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Human Development - HDFC

Subject : teaching

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Which of the following do(es) NOT have clear negative influences on children's development?
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.
Gay and lesbian parents
Cultural differences may influence children's performance on the tasks commonly used to assess concrete operational abilities.
Social intelligence.

2. EEG coherence refers to the synchronization of...
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.
Biological maturation.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
throw a ball overhand.

3. When talking about their sexual debut -...
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Internalizing problems.
Girls report feelings of coercion.

4. When three-year-old children are told a story about a little boy who puts candy in a drawer - leaves the room - and doesn't see when his mother then moves the candy into the kitchen - they predict the boy will look for the candy in the...
. saturated self.
Kitchen.
The Oedipus complex.
Cultural socialization

5. Alfred Binet is known for creating...
Identification.
Elaboration.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
An infusion of pubertal hormones

6. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
puberty
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
When parents are not getting along
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.

7. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Interdependence
controlling conflict within a social group.
Differential reinforcement
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.

8. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
Agility.
throw a ball overhand.
Autobiographical memory.
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.

9. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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10. The adolescent brain experiences __________________ in the gray matter.
Identification.
Agility.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning
to be enrolled in preschool

11. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Assess the effects of schooling on children's cognitive processes.
Decrease in efficiency
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

12. NOT a major difference LeVine found when looking at children of mothers who do and did not have formal educational experience?
Improvement in social status
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.

13. According to Erikson - adolescents must accomplish _______ before they move on to adulthood; if they fail to do so - they will suffer from identity confusion.
Sociodramatic play
Identity formation
Social conventional; personal
Need about 8 hours.

14. Identity states characterized by low commitment and high crisis/exploration
School problems usually have several acceptable solutions that can be reached many ways.
Moratorium
Authoritarian
Rehearsal.

15. Baumrind found that children of 'permissive' parents tended to...
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Reciprocal teaching.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy

16. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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17. According to research - which parental interactions lead to healthy psychological and identity development in teenagers?
Theory of mind.
Enabling interactions
Identification.
. psychodynamic view

18. Becoming able to control one's emotions - behaviors - and mental states is referred to as the development of one's...
Self-regulatory capacity.
Masturbation
Violence
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.

19. Not considered to be a privileged domain?
stereotypes
Motor drive
Creative arts
Neighborhood physical disorder.

20. The memory strategy that involves making connections between two or more things to be remembered is called...
Elaboration.
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Flynn effect.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.

21. One of the most important predictors of the well-being of children in single-parent families is...
Sociodramatic play
Socioeconomic status.
Spermarche.
Instrumental aggression.

22. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
Emphasize obedience.
slowly
Apprenticeship
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.

23. Adolescent ethnic identity formation is not strong when...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
The drawer in the in kitchen
Creative arts
Transductivity.

24. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
Parents encourage their teens to spend time with peers of the majority culture to learn to assimilate
Uneven and variable
Formal operations
Mental operations.

25. In which category of ethnic socialization do parents who promote ethnic pride and emphasize cultural heritage fall?
Socialization.
Cultural socialization
School-cutoff strategy.
Compensation.

26. Hitting another child to get a toy is an example of...
Instrumental aggression.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Social intelligence.
Differential reinforcement

27. Children who watch a lot of programs with violence tend to engage in more aggressive behavior.
Transductivity.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
At risk for obesity.
stereotypes

28. In Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning - at which level does reasoning require people to go beyond the existing social conventions to consider more abstract principles of right and wrong?
Postconventional level
Formal operations.
. the social goal
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

29. If a 5-year-old watches a little girl put a piece of candy into a drawer in the kitchen and then watches the girl's mother move the piece of candy to the refrigerator without the little girl knowing - where will the 5-year-old say the little girl wil
Decoding.
Internalizing problems.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
The drawer in the in kitchen

30. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Social and emotional development.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Script.
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.

31. Gardner and Rogoff used mazes to assess children's ability to...
Autobiographical memory.
Plan ahead.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
direct instruction - Play

32. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
Autobiographical memory.
Cultural socialization
Emerging adulthood.

33. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
Decision making
Cultural socialization
Plan ahead.
Gay and lesbian parents

34. In the reciprocal-teaching approach...
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)
A teacher and a small group of students read a segment of text silently and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning.
Identity assumption

35. Parents who insist that their adolescent dress in a socially appropriate way is operating from the boundaries of ____________; while an adolescent who insists that dress is a matter of personal choice are operating from the boundaries of ____________
Violence
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Skipping.
Social conventional; personal

36. Freud is associated with which of the following approaches to sex-role identity formation
The drawer in the in kitchen
Uterus growth.
slowly
Identification through differentiation

37. The understanding that the properties of an object or substance remain the same even if its appearance is altered in some superficial way is called...
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
More rigid
Conservation.
When parents are not getting along

38. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
puberty
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks

39. Which of the following pairs best describes the cognitive development of children between the ages of 2 and 5?
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Authoritative
Uneven and variable
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.

40. Girls begin ________ earlier than boys do.
Personal and social conventional
Sociodramatic play
puberty
The ovaries and the testes.

41. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
School-cutoff strategy.
Multiple intelligences.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Motor drive

42. A problem in distressed communities that includes physical deterioration and chaotic activity is called...
Egocentrism
Neighborhood physical disorder.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
More rigid

43. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Authoritative

44. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
throw a ball overhand.
Prevention science.
Personality formation
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.

45. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.
The survival goal.
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.

46. Preschool children's inability to take another person's spatial perspective is an example of which of the following?
Egocentrism
Personal distress
support emotion and security needs.
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.

47. The no-nonsense parenting style practiced among African Americans is similar to Baumrind's pattern of _____________ parenting.
Gay and lesbian parents
Identity integration
Authoritarian
support emotion and security needs.

48. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
controlling conflict within a social group.
Emerging adulthood.
Privileged domains.
Interdependence

49. Cross-cultural research on the effects of schooling suggests that schooling...
Slower
African American children define themselves in terms of the majority group.
Helps children to develop certain context-specific memorization and information-processing strategies.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently

50. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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Human Development - HDFC

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