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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The cells that produce new bone.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
osteoblasts
primates
point-of-use' strategy
2. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.
optician
reinforcer
noxious stimuli
plasticity
3. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
extracellular matrix
connective tissue
tidal volume
levers
4. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short
bone marrow
antagonist
primates
levers
5. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond
hyperopia
gate theory
disability adjusted life year
heat capacity
6. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.
endocrine disruptors
blood pressure
mutation
accommodation
7. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
chemical bond
bipedality
enzyme
prevalence rate
8. A condition in which the cornea is irregularly curved.
oxygenated blood
astigmatism
inhibitory synapse
forced vital capacity
9. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.
water-borne infectious diseases
visual disability
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
phagocyte
10. The statistical study of the occurrence - distribution - potential causes and control of diseases and disabilities in human populations (CS 1 - 3 - 4 & 6)
force
elastase
epidemiology
priority eye diseases
11. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.
electronvolt
optometrist
hormone
respiration
12. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
cataract
hippocampus
inflammatory mediators
psychogenic pain
13. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
Snellen letter chart
anti-inflammatory
alcohol tolerant
high-risk screening
14. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.
mortality
gas pressure
optician
brain imaging
15. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.
neutron
mutagen
rods
wet AMD
16. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
potential difference
alveolus
xenobiotic
chronic bronchitis
17. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.
iris
metabolism
reflection
inspiration
18. This term indicates alcohol's effect in inducing 'psychological short-sightedness'. Alcohol lowers the range of attention - so that immediate events take on more importance than their future consequences.
pulse oximetry
diabetic retinopathy
dementia
alcohol myopia
19. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.
arteries
conjunctivitis
lens
oxygenated blood
20. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).
trachea
cortex
mitochondrio
residual volume
21. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.
refraction
trichiasis
lung function test
emphysema
22. A small group of atoms bonded together which carry an overall electrical charge; e.g. the bicarbonate ion and the nitrate ion.
atomic nucleus
pupil
polyatomic ions
amygdale
23. A type of cell that can migrate into wound sites and make new extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen.
neuron
postsynaptic neuron
visual acuity
fibroblast
24. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.
fetal alcohol syndrome
incidence
autograft
hard problem of consciousness
25. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
neuron
atomic nucleus
capillaries
true negative
26. Blood that contains very little oxygen.
oxyhaemoglobin
photon
alveolus
deoxygenated blood
27. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.
relative risk
laser
screening
acute condition
28. A visual impairment in which the lens of the eye loses transparency and exhibits reduced light transmission.
gene
trachoma
cataract
mortality rate
29. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
ecosystems
convex
negative predictive value
craving
30. A group of steroid hormones produced mainly by the ovaries (some are also produced by fat deposits in the body) - which are responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.
venous return
developing countries
oestrogens
vitreous humour
31. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver
age-standardisation
respiration
catalyst
acute inflammation
32. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.
gas pressure
residual volume
granulation tissue
pain matrix
33. A chronic - irreversible disease of the lungs characterised by loss of elastic recoil and enlarged air spaces in the lungs due to destruction of the walls of the alveoli and small airways.
closed-angle glaucoma
connective tissue
emphysema
regenerative medicine
34. The distance between atoms in a molecule.
cell membrane
hominids
organ
bond length
35. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
fulcrum
trachea
hippocampus
wavelength
36. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.
morbidity
fatty liver
trauma
epithelial cells
37. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.
double-blind study
osteoporosis
postsynaptic neuron
sweat glands
38. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
astigmatism
hypothesis
cast
expiration
39. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.
cornea
cerebral hemisphere
total lung capacity
open fracture
40. An inflammation of the liver which can vary in severity.
hepatitis
intensity
forced vital capacity
prevalence rate
41. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).
proxy measure
alveolus
retina
positive predictive value
42. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
disability adjusted life year
fulcrum
ionic bonding
mind
43. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.
chemical bond
SI Units
transmission
epithelial tissue
44. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.
point-of-use' strategy
double-blind study
calcium ions
epidermis
45. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.
pain
biopsy
optometrist
cirrhosis
46. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat
withdrawal symptoms
fracture
acute condition
chronic inflammation
47. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
osteoclasts
duct
effective dose
morbidity
48. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).
photorefractive keratectomy
levers
subjective experience
multifactorial disease
49. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.
additive primary colours
atom
autonomic nervous system
sensory neuron
50. An irreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis - in which airway obstruction causes breathing difficulties - including shortness of breath.
cast
oxyhaemoglobin
body mass index
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease