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Test your basic knowledge |
Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body.
autograft
enzyme
biopsy
relative risk
2. The type of blood cell that transports oxygen; also known as a red blood cell.
erythrocyte
post-traumatic stress disorder
trachea
open angle glaucoma
3. A thick ring of muscle that controls pupil size - thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured portion of the eye.
iris
spirogram
ophthalmologist
adhesion
4. An experience Which is accessible only to the person who experiences it in terms of the contents of his or her conscious mind. Such experience is not open to objective observation or measurement by any other individual and hence is contrasted with 'o
incubation period
allograft
subjective experience
millilitres
5. An intense conscious occupation with thoughts of the object of an addiction.
nephrons
alcoholic liver disease
craving
adaptive value
6. Pain that lasts for months or years and which typically persists beyond the time of tissue healing.
chronic pain
hyperventilate
endothelial cells
relative risk
7. The number of individual pathogens required to cause disease in an infected person; the number varies from one infectious disease to another.
disability adjusted life year
infectious dose
scatter plot
fibrin
8. A condition characterised by inflammation of the walls of the airways and excess production of mucus. It results in a persistent (chronic) cough with production of sputum - obstruction of airflow and increased vulnerability to respiratory infections.
calcium ions
chronic bronchitis
bioaccumulation
trichromacy
9. The transparent fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens of the eye.
tendons
catalyst
post-traumatic stress disorder
aqueous humour
10. The number of cases of a disease - disorder or disability in a population - relative to the total number of people at risk of developing it; usually expressed as the number of cases per 1000 (or per 10 000 - or per 100 000 or per million) population.
radiologist
morbidity rate
stress response
enzyme
11. Haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide. It is formed in the blood when carbon monoxide is inhaled - reducing the ability of the blood to form oxyhaemoglobin.
carboxyhaemoglobin
LASIK
inflammatory mediators
immune system
12. A medically qualified person who has chosen to specialise in clinical radiology - the use of imaging to diagnose - treat and monitor various disease processes.
wavelength
morbidity rate
proxy measure
radiologist
13. Memory for events or issues related to oneself.
autobiographical memory
chemoreceptor
non-communicable diseases
diabetic retinopathy
14. Tissues that are like tendons in terms of structure but connect bones to each other (rather than bones to muscles).
mortality rate
oxygenated blood
oxidation
ligaments
15. A fracture where the bone bends and only breaks on one side; commonest in children - whose bones tend to bend rather than break completely.
greenstick fracture
antagonist
alveolus
prefrontal cortex
16. The structure within the eye where the iris meets the cornea - where excess aqueous humour from the front of the eye can drain.
nociceptive pain
closed-angle glaucoma
drainage angle
trachoma
17. A group of specialised cells that work together to fulfil a specific function in the body - e.g. muscle.
structural formula
period
tissue
tidal volume
18. Any fracture where the overlying skin is broken.
mortality
polar molecule
opiates
open fracture
19. One of a family of similar chemicals that have the generic name of 'alcohol' - with the chemical formula C2H5OH.
child mortality rate
negative feedback
craving
ethanol
20. A condition that may develop following exposure to an extremely stressful situation - typically where a person witnesses the violent death of someone else - or believes their own life is in danger. Symptoms include disordered sleeping - a dread of si
post-traumatic stress disorder
extracellular matrix
neuron
particulates
21. Any factor Which is statistically associated with a particular outcome (e.g. the incidence of a disease) - but Which is not involved in its causation. The association can disguise the true cause (or causes) of the outcome.
pulse oximetry
confounding factor
mortality rate
fibrosis
22. Brain region involved in processing memories and emotional reactions.
axon
amygdale
visual impairment
arterial blood gas test
23. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.
adaptive value
true negative
residual volume
immune system
24. The total volume of gas contained in the lungs after a full inspiration (it is equal to vital capacity plus residual volume). (Abbreviated to TLC)
total lung capacity
incubation period
hydroxyl group
alcohol tolerant
25. Any cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles - bacteria and cell debris.
phagocyte
wave-particle duality
gene
autograft
26. A condition in which a person exceeds a certain threshold for the proportion of body weight that consists of fat. In most assessments based on body mass index - a BMI of greater than 30 is defined as clinically obese.
obesity
point-of-use' strategy
interneuron
bar chart
27. Number of new cases of a condition diagnosed in a population in a given period - usually one year.
incidence
principal focal point
double-strand break
hypovolaemic shock
28. The binding that occurs between a signalling molecule and its specific receptor. The specificity of the binding is analogous to that of a particular key in a particular lock; e.g. the binding between a neurotransmitter and its receptor - or a hormone
single bond
carboxyhaemoglobin
ophthalmologist
lock-and-key interaction
29. A technique where people learn to change their thought patterns and behaviour to create feelings of coping and self-efficacy; e.g. people in chronic pain might be taught to place a less catastrophic interpretation on their pain.
cognitive-behavioural therapy
duct
psychogenic stimuli
solvent
30. A mathematical adjustment that enables disease and mortality rates to be compared from countries with different age-structures - i.e. different proportions of young - middle-aged and older people in their populations. The method involves taking a ver
nociceptive pain
electron
age-standardisation
radiographer
31. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.
gene
hormone
cell
addiction
32. Any physical injury or severe psychological shock.
trauma
diaphragm
traumatic injury
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
33. Intoxication so extreme that it leads to unconsciousness that can result in death.
pyloric sphincter
dementia
alcoholic poisoning
dry AMD
34. The process of urban development - i.e. of towns and cities - and the movement of an increasing proportion of a country's population from rural to urban environments.
amygdale
chemical compound
urbanisation
phagocyte
35. Substances in which an interaction or reaction occurs - or in which an event takes place - or chemicals or objects are transported or supported - e.g. a medium through which a wave is transmitted in the refraction of light.
xenobiotic
DNA repair protein
additive primary colours
media
36. A painful eye condition caused by repeated infections with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis .
trachoma
peripheral nervous system
cardiovascular system
craving
37. An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.(
vasodilation
proteinase
neutron
stochastic
38. An agent - such as a chemical - ultraviolet light - or a radioactive substance that can induce - or increase the frequency of - mutations in DNA.
positive predictive value
alcoholic liver disease
spectrum
mutagen
39. A bean-shaped tissue packed with immune system cells found at intervals along the vessels of the lymphatic system. They filter potentially harmful substances and organisms (microbes) from body fluids that drain into the lymphatic system; the filtered
pain
axon
lymph node
confounding factor
40. Substances that have the effect of reducing pain.
risk factor
nearwork activity
double-strand break
analgesics
41. A process at an interface of two media in which the direction of light is deviated within the new medium.
refraction
ionic bonding
receptor
DNA repair protein
42. A chemical that has the effect of blocking the action of a natural substance such as a neurochemical. (
cornea
antagonist
screening
adhesion
43. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.
affect
antibiotic resistance
trachea
polar molecule
44. Persistent inflammation over long periods of time that occurs when the tissues are unable to overcome the effects of an injurious agent.
wet AMD
chronic inflammation
erythrocyte
fibrosis
45. Condition in which no colour at all can be seen.
disease risk factors
colour blind
high-risk screening
microbes
46. A process at an interface of two media in which light is returned into the original medium without transmission or absorption.
affect
reflection
respiratory system
iris
47. A physiological reaction occurring in the body - triggered by the perception of aversive or threatening situations.
allograft
alcohol myopia
venous return
stress response
48. A hormone secreted by the suprarenal gland (formerly the adrenal gland) upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress - anger - fear or exertion. It has many effects on the body - e.g. increasing heart rate and output. Also kno
particulates
anti-inflammatory
epinephrine
laser
49. A muscular wall separating the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals.
immunodeficiency
total lung capacity
fibrin
diaphragm
50. A class of animals characterised by having the body covered in hair - by having a four-chambered heart - and by feeding their young on milk produced by the female.
tolerance
hydrogen bond
mammals
drainage angle