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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The corneal tissue consisting mainly of collagen fibres arranged in a manner that permits light transmission.
osteoblasts
affect
stroma
extracellular matrix
2. The cultivation of land for the purpose of crop production and/or the rearing of livestock - primarily for food - but also to provide materials - e.g. for fuel - clothing and shelter.
agriculture
nearwork activity
malignant cancer
epidemic
3. Diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person (also known as 'non-infectious diseases' or 'chronic conditions' or 'long-term conditions'); they mainly develop slowly over time and persist for a long period - or are irreversible; e.g. canc
point-of-use' strategy
hydrogen bond
non-communicable diseases
stress response
4. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
mucus
true negative
convex
skeletal muscle
5. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).
spinal cord
classical conditioning
ion
infectious dose
6. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
compact bone
emphysema
reflection
body systems
7. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).
regenerative medicine
hippocampus
ophthalmologist
agonist
8. That part of the nervous system that is not within the central nervous system. It is made up of nerves throughout the body.
blind study
bronchodilator
peripheral nervous system
media
9. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.
greenstick fracture
stunting
complementary colours
interneuron
10. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.
chronic condition
vital capacity
heat capacity
systolic blood pressure
11. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
stress
atomic nucleus
veins
agonist
12. Disease - disorder or traumatic injury characterised by rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration - From which the patient either recovers quickly or dies (CS 1 & 6). Some chronic (long-term) conditions can have acute episodes - e.g. exacerbat
endothelial cells
excitatory synapse
acute condition
solvent
13. The eye chart used to determine how well a person can see at various distances. Named after a 19th-century Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen (1834-1908) who devised a test for visual acuity.
tissue engineering
low vision
Snellen letter chart
population age-structures
14. Pain that appears to arise in a part of the body that no longer exists - e.g. in a limb that has been amputated.
presbyopia
venous return
traumatic injury
phantom pain
15. The cells that produce new bone.
osteoblasts
adaptive value
endocrine disruptors
primates
16. A measure of body weight - taking height into account. Calculated by dividing person's weight (mass) in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres squared (m2). In most assessments - 20.0-24.9 is considered to be a normal healthy weight - 20.0 is categ
ophthalmologist
pain matrix
electromagnetic radiation
body mass index
17. The total number of people who have a disease - disorder or disability at a particular point in time - expressed as a rate per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
proteinase
lymph node
prevalence rate
chronic condition
18. Microscopic organisms (bacteria - fungi and protoctists) - together with viruses - whether pathogenic (disease-causing) or harmless; also known as microorganisms.
mammals
vital capacity
microbes
absorbed dose
19. Intoxication so extreme that it leads to unconsciousness that can result in death.
SAFE
reflex
alcoholic poisoning
pH scale
20. A global strategy to combat trachoma - involving eyelid surgery - antibiotic treatment - attention to facial cleanliness and environmental changes.
SAFE
cardiovascular system
hyperventilate
adaptive value
21. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.
hominids
infant mortality rate
sweat glands
convex
22. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.
refractive errors
chronic bronchitis
fulcrum
carboxyhaemoglobin
23. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.
anti-inflammatory
obesity
microcalcifications
laser
24. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
autograft
psychogenic pain
alveolus
macula lutea
25. A chemical that has the effect of mimicking the action of a natural substance such as a neurotransmitter. (
open angle glaucoma
cancellous
tissue
agonist
26. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.
body mass index
stroma
infectious dose
polar molecule
27. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
visual acuity
light ray
cell membrane
endocrine system
28. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.
trichiasis
millilitres
chronic condition
insufficiency fracture
29. A response to a stimulus or substance (such as alcohol) which occurs rapidly and produces severe - possibly life-threatening - symptoms.
neurotransmitter
chronic pain
bond length
acute effects
30. A synapse at which the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron has an excitatory effect on a postsynaptic cell - e.g. it excites further action potentials in a second cell.
tidal volume
excitatory synapse
infectious dose
particulates
31. Disease - disorder or disability.
adhesion
morbidity
acute condition
autonomic nervous system
32. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.
splint
proteins
chemical symbol
convex
33. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.
venous return
infant mortality rate
Snellen letter chart
blood-alcohol concentration
34. Fine particles of a solid suspended in the air.
opportunistic screening
ecosystems
systolic blood pressure
particulates
35. The process whereby oxygen is taken up by cells and used in chemical reactions involving the oxidation of nutrient molecules (e.g. glucose) derived from food; these reactions release usable chemical energy for cellular processes. (CS 5 & 7)
central nervous system
cellular respiration
diffusion
plasticity
36. A class of substances arising from outside the body - but Which bear a close similarity to naturally occurring opioids in their structure and effect; they include heroin derived from the opium poppy and morphine.
opiates
double bond
radiologist
adaptive value
37. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.
trichiasis
absorption
acute effects
threshold of excitation
38. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also
inflammation
alcohol myopia
developing countries
mucus
39. The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place. In mammals it consists of the airways - the lungs and the muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
respiratory system
open angle glaucoma
opiates
child mortality rate
40. The blood pressure that is detected between heart contractions (lower than the systolic blood pressure).
extracellular matrix
diastolic blood pressure
force
pain matrix
41. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.
epidermis
non-communicable diseases
deoxygenated blood
opiates
42. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.
residual volume
microbes
contagious
sievert
43. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.
developed countries
screening
bone marrow
nephrons
44. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.
transmission
bar chart
mortality data
epidermis
45. Blood vessels that convey blood away from the heart.
nociceptive pain
alcohol myopia
cortex
arteries
46. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.
reflection
chemical symbol
atom
forced expiratory volume in one second
47. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.
neutron
duct
pain matrix
abstinence
48. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver
placebo effect
developed countries
age-standardisation
neutron
49. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.
hydroxyl group
cerebral hemisphere
myopia
dementia
50. Visual acuity worse than 6/60.
myofibre
legal blindness
classical conditioning
stress response