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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.






2. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.






3. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.






4. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






5. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.






6. Condition in which the full range of colours cannot be clearly distinguished.






7. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.






8. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.






9. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






10. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.






11. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.






12. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






13. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.






14. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.






15. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.






16. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






17. The release of water vapour by plants.






18. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.






19. X-ray imaging of the breast.






20. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (Also called 'invasive' cancer)






21. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.






22. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si






23. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






24. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.






25. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.






26. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of






27. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.






28. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.






29. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.






30. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.






31. The process of detecting stimuli that cause actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.






32. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.






33. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.






34. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.






35. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






36. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).






37. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.






38. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.






39. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






40. A class of substances arising from outside the body - but Which bear a close similarity to naturally occurring opioids in their structure and effect; they include heroin derived from the opium poppy and morphine.






41. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).






42. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.






43. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.






44. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.






45. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).






46. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.






47. A stimulus that has no intrinsic power to trigger a particular response but which acquires this power after being associated with another stimulus. For example - a bell does not normally trigger salivation but - after pairing with food - it acquires






48. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.






49. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san






50. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond