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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.
collagen
electron
receptor
post-traumatic stress disorder
2. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.
tolerance
proteins
oxidation
respiratory system
3. Most common type of age-related macular degeneration - in which the blood supply to the retina is reduced - resulting in gradual loss of vision.
regenerative medicine
dry AMD
proportional mortality
hypovolaemic shock
4. The share of all deaths in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
tendons
haemoglobin
atmospheric pressure
proportional mortality
5. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
closed-angle glaucoma
cortex
light ray
obesity
6. Condition in which the full range of colours cannot be clearly distinguished.
hard problem of consciousness
diarrhoeal diseases
spinal cord
colour deficiency
7. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.
protons
bone marrow
diabetic retinopathy
reflection
8. The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule.
ethanol
collagen
invasive cancer
ionisation
9. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.
polymer
fibroblast
wind-up
systolic blood pressure
10. The need to drink much more than in the past to achieve the same effect.
alcohol tolerant
nociception
scatter plot
blood pressure
11. Tissue that is found at joints and during bone repair. Its structure is a bit like bone without the mineral component - giving a smooth and resilient surface to the ends of bones to aid movement at joints.
oxidation
morbidity rate
disease risk factors
cartilage
12. A small airway branching from a bronchus.
neurotransmitter
haemoglobin
calcium ions
bronchiole
13. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.
homeostasis
mutagen
pulmonary rehabilitation
traumatic injury
14. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.
elastase
point-of-use' strategy
photon
retina
15. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
powers of ten
polymer
collagen
high-risk screening
16. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).
regenerative medicine
morbidity rate
vasopressin
leukocytes
17. The release of water vapour by plants.
organ
neurotransmitter
transpiration
analgesics
18. The pressure exerted by a gas. It is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in a mixture of gases - e.g. oxygen - carbon dioxide - nitrogen and other gases that make up the air in the lungs.
structural formula
gas pressure
somatic nervous system
mitochondrio
19. X-ray imaging of the breast.
tendons
mammography
affect
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
20. A cancer that has the ability to spread or metastasise into healthy tissue. (Also called 'invasive' cancer)
tissue
endocrine system
traumatic injury
malignant cancer
21. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
wavelength
ethanol
cognitive-behavioural therapy
microbes
22. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si
developed countries
chemical symbol
reinforcer
post-traumatic stress disorder
23. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.
opioid
noxious stimuli
neurotransmitter
bipedality
24. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.
closed fracture
pain
effective dose
SAFE
25. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
polar molecule
brain imaging
incidence
dependence
26. A property of the body in which a number of its important parameters are held near to constant and any deviation from their normal value triggers action that tends to restore normality. It is exemplified by the maintenance of body temperature - or of
closed fracture
hypoxia
homeostasis
trichiasis
27. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.
force
effective dose
opioid
lower respiratory infection
28. Screening that takes place haphazardly when an opportunity arises - for example - when a patient consults a doctor about something unrelated and is referred for a screening test.
convex
opportunistic screening
peripheral nervous system
epidemiology
29. A constantly repeating variation of some quantity that transfers energy from one position in a medium to another.
bronchiole
carboxyhaemoglobin
wave
attenuation coefficient
30. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
visual impairment
vitreous humour
cognitive-behavioural therapy
arteries
31. The process of detecting stimuli that cause actual or potential damage to the tissues of the body.
trauma
nociception
diabetic retinopathy
epidermis
32. The electrical forces holding two atoms together.
neutron
deoxyribonucleic acid
dry AMD
chemical bond
33. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.
venous return
pulse oximetry
proportional morbidity
autobiographical memory
34. A visual impairment that interferes with day-to-day functions that an affected person considers to be normal.
wave-particle duality
atomic nucleus
visual disability
wind-up
35. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.
period
spirometer
electronvolt
organ
36. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).
nearwork activity
diabetic retinopathy
alcoholic poisoning
metabolism
37. The type of bone that is less dense (compared with compact bone) and contains struts (trabeculae) to provide strength. It is found within the widened areas inside the ends of the bones.
cancellous
mutagen
addiction
false negative
38. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.
photon
wet AMD
placebo effect
dry AMD
39. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
biopsy
connective tissue
deterministic
colour deficiency
40. A class of substances arising from outside the body - but Which bear a close similarity to naturally occurring opioids in their structure and effect; they include heroin derived from the opium poppy and morphine.
trichiasis
traumatic injury
opiates
phagocyte
41. The production of any colour by varying the relative intensities of the subtractive primaries (cyan - magenta and yellow).
nephrons
trichromacy
expiration
radiographer
42. The dimension of positive and negative feelings - exemplified by - respectively - happiness and pain.
antibiotic resistance
immune system
affect
positive predictive value
43. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.
neurogenic pain
visual impairment
hominids
morbidity
44. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.
pulmonary hypertension
atomic nucleus
anti-inflammatory
referred pain
45. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).
hypnosis
nephrons
PM10
allograft
46. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.
covalent bond
radiographer
trauma
oxygenated blood
47. A stimulus that has no intrinsic power to trigger a particular response but which acquires this power after being associated with another stimulus. For example - a bell does not normally trigger salivation but - after pairing with food - it acquires
microcalcifications
reflex
wave-particle duality
conditional stimulus
48. An estimate of the probability of developing a particular disease or disorder in a population that has been exposed to a particular risk factor - relative to the probability of developing the condition if the risk factor was not present.
bacteria
elastase
molecule
relative risk
49. Countries that provide universal education for their children - with populations that have high rates of literacy - comprehensive health services and which meet certain other development indicators - such as 100% access to safe drinking water and san
closed fracture
developed countries
complementary colours
hippocampus
50. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond
hydrogen bond
nearwork activity
respiratory system
disability adjusted life year