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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.






2. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






3. A stimulus that has no intrinsic power to trigger a particular response but which acquires this power after being associated with another stimulus. For example - a bell does not normally trigger salivation but - after pairing with food - it acquires






4. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






5. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






6. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.






7. Disease - disorder or disability.






8. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






9. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.






10. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.






11. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






12. A form of energy that can be described as either a wave or as a flow of 'packets' of energy. It includes gamma rays - X-rays - ultraviolet - visible light - infrared - microwaves and radio waves. The different types of radiation are distinguished by






13. Visual defects caused by imperfections in the cornea and/or lens of the eye.






14. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.






15. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






16. The integrated body system of organs - tissues - cells and proteins that functions to protect the body from potentially pathogenic organisms (microbes) or harmful substances.






17. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.






18. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number






19. Severe psychological shock.






20. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ






21. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






22. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






23. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .






24. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.






25. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.






26. An epidemic on a world-wide scale.






27. Stimuli to pain that are associated with social loss such as bereavement - marital breakdown.






28. A state in which addicts come to depend upon a drug for their 'normal' mental functioning.






29. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






30. Leading global causes of visual impairment that have been identified by the WHO's Vision 2020 project as targets that can be prevented or treated. They include refractive errors and low vision - cataract - glaucoma - AMD - diabetic retinopathy and tr






31. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.






32. A technique in which a person is placed in a particular psychological state and - in response to suggestions made by the hypnotist - can experience alterations in perception - memory and voluntary action.






33. Negatively charged particle of almost no mass that surround the nucleus of an atom.






34. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.






35. Blood that contains very little oxygen.






36. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






37. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.






38. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.






39. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






40. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






41. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.






42. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






43. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






44. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.






45. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).






46. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






47. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.






48. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






49. A small group of atoms bonded together which carry an overall electrical charge; e.g. the bicarbonate ion and the nitrate ion.






50. Any fracture where the skin has not been broken.