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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Countries that are only partly industrialised and where national wealth is below that of the developed economies (also known as low- and middle-income countries). They rely to a much greater degree than developed countries on subsistence farming - sm






2. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






3. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.






4. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.






5. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).






6. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






7. A disease in which an excessive loss of bone structure occurs.






8. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






9. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






10. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






11. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.






12. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






13. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.






14. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






15. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






16. The total number of people who have the condition (disease - disorder or disability) at a particular point in time - regardless of how long they have been affected.






17. The outer layer of the brain - also known as the 'cerebral cortex'. (






18. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.






19. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).






20. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.






21. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.






22. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (also known as 'malignant' cancer)






23. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






24. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.






25. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.






26. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.






27. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






28. That part of the nervous system that exerts control over the skeletal muscles and thereby over behaviour.






29. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






30. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.






31. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.






32. A theory of pain that was first proposed by Patrick Wall and Ronald Melzack in 1965. It suggests that there is - metaphorically speaking - a 'gate' within the spinal cord such that - if the gate is closed - nociceptive messages can be blocked. If the






33. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.






34. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.






35. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






36. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.






37. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






38. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.






39. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.






40. Any cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles - bacteria and cell debris.






41. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






42. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.






43. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.






44. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.






45. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.






46. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






47. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.






48. The process of detecting stimuli that cause actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.






49. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






50. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.