Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Relational aggression
School-cutoff strategy.
Personal and social conventional
Socialization.


2. A child's ability to recognize that two rows of pennies each with the same number of pennies have the same number of pennies when one row of pennies is longer than the other is called...
Biological maturation.
Postconventional level
Conservation.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.


3. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Biological maturation.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Spermarche.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.


4. Research on fathers suggests that...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
to be enrolled in preschool
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Puberty.


5. Children whose BMI falls between the 85th and 95th percentile are considered to be...
Effortful control.
. psychodynamic view
Decrease in efficiency
At risk for obesity.


6. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Auxiliary hair appears
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning


7. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Gina - an early-maturing female
Risky and potentially harmful.
Theory of mind.
Gay and lesbian parents


8. A three-year-old who believes that a cat wearing a dog mask has actually become a dog is probably...
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Confusing appearance and reality.
slowly
clique


9. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
direct instruction - Play
Agility.
. saturated self.
Postconventional level


10. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Emotional climate of family
The survival goal.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.


11. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
direct instruction - Play
Flynn effect.
Improvement in social status
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


12. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Enabling interactions
. psychodynamic view
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


13. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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14. The 'known-answer question' is a type of question that is rare in everyday adult conversation but is commonly used in...
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Auxiliary hair appears
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Improvement in social status


15. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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16. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
Social and emotional development.
stereotypes
Formal operations
The ovaries and the testes.


17. A young child trying to climb into a doll's cradle is demonstrating...
A scale error
Identity assumption
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
direct instruction - Play


18. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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19. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
The human papillomavirus.
Self-regulatory capacity.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
transductive reasoning


20. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model - in which ecosystem are daycare centers located?
Inability to categorize objects
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Decreases; remains the same
Microsystem


21. According to Piaget -...
Personal distress
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
more
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.


22. Findings from the research of Kenneth and Mamie Clark has led psychologists to conclude that...
Internalizing problems.
Computer.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.


23. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
Identity integration
Decrease in efficiency
Social interaction
Formal operations


24. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Plan ahead.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Kitchen.


25. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
Specific learning disabilities.
Auxiliary hair appears
Independent.
Realistic mathematics education.


26. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Rehearsal.
. psychodynamic view
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
The model does not include a morality of care.


27. When it comes to television - children between the ages of 4 and 5...

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28. Height and body weight in childhood are affected by...
Genetic and environmental factors.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
A. more wooden buttons.
Motor drive


29. The establishment of a dominance hierarchy may have the effect of...
The model does not include a morality of care.
Theory theory
Computer.
controlling conflict within a social group.


30. having extended family involved in their lives.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Thought processes.
The survival goal.
Effortful control.


31. Reciprocal teaching incorporates...
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
. Decoding
support emotion and security needs.


32. Children adopting an entity theory of intelligence are more likely than others to...

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33. __________ can be characterized as a form of activity that is intermediate between the implicit socialization of everyday family life and the explicit teaching of formal education.
Apprenticeship
more
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Social and emotional development.


34. According to Piaget - _____________ is an important source of cognitive conflict.
Identity integration
Instrumental aggression.
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Social interaction


35. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
Effortful control.
more
Decoding.
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.


36. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
School-cutoff strategy.


37. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
Experience sampling method.
Theory theory
support emotion and security needs.
Theory of mind.


38. NOT characteristic of school problems?
Emerging adulthood.
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Personal and social conventional
Decrease in efficiency


39. Children who watch a lot of programs with violence tend to engage in more aggressive behavior.
stereotypes
to be enrolled in preschool
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Social and emotional development.


40. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Decision making
Specific learning disabilities.
Kitchen.


41. How many hours of sleep in a 24-hour period should a child between the ages of 2 and 5 get?
12 to 15 hours
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
Slower
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.


42. Research that examines the biological and social processes that lead to maladjustment and healthy development is called...
Prosocial behavior
Social and emotional development.
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
Prevention science.


43. Freud attributed adolescent development primarily to...
Agility.
Uterus growth.
Biological maturation.
A scale error


44. Which of the following statements about the development of the brain during early childhood is TRUE?

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45. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Social intelligence.


46. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Egocentrism
Uterus growth.
Kitchen.
Emotional climate of family


47. In adolescence - girls are more likely than boys to experience...
Creative arts
transductive reasoning
Internalizing problems.
Personal distress


48. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
12 to 15 hours
Social intelligence.
Personality formation


49. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Inability to categorize objects
slowly
Cultural socialization


50. Which of the following pairs best describes the cognitive development of children between the ages of 2 and 5?
Uneven and variable
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.
Higher levels of intelligence
Gay and lesbian parents