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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. According to research - which parental interactions lead to healthy psychological and identity development in teenagers?
Compensation.
Enabling interactions
Risky and potentially harmful.
Formal operations

2. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
Mental operations.
Realistic mathematics education.
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

3. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Apprenticeship
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Improvement in social status
Cultural socialization

4. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Increases; decreases
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Authoritative

5. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Emerging adulthood.
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Egocentrism

6. Alfred Binet is known for creating...
Social intelligence.
Privileged domains.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Social interaction

7. A child who thinks that people cannot get any smarter than they already are holds...
An entity model of intelligence.
Social intelligence.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
positive emotions

8. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
Reciprocal teaching.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Relational aggression
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other

9. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Realistic mathematics education.
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.
Moratorium

10. In adolescence - cliques serve to...
Privileged domains.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
support emotion and security needs.
Authoritative

11. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
At risk for obesity.
Conservation.
Neighborhood physical disorder.

12. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
Sociodramatic play
Chlamydia
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
When parents are not getting along

13. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Uneven and variable
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Independent.
Compensation.

14. In Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning - at which level does reasoning require people to go beyond the existing social conventions to consider more abstract principles of right and wrong?
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Identification.
Experience sampling method.
Postconventional level

15. In middle childhood - boys are not better than girls at...
Social interaction
Authoritarian
Skipping.
. psychodynamic view

16. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Biological maturation.
. the social goal
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning

17. Authoritative parents are...
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Cultural socialization
Compensation.
Relational aggression

18. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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19. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Homophily.
throw a ball overhand.
Apprenticeship
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.

20. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
clique
Conservation.
Spermarche.
Higher levels of intelligence

21. Tudge's research on children's everyday activities demonstrated that
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
The drawer in the in kitchen
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.

22. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Cultural socialization
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Piaget
Foreclosure.

23. Compared to teenage girls - teenage boys' friendships are...
At risk for obesity.
Conservation.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

24. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Realistic mathematics education.
Puberty.

25. During early childhood the growth rates of the body and brain are _________ than they were in infancy.
Slower
Kitchen.
Risky and potentially harmful.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.

26. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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27. Not a risk factor for child abuse?
Decreases; remains the same
Identification.
. children older than seven years of age
A performance orientation.

28. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Enabling interactions
Prevention science.
Chlamydia
Compensation.

29. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Computer.
Decision making
transductive reasoning
Differential reinforcement

30. One of the most important predictors of the well-being of children in single-parent families is...
Biological maturation.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Socioeconomic status.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning

31. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Rehearsal.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence

32. A primary sex characteristic...
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Uterus growth.
clique
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.

33. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Deviancy in adolescence.
The human papillomavirus.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
slowly

34. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Foreclosure.
Personal distress
Piaget

35. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Plan ahead.
Effortful control.

36. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
Emerging adulthood.
Homophily.
Decrease in efficiency
Theory of mind.

37. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
slowly
Risky and potentially harmful.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.

38. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Genetic and environmental factors.
Microsystem
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.

39. How many hours of sleep in a 24-hour period should a child between the ages of 2 and 5 get?
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
12 to 15 hours
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
to be enrolled in preschool

40. Being poor in early childhood is ___________ challenging to children's well-being than being poor later in life.
More
. children older than seven years of age
Theory theory
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence

41. Not a protective factor
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
more
Theory of mind.
Financial recession.

42. Not the result of the maturation of the frontal lobe?
Social conventional; personal
Higher levels of intelligence
stereotypes
Cultural socialization

43. Which of the following has the strongest effect on the quality of sibling relationships?
Decision making
Emotional climate of family
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.

44. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Increases; decreases
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Specific learning disabilities.
Compensation.

45. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
Interdependence
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Conservation.
Elaboration.

46. Disturbances in emotion or mood such as guilt - depression and anxiety are known as...
Financial recession.
. the social goal
Internalizing problems.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.

47. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
Empathy
transductive reasoning
Independent.
Having extended family involved in their lives.

48. EEG coherence refers to the synchronization of...
Skipping.
to be enrolled in preschool
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.

49. Studies comparing schooled and nonschooled students have demonstrated that...
Socioeconomic status.
Experience sampling method.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

50. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Identity integration
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Personal distress

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Human Development - HDFC

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