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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Countries that are only partly industrialised and where national wealth is below that of the developed economies (also known as low- and middle-income countries). They rely to a much greater degree than developed countries on subsistence farming - sm
developing countries
enzyme
myopia
bone marrow
2. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(
neutron
phantom pain
skeletal muscle
force
3. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.
convex
proteinase
psychogenic stimuli
stunting
4. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
information processing
morbidity
psychogenic pain
polar molecule
5. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).
allograft
opportunistic screening
psychobiological approach
reinforcer
6. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
bipedality
alveolus
prevalence rate
insufficiency fracture
7. A disease in which an excessive loss of bone structure occurs.
osteoporosis
tidal volume
primates
pandemic
8. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
interneuron
PM10
disinfectant
coronary heart disease
9. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
tidal volume
opioid
forced expiratory volume in one second
spirometry
10. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.
osteoporosis
postsynaptic neuron
coronary heart disease
polymer
11. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.
hippocampus
systolic blood pressure
true positive
trichiasis
12. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
electromagnetic radiation
polar molecule
interneuron
fatty liver
13. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.
bone marrow
pandemic
bipedality
leukocytes
14. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.
inflammatory mediators
covalent bond
optical power
psychogenic pain
15. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
single bond
chemical bond
true negative
subjective experience
16. The total number of people who have the condition (disease - disorder or disability) at a particular point in time - regardless of how long they have been affected.
cancer cell
force
prevalence
alcohol tolerant
17. The outer layer of the brain - also known as the 'cerebral cortex'. (
cortex
nephrons
duct
aqueous humour
18. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
adaptive value
ecosystems
refractive errors
ligaments
19. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).
psychological trauma
high-risk screening
mitochondrio
dependence
20. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.
opiates
epithelial cells
water-borne infectious diseases
epidemiology
21. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.
open angle glaucoma
ionic bonding
inflammatory mediators
mammals
22. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (also known as 'malignant' cancer)
powers of ten
pain matrix
invasive cancer
neurogenic pain
23. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.
craving
inflammation
conditional stimulus
referred pain
24. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
glaucoma
organ
trichromacy
splint
25. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.
stochastic
stem cells
leukocytes
powers of ten
26. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.
aqueous humour
metabolism
alveolus
lens
27. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
negative predictive value
blind study
mutation
chemical bond
28. That part of the nervous system that exerts control over the skeletal muscles and thereby over behaviour.
classical conditioning
somatic nervous system
inflammatory mediators
developing countries
29. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
enzyme
trichromacy
proportional mortality
tissue
30. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.
nerve
photorefractive keratectomy
total lung capacity
axon
31. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.
chronic inflammation
hominids
diastolic blood pressure
vacuum
32. A theory of pain that was first proposed by Patrick Wall and Ronald Melzack in 1965. It suggests that there is - metaphorically speaking - a 'gate' within the spinal cord such that - if the gate is closed - nociceptive messages can be blocked. If the
optician
gate theory
iris
adhesion
33. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.
coronary heart disease
attenuation coefficient
reflection
age-related macular degeneration
34. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
contagious
alpha-1 antitrypsin
mitochondrio
concave
35. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
cancellous
levers
disability adjusted life year
single-strand break
36. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.
neuron
epithelial cells
levers
media
37. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.
force
metastasis
Schwann cells
total lung capacity
38. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.
ion
dermis
epithelial tissue
vasodilation
39. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.
osteoclasts
veins
refractive errors
pathogens
40. Any cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles - bacteria and cell debris.
phagocyte
mortality data
regenerative medicine
pandemic
41. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.
cardiovascular system
regenerative medicine
pulse oximetry
vacuum
42. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
polymer
cell membrane
tolerance
neurotransmitter
43. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.
epithelial cells
neutron
opportunistic screening
alcohol tolerant
44. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.
nephrons
double-strand break
low vision
carcinoma
45. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.
toxin
radiologist
psychological trauma
non-communicable diseases
46. A small airway branching from a bronchus.
wavelength
bronchiole
autobiographical memory
negative predictive value
47. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.
negative predictive value
confounding factor
hypnosis
oxygenated blood
48. The process of detecting stimuli that cause actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.
nociception
chronic inflammation
positive predictive value
myofibre
49. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.
pulmonary rehabilitation
skeletal muscle
diarrhoeal diseases
affect
50. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
lock-and-key interaction
absorbed dose
spirogram
legal blindness