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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l
pH scale
prevalence
radiographer
bronchus
2. A) Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged. b) An organelle containing the genetic material - found in most animal and plant cells.
nucleus
partial pressure
cancellous
light ray
3. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
central nervous system
double-strand break
centilitre
subjective experience
4. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.
prevalence rate
expiration
wet AMD
forced vital capacity
5. A condition in which the immune system fails to respond normally to an infection; it can be caused by a genetic defect and by HIV/AIDS - as well as by malnutrition.
immunodeficiency
spirogram
true negative
mind
6. The separation of waste products from the blood.
excretion
spinal cord
sweat glands
osteoporosis
7. The total amount of air that can be taken in to the lungs during a maximum inspiration - or expelled during a maximal expiration. (Abbreviated to VC)
vital capacity
mortality
negative predictive value
SAFE
8. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.
autonomic nervous system
pathogens
hyperventilate
inhibitory synapse
9. The cells that produce new bone.
axon
emphysema
laser
osteoblasts
10. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.
electronegative
morbidity
PM10
systolic blood pressure
11. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.
mammals
cartilage
bronchus
ionic bonding
12. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
brain imaging
double bond
psychological trauma
vasodilation
13. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.
prevalence
hard problem of consciousness
incubation period
convex
14. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.
lock-and-key interaction
glaucoma
autobiographical memory
leukocytes
15. A disease in which an excessive loss of bone structure occurs.
alcohol myopia
osteoporosis
cartilage
hypoxia
16. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
inspiration
effective dose
biopsy
17. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.
refraction
infant mortality rate
neutron
ionisation
18. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.
epithelial cells
confounding factor
lens
closed fracture
19. The basic structural unit of all organisms; there are many different kinds in multicellular organisms. In mammals - including humans - they are usually composed of a nucleus containing genetic material - surrounded by the watery cytosol containing va
extracellular matrix
cell
developing countries
atmospheric pressure
20. The blood pressure that is detected between heart contractions (lower than the systolic blood pressure).
diastolic blood pressure
trichiasis
iris
excretion
21. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.
atmospheric pressure
blind study
deoxygenated blood
double bond
22. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.
analgesics
tendons
visual acuity
closed-angle glaucoma
23. A method for determining the efficiency of gas transfer between the lungs and the pulmonary blood capillaries.
adhesion
gas transfer test
focal length
bacteria
24. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
heat capacity
rods
trichiasis
infant mortality rate
25. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
toxin
referred pain
phantom pain
bond
26. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.
lower respiratory infection
period
mucus
risk factor
27. The unit used to measure equivalent dose and effective dose (Sv).
elastase
hypothesis
pyloric sphincter
sievert
28. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)
diastolic blood pressure
ionic compound
autobiographical memory
endocrine system
29. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.
biomass fuel
respiratory centres
hydroxyl group
carcinoma
30. A type of cell that is found within the nervous system and Which is specialised to transmit and process information (colloquially referred to as 'nerve cell').
cancer cell
neuron
withdrawal symptoms
ionising radiation
31. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
hydroxyl group
tissue
chemoreceptor
osteoclasts
32. A very long macromolecule found in the cell nucleus - abbreviated to DNA. It is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics through the generations in all organisms. The genetic information is carried
chemical formula
litre
deoxyribonucleic acid
antibiotic resistance
33. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
mammography
microbes
forced expiratory volume in one second
wave-particle duality
34. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.
vacuum
myopia
developed countries
Schwann cells
35. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
levers
opioid
true negative
alpha-1 antitrypsin
36. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec
prevalence rate
receptor
dry AMD
splint
37. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.
regenerative medicine
electronvolt
multifactorial disease
age-related macular degeneration
38. The number of deaths in a population - either from all causes combined or from a specific cause - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) people in the population.
deterministic
mortality rate
antagonist
risk factor
39. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
fracture
psychogenic pain
chemical bond
invasive cancer
40. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv
SI Units
dependence
positive predictive value
conditional stimulus
41. The total number of people who have the condition (disease - disorder or disability) at a particular point in time - regardless of how long they have been affected.
prevalence
light ray
osteoblasts
age-related macular degeneration
42. The ability of the brain to take information and perform informed calculations (e.g. calculating the width of a space in which to park a car).
tissue
cornea
axon terminal
information processing
43. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
venous return
heat capacity
fulcrum
primates
44. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
deoxygenated blood
polar molecule
dependence
prevalence rate
45. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
chronic condition
alcohol tolerant
granulation tissue
body systems
46. A hormone Which is normally secreted by the brain in response to decreased water levels in the body. When alcohol is drunk - ethanol acts on the brain and inhibites the release of this - allowing the kidneys to make more urine.
pulmonary hypertension
acidosis
vasopressin
arteries
47. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).
ligaments
chronic effects
atomic nucleus
aqueous humour
48. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.
false positive
classical conditioning
acute condition
endothelial cells
49. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.
oxygenated blood
trachea
subjective experience
pyloric sphincter
50. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.
optical power
epithelial cells
refraction
convex