Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.






2. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.






3. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so






4. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.






5. The process of reducing pain - e.g. by taking morphine.






6. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.






7. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






8. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






9. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).






10. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






11. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.






12. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






13. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






14. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






15. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.






16. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.






17. Death.






18. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






19. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.






20. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver






21. The cells that produce new bone.






22. A qualified doctor who has specialised in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions - and who can perform eye surgery.






23. A drug that acts to reduce the signs of inflammation - e.g. swelling - redness - heat and pain.






24. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.






25. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.






26. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.






27. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato






28. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.






29. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






30. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet






31. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.






32. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.






33. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






34. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number






35. The cultivation of land for the purpose of crop production and/or the rearing of livestock - primarily for food - but also to provide materials - e.g. for fuel - clothing and shelter.






36. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






37. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






38. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. It consists only of the atoms characteristic - e.g. hydrogen (H) - oxygen (O) - nitrogen (N) - sodium (Na) - chlorine (Cl) - mercury (Hg). There are 92 naturally oc






39. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.






40. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






41. The separation of waste products from the blood.






42. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.






43. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






44. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.






45. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the






46. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.






47. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t






48. A bean-shaped tissue packed with immune system cells found at intervals along the vessels of the lymphatic system. They filter potentially harmful substances and organisms (microbes) from body fluids that drain into the lymphatic system; the filtered






49. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.






50. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl