SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of new cases in a given period - usually a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population
extinction
connective tissue
interneuron
incidence rate
2. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.
spirometry
selection pressure
atomic nucleus
chronic pain
3. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
chemical compound
opiates
trauma
proportional mortality
4. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
fulcrum
double-blind study
Schwann cells
axon
5. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.
neurotransmitter
screening
respiratory centres
osteoporosis
6. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
prevalence rate
cell membrane
connective tissue
single-strand break
7. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.
accommodation
macula lutea
electron
stress
8. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.
bar chart
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
proteins
antagonist
9. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a
prefrontal cortex
disability adjusted life year
visual impairment
endothelial cells
10. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.
pain
nephrons
cornea
cell
11. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.
cell
mutation
neurotransmitter
carboxyhaemoglobin
12. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.
cancellous
chronic condition
natural selection
presynaptic neuron
13. A gradual change in about 10% of chronic heavy drinkers whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.
radiographer
cirrhosis
epidemiology
agonist
14. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv
positive predictive value
wavelength
equivalent dose
chronic effects
15. Disease - disorder or disability.
deterministic
attenuation coefficient
morbidity
cognition
16. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
drainage angle
ecosystems
tissue
refractive errors
17. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.
choroid
confounding factor
mind
synapse
18. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
granulation tissue
malignant cancer
hard problem of consciousness
wavelength
19. The material outside the cells in a tissue in which the cells are embedded. It is mainly made from proteins made by and arranged by the cells.
extracellular matrix
true positive
blind study
sweat glands
20. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
alcohol tolerant
developed countries
bacteria
splint
21. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.
elastase
molecule
deoxyribonucleic acid
cerebral hemisphere
22. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).
metabolism
mucus
immunodeficiency
SI Units
23. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
absorbed dose
iris
peripheral nervous system
false positive
24. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
biomass fuel
psychogenic stimuli
photon
epithelial tissue
25. A hormone Which is normally secreted by the brain in response to decreased water levels in the body. When alcohol is drunk - ethanol acts on the brain and inhibites the release of this - allowing the kidneys to make more urine.
diaphragm
ionisation
vasopressin
organ
26. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.
cell
cellular respiration
dementia
chronic inflammation
27. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.
heat capacity
trauma
lock-and-key interaction
nephrons
28. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
high-risk screening
gas pressure
molecule
contagious
29. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the
natural selection
microcalcifications
trachoma
DNA repair protein
30. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.
adaptive characteristic
lymph node
intensity
information processing
31. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.
bond length
diabetic retinopathy
single bond
central nervous system
32. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
high-risk screening
trachoma
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
haemoglobin
33. Leading global causes of visual impairment that have been identified by the WHO's Vision 2020 project as targets that can be prevented or treated. They include refractive errors and low vision - cataract - glaucoma - AMD - diabetic retinopathy and tr
priority eye diseases
mind
incidence rate
vasodilation
34. A group of enzymes that degrade proteins by splitting the protein chain into smaller molecules; also called a 'protease'.
millilitres
capillaries
proteinase
DNA repair protein
35. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.
myopia
absorption
skeletal muscle
haemoglobin
36. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
colour deficiency
rods
allograft
media
37. A process whereby a parameter is maintained at a nearly constant value because deviations from its normal value tend to trigger actions that 'negate' the deviation and return it to normality; e.g. a fall in body temperature is fed back via the nervou
epithelial tissue
negative feedback
concave
inflammation
38. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.
phantom pain
hippocampus
erythrocyte
acute pain
39. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.
fracture
ecosystems
opportunistic screening
elastase
40. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
carboxyhaemoglobin
withdrawal symptoms
expiration
rods
41. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.
choroid
inspiration
axon terminal
antagonist
42. A break in the continuity of a bone. Classified according to the extent of damage and the subsequent position of the broken pieces.
connective tissue
pulmonary rehabilitation
organ
fracture
43. A screening programme (sometimes called 'mass screening') that aims to screen everyone in a particular population group (rarely every citizen) - e.g. everyone over the age of 50 years - or all newborn babies. Attempts are made to screen everyone in t
metastasis
population screening
sputum
polar molecule
44. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
bone marrow
alveolus
hypnosis
total lung capacity
45. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.
pain matrix
closed fracture
obesity
autonomic nervous system
46. That part of the nervous system that is not within the central nervous system. It is made up of nerves throughout the body.
reflection
affect
radiologist
peripheral nervous system
47. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
visual impairment
peripheral nervous system
hippocampus
48. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.
population screening
autograft
haemoglobin
epithelial tissue
49. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san
developed countries
absorbed dose
wavelength
positive predictive value
50. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.
insufficiency fracture
PM10
gas pressure
coronary heart disease