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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.






2. The curved transparent layer that covers the front part of the eye. This (together with the lens) refracts light to form of an image on the retina - as well as protecting the eye from frontal damage.






3. Bonding Which is due to the electrical attraction of equal and opposite electrical charges and which holds the ions in salt crystals together.






4. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).






5. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






6. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(






7. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






8. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (






9. Building replacement tissues to aid repair following damage.






10. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






11. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.






12. Insufficient levels of oxygen in the blood or tissue.






13. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






14. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






15. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






16. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






17. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






18. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.






19. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.






20. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so






21. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.






22. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato






23. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi






24. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






25. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .






26. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.






27. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are






28. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






29. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given






30. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






31. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.






32. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






33. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






34. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






35. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.






36. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.






37. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.






38. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.






39. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.






40. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).






41. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.






42. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






43. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.






44. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






45. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.






46. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






47. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.






48. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.






49. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






50. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (