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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Haemoglobin bound to oxygen molecules. Transports oxygen from blood vessels in the lungs to the cells in the rest of the body.
oxyhaemoglobin
fracture
postsynaptic neuron
connective tissue
2. A chemical that is stored within the axon terminal of a neuron and is released in response to electrical activity within that neuron. It passes the short distance to a neighbouring cell (neuron or muscle cell) where it binds to a neurotransmitter rec
tidal volume
physiology
neurotransmitter
SAFE
3. Optimal corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 - i.e. wearing optimal correcting lenses - the individual can distinguish letters on a test chart at 6 metres that a person with normal vision could read at 18 metres
complementary colours
low vision
alveolus
regenerative medicine
4. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.
autobiographical memory
alcohol tolerant
agonist
Snellen letter chart
5. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.
PM10
bronchiole
radiologist
molecule
6. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
proxy measure
nearwork activity
chronic condition
visual disability
7. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.
atomic nucleus
ionisation
cell
axon terminal
8. A group of steroid hormones produced mainly by the ovaries (some are also produced by fat deposits in the body) - which are responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.
hard problem of consciousness
wavelength
photorefractive keratectomy
oestrogens
9. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(
agriculture
wind-up
neutron
cortex
10. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.
epidemiology
fatty liver
pH scale
osteoclasts
11. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.
age-standardisation
confounding factor
single-strand break
lung function test
12. Fine particles of a solid suspended in the air.
referred pain
particulates
binge drinking
complementary colours
13. Countries that are only partly industrialised and where national wealth is below that of the developed economies (also known as low- and middle-income countries). They rely to a much greater degree than developed countries on subsistence farming - sm
residual volume
opiates
tolerance
developing countries
14. A measure of how well a person sees - determined by the minimum distance at which two lines (or points) can be distinguished at a test distance.
laser
granulation tissue
diabetic retinopathy
visual acuity
15. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl
stress
osteoclasts
fulcrum
wet AMD
16. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.
PM10
metabolism
biopsy
reflex
17. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
scar
aqueous humour
information processing
action potential
18. An atom that is better than other atoms at attracting electrons to itself; e.g. oxygen
lock-and-key interaction
concave
electronegative
autobiographical memory
19. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.
bond dissociation energy
chronic pain
attenuation coefficient
optician
20. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level
epidemic
spirometry
inspiration
gate theory
21. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.
vitreous humour
diastolic blood pressure
deoxygenated blood
legal blindness
22. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
false negative
splint
fibrin
neuron
23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.
hyperventilate
cell
true positive
scatter plot
24. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.
tissue engineering
antibiotic resistance
structural formula
cognition
25. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond
disability adjusted life year
point-of-use' strategy
disease risk factors
hypothesis
26. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.
motor neuron
chemical symbol
legal blindness
sweat glands
27. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
prevalence rate
polar molecule
SI Units
oxygenated blood
28. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.
sputum
ionising radiation
optical power
wave
29. A group of primates - to which modern humans belong - characterised by upright posture and a very large brain in relation to body size.
psychogenic pain
stem cells
hominids
somatic nervous system
30. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.
conditional stimulus
respiration
psychogenic pain
pulmonary hypertension
31. Visual defects caused by imperfections in the cornea and/or lens of the eye.
blood pressure
proteins
refractive errors
trachoma
32. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.
focal length
screening
craving
pyloric sphincter
33. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.
granulation tissue
polyatomic ions
single-strand break
focal length
34. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil
threshold of excitation
bioaccumulation
stress
equivalent dose
35. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.
visual disability
stress
sensory neuron
musculoskeletal system
36. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.
inspiration
alcohol tolerant
chemoreceptor
nociceptive pain
37. Microbes living in and around us - most of which are harmless or beneficial but some of which can cause disease.
absorbed dose
atomic nucleus
bacteria
alveolus
38. The blood pressure that is detected between heart contractions (lower than the systolic blood pressure).
diastolic blood pressure
bronchiole
transpiration
mammography
39. The size and direction of a push or pull.
force
alcoholic liver disease
visual disability
closed-angle glaucoma
40. This refers to a random effect of ionising radiation. There is no radiation threshold at which the effect inevitably occurs - but the probability of an effect occurring increases with the amount of radiation received.
respiratory centres
stochastic
fovea
blind study
41. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.
glaucoma
age-related macular degeneration
information processing
cast
42. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.
abstinence
water-borne infectious diseases
diabetic retinopathy
pain matrix
43. The release of water vapour by plants.
autograft
body mass index
polyatomic ions
transpiration
44. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.
relative risk
psychogenic stimuli
mutagen
selection pressure
45. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled at each breath when resting (abbreviated to TV).
tidal volume
gas transfer test
chronic bronchitis
tissue engineering
46. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.
acute inflammation
radiologist
erythrocyte
excitatory synapse
47. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
additive primary colours
false positive
glaucoma
oxyhaemoglobin
48. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.
pulmonary rehabilitation
tidal volume
closed fracture
open fracture
49. A disorder of the fetus or infant caused by excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy.
cell
acute inflammation
cognition
fetal alcohol syndrome
50. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.
organ
cortex
opioid
epidermis