Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Due to their cognitive immaturity - children do not recognize or internalize _________ seen on television.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Effortful control.
Violence
Postconventional level


2. In terms of sleep - adolescents...
Need about 8 hours.
Warm - autonomous - and explain the limits they set with their children
Effortful control.
Prosocial behavior


3. Borke's replication of Piaget and Inhelder's three-mountain experiment in which children were presented with a Sesame Street character that drove around familiar landmarks demonstrated that three- and four-year-old children are capable of...
Social intelligence.
The ovaries and the testes.
Reasoning about spatial perspectives
Foreclosure.


4. Not an assumption of the modularity theory?
Personal and social conventional
Experience sampling method.
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
Apprenticeship


5. One critique of Kohlberg's moral stages of development is that...
The model does not include a morality of care.
Gay and lesbian parents
The survival goal.
Socially incompetent - withdrawn and lacked intellectual curiosity.


6. In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development - mass media is part of the...
More
Realistic mathematics education.
Exosystem.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


7. Which of the instructional discourse styles uses the 'known-answer question?'
Puberty.
Kitchen.
Identity integration
Initiation-reply-feedback sequence


8. The school-cutoff strategy helps researchers to...

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9. A primary sex characteristic...
Mental operations.
Uterus growth.
Egocentrism
Microsystem


10. When are siblings more likely to fight with one another?
The human papillomavirus.
When parents are not getting along
direct instruction - Play
Theory of mind.


11. Apprentices receive ______________ to learn their craft.
Opportunities to observe and practice specific tasks
clique
Decision making
The survival goal.


12. Which of the following categories of racial socialization messages appears to be associated with stronger cognitive abilities and fewer behavior problems among African-American children?
Chlamydia
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.
Cultural socialization
Compensation.


13. Disturbances in emotion or mood such as guilt - depression and anxiety are known as...
Internalizing problems.
Thought processes.
Emphasize obedience.
Inability to categorize objects


14. Research on sleep in children between the ages of 2 and 5 has shown that...
Most children are not getting enough sleep in a 24-hour period.
Correlations between television violence and aggressive behavior.
Piaget
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.


15. Children in middle childhood experience a significant increase in size and strength - but the increases occur more ______ than in infancy and early childhood.
transductive reasoning
slowly
An infusion of pubertal hormones
The frontal cortex experiences an increase in myelination which leads to an increase in a child's ability to regulate behavior and plan.


16. Researchers have found that children's memories improve when mothers...
Financial recession.
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Increases; decreases


17. EEG coherence refers to the synchronization of...
Internalizing problems.
Confusing appearance and reality.
Biological maturation.
Electrical activity in different areas of the brain.


18. In the U.S. - teenage sex is considered by many to be...
Development occurs in a series of qualitative stage-like changes.
An individual's ability to relate relationships to each other
Risky and potentially harmful.
Internalizing problems.


19. When family income and maternal employment are held constant - children whose families speak Spanish in the home are less likely...
Skipping.
The ovaries and the testes.
to be enrolled in preschool
Neighborhood physical disorder.


20. The best advice to a newly-immigrated family if they are concerned with their children's ethnic identity formation
Cultural socialization
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
slowly
Sympathy involves feeling 'other-oriented concern' while empathy involves feeling the same emotion as the other person.


21. Developmentalists call the development of children's own unique patterns of feeling - thinking - and behaving in a variety of circumstances ________________.
Personality formation
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Me-self
Sociodramatic play.


22. The increasing memory performance characteristic of middle childhood does not depend on...
Increases; decreases
Personality formation
Having extended family involved in their lives.
Slower speed of naming objects to be remembered.


23. Vygotsky believed that which of the following plays a key role in self-regulation and can allow children to create their own zones of proximal development?
direct instruction - Play
. Decoding
Deviancy in adolescence.
positive emotions


24. A child who says - 'I can't do that' after failing at a task holds...
Use an elaborative style when talking to their children about the event to be remembered.
A performance orientation.
Identity assumption
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.


25. This change occurs in both males and females during puberty?
Auxiliary hair appears
Higher levels of intelligence
Conservation.
Identification through differentiation


26. The ability to classify according to multiple criteria can clearly be seen in a child's ability to...
Organize a stamp collection in terms of country of origin - date - size - etc.
stereotypes
Agility.
Enabling interactions


27. A culture that emphasizes the individual and the individual's personal choices and goals is said to be...
Cultural socialization
Cultural traditions and economic hardship.
Financial recession.
Independent.


28. Concrete operations are mental operations that deal with...
The ovaries and the testes.
Females enter puberty earlier than do males.
support emotion and security needs.
Mental actions that are coordinated in logical systems.


29. Best characterizes girls' friendships in adolescence?

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30. The ability to think about other people's mental states is referred to as...
Theory of mind.
Differential reinforcement
Socialization.
Girls' friendships in adolescence are more intense and intimate.


31. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the development of the brain during early childhood?
The brain is fully mature - but the connections between neurons are still being made in early childhood.
Need about 8 hours.
The Oedipus complex.
Transductivity.


32. A child who says - 'The liquid is higher - but the glass is thinner -' when asked the reason for their answer to a task of conservation is demonstrating...
Effortful control.
Compensation.
Emotional climate of family
Flynn effect.


33. Members of a ______ interact on a regular basis; members of a crowd may not.
Egocentrism
clique
Initiation-reply-feedback sequences.
Slower


34. Metacognition refers to the ability to think about one's own...
Violence
Thought processes.
controlling conflict within a social group.
Concrete operational thinking increases with age and is relatively unaffected by schooling.


35. The ability to remember which of the following indicates that an individual has a large memory span?
Relational aggression
An infusion of pubertal hormones
more
A phone number provided a single time by directory assistance (i.e. - 411)


36. Which of the following do(es) NOT have clear negative influences on children's development?
Cultural socialization
Multiple intelligences.
Gay and lesbian parents
An entity model of intelligence.


37. What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

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38. Girls begin ________ earlier than boys do.
Genetic and environmental factors.
puberty
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.


39. Five-year-old Jacob is playing with his grandmother's buttons. He counts eight wooden buttons and three plastic buttons. When his grandmother asks Jacob if he has more wooden buttons or more buttons - he will most likely indicate that there are...
Become more accurate in recognizing the limits of their knowledge and problem-solving skills.
Prosocial behavior
A. more wooden buttons.
Moratorium


40. The steady increase in IQ test performance over the past 100 years is called the...
B. are more likely to be overweight as adolescents.
In addition to cognitive structures - gender schema theory uses culture to explain sex-role identity development - Gender schema theory often uses an information-processing approach to describe how the cognitive and learning elements of the system wo
Flynn effect.
Less intimate because they are less trusting of their friends.


41. Studies that compare 6-year-olds who have experienced formal schooling with 6-year-olds who have not yet experienced formal schooling use the...
Deviancy in adolescence.
School-cutoff strategy.
Specific strategies for remembering are not universal.
Privileged domains.


42. When it comes to the sexual debut - in the U.S. -...
Conservation.
Boys tend to report more positive feelings about their first intercourse than girls do.
. saturated self.
Social intelligence.


43. In their study of planning - Gardner and Rogoff found that

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44. Increasing decentration in middle childhood allows children to engage in...
Mental operations.
more
Decrease in efficiency
Decision making


45. Research on learning mathematics has revealed that...
Identity integration
Instruct children in traditions of the native culture.
Risky and potentially harmful.
Children who speak Chinese learn math more quickly than children who speak English.


46. NOT an effect of schooling on the improvement of cognitive performance?
Improvement in social status
Multiple intelligences.
Flynn effect.
Basic sex-role identity - sex-role stability - and sex-role constancy


47. By helping children to recall and interpret events in which they have participated - adults help children acquire an enduring sense of themselves by creating a sort of personal narrative - referred to as the child's...
Neighborhood physical disorder.
When speed and accuracy mattered - children didn't plan out their route through the maze ahead of time.
Autobiographical memory.
Formal operations.


48. One of the key aspects of Piaget's formal operations involves...
Autobiographical memory.
Apprenticeship
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
Experience sampling method.


49. Not a way schooling differs from traditional apprenticeship training?

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50. According to research on adolescent behavior - risk taking may be the consequence of...
The human papillomavirus.
Increases
Self-regulatory capacity.
Pubertal hormones and lack of maturation in the frontal lobes of the brain.