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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A






2. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






3. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.






4. The study of the relationship between the structure and the function of body systems.






5. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






6. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.






7. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.






8. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.






9. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






10. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






11. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






12. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.






13. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






14. That part of the nervous system which exerts an influence over a number of the internal organs of the body - such as the gut - heart and blood vessels. Functions without conscious intervention.






15. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






16. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).






17. Visual defects caused by imperfections in the cornea and/or lens of the eye.






18. The thinnest blood vessels.






19. The release of water vapour by plants.






20. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ






21. A single point on the optical axis of a lens onto which all light rays parallel to that axis are directed.






22. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the






23. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.






24. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






25. Diseases or disorders that develop as a result of the interaction over time of a combination of different risk factors - none of which on its own would be likely to cause the disease. These may include the inheritance of certain gene mutations from a






26. A process causing evolutionary change over time (from one generation to the next). Individuals that hold an advantage in terms of survival and reproduction - in competition with other individuals - will pass on characteristics that contribute to that






27. A type of chemical bond formed between a partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on another atom. In more detail - the bond is formed by the electrical attraction occurring between the partial positive charge remainin






28. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.






29. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b






30. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.






31. A stimulus that has no intrinsic power to trigger a particular response but which acquires this power after being associated with another stimulus. For example - a bell does not normally trigger salivation but - after pairing with food - it acquires






32. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






33. Abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.






34. A group of enzymes that degrade proteins by splitting the protein chain into smaller molecules; also called a 'protease'.






35. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.






36. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (also known as 'malignant' cancer)






37. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






38. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.






39. A test that evaluates how well the lungs work; also known as a pulmonary function test.






40. Inflammation with a rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration.






41. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.






42. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.






43. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).






44. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.






45. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.






46. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.






47. A screening programme (sometimes called 'mass screening') that aims to screen everyone in a particular population group (rarely every citizen) - e.g. everyone over the age of 50 years - or all newborn babies. Attempts are made to screen everyone in t






48. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.






49. The statistical study of the occurrence - distribution - potential causes and control of diseases and disabilities in human populations (CS 1 - 3 - 4 & 6)






50. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.