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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.






2. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






3. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl






4. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.






5. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.






6. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






7. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.






8. A simple way of presenting numerical data visually - so as to emphasise the relative size of different numbers. May be arranged vertically or horizontally.






9. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.






10. That part of the nervous system that exerts control over the skeletal muscles and thereby over behaviour.






11. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.






12. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t






13. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.






14. The size and direction of a push or pull.






15. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).






16. An epidemic on a world-wide scale.






17. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.






18. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.






19. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.






20. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.






21. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






22. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






23. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.






24. The cells that produce new bone.






25. Molecules or proteins released by immune system cells in the region of an injury - infection or other damage to the tissues. They have several effects including dilation (widening) of blood vessels to increase blood supply to the region. They also at






26. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






27. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.






28. Diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person (also known as 'non-infectious diseases' or 'chronic conditions' or 'long-term conditions'); they mainly develop slowly over time and persist for a long period - or are irreversible; e.g. canc






29. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






30. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.






31. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.






32. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






33. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.






34. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






35. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






36. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.






37. Blood that contains very little oxygen.






38. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






39. Diseases or disorders that develop as a result of the interaction over time of a combination of different risk factors - none of which on its own would be likely to cause the disease. These may include the inheritance of certain gene mutations from a






40. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






41. A form of notation (also known as 'scientific notation') used for expressing very large or very small numbers.






42. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver






43. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.






44. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.






45. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






46. The process of reducing pain - e.g. by taking morphine.






47. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.






48. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






49. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






50. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.







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