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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.






2. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.






3. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






4. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.






5. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






6. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran






7. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.






8. A group of steroid hormones produced mainly by the ovaries (some are also produced by fat deposits in the body) - which are responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.






9. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l






10. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.






11. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






12. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.






13. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.






14. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.






15. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.






16. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.






17. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number






18. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






19. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.






20. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.






21. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






22. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.






23. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






24. For a screening procedure such as mammography - this value is the number of true negative results expressed as a percentage of the total number of negative results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person






25. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






26. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).






27. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co






28. A form of notation (also known as 'scientific notation') used for expressing very large or very small numbers.






29. Vital to many chemical reactions in the body. Crystals containing these form an important part of the structure of bones.






30. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






31. Drinking to get drunk rather than just for pleasure.






32. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).






33. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.






34. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.






35. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.






36. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.






37. An excessive engagement in an activity despite negative consequences and a dependence upon the activity such that when access is denied - craving and withdrawal symptoms are seen. Most usually refers to dependency on a chemical substance but need not






38. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






39. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.






40. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.






41. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.






42. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






43. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






44. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.






45. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (






46. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






47. The type of bone (sometimes called compact) that is more dense (compared with cancellous bone) and very strong. It is found in the parts of the bone that need to withstand the largest forces.






48. The build-up of levels of a chemical contaminant in the bodies of animals at successive levels in a food chain.






49. A device that produces light of a single wavelength Which is transmitted in a narrow and powerful beam.






50. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.