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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.






2. A state in which addicts come to depend upon a drug for their 'normal' mental functioning.






3. Abbreviation of a eye-surgery technique where a flap is cut in the cornea and laser treatment applied beneath.






4. Radiation which can cause ionisation. From the electromagnetic spectrum this includes gamma rays - X-rays and some high-energy ultraviolet radiation.






5. The integrated body system of organs - tissues - cells and proteins that functions to protect the body from potentially pathogenic organisms (microbes) or harmful substances.






6. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.






7. Any fracture where the skin has not been broken.






8. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.






9. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.






10. The distance between atoms in a molecule.






11. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






12. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.






13. Severe psychological shock.






14. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.






15. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.






16. The statistical study of the occurrence - distribution - potential causes and control of diseases and disabilities in human populations (CS 1 - 3 - 4 & 6)






17. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






18. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.






19. A graphical method of showing whether two numerical variables are related to one another. They are called 'variables' because they can each have a range of possible values. Each data point represents a particular entity - such as a country - for whic






20. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






21. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.






22. Also known as 'organ systems'; combinations of organs and tissues that function in a coordinated way; e.g. the circulatory system - the nervous system - the respiratory system.






23. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






24. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.






25. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.






26. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.






27. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran






28. The unit of absorbed dose of ionising radiation; 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram of tissue.






29. The ability of the brain to take information and perform informed calculations (e.g. calculating the width of a space in which to park a car).






30. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet






31. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).






32. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.






33. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.






34. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.






35. Complex structures in the body formed from a number of different tissues - which form a distinct structure and serve a particular function - e.g. the heart - the brain - the lungs. (CS 2 & 4)






36. The thinnest blood vessels.






37. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






38. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.






39. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






40. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.






41. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short






42. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






43. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.






44. Haemoglobin bound to oxygen molecules. Transports oxygen from blood vessels in the lungs to the cells in the rest of the body.






45. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






46. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.






47. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






48. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.






49. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.






50. The amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs in the first second of expiration - abbreviated to FEV1.







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