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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






2. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






3. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).






4. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.






5. An insoluble fibrous protein that forms clots following tissue damage.






6. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






7. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






8. The number of new cases in a given period - usually a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population






9. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t






10. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






11. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.






12. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






13. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






14. Also known as 'organ systems'; combinations of organs and tissues that function in a coordinated way; e.g. the circulatory system - the nervous system - the respiratory system.






15. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat






16. The release of water vapour by plants.






17. An aspect of a characteristic that represents an adaptive compromise between two opposing evolutionary pressures; e.g. the human pelvis represents a compromise between being narrow - Which is necessary for running at speed - and being wide - Which is






18. A collection of neurons and other cells that is located within the protection of the backbone.






19. The material outside the cells in a tissue in which the cells are embedded. It is mainly made from proteins made by and arranged by the cells.






20. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.






21. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.






22. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






23. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi






24. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.






25. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






26. A condition in which the immune system fails to respond normally to an infection; it can be caused by a genetic defect and by HIV/AIDS - as well as by malnutrition.






27. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.






28. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






29. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled at each breath when resting (abbreviated to TV).






30. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.






31. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






32. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






33. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi






34. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .






35. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.






36. Categorised into three progressive stages: fatty liver - hepatitis and cirrhosis.






37. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.






38. An excessive engagement in an activity despite negative consequences and a dependence upon the activity such that when access is denied - craving and withdrawal symptoms are seen. Most usually refers to dependency on a chemical substance but need not






39. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.






40. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(






41. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.






42. A non-invasive method of measuring the level of oxygenation of the blood by using light absorption to calculate the relative levels of haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin.






43. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.






44. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv






45. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






46. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






47. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






48. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.






49. Injury causing physical damage to the body.






50. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).