Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Internalizing problems.
Confusing appearance and reality.
transductive reasoning
School-cutoff strategy.


2. Dyslexia - dyscalculia - and dysgraphia are examples of...
Confusing appearance and reality.
Girls report feelings of coercion.
Specific learning disabilities.
Authoritarian


3. In which category of ethnic socialization do parents who promote ethnic pride and emphasize cultural heritage fall?
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Cultural socialization
Spermarche.
The human papillomavirus.


4. According to Piaget -...
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
People only reach formal operations with extensive schooling.
Prevention science.
A. more wooden buttons.


5. Best describes society's attitude about adolescents throughout history?
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.
Stage 4
The drawer in the in kitchen
Autobiographical memory.


6. Authoritarian
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Social and emotional development.
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence
Specific learning disabilities.


7. A male's first ejaculation is called...
Violence
Spermarche.
Not supported by research
More rigid


8. On average - boys are not better than girls at...
slowly
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
Agility.


9. Research has found that adolescents' developmental outcomes are most favorable when their parents use a(n) __________________ approach to parenting.
Instrumental aggression.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
Authoritative
Personality formation


10. In early childhood - a child's appetite usually...
Interdependence
The human papillomavirus.
Identity formation
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.


11. Information-processing models of cognitive development often make the analogy between cognitive development and a(n)...
Violence
Skipping.
Computer.
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.


12. A child with a high score on quantitative ability and a low score on verbal ability probably has
Need about 8 hours.
Rehearsal.
Dyslexia.
Plan ahead.


13. Kohlberg's process of sex-role development mostly closely follows...

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14. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
Identity integration
Independent.
Decreases; remains the same
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


15. Carol Lee's research on African American adolescents shows the importance of...
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Compensation.
Motor drive
Culture-sensitive instruction.


16. Results from a longitudinal study done in the U.S. revealed that children identified as overweight between the ages of 2 and 4...
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
Autobiographical memory.


17. Adolescents most at-risk for depression and eating disorders?
Gina - an early-maturing female
Deviancy in adolescence.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.


18. Baumrind's research found that children of authoritarian parents were...
Metamemory.
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.
Emotional climate of family


19. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model - in which ecosystem are daycare centers located?
Microsystem
Identity integration
controlling conflict within a social group.
Sensory register


20. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
The drawer in the in kitchen
Identity assumption
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.


21. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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22. According to Robert Sternberg - intelligence does not comprise of...
It is important for families to create opportunities for children to engage in activities that are relevant to school readiness.
to be enrolled in preschool
Emphasize obedience.
Social intelligence.


23. NOT a brain change that occurs during adolescence?
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
direct instruction - Play
School-cutoff strategy.
Decrease in efficiency


24. In which stage of forming a sexual minority development would an individual who has had homosexual experiences and recognizes that they prefer sexual relations with members of their own sex but do not openly acknowledge their preference be?
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.
Identification through differentiation
Identity assumption


25. Chanting the names of the items that one needs to buy at the store is an example of...
Rehearsal.
Emergent literacy and emergent numeracy.
Culture-sensitive instruction.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


26. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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27. During adolescence - the amount of time teens spend with their peers ___________ and the amount of time teens spend with their parents ___________.
Increases; decreases
more
Need about 8 hours.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.


28. NOT thought to influence the age at Which menarche occurs?
Gay and lesbian parents
Masturbation
Instrumental aggression.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.


29. The capacity to share in someone else's emotional experience and feel what that person is feeling is referred to as...
Homophily.
In formal schooling oral instruction is the most common type of instruction while apprenticeship instruction is done through watching and imitating the master's work.
Empathy
Theory of mind.


30. A three-year-old who believes that a cat wearing a dog mask has actually become a dog is probably...
. the social goal
Confusing appearance and reality.
Social and emotional development.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.


31. Two major sources for the formation of extended families are...
Theory theory
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
The survival goal.
Motor drive


32. Children who watch a lot of programs with violence tend to engage in more aggressive behavior.
stereotypes
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Specific learning disabilities.
It is clear that computer use is preferable to TV viewing for children's development.


33. Research on fathers suggests that...
The amount of time spent with children is less important than how that time is spent.
Gay and lesbian parents
Parenting styles and the values parents seek to instill in children vary across cultures.
Spermarche.


34. According to the social learning view - children identify with the same-sex parent because of...
Differential reinforcement
Decision making
Puberty.
Formal operations


35. Refers to the object-self and includes all of the things that people know about themselves - such as their social relationships and their traits
Postconventional level
Me-self
Independent.
Tell themselves - 'I can't do that.'


36. What distinguishes formal operations from concrete operations?

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37. Not a protective factor
Specific learning disabilities.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.
An entity model of intelligence.
Financial recession.


38. The combination-of-liquid problem is a test of...
Decrease in efficiency
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Formal operations


39. As a result of _______________ - young children's self-descriptions are usually well integrated into a personality structure.
The survival goal.
transductive reasoning
Formal operations
Have difficulty with controlling their impulses - accepting responsibility for their social actions - and acting independently


40. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
direct instruction - Play
more
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Synaptogenesis followed by synaptic pruning


41. According to research - which parental interactions lead to healthy psychological and identity development in teenagers?
Have a difficult time understanding that what they see on television isn't really real.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.
Enabling interactions
Deviancy in adolescence.


42. Developmentalists refer to the ages 18 to 25 as...
Cultural socialization
Emerging adulthood.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
decreases as a result of a slower pace of physical development.


43. Which of the following statements about children's experience with interactive media is NOT true?

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44. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Puberty.
positive emotions
more
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


45. Alfred Binet is known for creating...
Microsystem
Effortful control.
A test for diagnosing mental subnormality.
Adolescence is a time of happiness and growth.


46. In Kohlberg's Conventional level of moral reasoning - moral thinking at stages 3 and 4 are partially dependent on...
Formal operations.
Interdependence
Experience sampling method.
Both bottom-down and top-down processing.


47. Which of the following is considered a control process by information-processing theory?
A cultural ideal of muscularity for boys and thinness for girls.
Decision making
Egocentrism
Multiple intelligences.


48. A self completely full of multiple selves is said to be a...
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
Children of mothers who went to elementary school demonstrated higher reading levels than those children of mothers who did not go to elementary school.
Theory of mind.
. saturated self.


49. The game 'Simon Says' requires children to employ...
Effortful control.
A performance orientation.
Use mental operations in their everyday thinking
Personal distress


50. Whose theory of adolescent development believed that adolescence is the consequence of evolutionary processes?
Violence
Piaget
Sociodramatic play.
An entity model of intelligence.