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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. That part of the nervous system that is not within the central nervous system. It is made up of nerves throughout the body.
peripheral nervous system
biomass fuel
hepatitis
chemical formula
2. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.
bond
hyperopia
tissue engineering
transmission
3. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.
deoxyribonucleic acid
chemical compound
true positive
acute condition
4. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.
obesity
drainage angle
absorption
polar molecule
5. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
epidemic
osteoclasts
atomic nucleus
referred pain
6. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
pandemic
ecosystems
fibroblast
chemical compound
7. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.
vasopressin
true negative
pain matrix
bipedality
8. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.
confounding factor
adaptive characteristic
protons
bipedality
9. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.
leukocytes
cartilage
obesity
interneuron
10. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
atom
millilitres
hypovolaemic shock
wave
11. A form of energy that can be described as either a wave or as a flow of 'packets' of energy. It includes gamma rays - X-rays - ultraviolet - visible light - infrared - microwaves and radio waves. The different types of radiation are distinguished by
collagen
electromagnetic radiation
evolutionary trade-off
conditional stimulus
12. A change in the sequences of bases in the DNA of an organism - resulting in an alteration in the manufacture or function of a body protein. Also refers to the process by which such a change in DNA sequence occurs due to the action of a mutagen - e.g.
mutation
diabetic retinopathy
mortality
immunodeficiency
13. Pain that is triggered by a stimulus that causes actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.
cirrhosis
nociceptive pain
sensory neuron
molecule
14. A type of cell that is found within the nervous system and Which is specialised to transmit and process information (colloquially referred to as 'nerve cell').
photorefractive keratectomy
immunodeficiency
neuron
false positive
15. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
electronvolt
deoxyribonucleic acid
lung function test
lower respiratory infection
16. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
disinfectant
ionising radiation
epithelial cells
mammography
17. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.
reward
deterministic
interneuron
drainage angle
18. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)
endocrine system
glaucoma
chronic effects
lobule
19. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the
stroma
positive predictive value
DNA repair protein
atomic nucleus
20. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ
bar chart
body mass index
radiographer
fracture
21. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
cell membrane
greenstick fracture
endocrine disruptors
bone marrow
22. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.
sweat glands
cognition
iris
mortality data
23. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi
open fracture
body systems
age-related macular degeneration
brain imaging
24. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.
biomass fuel
chronic bronchitis
absorbed dose
powers of ten
25. Condition in which the full range of colours cannot be clearly distinguished.
colour deficiency
interneuron
withdrawal symptoms
craving
26. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t
ionic bonding
single bond
inspiration
selection pressure
27. Any fracture where the skin has not been broken.
autobiographical memory
closed fracture
xenobiotic
withdrawal symptoms
28. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
cartilage
mortality data
metabolism
millilitres
29. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.
hypnosis
diabetic retinopathy
noxious stimuli
conditional stimulus
30. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).
affect
vitreous humour
pupil
excretion
31. The release of water vapour by plants.
polymer
oxidation
transpiration
single-strand break
32. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.
binge drinking
gas transfer test
colour blind
solvent
33. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
cerebral hemisphere
expiration
ion
chronic inflammation
34. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .
fetal alcohol syndrome
visual acuity
period
noxious stimuli
35. An insoluble fibrous protein that forms clots following tissue damage.
fibrin
coronary heart disease
wave
media
36. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
connective tissue
blind study
microbes
toxin
37. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.
arterial blood gas test
hormone
axon
acute condition
38. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.
biopsy
toxicology
hippocampus
hypothesis
39. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
lymph node
anti-inflammatory
double bond
microcalcifications
40. Severe psychological shock.
colour blind
electronegative
amygdale
psychological trauma
41. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
atomic nucleus
visual impairment
centilitre
lock-and-key interaction
42. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
scar
ionic compound
nociception
bone marrow
43. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.
infectious dose
cell membrane
scatter plot
chemical symbol
44. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (Also called 'invasive' cancer)
malignant cancer
polar molecule
gas pressure
body systems
45. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.
endothelial cells
acidosis
biopsy
duct
46. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a
prefrontal cortex
positive predictive value
hyperventilate
physiology
47. This refers to a random effect of ionising radiation. There is no radiation threshold at which the effect inevitably occurs - but the probability of an effect occurring increases with the amount of radiation received.
stochastic
hyperopia
epithelial cells
mitochondrio
48. The joining of tissues to each other that may occur abnormally during repair.
optician
adhesion
mutagen
infectious dose
49. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t
fracture
adaptive characteristic
pulmonary hypertension
analgesics
50. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.
withdrawal symptoms
levers
false negative
focal length