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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.






2. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






3. Diseases involving the frequent passing of liquid faeces; they are caused by a wide variety of pathogens - including viruses - bacteria and protoctists (single-celled organisms).






4. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given






5. The movement of atoms or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration - until the concentration is the same throughout the available volume. Atoms and small molecules can also move across a permeable cell membran






6. Injury causing physical damage to the body.






7. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.






8. A chemical reaction involving the addition of oxygen.






9. The total amount of air that can be taken in to the lungs during a maximum inspiration - or expelled during a maximal expiration. (Abbreviated to VC)






10. Abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.






11. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are






12. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.






13. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.






14. A value which can be used to calculate the degree to which X-rays (or other radiation) are reduced in intensity when passing through a material (e.g. human tissue).






15. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.






16. A measure of how well a person sees - determined by the minimum distance at which two lines (or points) can be distinguished at a test distance.






17. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.






18. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.






19. The cells associated with peripheral neurons that wrap themselves around the axons.






20. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.






21. A type of cell that can migrate into wound sites and make new extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen.






22. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






23. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






24. The release of water vapour by plants.






25. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.






26. An epidemic on a world-wide scale.






27. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






28. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.






29. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.






30. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






31. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.






32. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






33. An atom that is better than other atoms at attracting electrons to itself; e.g. oxygen






34. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.






35. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short






36. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.






37. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.






38. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






39. A change in the sequences of bases in the DNA of an organism - resulting in an alteration in the manufacture or function of a body protein. Also refers to the process by which such a change in DNA sequence occurs due to the action of a mutagen - e.g.






40. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).






41. The number of deaths in a population - either from all causes combined or from a specific cause - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) people in the population.






42. The process whereby oxygen is taken up by cells and used in chemical reactions involving the oxidation of nutrient molecules (e.g. glucose) derived from food; these reactions release usable chemical energy for cellular processes. (CS 5 & 7)






43. A graphical method of showing whether two numerical variables are related to one another. They are called 'variables' because they can each have a range of possible values. Each data point represents a particular entity - such as a country - for whic






44. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).






45. Industrial chemicals - commonly found as environmental pollutants - that disrupt the hormonal systems of animals - including humans.






46. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.






47. The cells that produce new bone.






48. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.






49. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






50. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.