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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.
water-borne infectious diseases
confounding factor
lens
vacuum
2. A measure of how well a person sees - determined by the minimum distance at which two lines (or points) can be distinguished at a test distance.
hyperopia
pH scale
photon
visual acuity
3. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.
hormone
electron
bacteria
diaphragm
4. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.
chemical symbol
molecule
pulmonary hypertension
leukocytes
5. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
effective dose
fibrin
insufficiency fracture
mortality rate
6. Bonding Which is due to the electrical attraction of equal and opposite electrical charges and which holds the ions in salt crystals together.
traumatic injury
litre
ionic bonding
natural selection
7. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.
cellular respiration
reinforcer
vasodilation
inspiration
8. The value of a characteristic in terms of its contribution to the survival and reproductive chances of an animal.
alcoholic poisoning
homeostasis
adaptive value
open fracture
9. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
convex
infant mortality rate
cartilage
legal blindness
10. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.
referred pain
additive primary colours
inhibitory synapse
double bond
11. A representation using chemical symbols that shows the order in which the atoms are joined together; e.g. the structural formula of water is shown as HOH.
structural formula
iris
cortex
vital capacity
12. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
absorbed dose
cataract
point-of-use' strategy
SAFE
13. The problem of trying to explain how the subjective feelings of consciousness arise from the physical matter of the brain.
adaptive value
hard problem of consciousness
placebo effect
post-traumatic stress disorder
14. Any unintended and undesirable consequences of medical treatment; also known in medicine as an adverse effect or reaction.
polyatomic ions
side-effects
referred pain
proteins
15. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.
stress
vitreous humour
trauma
carcinoma
16. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.
stress response
ionisation
tissue
epidermis
17. Optimal corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 - i.e. wearing optimal correcting lenses - the individual can distinguish letters on a test chart at 6 metres that a person with normal vision could read at 18 metres
alcoholic liver disease
inflammatory mediators
low vision
hippocampus
18. A class of neurons that convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles.
period
motor neuron
polyatomic ions
nucleus
19. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
action potential
alveolus
centilitre
refractive errors
20. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
bond
forced vital capacity
bond dissociation energy
electromagnetic radiation
21. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.
acute effects
chronic pain
referred pain
blind study
22. The type of bone (sometimes called compact) that is more dense (compared with cancellous bone) and very strong. It is found in the parts of the bone that need to withstand the largest forces.
somatic nervous system
hormone
chemical symbol
compact bone
23. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.
glaucoma
blood-alcohol concentration
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
pupil
24. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.
hippocampus
optical power
ecotoxicology
adaptive characteristic
25. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
fulcrum
biomass fuel
central nervous system
26. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi
arterial blood gas test
pain
brain imaging
adaptive characteristic
27. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.
proxy measure
optometrist
mucus
cell membrane
28. A type of cell that is found within the nervous system and Which is specialised to transmit and process information (colloquially referred to as 'nerve cell').
hyperventilate
metastasis
neuron
oxidation
29. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
point-of-use' strategy
binge drinking
radiographer
veins
30. The total amount of air that can be taken in to the lungs during a maximum inspiration - or expelled during a maximal expiration. (Abbreviated to VC)
vital capacity
diarrhoeal diseases
haemoglobin
mucus
31. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
stem cells
spirometer
accommodation
acidosis
32. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.
epidermis
hydrogen bond
leukocytes
autobiographical memory
33. The experience of being in an unpleasant situation - over a period of days - weeks or longer - in which one is unable to exert control over circumstances which are not of one's choosing. The coping resources necessary to meet the demands of this unpl
prevalence rate
stress
wavelength
gene
34. A process whereby a parameter is maintained at a nearly constant value because deviations from its normal value tend to trigger actions that 'negate' the deviation and return it to normality; e.g. a fall in body temperature is fed back via the nervou
immune system
spectrum
hyperventilate
negative feedback
35. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .
adaptive value
period
urbanisation
bronchus
36. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.
nerve
proteins
evolutionary trade-off
bronchus
37. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of
true negative
homeostasis
osteoclasts
trauma
38. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.
absorption
proxy measure
age-related macular degeneration
prevalence
39. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.
mucus
choroid
false positive
placebo effect
40. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.
myofibrils
epinephrine
wave-particle duality
lung function test
41. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.
SI Units
fracture
referred pain
neurogenic pain
42. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.
child mortality rate
biomass fuel
amygdale
toxicology
43. A cancerous tumour arising in epithelial tissue that has the ability to metastasise (spread) to other parts of the body.
catalyst
microbes
carcinoma
tissue engineering
44. A type of cell that is responsible for contraction in skeletal muscle tissue. They are long and thin and have many nuclei. (Also known as muscle fibre)
myofibre
bipedality
astigmatism
optical power
45. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
postsynaptic neuron
pulse oximetry
expiration
light ray
46. Ducts lined with epithelial cells that originate in the dermis and release sweat onto the surface of the skin.
wave
dermis
immune system
sweat glands
47. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
malignant cancer
connective tissue
chronic inflammation
accommodation
48. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).
iris
ion
homeostasis
stress response
49. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.
skeletal muscle
myopia
SAFE
radiographer
50. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.
erythrocyte
psychogenic stimuli
chronic pain
trichromacy