SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).
stress response
organ
dependence
SI Units
2. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.
relative risk
prevalence rate
transmission
blood-alcohol concentration
3. A bundle of the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system. (Occasionally employed informally to refer to a bundle of axons within the central nervous system.)
confounding factor
age-standardisation
spectrum
nerve
4. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also
mucus
convex
conditional stimulus
sputum
5. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.
diabetic retinopathy
lower respiratory infection
additive primary colours
false negative
6. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t
agonist
adaptive characteristic
mammography
musculoskeletal system
7. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.
infant mortality rate
electromagnetic radiation
mutation
cardiovascular system
8. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.
ethanol
lens
homeostasis
closed fracture
9. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.
particulates
postsynaptic neuron
dermis
immune system
10. The effects of ionising radiation are said to be this if there is a threshold below which there is no effect - and if above that threshold - the severity depends on the amount of radiation received.
respiration
fibrin
deterministic
dry AMD
11. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.
positive predictive value
lymph node
conjunctivitis
skeletal muscle
12. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.
accommodation
age-standardisation
fibrosis
period
13. The type of blood cell that transports oxygen; also known as a red blood cell.
lock-and-key interaction
age-standardisation
withdrawal symptoms
erythrocyte
14. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
low vision
pyloric sphincter
glaucoma
double-blind study
15. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl
autonomic nervous system
population screening
chemical bond
stress
16. Death.
mortality
spirometry
spinal cord
SAFE
17. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil
anti-inflammatory
trachoma
equivalent dose
millilitres
18. The number of new cases in a given period - usually a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population
effective dose
synapse
incidence rate
attenuation
19. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (
false positive
placebo effect
presynaptic neuron
natural selection
20. A break in one of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.
extinction
capillaries
single-strand break
mortality rate
21. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.
referred pain
priority eye diseases
prevalence rate
contagious
22. A scale from 0 to 14 describing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution - where 7 is neutral - greater than 7 is more basic (alkaline) and less than 7 is more acidic.
pH scale
nephrons
proportional mortality
axon terminal
23. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
effective dose
excretion
cardiovascular system
polyatomic ions
24. The blood pressure that is detected between heart contractions (lower than the systolic blood pressure).
ionisation
legal blindness
cornea
diastolic blood pressure
25. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat
aqueous humour
ionising radiation
prevalence
acute condition
26. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.
alcoholic poisoning
reinforcer
epithelial tissue
PM10
27. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b
extinction
acidosis
electronegative
inflammatory mediators
28. The value of a characteristic in terms of its contribution to the survival and reproductive chances of an animal.
adaptive value
microbes
prevalence rate
reinforcer
29. Diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person (also known as 'non-infectious diseases' or 'chronic conditions' or 'long-term conditions'); they mainly develop slowly over time and persist for a long period - or are irreversible; e.g. canc
somatic nervous system
leukocytes
developed countries
non-communicable diseases
30. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.
primates
cataract
structural formula
optician
31. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
reinforcer
fibroblast
chronic condition
double bond
32. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.
principal focal point
alcohol myopia
single bond
analgesia
33. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.
axon
agriculture
transmission
endothelial cells
34. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.
traumatic injury
drainage angle
alpha-1 antitrypsin
tissue
35. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.
radiologist
sputum
forced expiratory volume in one second
acute condition
36. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
wavelength
diffusion
bronchus
osteoporosis
37. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.
compact bone
additive primary colours
binge drinking
low vision
38. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu
calcium ions
bioaccumulation
disability adjusted life year
proxy measure
39. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.
prefrontal cortex
cell
respiration
spirometry
40. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si
obesity
mortality data
post-traumatic stress disorder
mutagen
41. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.
double bond
bronchus
hyperopia
sputum
42. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)
opiates
neuron
pulmonary hypertension
epithelial cells
43. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.
myopia
hypnosis
DNA repair protein
obesity
44. Negatively charged particle of almost no mass that surround the nucleus of an atom.
electron
amygdale
cell
carboxyhaemoglobin
45. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.
reflection
sensory neuron
hypovolaemic shock
addiction
46. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.
hypovolaemic shock
post-traumatic stress disorder
coronary heart disease
bronchus
47. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.
opiates
carboxyhaemoglobin
splint
nephrons
48. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.
presynaptic neuron
carcinoma
opioid
principal focal point
49. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
hypovolaemic shock
protons
light ray
osteoblasts
50. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.
false negative
immune system
blood pressure
spectrum