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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
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Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.
false negative
toxicology
mutagen
legal blindness
2. Any unintended and undesirable consequences of medical treatment; also known in medicine as an adverse effect or reaction.
stroma
SAFE
side-effects
primates
3. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
immunodeficiency
hypnosis
amygdale
cones
4. The process whereby oxygen is taken up by cells and used in chemical reactions involving the oxidation of nutrient molecules (e.g. glucose) derived from food; these reactions release usable chemical energy for cellular processes. (CS 5 & 7)
neurogenic pain
referred pain
cellular respiration
toxin
5. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.
ecosystems
blood pressure
intensity
electronegative
6. Categorised into three progressive stages: fatty liver - hepatitis and cirrhosis.
negative feedback
alcoholic liver disease
metabolism
incidence
7. An inflammation of the liver which can vary in severity.
gas transfer test
population screening
colour blind
hepatitis
8. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.
atmospheric pressure
incidence
proxy measure
electronvolt
9. A type of cell that is responsible for contraction in skeletal muscle tissue. They are long and thin and have many nuclei. (Also known as muscle fibre)
myofibre
invasive cancer
lobule
hypnosis
10. A theory of pain that was first proposed by Patrick Wall and Ronald Melzack in 1965. It suggests that there is - metaphorically speaking - a 'gate' within the spinal cord such that - if the gate is closed - nociceptive messages can be blocked. If the
antibiotic resistance
chemical compound
gate theory
dependence
11. The type of blood cell that transports oxygen; also known as a red blood cell.
erythrocyte
intensity
age-related macular degeneration
autograft
12. Persistent inflammation over long periods of time that occurs when the tissues are unable to overcome the effects of an injurious agent.
proxy measure
antibiotic resistance
chronic inflammation
psychological trauma
13. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
nociceptive pain
chronic condition
body mass index
enzyme
14. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.
fetal alcohol syndrome
cognition
autobiographical memory
lymph node
15. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
obesity
effective dose
addiction
ionic bonding
16. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometry
information processing
vital capacity
scatter plot
17. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.
complementary colours
fibrosis
disinfectant
vital capacity
18. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (
open angle glaucoma
agonist
fetal alcohol syndrome
double bond
19. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
connective tissue
venous return
myofibre
regenerative medicine
20. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the
multifactorial disease
DNA repair protein
incidence
hard problem of consciousness
21. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
spirometer
cast
invasive cancer
mutagen
22. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
carboxyhaemoglobin
dementia
glaucoma
allograft
23. Blood that contains very little oxygen.
oestrogens
image
pathogens
deoxygenated blood
24. The basic structural unit of all organisms; there are many different kinds in multicellular organisms. In mammals - including humans - they are usually composed of a nucleus containing genetic material - surrounded by the watery cytosol containing va
immunodeficiency
cell
endocrine system
cast
25. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet
plasticity
elastase
neurogenic pain
chronic bronchitis
26. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
post-traumatic stress disorder
spirogram
hyperopia
non-communicable diseases
27. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.
low vision
cancer cell
complementary colours
trichiasis
28. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
levers
proportional mortality
extracellular matrix
colour deficiency
29. The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element. Made up of a positively charged atomic nucleus - containing protons and neutrons - surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
atom
endocrine disruptors
stem cells
polyatomic ions
30. A type of cell that can migrate into wound sites and make new extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen.
fibroblast
transmission
duct
withdrawal symptoms
31. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.
endocrine disruptors
scar
alpha-1 antitrypsin
contagious
32. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.
tissue
abstinence
presbyopia
epithelial tissue
33. The outer layer of the brain - also known as the 'cerebral cortex'. (
visual impairment
confounding factor
physiology
cortex
34. A small airway branching from a bronchus.
dementia
bronchiole
colour blind
powers of ten
35. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.
tendons
intensity
blood-alcohol concentration
adhesion
36. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
noxious stimuli
PM10
cell membrane
radiologist
37. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.
additive primary colours
neuron
false positive
inhibitory synapse
38. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
systolic blood pressure
dependence
splint
mutation
39. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.
ionisation
incidence
catalyst
millilitres
40. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.
cellular respiration
wind-up
plasticity
developing countries
41. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.
hyperventilate
pathogens
concave
pain matrix
42. A method for determining the efficiency of gas transfer between the lungs and the pulmonary blood capillaries.
pulmonary rehabilitation
carcinoma
gas transfer test
oxygenated blood
43. A group of steroid hormones produced mainly by the ovaries (some are also produced by fat deposits in the body) - which are responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.
osteoblasts
oestrogens
lobule
screening
44. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.
traumatic injury
cataract
splint
acute effects
45. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat
tidal volume
inhibitory synapse
acute condition
obesity
46. Drinking to get drunk rather than just for pleasure.
central nervous system
colour blind
binge drinking
mortality rate
47. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.
partial pressure
bond length
element
urbanisation
48. Complex structures in the body formed from a number of different tissues - which form a distinct structure and serve a particular function - e.g. the heart - the brain - the lungs. (CS 2 & 4)
antibiotic resistance
morbidity rate
organ
binge drinking
49. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
respiration
light ray
microcalcifications
total lung capacity
50. Injury causing physical damage to the body.
open angle glaucoma
disability adjusted life year
subjective experience
traumatic injury
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