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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Confusing appearance and reality.
Improvement in social status
Instrumental aggression.
Deviancy in adolescence.

2. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
Theory theory
Stage 4
Flynn effect.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.

3. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
Creative arts
The human papillomavirus.
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Girls report feelings of coercion.

4. The understanding that the properties of an object or substance remain the same even if its appearance is altered in some superficial way is called...
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Multiple intelligences.
Conservation.
puberty

5. The 'known-answer question' is a type of question that is rare in everyday adult conversation but is commonly used in...
Plan ahead.
Formal operations.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.

6. Which of the following pairs best describes the cognitive development of children between the ages of 2 and 5?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Privileged domains.
Uneven and variable

7. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
more
The survival goal.
Authoritative
Sensory register

8. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Increases; decreases
Apprenticeship
A. more wooden buttons.
Enabling interactions

9. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Independent.
direct instruction - Play
Decoding.
At risk for obesity.

10. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
stereotypes
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
Sensory register

11. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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12. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Gina - an early-maturing female
Social intelligence.
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

13. How does gender schema theory differ from cognitive-development theory?
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
. psychodynamic view
Need about 8 hours.
. children older than seven years of age

14. According to Piaget -...
Thought processes.
Sociodramatic play
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
The human papillomavirus.

15. In terms of sleep - adolescents...
Risky and potentially harmful.
Need about 8 hours.
The survival goal.
Prevention science.

16. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Identification.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
. the social goal
Thought processes.

17. Which approach does the idea that theory of mind develops from primitive theories of how the world works that are present at birth and modified through experience in the world follow?
Uneven and variable
Cultural socialization
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Theory theory

18. The fear - guilt - and conflict stirred up by a boy's desire to kill his father and live with his mother taking his father's place is known as...
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Theory theory
The Oedipus complex.
throw a ball overhand.

19. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Compensation.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Confusing appearance and reality.
Increases

20. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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21. A child reasons that the change in the level of a quantity of liquid brought about by pouring it from a short - wide beaker to a tall - narrow beaker is not caused by a change in the amount of the liquid - but by the fact that the taller beaker is al
Conservation.
Compensation.
Prevention science.
Elaboration.

22. Research that examines the biological and social processes that lead to maladjustment and healthy development is called...
Prevention science.
Conservation.
School-cutoff strategy.
The drawer in the in kitchen

23. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Conservation.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Neighborhood physical disorder.
The model does not include a morality of care.

24. In adolescence - boys' crying _______________ in frequency; while girls' crying ________________ in frequency.
School-cutoff strategy.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Apprenticeship
Decreases; remains the same

25. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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26. Research on the use of interactive media suggests that boys who play computer games often spend _________ time with their friends outside of school than boys who spend little to no time playing on the computer.
more
School-cutoff strategy.
Social intelligence.
Violence

27. The pleasure young children take in using their new motor skills is referred to as...
Deviancy in adolescence.
Motor drive
Theory theory
Increases

28. Girls begin ________ earlier than boys do.
puberty
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Transductivity.

29. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.

30. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Financial recession.
Risky and potentially harmful.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'

31. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
Flynn effect.
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Personality formation
direct instruction - Play

32. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Elaboration.
positive emotions
Egocentrism
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.

33. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
Agility.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Social intelligence.

34. Which view of moral development suggests that children acquire a sense of What is right and wrong from internalizing the moral standards of their parents?
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Social intelligence.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
. psychodynamic view

35. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Identification through differentiation
Apprenticeship
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Differential reinforcement

36. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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37. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Elaboration.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Apprenticeship

38. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
Decoding.
Dyslexia.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.

39. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Puberty.
Piaget
. saturated self.

40. The extent to which friends are similar to one another is referred to as...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Homophily.
The drawer in the in kitchen
Decision making

41. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
An infusion of pubertal hormones
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Personal distress
Improvement in social status

42. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
A performance orientation.
Formal operations
throw a ball overhand.
transductive reasoning

43. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Formal operations
Sensory register
. Decoding

44. A child's representation of going to the supermarket is an example of a...
Script.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Deviancy in adolescence.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'

45. Knowledge - skills - and attitudes that are precursors to learning to read - write and do math are known as...
An entity model of intelligence.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Script.
transductive reasoning

46. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Motor drive
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

47. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Autobiographical memory.
Identity formation
Identity assumption
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.

48. Studies of parenting practices across ethnic communities have revealed that...
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
controlling conflict within a social group.

49. ______________ is a self-focused emotional reaction in the face of another's distress
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.
Personal distress
Exosystem.
Piaget

50. Piaget believed that the greatest limitation to young children's thinking was...
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Sociodramatic play.
Compensation.
Transductivity.

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Human Development - HDFC

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