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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
capillaries
psychogenic pain
wind-up
alpha-1 antitrypsin
2. The curved transparent layer that covers the front part of the eye. This (together with the lens) refracts light to form of an image on the retina - as well as protecting the eye from frontal damage.
cornea
particulates
elastase
spirogram
3. Bonding Which is due to the electrical attraction of equal and opposite electrical charges and which holds the ions in salt crystals together.
deoxyribonucleic acid
ionic bonding
presbyopia
lens
4. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).
infant mortality rate
SI Units
fracture
bond
5. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
pathogens
cartilage
inspiration
spinal cord
6. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(
xenobiotic
axon terminal
transmission
alcoholic liver disease
7. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.
microcalcifications
metastasis
electromagnetic radiation
acute pain
8. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (
placebo effect
population screening
inflammatory mediators
receptor
9. Building replacement tissues to aid repair following damage.
tissue engineering
water-borne infectious diseases
synapse
PM10
10. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
forced vital capacity
respiratory centres
disinfectant
central nervous system
11. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.
mitochondrio
optical power
cell membrane
granulation tissue
12. Insufficient levels of oxygen in the blood or tissue.
epinephrine
hypoxia
complementary colours
chronic effects
13. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
cornea
screening
bond
mortality data
14. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
traumatic injury
levers
trauma
autonomic nervous system
15. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond
peripheral nervous system
disability adjusted life year
plasticity
proportional mortality
16. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.
adhesion
heat capacity
incidence
diffusion
17. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.
cones
spirogram
hypoxia
systolic blood pressure
18. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.
polymer
phantom pain
fibroblast
xenobiotic
19. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
blood-alcohol concentration
autograft
atom
addiction
20. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so
PM10
pain
cardiovascular system
stress
21. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
cartilage
chronic bronchitis
veins
alcohol tolerant
22. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato
respiratory centres
arterial blood gas test
homeostasis
photorefractive keratectomy
23. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi
nociceptive pain
hepatitis
brain imaging
vital capacity
24. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.
toxin
conditional stimulus
specificity
visual disability
25. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
connective tissue
hyperventilate
trachoma
electronegative
26. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.
excitatory synapse
presbyopia
incidence
protons
27. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
alcohol tolerant
effective dose
chronic inflammation
millilitres
28. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
drainage angle
vasopressin
tissue
wavelength
29. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given
referred pain
gene
respiratory centres
autograft
30. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).
trichromacy
somatic nervous system
vasodilation
epinephrine
31. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.
structural formula
water-borne infectious diseases
postsynaptic neuron
deoxyribonucleic acid
32. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
vitreous humour
chemical bond
double bond
proportional mortality
33. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.
equivalent dose
synapse
optical power
bipedality
34. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.
arterial blood gas test
lower respiratory infection
optometrist
chemical compound
35. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.
autobiographical memory
open fracture
levers
true negative
36. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.
nociceptive pain
ionisation
solvent
bacteria
37. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.
stress
venous return
absorption
phagocyte
38. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.
alcoholic poisoning
autonomic nervous system
wet AMD
relative risk
39. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.
cellular respiration
age-related macular degeneration
refraction
litre
40. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).
cast
psychogenic stimuli
sievert
Snellen letter chart
41. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
heat capacity
polymer
trichromacy
respiratory system
42. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.
open fracture
spirometer
convex
electronvolt
43. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.
nephrons
tissue
rods
forced vital capacity
44. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.
pulmonary hypertension
hominids
body systems
dermis
45. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
oestrogens
pandemic
alcoholic poisoning
double bond
46. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.
incidence
acute effects
point-of-use' strategy
morbidity rate
47. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.
open angle glaucoma
motor neuron
partial pressure
pain matrix
48. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.
refraction
powers of ten
prefrontal cortex
false negative
49. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
light ray
lymph node
laser
glaucoma
50. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (
hypovolaemic shock
age-standardisation
deoxyribonucleic acid
antagonist