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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.






2. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone






3. Diseases in which the pathogen causing the disease lives part of its life cycle in water; e.g. cholera - cryptosporidiosis.






4. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.






5. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.






6. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






7. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.






8. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






9. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi






10. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.






11. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.






12. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number






13. The process whereby oxygen is taken up by cells and used in chemical reactions involving the oxidation of nutrient molecules (e.g. glucose) derived from food; these reactions release usable chemical energy for cellular processes. (CS 5 & 7)






14. The total amount of air that can be taken in to the lungs during a maximum inspiration - or expelled during a maximal expiration. (Abbreviated to VC)






15. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






16. The end of an axon which participates in a synapse with another cell.(






17. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






18. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.






19. The size and direction of a push or pull.






20. A class of neuron that detects the presence of stimuli in the world - such as tactile events - heat - cold or tissue damage.






21. A group of mammals including monkeys - apes and humans - with limbs adapted for climbing - leaping and swinging - reflecting their arboreal (tree-living) habits or origins - and characterised by having large brains in relation to body size - a short






22. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






23. A gradual change in about 10% of chronic heavy drinkers whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.






24. That part of the nervous system that exerts control over the skeletal muscles and thereby over behaviour.






25. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






26. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.






27. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






28. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).






29. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






30. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l






31. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






32. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






33. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.






34. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






35. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.






36. The neuron that has receptors for the neurotransmitter released by a presynaptic neuron at the junction (synapse) between these adjacent cells.






37. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






38. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver






39. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






40. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).






41. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.






42. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






43. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).






44. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.






45. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.






46. A method of purifying water - e.g. filtering - that involves individual people treating water as they use it - rather than having purified water delivered to them from a remote water-treatment plant in pipes.

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47. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






48. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl






49. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.






50. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.