Test your basic knowledge |

Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.






2. The junction where a neuron influences another cell - the latter being either another neuron or a muscle cell. (






3. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.






4. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.






5. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.






6. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.






7. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.






8. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.






9. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.






10. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.






11. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.






12. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.






13. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






14. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.






15. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.






16. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given






17. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.






18. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.






19. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.






20. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.






21. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.






22. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.






24. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.






25. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






26. Leading global causes of visual impairment that have been identified by the WHO's Vision 2020 project as targets that can be prevented or treated. They include refractive errors and low vision - cataract - glaucoma - AMD - diabetic retinopathy and tr






27. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.






28. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl






29. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






30. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.






31. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv






32. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.






33. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






34. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.






35. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato






36. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.






37. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.






38. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.






39. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are






40. A protein produced by a living organism that functions as a catalyst. It facilitates other molecules entering into chemical reactions with one another - but is itself unaffected by these reactions.






41. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu






42. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.






43. Counts of deaths.






44. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






45. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






46. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.






47. The problem of trying to explain how the subjective feelings of consciousness arise from the physical matter of the brain.






48. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.






49. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.






50. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.