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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.






2. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.






3. The new tissue formed as a wound repairs - containing tiny new blood vessels that give it a grainy appearance.






4. The effects of ionising radiation are said to be this if there is a threshold below which there is no effect - and if above that threshold - the severity depends on the amount of radiation received.






5. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.






6. An excessive engagement in an activity despite negative consequences and a dependence upon the activity such that when access is denied - craving and withdrawal symptoms are seen. Most usually refers to dependency on a chemical substance but need not






7. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.






8. A group of enzymes that degrade proteins by splitting the protein chain into smaller molecules; also called a 'protease'.






9. This condition occurs when the arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle become blocked by fatty deposits known as plaques - and areas of muscle die as a result.






10. Severe psychological shock.






11. An insoluble fibrous protein that forms clots following tissue damage.






12. A visual impairment in which the lens of the eye loses transparency and exhibits reduced light transmission.






13. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






14. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.






15. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.






16. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






17. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






18. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.






19. Fine particles of a solid suspended in the air.






20. Countries that are only partly industrialised and where national wealth is below that of the developed economies (also known as low- and middle-income countries). They rely to a much greater degree than developed countries on subsistence farming - sm






21. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






22. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.






23. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






24. X-ray imaging of the breast.






25. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






26. Diseases involving the frequent passing of liquid faeces; they are caused by a wide variety of pathogens - including viruses - bacteria and protoctists (single-celled organisms).






27. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.






28. The release of water vapour by plants.






29. Inflammation with a rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration.






30. A break in both of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.






31. A clearly stated provisional explanation for a set of observations or data - devised for the purpose of testing its validity by the collection of additional data or by conducting an experiment.






32. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.






33. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.






34. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.






35. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






36. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.






37. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.






38. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).






39. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.






40. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).






41. Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds - e.g. hydrogen (H2) - water (H2O) - carbon dioxide (CO2).






42. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






43. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.






44. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.






45. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






46. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.






47. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.






48. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.






49. A technique in which a person is placed in a particular psychological state and - in response to suggestions made by the hypnotist - can experience alterations in perception - memory and voluntary action.






50. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.