Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






2. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.






3. A molecule that facilitates a reaction but Which is left unchanged at the end; catalysis refers to the action of this.






4. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.






5. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






6. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






7. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.






8. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.






9. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






10. Molecules or proteins released by immune system cells in the region of an injury - infection or other damage to the tissues. They have several effects including dilation (widening) of blood vessels to increase blood supply to the region. They also at






11. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.






12. A beneficial effect deriving from a procedure with no intrinsic benefit. It relies upon the context in which the intervention is made; e.g. a sugar pill might serve as a placebo if the patient believes that it will bring some benefits. (






13. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.






14. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.






15. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of






16. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).






17. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.






18. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






19. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






20. The value of a characteristic in terms of its contribution to the survival and reproductive chances of an animal.






21. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b






22. An inflammation of the liver which can vary in severity.






23. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






24. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)






25. A device that produces light of a single wavelength Which is transmitted in a narrow and powerful beam.






26. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.






27. A technique for monitoring the activity of the different regions of the brain. One method involves injecting a radioactive tracer substance and measuring its later appearance in different brain regions; high concentrations correspond to regions of hi






28. Complex structures in the body formed from a number of different tissues - which form a distinct structure and serve a particular function - e.g. the heart - the brain - the lungs. (CS 2 & 4)






29. The number of deaths in a population - either from all causes combined or from a specific cause - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) people in the population.






30. A clearly stated provisional explanation for a set of observations or data - devised for the purpose of testing its validity by the collection of additional data or by conducting an experiment.






31. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number






32. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






33. A technique in which a person is placed in a particular psychological state and - in response to suggestions made by the hypnotist - can experience alterations in perception - memory and voluntary action.






34. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






35. An early and reversible consequence of excessive alcohol consumption during which fat accumulates within the cells of the liver.






36. The distance between atoms in a molecule.






37. Visual defects caused by imperfections in the cornea and/or lens of the eye.






38. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.






39. Any one of numerous proteins in a mammalian cell that are part of the machinery that detects and repairs mistakes in DNA caused by errors during DNA copying - or by the effects of mutagens. They help to minimise the number of mutations - and when the






40. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.






41. The most common type of glaucoma - caused by a partial blockage of trabeculae - which reduces the rate at which the aqueous fluid can drain away from the eye and thus leads to a build up of intraocular pressure.






42. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






43. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.






44. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a






45. Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds - e.g. hydrogen (H2) - water (H2O) - carbon dioxide (CO2).






46. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.






47. A chemical that reduces microbial contamination of water - surfaces - etc.






48. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.






49. A disorder of the fetus or infant caused by excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy.






50. The type of muscle tissue that is responsible for moving parts of the musculoskeletal system.