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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






2. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






3. Building replacement tissues to aid repair following damage.






4. Pain that is triggered by a stimulus that causes actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.






5. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.






6. The neuron that stores and releases neurotransmitter at a synapse with another neuron or a muscle cell.






7. Tells you which type of atoms are bonded together to make up a compound or molecule - using symbols for its constituent elements. It also shows How many of each type of atom there are (e.g. the formula for carbon dioxide - CO2 - shows it has one carb






8. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.






9. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






10. Complex structures in the body formed from a number of different tissues - which form a distinct structure and serve a particular function - e.g. the heart - the brain - the lungs. (CS 2 & 4)






11. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.






12. Condition in which no colour at all can be seen.






13. Also known as 'organ systems'; combinations of organs and tissues that function in a coordinated way; e.g. the circulatory system - the nervous system - the respiratory system.






14. The distance between atoms in a molecule.






15. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






16. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






17. The process of reducing pain - e.g. by taking morphine.






18. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.






19. A chronic - irreversible disease of the lungs characterised by loss of elastic recoil and enlarged air spaces in the lungs due to destruction of the walls of the alveoli and small airways.






20. Ducts lined with epithelial cells that originate in the dermis and release sweat onto the surface of the skin.






21. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






22. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






23. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.






24. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.






25. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.






26. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si






27. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.






28. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec






29. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






30. The pressure exerted by blood pressing on the walls of the arteries. This is frequently expressed as two numbers - systolic (higher pressure during heart contraction) and diastolic (lower pressure between heart contractions) - measured in mmHg.






31. A bundle of the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system. (Occasionally employed informally to refer to a bundle of axons within the central nervous system.)






32. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.






33. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.






34. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






35. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






36. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.






37. The thinnest blood vessels.






38. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.






39. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.






40. Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle.






41. Often abbreviated to 'risk factors'; anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different population






42. A drug that acts to reduce the signs of inflammation - e.g. swelling - redness - heat and pain.






43. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.






44. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(






45. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.






46. A break in the continuity of a bone. Classified according to the extent of damage and the subsequent position of the broken pieces.






47. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .






48. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.






49. A bean-shaped tissue packed with immune system cells found at intervals along the vessels of the lymphatic system. They filter potentially harmful substances and organisms (microbes) from body fluids that drain into the lymphatic system; the filtered






50. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.







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