Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.






2. The type of blood cell that transports oxygen; also known as a red blood cell.






3. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.






4. An experience Which is accessible only to the person who experiences it in terms of the contents of his or her conscious mind. Such experience is not open to objective observation or measurement by any other individual and hence is contrasted with 'o






5. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






6. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.






7. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.






8. A condition characterised by inflammation of the walls of the airways and excess production of mucus. It results in a persistent (chronic) cough with production of sputum - obstruction of airflow and increased vulnerability to respiratory infections.






9. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






10. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






11. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.






12. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.






13. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.






14. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).






15. A fracture where the bone bends and only breaks on one side; commonest in children - whose bones tend to bend rather than break completely.






16. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.






17. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






18. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.






19. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.






20. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si






21. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.






22. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






24. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






25. Any cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles - bacteria and cell debris.






26. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.






27. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






28. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






29. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.






30. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver






31. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.






32. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






33. Intoxication so extreme that it leads to unconsciousness that can result in death.






34. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.






35. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.






36. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .






37. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






38. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.






39. A bean-shaped tissue packed with immune system cells found at intervals along the vessels of the lymphatic system. They filter potentially harmful substances and organisms (microbes) from body fluids that drain into the lymphatic system; the filtered






40. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.






41. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.






42. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (






43. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






44. Persistent inflammation over long periods of time that occurs when the tissues are unable to overcome the effects of an injurious agent.






45. Condition in which no colour at all can be seen.






46. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.






47. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.






48. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno






49. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.






50. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.