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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






2. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






3. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.






4. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.






5. Inflammation with a rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration.






6. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)






7. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






8. The material outside the cells in a tissue in which the cells are embedded. It is mainly made from proteins made by and arranged by the cells.






9. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.






10. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.






11. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil






12. Stimuli to pain that are associated with social loss such as bereavement - marital breakdown.






13. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.






14. Vital to many chemical reactions in the body. Crystals containing these form an important part of the structure of bones.






15. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.






16. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






17. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






18. The size and direction of a push or pull.






19. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.






20. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






21. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi






22. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.






23. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.






24. A visual impairment in which the lens of the eye loses transparency and exhibits reduced light transmission.






25. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.






26. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.






27. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






28. A synapse at which the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron has an inhibitory effect on a postsynaptic cell - i.e. it inhibits the appearance of action potentials in the second cell.






29. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.






30. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.






31. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






32. A disorder of the fetus or infant caused by excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy.






33. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.






34. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






35. A disease in which an excessive loss of bone structure occurs.






36. The cells that produce new bone.






37. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.






38. The cultivation of land for the purpose of crop production and/or the rearing of livestock - primarily for food - but also to provide materials - e.g. for fuel - clothing and shelter.






39. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






40. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






41. The number of new cases in a given period - usually a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population






42. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.






43. Categorised into three progressive stages: fatty liver - hepatitis and cirrhosis.






44. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san






45. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.






46. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.






47. Death.






48. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.






49. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.






50. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.