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Immunology

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1. What do you find in the medulla of the thymus?
SLE - nonspecific
Autoimmune hepatitis
Mature t cells - epithelial reticular cells - Hassalls corpuscles
III

2. Which B T cell interaction allows for immunologic memory and class switching?
CD40 and CD40L
IL-12 def
B cell localization and proliferation
Mature t cells - epithelial reticular cells - Hassalls corpuscles

3. anti SS A/B or anti Ro/La

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4. How do CD8 cells kill?
Mixed connective tissue disease
T- lymphos - Transplant - TB skin test - Touching (contact dermatitis)
Perforin - granzyme - granulysin
IL-1 = fever - IL-2 = T cells - IL-3 = bone marrow - IL-4 = IgE - IL-5 = IgA

5. What kind of hypersens rxn in anaphylaxis
Neisseria bacteremia
I
IL-2 and IFN gamma
Tetanus - Botulinum toxin - HBV or Rabies (To Be Healed Rapidly

6. How many signals are required for T cell activation or B cell class switching?
Drug induced lupus
Upper limb and breast
Major shift minor drift
2

7. How do NK cells kill?
Acute: vasculitis of graft vessels and interstitial lymphcytic infiltrate
Regulates the humoral response
Graft versus host: severe organ dysfunction - maculopapular rash - jaundice - hepatosplenomegaly - diarrhea often in bone marrown and liver transplant
Perforins and granzymes to induce apoptosis of virally infected or tumor cells

8. What is the arthus rxn?
Type III hypersens rxn after intradermal rxn with antigen - antibodies in the skin causing edema - necrosis and activation of complement
All nucleated cells (no RBCs) A - B - C
Hemochromocytosis
Corticomedullary junction

9. Which immunoglobulin is found in breast milk - tears - saliva - and mucous
IgA
Neisseria bacteremia
CD40 and CD40L
Superficial inguinal pectinate line

10. What are the classic example of bacterial antigen variation and the unique mechanims
Salmonella - 2 flaggellar variants - Borrelia - relapsing fever - N. gono - pilus protein
Fc and Fab
Uncoordinated release of IFN gamm leading to IL-1 - IL 6 and TNF alpha from MACS - via crosslinking of TCR and MHC II
2

11. Defect in DNA repair enzymes
Ataxia telangectasia
B cell localization and proliferation
2
III

12. What is the unique cell marker for NK cells
IgM
Innate
CD56
Il -4

13. Which is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the blood?
Opsonization - neutralization and complement activation
Innate
IgG
Steroid - responsive nephrotic syndrome

14. HLA- DR3
Il -4
Goodpastures
Caused by drugs mostly - fever - urticaria - arthralgias - proteinuria - lymphadenopathy 5-10 days after exposure
DM type 1

15. HLA- B27

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16. HLA- A3
Hemochromocytosis
Wilskott Aldrich (TIE = thrombocytopenia - infections - eczema) high IgE and IgA - low IgM
Interfereon alpha - beta gamma. Alpha/beta inhibit viral protein synthesis - gamma upregulate MHC I and II - all three activate NK cells
MHC I

17. anti basement membrane
T- lymphos - Transplant - TB skin test - Touching (contact dermatitis)
Adaptive
Goodpastures
IL-10

18. What are the two signals in helper T activation?
IgM
B cell localization and proliferation
Ataxia telangectasia
Signal 1 = APC - signal 2 = B7 and CD28

19. Anti Scl 70 (DNA topo I
Trypanosomes - programmed rearrangement
Graft versus host: severe organ dysfunction - maculopapular rash - jaundice - hepatosplenomegaly - diarrhea often in bone marrown and liver transplant
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
Scleroderma diffuse

20. Defect in CD40L on helper T
Signal 1 = APC - signal 2 = B7 and CD28
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1
Hyper IgM
IgE

21. Antimitochondrial
Primary biliary cirrohosis
DiGeorge
III
All nucleated cells (no RBCs) A - B - C

22. decreased Th1 response
Salmonella - 2 flaggellar variants - Borrelia - relapsing fever - N. gono - pilus protein
IL-12 def
Fab
PAIR - psoriasis - ankylosing spondylitis - inflammatory bowel dz - reiter's syndrome

23. Which type of hypersens rxn is the arthus rxn
All nucleated cells (no RBCs) A - B - C
C5b -9
III
Signal 1 = APC - signal 2 = B7 and CD28

24. 22q11 deletion - failure of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arches
III
Pemphigus vulgaris
IL-10
DiGeorge

25. HLA- B8

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26. Which cytokine induces Th2 cell profile in CD4 cells
Hyper IgE syndrome (Job's)
Il -4
SLE - nonspecific
Fc

27. Anticentromere
Prevents attachment of bacteria and viruses to mucous membranes
Chronic: fibrosis of graft tissue and blood vessels
Scleroderma CREST
Salmonella - 2 flaggellar variants - Borrelia - relapsing fever - N. gono - pilus protein

28. Defectin in isotype switching
Encapsulated - S SHiN (salmonella - S.pneumo - H. influ - N. menin
Selective Ig def - IgA most common
Mixed connective tissue disease
Ig - CD19 - 20 - 21 - CD40 - MHCII - B7

29. Which area of the lymph node englarges in an extreme immune response
Signal 1 =peptide expressed on MHC I - signal 2 = Il -2
Paracortex
CD14
Stomach

30. What do superantigens do?
Severe pyogenic sinus and respiratory infections - inc suscept to type III hypersen rxn
Hyper IgE syndrome (Job's)
DM type 1
Uncoordinated release of IFN gamm leading to IL-1 - IL 6 and TNF alpha from MACS - via crosslinking of TCR and MHC II

31. Which MHC complex to CD4 cells bind
MHC II 4 x 2=8
IgE
Opsonization - neutralization and complement activation
Autoimmune hepatitis

32. Which type of hypersens rxn is delayed
IV
IL-12
Pemphigus vulgaris
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

33. Which antibody mediates a type Hypersens rxn?
Right arm and right half of head
IgE
IgM
PAIR - psoriasis - ankylosing spondylitis - inflammatory bowel dz - reiter's syndrome

34. transplant rejection cell mediated due to cytotoxic t cells reacting against foreign MHCs
Hereditary angioedema
Acute: vasculitis of graft vessels and interstitial lymphcytic infiltrate
2
Scleroderma diffuse

35. What inhibits Th2 cells
DiGeorge
Signal 1 = IL-4 -5 -6 signal 2 = CD40 receptor on b cell binds CD40L on Th cell
IFN gamma
IgM and IgD

36. What kind of bacteria do macrophages remove from the spleen?
Poly/dermato myositis
Encapsulated - S SHiN (salmonella - S.pneumo - H. influ - N. menin
Hyper IgM
MS - hay fever - SLE - goodpasture's

37. AR - defect in microtubule fxn with decreased phagocytosis
Encapsulated - S SHiN (salmonella - S.pneumo - H. influ - N. menin
Ataxia telangectasia
Chediak Higashi
Trypanosomes - programmed rearrangement

38. Antihistone
Drug induced lupus
Chronic: fibrosis of graft tissue and blood vessels
Opsonization - neutralization and complement activation
IL-1 = fever - IL-2 = T cells - IL-3 = bone marrow - IL-4 = IgE - IL-5 = IgA

39. Th cells don't produce IFN gamma - no PMN response

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40. What interferes with viruses?
Interfereon alpha - beta gamma. Alpha/beta inhibit viral protein synthesis - gamma upregulate MHC I and II - all three activate NK cells
IL-4 - 5 - 10
Scleroderma diffuse
Selective Ig def - IgA most common

41. antismooth muscle
Autoimmune hepatitis
RA
III
MHC I

42. Lack of NADPH oxidase - decreased in ROS - absetn respiratory burst in PMNs
S. aureus and S. pyogenes
Paracortex
MHC I
Chronic granulomatous disease

43. Which cytokines to Th1 cells secrete?
Fc
DM type 1
IL-2 and IFN gamma
Acute: vasculitis of graft vessels and interstitial lymphcytic infiltrate

44. transplant rejection: T cell and antibody mediated vasular damage
Signal 1 = APC - signal 2 = B7 and CD28
Perforins and granzymes to induce apoptosis of virally infected or tumor cells
Chronic: fibrosis of graft tissue and blood vessels
Tetanus - Botulinum toxin - HBV or Rabies (To Be Healed Rapidly

45. Which complement proteins make up the MAC
Scleroderma CREST
Mixed connective tissue disease
C5b -9
MHC II - B7 - CD40 - CD14 - receptors for Fc and C3b

46. Which infections require administering passive immunity?
DM type 1
Complement mediated lysis of RBCs and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Interfereon alpha - beta gamma. Alpha/beta inhibit viral protein synthesis - gamma upregulate MHC I and II - all three activate NK cells
Tetanus - Botulinum toxin - HBV or Rabies (To Be Healed Rapidly

47. which areas of the body are drained by the celiac lymph node?
Fab
Stomach
Il -4
Graves' dz

48. What are the 3 funxtions of antibodies?
Opsonization - neutralization and complement activation
Hereditary angioedema
IgE
Drug induced lupus

49. Which type of hypersens rxn is antibody mediated?
CD8 cells
II
Salmonella - 2 flaggellar variants - Borrelia - relapsing fever - N. gono - pilus protein
Regulates the humoral response

50. antigliadin - antiendomysial
Scleroderma CREST
Ceilac disase
Prevents attachment of bacteria and viruses to mucous membranes
Mature t cells - epithelial reticular cells - Hassalls corpuscles

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