SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.
force
hyperopia
incubation period
equivalent dose
2. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
analgesia
mortality
acute effects
photon
3. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.
axon terminal
chemoreceptor
forced vital capacity
age-related macular degeneration
4. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet
carboxyhaemoglobin
plasticity
hypothesis
chronic inflammation
5. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.
pulmonary hypertension
lens
inspiration
deoxygenated blood
6. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.
expiration
gate theory
elastase
inflammation
7. A graphical method of showing whether two numerical variables are related to one another. They are called 'variables' because they can each have a range of possible values. Each data point represents a particular entity - such as a country - for whic
lung function test
scatter plot
axon terminal
connective tissue
8. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
tissue
optometrist
cast
optical power
9. Blood that contains very little oxygen.
iris
deoxygenated blood
ionising radiation
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
10. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.
compact bone
concave
alpha-1 antitrypsin
pupil
11. Death.
diaphragm
mortality
Snellen letter chart
SAFE
12. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
psychological trauma
spirometer
cell membrane
evolutionary trade-off
13. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
autobiographical memory
placebo effect
diaphragm
high-risk screening
14. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.
motor neuron
colour blind
child mortality rate
optometrist
15. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level
epidemic
element
electronegative
developing countries
16. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.
blood pressure
proportional morbidity
psychological trauma
screening
17. Visual defects caused by imperfections in the cornea and/or lens of the eye.
selection pressure
haemoglobin
refractive errors
blood-alcohol concentration
18. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.
covalent bond
attenuation coefficient
malignant cancer
stem cells
19. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.
myopia
antagonist
lymph node
homeostasis
20. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
developing countries
centilitre
aqueous humour
acute condition
21. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.
proteins
hyperopia
spinal cord
autograft
22. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
PM10
open fracture
peripheral nervous system
absorbed dose
23. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.
haemoglobin
cancellous
adaptive characteristic
bronchus
24. A protein produced by a living organism that functions as a catalyst. It facilitates other molecules entering into chemical reactions with one another - but is itself unaffected by these reactions.
bacteria
structural formula
enzyme
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
25. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.
analgesics
granulation tissue
body mass index
immunodeficiency
26. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.
centilitre
referred pain
wind-up
neurotransmitter
27. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
toxin
trachea
toxicology
morbidity rate
28. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
phagocyte
abstinence
trachoma
cognitive-behavioural therapy
29. That part of the nervous system that is not within the central nervous system. It is made up of nerves throughout the body.
contagious
Snellen letter chart
peripheral nervous system
myofibrils
30. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato
respiratory centres
morbidity rate
respiratory system
postsynaptic neuron
31. The tissues that attach muscles to bones.
tendons
reflex
scatter plot
vitreous humour
32. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.
blind study
partial pressure
oxyhaemoglobin
acute pain
33. A condition in which the immune system fails to respond normally to an infection; it can be caused by a genetic defect and by HIV/AIDS - as well as by malnutrition.
opiates
axon terminal
immunodeficiency
affect
34. A type of cell that is found within the nervous system and Which is specialised to transmit and process information (colloquially referred to as 'nerve cell').
neuron
incubation period
grays
age-related macular degeneration
35. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.
structural formula
hepatitis
pupil
allograft
36. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.
sputum
lens
tendons
proteinase
37. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)
ophthalmologist
total lung capacity
veins
analgesia
38. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.
covalent bond
prevalence
incidence
epithelial tissue
39. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl
focal length
inflammatory mediators
risk factor
microcalcifications
40. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.
hydrogen bond
inflammation
trichiasis
threshold of excitation
41. Any cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles - bacteria and cell debris.
homeostasis
referred pain
phagocyte
disability adjusted life year
42. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec
inflammatory mediators
receptor
molecule
litre
43. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.
positive predictive value
presbyopia
endothelial cells
open fracture
44. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
selection pressure
effective dose
subjective experience
pyloric sphincter
45. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat
selection pressure
age-related macular degeneration
psychogenic stimuli
acute condition
46. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.
leukocytes
light ray
extinction
scar
47. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.
oxygenated blood
cancer cell
proportional mortality
neurotransmitter
48. A break in the continuity of a bone. Classified according to the extent of damage and the subsequent position of the broken pieces.
vital capacity
focal length
fracture
gene
49. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.
developed countries
prevalence rate
skeletal muscle
false positive
50. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.
chronic condition
pH scale
epithelial tissue
bipedality