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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.






2. A type of cell that can migrate into wound sites and make new extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen.






3. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(






4. Optimal corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 - i.e. wearing optimal correcting lenses - the individual can distinguish letters on a test chart at 6 metres that a person with normal vision could read at 18 metres






5. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.






6. A method of purifying water - e.g. filtering - that involves individual people treating water as they use it - rather than having purified water delivered to them from a remote water-treatment plant in pipes.

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7. An instrument that can be used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






8. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.






9. Diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person (also known as 'non-infectious diseases' or 'chronic conditions' or 'long-term conditions'); they mainly develop slowly over time and persist for a long period - or are irreversible; e.g. canc






10. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil






11. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






12. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si






13. An eye-surgery technique where the epithelial layer of the eye is removed and laser treatment applied to the tissues exposed beneath (abbreviated to PRK).






14. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.






15. The ability of the brain to take information and perform informed calculations (e.g. calculating the width of a space in which to park a car).






16. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato






17. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






18. An aspect of a characteristic that represents an adaptive compromise between two opposing evolutionary pressures; e.g. the human pelvis represents a compromise between being narrow - Which is necessary for running at speed - and being wide - Which is






19. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.






20. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.






21. A group of enzymes that degrade proteins by splitting the protein chain into smaller molecules; also called a 'protease'.






22. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.






23. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.






24. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.






25. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).






26. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a






27. An atom that is better than other atoms at attracting electrons to itself; e.g. oxygen






28. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






29. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.






30. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.






31. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.






32. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.






33. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.






34. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.






35. A state of inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs - often as a result of severe blood loss.






36. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.






37. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet






38. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






39. Pain that is triggered by a stimulus that causes actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.






40. The curved transparent layer that covers the front part of the eye. This (together with the lens) refracts light to form of an image on the retina - as well as protecting the eye from frontal damage.






41. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






42. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.






43. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.






44. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.






45. An insoluble fibrous protein that forms clots following tissue damage.






46. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.






47. Blood that contains very little oxygen.






48. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi






49. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.






50. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.