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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.






2. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.






3. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.






4. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






5. The release of water vapour by plants.






6. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.






7. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried






8. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.






9. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.






10. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.






11. Blood that contains a high level of oxygen and in which most of the haemoglobin has been converted into oxyhaemoglobin by bonding to oxygen.






12. The size and direction of a push or pull.






13. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.






14. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






15. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.






16. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.






17. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl






18. A non-invasive method of measuring the level of oxygenation of the blood by using light absorption to calculate the relative levels of haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin.






19. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.






20. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.






21. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi






22. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






23. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






24. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






25. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.






26. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.






27. The cells that produce new bone.






28. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






29. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.






30. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level






31. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.






32. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






33. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.






34. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.






35. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






36. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






37. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of






38. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu






39. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.






40. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






41. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).






42. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






43. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






44. Tells you which type of atoms are bonded together to make up a compound or molecule - using symbols for its constituent elements. It also shows How many of each type of atom there are (e.g. the formula for carbon dioxide - CO2 - shows it has one carb






45. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






46. The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would exert if it were alone in a container.






47. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.






48. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.






49. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.






50. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are