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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Severe psychological shock.






2. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.






3. The outer layer of the brain - also known as the 'cerebral cortex'. (






4. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






5. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.






6. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.






7. Radiation which can cause ionisation. From the electromagnetic spectrum this includes gamma rays - X-rays and some high-energy ultraviolet radiation.






8. This condition occurs when the arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle become blocked by fatty deposits known as plaques - and areas of muscle die as a result.






9. Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds - e.g. hydrogen (H2) - water (H2O) - carbon dioxide (CO2).






10. The tissues that attach muscles to bones.






11. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






12. The joining of tissues to each other that may occur abnormally during repair.






13. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short






14. A form of energy that can be described as either a wave or as a flow of 'packets' of energy. It includes gamma rays - X-rays - ultraviolet - visible light - infrared - microwaves and radio waves. The different types of radiation are distinguished by






15. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






16. The level of intensity of stimulation of a neuron at which it first shows activity. The term is used particularly in the context of sensory neurons.






17. Diseases involving the frequent passing of liquid faeces; they are caused by a wide variety of pathogens - including viruses - bacteria and protoctists (single-celled organisms).






18. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






19. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






20. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.






21. A method for determining the efficiency of gas transfer between the lungs and the pulmonary blood capillaries.






22. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.






23. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






24. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (






25. The type of blood cell that transports oxygen; also known as a red blood cell.






26. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level






27. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.






28. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.






29. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.






30. Microbes living in and around us - most of which are harmless or beneficial but some of which can cause disease.






31. Ducts lined with epithelial cells that originate in the dermis and release sweat onto the surface of the skin.






32. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.






33. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






34. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the






35. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






36. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.






37. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






38. Negatively charged particle of almost no mass that surround the nucleus of an atom.






39. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).






40. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.






41. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.






42. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.






43. The release of water vapour by plants.






44. The separation of waste products from the blood.






45. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).






46. A molecule that facilitates a reaction but Which is left unchanged at the end; catalysis refers to the action of this.






47. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






48. A small depression in the retina of the eye - with high visual capability - consisting exclusively of cones.






49. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.






50. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.