SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (
conditional stimulus
osteoporosis
placebo effect
leukocytes
2. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.
wave
alcoholic poisoning
duct
chemoreceptor
3. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.
spirogram
gas pressure
stem cells
presbyopia
4. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.
urbanisation
age-standardisation
effective dose
ethanol
5. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran
trachoma
nearwork activity
inflammation
diffusion
6. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.
multifactorial disease
tolerance
alcoholic poisoning
retina
7. A break in both of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.
open angle glaucoma
lower respiratory infection
enzyme
double-strand break
8. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.
media
alcohol tolerant
postsynaptic neuron
ecotoxicology
9. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
dependence
inspiration
chemical formula
chronic condition
10. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
ion
priority eye diseases
coronary heart disease
wavelength
11. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.
lower respiratory infection
scatter plot
hypovolaemic shock
psychogenic stimuli
12. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.
arterial blood gas test
motor neuron
nerve
ionic bonding
13. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.
cataract
biopsy
ligaments
dry AMD
14. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometer
xenobiotic
lens
biomass fuel
15. Vital to many chemical reactions in the body. Crystals containing these form an important part of the structure of bones.
respiratory centres
calcium ions
principal focal point
attenuation
16. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.
trachea
ligaments
litre
attenuation
17. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.
vacuum
gene
stochastic
infant mortality rate
18. The mechanisms in the nervous system underlying an automatic and unconscious reaction to a particular stimulus - i.e. a reaction that cannot be controlled by will-power.
chronic pain
toxicology
reflex
urbanisation
19. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
psychogenic pain
pyloric sphincter
hard problem of consciousness
levers
20. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.
ethanol
affect
hypovolaemic shock
bronchus
21. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.
forced vital capacity
toxin
positive predictive value
gas pressure
22. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.
photorefractive keratectomy
open fracture
epidemiology
nephrons
23. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.
chronic effects
open angle glaucoma
nerve
myofibrils
24. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
proportional morbidity
action potential
SI Units
bipedality
25. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec
endocrine system
autonomic nervous system
receptor
high-risk screening
26. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
force
spectrum
atomic nucleus
receptor
27. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
pulse oximetry
synapse
high-risk screening
psychogenic pain
28. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.
stochastic
hypnosis
incubation period
alveolus
29. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.
population age-structures
cancellous
extracellular matrix
media
30. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.
glaucoma
mortality rate
chronic condition
infectious dose
31. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
false positive
potential difference
trachoma
mind
32. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
deoxyribonucleic acid
primates
pulmonary hypertension
scatter plot
33. Microbes that cause disease.
excretion
deoxygenated blood
pathogens
laser
34. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
effective dose
LASIK
cognitive-behavioural therapy
fovea
35. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.
pH scale
hypnosis
trichiasis
scar
36. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.
hypovolaemic shock
epinephrine
retina
systolic blood pressure
37. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.
musculoskeletal system
affect
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
chronic bronchitis
38. A drug that widens the airways of the lungs and eases breathing by relaxing smooth muscle in the walls of bronchioles.
trauma
epithelial tissue
bronchodilator
ionisation
39. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.
cardiovascular system
toxicology
principal focal point
respiration
40. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.
endothelial cells
grays
mind
rods
41. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.
ophthalmologist
dermis
infectious dose
chronic pain
42. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).
biopsy
residual volume
opiates
alcohol tolerant
43. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also
cornea
priority eye diseases
image
mucus
44. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co
action potential
electron
affect
proteinase
45. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl
prefrontal cortex
stress
central nervous system
polymer
46. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
psychogenic pain
reflection
deoxyribonucleic acid
convex
47. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
visual acuity
mutation
rods
amygdale
48. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
addiction
fulcrum
scatter plot
osteoblasts
49. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).
developed countries
partial pressure
ion
information processing
50. A lens shape with a greater thickness at each end than through the centre.
splint
gas transfer test
malignant cancer
concave