Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Foreclosure.
to be enrolled in preschool
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.


2. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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3. The use of meaningful activities - supporting basic skills - and employing mathematical models in the learning of math are components of...
Me-self
Realistic mathematics education.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Puberty.


4. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Metamemory.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Culture-sensitive instruction.


5. The fear - guilt - and conflict stirred up by a boy's desire to kill his father and live with his mother taking his father's place is known as...
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
More rigid
The Oedipus complex.


6. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
to be enrolled in preschool
Microsystem
Personal distress


7. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Script.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.


8. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Chlamydia
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.


9. When talking about their sexual debut -...
Inability to categorize objects
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Postconventional level


10. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Empathy
Reciprocal teaching.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Authoritative


11. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Identity assumption
Masturbation
Compensation.


12. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Creative arts
slowly
Girls report feelings of coercion.


13. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
Cultural socialization
controlling conflict within a social group.
Sociodramatic play
Dyslexia.


14. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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15. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Prosocial behavior
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
direct instruction - Play


16. As metacognition develops over middle childhood - children...
Multiple intelligences.
Slower
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
puberty


17. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
Deviancy in adolescence.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Sociodramatic play
Experience sampling method.


18. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
More rigid
Decrease in efficiency
Theory theory
Identification through differentiation


19. Research in which participants carry electronic pagers that beep at random intervals - signaling that they need to fill out a brief report on their current feelings is called...
. Decoding
Conservation.
Experience sampling method.
Prosocial behavior


20. In adolescence - boys' crying _______________ in frequency; while girls' crying ________________ in frequency.
Decreases; remains the same
direct instruction - Play
Differential reinforcement
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.


21. Gardner proposed a theory of intelligence that included...
Multiple intelligences.
Emotional climate of family
Reciprocal teaching.
Enabling interactions


22. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Internalizing problems.
. the social goal
Self-regulatory capacity.
Increases; decreases


23. NOT characteristic of school problems?
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Personality formation
Gay and lesbian parents
Rehearsal.


24. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Autobiographical memory.
Having extended family involved in their lives.


25. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
At risk for obesity.
Motor drive
Flynn effect.
Deviancy in adolescence.


26. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Skipping.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Conservation.
. saturated self.


27. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Kitchen.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.


28. Concrete operations are mental operations that deal with...
Decision making
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
More rigid


29. Increasing decentration in middle childhood allows children to engage in...
Mental operations.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Skipping.


30. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
Puberty.
. children older than seven years of age
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
controlling conflict within a social group.


31. In terms of sleep - adolescents...
Need about 8 hours.
Thought processes.
Empathy
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.


32. Children adopting an entity theory of intelligence are more likely than others to...

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33. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
. psychodynamic view
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.


34. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Decoding.
Conservation.
Empathy


35. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Specific learning disabilities.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Plan ahead.


36. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
Internalizing problems.
Transductivity.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.


37. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
Personality formation
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
transductive reasoning
Realistic mathematics education.


38. Adolescent boys and girls - whose friends engage in high levels of disruptive behavior at the beginning of a school year - are more likely to experience ___________ in the level of their own disruptive behavior later in the school year.
Authoritarian
Increases
to be enrolled in preschool
Apprenticeship


39. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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40. Developmentalists call the development of children's own unique patterns of feeling - thinking - and behaving in a variety of circumstances ________________.
Personality formation
Slower
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Auxiliary hair appears


41. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Emerging adulthood.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.


42. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Sociodramatic play.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Inability to categorize objects
Sensory register


43. Aggression results from urges that build up over time until they are released in an explosion of violence.
transductive reasoning
Prevention science.
A scale error
Not supported by research


44. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Independent.
Postconventional level
Identity integration


45. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Identification.
At risk for obesity.
. children older than seven years of age
Formal operations.


46. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Computer.
Stage 4
The Oedipus complex.


47. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
Formal operations.
stereotypes
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.


48. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Personal and social conventional
A performance orientation.
Multiple intelligences.


49. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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50. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Biological maturation.
Violence
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
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