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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).






2. Tissue in the centre of some large bones that contains cells (including stem cells) which are responsible for the production of white cells - red blood cells and a variety of other cells.






3. A small unit of energy frequently used by physicists and denoted by the symbol eV.






4. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.






5. A) A process in which the photon energy is captured by a medium - without transmission or reflection. b) The process by which the molecules released from digested food pass through the wall of the gut and into the surrounding blood vessels.






6. A device that produces light of a single wavelength Which is transmitted in a narrow and powerful beam.






7. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.






8. Particulates suspended in air that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter.






9. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.






10. A lens shape with a greater thickness at the centre than at each end.






11. Often abbreviated to 'compound': a substance made up of two or more elements; it may be composed of molecules or ions.






12. A subdivision of a rounded mass of tissue. For example - in the breast - this is used to describe an individual branched subsection of the mammary gland.






13. Cells that cover all surfaces of the body. (CS 3 - 4 - 6 & 7)






14. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.






15. A graph recording breathing - Which is made with a spirometer.






16. Damage to the retina due to the abnormal blood flow that may develop in people with diabetes.






17. Photoreceptor cells that are responsible for night vision. These cells provide no information about colour.






18. A measure of the amount of energy from ionising radiation absorbed per kilogram of tissue. It is measured in units of grays where 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.






19. A subunit of the scientific unit of volume - the litre. One litre can be divided into 1000 of these.






20. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)






21. A simple way of presenting numerical data visually - so as to emphasise the relative size of different numbers. May be arranged vertically or horizontally.






22. Refers to an infectious disease that can be transmitted by physical contact.






23. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.






24. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).






25. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).






26. The expansion of narrow blood vessels immediately beneath the skin; as they dilate they can carry more blood.






27. That part of the nervous system which exerts an influence over a number of the internal organs of the body - such as the gut - heart and blood vessels. Functions without conscious intervention.






28. Recognisable assemblages of plants and animals - such as woodland - grassland - rivers - etc. - in which a distinct set of plants and animals live together and interact with one another.






29. Microbes that cause disease.






30. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.






31. A sudden change in potential difference (voltage) across the cell membrane of neurons - consisting of an increase in the resting potential and a sudden return to the resting value. Transmitted along axons and constitute the principal 'language' of co






32. A substance (usually liquid) in which other substances dissolve.






33. X-ray imaging of the breast.






34. An electrical difference across the membrane of cells that arises from an unequal concentration of ions on either side. It is also termed 'voltage'.






35. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






36. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






37. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.






38. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.






39. Structures in the kidney that filter the blood and produce the urine.






40. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .






41. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno






42. Molecules or proteins released by immune system cells in the region of an injury - infection or other damage to the tissues. They have several effects including dilation (widening) of blood vessels to increase blood supply to the region. They also at






43. A condition in which the cornea is irregularly curved.






44. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.






45. The transparent gelatinous fluid within the eyeball (between the lens and the retina).






46. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






47. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.






48. The systematic application of a test or investigation to people who have not sought medical attention - in order to identify those whose risk of developing a particular disease is sufficient to justify further action.






49. A condition in which the conjunctiva is inflamed.






50. An activity where the eye is constantly focused on objects nearby (e.g. reading).