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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variety of conditions associated with eyesight - from total loss of sight (blindness) to partial sight loss.






2. The statistical study of the occurrence - distribution - potential causes and control of diseases and disabilities in human populations (CS 1 - 3 - 4 & 6)






3. The ability to stand - walk and run - supported only by the hind limbs.






4. The part of a neuron that consists of a long wire-like projection - ending in a terminal which participates in a synapse with another cell. Action potentials are transmitted along these.






5. The distance between the principle focal point and the centre of a lens.






6. A scale from 0 to 14 describing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution - where 7 is neutral - greater than 7 is more basic (alkaline) and less than 7 is more acidic.






7. A break in one of the helical strands of a DNA molecule - caused by ionising radiation.






8. The clinical approach to tissue repair that seeks to build new tissues in a similar manner to the way in which they form naturally (rather than the way in which they repair after damage).






9. Over time - a need for an increasing amount of drug to obtain the same level of effect - e.g. the amount of alcohol required to produce intoxication.






10. The thinnest blood vessels.






11. In screening - a person whose screening test result is positive (indicating disease) - and who actually has the disease.






12. A region of cortex at the front of the brain - where the activity of neurons is associated with voluntary control of behaviour (self-control) and restraint. Biological evidence suggests that mild to moderate doses of alcohol selectively depress the a






13. A small airway branching from a bronchus.






14. A class of natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure and action to morphine and heroin.






15. The share of the total morbidity in a population Which is due to a particular cause; it is usually expressed as a percentage.






16. The skin layer that lies beneath the epidermis and provides the strength and elasticity of the skin.






17. A reduction in the number of photons passing through a material. It is caused by both absorption and scattering.






18. A tissue made up of cells embedded in a matrix of protein fibres which includes bones - fat and tendons; they connect - support - or surround other tissues and organs.






19. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.






20. A small depression in the retina of the eye - with high visual capability - consisting exclusively of cones.






21. Much of the brain is divided down its midline into two halves - the left and right of this; also referred to as the 'left brain' and the 'right brain'.






22. A method for determining the efficiency of gas transfer between the lungs and the pulmonary blood capillaries.






23. The tissue that forms following healing - Which is not the same in structure as the original tissue.






24. A multi-disciplinary programme of care for patients with chronic respiratory conditions - Which is tailored to the individual and combines exercise and education to address all aspects of living with the condition.






25. The term given to those units of measurement that scientists all over the world have agreed to use in their publications; e.g. the second (s) - the kilogram (kg) - and the metre (m).






26. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).






27. Each element has been assigned one of these - often the first letter - or two of the first letters of the name; for example - H stands for hydrogen - C for carbon - N for nitrogen - Ca for calcium and O for oxygen.






28. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.






29. The organelles found inside myofibres that run the length of the cell and cause contraction.






30. Fine particles of a solid suspended in the air.






31. The body system consisting of the heart - blood vessels and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body and is also known as the circulatory system.






32. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.






33. An organelle (plural: mitochondria) in the cytosol of cells where much of cellular respiration takes place (the release of usable chemical energy from molecules derived from food).






34. Deliberately deciding never to drink alcohol.






35. A graft where the donor tissue comes from the same person (as opposed to an allograft where it comes from another person).






36. Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of atoms. In a neutral atom the number of these balances the number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nucleus.






37. Insufficient levels of oxygen in the blood or tissue.






38. A measure of the real impact of a particular disease - disorder or disability on people's lives (DALY) - combining an estimate of the number of years lived with a reduced quality of life - taking into account the severity of the condition (every cond






39. Gradual changes that occur slowly over time and may be irreversible - often in response to repeated exposure to a stimulus or toxic substance (e.g. alcohol).






40. The pivot point about which a lever rotates.






41. Qualified to employ a range of equipment such as X-rays - MRI scanners - etc. to produce images to diagnose an injury or disease. They will then have undergone further specialist training in mammography. (Two types - diagnostic and therapeutic; the l






42. A form of plasticity within the connections between the neurons that underlie nociception and pain - such that - over time - increasing levels of pain are experienced even though the stimulus remains unchanged.






43. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.






44. A technique in which a person is placed in a particular psychological state and - in response to suggestions made by the hypnotist - can experience alterations in perception - memory and voluntary action.






45. Cells that can divide to produce daughter cells - which can then differentiate to become any of a range of different cell types.






46. A chemical that is stored within the axon terminal of a neuron and is released in response to electrical activity within that neuron. It passes the short distance to a neighbouring cell (neuron or muscle cell) where it binds to a neurotransmitter rec






47. The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at a particular location as a result of the mass of the column of air above it. At sea level - it is 760 mmHg or 101.325 kPa.






48. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom at either end of the bond.






49. The size and direction of a push or pull.






50. The type of bone (sometimes called compact) that is more dense (compared with cancellous bone) and very strong. It is found in the parts of the bone that need to withstand the largest forces.







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