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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.






2. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.






3. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.






4. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






5. For a screening procedure such as mammography - this value is the number of true negative results expressed as a percentage of the total number of negative results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person






6. A tube conveying a body fluid - especially a glandular secretion - for example milk from the lobules of the mammary gland to the nipple.






7. Industrial chemicals - commonly found as environmental pollutants - that disrupt the hormonal systems of animals - including humans.






8. The distance between atoms in a molecule.






9. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.






10. The effects of ionising radiation are said to be this if there is a threshold below which there is no effect - and if above that threshold - the severity depends on the amount of radiation received.






11. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.






12. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.






13. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.






14. An early and reversible consequence of excessive alcohol consumption during which fat accumulates within the cells of the liver.






15. This condition occurs when the arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle become blocked by fatty deposits known as plaques - and areas of muscle die as a result.






16. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.






17. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).






18. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






19. A visual impairment in which the lens of the eye loses transparency and exhibits reduced light transmission.






20. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.






21. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.






22. Drinking to get drunk rather than just for pleasure.






23. The mechanisms in the nervous system underlying an automatic and unconscious reaction to a particular stimulus - i.e. a reaction that cannot be controlled by will-power.






24. A disease in which an excessive loss of bone structure occurs.






25. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.






26. Stimuli to pain that are associated with social loss such as bereavement - marital breakdown.






27. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.






28. Microbes that cause disease.






29. The spread of malignant - cancerous cells to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymph vessels.






30. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.






31. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.






32. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






33. Insufficient levels of oxygen in the blood or tissue.






34. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






35. A) Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged. b) An organelle containing the genetic material - found in most animal and plant cells.






36. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






37. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.






38. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled at each breath when resting (abbreviated to TV).






39. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






40. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






41. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.






42. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.






43. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu






44. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.






45. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.






46. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.






47. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






48. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






49. A shell - typically made from plaster or fibreglass - which can be put around a limb in order to encase and support a broken bone until it has healed.






50. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b