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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A simple way of presenting numerical data visually - so as to emphasise the relative size of different numbers. May be arranged vertically or horizontally.
negative predictive value
bioaccumulation
bar chart
xenobiotic
2. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.
hard problem of consciousness
hippocampus
population age-structures
solvent
3. Microbes that cause disease.
physiology
pathogens
multifactorial disease
cast
4. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.
enzyme
hippocampus
media
fibroblast
5. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
hyperventilate
pathogens
bond dissociation energy
photon
6. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.
urbanisation
vasodilation
cortex
action potential
7. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
polymer
reflection
immunodeficiency
absorbed dose
8. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.
protons
acidosis
neutron
legal blindness
9. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).
attenuation
axon terminal
photorefractive keratectomy
dependence
10. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.
acute pain
mind
extinction
chronic inflammation
11. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver
myopia
age-standardisation
cornea
traumatic injury
12. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
spirometer
cirrhosis
expiration
transmission
13. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
spirogram
agonist
spirometry
glaucoma
14. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled at each breath when resting (abbreviated to TV).
catalyst
focal length
tissue engineering
tidal volume
15. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.
litre
opportunistic screening
potential difference
presynaptic neuron
16. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.
myofibrils
ecosystems
cornea
gate theory
17. A value which can be used to calculate the degree to which X-rays (or other radiation) are reduced in intensity when passing through a material (e.g. human tissue).
pulse oximetry
attenuation coefficient
receptor
pandemic
18. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.
incidence
cancellous
osteoporosis
enzyme
19. The layer of the eye - between retina and sclera - which absorbs any light that has not interacted with the rods and cones in the retina.
endothelial cells
contagious
choroid
cognition
20. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .
visual acuity
mortality rate
bronchus
period
21. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.
immunodeficiency
venous return
polyatomic ions
invasive cancer
22. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.
solvent
autograft
additive primary colours
colour blind
23. The integrated body system of organs - tissues - cells and proteins that functions to protect the body from potentially pathogenic organisms (microbes) or harmful substances.
arterial blood gas test
pyloric sphincter
immune system
hyperopia
24. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.
spirogram
collagen
pulmonary hypertension
obesity
25. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
gate theory
accommodation
dry AMD
spirogram
26. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
duct
cell membrane
gas transfer test
27. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).
electronvolt
immunodeficiency
double-blind study
inhibitory synapse
28. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
oxidation
ligaments
chemical bond
pupil
29. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
bond
true positive
tidal volume
trauma
30. The curved transparent layer that covers the front part of the eye. This (together with the lens) refracts light to form of an image on the retina - as well as protecting the eye from frontal damage.
cornea
compact bone
epidemic
side-effects
31. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
hard problem of consciousness
potential difference
ecosystems
mortality
32. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.
toxicology
PM10
dry AMD
atomic nucleus
33. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.
pathogens
hormone
hyperopia
autobiographical memory
34. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato
motor neuron
negative feedback
respiratory centres
bacteria
35. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
aqueous humour
chemical formula
mutation
nucleus
36. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.
visual acuity
cornea
wavelength
age-related macular degeneration
37. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
deoxyribonucleic acid
presbyopia
pandemic
extinction
38. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
colour deficiency
analgesia
veins
39. Countries that are only partly industrialised and where national wealth is below that of the developed economies (also known as low- and middle-income countries). They rely to a much greater degree than developed countries on subsistence farming - sm
developing countries
arterial blood gas test
element
allograft
40. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.
bipedality
mitochondrio
microcalcifications
enzyme
41. The study of the relationship between the structure and the function of body systems.
physiology
pyloric sphincter
axon terminal
principal focal point
42. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san
metastasis
atomic nucleus
developed countries
additive primary colours
43. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.
visual disability
absorption
epithelial tissue
equivalent dose
44. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a
prefrontal cortex
musculoskeletal system
natural selection
chemical symbol
45. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.
population age-structures
false positive
solvent
vacuum
46. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t
proportional morbidity
inflammation
selection pressure
primates
47. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.
transmission
systolic blood pressure
ionic bonding
structural formula
48. A chemical that is stored within the axon terminal of a neuron and is released in response to electrical activity within that neuron. It passes the short distance to a neighbouring cell (neuron or muscle cell) where it binds to a neurotransmitter rec
polymer
reflection
neurotransmitter
mind
49. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.
stochastic
anti-inflammatory
refraction
focal length
50. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.
spirometer
trachoma
hominids
conjunctivitis