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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.
alcohol tolerant
respiration
cortex
fetal alcohol syndrome
2. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
amygdale
somatic nervous system
wavelength
element
3. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also
mucus
disease risk factors
additive primary colours
greenstick fracture
4. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.
metastasis
wet AMD
potential difference
negative feedback
5. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.
respiratory centres
connective tissue
disinfectant
pyloric sphincter
6. The junction where a neuron influences another cell - the latter being either another neuron or a muscle cell. (
developing countries
alcohol myopia
synapse
evolutionary trade-off
7. A collection of neurons and other cells that is located within the protection of the backbone.
scar
mutagen
myopia
spinal cord
8. Bonding Which is due to the electrical attraction of equal and opposite electrical charges and which holds the ions in salt crystals together.
arterial blood gas test
laser
ionic bonding
developing countries
9. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .
priority eye diseases
true positive
period
spinal cord
10. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si
post-traumatic stress disorder
water-borne infectious diseases
nephrons
chronic inflammation
11. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.
contagious
deoxygenated blood
antibiotic resistance
radiographer
12. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
gate theory
granulation tissue
proportional morbidity
centilitre
13. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.
endothelial cells
amygdale
false positive
adaptive value
14. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.
convex
cancellous
bacteria
blood pressure
15. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.
centilitre
forced expiratory volume in one second
lobule
additive primary colours
16. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.
metastasis
body systems
high-risk screening
trachea
17. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
cortex
epithelial cells
fulcrum
blind study
18. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).
vitreous humour
litre
blood-alcohol concentration
wind-up
19. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).
reward
protons
double-blind study
nociceptive pain
20. Literally meaning 'alien to nature' - the term is commonly used to refer to chemicals in the natural environment that are of human origin.
cardiovascular system
dementia
xenobiotic
forced expiratory volume in one second
21. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.
open angle glaucoma
adaptive characteristic
cardiovascular system
chronic effects
22. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)
total lung capacity
sievert
incubation period
haemoglobin
23. Categorised into three progressive stages: fatty liver - hepatitis and cirrhosis.
alcoholic liver disease
DNA repair protein
protons
colour deficiency
24. Death.
optometrist
retina
mortality
prevalence rate
25. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone
sensory neuron
lock-and-key interaction
urbanisation
myofibre
26. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
acute effects
atomic nucleus
litre
skeletal muscle
27. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.
stress response
Snellen letter chart
immunodeficiency
myofibre
28. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.
fetal alcohol syndrome
motor neuron
duct
collagen
29. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).
ionic compound
relative risk
mitochondrio
sensory neuron
30. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
acute effects
spirogram
diarrhoeal diseases
ionic compound
31. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.
chemical symbol
chemical bond
respiration
acute pain
32. A small group of atoms bonded together which carry an overall electrical charge; e.g. the bicarbonate ion and the nitrate ion.
affect
polyatomic ions
drainage angle
bone marrow
33. The material outside the cells in a tissue in which the cells are embedded. It is mainly made from proteins made by and arranged by the cells.
extracellular matrix
autograft
acute effects
incubation period
34. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
light ray
acute effects
granulation tissue
hypovolaemic shock
35. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.
bronchiole
withdrawal symptoms
nucleus
stress response
36. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a
prefrontal cortex
bipedality
elastase
postsynaptic neuron
37. The release of water vapour by plants.
musculoskeletal system
transpiration
cellular respiration
wavelength
38. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.
oestrogens
population screening
proportional morbidity
ionic compound
39. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given
gene
hormone
dependence
hypothesis
40. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.
mortality
autograft
colour deficiency
reinforcer
41. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
reflection
single bond
trichiasis
homeostasis
42. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.
effective dose
duct
elastase
peripheral nervous system
43. Often abbreviated to 'risk factors'; anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different population
disease risk factors
autograft
hydrogen bond
laser
44. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.
prefrontal cortex
electron
trauma
gas pressure
45. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
cell membrane
alpha-1 antitrypsin
osteoclasts
open angle glaucoma
46. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
polyatomic ions
glaucoma
tidal volume
capillaries
47. The integrated body system of organs - tissues - cells and proteins that functions to protect the body from potentially pathogenic organisms (microbes) or harmful substances.
immune system
carboxyhaemoglobin
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
wavelength
48. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A
acute pain
heat capacity
microbes
immune system
49. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).
lung function test
metabolism
autograft
reinforcer
50. The statistical study of the occurrence - distribution - potential causes and control of diseases and disabilities in human populations (CS 1 - 3 - 4 & 6)
systolic blood pressure
epidemiology
abstinence
equivalent dose