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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.






2. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.






3. Inflammation with a rapid onset - severe symptoms and short duration.






4. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.






5. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.






6. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.






7. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. It consists only of the atoms characteristic - e.g. hydrogen (H) - oxygen (O) - nitrogen (N) - sodium (Na) - chlorine (Cl) - mercury (Hg). There are 92 naturally oc






8. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.






9. The blood pressure that is detected during heart contractions - Which is higher than the diastolic pressure.






10. A sensory nerve cell or group of cells that responds to a chemical stimulus.






11. A system of glands (also known as ductless glands) - each of which secretes one or more hormones directly into the bloodstream. (CS 1 - 2 & 3)






12. Optimal corrected visual acuity worse than 6/18 - i.e. wearing optimal correcting lenses - the individual can distinguish letters on a test chart at 6 metres that a person with normal vision could read at 18 metres






13. A test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a sample of blood from an artery - e.g. in the wrist. Used to evaluate the efficiency of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.






14. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






15. Condition in which no colour at all can be seen.






16. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.






17. A small group of atoms bonded together which carry an overall electrical charge; e.g. the bicarbonate ion and the nitrate ion.






18. A small depression in the retina of the eye - with high visual capability - consisting exclusively of cones.






19. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






20. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.






21. The process of expiring or breathing out; the emission of air from the lungs.






22. A synapse at which the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron has an excitatory effect on a postsynaptic cell - e.g. it excites further action potentials in a second cell.






23. Intoxication so extreme that it leads to unconsciousness that can result in death.






24. Diseases involving the frequent passing of liquid faeces; they are caused by a wide variety of pathogens - including viruses - bacteria and protoctists (single-celled organisms).






25. Colours of light (red - blue and green) which - when added together - make white light.






26. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






27. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






28. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.






29. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.






30. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.






31. The new tissue formed as a wound repairs - containing tiny new blood vessels that give it a grainy appearance.






32. A two-dimensional map or projection of an object.






33. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.






34. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (






35. The curved transparent layer that covers the front part of the eye. This (together with the lens) refracts light to form of an image on the retina - as well as protecting the eye from frontal damage.






36. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.






37. An experience Which is accessible only to the person who experiences it in terms of the contents of his or her conscious mind. Such experience is not open to objective observation or measurement by any other individual and hence is contrasted with 'o






38. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.






39. A disorder of the fetus or infant caused by excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy.






40. The outer waterproof protective layer of the skin.






41. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.






42. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.






43. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si






44. The junction where a neuron influences another cell - the latter being either another neuron or a muscle cell. (






45. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).






46. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.






47. A stimulus that has no intrinsic power to trigger a particular response but which acquires this power after being associated with another stimulus. For example - a bell does not normally trigger salivation but - after pairing with food - it acquires






48. An infection of the lower respiratory tract (the bronchi and lungs) - e.g. pneumonia.






49. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).






50. Counts of deaths.