Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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2. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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3. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
The Oedipus complex.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.


4. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Stage 4
Risky and potentially harmful.
Identification.
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.


5. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
The drawer in the in kitchen
Auxiliary hair appears
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Dyslexia.


6. Research on young children demonstrates that high levels of ______________ measured at the beginning of a year is associated with high levels of self-regulation when measured later in the same year.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Sociodramatic play
A scale error
Formal operations


7. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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8. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
Agility.
Homophily.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Independent.


9. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Transductivity.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo


10. Children whose cultural backgrounds emphasize __________ may tend to fare poorly in most U.S. classroom settings.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Interdependence
Compensation.


11. Research on learning mathematics has revealed that...
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Higher levels of intelligence
Theory of mind.
Socioeconomic status.


12. Play in which two or more children cooperatively enact a variety of roles is referred to as...
Need about 8 hours.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Risky and potentially harmful.
Sociodramatic play.


13. Cross-cultural studies of concrete operations demonstrate that...

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14. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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15. Research in which participants carry electronic pagers that beep at random intervals - signaling that they need to fill out a brief report on their current feelings is called...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Independent.
Slower
Experience sampling method.


16. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Mental operations.
Realistic mathematics education.
Identity formation
Uneven and variable


17. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Authoritative
Identity assumption
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Authoritarian


18. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
Internalizing problems.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
The survival goal.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


19. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
Transductivity.
Social conventional; personal
Effortful control.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.


20. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
Prosocial behavior
controlling conflict within a social group.
Compensation.
Rehearsal.


21. A psychological process in which children try to look - act - feel - and be like significant people in their social environment is referred to as...
Identification.
Autobiographical memory.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Social and emotional development.


22. According to information-processing approach to cognitive development - before stimulation from the environment (or 'input') can be stored in either short-term memory or long-term memory - it must pass through the...
Sensory register
transductive reasoning
Compensation.
Personal distress


23. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
controlling conflict within a social group.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Formal operations
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


24. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
to be enrolled in preschool
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
The drawer in the in kitchen


25. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Exosystem.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
stereotypes
Emphasize obedience.


26. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Exosystem.
Uneven and variable
Reciprocal teaching.


27. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
Identification through differentiation
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Auxiliary hair appears


28. Not one of the three major parenting patterns identified by Baumrind?
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Emotional climate of family
Decoding.
Disciplinarian


29. having extended family involved in their lives.
more
The survival goal.
A. more wooden buttons.
School-cutoff strategy.


30. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Emotional climate of family
Agility.
Identity assumption
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.


31. Aggression results from urges that build up over time until they are released in an explosion of violence.
Not supported by research
Risky and potentially harmful.
Spermarche.
Kitchen.


32. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Privileged domains.
. saturated self.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Sociodramatic play


33. Tudge's research on children's everyday activities demonstrated that
Theory of mind.
Kitchen.
Emphasize obedience.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.


34. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
Effortful control.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
clique
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.


35. A teacher and a small group of students read silently through segments of text and take turns leading discussion of their meaning. This is an example of...
clique
Reciprocal teaching.
Financial recession.
Social intelligence.


36. Not a characteristic of a child who has recently entered Piaget's preoperational stage?
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Inability to categorize objects
more
Decoding.


37. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
A performance orientation.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Increases; decreases
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.


38. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
A performance orientation.


39. In which stage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning is a child whose reasoning involves 'law-and-order morality'?
Stage 4
Me-self
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.


40. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
Compensation.
Computer.
Specific learning disabilities.
Social conventional; personal


41. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Social conventional; personal
Personal and social conventional


42. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Creative arts
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


43. According to Piaget -...
The Oedipus complex.
Risky and potentially harmful.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Internalizing problems.


44. Authoritative parents are...
A. more wooden buttons.
Instrumental aggression.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children


45. The process of associating the letters of the alphabet with corresponding phonemes in the spoken language is referred to as...
School-cutoff strategy.
Decoding.
Risky and potentially harmful.
Thought processes.


46. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Social interaction
Need about 8 hours.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
Chlamydia


47. The game 'Simon Says' requires children to employ...
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.
The ovaries and the testes.
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Effortful control.


48. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Skipping.
Violence
to be enrolled in preschool
Kitchen.


49. Research on parent-adolescent relationships suggests that a great deal of conflict arises because of differences in opinion about the boundaries between which two social domains?
Personal and social conventional
Risky and potentially harmful.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy
Financial recession.


50. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Thought processes.
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Biological maturation.
Uterus growth.