Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would exert if it were alone in a container.






2. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.






3. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






4. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






5. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.






6. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.






7. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






8. A general loss of intellectual abilities including memory - judgement and abstract thinking - as well as personality changes.






9. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






10. The number of new cases in a given period - usually a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population






11. A type of cell that is responsible for contraction in skeletal muscle tissue. They are long and thin and have many nuclei. (Also known as muscle fibre)






12. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.






13. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.






14. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.






15. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.






16. A tissue that covers a surface or lines a space inside the body - forming a barrier or interface across which substances are absorbed or secreted - e.g. the skin - gut lining - and various glands.






17. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv






18. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (






19. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






20. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.






21. A molecule that facilitates a reaction but Which is left unchanged at the end; catalysis refers to the action of this.






22. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






23. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






24. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.






25. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.






26. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






27. A condition characterised by inflammation of the walls of the airways and excess production of mucus. It results in a persistent (chronic) cough with production of sputum - obstruction of airflow and increased vulnerability to respiratory infections.






28. The size and direction of a push or pull.






29. The cultivation of land for the purpose of crop production and/or the rearing of livestock - primarily for food - but also to provide materials - e.g. for fuel - clothing and shelter.






30. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.






31. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






32. A type of cell that can migrate into wound sites and make new extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen.






33. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






34. Stimuli that are associated with actual or potential damage to body tissues.






35. The distance between atoms in a molecule.






36. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.






37. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






38. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.






39. The visual condition of long-sightedness in which images of nearby objects cannot be focused sharply.






40. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.






41. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.






42. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






43. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.






44. A process causing evolutionary change over time (from one generation to the next). Individuals that hold an advantage in terms of survival and reproduction - in competition with other individuals - will pass on characteristics that contribute to that






45. An eye care professional qualified to perform eye tests and record the findings in a lens prescription.






46. An event that follows a particular behaviour and which strengthens the tendency to repeat that behaviour. For example - if relaxation follows drinking alcohol it would be said to reinforce the tendency to drink alcohol.






47. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






48. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.






49. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.






50. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience traditionally associated with actual or potential tissue damage and which normally is felt to arise in a particular location in the body. The term can also be used to refer to experiences triggered by so