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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).
endocrine disruptors
analgesics
hominids
wavelength
2. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.
bone marrow
non-communicable diseases
electronegative
forced vital capacity
3. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.
antibiotic resistance
electronvolt
dermis
catalyst
4. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.
mind
pandemic
diastolic blood pressure
positive predictive value
5. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.
epithelial tissue
cortex
absorption
hepatitis
6. A device that produces light of a single wavelength Which is transmitted in a narrow and powerful beam.
endothelial cells
intensity
plasticity
laser
7. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
mitochondrio
plasticity
negative feedback
reflection
8. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.
veins
blind study
PM10
nucleus
9. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
bronchodilator
morbidity rate
trichiasis
presynaptic neuron
10. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.
metastasis
alpha-1 antitrypsin
population age-structures
convex
11. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.
chemical symbol
deoxyribonucleic acid
expiration
chemical compound
12. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.
chronic condition
ionisation
lobule
fulcrum
13. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)
levers
dependence
epithelial cells
mucus
14. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.
obesity
opioid
double-blind study
attenuation coefficient
15. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.
cirrhosis
arterial blood gas test
spirogram
mortality rate
16. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.
diabetic retinopathy
ophthalmologist
open fracture
sputum
17. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.
rods
mammography
adhesion
neurogenic pain
18. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
absorbed dose
reward
population age-structures
diarrhoeal diseases
19. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.
double-blind study
millilitres
gas transfer test
fetal alcohol syndrome
20. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)
hydrogen bond
dependence
mortality data
total lung capacity
21. A simple way of presenting numerical data visually - so as to emphasise the relative size of different numbers. May be arranged vertically or horizontally.
bar chart
extracellular matrix
venous return
chronic effects
22. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.
gene
contagious
ethanol
complementary colours
23. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
refractive errors
calcium ions
vitreous humour
microcalcifications
24. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).
endocrine system
hyperventilate
radiographer
ligaments
25. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).
atom
metabolism
legal blindness
ion
26. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.
vasodilation
SI Units
PM10
mitochondrio
27. That part of the nervous system which exerts an influence over a number of the internal organs of the body - such as the gut - heart and blood vessels. Functions without conscious intervention.
autonomic nervous system
tolerance
hyperventilate
axon
28. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.
ecosystems
conditional stimulus
centilitre
residual volume
29. Microbes that cause disease.
choroid
pathogens
oxygenated blood
hypoxia
30. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.
obesity
contagious
risk factor
wave-particle duality
31. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co
action potential
alpha-1 antitrypsin
chronic condition
myofibrils
32. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.
autonomic nervous system
pulmonary rehabilitation
solvent
excretion
33. X-ray imaging of the breast.
mammography
refractive errors
respiratory system
reflex
34. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.
proteins
potential difference
side-effects
particulates
35. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.
spinal cord
element
connective tissue
epithelial tissue
36. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).
cancellous
optician
regenerative medicine
vitreous humour
37. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
invasive cancer
chronic bronchitis
cones
colour blind
38. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.
ionising radiation
iris
leukocytes
antagonist
39. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.
nephrons
hypnosis
pathogens
force
40. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
bacteria
opioid
element
trachoma
41. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno
arteries
epinephrine
immune system
force
42. Molecules or proteins released by immune system cells in the region of an injury - infection or other damage to the tissues. They have several effects including dilation (widening) of blood vessels to increase blood supply to the region. They also at
cell membrane
transmission
reflection
inflammatory mediators
43. A condition in which the cornea is irregularly curved.
mutation
inhibitory synapse
astigmatism
confounding factor
44. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.
analgesics
tolerance
capillaries
colour blind
45. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).
wind-up
child mortality rate
vitreous humour
iris
46. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.
proportional morbidity
proteinase
mutation
bone marrow
47. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.
cancellous
physiology
gas transfer test
acute pain
48. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.
open angle glaucoma
screening
molecule
chemoreceptor
49. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.
conjunctivitis
electron
oxidation
oestrogens
50. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).
nearwork activity
point-of-use' strategy
vasopressin
myofibrils