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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.
endothelial cells
arterial blood gas test
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
pain
2. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.
chemical compound
single bond
pulmonary rehabilitation
alcohol tolerant
3. A process whereby a parameter is maintained at a nearly constant value because deviations from its normal value tend to trigger actions that 'negate' the deviation and return it to normality; e.g. a fall in body temperature is fed back via the nervou
hormone
relative risk
negative feedback
polymer
4. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.
lower respiratory infection
radiologist
toxicology
single bond
5. Abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.
skeletal muscle
dry AMD
acidosis
optical power
6. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).
mitochondrio
ethanol
child mortality rate
open angle glaucoma
7. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
agonist
peripheral nervous system
atom
blood-alcohol concentration
8. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
acute inflammation
autobiographical memory
fulcrum
true positive
9. Drinking to get drunk rather than just for pleasure.
cell
hypoxia
binge drinking
toxicology
10. A single point on the optical axis of a lens onto which all light rays parallel to that axis are directed.
confounding factor
wind-up
elastase
principal focal point
11. Industrial chemicals - commonly found as environmental pollutants - that disrupt the hormonal systems of animals - including humans.
mortality
endocrine disruptors
Snellen letter chart
negative predictive value
12. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.
atmospheric pressure
chronic effects
immunodeficiency
natural selection
13. Severe psychological shock.
psychological trauma
subjective experience
gene
hypnosis
14. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.
systolic blood pressure
grays
open angle glaucoma
laser
15. Pain that is triggered by a stimulus that causes actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.
vitreous humour
immunodeficiency
ionising radiation
nociceptive pain
16. The mechanisms in the nervous system underlying an automatic and unconscious reaction to a particular stimulus - i.e. a reaction that cannot be controlled by will-power.
ligaments
incubation period
reflex
excretion
17. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l
wind-up
acute effects
radiographer
nerve
18. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.
osteoblasts
psychological trauma
receptor
interneuron
19. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ
bond dissociation energy
mucus
body mass index
conditional stimulus
20. Any fracture where the skin has not been broken.
closed fracture
multifactorial disease
partial pressure
carcinoma
21. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.
diaphragm
opioid
screening
infant mortality rate
22. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.
spirometer
iris
pyloric sphincter
atom
23. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
amygdale
astigmatism
obesity
toxicology
24. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.
noxious stimuli
structural formula
phantom pain
residual volume
25. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.
aqueous humour
ecotoxicology
epidemic
withdrawal symptoms
26. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometer
placebo effect
motor neuron
visual acuity
27. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.
refraction
optometrist
pulmonary hypertension
ophthalmologist
28. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.
acute condition
carcinoma
effective dose
cognition
29. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
cast
stochastic
sievert
polar molecule
30. Haemoglobin bound to oxygen molecules. Transports oxygen from blood vessels in the lungs to the cells in the rest of the body.
specificity
oxyhaemoglobin
ecotoxicology
alcoholic liver disease
31. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
rods
carboxyhaemoglobin
veins
proportional mortality
32. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.
threshold of excitation
withdrawal symptoms
closed-angle glaucoma
reward
33. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
addiction
respiratory system
motor neuron
axon
34. A screening programme (sometimes called 'mass screening') that aims to screen everyone in a particular population group (rarely every citizen) - e.g. everyone over the age of 50 years - or all newborn babies. Attempts are made to screen everyone in t
proteins
mind
acidosis
population screening
35. A drug that acts to reduce the signs of inflammation - e.g. swelling - redness - heat and pain.
optometrist
withdrawal symptoms
cones
anti-inflammatory
36. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
drainage angle
bond
incidence rate
ligaments
37. The thinnest blood vessels.
osteoblasts
dependence
capillaries
neurotransmitter
38. The process of reducing pain - e.g. by taking morphine.
bond length
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
analgesia
addiction
39. A gradual change in about 10% of chronic heavy drinkers whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.
vitreous humour
cirrhosis
mammals
malignant cancer
40. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).
absorption
retina
nearwork activity
acute inflammation
41. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
agriculture
spirometry
cones
veins
42. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.
axon
addiction
mortality data
neutron
43. Vital to many chemical reactions in the body. Crystals containing these form an important part of the structure of bones.
glaucoma
calcium ions
mutation
ionic compound
44. Death.
mortality
total lung capacity
opportunistic screening
inspiration
45. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.
screening
oxidation
traumatic injury
cardiovascular system
46. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
tissue
inflammation
lobule
cell
47. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.
diarrhoeal diseases
carboxyhaemoglobin
dry AMD
Snellen letter chart
48. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.
incidence
carcinoma
child mortality rate
partial pressure
49. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.
contagious
hydrogen bond
absorption
psychobiological approach
50. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
optometrist
natural selection
aqueous humour
neurogenic pain