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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.
PM10
alcohol tolerant
motor neuron
sensory neuron
2. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
aqueous humour
referred pain
alveolus
adaptive characteristic
3. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
cell membrane
alveolus
withdrawal symptoms
ionising radiation
4. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.
reflex
iris
diaphragm
ionising radiation
5. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given
cortex
intensity
stunting
gene
6. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
litre
visual acuity
polymer
period
7. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
psychobiological approach
blood-alcohol concentration
astigmatism
rods
8. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
choroid
gas pressure
ophthalmologist
alpha-1 antitrypsin
9. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (also known as 'malignant' cancer)
fibrin
sweat glands
force
invasive cancer
10. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
point-of-use' strategy
tissue
toxicology
electromagnetic radiation
11. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.
physiology
tendons
endocrine system
SAFE
12. An outbreak of an infectious disease in a community - region or country - characterised by a sharp increase in the number of cases - followed after an interval by a decline to a normal level
noxious stimuli
gate theory
visual disability
epidemic
13. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.
chronic condition
stroma
skeletal muscle
body mass index
14. A chemical reaction involving the addition of oxygen.
oxidation
gate theory
antagonist
ethanol
15. An early and reversible consequence of excessive alcohol consumption during which fat accumulates within the cells of the liver.
acute condition
fatty liver
blood-alcohol concentration
prevalence rate
16. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.
optician
neurogenic pain
false negative
true negative
17. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.
non-communicable diseases
nephrons
contagious
SI Units
18. Negatively charged particle of almost no mass that surround the nucleus of an atom.
electron
hormone
prevalence rate
myopia
19. The cells that produce new bone.
metastasis
psychological trauma
diastolic blood pressure
osteoblasts
20. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san
developed countries
accommodation
oxidation
blood-alcohol concentration
21. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.
xenobiotic
epithelial cells
closed-angle glaucoma
absorption
22. Stimuli to pain that are associated with social loss such as bereavement - marital breakdown.
focal length
psychogenic stimuli
SI Units
multifactorial disease
23. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.
blind study
atomic nucleus
spirometry
spectrum
24. A collection of neurons and other cells that is located within the protection of the backbone.
spinal cord
incidence rate
metabolism
insufficiency fracture
25. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.
collagen
oxygenated blood
mortality data
interneuron
26. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)
morbidity
polyatomic ions
venous return
total lung capacity
27. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.
microcalcifications
visual impairment
nociceptive pain
systolic blood pressure
28. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (Also called 'invasive' cancer)
malignant cancer
metabolism
neuron
wave-particle duality
29. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.
affect
screening
microbes
disease risk factors
30. The process whereby oxygen is taken up by cells and used in chemical reactions involving the oxidation of nutrient molecules (e.g. glucose) derived from food; these reactions release usable chemical energy for cellular processes. (CS 5 & 7)
relative risk
cellular respiration
carboxyhaemoglobin
lock-and-key interaction
31. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
body systems
cell
pandemic
hydroxyl group
32. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.
wind-up
proteinase
water-borne infectious diseases
double-strand break
33. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
scar
optical power
endocrine disruptors
interneuron
34. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
glaucoma
ionic compound
effective dose
physiology
35. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).
autograft
antibiotic resistance
gas transfer test
high-risk screening
36. That part of the nervous system which exerts an influence over a number of the internal organs of the body - such as the gut - heart and blood vessels. Functions without conscious intervention.
neurotransmitter
synapse
analgesics
autonomic nervous system
37. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.
PM10
cardiovascular system
gate theory
disease risk factors
38. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.
psychogenic stimuli
ecotoxicology
optical power
relative risk
39. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
ionic bonding
cartilage
mutagen
hydrogen bond
40. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
metabolism
ecosystems
bar chart
risk factor
41. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.
solvent
incubation period
electron
infectious dose
42. A chemical that is stored within the axon terminal of a neuron and is released in response to electrical activity within that neuron. It passes the short distance to a neighbouring cell (neuron or muscle cell) where it binds to a neurotransmitter rec
neurotransmitter
nociceptive pain
wavelength
bond
43. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.
ligaments
fibrosis
astigmatism
greenstick fracture
44. An aspect of a characteristic that represents an adaptive compromise between two opposing evolutionary pressures; e.g. the human pelvis represents a compromise between being narrow - Which is necessary for running at speed - and being wide - Which is
evolutionary trade-off
single bond
side-effects
chemical bond
45. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).
bronchiole
respiratory centres
fibrosis
double-blind study
46. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
spirogram
prevalence rate
glaucoma
water-borne infectious diseases
47. A group of primates - to which modern humans belong - characterised by upright posture and a very large brain in relation to body size.
hominids
immunodeficiency
true positive
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
48. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
atom
central nervous system
risk factor
gene
49. The light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains the visual receptor cells (rods and cones).
hyperopia
force
retina
bond dissociation energy
50. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.
stress response
single-strand break
blind study
prefrontal cortex