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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






2. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.






3. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.






4. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).






5. The thinnest blood vessels.






6. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.






7. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






8. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l






9. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.






10. A form of energy that can be described as either a wave or as a flow of 'packets' of energy. It includes gamma rays - X-rays - ultraviolet - visible light - infrared - microwaves and radio waves. The different types of radiation are distinguished by






11. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.






12. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.






13. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.






14. Radiation which can cause ionisation. From the electromagnetic spectrum this includes gamma rays - X-rays and some high-energy ultraviolet radiation.






15. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






16. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.






17. The tissues that attach muscles to bones.






18. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






19. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).






20. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.






21. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.






22. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.






23. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






24. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.






25. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.






26. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.






27. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.






28. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






29. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.






30. A group of primates - to which modern humans belong - characterised by upright posture and a very large brain in relation to body size.






31. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.






32. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






33. The new tissue formed as a wound repairs - containing tiny new blood vessels that give it a grainy appearance.






34. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.






35. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.






36. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






37. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).






38. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).






39. An early and reversible consequence of excessive alcohol consumption during which fat accumulates within the cells of the liver.






40. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.






41. Blood that contains a high level of oxygen and in which most of the haemoglobin has been converted into oxyhaemoglobin by bonding to oxygen.






42. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.






43. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.






44. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






45. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.






46. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(






47. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






48. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






49. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






50. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.