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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An irreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis - in which airway obstruction causes breathing difficulties - including shortness of breath.
diarrhoeal diseases
osteoporosis
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
gene
2. The thinnest blood vessels.
regenerative medicine
capillaries
compact bone
media
3. A graft where the donor tissue comes from another person (as opposed to an autograft where it comes from the same person).
fetal alcohol syndrome
bioaccumulation
allograft
prevalence
4. An electrically charged atom or molecule. May be positively or negatively charged; e.g. Na+ (the positively charged sodium ion) and Cl- (the negatively charged chloride ion).
ion
systolic blood pressure
inflammatory mediators
body mass index
5. The unit of absorbed dose of ionising radiation; 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram of tissue.
grays
fetal alcohol syndrome
presbyopia
hypothesis
6. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.
ionic bonding
cornea
nearwork activity
psychogenic pain
7. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
vasodilation
atomic nucleus
period
neurotransmitter
8. The material outside the cells in a tissue in which the cells are embedded. It is mainly made from proteins made by and arranged by the cells.
nucleus
photon
extracellular matrix
autobiographical memory
9. A break in one of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.
fovea
single-strand break
lock-and-key interaction
diffusion
10. A break in the continuity of a bone. Classified according to the extent of damage and the subsequent position of the broken pieces.
infectious dose
stochastic
fracture
pulmonary hypertension
11. To breathe more rapidly and deeply than normal.
mortality data
diastolic blood pressure
physiology
hyperventilate
12. A complex specialised molecule embedded in the outer membrane of a cell - or in its internal structure - which has a unique three-dimensional shape and patterns of electrical charge that enable it to bind specifically to a particular signalling molec
urbanisation
connective tissue
receptor
drainage angle
13. Condition in which the full range of colours cannot be clearly distinguished.
hepatitis
colour deficiency
hyperventilate
SI Units
14. A process whereby a stimulus that owes its power to conditioning loses this power by being repeatedly presented on its own; e.g. the ceasing of the capacity of a bell to trigger salivation occurs if the bell is repeatedly sounded - but without food b
nearwork activity
extinction
prevalence rate
stunting
15. One of the two main branches of the windpipe or trachea - leading to the lungs.
elastase
developing countries
nociception
bronchus
16. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.
cardiovascular system
neurogenic pain
mitochondrio
diffusion
17. Certain kinds of activity with which the brain is engaged - i.e. the processing of information that is summarised by the term 'mind'. It is exemplified by thinking - memory - reasoning and interpreting.
emphysema
conditional stimulus
primates
cognition
18. A process in which light passes through a medium unaffected - e.g. light passing through clear glass.
transmission
referred pain
capillaries
forced expiratory volume in one second
19. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl
biomass fuel
forced vital capacity
risk factor
extracellular matrix
20. Degenerative disease of the retina that results in loss of vision in the centre of the visual field. It is caused by an impaired blood supply to the macula. This condition is usually associated with ageing.
metabolism
presbyopia
age-related macular degeneration
hypovolaemic shock
21. The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would exert if it were alone in a container.
chemical symbol
hypothesis
partial pressure
absorption
22. Being shorter at a given age by a specified amount below the population average.
ligaments
stunting
LASIK
sievert
23. For a screening procedure such as mammography - this value is the number of true negative results expressed as a percentage of the total number of negative results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person
negative predictive value
subjective experience
spectrum
nociception
24. The change of thickness of the lens of the eye so that focal length changes. This allows light from objects at different distances to be sharply focused in turn on the retina.
pandemic
attenuation coefficient
accommodation
contagious
25. The basic structural unit of all organisms; there are many different kinds in multicellular organisms. In mammals - including humans - they are usually composed of a nucleus containing genetic material - surrounded by the watery cytosol containing va
hypovolaemic shock
nerve
cell
body mass index
26. The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
photon
false negative
organ
central nervous system
27. A collection of different brain regions that is activated in response to painful stimuli and is associated with the experience of pain.
psychological trauma
levers
pain matrix
bronchiole
28. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.
iris
capillaries
radiologist
interneuron
29. Injury causing physical damage to the body.
traumatic injury
infant mortality rate
hepatitis
ophthalmologist
30. A clearly stated provisional explanation for a set of observations or data - devised for the purpose of testing its validity by the collection of additional data or by conducting an experiment.
hypothesis
double bond
collagen
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
31. A slimy - viscous substance secreted as a protective lubricant by the cells in the lining of the nose - throat and airways. Traps microbes and particles and is swept out of the respiratory system into the throat - to be coughed out or swallowed. Also
respiration
presynaptic neuron
atmospheric pressure
mucus
32. A cell that is part of a malignant tumour; not subject to the body signals that tell normal cells when to divide or stop dividing - so they multiply in an uncontrolled way.
developed countries
ethanol
forced vital capacity
cancer cell
33. The photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are responsible for daytime and colour vision.
cones
excitatory synapse
bipedality
iris
34. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
amygdale
prefrontal cortex
bond length
nerve
35. A type of cell that is responsible for contraction in skeletal muscle tissue. They are long and thin and have many nuclei. (Also known as muscle fibre)
water-borne infectious diseases
inflammatory mediators
atom
myofibre
36. A condition in which the cornea is irregularly curved.
choroid
astigmatism
toxicology
compact bone
37. A substance composed of positively and negatively charged ions - held together by the electrical attraction between opposite charges. Salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) - in which the ions are organised in a regular crystal lattice - are this.
ionic compound
respiratory system
microbes
SI Units
38. The size and direction of a push or pull.
cellular respiration
ionic compound
force
chronic effects
39. Large blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
open fracture
veins
multifactorial disease
hydroxyl group
40. An approach to explanation which implies two closely related things: (i) both biological and psychological sciences have central roles in the explanation - and (ii) a given phenomenon to be studied within this perspective - such as pain - has both bi
stress response
macula lutea
reward
psychobiological approach
41. A term that refers to the fact that the connections between neurons are not static. Rather - they are subject to change as result of activity within the neurons concerned. It can mean - over a period of time - increased sensitivity of connections bet
adaptive characteristic
additive primary colours
plasticity
lung function test
42. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.
protons
absorption
wind-up
ecosystems
43. A molecule that facilitates a reaction but Which is left unchanged at the end; catalysis refers to the action of this.
reflex
chemical bond
catalyst
multifactorial disease
44. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.
scar
body systems
additive primary colours
negative feedback
45. A study in which neither the participants (e.g. patients) nor the experimenters (e.g. therapists) know into which group the participants have been allocated (e.g. either drug or placebo groups).
antibiotic resistance
acute inflammation
analgesics
double-blind study
46. The environmental factors impacting on survival and reproduction in a population of organisms in which there is variation between individuals in their ability to withstand adverse conditions or benefit from advantageous circumstances. The result of t
selection pressure
single bond
forced expiratory volume in one second
radiologist
47. Death.
mortality
infectious dose
wet AMD
autonomic nervous system
48. The cultivation of land for the purpose of crop production and/or the rearing of livestock - primarily for food - but also to provide materials - e.g. for fuel - clothing and shelter.
mutagen
excitatory synapse
opioid
agriculture
49. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
trachoma
mucus
forced vital capacity
infectious dose
50. The process of reducing pain - e.g. by taking morphine.
fibrin
analgesia
hepatitis
adaptive characteristic