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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno
epinephrine
compact bone
psychogenic stimuli
analgesia
2. A) Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged. b) An organelle containing the genetic material - found in most animal and plant cells.
true positive
nucleus
respiratory centres
low vision
3. The flow of blood back to the heart in the veins.
immunodeficiency
venous return
laser
deterministic
4. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.
primates
electronegative
ethanol
legal blindness
5. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.
affect
transmission
heat capacity
haemoglobin
6. High blood pressure in the blood vessels supplying the lungs - a sign that blood flow is restricted in some way.
pulmonary hypertension
endothelial cells
oestrogens
biopsy
7. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co
action potential
venous return
wet AMD
media
8. A single point on the optical axis of a lens onto which all light rays parallel to that axis are directed.
principal focal point
psychogenic stimuli
granulation tissue
hormone
9. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. It consists only of the atoms characteristic - e.g. hydrogen (H) - oxygen (O) - nitrogen (N) - sodium (Na) - chlorine (Cl) - mercury (Hg). There are 92 naturally oc
proportional mortality
morbidity rate
regenerative medicine
element
10. The cells associated with peripheral neurons that wrap themselves around the axons.
compact bone
toxicology
Schwann cells
endocrine disruptors
11. A shell - typically made from plaster or fibreglass - which can be put around a limb in order to encase and support a broken bone until it has healed.
fetal alcohol syndrome
cast
anti-inflammatory
vacuum
12. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l
solvent
radiographer
osteoblasts
epidemiology
13. A bean-shaped tissue packed with immune system cells found at intervals along the vessels of the lymphatic system. They filter potentially harmful substances and organisms (microbes) from body fluids that drain into the lymphatic system; the filtered
closed fracture
lymph node
dementia
acute pain
14. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
adaptive value
effective dose
polymer
phagocyte
15. The tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.
trachea
bronchiole
true positive
ionising radiation
16. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.
media
epithelial cells
cerebral hemisphere
proportional morbidity
17. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).
respiratory system
ligaments
atom
craving
18. The yellow central area of the retina containing the fovea.
traumatic injury
fatty liver
light ray
macula lutea
19. A narrow beam of light used to show the direction of travel of light from a source.
light ray
alcoholic poisoning
powers of ten
centilitre
20. An experience Which is accessible only to the person who experiences it in terms of the contents of his or her conscious mind. Such experience is not open to objective observation or measurement by any other individual and hence is contrasted with 'o
enzyme
subjective experience
catalyst
chronic effects
21. A form of conditioning in which a stimulus with no intrinsic capacity to trigger a particular response acquires such a capacity by being paired with a stimulus that does trigger the response; e.g. a bell can come to trigger salivation in a dog if it
acute condition
classical conditioning
bronchus
synapse
22. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.
prefrontal cortex
atmospheric pressure
absorbed dose
lower respiratory infection
23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.
false negative
synapse
cartilage
alcoholic poisoning
24. The cells that produce new bone.
tolerance
diabetic retinopathy
osteoblasts
conditional stimulus
25. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.
solvent
atom
media
true positive
26. The number of photons passing through a given area per second.
tendons
bronchodilator
screening
intensity
27. An internationally recognised health indicator - defined as the number of babies in every 1000 live births who die in their first year of life.
infant mortality rate
lung function test
withdrawal symptoms
stem cells
28. The time between a pathogen entering its host and the host beginning to show disease symptoms; varies from one infectious disease to another.
epithelial tissue
incubation period
Snellen letter chart
cartilage
29. A characteristic of an organism is said to be adaptive if an individual possessing that characteristic has an advantage over other members of the same species in terms of survival or reproduction; e.g. ability to evade predators - attractiveness to t
specificity
polyatomic ions
adaptive characteristic
neurogenic pain
30. The visual condition of short-sightedness in which images of distant objects cannot be focused sharply.
respiratory system
disability adjusted life year
endocrine disruptors
myopia
31. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
alveolus
attenuation
relative risk
intensity
32. Long chain-like molecules (polymers) made from smaller molecules called amino acids joined by chemical bonds. The chains fold up into complex shapes giving them a wide range of functions. Major constituent of all organisms.
osteoclasts
absorption
proteins
bronchodilator
33. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
natural selection
scar
forced expiratory volume in one second
mammography
34. The size and direction of a push or pull.
legal blindness
heat capacity
force
visual acuity
35. Characteristic signs that follow the termination of taking a drug - most usually associated with a negative mood. There can also be characteristic physiological signs associated with particular drugs - e.g. sweating and shivering.
withdrawal symptoms
absorption
classical conditioning
pain
36. Gradual changes that occur slowly over time and may be irreversible - often in response to repeated exposure to a stimulus or toxic substance (e.g. alcohol).
endothelial cells
chronic effects
fibrin
incidence
37. The process of inspiring or inhaling; the drawing in of air into the lungs.
fibroblast
ionising radiation
inspiration
refraction
38. The standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; it has the symbol l.
high-risk screening
pulmonary hypertension
infant mortality rate
litre
39. An eye care professional who makes spectacles or contact lenses and advises on suitable frames or lens choices.
alveolus
ecotoxicology
water-borne infectious diseases
optician
40. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
Snellen letter chart
forced vital capacity
pathogens
true negative
41. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.
cardiovascular system
chemical formula
osteoclasts
double bond
42. The total amount of air that can be forcefully expired from fully inflated lungs - abbreviated to FVC.
homeostasis
deoxygenated blood
heat capacity
forced vital capacity
43. A decreasing ability of the lens of the eye to accommodate - often associated with increasing age.
scatter plot
inhibitory synapse
cortex
presbyopia
44. A break in both of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.
oxyhaemoglobin
capillaries
double-strand break
coronary heart disease
45. A condition in which the optic nerve becomes damaged - usually because the pressure of fluid within the eye becomes too high - leading to a progressive loss of vision.
retina
accommodation
fracture
glaucoma
46. Disease or disorder that often has a gradual onset - involves slowly changing symptoms and lasts for a long time.
chronic condition
chemical formula
presbyopia
radiologist
47. Pain that arises from tissue damage in one part of the body - but Which is felt to be arising in a different part of the body. It is said to be 'referred to' a part that is not damaged.
referred pain
false positive
enzyme
particulates
48. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).
neutron
chemical compound
rods
vitreous humour
49. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
analgesia
bronchus
central nervous system
leukocytes
50. Persistent inflammation over long periods of time that occurs when the tissues are unable to overcome the effects of an injurious agent.
chronic bronchitis
body mass index
chronic inflammation
calcium ions