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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno






2. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






3. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






4. A clearly stated provisional explanation for a set of observations or data - devised for the purpose of testing its validity by the collection of additional data or by conducting an experiment.






5. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






6. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






7. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.






8. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.






9. Condition in which no colour at all can be seen.






10. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






11. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






12. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






13. The problem of trying to explain how the subjective feelings of consciousness arise from the physical matter of the brain.






14. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






15. A small depression in the retina of the eye - with high visual capability - consisting exclusively of cones.






16. Severe psychological shock.






17. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






18. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






19. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.






20. The level of intensity of stimulation of a neuron at which it first shows activity. The term is used particularly in the context of sensory neurons.






21. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






22. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.






23. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.






24. Haemoglobin bound to oxygen molecules. Transports oxygen from blood vessels in the lungs to the cells in the rest of the body.






25. The joining of tissues to each other that may occur abnormally during repair.






26. A condition characterised by inflammation of the walls of the airways and excess production of mucus. It results in a persistent (chronic) cough with production of sputum - obstruction of airflow and increased vulnerability to respiratory infections.






27. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.






28. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.






29. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






30. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.






31. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






32. Persistent inflammation over long periods of time that occurs when the tissues are unable to overcome the effects of an injurious agent.






33. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil






34. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






35. The separation of waste products from the blood.






36. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.






37. Industrial chemicals - commonly found as environmental pollutants - that disrupt the hormonal systems of animals - including humans.






38. A theory of pain that was first proposed by Patrick Wall and Ronald Melzack in 1965. It suggests that there is - metaphorically speaking - a 'gate' within the spinal cord such that - if the gate is closed - nociceptive messages can be blocked. If the






39. The amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs in the first second of expiration - abbreviated to FEV1.






40. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).






41. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.






42. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.






43. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






44. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.






45. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






46. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.






47. Tells you which type of atoms are bonded together to make up a compound or molecule - using symbols for its constituent elements. It also shows How many of each type of atom there are (e.g. the formula for carbon dioxide - CO2 - shows it has one carb






48. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.






49. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.






50. A break in the continuity of a bone. Classified according to the extent of damage and the subsequent position of the broken pieces.