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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A condition characterised by inflammation of the walls of the airways and excess production of mucus. It results in a persistent (chronic) cough with production of sputum - obstruction of airflow and increased vulnerability to respiratory infections.
chronic bronchitis
fatty liver
leukocytes
cirrhosis
2. A fracture where the bone bends and only breaks on one side; commonest in children - whose bones tend to bend rather than break completely.
stress response
reward
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
greenstick fracture
3. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv
positive predictive value
leukocytes
mind
atom
4. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
open angle glaucoma
chronic condition
natural selection
single bond
5. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl
risk factor
stroma
bond dissociation energy
light ray
6. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.
fetal alcohol syndrome
sputum
vital capacity
dementia
7. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
choroid
ionic compound
amygdale
concave
8. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.
radiographer
respiratory centres
non-communicable diseases
vasodilation
9. A type of chemical bond formed between a partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on another atom. In more detail - the bond is formed by the electrical attraction occurring between the partial positive charge remainin
hydrogen bond
structural formula
absorbed dose
binge drinking
10. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given
diffusion
forced vital capacity
musculoskeletal system
gene
11. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t
infectious dose
immunodeficiency
selection pressure
chronic inflammation
12. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.
trachoma
tolerance
rods
macula lutea
13. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.
wavelength
body mass index
spirometer
fibrosis
14. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.
binge drinking
abstinence
ionic compound
haemoglobin
15. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).
allograft
aqueous humour
cirrhosis
urbanisation
16. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
reflection
vasopressin
spirometry
attenuation
17. A change in the sequences of bases in the DNA of an organism - resulting in an alteration in the manufacture or function of a body protein. Also refers to the process by which such a change in DNA sequence occurs due to the action of a mutagen - e.g.
open fracture
mutation
lock-and-key interaction
motor neuron
18. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.
visual impairment
morbidity rate
equivalent dose
sievert
19. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.
prevalence rate
forced vital capacity
choroid
obesity
20. An experience Which is accessible only to the person who experiences it in terms of the contents of his or her conscious mind. Such experience is not open to objective observation or measurement by any other individual and hence is contrasted with 'o
subjective experience
spirometer
point-of-use' strategy
hepatitis
21. A molecule that facilitates a reaction but Which is left unchanged at the end; catalysis refers to the action of this.
polar molecule
hypnosis
proteins
catalyst
22. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.
covalent bond
bone marrow
pulmonary hypertension
disinfectant
23. Negatively charged particle of almost no mass that surround the nucleus of an atom.
bone marrow
developing countries
electron
incidence
24. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.
epinephrine
double bond
autobiographical memory
mammography
25. A measure of the refracting power of a lens. Calculated as: 1 / focal length of the lens (in metres). The unit used is dioptres (symbol D). The power of a convex lens is positive; for a concave lens it is negative.
pain matrix
expiration
incidence
optical power
26. Microbes living in and around us - most of which are harmless or beneficial but some of which can cause disease.
withdrawal symptoms
gas pressure
particulates
bacteria
27. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ
mortality data
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
body mass index
epidemic
28. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.
systolic blood pressure
expiration
brain imaging
forced vital capacity
29. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).
hypothesis
ligaments
covalent bond
traumatic injury
30. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.
stress response
pandemic
lobule
inflammation
31. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
trachoma
analgesia
expiration
cataract
32. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.
lobule
molecule
analgesics
gate theory
33. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.
chemoreceptor
light ray
insufficiency fracture
colour blind
34. The amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs in the first second of expiration - abbreviated to FEV1.
priority eye diseases
complementary colours
forced expiratory volume in one second
ethanol
35. Fuel derived from plant matter or animal waste - e.g. wood - straw - dried animal dung.
trichiasis
mutagen
proteinase
biomass fuel
36. A break in one of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.
phagocyte
structural formula
vital capacity
single-strand break
37. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.
cataract
subjective experience
withdrawal symptoms
opportunistic screening
38. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
veins
water-borne infectious diseases
radiographer
gene
39. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
insufficiency fracture
microcalcifications
pH scale
intensity
40. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.
expiration
electronegative
arteries
single bond
41. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A
chemical compound
hormone
gas transfer test
heat capacity
42. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.
respiratory centres
splint
arterial blood gas test
media
43. Fine particles of a solid suspended in the air.
chronic pain
agonist
particulates
radiologist
44. A protein produced by a living organism that functions as a catalyst. It facilitates other molecules entering into chemical reactions with one another - but is itself unaffected by these reactions.
focal length
stress response
inspiration
enzyme
45. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(
carboxyhaemoglobin
attenuation coefficient
spirogram
neutron
46. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.
referred pain
excretion
refractive errors
psychobiological approach
47. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.
relative risk
venous return
osteoporosis
convex
48. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
placebo effect
cognitive-behavioural therapy
central nervous system
reflex
49. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.
focal length
electronvolt
addiction
craving
50. Gradual changes that occur slowly over time and may be irreversible - often in response to repeated exposure to a stimulus or toxic substance (e.g. alcohol).
subjective experience
chronic effects
lens
optical power