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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.
radiologist
wave-particle duality
brain imaging
open angle glaucoma
2. A factor that strengthens a tendency to engage in a particular behaviour.
reinforcer
child mortality rate
chronic inflammation
binge drinking
3. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
Snellen letter chart
respiratory system
laser
ecotoxicology
4. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
osteoclasts
millilitres
alpha-1 antitrypsin
somatic nervous system
5. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
disinfectant
affect
chronic condition
microcalcifications
6. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran
bipedality
sievert
optical power
diffusion
7. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.
heat capacity
psychological trauma
fibroblast
stroma
8. A group of steroid hormones produced mainly by the ovaries (some are also produced by fat deposits in the body) - which are responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.
age-standardisation
oestrogens
oxyhaemoglobin
proportional mortality
9. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l
radiographer
hominids
gas pressure
mortality
10. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.
potential difference
fulcrum
carboxyhaemoglobin
spirometer
11. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
analgesia
levers
axon
physiology
12. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
fulcrum
receptor
phantom pain
polyatomic ions
13. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.
screening
child mortality rate
osteoclasts
negative feedback
14. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.
sensory neuron
traumatic injury
dementia
calcium ions
15. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.
screening
intensity
DNA repair protein
cell membrane
16. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.
axon
respiratory centres
bond dissociation energy
double-blind study
17. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number
systolic blood pressure
chronic bronchitis
reward
specificity
18. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.
mammography
disease risk factors
cognition
dermis
19. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.
ecotoxicology
relative risk
protons
nociception
20. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.
astigmatism
presbyopia
pulmonary hypertension
respiration
21. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
visual impairment
aqueous humour
hyperopia
splint
22. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
media
lung function test
psychogenic pain
hydroxyl group
23. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.
conjunctivitis
age-related macular degeneration
gas pressure
inspiration
24. For a screening procedure such as mammography - this value is the number of true negative results expressed as a percentage of the total number of negative results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person
tendons
negative predictive value
epinephrine
scar
25. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.
side-effects
covalent bond
mammography
partial pressure
26. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).
gene
cancer cell
mitochondrio
tissue
27. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co
oxidation
stem cells
autonomic nervous system
action potential
28. A form of notation (also known as 'scientific notation') used for expressing very large or very small numbers.
powers of ten
macula lutea
atmospheric pressure
body mass index
29. Vital to many chemical reactions in the body. Crystals containing these form an important part of the structure of bones.
calcium ions
alveolus
incubation period
pH scale
30. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
presbyopia
microbes
epidemic
traumatic injury
31. Drinking to get drunk rather than just for pleasure.
vital capacity
binge drinking
population screening
inhibitory synapse
32. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).
drainage angle
dementia
nearwork activity
fovea
33. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.
ion
blood pressure
total lung capacity
relative risk
34. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.
covalent bond
DNA repair protein
fibrosis
chronic pain
35. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.
cerebral hemisphere
litre
refractive errors
analgesics
36. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.
myofibrils
chronic effects
toxin
cartilage
37. An excessive engagement in an activity despite negative consequences and a dependence upon the activity such that when access is denied - craving and withdrawal symptoms are seen. Most usually refers to dependency on a chemical substance but need not
mutagen
psychogenic stimuli
malignant cancer
addiction
38. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.
pulmonary rehabilitation
potential difference
extracellular matrix
synapse
39. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.
hyperventilate
epidemiology
bronchiole
polar molecule
40. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
atom
bronchiole
extracellular matrix
information processing
41. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.
absorbed dose
dermis
LASIK
skeletal muscle
42. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)
epithelial cells
hypothesis
single-strand break
chronic condition
43. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
infectious dose
connective tissue
element
bioaccumulation
44. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.
allograft
affect
cancellous
refractive errors
45. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (
hippocampus
cancer cell
agonist
respiratory system
46. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
expiration
priority eye diseases
neurotransmitter
gate theory
47. The type of bone (sometimes called compact) that is more dense (compared with cancellous bone) and very strong. It is found in the parts of the bone that need to withstand the largest forces.
gas pressure
compact bone
forced expiratory volume in one second
prevalence rate
48. The build-up of levels of a chemical contaminant in the bodies of animals at successive levels in a food chain.
arterial blood gas test
potential difference
bioaccumulation
spirometry
49. A device that produces light of a single wavelength Which is transmitted in a narrow and powerful beam.
hydrogen bond
laser
age-standardisation
mortality
50. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.
synapse
osteoclasts
sputum
conditional stimulus