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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).
phantom pain
covalent bond
sievert
positive predictive value
2. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
alveolus
craving
colour blind
nearwork activity
3. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
microcalcifications
blind study
trauma
stochastic
4. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometer
positive predictive value
vacuum
single bond
5. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
haemoglobin
mutation
proteins
bond
6. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.
osteoclasts
mucus
alcoholic poisoning
hippocampus
7. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
bar chart
tidal volume
light ray
oxygenated blood
8. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver
body mass index
phantom pain
opportunistic screening
age-standardisation
9. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
evolutionary trade-off
psychogenic pain
axon
fibroblast
10. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
lens
acidosis
spirometry
covalent bond
11. A drug that widens the airways of the lungs and eases breathing by relaxing smooth muscle in the walls of bronchioles.
acute inflammation
ethanol
presynaptic neuron
bronchodilator
12. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.
respiratory centres
bond
hypoxia
refraction
13. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).
retina
prevalence
deterministic
DNA repair protein
14. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu
proxy measure
ion
electron
cardiovascular system
15. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.
alcohol tolerant
arterial blood gas test
lock-and-key interaction
risk factor
16. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
alveolus
proportional mortality
neutron
toxin
17. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.
macula lutea
photorefractive keratectomy
myofibrils
cardiovascular system
18. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.
nucleus
xenobiotic
sensory neuron
acute effects
19. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
double-strand break
multifactorial disease
wet AMD
microbes
20. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
musculoskeletal system
oestrogens
ethanol
cartilage
21. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.
bar chart
infant mortality rate
laser
osteoblasts
22. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so
point-of-use' strategy
deoxyribonucleic acid
polymer
pain
23. A qualified doctor who has specialised in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions - and who can perform eye surgery.
alcohol myopia
fovea
diarrhoeal diseases
ophthalmologist
24. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone
analgesia
withdrawal symptoms
lock-and-key interaction
vitreous humour
25. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.
splint
incidence
visual impairment
low vision
26. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.
pyloric sphincter
haemoglobin
visual disability
macula lutea
27. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
powers of ten
scar
agriculture
endothelial cells
28. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.
intensity
ionisation
selection pressure
addiction
29. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.
blood-alcohol concentration
metastasis
PM10
central nervous system
30. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).
allograft
psychogenic stimuli
ionic bonding
xenobiotic
31. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
vasopressin
respiratory centres
disinfectant
choroid
32. The joining of tissues to each other that may occur abnormally during repair.
malignant cancer
tissue
water-borne infectious diseases
adhesion
33. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.
mind
dementia
chronic effects
visual disability
34. An epidemic on a world-wide scale.
structural formula
pandemic
lock-and-key interaction
excitatory synapse
35. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.
pulmonary hypertension
musculoskeletal system
cardiovascular system
amygdale
36. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.
forced expiratory volume in one second
drainage angle
acute pain
tendons
37. A screening programme (sometimes called 'individual screening' or 'targeted screening') that identifies individuals who are likely to be at substantially greater risk of developing a certain condition than others in their population group. These indi
pulmonary rehabilitation
high-risk screening
additive primary colours
double bond
38. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
lobule
splint
reflex
fibrin
39. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.
respiration
metabolism
osteoclasts
confounding factor
40. A shell - typically made from plaster or fibreglass - which can be put around a limb in order to encase and support a broken bone until it has healed.
glaucoma
dementia
cornea
cast
41. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.
splint
agriculture
stochastic
dry AMD
42. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.
double bond
bioaccumulation
motor neuron
blind study
43. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.
biomass fuel
acute effects
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
diffusion
44. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.
inflammation
pandemic
lung function test
protons
45. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
infectious dose
hydroxyl group
proportional mortality
46. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.
cataract
disinfectant
visual disability
cell membrane
47. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
toxin
attenuation
optometrist
cones
48. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t
adaptive characteristic
psychobiological approach
referred pain
postsynaptic neuron
49. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
photon
blood-alcohol concentration
respiratory system
electromagnetic radiation
50. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.
mortality
emphysema
scar
withdrawal symptoms