescence.
Auxiliary hair appears
Risky and potentially harmful.

33. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
Foreclosure.
When parents are not getting along
Emerging adulthood.
Genetic and environmental factors.

34. How many hours of sleep in a 24-hour period should a child between the ages of 2 and 5 get?
12 to 15 hours
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Conservation.

35. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Privileged domains.
Social and emotional development.
Identity integration
Elaboration.

36. Studies of poor families suggest that such factors as stress - the dangerous circumstances of daily life in poor areas - and the nature of parents' jobs tend to cause poor parents to...
Skipping.
Emphasize obedience.
Theory theory
Financial recession.

37. A primary sex characteristic...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
. children older than seven years of age
Uterus growth.
stereotypes

38. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Exosystem.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Culture-sensitive instruction.

39. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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40. Various studies of the influence of television violence on children's behavior have found...
Masturbation
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Formal operations.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other

41. The pleasure young children take in using their new motor skills is referred to as...
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Empathy
Motor drive
Neighborhood physical disorder.

42. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
At risk for obesity.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
Metamemory.

43. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
Socialization.
Social intelligence.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence

44. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Confusing appearance and reality.
Stage 4
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Elaboration.

45. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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46. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Compensation.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
An infusion of pubertal hormones

47. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Internalizing problems.
. psychodynamic view
Puberty.

48. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development - children between the ages of 2 and 6...
Conservation.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.

49. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
Identification through differentiation
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Decision making

50. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
12 to 15 hours