Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).






2. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






3. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






4. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






5. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






6. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.






7. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






8. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver






9. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.






10. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






11. A drug that widens the airways of the lungs and eases breathing by relaxing smooth muscle in the walls of bronchioles.






12. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.






13. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).






14. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu






15. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.






16. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






17. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






18. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






19. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






20. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






21. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.






22. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so






23. A qualified doctor who has specialised in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions - and who can perform eye surgery.






24. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






25. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.






26. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.






27. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.






28. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.






29. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






30. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).






31. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






32. The joining of tissues to each other that may occur abnormally during repair.






33. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.






34. An epidemic on a world-wide scale.






35. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.






36. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.






37. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi






38. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.






39. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.






40. A shell - typically made from plaster or fibreglass - which can be put around a limb in order to encase and support a broken bone until it has healed.






41. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.






42. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.






43. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.






44. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






45. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).






46. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






47. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






48. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t






49. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






50. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.