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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.






2. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi






3. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.






4. A gradual change in about 10% of chronic heavy drinkers whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.






5. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.






6. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.






7. The unit of absorbed dose of ionising radiation; 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram of tissue.






8. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.






9. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






10. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.






11. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






12. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.






13. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.






14. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).






15. A class of substances arising from outside the body - but Which bear a close similarity to naturally occurring opioids in their structure and effect; they include heroin derived from the opium poppy and morphine.






16. The flat cells that line the cardiovascular system.






17. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






18. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






19. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.






20. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






21. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.






22. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






23. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.






24. Tells you which type of atoms are bonded together to make up a compound or molecule - using symbols for its constituent elements. It also shows How many of each type of atom there are (e.g. the formula for carbon dioxide - CO2 - shows it has one carb






25. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






26. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.






27. Microbes that cause disease.






28. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san






29. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.






30. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).






31. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.






32. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also






33. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






34. The study of the relationship between the structure and the function of body systems.






35. The layer of the eye - between retina and sclera - which absorbs any light that has not interacted with the rods and cones in the retina.






36. The junction where a neuron influences another cell - the latter being either another neuron or a muscle cell. (






37. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.






38. Insufficient levels of oxygen in the blood or tissue.






39. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.






40. A process whereby a parameter is maintained at a nearly constant value because deviations from its normal value tend to trigger actions that 'negate' the deviation and return it to normality; e.g. a fall in body temperature is fed back via the nervou






41. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






42. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.






43. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






44. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






45. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.






46. Categorised into three progressive stages: fatty liver - hepatitis and cirrhosis.






47. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






48. Optimal corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 - i.e. wearing optimal correcting lenses - the individual can distinguish letters on a test chart at 6 metres that a person with normal vision could read at 18 metres






49. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.






50. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.







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