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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
convex
cones
fibrin
period
2. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t
arterial blood gas test
hominids
optician
selection pressure
3. The amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs in the first second of expiration - abbreviated to FEV1.
optician
forced expiratory volume in one second
Snellen letter chart
oxidation
4. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil
vacuum
equivalent dose
pulmonary rehabilitation
psychogenic stimuli
5. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.
neurogenic pain
blood pressure
arterial blood gas test
trauma
6. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
abstinence
calcium ions
photon
bond length
7. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ
equivalent dose
body mass index
craving
cartilage
8. Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds - e.g. hydrogen (H2) - water (H2O) - carbon dioxide (CO2).
additive primary colours
cerebral hemisphere
molecule
chemical bond
9. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.
mammography
duct
pupil
incidence
10. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.
microbes
regenerative medicine
metabolism
tolerance
11. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
blood-alcohol concentration
incidence
low vision
12. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.
astigmatism
light ray
blind study
prevalence rate
13. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
relative risk
effective dose
absorbed dose
trichromacy
14. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.
connective tissue
stroma
hypovolaemic shock
presynaptic neuron
15. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.
SI Units
element
cerebral hemisphere
hard problem of consciousness
16. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
axon terminal
amygdale
allograft
venous return
17. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.
visual acuity
nucleus
litre
gas pressure
18. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (also known as 'malignant' cancer)
light ray
leukocytes
invasive cancer
deoxyribonucleic acid
19. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.
ethanol
side-effects
drainage angle
morbidity rate
20. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.
fetal alcohol syndrome
autobiographical memory
total lung capacity
ethanol
21. A non-invasive method of measuring the level of oxygenation of the blood by using light absorption to calculate the relative levels of haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin.
ionisation
peripheral nervous system
lobule
pulse oximetry
22. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
convex
Snellen letter chart
proportional mortality
pulmonary rehabilitation
23. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
DNA repair protein
mutagen
double bond
acute inflammation
24. The effects of ionising radiation are said to be this if there is a threshold below which there is no effect - and if above that threshold - the severity depends on the amount of radiation received.
deterministic
nearwork activity
subjective experience
deoxyribonucleic acid
25. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
glaucoma
urbanisation
centilitre
inhibitory synapse
26. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.
morbidity rate
tolerance
disability adjusted life year
closed fracture
27. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
cartilage
alpha-1 antitrypsin
proteins
dependence
28. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
principal focal point
aqueous humour
prevalence rate
wet AMD
29. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.
inhibitory synapse
closed-angle glaucoma
prevalence rate
hydroxyl group
30. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.
pain
proteins
metabolism
lung function test
31. A measure of how well a person sees - determined by the minimum distance at which two lines (or points) can be distinguished at a test distance.
electronegative
visual acuity
organ
sensory neuron
32. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.
pulmonary hypertension
retina
deoxygenated blood
visual disability
33. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
ophthalmologist
ionisation
microbes
hominids
34. The ability of the brain to take information and perform informed calculations (e.g. calculating the width of a space in which to park a car).
reward
information processing
hard problem of consciousness
morbidity rate
35. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.
noxious stimuli
receptor
lock-and-key interaction
extracellular matrix
36. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
high-risk screening
screening
tissue engineering
deterministic
37. Molecules or proteins released by immune system cells in the region of an injury - infection or other damage to the tissues. They have several effects including dilation (widening) of blood vessels to increase blood supply to the region. They also at
heat capacity
emphysema
inflammatory mediators
stunting
38. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
negative predictive value
bond
biomass fuel
arteries
39. Radiation which can cause ionisation. From the electromagnetic spectrum this includes gamma rays - X-rays and some high-energy ultraviolet radiation.
extracellular matrix
convex
bone marrow
ionising radiation
40. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.
postsynaptic neuron
bond
prevalence
disability adjusted life year
41. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
proteins
deoxyribonucleic acid
lobule
venous return
42. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.
radiographer
carcinoma
ophthalmologist
wave
43. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).
plasticity
abstinence
regenerative medicine
biopsy
44. The unit of absorbed dose of ionising radiation; 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram of tissue.
chemical formula
image
age-standardisation
grays
45. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.
musculoskeletal system
colour blind
nociception
multifactorial disease
46. A synapse at which the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron has an inhibitory effect on a postsynaptic cell - i.e. it inhibits the appearance of action potentials in the second cell.
molecule
organ
double-blind study
inhibitory synapse
47. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometer
stress
side-effects
inhibitory synapse
48. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.
bronchodilator
Snellen letter chart
infectious dose
cornea
49. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
mucus
excitatory synapse
rods
ophthalmologist
50. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.
iris
optician
potential difference
microbes