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Important Supreme Court Cases

Subject : law
Instructions:
  • Answer 46 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In the case - the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to affor






2. Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police.






3. The 1833 Supreme Court decision holding that the bill of rights restrained only the national government - not the states and cities.






4. Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)






5. Court held that intentional infliction of emotional distress was permissible First Amendment free speech- so long as such speech was about a public official (figure) - and could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject






6. The supreme court protected the right to assemble peaceably in this 1958 case when it decided the NAACP did not have to reveal its membership list and thus subject its members to harassment.






7. 1964; established guidelines for determining whether public officials and public figures could win damage suits for libel. To do so - individuals must prove that the defamatory statements were made w/ 'actual malice' and reckless disregard for the tr






8. Free exercise of religion not violation of compulsory attendance laws; Amish children do not have to go to school until they are 16---they may stop after the 8th grade






9. Determined that the state could deny unemployment benefits to a person fired for violating a state prohibition on the use of peyote - even though the use of the drug was part of a religious ritual. Although states have the power to accommodate otherw






10. The result of this trial was the Supreme Court ruling that Congress could limit free speech - particularly during wartime - if such speech presented 'a clear and present danger' to national interests






11. Husband permission for abortion is unconstitutional (1992)






12. Law must be clearly secular - not prohibiting or inhibiting religion - and there should be no excessive entanglement






13. Said that protection against double jeopardy is not guaranteed in the Fourteenth Amendment.






14. 1925 court decision holding that freedoms of press and speech are 'fundamental personal rights protected by the due process clause of the 14Th amendment from impairment by the states as well as the federal government






15. Less blatant gerrymandering and redistricting was subject to judicial approval






16. 1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20 -000 to each survivor.






17. A 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal






18. Married couple wanted to get contraceptives; struck down a Connecticut law prohibiting the sale of contraceptives; established the right of privacy through the 4th and 9th amendment






19. Right to Counsel during Interrogations






20. (1942) The Court ruled that the first amendment did not protect 'fighting words'






21. The 1931 Supreme Court decision holding that the first amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint.






22. The 1962 Supreme Court decision holding that state officials violated the First Amendment when they wrote a prayer to be recited by New York's schoolchildren.






23. Affirmative action case (lost) ; race could be used as a factor in admissions as long as there was no point system and race was not a major factor; upheld Bakke case






24. Busing Students to promote intergration is constitutional.






25. The Fourteenth Amendment did not impose specific limitations on criminal justice in the states - and that illegally obtained evidence did not necessarily have to be excluded from trials in all cases.






26. Courts held while that affirmative action systems are constitutional - a quota system based on race is unconstitutional.






27. Upheld the death penalty was NOT cruel and unusual punishment






28. This case ruled in favor of Bush by saying that recounting the votes in certain counties of Florida was unconstitutional because of equal protection of the law; Gore's wish to make the process as simple and painless as possible backfired






29. In this case - a gay man from Georgia charged with committing sodomy in his own home with a consenting adult. The court ruled that the Constitution does not explicitly grant the right for homosexuals to practice their lifestyle and that laws against






30. A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.






31. A case in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld federal limits on campaign contributions and ruled that spending money to influence elections is a form of constitutionally protected free speech. The court also stated candidates can give






32. Declared Flag Protection Act - which made flag-burning illegal - unconstitutional - 1990






33. A 1973 Supreme Court decision that avoided defining obscenity by holding that community standards be used to determine whether material is obscene in terms of appealing to a 'prurient interest' and being 'patently offensive' and lacking in value.






34. Using the commerce clause as justification for this federal government ruling - aid that places of public acccommodation cannot pick and choose guests






35. 1978 - Nazi group wanted to mark in neighborhood with high percentage of Jewish residents; village tried to prevent march by passing ordinances on parades that targeted the nazis; Illinois Supreme Court said march could not be forbidden because no on






36. Established national abortion guidelines; trimester guidelines; no state interference in 1st; state may regulate to protect health of mother in 2nd; state may regulate to protect health or unborn child in 3rd. inferred from right of privacy establish






37. The Supreme Court held that the 1996 Communications Decency Act was unconstitutional - since it was overly broad and vague in its regulation of speech on the internet - and it attempted to regulate indecent speech - which is protected.






38. Expanded the protection of the Fourth Amendment to include conversations - not just things.






39. Student led - student initiated prayer at high school football games violates the Establishment Clause






40. A 1957 Supreme Court decision ruling that obscenity is not within the area of constitutionally protected speech or press.






41. 1969 - The First Amendment - as applied through the Fourteenth - did not permit a public school to punish a student for wearing a black armband as an anti-war protest - absent any evidence that the rule was necessary to avoid substantial interference






42. Sexual harassment not protected by First Amendment Rights






43. First Amendment right of expressive association. BSA is allowed to dismiss gay leaders because it is a private institution






44. A 1995 Supreme Court decision holding that federal programs that classify people by race - even for an ostensibly benign purpose such as expanding opportunities for minorities - should be presumed to be unconstitutional.






45. Court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clause 'separate but equal' has no place






46. The USSC uphold MO law and insists that women have a right to abortion but state should not pay 'elective surgery'