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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
endothelial cells
hydroxyl group
chronic condition
homeostasis
2. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.
lobule
brain imaging
mortality
pupil
3. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.
accommodation
Snellen letter chart
wind-up
trachea
4. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.
reinforcer
conjunctivitis
spinal cord
prevalence rate
5. The release of water vapour by plants.
cellular respiration
Schwann cells
transpiration
organ
6. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.
child mortality rate
low vision
colour blind
single bond
7. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
cast
deoxyribonucleic acid
alcoholic poisoning
cell membrane
8. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.
complementary colours
evolutionary trade-off
true negative
antagonist
9. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.
brain imaging
carboxyhaemoglobin
hydroxyl group
inflammation
10. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.
nephrons
infant mortality rate
arteries
microbes
11. Blood that contains a high level of oxygen and in which most of the haemoglobin has been converted into oxyhaemoglobin by bonding to oxygen.
endothelial cells
oxygenated blood
choroid
ion
12. The size and direction of a push or pull.
force
immunodeficiency
natural selection
visual impairment
13. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.
lens
age-related macular degeneration
population screening
metastasis
14. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.
image
child mortality rate
analgesia
ionisation
15. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.
infectious dose
glaucoma
high-risk screening
evolutionary trade-off
16. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.
incubation period
millilitres
mitochondrio
wave-particle duality
17. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl
axon terminal
tissue engineering
abstinence
stress
18. A non-invasive method of measuring the level of oxygenation of the blood by using light absorption to calculate the relative levels of haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin.
tissue
fibroblast
homeostasis
pulse oximetry
19. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.
metabolism
opportunistic screening
lung function test
prevalence rate
20. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.
scar
intensity
optometrist
ophthalmologist
21. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi
psychobiological approach
morbidity
excitatory synapse
radiologist
22. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
true negative
cast
hominids
adaptive value
23. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.
fatty liver
incidence
pain
collagen
24. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
equivalent dose
invasive cancer
disinfectant
retina
25. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.
endocrine disruptors
coronary heart disease
ecotoxicology
inspiration
26. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.
cancer cell
sievert
proportional morbidity
grays
27. The cells that produce new bone.
gas pressure
osteoblasts
SAFE
sensory neuron
28. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.
single-strand break
nociceptive pain
covalent bond
pulmonary rehabilitation
29. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.
radiologist
diaphragm
postsynaptic neuron
true positive
30. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level
epidemic
morbidity rate
wind-up
neuron
31. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.
electron
information processing
ionic compound
action potential
32. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A
craving
specificity
anti-inflammatory
heat capacity
33. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.
chemical symbol
pyloric sphincter
prefrontal cortex
tolerance
34. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.
visual acuity
gas pressure
axon
metabolism
35. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.
postsynaptic neuron
respiration
nearwork activity
brain imaging
36. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.
acute effects
vacuum
morbidity rate
equivalent dose
37. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of
pain matrix
chronic bronchitis
homeostasis
osteoclasts
38. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu
absorption
analgesia
proxy measure
evolutionary trade-off
39. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.
reinforcer
osteoblasts
hydroxyl group
conditional stimulus
40. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.
morbidity
bioaccumulation
true negative
inflammation
41. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).
autograft
subjective experience
cognitive-behavioural therapy
abstinence
42. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.
dependence
rods
lymph node
pulmonary hypertension
43. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.
pyloric sphincter
lung function test
vasodilation
calcium ions
44. Tells you which type of atoms are bonded together to make up a compound or molecule - using symbols for its constituent elements. It also shows How many of each type of atom there are (e.g. the formula for carbon dioxide - CO2 - shows it has one carb
heat capacity
chronic bronchitis
risk factor
chemical formula
45. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
cones
macula lutea
morbidity rate
bronchiole
46. The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would exert if it were alone in a container.
solvent
mind
regenerative medicine
partial pressure
47. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.
true positive
mortality data
hyperopia
erythrocyte
48. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.
wave-particle duality
disability adjusted life year
chemoreceptor
obesity
49. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.
interneuron
optician
age-standardisation
nerve
50. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
effective dose
solvent
complementary colours
optician