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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
clique
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Identification through differentiation

2. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Mental operations.
Postconventional level
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.

3. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
Genetic and environmental factors.
Prevention science.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.

4. Young minority children who are economically disadvantaged benefit from...
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Authoritative
. Decoding
Having extended family involved in their lives.

5. Which of the following statements about the development of the brain during early childhood is TRUE?

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6. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
School-cutoff strategy.
Sociodramatic play
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Decreases; remains the same

7. Height and body weight in childhood are affected by...
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Authoritative
Genetic and environmental factors.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy

8. Not a characteristic of a child who has recently entered Piaget's preoperational stage?
More
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Inability to categorize objects
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.

9. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Computer.
Exosystem.
12 to 15 hours

10. A child who says - 'I can't do that' after failing at a task holds...
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Script.
A performance orientation.

11. Not a protective factor
Postconventional level
Financial recession.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.

12. According to research - which parental interactions lead to healthy psychological and identity development in teenagers?
Enabling interactions
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Having extended family involved in their lives.

13. How many hours of sleep in a 24-hour period should a child between the ages of 2 and 5 get?
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
12 to 15 hours
Personality formation

14. Similarity between friends can contribute to...
Specific learning disabilities.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

15. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
Personality formation
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Social conventional; personal
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

16. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Transductivity.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Social and emotional development.
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.

17. A primary sex characteristic...
Uterus growth.
support emotion and security needs.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Emphasize obedience.

18. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Social and emotional development.
Auxiliary hair appears
Computer.
Emerging adulthood.

19. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Spermarche.
Gina - an early-maturing female
Skipping.
Decrease in efficiency

20. According to Piaget -...
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Puberty.
Social and emotional development.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.

21. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
Social and emotional development.
Social intelligence.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
Independent.

22. By helping children to recall and interpret events in which they have participated - adults help children acquire an enduring sense of themselves by creating a sort of personal narrative - referred to as the child's...
Autobiographical memory.
. saturated self.
Moratorium
Prevention science.

23. Which STI is the most commonly reported in the U.S.?
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Chlamydia
Realistic mathematics education.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.

24. Knowledge about one's own memory processes is referred to as...
Dyslexia.
Metamemory.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Slower

25. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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26. Disturbances in emotion or mood such as guilt - depression and anxiety are known as...
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Internalizing problems.
The ovaries and the testes.

27. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
An entity model of intelligence.
Sociodramatic play.
Increases; decreases
Neighborhood physical disorder.

28. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
positive emotions
Metamemory.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Sociodramatic play

29. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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30. Hitting another child to get a toy is an example of...
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Instrumental aggression.
Genetic and environmental factors.

31. Cross-cultural research on memory has demonstrated that...
Prevention science.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
More rigid
Authoritarian

32. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Chlamydia
Microsystem
Identity formation
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.

33. ccording to Kohlberg's cognitive explanation of sex-role identity formation - children go through three stages...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.

34. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Kitchen.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.

35. Studies of poor families suggest that such factors as stress - the dangerous circumstances of daily life in poor areas - and the nature of parents' jobs tend to cause poor parents to...
Spermarche.
Emphasize obedience.
More rigid
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate

36. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Compensation.
Internalizing problems.
Uneven and variable
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)

37. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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38. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
to be enrolled in preschool
School-cutoff strategy.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Creative arts

39. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Autobiographical memory.
Social intelligence.
Cultural socialization

40. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
Slower
Decrease in efficiency
Stage 4
Dyslexia.

41. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
positive emotions
. psychodynamic view
Stage 4

42. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
to be enrolled in preschool
Identity assumption
Uterus growth.
At risk for obesity.

43. Research on parent-adolescent relationships suggests that a great deal of conflict arises because of differences in opinion about the boundaries between which two social domains?
Effortful control.
Interdependence
Personal and social conventional
Cultural socialization

44. During puberty - girls and boys may experience negative psychological consequences Which may be linked to...
Compensation.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Conservation.
Cultural socialization

45. Not thought to be a factor involved in the differences between girls' and boys' emotional reactions to puberty?
Risky and potentially harmful.
Disciplinarian
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.

46. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Authoritative
transductive reasoning
Emotional climate of family
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.

47. A psychological process in which children try to look - act - feel - and be like significant people in their social environment is referred to as...
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Identification.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Decoding.

48. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Identity formation
The model does not include a morality of care.
puberty
A scale error

49. Chanting the names of the items that one needs to buy at the store is an example of...
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Uneven and variable
Script.
Rehearsal.

50. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Flynn effect.
Increases; decreases
Conservation.