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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An irreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis - in which airway obstruction causes breathing difficulties - including shortness of breath.






2. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






3. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (






4. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.






5. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.






6. A fracture where the bone bends and only breaks on one side; commonest in children - whose bones tend to bend rather than break completely.






7. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






8. The layer of the eye - between retina and sclera - which absorbs any light that has not interacted with the rods and cones in the retina.






9. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)






10. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.






11. The proportion of young - middle-aged and older people in a population. In developing countries - tends to be 'younger' than that of developed countries.






12. A break in one of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.






13. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.






14. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.






15. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.






16. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.






17. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.






18. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.






19. Ducts lined with epithelial cells that originate in the dermis and release sweat onto the surface of the skin.






20. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.






21. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also






22. A form of notation (also known as 'scientific notation') used for expressing very large or very small numbers.






23. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).






24. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






25. This condition occurs when the arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle become blocked by fatty deposits known as plaques - and areas of muscle die as a result.






26. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short






27. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






28. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






29. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






30. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.






31. The integrated body system of organs - tissues - cells and proteins that functions to protect the body from potentially pathogenic organisms (microbes) or harmful substances.






32. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .






33. A measure of how well a person sees - determined by the minimum distance at which two lines (or points) can be distinguished at a test distance.






34. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.






35. A graphical method of showing whether two numerical variables are related to one another. They are called 'variables' because they can each have a range of possible values. Each data point represents a particular entity - such as a country - for whic






36. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






37. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato






38. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).






39. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.






40. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






41. A theory of pain that was first proposed by Patrick Wall and Ronald Melzack in 1965. It suggests that there is - metaphorically speaking - a 'gate' within the spinal cord such that - if the gate is closed - nociceptive messages can be blocked. If the






42. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.






43. The level of intensity of stimulation of a neuron at which it first shows activity. The term is used particularly in the context of sensory neurons.






44. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.






45. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






46. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.






47. A chemical that is stored within the axon terminal of a neuron and is released in response to electrical activity within that neuron. It passes the short distance to a neighbouring cell (neuron or muscle cell) where it binds to a neurotransmitter rec






48. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






49. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given






50. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.