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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The tissues that attach muscles to bones.






2. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






3. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






4. For a screening procedure such as mammography - this value is the number of true negative results expressed as a percentage of the total number of negative results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person






5. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.






6. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






7. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






8. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.






9. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).






10. The process of detecting stimuli that cause actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.






11. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.






12. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.






13. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.






14. An irreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis - in which airway obstruction causes breathing difficulties - including shortness of breath.






15. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






16. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b






17. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.






18. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.






19. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






20. The build-up of levels of a chemical contaminant in the bodies of animals at successive levels in a food chain.






21. Industrial chemicals - commonly found as environmental pollutants - that disrupt the hormonal systems of animals - including humans.






22. The total process in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells - oxidation of nutrient molecules releases useable energy - and the oxidation products (carbon dioxide and water) are given off.






23. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






24. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






25. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






26. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.






27. X-ray imaging of the breast.






28. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).






29. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.






30. Abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.






31. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (






32. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.






33. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.






34. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






35. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran






36. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).






37. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.






38. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.






39. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






40. A gradual change in about 10% of chronic heavy drinkers whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.






41. That part of the nervous system that is not within the central nervous system. It is made up of nerves throughout the body.






42. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.






43. A collection of neurons and other cells that is located within the protection of the backbone.






44. An early and reversible consequence of excessive alcohol consumption during which fat accumulates within the cells of the liver.






45. A class of substances arising from outside the body - but Which bear a close similarity to naturally occurring opioids in their structure and effect; they include heroin derived from the opium poppy and morphine.






46. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil






47. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






48. The thinnest blood vessels.






49. Disease - disorder or disability.






50. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.