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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A class of neuron that is neither sensory nor motor.
electromagnetic radiation
hypothesis
interneuron
SI Units
2. The junction where a neuron influences another cell - the latter being either another neuron or a muscle cell. (
synapse
adhesion
bioaccumulation
radiographer
3. Contains protons - each of which carry a single positive electric charge - and neutrons which are uncharged.
visual impairment
myofibrils
principal focal point
atomic nucleus
4. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - but who actually has the disease.
false negative
incidence
microbes
ligaments
5. Pain of relatively short duration and associated with actual damage to tissues.
acute pain
cornea
sputum
traumatic injury
6. Type of glaucoma in which the outflow of aqueous humour from the eye is blocked because the gap between the iris and the cornea has closed.
PM10
closed-angle glaucoma
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
child mortality rate
7. A study in which the participants do not know into which group they have been allocated - e.g. whether they have received a drug or a placebo.
ion
sievert
fibrosis
blind study
8. A volume in which there are no atoms or molecules.
acute effects
vacuum
respiration
deoxyribonucleic acid
9. Matter formed from saliva mixed with mucus and any foreign material such as dust - Which is coughed up (expectorated) from the lower respiratory tract and usually ejected from the mouth.
respiratory system
sputum
tissue engineering
toxin
10. A fracture that occurs because the bone has been weakened through osteoporosis.
insufficiency fracture
emphysema
spirometry
age-standardisation
11. A type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which new blood vessels form in an attempt to restore the blood supply to the retina. The new vessels are fragile - and may leak blood into the eye.
tidal volume
nearwork activity
nociception
wet AMD
12. A proteinase (protein-degrading) enzyme that catalyses (facilitates) the breakdown of elastin and other related proteins.
diffusion
forced vital capacity
water-borne infectious diseases
elastase
13. A small - thin-walled - air sac in the lungs surrounded by a network of blood capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the lungs and the blood.
millilitres
alveolus
vital capacity
axon
14. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.
myofibre
proportional mortality
concave
opioid
15. The ability of bacteria which have acquired a resistance gene to survive the action of an antibiotic drug that kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria from the same strain.
grays
antibiotic resistance
hard problem of consciousness
malignant cancer
16. A segment of this contains the coded information required for a cell to make a particular protein. Humans probably have about 25 000. Different forms or variants of these - called alleles - determine how these characteristics are expressed in a given
gene
wavelength
photon
oxyhaemoglobin
17. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.
threshold of excitation
priority eye diseases
urbanisation
cancellous
18. The opening at the centre of the iris that allows light to enter into the eye.
pupil
hepatitis
wave
optician
19. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of four electrons - two from each atom at either end of the bond.
double bond
double-strand break
covalent bond
mucus
20. The cells that resorb (disassemble) bone.
fracture
osteoclasts
colour blind
pH scale
21. The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation cannot be adequately described in all situations by any one model. In some situations the wave model is appropriate - in others the particle model - which describes the radiation as photons - must be used.
wave-particle duality
convex
millilitres
developed countries
22. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.
receptor
cancellous
forced expiratory volume in one second
cardiovascular system
23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.
trichiasis
true positive
chemical formula
acute condition
24. The energy needed to break a bond between two atoms.
true positive
autobiographical memory
nerve
bond dissociation energy
25. Tiny particles of calcium that appear as small specks on a mammogram. When clustered in one area of the breast - they may indicate the presence of cancer cells.
potential difference
autonomic nervous system
microcalcifications
deoxygenated blood
26. Leading global causes of visual impairment that have been identified by the WHO's Vision 2020 project as targets that can be prevented or treated. They include refractive errors and low vision - cataract - glaucoma - AMD - diabetic retinopathy and tr
priority eye diseases
veins
diabetic retinopathy
pH scale
27. A long chain molecule made up of many repeating units.
polymer
information processing
intensity
hydroxyl group
28. Anything that is statistically associated with an increased chance of developing a particular disease - disorder or disability in a population; when the incidence of the disease is examined in different populations it is found to occur more frequentl
risk factor
pain matrix
threshold of excitation
nucleus
29. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
ionic bonding
true negative
catalyst
polar molecule
30. Immobilisation of a broken bone using something rigid.
deoxyribonucleic acid
splint
PM10
microcalcifications
31. For a screening procedure such as mammography - the number of true positive results expressed as a percentage of the total number of positive results (true or false). It tells (other things being equal) What the chance is that a person with a positiv
complementary colours
optician
pyloric sphincter
positive predictive value
32. A subunit of the litre - the standard scientific (SI) unit for measuring volume; there are 100 of these in a litre.
ophthalmologist
potential difference
centilitre
wavelength
33. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond
oxygenated blood
concave
respiratory centres
disability adjusted life year
34. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.
inhibitory synapse
elastase
tolerance
compact bone
35. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato
reward
xenobiotic
respiratory centres
oxygenated blood
36. A protein produced in the liver that circulates around the body and blocks the destructive effects of certain proteinase enzymes such as elastase.
sweat glands
fracture
alpha-1 antitrypsin
dermis
37. The number of children who die under five years of age in a given year - usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.
veins
capillaries
axon terminal
child mortality rate
38. A poisonous substance produced by a living organism - usually injurious to potential prey - predators or competitors.
analgesia
false positive
toxin
psychological trauma
39. A measure of the dose of ionising radiation to an organism which takes into account the sensitivity to radiation of different organs in the body. Multiplied by a tissue weighting factor for that organ. Then the amounts for all the affected organs are
anti-inflammatory
forced expiratory volume in one second
biomass fuel
effective dose
40. A protein produced by a living organism that functions as a catalyst. It facilitates other molecules entering into chemical reactions with one another - but is itself unaffected by these reactions.
DNA repair protein
enzyme
phantom pain
neurogenic pain
41. A readily measured statistic or parameter that can be used in place of a more complex statistic - or to 'stand in for' one that is impossible to measure directly; e.g. disease statistics are often used as this for the 'health' of a population; the nu
ionising radiation
bronchodilator
wind-up
proxy measure
42. Rigid structures (such as bones) that can move about a fulcrum in response to forces in order to transfer force from one place to another. They can modify the size of the force and the distance of motion.
neurotransmitter
levers
lens
adhesion
43. Counts of deaths.
incidence rate
mortality data
laser
hepatitis
44. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
microcalcifications
ionic bonding
mortality rate
aqueous humour
45. A bond between two atoms formed when an outer electron from each of the atoms is shared between them to form an electron pair bond.
gene
ionisation
epithelial cells
covalent bond
46. A thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytosol and organelles of a cell.
receptor
cell membrane
acute condition
opioid
47. The problem of trying to explain how the subjective feelings of consciousness arise from the physical matter of the brain.
hypothesis
hard problem of consciousness
withdrawal symptoms
vital capacity
48. The entire range or extent of some quantity - arranged in order; e.g. electromagnetic or visible light.
wavelength
pain
spectrum
dementia
49. The use of a spirometer to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
morbidity
bronchiole
spirometry
diastolic blood pressure
50. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen bonded together - Which is bonded to an organic molecule; can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
morbidity rate
alcohol tolerant
hydroxyl group
alcoholic poisoning