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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.






2. A drug that acts to reduce the signs of inflammation - e.g. swelling - redness - heat and pain.






3. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.






4. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.






5. The time between one peak of a wave and the next .






6. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






7. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.






8. Microbes living in and around us - most of which are harmless or beneficial but some of which can cause disease.






9. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - but who actually does not have the disease.






10. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






11. A chemical reaction involving the addition of oxygen.






12. The study of toxins and their effects on living organisms.






13. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.






14. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.






15. The total amount of air that can be taken in to the lungs during a maximum inspiration - or expelled during a maximal expiration. (Abbreviated to VC)






16. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






17. An alternative way of modelling the energy from an electromagnetic wave; small packets of energy and the energy of each depends on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.






18. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






19. A synapse at which the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron has an inhibitory effect on a postsynaptic cell - i.e. it inhibits the appearance of action potentials in the second cell.






20. A chronic - irreversible disease of the lungs characterised by loss of elastic recoil and enlarged air spaces in the lungs due to destruction of the walls of the alveoli and small airways.






21. A brain region with an essential role in the storage and retrieval of memories.






22. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.






23. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.






24. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.






25. A symptom of trachoma in which eyelashes grow inwards and scratch the conjunctiva - causing pain - scarring and eventually blindness.






26. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.






27. X-ray imaging of the breast.






28. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.






29. The outer layer of the brain - also known as the 'cerebral cortex'. (






30. Intoxication so extreme that it leads to unconsciousness that can result in death.






31. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.






32. The study of the fate of chemical contaminants in the natural environment and their effects on plants - animals and ecosystems.






33. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






34. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.






35. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.






36. A hormone Which is normally secreted by the brain in response to decreased water levels in the body. When alcohol is drunk - ethanol acts on the brain and inhibites the release of this - allowing the kidneys to make more urine.






37. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.






38. A) A transparent and flexible convex structure behind the iris that (together with the cornea) refracts light. b) A transparent object - usually made of glass or plastic - that refracts light. Found in spectacles - magnifying glasses and microscopes.






39. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.






40. A form of notation (also known as 'scientific notation') used for expressing very large or very small numbers.






41. Immune system cells that circulate around the body helping to protect it from infection and some other types of disease; also known as white cells.






42. This condition occurs when the arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle become blocked by fatty deposits known as plaques - and areas of muscle die as a result.






43. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






44. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.






45. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organ that takes into account the type of radiation used. Some types of radiation are more damaging than others (because they tend to lead to double-strand breaks in the DNA rather than the more easil






46. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.






47. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)






48. A therapeutic technique where low-level stimulation is given to the skin and which has the effect of reducing pain (abbreviated to TENS).






49. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.






50. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.







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